WEEK 2: PROKARYOTIC CELL VS EUKARYOTIC CELL

General
Biology 1
 PRO
KAR
YOTES and
EU
KAR
YOTES
 A prokaryote is a simple, mostly
single-celled (unicellular) organism
that lacks a nucleus, or any other
membrane-bound organelle.
 In prokaryotes,
DNA is a single loop
while in
eukaryotes, DNA is
organized into
chromosomes.
cell wall
the membrane
surrounding and
protecting the cell.
 cytoplasm
all of the material
inside a cell except
the nucleus.
Flagella & pili
protein-based
filaments found
outside of some
prokaryotic cells.
nucleoid
a nucleus-like
region of the cell
where genetic
material is kept.
 plasmid
a small molecule
of DNA that can
reproduce
independently.
 Eukaryotic cells have:
1.) a membrane-bound nucleus;
2.) numerous membrane-bound
organelles; and
3.) several rod-shaped chromosomes.
Eukaryotic cells have a more
complex structure than
prokaryotic cells. Organelles
allow different functions to be
compartmentalized in different
areas of the cell.