Jose Rizal

Jun 28, 1848

•◀︎ Marriage of his parents

Teodora Morales Alonso-Realonda y Quintos, and dad, Francisco Rizal-Mercado y Alejandra, married.

•◀︎
Jun 28, 1848 Dec 30, 1912

The Life and Influence of Rizal

Jun 19, 1861

•◀︎ Birth of Rizal

Rizal was born, as their seventh child.

Jun 22, 1861

•◀︎ Christened
Christened as José Protacio Rizal-Mercado y Alonso-Realonda

•
Jun 22, 1870
◀︎
Studied under Justiniano Aquin Cruz.

Aug 24, 1871

•◀︎ Studied at Kalamba public school under Master Lucas Padua.

At age 10
 Jun 10, 1872

•◀︎ Took exam in San Juan de Letran College

Age 12

•◀︎
Jun 26, 1872

Started strudying at Ateneo Municipal de Manila

•◀︎
Jun 16, 1875

Became a boarder at Ateneo

Mar 23, 1876

•◀︎ RecievedBachelor of Arts (B.A.) degree with highest honors, from Ateneo de
Manila.

•
Jul 20, 1877
◀︎
Entered Sto. Tomás University in the Philosophy course.

Nov 19, 1877

•◀︎ Awarded diploma of honorable mention and merit by the Royal Economic Society
of Friends of the Country, Amigos del País for his prized poem.

Jun 23, 1878

•◀︎ Matriculated in the medical course. Won Liceo Artistico-Literario prize, in poetical
competition for “Indians and Mestizos”, with the poem “To the Philippine Youth”.

Apr 23, 1880

•◀︎ Received Licco Artístico-Literario diploma of honorable mention for the allegory,
“The Council of the Gods”, in competition open to “Spaniards, mestizos and
Indians”. Unjustly deprived of the first prize.

•
Dec 8, 1880
◀︎
Operetta “On the Banks of the Pasig” produced.
 Sep 25, 1881

•◀︎ Submitted winning wax model design for commemorative medal for the Royal
Economic Society of Friends of the Country centennial.

May 3, 1882

•◀︎ Secretly left Manila taking a French mail steamer at Singapore for Marseilles and
entering Spain at Port Bou by railroad. His brother, Paciano Mercado, furnished
the money.

•◀︎
Jun 15, 1882

Arrived in Barcelona

Jun 20, 1882

•◀︎ Absence noted at Sto. Tomás University, which owned the Kalamba estate. Rizal’s
father was compelled to prove that he had no knowledge of his son’s plan in order
to hold the land on which he was the University’s tenant.

•◀︎
Oct 3, 1882

Began studies in Madrid.

Aug 21, 1886

Received degree of Licentiate in Medicine with honors from Central University of

•◀︎ Madrid on June 19 at the age of 24.
Clinical assistant to Dr. L. de Wecker, a Paris oculist.

Visited Universities of Heidelberg, Leipzig, and Berlin

Feb 21, 1887

•◀︎ Finished the novel Noli Me Tangere in Berlin.

Traveled in Austria, Switzerland and Italy.

•◀︎
Jul 3, 1887

Sailed from Marseilles.

Aug 5, 1887

•◀︎
•◀︎ Arrived in Manila. Traveled in nearby provinces with a Spanish lieutenant, detailed
by the Governor-General, as escort.

•◀︎
Feb 9, 1888

Sailed for Japan via Hong Kong.

•◀︎
Feb 28, 1888

A guest at the Spanish Legation, Tokyo, and traveling in Japan.

•
Feb 28, 1888 Apr 13, 1888
◀︎
A guest at the Spanish Legation, Tokyo, and traveling in Japan.

•◀︎
Apr 25, 1888

Travelled to United States

•◀︎
May 24, 1888

In London, studying in the British Museum to edit Morga’s 1609 Philippine History.

Mar 28, 1889

•◀︎ — In Paris, publishing Morga’s History. Published “The Philippines A Century

Hence” in La Solidaridad, a Filipino fortnightly review, first of Barcelona and later of
Madrid.

•◀︎
Apr 22, 1890

In Belgium finished El Filibusterismo which is the sequel to Noli Me Tangere.

Aug 4, 1890

•◀︎ Returned to Madrid to confer with his countrymen on the Philippine situation, then
constantly growing worse.

•◀︎
Jan 27, 1891

Left Madrid for France.

 Nov 19, 1891

•◀︎ Arranging for a Filipino agricultural colony in British North Borneo.

Practiced medicine in Hong Kong.

•◀︎
Jun 3, 1892

Organized a mutual aid economic society: a Liga Filipina.

•◀︎
Jun 26, 1892

Returned to Manila under Governor-General Despujol’s safe conduct pass.

Jul 6, 1892

Ordered deported to Dapitan, but the decree and charges were kept secret from

•◀︎ him.
Taught school and conducted a hospital during his exile, patients coming from China coast ports for
treatment. Fees thus earned were used to beautify the town. Arranged a water system and had the plaza
lighted.

Aug 1, 1896

•◀︎ Left Dapitan en route to Spain as a volunteer surgeon for the Cuban yellow fever
hospitals. Carried letters of recommendation from Governor-General Blanco.

Aug 7, 1896

On Spanish cruiser Castilla in Manila Bay.

•◀︎ Sailed for Spain on Spanish mail steamer and just after leaving Port Said was confined to his cabin as a
prisoner on cabled order from Manila. (Rizal’s enemies to secure the appointment of a governor-general
subservient to them, the servile Polavieja had purchased Governor-General Blanco’s promotion.)

Oct 6, 1896

Placed in Montjuich Castle dungeon on his arrival in Barcelona and the same day
•◀︎ re-embarked for Manila
Friends and countrymen in London by cable made an unsuccessful effort for a Habeas Corpus writ at
Singapore. On arrival in Manila was placed in Fort Santiago dungeon.

Dec 3, 1896
 Charged with treason, sedition and forming illegal societies, the prosecution
•◀︎ arguing that he was responsible for the deeds of those who read his writings.
During his imprisonment Rizal began to formulate in his mind his greatest poem who others later entitle,
“My Last Farewell.” (Later concealed in an alcohol cooking lamp)

Dec 12, 1896

•◀︎ Rizal appears in a courtroom where the judges made no effort to check those who
cry out for his death.

•◀︎
Dec 27, 1896

Formally condemned to death by a Spanish court martial.

Dec 29, 1896

Completes and puts into writing “My Last Farewell.” He conceals the poem in an
•◀︎ alcohol heating apparatus and gives it to his family. He may have also concealed
another copy of the same poem in one of his shoes but, if so, it is lost in
decomposition in

Dec 30, 1896

•◀︎ Shot on the Luneta, Manila, at 7:03 a.m., and buried in a secret grave in Paco
Cemetery. (Entry of his death was made in the Paco Church Register among
suicides.)

Dec 30, 1896

•◀︎ Roman Catholic sources allege that Rizal marries Josephine Bracken in his Fort
Santiago death cell to Josephine Bracken; she is Irish, the adopted daughter of a
blind American who came to Dapitan from Hong Kong for treatment.

Jan 21, 1897

•◀︎ Commemorated by Spanish Free-masons who dedicated a tablet to his memory,

in their Grand Lodge hall in Madrid, as a martyr to Liberty.

Aug 22, 1898

•◀︎ Filipinos who placed over it in Paco cemetery, a cross inscribed simply “December
30, 1896”
 Dec 20, 1898

•◀︎ President Aguinaldo, of the Philippine Revolutionary Government, proclaimed

December 30th as a day of national mourning.

Dec 30, 1898

•◀︎ Filipinos held Memorial services at which time American soldiers on duty carried
their arms reversed.

Jun 19, 1911

•◀︎ — Birth semi-centennial observed in all public schools by an act of the Philippine
Legislature

Dec 30, 1912

•◀︎ Rizal’s ashes transferred to the Rizal Mausoleum on the Luneta with impressive
public ceremonies