 COLLEGE: ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT

 DEPARTMENT: BBA
 COURSEWORK ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR
 COURSE CODE: HRM 1203
 YEAR: ONE
 SEMESTER: Two
 SESSION: DAY
 NAME: KHALID MOHAMED DAHIR
 RG.NUMBER: 2020-01-00183

QUESTION ONE
The complexity of running organizations by top management and ease of understanding
organizational nature and structure has made organizational behaviour discipline a versatile area
of comprehension. Task;
(a) Discuss any five disciplines that have contributed knowledge to the field of OB. 15marks
(b) Advise on productive work behaviours in an organization. 5marks
 QUESTION ONE

The complexity of running organizations by top management and ease of understanding

organizational nature and structure has made organizational behavior discipline a versatile area
of comprehension. Task;

a) Discuss any five disciplines that have contributed knowledge to the field of OB. 15
marks

Introduction

Organisational behaviour is an interdisciplinary approach as it has borrowed concepts, theories,

models and practices of physical sciences as well as social sciences. The main features of
organisational behaviour are primarily based on behavioural sciences. The organisational
behaviour is studied in relation to psychology, sociology, political science, anthropology,
economics, science, technology and environmental sciences. OB is, in fact, called an applied
behavioural science.

Psychology

The use of psychology focuses on psychological and organisational research and theory to find
ways to enhance organisational effectiveness. The use of this discipline examines the lives of
employees at work in an attempt to measure, explain and sometimes change the behaviour of
employees within the organisation.

Psychology as a science, measures, explains and suggests the appropriate human behaviour.
Individual behaviour is governed by perception, learning and personality. Industrial psychology
understands people’s behaviour at work, particularly under different working conditions, stress,
conflicts and other related behaviour of employees. Job satisfaction, performance appraisals and
reward systems are measured and directed with the use of psychological theories and models.

Sociology
While psychology focuses on the individual, sociology studies people in relation to their social
environment or culture. It focuses on group behaviour in organisations, group dynamics,
organisational culture, communication, power, conflict, structures and how order is maintained
within these groups.

Sociology also has a major impact on the study of organisational behaviour. Sociology makes
use of scientific methods in accumulating knowledge about the social behaviour of the groups.
Sociologists study social systems such as a family, an occupational class, a mob or an
organisation. It specifically studies, social groups, social behaviour, society, customs,
institutions, social classes, status, social mobility, prestige etc.

Anthropology

The use of anthropology focuses on the study of societies to learn about human beings, their
cultures, environments and activities. It enables us to understand differences in fundamental
values, attitudes and behaviour between people in different countries and within different
organisations.

Anthropology contributes in understanding the cultural effects on organisational behaviour,

effects of value systems, norms, sentiments, cohesion and interaction. Socialization involves
spreading of values and missions of organisation among employees. Anthropology influences the
employees’ behaviour through motivation, interaction, goal setting, decision making,
coordinating and controlling.

Economics

Economics contributes to organizational behavior to a great extent in designing the

organizational structure. Transaction cost economics influence the organization and its structure.
Transaction costs economics implies cost components to make an exchange on the market. This
transaction cost economics examines the extent to which the organization structure and size of an
organization varies in response to attempts to avoid market failures through minimizing
production and transaction costs within the constraints of human and environmental factors.
Costs of transactions include both costs of market transactions and internal coordination.
The economic conditions of a country have long lasting impact on organizational behavior. If
psychological and economic expectations of employee are met, they are satisfied and become
high performers. Economic systems include financial, commercial and industrial activities which
have greater influences on the behaviour of the people. The consumption pattern in society
monitors the behaviour of employees. Consumption oriented society witnesses a different
employee behaviour from that of a production oriented society.

Political Science

In recent times, political science has also started interesting the organisational behaviourists.
Political Science is usually, thought of as the study of political systems. But political scientists
are interested in how and why people acquire power, political behaviour, decision making,
conflict, the behaviour of interest groups and coalition formation. These are also major areas of
interest in organisational behaviour.

In organisations, people strive for power and leadership recognition. Political Science helps in
the management of men in an effective and efficient manner. Political perspectives and
government policies are thoroughly analyzed for molding and modifying the behaviour of
people, because they greatly influence the organisation. The law and order of the country
influence the people at work.

b) Advise on productive work behaviours in an organization 5 marks

Be Inclusive.

To be inclusive means to embrace diversity and to be respectful of the differences of others. At

the end of the day we all share more commonalities than we do differences – so focusing on what
you have in common with each of your team members is a great place to start.

Do Not Engage Gossip.

Sometimes what we share in common with our fellow employees is a frustration within the
organization, an annoyance with another team member, or some scandalous water cooler chatter
– and that can make it easy to validate negative feelings through commiserating or spreading
gossip.
Avoid Oversharing & Over-asking.

Chances are you have forged strong relationships at work, and that is a good thing – but in order
to protect your personal life from becoming workplace fodder, and to avoid making people
around you uncomfortable, it is important to avoid oversharing