Unit 6: Estimators

1. Given the following probability distribution of the random variable “number of

people by household”:

1 0.20
2 0.50
3 0.30
1

Calculate:
a) The mean, variance and standard deviation of the population.
b) All the samples getting a SRS of size n=2.
c) Probability distribution of sample mean.
d) Expected value and variance of sample mean.
e) Probability distribution of sample variance.
f) Expected value of sample variance.

2. The average number of workers in Spanish small and medium-size enterprises is

“5”, with a variance of “4”. We get a SRS of size n=16. Calculate:
a) The expected value and the variance of the sample mean.
b) The expected value of the sample variance.
c) Minimum sample size in order to get a probability equal or more than 95% that
the sample mean deviates from the population mean in half a unit at the most.

3. The number of sanctions which can receive a pub in the Community of Madrid
follows a random variable which follows a binomial distribution B(3, 0.1). We
select two pubs at random. Calculate:
a) Probability distribution of sample mean.
b) Expected value and variance of sample mean.

4. The number of times per week that a small investor buys shares is distributed as a
Normal N(1, 3). In order to analyse its behaviour, we take simple random samples
of size 16 days. Obtain:
a) The probability that the sample average of the number of times per week he buys
shares is greater than 2.
b) The probability that the sample mean of the number of time per week he buys
shares is comprehended between 1 and 2, both included.

5. For the stock market session of April 22nd of 2009, expects forecast that Acerinox
shares will quote, in euros, between 35 and 49, both included. Using a SRS of size
50, determine:
a) Expectancy of the sample average price.
b) Variance of the sample average price.
c) Probability that the average price of the Acerinox shares is below 41 euros.
6. Let us suppose that the annual salaries in monetary units of the executives of a
multinational company follow a normal distribution N(10, 1), while the ones of the
remaining staff follow a normal distribution N(4, 2). We get a SRS of respective
sizes n1 =10 executives andn2 =20 employees. Determine:

a) Probability that the sample average annual salary for executives were more than
10.2 monetary units.
b) Probability that the sample average annual salary for the remaining staff were
more than 4.2 monetary units.
c) Probability that the sample average annual salary for all the staff were more
than 6.2 monetary units.
d) What is the probability that the sample average annual salary for executives
were more than 5 million monetary units than the one of the remaining staff?

7. The year debt of Grupo Prisa, in thousands of millions is distributed N(-1, σ), using
a random selection of 10 years. Calculate the probability that the sample average of
the year debt is greater or equal than -0.9, knowing that its sample quasi-standard
deviation S1 is 0.1865.

8. The price of Iberpapel shares is distributed as N(µ, 2). Analyse 16 stock market
sessions chosen randomly to calculate the probability that the sample quasi-variance
of the shares price is greater or equal than 2.13.

9. The daily number of clients of a bank office that do not know how to use an ATM is
distributed as N(1.7, 4). Choosing randomly 10 bank clients, determine the value of
k that satisfies the expression P(S1 > k)=0.99, being S1 the sample quasi-standard
deviation of clients of this bank office that do not know how to use the ATM in a
random day.

10. Let us suppose that p=0.4 is the proportion of families who own a specific
appliance. We get a SRS of size n=225. Calculate the probability that in a sample of
this size there were 92 families who own this type of appliance.

11. A commercial agent performs a certain number of visits to potential clients

obtaining an assignment of 1000€ for each signed contract. If this agent estimates
that the probability of having a contract signed is 0.8, establish, reasoning, the
probability that after 100 randomly chosen visits he earns more than 75,000 €.

12. The companies of a country pay their workers an average of 1400€, with a sample
variance of 200. For these calculations we have used a sample of 125 companies.
Another country pays his workers 1200 with sample variance 100. For these
calculations we have used a sample of 125 companies as well.

a) For the first country, calculate the probability that the average wage is
greater than 1440 €.
b) Calculate the probability that the difference between average salaries is
greater than 250€.
13. From a uniform distribution U(0, 10), we get a SRS of size n=25. We want to obtain
a level of probability such that the sample mean deviates from the population mean
in a unit at the most.

14. A random variable has population mean 25 and population variance 240. We get a
SRS of size n=100. Determine the probability that the sample mean take values
between 23.55 and 28.10.

15. The number of contracts signed every day by OHL are distributed as a Normal N(2,
1). Analysing 10 random days, obtain the probability that the sample average of
signed contracts deviates, as much, 0.2 units from the mean.

16. The number of clients of a NH hotel that do not include breakfast when booking a
room is distributed as a Normal N(5, 10). Choosing randomly 16 clients, calculate:

a) The probability that the sample average of the number of these clients is between
5 and 5.2, both included.
b) The probability that the sample variance of the number of these clients is smaller
than 2.3.

17. The number of public contracts awarded to Acciona every year is distributed as a
Normal N(10, σ). Calculate the probability that in the next 4 years, randomly
chosen, the sample average of the number of awarded public contracts is smaller
than 14.5, knowing that the sample quasi-variance is 6

18. The annual recruiting of the companies of a specific region follow a Normal
distribution N(4, 2). We get a SRS of size n=10, and we get a sample with sample
mean 3 people and sample standard deviation 2 people.

a) What is the probability that the recruiting sample mean were equal or more than
3 people?
b) If we know the population mean, but we do not know the population variance,
what is the probability that the recruiting sample mean were equal or more than
3 people?
c) If we do not know the population mean, but we know the population variance,
what would be the probability that the sample variance were less than 1.668?

19. A company manufactures a product which demand follows a Normal distribution

N(200, 30). Other competitor manufactures the same product and its demand
follows a normal distribution N(100, 25). We get a SRS of 125 points of sale of each
company. Calculate P [−¿110 ].

20. We are studying the duration of two types of batteries. They follow Normal
distributions N(2500, 500) and N(2300, 800) respectively. We get two SRS of
respective sizes n1 =300 andn2 =200. We want to know the probability that the
average duration of the first type of batteries were 100 time units more than the one
of the second type of batteries.
21. 20% of the customers of a company buy a product. We survey at random 100
customers. We want to know the probability that the sample proportion were
between 0.1 and 0.3.