CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents about the research background, the research problems, the

research objectives, the scope and limitation, the research significance, and the

definition of key terms. Each section is presented as bellow.

1.1 Research Background

Figurative language is one of language style that express the feeling of the writer

in a language that has different meaning from the literal meaning. According to

Dancygier and Sweetser (2014), figurative language is a text that has the function of

expressing an idea in particular language and have aesthetic meaning. The writer uses

figurative in expressing their idea in order to beautify the language. Figurative can be

be found in various kind of literature such as movie, poem, song, and many more. In

this research, the researcher analyze the figurative language in poem.

Poem is one of literary work that filled by the expression of the poet with artistic

essential. Based on Carlyle (in Pradopo, 2010:6), a poem is a collection of beautiful

word that structured in excellent way. The poet put their idea and feeling which is full

of imagination in a beautiful word that can touch the feeling of the reader. Poem itself

is one of literary work that has many figurative language. The poet uses figurative

language in their poem in order to exaggerate the reader feeling and emotion.

The research of figurative language has been investigated by several researcher.

Such as a research conducted by Yatma in 2015 entitled “A study on figurative

language used in short stories written by O. Henry”that found thirty figurative

language with simile as the dominant one. Then, a research investigated by Khoiriyah

(2016) entitled “An Analysis of Figurative Language used in movie script Frozen”. It
found that there is ten figurative language with repetition is the most common

figurative language that used.

This research is focusing on investigating figurative language in the newest book

of Najwa Zebian entitled “The Sparks of Phoenix”. The Spark of Phoenix is a poem

book wrote by Najwa Zebian, a Lebanese-Canadian author, educator, speaker,

and activist. In this book, the poet wrote to empower those who have been made

to feel ashamed, silenced, or afraid; she urges them, through gentle advice and

personal revelation, to raise their voices, rise up, and soar.

In this research, the researcher is interesting in analyzing the figurative language

in the newest book of Najwa Zebian entitled “The Sparks of Phoenix” so that it will

exhibits how Najwa Zebian exaggerate the feeling and emotion of the reader, and how

it motivated them. As a result, the researcher settled “An Analysis of Figurative

Language in Najwa Zebia Book Entitled ‘The Sparks of Phoenix’” as the title in

this research.

1.2 Research Problem

The research problem of this research is stated as follows:

a. What is the figurative language used by Najwa Zebian in her poem?

b. What is the meaning of figurative language used by Najwa Zebian in her poem?

c. What is the most common figurative language used by Najwa Zebian in her poem

1.3 Research Objectives

According to the research problems, the objective of the research is stated as

follows:

a. To know the figurative language used by Najwa Zebian in her poem.

b. To comprehend the meaning of figurative language used by Najwa Zebian in

 her poem

c. To determine the most common figurative language used by Najwa Zebian in

her poem

1.4 Research Significant

The results of this study are expected to give an advantage on the readers so that

the readers can enrich their knowledge regarding to types of figurative language and

what the different among them. Then, the researcher also hope that this research can

contribute to the future researcher on their research.

1.5 Scope and Limitation

The scope of this research is the figurative language used by Najwa Zebian poem

. Then, for the limitation of this research is analyzing the figurative language, the

meaning of figurative language, the most common figurative language used by Najwa

Zebian in her three poem, inside the newest book entitled “The Sparks of Phoenix”.

1.6 Definition of Key Terms

The definition of the key terms of this research are illustrated as follows:

a. Figurative Language is a text that has the function of expressing an idea in

particular language and have aesthetic meaning. (Dancygier and Sweetser,

2014).

b. Poem is one of literary work that filled by the expression of the poet with

artistic essential. Based on Carlyle (in Pradopo, 2010:6)

c. The Spark of Phoenix is a poem book wrote by Najwa Zebian, a Lebanese-

Canadian author, educator, speaker, and activist.