Mahesa Institute 1

UNIT 1
LET'S DESCRIBE OUR ROOM

A. Overview of Grammatical use in Speaking

1. The common use of tenses in speaking
2. How to make a verbal and nominal sentence
e.g. Meta is staying at home.
Rio is at home.

B. Study this conversation.

Rini is telling Rio, her older brother, about her new class.
Rio : Today is your first day at the elementary school, isn't it?
Rini : Yeah, I like it very much, especially my classroom.
Rio : Really, how is it like?
Rini : The room is big. There are many chairs and tables in the room. The
white board is in front of the students. I like many pictures on the
wall

C. Preposition
In : di dalam Among : di antara
On : di atas Between : di antara
Above : di atas In the back of : di bagian belakang
Under : di bawah Behind : di belakang
Beside : di samping In the front of : di bagian depan
Next to : di samping In front of : di depan
Now, can you mention everything in your room and describe the position?
You can use these patterns:
1. The book is on the table.
2. There is the book on the table.

D. Exercise
The teacher will give you limited time and write 10 sentences to describe your
room now.
1………………………………. 5…………………………… 9………………………
2………………………………. 6…………………………… 10…………………….
3………………………………. 7……………………………
4…………………………….... 8……………………………

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Now you should try to describe another room at your house.

WHERE ?
Where are the mice ?
In front of under in behind
Next to on top of on between

Examples :
1. There’s a mouse in the cupboard
2. There’s a mouse behind the door
3. ………………………………………………………………….
4. ………………………………………………………………….
5. ………………………………………………………………….
6. ………………………………………………………………….
7. ………………………………………………………………….
8. ………………………………………………………………….
9. ………………………………………………………………….
10. ………………………………………………………………….

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 UNIT 2
NUMBER
A. Focus on how to make a good question
1. Yes / no question
e.g. Do you have a watch?
Are you happy?
2. Information question
e.g. What child are you?
How many times did you call her yesterday?

B. The example of speaking.

Ricky : Rita, what’s date today ? Do you have a calendar ?
Rita : Yes, I do. Today is 5th March.
Ricky : Today is your birthday, isn’t it ?
Rita : Oh yeah. I almost forget
Ricky : Happy birthday Rita
Rita : Oh, thanks, Ricky
Ricky : When were you born ?
Rita : I was born on March 1984
Ricky : Well, now, your age is 18 years old, isn’t it ?
Rita : That’s right. Thanks Ricky
C. Kinds of number
I. Cardinal Number ( bilangan masa )
1 = one 19 = nineteen
2 = two 20 = twenty
3 = three 30 = thirty
4 = four 40 = Forty
5 = five 50 = Fifty
6 = six 60 = Sixty
7 = seven 70 = Seventy
8 = eighth 80 = eighty
9 = nine 90 = ninety
10 = ten 100 = one hundred
11 = eleven 101 = one hundred and one
12 = twelve 105 = one hundred and five
13 = thirteen 125 = one hundred and twenty five
14 = fourteen 1000 = one thousand
15 = fifteen 1000.000 = one million
16 = sixteen 1000.000.000 = one billion

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 17 = seventeen 1000.000.000.000 = one trillion

II. Ordinal Number ( Bilangan bertingkat )

1st = first 20th = twentieth
2nd = second 30th = thirtieth
3rd = third 40th = fortieth
4th = forth 50th = fiftieth
5th = fifth 60th = sixtieth
6th = sixth 70th = seventieth
7th = seventh 80th = eightieth
8th = eighth 90th = ninetieth
9th = ninth 21st = twenty – first
10th = tenth 22nd = twenty – second
11th = eleventh 33rd = thirty – third
12th = twelfth 45th = forty - fifth
13th = thirteenth 100th = one hundredth
14th = fourteenth 101st = one hundred and first
15th = fifteenth 109th = one hundred and ninth
16th = sixteenth 121st = one hundred and twenty
first
17th = seventeenth 1000th = one thousandth
18th = eighteenth 1000.000th = one millionth
19th = nineteenth

III. Multiplicative Number

Once = satu kali Nine times = sembilan kali
Twice = dua kali Ten times = sepuluh kali
Three times = tiga kali Eleven times = sebelas kali
Four times = empat kali Twenty times = dua puluh kali
Five times = lima kali One hundred times = seratus kali
Six times = enam kali One thousand times = seribu kali
Seven times = tujuh kali Many times = berkali – kali

IV. Fractions and decimal number

½ = a half / one – second
1/3 = a third / one – third
¼ = a quarter / a fourth / one - fourth
2/8 = two – eighths
3 ½ = three and one – second
3/4 = three quarters
3/462 = three over four – six – two
20/83 = twenty over eighty three

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 3.33 = three point three three
0.75 = ( nought ) point seven five

V. Simple arithmetic
a. Addition
5 + 5 = 10 . five and five are ten
. five plus five equals ten
. five plus five is ten
b. Subtraction
10 – 5 = 5 . ten minus five equals five
. ten minus five is five
c. Multiplication
10 x 10 = 100 . ten multiplied by ten is one hundred
. ten times ten equals one hundred
. ten times ten is one hundred
d. Division
10 : 5 = 2 . ten divided by five equals two
. ten divided by five is two
D. Read and practice
 How many brothers and sisters do you have ?
 How many cars do you buy ?
 How much money do you have ?
 How much does it cost ? It costs …….
 What child are you ? I am ….. child
 When were you born ? I was born on 16th of February 1981
 How old are you now ? I am … years old
 What date is your birthday ? It is on ……
 What date is today ? Today is 3rd of April 2008
 What date was yesterday ? It was April 2nd, 2008
 What semester are you now ? I am ….
 What is your phone number ?
 What is the size of your shoes ?
 How tall are you ? I am … cm
 What is your weight ? My weight is …. kg
 How many times do you take a bath everyday ?
 How many kilometers is Surabaya from here ?
 How many times do you fall in love in your life ?
 What is three times four ? It is twelve
 How old is your father ? He is … years old

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 UNIT 3
DAILY ACTIVITY
A. When we talk about daily activity, we use
“ Simple Present “.
B. Read the text below and fill the missing words !
Plays gets up has enjoys takes
Goes reads have likes has
Goes watches takes works
Barbara’s Daily Activity
Barbara is a doctor. She …… in a public hospital in town. Everyday
she …… at 04.30 then she ….. a bath. To keep her health, she
usually …. sport every morning. She …. going cycling with her
husband. At 06.20, she ….. breakfast with her family. After that she
….. to her office by car. It takes about 20 minutes to get there. She
usually ….. home at 01.30 in the afternoon. Then she directly …..
a nap. At 04.00 she often …. tennis with her friends. After having
dinner, she always ….. television with her husband. On Sundays, she
and her family usually …. picnic to the beach. Sometimes, she ….
book to spend her spare time. Barbara …. her daily activities very
much.

C. Expressions you can use :

 What do you do everyday ?
 What time do you usually go to bed everyday ?
 What time do you usually get up everyday ?
 What do you do after getting dress ?
 How many times do you eat everyday ?
 What do you usually have for breakfast ?
 Where do you usually have lunch ?
 With whom do you usually have dinner ?
 What do you like to do in your spare time ?
 Do you like to go somewhere on your weekend ?
 What do you usually do on Saturday night ?
 What do you usually do on Sunday morning ?

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D. The example of speaking
Martha : Hello, Jhane. Good morning
Jhane : Good morning, Martha
Martha : How are you today ?
Jhane : I’m fine. So how about you ?
Martha : Fine, thanks OK, Jhane. Do you mind if I ask you to have
small talk with me ?
Jhane : It’s OK ! because I have class at 08.30 and now the time
still 08.20. So, we have time for about 10 minutes.
Martha : What time do you get up every day, Jhane ?
Jhane : I usually get up at 04.30
Martha : Do you get up at 04.30 every day ?
Jhane : No, sometimes I don’t get up until 05.00 o’clock
Martha : What do you do after you get up ?
Jhane : After get up, I get dressed and have breakfast.
Martha : What do you usually have for breakfast ?
Jhane : I have cereal, toast or fried rice, warm tea and fresh water
Martha : Where do you usually have breakfast ?
Jhane : I have breakfast in a restaurant or in “ Mak canteen “ food
store near my boarding house.
Martha : And then what ? What do you do after you have breakfast ?
Jhane : After breakfast I go to study
Martha : What time do you begin to study ?
Jhane : I usually begin to study at 08.30, but sometimes I get to my
school earlier.
Martha : OK, Jhane see you tomorrow
Jhane : See you, too, Martha

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 UNIT 4
WHAT DID YOU DO YESTERDAY?
A. When we talk about past, we use “ Simple Past “

B. Read this dialogue

Joe : Where did you go yesterday ?
Paul : I went fishing
Joe : Did you get some fish ?
Paul : Not really, but it was great. I enjoyed fishing. How about
you ?
Joe : I was at home all day
C. Here are some expressions you are
Asking past activities answering
What did you do ….. ? I went shopping
I just stayed at home
Did you have a nice time / Yes, I did. It was very
weekend interesting
Did you do anything special ? ……………………………
…………………………………….. ……………………………
…………………………………….. ……………………………

D. Class activity
Now talk about things that happened to you. Use complete
sentences.
Example : Talk about somewhere you went last holiday, I
went to my grandmother’s house with my
parents. We went there by car. We stayed there
3 days.
Please talk about :
1. Somebody you spoke to yesterday
2. Somebody you met last night
3. A place you visited last year
4. Something you heard on the radio this morning ?
5. Something you enjoyed last weekend

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 UNIT 5
ADVICE AND SUGGESTION
A. Focus on how to use modal function in Advisability
and Suggestion

1. Advisability
Should / Ought to one solution
e.g. You should go home now.
Had better There is a warning on your solution you give
E.g. You had better go home or your father will be angry.
2. Suggestion
Could more than one solution
e.g. You could go home or stay in the hotel for one night.

B. Read this conversation

A : You seem troubled. Is anything the matter ?
B : Yes, as a matter of fact. I’ve been having this pain in my chest
lately.
A : Well, can I offer you some advice ?
B : Sure, what ?
A : I think you should see a doctor
B : You’re probably right

C. Here are some expressions you need

A. Asking for advice
Would you advise me to …… Maukah kamu menasehatiku
untuk …..

What do you think I should …. Apa yang kamu pikir seharusnya

aku …..
Which ….. should I …… ….. yang mana yang seharusnya
saya ……
Can you advise me …… Bisa kamu menasehatiku …….
Can you give me any advice on … Bisakah kamu memberiku nasehat
……

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 B. Giving and offering advice
You should / shouldn’t ….. Kamu seharusnya / seharusnya
tidak ……
You’d better ( not ) ….. Kamu sebaiknya / sebaiknya tidak
……
Can I offer you some advice ….. Bisakah saya tawarkan beberapa
nasehat …..
I’d suggest …… Saya menyarankan …..

Can I offer you some advices?

1. You seem troubled / upset.

You don’t seem to be
yourself today.
2. the matter
wrong
bothering you
3. some advice
a piece of advice
a suggestion
4. I think you should / ought
to …..
I / I’d suggest that you
…..
I / I’d suggest ….. ing
If I were you, I’d …..
It seems to me ( that ) you
should …..
A. You seem troubled. (1) Is anything the Don’t you think you
matter ? (2) should ….. ?
B. Yes, as a matter of fact. I’ve been having Don’t you think it would /
this pain in my chest lately. might be a good idea to
A. Well, can I offer you some advices? (3) ….. ?
B. Sure. What ?
A. I think you should (4) see a doctor
B. You’re probably right.

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 UNIT 6
FUTURE PLAN
A. When we talk about future, we use “ Simple Future “.

B. Study this conversation

A : Where are you going for your holiday ?
B : I plan to go to France
A : And what are you going to do there ?
B : I am going to stay there for about a week and visit some
tourism places.
A : It’s great holiday

C. Here are some expressions you use for asking future

plan, you can use The Simple Future especially “ be
going to “.
Asking
Are you going to continue your
study ?
What are you going to do next
Sunday ?
Do you plan to …..
Do you have anything planned
( fixed up ) for next holiday ?
Answer
I am going to continue to
Airlangga University
I am going to tidy up my house
I plan to …..
I’ve planned / fixed up to go
camping for next holiday ?

D. Class activity
Now, please tell to the class about what you are going to do.
 tomorrow
 next Sunday
 5 years in the future
What are you going to be ?
Where are you going to live ?
What are you going to have ?

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 DAILY ACTIVITY VOCABULARIES
VERB

To awake : membangunkan
To awaken : membangkitkan
To wake up : membangunkan, bangun
To get up : bangun

To preach : mengajarkan, berkhotbah

To have down prayer : sholat Subuh
To have a midday prayer : sholat Dzuhur
To have a afternoon prayer : sholat Ashar
To have a west prayer : sholat Magrib

To brush up ( lesson ) : mengulangi

To exercise : berolahraga
To get / do exercise : berolahraga
To take a bath : mandi
To take a shower : mandi

To drink : minum
To have / eat breakfast : sarapan pagi
To have / eat lunch : makan siang
To have / eat dinner : makan malam

To go steady : berpacaran
To go along : ikut serta
To go on : melanjutkan
To go out : pergi keluar
To go out with : bergaul

To go home : pulang
To go back : kembali
To go up : meningkat, naik
To go down : turun
To go ahead : pergi duluan

To oversleep : bangun kesiangan

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To fall asleep : tertidur
To tidy up : membereskan, merapikan,
mengatur
To take ritual ablution : berwudlu
To pray : berdo’a, sholat

To have an evening prayer : sholat Isya’

To have optional prayer : sholat sunnat
To have optional midnight prayer : sholat Tahajut
To have recite ( holy text ) : membaca
To read : membaca

To brush : menyikat, menyeka

To dress : berpakaian, berdandan
To comb : menyisir
To make up : berhias
To put on one’s make up : berdandan ( merias muka )

To have supper : makan malam

To prepare : menyiapkan, menyediakan
To go to school : pergi ke sekolah
To go to class : masuk sekolah, kursus
To go shopping : berbelanja

To go away : pergi, berangkat

To go in : masuk
To go through : mengalami
To go together : pergi bersama – sama
To go with : berpacaran

To go well : berjalan lancar

To go with stream : ikut – ikutan
To leave : berangkat, pergi
To arrive : tiba, sampai
To study : belajar

To learn : belajar
To attend a lecture : mengikuti kuliah
To carry out : mengadakan, melaksanakan
To hold : mengadakan
To discuss : berdiskusi

To get off : turun ( dari mobil )

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To return : kembali, pulang
To sleep : tidur
To take a rest : beristirahat
To take a nap : tidur siang

To work : bekerja
To water : menyiram
To bring : membawa
To take : mengambil
To bring / accompany : mengantar

Bathe : memandikan
To wash : mencuci
To drain the water tub : menguras bak mandi
To dry the clothes : menjemur
To iron / press : menyetrika

To cook : memasak
To fry : menggoreng
To serve : menghidangkan
To turn on : menghidupkan
To turn off : mematikan

To decorate : menghias
To soak : merendam
To rinse : membilas
To buy : membeli
To sell : menjual, berdagang

To swim : berenang
To roast : membakar
To pour : menuangkan
To spill : tertumpah
To lit : menyalakan

To pump : memompa
To pay : membayar
To owe : berhutang
To grind : menumbuk
To urinate : kencing

To explain : menjelaskan

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To cycle : bersepeda
To drive : mengendarai
To ride a bicycle : mengendarai
T get on : naik

To watch : menonton
To help : membantu
To fetch / pick up : menjemput
To write : menulis
To cry : menangis

To sweep : menyapu
To mop : mengepel
To dust : mengelap
To clean : membersihkan
To scrub to floor : mengepel

To mend / fix / repair : memperbaiki

To boil : merebus
To bail : menimba
To scoop the water : menimba
To cook : menanak

To turn down : mengecilkan

To hang : menggantung
To lock : mengunci
To open : membuka
To shut : menutup

To borrow : meminjam
To lend : meminjami
To visit : berkunjung, bertamu
To invite : mengundang
To ask out : mengajak

To peel : mengupas
To paint : mengecat
To throw away : membuang
To feed : memberi makan
To spray : menyemprot

To go to the restroom : buang air

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To go to the bathroom : buang air
To go to the John : buang air
To defecate : buang air besar
To relieve one self : buang air besar

To dream : mimpi, membayangkan

To daydream : melamun
To imagine : menghayal
To drop in : mampir
To call at / on : mampir

To consist of : terdiri atas

To mail : memposkan
To quarrel : bertengkar / cekcok
To put : menaruh
To maintain : mempertahankan
: memelihara

To satisfy : memuaskan
To differentiate : membedakan
To distinguish : membedakan
To fall in love : jatuh cinta
To have pity on : menaruh kasihan

To look for / seek : mencari

To look up : mencari ( dalam kamus dsb )
To look around : melihat – lihat
To look down ( up ) on : memandang rendah
To look in : singgah

To send : mengirim
To send for : memanggil
To send away : mengusir
To resign : mengundurkan diri
To resist : menentang, melawan

To cheat : menyontek, menipu

To treat : mentraktir, memperlakukan
To put forward : mengemukakan
To regret : menyesal
To inform : memberitahukan

To move : bergeser

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To cheer up : menghibur
To change : merubah
To move back : mundur
To sit : duduk

To perpetuate : mengabadikan
To ignore : mengabaikan
To deny : menyangkal
To dedicate : mengabdi, mengabdikan
To raise : mengacungkan

To stand in line : antri

To queue : antri
To comply with : mengabulkan, memenuhi
To fulfill : mengabulkan, memenuhi
To depend on : tergantung pada

To cling / insist on : berpegang teguh pada …..

To insist : menuntut
To demand : menuntut
To laugh at : menertawakan
To look after : mengawasi, mengurus

To look out : berhati – hati

To look over : mengamati
To look at : melihat kepada
To pay attention : menaruh perhatian
To rely on : mengandalkan

To secure : menjamin / menyelamatkan

To guarantee : menjamin
To send in : memasukkan
To take or put outside : mengeluarkan
To chat : mengobrol, bercakap – cakap

To try : mencoba
To practice : berlatih
To give : memberi
To give up : menyerah, berhenti
To realize : menyadari

To motivate : mendorong
To suppose : mengira

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To surge : melanda, menggelora
To back up : mendukung
To support : mendukung

To hand in : menyerahkan
To last : berlangsung
To make excuses : mengada – ada
To exchange ideas : bertukar pikiran
To excite : membangkitkan gairah,
menggairahkan

To eject : mengusir
To elect : memilih
To confuse : mencampuradukan (mengacaukan)
To stir : mengaduk ( tea )
To persuade : membujuk

To adapt : menyesuaikan diri

To adjourn : menunda
To conclude : menyimpulkan
To confess : mengakui
To take over : mengambil alih

To accommodate : menampung
To take care of : mengurus, mengawasi
To watch out for : mengawasi ( sepeda )
To preserve : mengawetkan

To decide : memutuskan
To decease : meninggal dunia
To pass away : meninggal dunia
To die : meninggal dunia
To divide : membagi

To put at a risk : membahayakan

To reply to : membalas ( menjawab )
To repay : membalas ( budi )
To take revenge : membalas dendam
To compare : membandingkan

To enter : memasuki, mencatat

To enrich : memperkaya
To increase : memperbanyak

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To eradicate : membasmi (malaria ), menghapus
To emphasize : menekankan

To appoint : menunjuk, mengangkat

To doubt : menyangsikan, ragu
To acknowledge : mengakui
To refuse : menolak
To reduce : mengurangi

To operate : menjalankan
To offer : menawarkan
To offend : menyakiti hati
To disturb / bother : mengganggu
To tease : menggoda

To ask for a date : mengajak kencan

To consult : berkonsultasi
To end : mengakhiri
To add : menambah
To accustom : membiasakan

To gain favor of : mengambil hati

To threaten : mengancam
To consider : menganggap
To take lightly : menganggap enteng
To demean : menganggap rendah

To stand : berdiri, betah

To stay up : begadang
To steal : mencuri
To deceive : membohongi, memperdayakan

To fold : melipat
To divorce : bercerai
To divert : menggelapkan, menyelewengkan
To please : mempersilahkan
To talk over : membahas
To inspire : mengilhami
To argue : membantah, memperdebatkan
To enlarge : memperluas
To enlist : memperoleh
To enjoy : menikmati

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To order : memesan
To equalize : menyamakan
To register : mendaftarkan
To equip : melengkapi
To lose : menghilang
To go a head : pergi dulu
To overtake : menyusul ( mobil )
To catch up with : meyusul
To oblige : mengharuskan
To obligate : wajib, harus
To flatter : menyanjung
To complicate : mempersulit
To whistle : bersiul
To abbreviate : menyingkat
To satirize : menyindir

ADJECTIVE

Annoying : menjengkelkan
Disgusting : menjijikkan
Wonderful : luar biasa
Embarrassing : memalukan
Excellent : istimewa
Complicated : sulit
Sophisticated : canggih
Economical : hemat
Wasteful : boros
Careless : ceroboh
Satisfied : puas
Anxious : gelisah
Fragrant : harum
Sulked : ngambek
Exhausted : lelah
Hopeless : putus asa
Sickly : sakit – sakitan
Comfortable : nyaman
Suitable : cocok

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 REFERENCES
1. Azar, Betty Scrampfer,1998.Understanding and Using
English Grammar.Prentice Hall Regents:New Jersey.

2. Bray,Terry.1993.English for Through Picture.Dominic

Press:San Diego.

3. Collie,Joanne and Ladousse,GP.1991.Paths into

Poetry.Oxford University Press:Hongkong.

4. Hunter,Lynne and Hofbauer, Cynthia

Swanson.1989.Adventures in Conversation.Prentice
Hall:New Jersey.

5. Hyzer,Keesia Harrison,Niedermeier,Ann Marie and

Church, Mary Mitchell.1991.Beyond the
Beginning.Prentice Hall Regents:New Jersey.

6. Keller,Eric and Warner,Sylvia T.1988.Conversation

Gambits.Language Teaching Publications:Canada.

7. Molinsky, Steven J and Bliss,Bill.1986.Express Ways

English Communication.Prentice Hall:New Jersey.

8. Tillit, Bruce and Bruder, Mary Newton.1985.Speaking

Naturally.Cambridge University Press:United State of
America.

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