CIRCULAR

FUNCTIONS
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the
student is able to:
1. illustrate the different circular
functions;
2. use reference angles to find exact values
of circular functions.
 ILLUSTRATION #1

Find the length of an arc

of a circle with radius 10
m that subtends a central
angle of 30⁰.
 SOLUTION
Since the given central angle is in degrees,
we have to convert it into radian measure.
Then apply the formula for an arc length.
𝝅 𝝅
30 = 𝐫𝐚𝐝
𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝟔
𝝅 𝟓𝝅
𝒔 = 𝟏𝟎 = 𝐦𝐞𝐭𝐞𝐫𝐬
𝟔 𝟑
 ILLUSTRATION #2

A central angle 𝜽 in a circle

of radius 12 inches is
subtended by an arc of
length 27 inches. Find the
measure 𝜽 in degrees.
SOLUTION
 SECTOR OF A CIRCLE
A sector of a circle is the portion of the
interior of a circle bounded by the initial
and terminal sides of a central angle and its
intercepted arc. It is like a “slice of pizza”.
Note that an angle with measure
𝟐𝝅 radians will define a sector that
corresponds to the whole “pizza”.
 SECTOR OF A CIRCLE
Therefore, if a central angle of a
sector has measure 𝜽 radians, then the
𝜽
sector makes up the fraction of a
𝟐𝝅
complete circle. Since the area of a
𝟐
complete circle with radius 𝒓 is 𝝅𝒓 , we
have the formula:
 SECTOR OF A CIRCLE
𝜽 𝟐 𝟏 𝟐
Area of a Sector = 𝝅𝒓 = 𝜽𝒓
𝟐𝝅 𝟐

𝑨
𝜽
𝒓
 SECTOR OF A CIRCLE

In a circle of radius 𝒓, the area 𝑨 of

a sector with a central angle with
measuring 𝜽 radians is given by
𝟏 𝟐
𝑨 = 𝝅𝒓 𝜽
𝟐
 ILLUSTRATION #1

Find the area of a

sector with central
angle 60⁰ if the radius
of the circle is 3 m.
 SOLUTION
First, we have to convert 60⁰ into radians.
Then apply the formula for computing the
area of a sector.
𝝅 𝝅
𝟔𝟎 = 𝐫𝐚𝐝
𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝟑

𝟏 𝟐 𝝅 𝟑𝝅 𝟐
𝑨= 𝟑 = 𝐦
𝟐 𝟑 𝟐
 ILLUSTRATION #2
A sprinkler on a golf course
fairway is set to spray water over a
distance of 70 ft. and rotates
through an angle of 120⁰. Find the
area of the fairway watered by the
sprinkler.
 SOLUTION

𝝅 𝟐𝝅
𝟏𝟐𝟎 = 𝐫𝐚𝐝
𝟏𝟖𝟎 𝟑

𝟏 𝟐
𝟐𝝅 𝟒𝟗𝟎𝟎𝝅 𝟐
𝑨= 𝟕𝟎 = ≈ 𝟓𝟏𝟑𝟏 𝐟𝐭
𝟐 𝟑 𝟑
 ILLUSTRATION #3
Given isosceles right triangle ABC
with AC as the hypotenuse (as shown
in the figure), a circle with center at A
and radius AB intersects AC at D.
What is the ratio of the area of sector
BAD to the area of the region BCD?
 SOLUTION

FIGURE: NOTE:
BAD = 45⁰

Let 𝒓 be the
radius AB
SOLUTION