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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

Contents

S-Range - a new concept................................................................ 5

Cranes - general.................................. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
S-Range of bearings for cranes........................................................ 8
Bearing types.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Bearing data.............................................................................. 9
S-Range matrices ........................................................................... 10
Bearing designations.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Designation suffixes........................ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10
Matrices ... :............................................................................... 11
Bearing arrangement design ........................................................... .. 18
Bearing arangements for crane travelling wheels .............................. 19
Bearing arrangements for hoist drums ............................................ 22
Bearing arrangements for sheaves and pulleys ................................. 24
Bearing arrangements for crane hooks ...................................... : .... 29
Bearing arrangements for pivots and support rollers ......................... 30
Mounting and dismounting.............................................................. 34
Relevant SKF publications .............................................................. 35

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

S-Range
- a new concept
To further streamline SKF customer service
a number of items from the broad assortment
of SKF bearings has been carefully selected.
These make up the S-Range, application orientated
bearing ranges for specific application areas.
The selection of each S-Range item is based on
wide SKF experience in the bearing application
field, built through contact with bearing users
all over the world.
'
It is SKF policy to supply virtually every type
of bearing to meet customer requirements. But
with S-Range, SKF now offers customers addi-
tional benefits:

- Simplified bearing selection and application

design work coupled with confidence in the
suitability of the range offered.

- Short delivery times.

- Long term supply stability.

- Worldwide availability.

- No minimum order quantities.

- Simplified ordering and stocking.

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

Cranes - general

Crane manufacturers have always tried to

match the crane design to the widely differ-
ing service conditions, consequently a large
number of different crane types exist.
Nevertheless, certain equipment such as
travelling wheels, rope sheaves, crane hooks
and gearboxes are fairly common to all.
Because a failure may have disastrous
consequences, all hoisting equipment has to
be designed very carefully, therefore certain
design criteria and dimensioning rules, which
are specified in national standards, have to
be followed. Rules established by the Euro-
pean Material Handling Federation (F.E.M.),
for example, are generally used in the calcu-
lations connected with the selection of the
equipment and its associated bearings.
.. The bearing arrangements for the drives
of travelling wheels, travelling crabs,
winches, jib and stewing arrangements are
I not covered in this S-Range, as they do not
differ from the normal stationary gear.
Reference should therefore be made to the
S-Range leaflet for industrial gearboxes.
Similarly, for the bearing arrangements for
electric motors reference should be made to
the appropriate S-Range leaflet.
A subsidiary of the SKF Group, RKS
produces a wide selection of stewing rings
for use on cranes. These are generally tailor-
made to meet individual requirements and
are not dealt with here. Reference should be
made to the SKF catalogue "RKS slewing
rings".

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S-Range of bearings for

cranes
The selection of bearings for a particular been provided in both the outer and inner
application is generally governed by the op- nngs.
erating conditions, but may also be deter-
mined by various standards relating to that Spherical roller bearings
application. These factors, plus the wide ex- Spherical roller bearings have two rows of
perience gained by SKF over many years, rollers which run on a common sphered
have all been taken into account when raceway in the outer ring. The two inner
selecting the S-Range of bearings for ring raceways are inclined at an angle to the
cranes. The complete S-Range of bearings bearing axis. These bearings are self -aligning
for cranes is shown, in matrix form, on and insensitive to minor angular misalign-
pages 11 to 16. ments of the shaft relative to the housing, or
to shaft bending. In addition to radial loads,
the bearings can also accommodate axial
Bearing types loads acting in both directions. They are
ideally suitable for example for use in crane
Deep groove ball bearings travelling wheels and heavy-duty sheaves
These are generally used in light-duty crane and pulleys. To facilitate efficient bearing
travelling wheels and rope sheaves, where lubrication the spherical roller bearings in-
advantage can be taken of their radial and cluded in this S-Range, with very few excep-
axial load carrying ability. In most cases, tions, feature an annular groove and three
because low speeds and operating times pre- lubrication holes in the outer ring as stan-
vail, single row deep groove ball bearings, dard (designation suffix W33).
lubricated for life and sealed at both sides
are used. In this way, the risk of dirt enter- Taper roller bearings
ing the bearing during mounting and the use Taper roller bearings are particularly suitable
of unsuitable greases are prevented. for carrying c6mbined (radial and axial)
loads. The bearings are of separable design,
Cylindrical roller bearings i.e. the outer ring (cup) and the inner ring
Double row cylindrical roller bearings, with with roller and cage assembly (cone) may be
a full complement of rollers and sealed at
both sides are ideal for use with medium-
duty sheaves and pulleys. These bearings
are able to accommodate very heavy radial
loads and also simultaneously acting axial
loads; the absence of a cage does mean,
however, that they do not have the same
high speed capability as the more conven-
tional "caged" cylindrical roller bearings.
Their low sectional height permits a compact
design whereby the weight of sheaves can
be reduced considerably, an important factor
when the sheaves are used with mobile
cranes. These bearings are supplied ready-
filled with a suitable lubricating grease and
are maintenance-free under certain operating
conditions. However, when exposed to
damp or dirt, or when operating at high
speeds for long periods they must be relubri-
cated. Relubrication facilities have therefore

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

mounted separately. They must, however,

be adjusted carefully during mounting. Apart
from their use in crane gearboxes, taper
roller bearings are also employed to a cer-
tain extent in crane travelling wheel appli-
cations and sheaves.

Thrust ball bearings

Single direction thrust ball bearings are suit-
able for the accommodation of axial loads in
one direction only and should not be sub-
jected to radial loads. The bearings are sep-
arable and mounting is simple as the com-
ponents can be mounted individually. They
are generally used in crane hooks.

Spherical roller thrust bearings

These bearings are used when axial carrying
capacity is the prime requirement. Neverthe-
less, they have two main advantages over
other thrust bearing types in that they are
self -aligning and can also carry significant
simultaneously acting radial loads. They are
ideal for use as pivot bearings in large
slewing cranes where heavy axial loads are
encountered; they are also used in crane
hooks.

Bearing data
Data on all the bearings included in this
S-Range will be found in the SKF General
Catalogue.

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S-Range matrices

The bearings included in this S-Range are J2 Pressed steel cage.

presented in the same bearing type order as J9
in the SKF General Catalogue. They are
shown in Dimension Series order (light M Machined brass cage.
section series to the left, heavy to the right)
and bearings with Normal radial internal V Bearing without cage (full comple-
clearance are shown first, followed by those ment of rolling elements).
with clearances other than Normal, then
other variants. W33 Lubrication groove and three holes in
The various designs of spherical roller the outer ring.
bearings (i.e. CC, CAC, CA etc.) will be
found in the SKF General Catalogue. -2LS Rubbing seals at both sides of the
-2RS1 bearing.

Bearing designations
The matrix headings show bearing desig-
nations without the size figures. A lighter
coloured square indicates the position for
the size figures which are shown to the right
of the matrices.

Designation suffixes
The following designation suffixes will be
found in the matrices.

A With series 3194(00) full complement

cylindrical roller bearings denotes
two grooves for snap rings in the
outer ring.

ADA With series NNF 50 full complement

cylindrical roller bearings denotes the
same features as suffix DA but with
wider grooves for snap rings.

DA With series NNF 50 full complement

cylindrical roller bearings two-part in-
ner ring, two grooves for snap rings
in the outer ring, and that the outer
ring is 1 mm narrower than the inner
nng.

F Machined steel or spheroidal graphite

cast iron cage.

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S-Range- Cranes
Deep groove ball bearings
I

Series

~
With 2 seals

..... ..... ~
r:n r:n ~
~ ~
N
o o
N
lr>~
d
(mm)
N
\C
f')
\C =
=
10 00-
12 01
15 02
17 03
20 04
25 05
30 06
35 07
40 08
45 09
50 10
55 11
60 12
65 13
70 14
75 15
80 16
85 17
90 18
95 19
100 20
110 22
120 24
130 26
140 28
150 30
160 32
170 34
180 36
190 38
200 40
220 44
240 48
260 52
280 56
300 60
320 64
340 68
360 72
380 76
400 80
420 84
440 88
460 92
480 96
500 /500
530 /530
560 /560
600 /600
630 /630
670 /670
710 1710
750 /750

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

S-Range - Cranes
Full complement cylindrical roller bearings - double row
I Series !
With 2 seals

~
;,
[I)
..;1
N
~ [I)
:;j ..;1
N ~
D
Q
~ ~

TI
tr)
D
~
d :z
:z
""'
~
.....
(mm) t")

10 00
12 01
15 02
17 03
20 04
25 05
30 06
35 07
40 08
45 09
50 10
55 11
60 12
65 13
70 14
75 15
80 16
85 17
90 18
95 19
100 20
110 22
120 24
130 26
140 28
150 30
160 32
170 34
180 36
190 38
200 40
220 44
240 48
260 52
280 56
300 60
320 64
340 68
360 72
380 76
400 80
420 84
440 88
460 92
480 96
500 /500
530 /530
560 /560
I-- f-
600 I--
During an intermediate period, bearings of the earlier design- NNF 50 DA-2LSV and
I--
/600
630 I--
3194(00)-2LS- may be supplied. These can only be used together with the Seeger SW rings. If I--
/630
670 bearings of the new design with wide snap ring grooves (designation suffix A) are required, /670
f- f-
710 I--
this must be clearly stated on the order. I--
1710
750 /750

12
 - -- - - - -- - - - -- - - - - - - -- -- - - - - - - - -·-- --,..

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

S-Range - Cranes
Spherical roller bearings

Series

~ Eu
...,
...,..., ...,
...,...,...,
""E ""E"" ~ ...,
Eu~
...,..., ...,
--uu E
uu E
uu
...,...,
~

~
UU< U<
uuu uuu uu
OD D O DD
............... D D ...,NDD...,N
d ...,Q Q ...,
..., Q ...,...,..., N
N ...,NN
(mm) N N N N N N N N N

10 00
12 01
15 02
17 03
20 04
25 05
30 06
35 07
40 08
45 09
50 10
55 11
60 12
65 13
70 14
75 15
80 16
85 17
90 18
95 19
100 20
110 22
120 24
130 26
140 28
150 30
160 32
170 34
180 36
190 38
200 40
220 44
240 48
260 52
280 56
300 60
320 64
340 68
360 72
380 76
400 80
420 84
440 88
460 92
480 96
500 /500
530 /530
560 /560
600 /600
630 /630
670 /670
710 1710
750 /750

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

S-Range- Cranes
Thrust ball bearings - single direction fffi
Series

~ ~

~
Q\
~ r.... r....
d D
..... DD D
<'IN
..... ..... ..... t"l
.....
(mm) Ill Ill Ill Ill

10 00
12 01
15 02
17 03
20 04
25 05
30 06
35 07
40 08
45 09
50 10
55 11
60 12
65 13
70 14
75 15
80 16
85 17
90 18
95 19
100 20
110 22
120 24
130 26
140 28
150 30
160 32
170 34
180 36
190 38
200 40
220 44
240 48
260 52
280 56
300 60
320 64
340 68
360 72
380 76
400 80
420 84
440 88
460 92
480 96
500 /500
530 /530
560 /560
600 /600
630 /630
670 /670
710 1710
750 /750

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S-Range- Cranes
Spherical roller thrust bearings
I
Series

~ ~
~
~

n
J;;l;l J;;I;JJ;;I;l

d DD
~~
0'1 0'1
..,...,.
DD
0'1 0'1
(mm) N N NN

10
12 01
15 02
17 03
20 04
25 05
30 06
35 07
40 08
45 09
50 10
55 11
60 12
65 13
70 14
75 15
80 16
85 17
90 18
95 19
100 20
110 22
120 24
130 26
140 28
150 30
160 32
170 34
180 36
190 38
200 40
220 44
240 48
260 52
280 56
300 60
320 64
340 68
360 72
380 76
400 80
420 84
440 88
460 92
480 96
500 /500
530 /530
560 /560
600 /600
630 /630
670 /670
710 /710
750 /750

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

Bearing arrangement design

When designing the bearing arrangements
for cranes and associated equipment, the
static loads as well as the dynamic loads
have to be considered. The highest static
load, for example, occurs when the crane is
subjected to overload during the acceptance
tests before the crane is put into service.
Dynamic load
Bearing selection is based on the desired
service time and the load spectrum expected.
Guideline values for the required operating
times for cranes in different application
fields are given in the table below. For rea-
sons of standardization, or because of the
strength required in associated components,
oversize bearings must, to some extent,
sometimes be accepted.
Static load
A reference value of s0 = 1 for the static
safety factor and of s0 = 0,8 when the crane
is subjected to overload during the accept-
ance tests may, with the exception of spheri-
cal roller thrust bearings, be taken as a guide
when determing the basic static load. There
is no common international standard for the
overload limit, but 150 % of the nominal
load of the crane is often met. Higher and
sometimes lower static safety factors are
chosen depending on the demands on the
crane.
In slewing cranes where a spherical roller
thrust bearing is used as a pivot bearing and
where the load is accommodated without
turning the jib, sliding motion between
rollers and raceways must be expected as a
result of elastic deformation of supporting
.assemblies under unsatisfactory lubricating
conditions. To minimize the sliding motion
and the danger of smearing in the contact
zones, the value for the static safety factor
should not fall below s0 = 2,0 under maxi-
mum working load, or s0 = 1,8 under over-
load during acceptance testing.
When spherical roller thrust bearings are
used in crane hooks the static safety factor
is 1,5 for acceptance tests and 1,8 for maxi-
mum operating load.
All the above-mentioned guideline values
for s0 refer to the static load ratings in the
SKF General Catalouge.

Daily operating Load Application Required operating

time conditions time

~1 hour Usually light loads; Overhead travelling 1 600 to 3 200 hours

heavy loads are crane for assembly and
the execption dismantling of machinery

~4 hours Light and medium Derrick erecting crane 3 200 to 6 300 hours
loads predominating; Shipyard shear legs
heavy loads are
the exception

~8 hours Roughl y equal periods Building site jib crane 6 300 to 12 500 hours
of light , medium Workshop overhead
and heavy loads travelling crane

~ 16 hours Heavy loads Ladle crane in foundry 12 500 to 25 000 hou rs

(> 16 hours) predominating Wharf grabbing crane (>25 000 hours)
Scrapyard overhead
travelling crane
Floating grabbing crane

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Bearing arrangements for crane travelling wheels
Bearings mounted inside the wheel
Bearing selection
Operating conditions and also various exist-
ing standards all influence the selection of
bearings for crane travelling wheels. De-
pending on the type and magnitude of the
load many arrangements are possible using
spherical roller bearings , series 230 CC,
222 CC, 232 CC and 223 CC, taper roller
bearings, series 302, and deep groove ball
bearings, series 62-2RS 1 and 63-2RS 1, see
matrix.
Bearing arrangement
The bearings are mounted either on a sleeve
or directly on the shaft. Another factor
which influences the design is whether the
wheels are driven or not.
The wheel shown in fig 1 is driven and
incorporates two spherical roller bearings.
In this example the wheel is fitted with an
inner sleeve before mounting on the shaft.
When using an inner sleeve, the axial force
which arises from the wheel being guided by
the rail, is accommodated by the bearing
which is subjected to the lower radial load.
The wheel shown in fig 2 is not driven and
has the bearings mounted directly on the
shaft. In both cases the outer rings of the
bearings are subjected to rotating load,
therefore, to avoid fretting corrosion the
bearings should be mounted with an inter-
ference fit in the wheel.
Taper roller bearings are the most widely
used alternatives to spherical roller bearings
and a typical arrangement is shown in fig 3.
The expected service life of taper roller
bearings is only reached if the bearings are
correctly adjusted during initial mounting.
Problems may also arise at a later stage, for
example, if the bearings are replaced by un-
trained personnel.
Deep groove ball bearings may be used
where the wheel is subjected to lower loads,
see fig 4. For heavier loads it is possible, by
suitable division of the load between the
bearings, to use a deep groove ball bearing
in conjunction with a spherical roller bear-
ing, as shown in fig 5. The radial forces
would then be carried mainly by the spheri-
cal roller bearing.
,,
,,
,.,
:· .:~;;1~-=--=--=--=--_-_-_-_-:::- - ------::: ll ~
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Tolerances A relubrication interval of six months is gen-
erally adequate but after three years of ser-
Shaft (inner sleeve) g6 vice the old grease should be replaced.

Hub bore For deep groove ball

bearings and moderate
loads M7
For spherical roller
bearings and heavy
loads N7

Lubrication
Because of the fairly low speeds involved,
lithium base greases with a relatively high
base oil viscosity and EP additives, such as
SKF LGEP2 or LGEM2, are recommended.
A relubrication interval of six months is gen-
erally adequate but after three years of ser-
vice the old grease should be replaced.

Bearings mounted in housings

outside the wheel

Bearing selection
Spherical roller bearings from series 232 CC
and 223 CC, mounted directly on the shaft
are usually selected for this arrangement,
see matrix.

Bearing arrangement
In this type of arrangement the wheel is
mounted between the bearings. The inner
rings of the bearings will, therefore, rotate
with the wheel shaft, which means they
must be mounted with an interference fit.
Plummer block housings, also circular,
angled or special flanged type housings may
be used to accommodate the spherical roller
bearings; fig 6 shows an application with an
angled housing.
With driven crane wheels the non-locating
bearing should be mounted on the coupling
side to ensure a more uniform load.

Tolerances

Shaft For diameters

50 to 100 mm n6
over 100 mm p6

Housing H7/IT6

Lubrication
Because of the fairly low speeds involved,
lithium base greases with a relatively high
base oil viscosity and EP additives, such as
SKF .J;.-GEP2 or LGEM2, are recommended.

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Bearing arrangements for hoist drums
Hoist drums for cranes are often built into Tolerances
the gearbox but can also be supplied as
1
Separate units. Only the separate units are Rotating shaft
included in this brochure. Shaft For diameters
up to 100 mm n6
Bearing selection over 100 mm p6
Because of their ability to accommodate
misalignment, which cannot normally be Housing H8
avoided in this type of application, spherical
roller bearings are ideally suitable for use as Stationary shaft
support bearings. Shaft h6

Bearing arrangement Housing M7

For a rotating shaft arrangement, the spheri-
cal roller bearings can be mounted in plum-
mer blocks, one each side of the drum, or
directly into the frame, see fig 7.
The drum can also be designed with a sta-
tionary shaft; the bearings are then housed
in the drum sides, see fig 8.
Lubrication
Because of the fairly low speeds involved,
lithium base greases with a relatively high
base oil viscosity and EP additives, such as
SKF LGEP2 or LGEM2, are recommended.
A relubrication interval of six months is gen-
erally adequate but after three years of ser-
vice the old grease should be replaced.

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11
11

Ill
I'
I'
, I

Il ll
I '

-t
-l : 11
I 1·)
~ ..,ll= ___ ____ __(j,._
U-{:}--~· j ------++- .1 J - - - - -- - - --41!::===!
I
_j

1 1

23 _j
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Bearing arrangements for sheaves and pulleys
A study of the application fields for sheaves
and pulleys has permitted a division of the
range into the three categories - light,
medium and heavy. There is, however, some
degree of overlapping between the cat-
egones.
The bearings shown in the matrices for
these applications have Normal radial inter-
nal clearance. However, if they are to be
used with materials other than cast iron or
steel, for example aluminium or plastic
(which require the bearings to be mounted
with an interference fit) bearings with radial
internal clearance greater than Normal can
be supplied by SKF on request.

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Light-duty applications Tolerances

Bearing selection Shaft h8

Series 62-2RS 1 single row deep groove ball
bearings, lubricated for life and sealed at Hub bore M7
both sides, are very suitable for this type of
duty, see matrix. Lubrication
No provision is made for relubrication as the
Bearing arrangement bearings are sealed and adequately lubri-
For the lightest sheaves, one bearing per cated for life.
sheave is sufficient, see fig 9, but normally
two bearings per unit are used, see fig 10.
The latter may also be mounted with an
intermediate snap ring.
For severe environmental conditions the
bearings may be protected by additional
seals, for example Z-washers (fig 10) or
V-ring seals.

t-·- ·---+ +-------- - - --+

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Medium-duty applications possible to mount a number of sheaves or
pulleys adjacent to each other without using
Bearing selection intermediate spacers.
For medium-duty sheaves and pulleys,
double row cylindrical roller bearings with a Tolerances
full complement of rollers and sealed at both
sides with low friction contact seals, series ,S haft h6
NNF 50 ADA-2LSV and 3194(00) A-2LS,
are recommended, see matrix. Hub bore M7

Bearing arrangement Lubrication

Fig 11 shows two sheaves each one equip-
ped with one double row full complement
cylindrical roller bearing. This type of bear-
ing is provided with grooves in the outer
ring to take retaining or snap rings, thus per-
mitting a simple and space-saving method of
axial location. As the outer ring is slightly
narrower than the two-part inner ring, it is
Although these cylindrical roller bearings are
supplied ready-filled with grease, provision
has been made for relubrication to be car-
ried out efficiently. The inner ring and outer
ring are each provided with an annular
groove and lubrication holes. A good qual-
ity, rust-inhibiting lithium base grease, such
as SKF LGLT2 or LGEP2, should be used.

HH:---;t-;:'-= ·- - ----.------;---11?
1'1

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Alternative bearing arrangement

Taper roller bearings can also be used in
this application, see fig 12. The SKF pre-
adjusted double row taper roller bearings,
identified by drawing numbers of series
4422(00) with bore diameters ranging from
50 to 200 mm, can be supplied with two
shields which give adequate protection under
normal operating conditions. Further details
will be supplied by SKF on request.

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Heavy-duty applications direction only. There must always be a small

axial float for the inner rings.
Bearing selection
Spherical roller bearings of series 230 CC Tolerances
are recommended for heavy-duty sheaves
and pulleys, see matrix. Shaft ' h8

Bearing arrangement Hub bore N7

As the bearings do not have integral seals,
provision for their protection must be made
in the arrangements. Two bearings per
sheave or pulley are used and there is
usually sufficient space for labyrinth seals,
see fig 13, or rubber lip seals, see fig 14, to
be incorporated. The bearings are sometimes
mounted on an additional inner sleeve as for
crane wheels.
The bearings are arranged so that axial
location is provided for each bearing in one
Lubrication
Efficient lubrication of the bearings can be
achieved via the shaft and the space
between the bearings, or via the annular
groove and three lubrication holes in the
outer ring, using a suitable grease, such as
SKF LGEP2.

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Bearing arrangements for crane hooks

Bearing selection cation is not normally necessary, but a
For small hooks, single direction thrust ball high quality lithium base grease with EP
bearings, series 511 up to 60 mm bore diam- additives, such as SKF LGEP2 or LGEM2,
eter are preferred. Series 512 thrust ball is suitable when required.
bearings are recommended for the larger
hooks but, in order to give the user more
choice, bearings from the heavier series 513
have also been included in this S-Range, see
matrix. For heavy loads where space is
limited spherical roller thrust bearings may
be used. However, the high starting friction
experienced with spherical roller thrust bear-
ings may cause problems where heavy cargo
has to be rotated.

Bearing arrangement
Fig 15 and 16 show typical bearing arrange-
ments for crane hooks incorporating one
thrust ball bearing and one spherical roller
thrust bearing respectively. The load is
transmitted to the thrust bearing via the
thread on the hook shaft and a strong nut.
Arrangements must be made to ensure that
the bearing is not damaged when the hook is
relieved of its load.

Tolerances

Shaft j6

Housing Thrust ball bearings E9

Spherical roller thrust
bearings M7

Lubrication
The bearings, which are mainly under static
load, are lubricated with grease. Relubri-

29
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Bearing arrangements for pivots and support
rollers
Pivot bearings are used in slewing cranes
and derrick cranes. If the centre post of a
slewing crane rotates the pivot bearing is
mounted at the bottom of the centre post,
see fig 17. Guidance at the top of the centre
post is carried out by support rollers.
In an application where the centre post
remains stationary the bearing arrangement
is reversed, see fig 18.
Derrick cranes, see fig 19, have the pivot
bearing at the bottom of the mast. Another
bearing at the top keeps the mast in a verti-
cal position.
Slewing cranes are often supported on
stewing ring bearings which are capable of
taking a combination of radial, axial and
moment loads. The SKF subsidiary RKS
manufactures a wide range of stewing rings;
details will be supplied by SKF on request.
Pivot bearing arrangements
Bearing selection
Series 293 and 294 spherical roller thrust
bearings are generally selected for this appli-
30
cation. However, an investigation should
always be carried out as to whether the
spherical roller thrust bearing will take the
additional radial forces as well as the axial
forces. If the radial load exceeds 55 % of
the simultaneously acting axial load at any
time during operation, a bearing arrangement
incorporating a radial bearing in addition to
the thrust bearing, i.e. one series 230 CC or
231 CC spherical roller bearing and one
spherical roller thrust bearing, must be
selected. See matrix.
Bearing arrangement
The pivot bearing arrangement shown in
fig 20 is for a rotating centre post slewing
crane. Here the ratio Fr!Fa permits the use
of a single spherical roller thrust bearing but
the housing must be rigid so that the housing
washer is always adequately supported
under the varying heavy loads.
Both washers of the bearing are mounted
with an interference fit.
In the pivot bearing arrangement shown in
fig 21 a spherical roller bearing has been
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

incorporated to take the radial load. In order

to accommodate misalignment both bearings
in the arrangement must have common /.
centres. ./I
As the permissible loads in this type of ar-
rangement are usually high it is advisable to
/ I
restrict the permissible angular misalignment /
of one bearing ring to the other to 1o. This
applies to the radial spherical roller bearing
I
as well as the spherical roller thrust bearing.
The axial load is transmitted to the thrust
bearing via a disc made from a hard syn-
thetic material which has a low coefficient
of friction. This ensures that the thrust bear-
ing only takes axial load.
In this arrangmeent the static safety factor
s0 should not fall below 2,0 under maximum
operating load and 1,8 under overload. A
static safety factor of 1,0 is sufficient for
the radial bearing. These s0 values refer to
the static load ratings in the SKF General
Catalogue.

mr
~·~
·I
I
I
i
I
)

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Tolerances phide (in extreme cases up to 25 %) to the

oil its lubricating properties are much im-
Single bearing arrangement proved.
Shaft k6

Housing M7

Two-bearing arrangement
Shaft Radial bearing g6

Housing Radial bearing M7

Thrust bearing shaft
washer H9
Thrust bearing housing
washer M7

Lubrication
The bearings should be completely immersed
in oil, not only to ensure efficient lubrication
of the heavily loaded contacts between
rollers and raceways but also to provide
protection against corrosion which could
occur as a result of condensation inside the
housing. Because of the slow movement of
the heavily loaded bearings there is a danger
that metallic contact might occur between
rollers and raceways and thus lead to smear-
ing. An oil with a high viscosity will give the
best results. By adding molybdenum disul-

-r

32
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only
Support roller arrangements
Bearing selection
For this application series 230 CC and
231 CC spherical roller bearings are rec ~
ommended, see matrix.
Bearing arrangement
A typical bearing arrangement for support
rollers is shown in fig 22. It incorporates
two spherical roller bearings mounted on an
inner sleeve. The bearings , wheel, sleeve
and end covers can be mounted on the shaft
as a preassembled unit when the crane is
being assembled.
Lubrication
The bearings should be lubricated with a
high quality rust-inhibiting lithium base
grease, such as SKF LGEP2 or LGEM2.
Because of the low operating speed relubri-
cation may be omitted, but if the rollers are
exposed to rain or other detrimental environ-
mental effects , re greasing is recommended.
The sealing efficiency at the upper side can
be improved by providing an additional con-
tact or labyrinth seal.

Tolerances

Shaft (inner sleeve) g6

Housing (hub bore) P7

I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I.
I
I
I
I
I
I
I I
I I
-----+ -----
-----, -----

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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

Mounting and dismounting

Reference should be made to the appropriate

mounting and dismounting section of the
SKF General Catalogue, but a more compre-
hensive treatment of the subject will be
found in SKF publication Product Infor-
mation 300, which also contains details of a
variety of specially designed mounting and
dismounting tools.

34
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

Relevant SKF publications

The publications listed below are only a few of many issued by SKF. If
specific problems arise or if information not covered in these publications
is needed, please contact your nearest SKF company or dealer.

PI 106 Spherical roller thrust bearings of E design

PI 108 Full complement cylindrical roller bearings
PI 115 Sealing and spacing washers
PI 300 Methods and tools for mounting and dismounting rolling bearings
PI 302 Precautions when mounting rolling bearings

3135 RKS slewing rings

3200 General Catalogue

Ball Bearing Journal

A quarterly review of rolling bearing engineering.
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SKF Knowledge Library – For internal use only

© Copyright SKF 1983

Every care has been taken to ensure the
accuracy of the information contained in this
publication but no liability can be accepted
for any errors or omissions.

Publication 3217 E
Reg. 835 I · 5 000 · 1983-04

Printed in Sweden by Elanders