Life and Works of Rizal

Name: John Carlo M. Blanco

Yr/Sec: BS/IT-2D

Activity #1:
Direction: Student’s will be divided into two (2) groups and be provided with a topic to be
discussed. Short Critique paper for group 1, the current news or events pertaining to social, political,
economic and cultural changes of the Philippines in the 19th century. The activity will be presented through
a flow chart and Editorial writing for group 2, create an editorial about the social, political, economic and
cultural changes of the Philippines in the 19th century. Your editorial must be in a newspaper format. Watch on
YouTube and search in Google on how to create Critique paper and Editorial for your guide. Each student will
submit individual work.
THE CONDITION IN THE 19TH CENTURY

Introduction:

Name of the Author: John Carlo M. Blanco

General Overview:

It contains about the different aspect of Philippine life during the 19 th Century.

Body:

The subject discusses the lives of Filipinos during the Spanish era. The goal of this topic is to educate
people on what happened during that historical period. The topic depicts the state of our fellow Filipino and their
activities at that time.

The world in the 19th century underwent tremendous societal transformations, particularly in the areas of
abolition of slavery, urbanization, and the Industrial Revolution. The galleon trade was gradually phased out of
the Philippine economy in the 19 th century. Manila was opened to other merchants without restriction in the
mid-1830’s, resulting in a surge in demand for Philippine goods like as abaca and sugar, which was further
boosted by inauguration of the Suez Canal in 1896. Many families benefited from the overseas trade of products
and were able to send their sons to Europe to further their education.

In the 19th century, the Spanish colonial educational goals were to promote Christianity, the Spanish
language, and the imposition of Spanish culture.
 During that period, the Spanish developed an educational system in which the curriculum was
religiously based. Spanish missionaries act as both teachers and tutors, with a curriculum centered on
Christian doctrine, prayers, and sacred hymns. Only the brightest students received the 3Rs. During this time,
education was only available to the wealthy, and it was considered a privilege rather than a right. Also teach
catechism to the natives. Basic education in Spain was provided through schools run by parish church
converts, who stressed on rote learning such as individual memorization and only had three grade levels:
entrada, acenso, and termino. Reading, writing, and religion were all emphasized in the Spanish curriculum.
The Christian religion, values, history, mathematics, agriculture, etiquette, steno, singing, world geography,
and Spanish history were all part of the Spanish curriculum. At the time, Filipinos were among Asia's best
educated people.

During the nineteenth century, the Philippines had a feudalistic society with an encomienda system.
The Spaniards collected taxes and tributes from the Filipinos and even compelled them to work in forced
labor camps run by the Catholic Church and the government. The Spanish authorities, Peninsulare, insulares,
and friars were also among the top class at the time. The lowest class was then referred to as indios, or
natives, who were poor natives with pure Filipino blood. The highest-ranking official in the Philippines
throughout the 19th century was the government general, who was the king's representative. The second is
the residencia, a special judicial court that investigates the governor general's performance. The third is the
visita or visitador – a general who comes to observe the country's situation. Finally, during Spanish times, the
real audencia was the highest court in the land, serving as an advisory body to the governor-general and
checking and reporting his excesses.

Conclusion:

In overall the topic focuses in the life of the Filipino during the 19 th century which have a good impact
and a negative impact. While reading it I learn something and the economic scene during that time and give a
great result and many families send their sons to study in Europe. Also the educational aims of Spanish during
that time which only about Christianity, Spanish language, and Spanish culture. Thus, the educational system of
the Spanish that time. Also the social structure of the Philippines was a feudalistic society having the
encomienda system and the social status which is the highest class and the lower class. Also tackled about the
governance and politics in the Philippines during the Spanish period which the government general was the
king representative was the highest ranking officials and the Residencia the judicial court that investiage the
performance of the governor general. Thus, the visita which is the one who will observe the conditions in the
country. Lastly the real Audencia which called the highest court in the land during the Spanish times. It well
presented and easy to understand about the topic that teacher give during the presentation.