BREAST SELF-EXAMINATION

Breast Self- Examination

• A valuable tool by which women learn the

appearance and feel of their own breasts
• Performed 5-7 days after the menstrual period
(Premenopausal)
• Menopausal- select the same day each month
for BSE
2 parts of BSE

1. Inspection
2. Palpation
Inspection

• Stand in front of the mirror

• Inspect for:
Skin changes
Redness
Visible bumps
Nipple crusting
Symmetry
 Inspection

• Raise arms up and inspect

Breast should rise evenly
Watch for dimpling and
retraction
 Palpation

• Raise the arm

• Feel with the opposite hand
• Pay special attention on the upper
outer quadrant
 Palpation

• Performed with the pads of the

fingers
Tips too sensitive
Palm too insensitive
 Palpation

• Move fingers in small circles,

about the size of a dime

• Feel for thickenings the size

of a marble
 Palpation

• Work your way around the

breast in a clockwise fashion,
using small circles of the
hand as you go.

• Feel the entire breast

 Palpation

• Feel the armpit

• Use the same circular motions.
• Feel for breast lumps and
lymph nodes.
• Enlarged lymph nodes are
about the size of a pencil
eraser, but longer and thinner.
 Palpation
• Assess for nipple discharge
• Strip the ducts towards the nipple.
• Normally, one or two drops of
clear, milky or green-tinged
secretions.
• Should not be bloody or in large
quantity, squirting out or staining
the inside of a bra.
Testicular Self -Examination

• Performed to detect
testicular cancer early

• Performed once a month

• Ideally for men over the

age of 14
• Best performed during or
after a bath or shower
• Skin of the scrotum is
relaxed
• Stand in front of the
mirror and look for
swelling

Testicular Self -‐Examination

Testicular Self -Examination

• Hold the penis out of the way and check one

testicle at a time
• Feel for any hard lumps or smooth rounded
bumps
• Assess for changes in size, shape or consistency
of the testicles.
 Testicular Self -Examination
1.Gather equipment (clean gloves) 2.Introduce yourself and
verify client’s identity
3. Explain the procedure, why it is necessary and how he can cooperate
4.Perform hand hygiene and wear gloves 5.Provide privacy.
Request the presence of another
person if needed.
6. Cover the pelvic are with a sheet
7. Inspect the scrotum for appearance, general size and symmetry
8. Ask the client to hold the penis out of the way
Testicular Self -Examination

9. Cup testicles
It’snormal that
one is lower than
the other

• Firm but not hard

 TESTICULAR SELF EXAM

10. Check one testicle at a time

- Hold the testicle between
the thumb and fingers
- Gently roll the testicle
between your index and thumb
- Feel for any lumps, bumps
or painful areas
- Don’t squeeze too hard

7
 TESTICULAR SELF EXAM

11. At the back you’ll feel the epididymis

12. Feel up the spermatic cord
13. Document findings

8
 OTHER SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR

• Any enlargement of a testicle

• A significant loss of size in one of the
testicles
• A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
• A dull ache in the lower abdomen or in the
groin
• A sudden collection of fluid in the
scrotum
Chemo drug computation
Chemo drug computation
 Chemo drug computation

BSA of patient:
Wt = 27.2 Kg
Ht= 91 cm
 Chemo drug computation

1. Doxorubin
 Dose = 25mg/m2
 BSA of patient is 0.83 m2

Required dose based on BSA of a patient

25mg /㎡ x 0.83㎡
=20.75 mg
 2. DOXORUBIN

BSA of Patient: • ㎡= √45.5 x144.8

Dose= 25mg/㎡
HT. 4’9” 3,600
wt. 100 lbs • ㎡= √6,588.5
Ht. = 4 ft x 12 in 3,600
=48 in +9 in =57 in
57 in x 2.54cm = 144.78 cm • ㎡= √1.830138
• ㎡=1.3528
100 lbs / 2.2 kg/lb = 45.5 kg • ㎡=1.35 BSA
 2. DOXORUBIN

DOSE = 25mg/㎡
BSA of patient =1.35 BSA ㎡
Rquired dose based on BSA of a patient
Mrs. Bones
= 25 mg /㎡ x 1.35 ㎡
=33.75 mg
Dr. Jennifer C. Carulla, PhD, MAN, RN, RM