Newton British Academy

October Mock Revision

Year 11 Chemistry

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Questions

Q1. The diagram shows the structures of two different atoms.

(a)  State how the diagram shows that both of these atoms are neutral.
(1)
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(b)  Explain how the diagram shows that these atoms are isotopes.
(2)
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(c)  Complete the table to show the atomic number and mass number of atoms 1 and 2.
(2)

(d)  The table shows the mass number and percentage of two different atoms of another element.

Calculate the relative atomic mass (Ar) of this element.

Give your answer to one decimal place.
(2)

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 relative atomic mass = ...........................................................
(Total for question = 7 marks)
Q2. The boxes show the displayed formulae of six organic compounds, P, Q, R, S, T and U.

(a)  Use the letters P, Q, R, S, T and U to answer these questions.

Each letter may be used once, more than once or not at all.
(i)  Give the letter of the compound that is not a hydrocarbon.
(1)
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(ii)  Give the letters of the two compounds that have the same empirical formula.
(1)
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(iii)  Give the letter of the compound that is used to manufacture poly(propene).
(1)
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(b)  Describe a test that can be used to distinguish between compounds Q and T.

(3)
test

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result with compound Q

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result with compound T

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(c)  Compounds P, Q and R are members of the same homologous series.

Give two characteristics of a homologous series.
(2)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

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(e)  An organic compound has the percentage composition by mass

C = 36.36%     H = 6.06%     F = 57.58%

(i)  Show that the empirical formula of the compound is CH2F
(2)

(ii)  The relative molecular mass (Mr) of the compound is 66.

Determine the molecular formula of the compound.
(2)

molecular formula = ...........................................................

 (Total for question = 14 marks)

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Q3.

(a)  The diagram shows the apparatus a teacher uses to determine the formula of an oxide of lead.

This is the teacher's method.

Step 1 find the mass of the reduction tube
Step 2 add some of the lead oxide to the reduction tube
Step 3 find the mass of the reduction tube and lead oxide
Step 4 pass hydrogen gas over the lead oxide and ignite the hydrogen at the hole
Step 5 heat the lead oxide strongly for 10 minutes
Step 6 keep passing hydrogen through the reduction tube until the tube and contents are cool
Step 7 find the new mass of the reduction tube and its contents
(i)  Give a reason why hydrogen is passed through the reduction tube until the tube and contents are
cool.
(1)
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(ii)  Describe what the teacher should do next to make sure all the lead oxide has been reduced to
lead.
(2)
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(b)  The teacher completes the experiment and obtains these results.

    mass of reduction tube = 23.50 g

mass of tube + lead oxide = 28.64 g

         mass of tube + lead = 28.16 g

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 (i)  Calculate the mass of lead formed.
(1)
mass of lead = ........................................................... g
(ii)  Calculate the mass of oxygen removed from the lead oxide.
(1)
mass of oxygen = ........................................................... g

(iii)  Determine the empirical formula of the lead oxide.

(4)

empirical formula of the lead oxide ...........................................................

(c)  The insoluble salt lead(II) chloride (PbCl2) can be prepared by reacting a solution of lead(II) nitrate
with dilute
        hydrochloric acid.
(i)  Complete the equation for the reaction by adding the state symbols.
(1)
Pb(NO3)2(............) + 2HCl(............)   →   PbCl2(............) + 2HNO3(............)
(ii)  Show that the maximum mass of lead(II) chloride that can be made from 0.0370 mol of
hydrochloric acid is
        about 5 g.
[Mr of PbCl2 = 278]
(3)

maximum mass = ........................................................... g

 
(Total for question = 13 marks)

Q4.
 
(a)  Chlorine, bromine and iodine are elements in the Periodic Table.
 Explain how the position of these elements in the Periodic Table depends on their electronic
configurations.
(2)
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(b)  Chlorine reacts with methane to form CH3Cl and HCl

(i)  State the condition necessary for this reaction.
(1)
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(ii)  Give the equation for this reaction.
(1)
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(iii)  The bonds in a molecule of CH3Cl are covalent.
   Explain, in terms of electrostatic attractions, what is meant by a covalent bond.
(2)
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(iv)  Draw a dot-and-cross diagram for a molecule of CH3Cl
   Show only the outer electrons of the atoms.
                                                                                                                                                                                              (2)

(v)  CH3Cl has a simple molecular structure.

 Explain why CH3Cl has a low boiling point.
(2)
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(c)  Graphite is another substance that contains covalent bonds. The diagram shows the structure of
graphite.

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  Most covalent substances do not conduct electricity. Explain why graphite is able to conduct
electricity.
(2)
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(Total for question = 12 marks)
 Q5.
 (a)  Two of the fractions obtained from crude oil are gasoline and bitumen.
(i)  This is the displayed formula for one of the alkanes in the gasoline fraction.

Determine the molecular formula of this alkane.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii)  Give a use of bitumen.
(1)
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(iii)  Describe the differences between the gasoline and bitumen fractions, in terms of colour, boiling
point
       and viscosity.
(3)
colour ...................................................................................................................................

boiling point ...........................................................................................................................

viscosity ................................................................................................................................

(b)  Methane is an alkane used as a fuel.When methane burns in a plentiful supply of air, carbon dioxide
and water vapour form.
The equation for the reaction is
CH4 + 2O2   →   CO2 + 2H2O
The diagram shows how water can be collected when methane burns in the air.

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 (i)  Water freezes at 0 °C and boils at 100 °C.
Carbon dioxide sublimes at −78 °C. Explain why water collects in the U-tube, but carbon dioxide
does not.
(4)
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(ii)  Describe how anhydrous copper(II) sulfate can be used to show that the U-tube contains water.
(2)
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(Total for question = 11 marks)
 
Q6. This question is about some of the Group 1 elements and their compounds.
(a)  A teacher adds a small piece of lithium to water in a trough.
(i)  Give three observations that are made when lithium reacts with water.
(3)
1 ..........................................................................................................................................

2 ..........................................................................................................................................

3 ..........................................................................................................................................
(ii)  After the reaction has finished, the teacher adds a few drops of universal indicator to the solution in
the trough.
Explain the colour of the universal indicator after it is added to the solution.
(2)
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 (iii)  Write a chemical equation for the reaction of lithium with water.
(2)
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(b)  A student does a flame test to see if a white solid contains sodium ions.
She cleans a platinum wire before using it for the flame test.
(i)  Explain why the student needs to clean the platinum wire.
(2)
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(ii)  Which of these is the colour of the flame if the solid contains sodium ions?
(1)
   A    green
   B    lilac
   C    red
   D    yellow

(c)  Potassium sulfate (K2SO4) is an ionic compound.

(i)  Give the formula of each ion in potassium sulfate.
(1)
potassium ion .....................................................             sulfate ion ....................................................
(ii)  The melting point of potassium sulfate is 1069 °C.
Explain why potassium sulfate has a high melting point.
Refer to structure and bonding in your answer.
(4)
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(Total for question = 15 marks)
 
Q7. This question is about metals.

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(a)  Metals can be arranged in a reactivity series based on their reactions with water and their reactions
      with dilute hydrochloric acid.
The table shows how four metals, P, Q, R and S, react with water and with dilute hydrochloric acid.

(i)  Identify which of the metals P, Q, R or S could be gold.

(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii)  Suggest why the reaction between metal R and dilute hydrochloric acid was not done.
(1)
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(iii)  Use the information in the table to place the metals in order of reactivity from most reactive to
least reactive.
(1)

(b)  Zinc is used to coat iron gates to prevent the iron from rusting.
(i)  State the name of this method of preventing iron from rusting.
(1)
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 (ii)  State another method of preventing iron from rusting.
(1)
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(c)  A mixture of zinc powder and copper(II) oxide is heated.

The chemical equation for the reaction that takes place is
Zn + CuO → ZnO + Cu
(i)  State how the reaction shows that zinc is more reactive than copper.
(1)
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(ii)  Explain which substance is the oxidising agent.
(2)
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(Total for question = 8 marks)
Q8. A student uses paper chromatography in an experiment to separate the dyes in four different food
colourings, E, F, G and H.

The diagram shows the appearance of the paper before and after the experiment.

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(a)  (i)  Describe how the student should complete the experiment after putting a spot of each food
colouring on the paper.
(3)
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      (ii)  Deduce the number of dyes in food colouring H.
(1)
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(iii)  Suggest why food colouring F does not move during the experiment.
(1)
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(iv)  Explain which two food colourings contain the dye that is likely to be the most soluble in the
solvent.
(2)
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(b)  Determine which food colouring contains a dye with Rf value closest to 0.67
Show your working.
(3)

 
(Total for question = 10 marks)

Q9. This question is about states of matter.

The diagram shows the arrangement of particles in a solid and in a liquid.

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(a)  Complete the diagram by drawing six circles to represent the particles in a gas.
(1)
(b)  Three changes of state, X, Y and Z, are labelled on the diagram.
 Use words from the box to name these changes of state.

(3)
X ..........................................................................................................................................

Y ..........................................................................................................................................

Z ..........................................................................................................................................

(c)  (i)  Use state symbols to complete the equation for the freezing of water.
(1)

(ii)  Suggest how a soluble impurity could affect the melting point of ice.
(1)
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(Total for question = 6 marks)
 Q10. The box shows the names of some substances.
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(a)  Complete the table by choosing substances from the box that match the description.
Each substance may be used once, more than once or not at all.
(5)

(b)  Describe a test for carbon dioxide.

(2)
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(Total for question = 7 marks)
Q11.

In 1937 an airship full of hydrogen gas flew from Germany to America.

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(a)  Which property of hydrogen makes it a suitable gas to use in an airship?
(1)
   A    colourless
   B    insoluble in water
   C    low density
   D    no smell

(b)  Explain why helium is now used in airships instead of hydrogen.

(2)
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(c)  Hydrogen is used to manufacture ammonia, NH3

Hydrogen is reacted with nitrogen using an iron catalyst.
(i)  Give a chemical equation for this reaction.
(1)
.............................................................................................................................................
(ii)  State why a catalyst is used in this reaction.
(1)
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(Total for question = 5 marks) 

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