If A  B  c   then prove the following:

1 Sin2 A  Sin2 B  Sin2C  4SinA.SinB.SinC

2 Cos 2 A  Cos 2 B  Cos 2C  1  4CosA.CosB.CosC

A B C
3 SinA  SinB  SinC  4Cos .Cos .Cos
2 2 2
A B C
4 CosA  CosB  CosC  1  4 Sin .Sin .Sin
2 2 2

5 TanA  TanB  TanC  TanATanB

. .TanC

6 CotA.CotB  CotB.CotC  CotC.CotA  1

A B B C C A
7 Tan .Tan  Tan .Tan  Tan .Tan  1
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C A B C
8 Cot  Cot  Cot  Cot .Cot .Cot
2 2 2 2 2 2
Sin 2 A  Sin 2 B  Sin 2C A B C
9  8.Sin .Sin .Sin
SinA  SinB  SinC 2 2 2

10

11.

12.
Sol:

10.
11.

12
1.

Sol:

2.

Sol:
3.

Jensen’s inequality
To be Remembered:
a 2  b2
1:  ab
2

a 3  b3  c 3
2:  abc (Jensen rule)
3

Proof: we know that (a  b)2  0

Hence a 2  b 2  2ab
Important result to remember:

Let in triangle ABC, coordinates of vertices are given as A  ( x1 , y1 ) B  ( x2 , y2 ) C  ( x3 , y3 )

x1  x2  x3 y1  y2  y3 
Then centroid of ABC is G, then coordinate of centroid is G   , 
 3 3 
x1  x2  x3 y  y2  y3
Centroid can also be represented as G   Gx , G y  , hence Gx  & Gy  1
3 3

Note: centroid of any triangle will always lie inside of triangle.

Calculation and representation of functional values:

Suppose y = f(x) is some function, then we can say that for some points x1 , x2 , x3 ,......... , we
get values of y, which can we represented as given below,
if x  x1 then y  f ( x1 ) , hence point  x1 , f ( x1 )  will lie on y = f(x)

if x  x2 then y  f ( x2 ) , hence point  x2 , f ( x2 )  will lie on y = f(x)

And so on, in general we can say that,

if x  xk then y  f ( xk ) , hence point  xK , f ( xk )  will lie on y = f(x), where k is natural number.

For example, lets see below graph of y = f(x)

coordinates of points A, B, C are given as A  ( x1 , y1 ) B  ( x2 , y2 ) C  ( x3 , y3 )

where y1  f ( x1 ) , y2  f ( x2 ) , y3  f ( x3 ) .

Important result for concave and convex curve known as Jensen’s inequality

Here we have taken a concave down curve (also known as concave curve).
We have taken y = Sinx or f(x) = Sinx
coordinates of points A, B, C are given as A  ( x1 , y1 ) B  ( x2 , y2 ) C  ( x3 , y3 )

where y1  f ( x1 ) , y2  f ( x2 ) , y3  f ( x3 ) .

Hence we can also write coordinates of ABC as A  ( x1 , Sinx1 ) B  ( x2 , Sinx2 ) C  ( x3 , Sinx3 )

G is centroid of triangle ABC, then coordinates of centroid is G   Gx , G y 

x1  x2  x3 Sinx1  Sinx2  Sinx3

Gx  & Gy 
3 3

From diagram we can say that

OP  Gx & PG  G y
Therefore, coordinates of point Q will be (OP , PQ ) .

PQ  Sin(Gx )

We can also say from diagram that PG  PQ

G y  Sin (Gx )

Sinx1  Sinx2  Sinx3 x x x 

Hence  Sin  1 2 3 
3  3 

Provided x1 , x2 , x3 lie between 0 to  .

Now if we take x1 , x2 , x3 as angles of some triangle PQR then x1  x2  x3  

Sinx1  Sinx2  Sinx3  

So, we get  Sin  
3 3 

3 3
Sinx1  Sinx2  Sinx3 
2

Prove the following:

3 3
1 If A, B, C are angles of a triangle then Prove that SinA  SinB  SinC 
2
3
2 If A, B, C are angles of a triangle then Prove that CosA  CosB  CosC 
2

3 If A, B, C are angles of a triangle then Prove that CotA  CotB  CotC  3

4 If A, B, C are angles of an acute angle triangle then Prove that

TanA  TanB  TanC  3 3

Proof with the help of MI: