OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY

DAY ONE: ASEPSIS AND INFECTION CONTROL A.Y. 2021- 2022

FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING PRACTICE ZAPANTA,VIA KRISTEL U.

→ The freedom from TYPE OF MICROORGANSM CAUSING INFECTION

ASEPSIS disease causing 1. Bacteria
microorganisms 2. Fungi
→ The direct result of 3. Parasites
NOSOCOMIAL 4. Virus
diagnostic or
INFECTION
therapeutic
procedures INFECTION
→ Any disease that → Implantation and successful replication of an
COMMUNICABLE spreads from one organism the tissue of the host resulting signs
DISEASE host to another, and symptoms
either directly or DISINFECTION
indirectly → Destruction of pathogenic microorganisms
→ Disease that easily outside the body through direct physical or
CONTAGIOUS chemical means
spreads directly from
DISEASE CONCURRENT
one person to
another → Done while the individual is still the source of
→ Disease not infection
transmitted by TERMINAL
TERMINOLOGIES

ordinary contact but → The patient is no longer the source of infection

require a inoculation QUARANTINE
INFECTIOUS
through a break in → Limitation of the freedom of movement of
DISEASE
previously intact persons or animals which have been exposed
mucous membrane to a communicable disease for a period of
→ All contagious time equivalent to the longest incubation
diseases are period of the disease
infectious diseases RESERVOIR
→ An individual who → Where the infectious agents live
harbors the
organism and is ISOLATION
capable of 1. STRICT ISOLATION
CARRIER transmitting it to a → Prevention of highly contagious or virulent
susceptible host infection
without showing 2. CONTACT ISOLATION
manifestations of the
→ Prevent infections transmitted primarily by
disease
direct contact
→ Any person or animal
3. RESPIRATORY ISOLATION
who is in close
→ Prevent transmission over a short distance
association with an
CONTACT through the air
infected person,
animal, or freshly 4. ENTERIC ISOLATION
soiled material → Prevent the spread through direct contact
from feces
ASEPSIS AND INFECTION CONTROL
MEDICAL Procedures used to reduce
ASEPSIS the number of microbes and
TWO TYPES

prevent spread

SURGICAL Procedures use to eliminate

ASEPSIS any microorganisms (sterile
technique)

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DAY ONE LABORATORY
 OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY
DAY ONE: ASEPSIS AND INFECTION CONTROL A.Y. 2021- 2022
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING PRACTICE ZAPANTA,VIA KRISTEL U.

LEVEL A Self-rebreathing apparatus MODE OF TRANSMISSION

→ Which the infectious agent passes from portal
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE

with garment totally

encapsulated chemical suit of exit to the susceptible host
→ Easiest link to break
EQUIPMENTS

(gives the highest

protection) Direct person-to-person

TRANSMISSION
LEVEL B Positive pressure with non-
Indirect contaminated objects/fomites

CONTACT
encapsulated chemical suit

LEVEL C Air purifying respirator Droplet respiratory secretions that

LEVEL D Standard work clothes spread settles on surfaces
without a respirator

AIR-BORNE TRANSMISSION
→ Microbes remain suspended in the air for
prolonged period

VEHICLE TRANSMISSION
→ Spread through articles or substances that harbor
the microorganism
VECTOR BORNE TRANSMISSION
→ Occurs when intermediate carriers transfer the
microbes to another
o The chain of infection is a way of gathering the
living organism
information needed to interrupt or prevent an
epidemic.
PRIMARY Applied to a client that are
o Each of the links in the chain must be favorable to
PREVENTION healthy
the organism for the epidemic to continue.
Health promotion, health
Breaking any link in the chain can disrupt the
LEVELS OF PREVENTIVE CARE

education, immunization,
epidemic. Which link it is most effective to target
nutrition, physical fitness
will depend on the organism

CAUSITIVE AGENT SECONDARY Focuses on ill sick individuals, and

→ Any microbe capable of producing disease PREVENTION those at risk of developing
(bacteria, virus, fungi protozoa, etc) compilations
Directed towards diagnosis and
RESERVOIR OF INFECTION intervention
→ Where organisms survives and multiplies Screenings, surgery, medications
TERTIARY Focuses on permanent or
PORTAL OF EXIT PREVENTION irreversible disability
→ Path through which organisms leaves the reservoir Minimizing the long-tem effects
of illness
Rehabilitation (PT)

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DAY ONE LABORATORY
 OUR LADY OF FATIMA UNIVERSITY
DAY ONE: ASEPSIS AND INFECTION CONTROL A.Y. 2021- 2022
FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING PRACTICE ZAPANTA,VIA KRISTEL U.

INCUBATION Infection to first signs TRANSMISSION BASED PRECAUTIONS

PERIOD and symptoms 1. AIRBORNE PRECAUTION
→ These are used for microorganisms transmitted by
PRODROMAL Early signs and SMALL PARTICLE DROPLETS that can remain
PERIOD symptoms suspended and become widely dispersed by air
Causative agents starts currents.
PHASES OF ILLNESS

to multiply inside the

body 2. DROPLET PRECAUTION
→ These are used for microorganisms transmitted
PERIOD OF Peak of illness by LARGE PARTICLE DROPELTS through coughing,
ILLNESS Signs and symptoms sneezing or talking which disperse into air
are evident currents.

PERIOD OF Signs and symptoms 3. CONTACT PRECAUTIONS

DECLINE starts to subside → These are used with organism that can be
transmitted by hand or skin to skin contact, such
COVALESCENT Recovery period of the as during client care activities or when touching
PERIOD patient the client’s environmental surfaces or care items.

ISOLATION SYSTEM
TYPES OF PRECAUTION → Refers to techniques used to prevent or to limit
1. STANDARD PRECAUTION the spread of infection
→ “ universal precautions ” applied to all 1. Standard Precautions
clients performed whenever there is a 2. Transmissions-based precautions
possibility of contact with: blood, body 3. Protective Isolation
fluids (except sweat), secretions, mucus o Implemented to prevent infection for
membrane and breaks in skin people whose resistance to
2. CONTACT PRECAUTIONS infection/body defenses are lowered or
→ These are used with organism that can be compromised
transmitted by hand or skin to skin
contact, such as during client care
activities or when touching the client’s
environmental surfaces or care items
3. DROPLET PRECAUTION
→ These are used for microorganisms
transmitted by LARGE PARTICLE
DROPLETS
through coughing, sneezing or talking
which disperse into air currents

4. AIRBORNE PRECAUTION
→ These are used for microorganisms
transmitted by SMALL PARTICLE
DROPLETS that can remain suspended and
become widely dispersed by air currents.

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DAY ONE LABORATORY