B nVTH

Russian Grammar in Context

Olga Kagan
University of California, Los Angeles

Frank J. Miller
Columbia University, New York

Prentice Hall
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Kagan, Olga.
[V Puti] : Russian grammar in context / Olga Kagan, Frank Miller.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-13-474891-3
1. Russian language-Textbooks for foreign speakers-English.
I. Frank
Miller, J. II. Title.
PG2129.E5K34 1995
491.782'421-dc20 95-8438
CIP

Editor in Chief: Steve Debow

Executive Editor: Laura McKenna
Director of Development: Marian Wassner
Managing Editor: Debbie Brennan
Project Editor: Tiinde A. Dewey
Manufacturing Buyer: Tricia Kenny
Assistant Editor: Maria F. Garcia
Editorial Assistant: Karen George
Cover Design: Ximena de la Piedra
Illustrator: Elizabeth McLendon

© 1996 by Prentice Hall, Inc.

A Simon and Schuster Company
Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458

All rights reserved.No part of this book may be

reproduced, in any form or by any means, without
permission in writing from the publisher.

Printed in the United States of America

10 9876543
ISBN -13-47HfiTl-3

Prentice Hall International (UK) Limited, London

Prentice Hall of Australia Pty. Limited, Sydney
Prentice Hall Canada Inc., Toronto
Prentice Hall Hispanoamericana, S. A., Mexico
Prentice Hall of India Private Limited, New Delhi
Prentice Hall of Japan, Inc., Tokyo
Simon & Schuster Asia Pte. Ltd., Singapore
Editora Prentice Hall do Brasil, Ltda., Rio de Janeiro
COAEPaCAHHE

CnpaBOHHbiM oTflen 1

1 flaBaMxe nosHaKOMMMCsi! 13

2 Mbi M HauiM :«:MB6THbie 45

3 IIoHeAenbHMK ^enb TH:acenbiM 77

4 JHhm HameM :«:m3hm 107

5 J],OM, B KOTOpOM Mbl :»CMBeM 133

6 Mto Bbi 3a qenoBeK? 159

7 MtoGbi MMxaxb no-pyccKM 187

8 BoKpyr CBexa 201

9 FopoacKaa :»s:M3Hb 231

10 npMpOAa M Mbl 259

11 npMHTHoro annexMTa! 289
1 1
IZ 4eM Mbl yBJieKacMCH

Appendix 347

Cjioeapb PyccKO-aHrnMMCKMM 360

Anrno-pyccKHM 381

Index 398

111
nPE^HCJlOBHE

V puti! is intended for students who have completed some initial coursework in Russian
or who are familiar with basic grammatical concepts and vocabulary. It will work well for
students of varying backgrounds in Russian, including those who were born in a Russian-
speaking family but have had no formal education in the language.
The central goal of the V puti! program is communication. We understand communication
not only to mean an ability to understand a second or third language or to express one's
thoughts in but also to read and write. This program assists in the development of all language
skills: listening, speaking, reading, and writing, all within realistic settings, situations, and
contexts.
V puti! consists of twelve chapters, each organized in a consistent manner. Chapter Visa
"floating" chapter and can be completed at any time during the course. It does not contain
dialogues or a vocabulary list. We envision the completion of each chapter in ten to twelve
contact hours.
Each chapter begins with 5l3biK b ^hshm, conversations and/or diary entries, and letters.
These language models illustrate monologues and conversational exchanges. Many conversa-

tions take place within a group; roles (speaking parts) are not labeled purposely, because every
member of the class can become engaged in every conversation at any time. Both masculine
and feminine verb forms are included whenever an utterance is in the past tense. In class
testing preliminary versions of V puti! students commented favorably on this approach: more
opportunities to speak in class lead to greater autonomy and less dependence on the instructor.
Students and instructors who prefer working exclusively with dialogues, can use the conversa-
tions in V puti! in this way.
Conversations are followed by a series of exercises. The first exercise usually calls for the
Russian equivalents of certain phrases from the conversation or asks for the explanation of
terms in Russian. In both types of exercises, the goal is to expand ability in oral expression.
Students can paraphrase, supply synonyms, and convey similar or related ideas in as many
ways possible throughout V puti! A second cluster of exercises moves to pair work, in which
students ask one another questions and create or personalize new contexts. Students are
encouraged to use new words and expressions from a previous language sample and draw on
personal knowledge and experience to incorporate it These exercises are
into such exercises.
not intended to be treated as question-answer exercises, but rather as an outline for meaningful
conversation. At the end of the exercise, we recommend that each pair share some information
with the rest of the class. The final activity is an open-ended situation that may be enacted
before the class.
A system of icons identifies exercises intended for pair work [ ^jni^I 1. and work in small
or larger groups [^1^1. The [\^] symbol invites students to walk room around the
conversing with many people, where possible.
roBopMTe npaeiijibHO contains grammatical explanations and practice. Some grammar
will be familiar to students from prior coursework. However, experience shows that students
benefit from consistent review as they become comfortable with the use of basic structures

iv
actively and correctly. Noun and adjective declensions and verbal conjugations are the basic
"building blocks" of Russian grammar, and the first six chapters review this information in
order to pull together frequently fragmented earlier knowledge. The use of verbal aspect, an
important feature of Russian grammar, and often difficult for native speakers of English, is

reviewed formally in Chapters 3, 4, and 5. We hope we have provided sufficient examples to

make these explanations clear. Exercises within each grammar section progress from mechani-
cal to more open-ended and feature situations that require certain structures in conversation.
Kyjibxypa contains biographies, poems, and texts from important periods in Russian
history. The intent is to acquaint students with aspects of Russian culture already familiar to

most educated native speakers of Russian. We do not attempt to provide a comprehensive

survey of Russian culture and history, but rather a variety of topics upon which students and
teachers can choose to expand and discuss. Poetry is so much a part of Russian culture and
life, that we felt it important to include a poem in most of the chapters. Poems may be read
aloud and even memorized, and may assist in developing correct pronunciation while
increasing one's vocabulary.
Excerpts from Russian literature including Tolstoy's Anna Karenina, children's literature,

and additional reading selections are included in the Workbook/Lab Manual. It is hard to
overestimate the importance of children's literature in one's life, especially as a source of
common cultural knowledge. One can gain tremendous insight into a culture by discovering
what children read and what is read to them.
053dpHbie sa^aHMfl reviews important sections within each chapter and includes one or
two exercises on the sentence structure in the conversations, a writing exercise that can be
done in class as small group or pair work, and an additional reading selection. PasroBop
contains an interpretation exercise that does not require word for word translation. It can
lead to a small conversation, which we encourage. Some chapters contain exercises that ask
students to supply multiple responses; try to imagine a variety of situations and contexts.
Bauie BbicxynjieHMe are monologues that may be prepared prior to class; their purpose is to
encourage the student to create a connected paragraph-length narration.
In most cases, HTenne is accompanied by pre- and post-reading exercises. Brief newspa-
per articles are printed the way they appear in Russian newspapers unglossed, unstressed, —
and without the letter e. You can decide how to utilize them. We recommend looking through
them for general meaning, trying to understand as much as possible, without looking up words
in a dictionary. Students who wish to read more closely, may ask their instructor(s) for assis-

tance or refer to a dictionary. With one exception (Chapter 10), reading selections in the
textbook are non-fiction. Fiction appears in the Workbook/Lab Manual and is glossed and
accompanied by questions and exercises. Some readings have been slightly shortened, but they
have not been simplified for the second language learner. We encourage students to develop
and employ their own reading strategies as they prepare texts at home for discussion in class.
 ADDITIONAL PROGRAM COMPONENTS

Workbook/Lab Manual with Readings

The organization of the Workbook/Lab Manual supports the classroom text. The listening
portion of this comprehensive manual contains scripted material that moves beyond the in-text
dialogues. In addition, it includes a wealth of structure practice. Every chapter offers reading
and writing practice: drills, exercises, and activities.

Cassettes

A set of cassettes (recordings of dialogues and conversations in the classroom text, record-
ed materials that correspond to listening sections in the Workbook/Lab Manual) is available
to language labs free upon adoption of V puti! and confirmation that the campus bookstore
has placed its order directly with the publisher. Language labs may duplicate and distribute
cassettes in student quantities free of charge for as long as V puti! is in use at that campus and
print materials are ordered directly through the publisher. Students may also wish to purchase
cassettes from the publisher.

vi
1
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
V puti! is the result of several years' work and the collaborative efforts of many persons.
We would like to thank Steve Debow, who originally contacted us and whose discipline we
appreciated throughout the project. We are extremely grateful to Tunde Dewey, our project
editor, who formatted the final copy in record time and who worked most closely with us
during the developmental stages of the project. We especially appreciate her enthusiasm and
unceasing willingness to include last-minute changes before the final copy went to press. We
thank Elizabeth McLendon for the illustrations that appear through the text. We appreciate
Ximena de laPiedra's original art and cover design.
V puti! would have never been possible without the assistance and support of countless
students and colleagues who used preliminary versions in their courses or who looked at

various drafts of the material, and offered various constructive comments and criticisms.
We especially appreciate the efforts of Alia Akishina (Rutgers University), Alexandra Baker
(Middlebury College), Joan Chevalier (UCLA), Kathryn Henry (The University of Iowa),
Mara Kashper (Barnard College), Valentina Lebedeva (Columbia University), Alia Matveeva
(The Ohio State University), Karen Myer (Middlebury College and the University of Iowa),
Rina Polyakova (Southern Methodist University), Galina Pyadusova (St. Petersburg State
University),Benjamin Rifkin (The University of Wisconsin), Rebecca Wells (The University
of Californiaat San Diego), and Nelya Zhuravlyova (The State University of New York at

Albany). Maria Polinsky (The University of Southern California) deserves our appreciation for
answering many tricky questions of Russian usage and syntax, and Lynn Visson (The United
Nations) read the text carefully and solved many problems of interpretation. We are
thankful to Lina Mikhelson in Moscow and Vladimir Sannikov of the Institute of Russian
Language who checked the text for its conformation to the norms of present Russian usage.
We owe a special debt of gratitude to Nelya Dubrovich (UCLA) who spent many long hours
proofreading the final version of this manuscript.
We are most thankful to the many instructors and coordinators of Russian who took time
from their schedules to formally review various versions of V puti! for Prentice Hall.The
appearance of their names does not in any way constitute an endorsement of the program or
its methodology.
David R. Andrews Georgetown University
Daniel Bayer Pitzer College
Eliot Borenstein University of Virginia
Thomas J. Garza University of Texas, Austin
Nathan Longan Norwich University
David K. Prestel Michigan State University
Benjamin Rifkin University of Wisconsin, Madison
Karen E. Robblee The Pennsylvania State University
Joanna Robin The George Washington University
Richard Robin The George Washington University
Dorothy Soudakoff Indiana University
Daryl Spencer University of Virginia
Thompson
Irene The George Washington University
Edward J. Vajda Western Washington University

O.K.
EM.
 CnPABOHHbIM OTAEA

4 riMLuiiTe npaeiijibHo!

ripaBHJia pyccKOH opcJjorpacJjHH

05mHe xapaKTepHCTHKH cymecTBHxe.ibHbix, MecTOHMeHHH h
npHJiaraxejibHbix
06mHe xapaKTepHCTHKH marojioB
npHMaa H KOCBCHHaH pCHb
npaBOHHcaHHe h npoHSHOiueHHe npenJioroB
PyccKHH noMepK
IlpaBonHcaHHe h npoH3HOiiieHHe HHOCTpannbix cjiob

OdUH 1
nHUIHTE nPABHJlbHO!

^ IIpaBHJia pyccKOH opcJ)orpa(})HH (Spelling rules)

1. Hushers (ui, jk, m, m) and velars (k, r, x)

• Never spell bi, h, or 10 after hushers and velars.

• Always spell h, a, or y in their place.

ra3eT-bi KHUr-M MHeMOHIIHeCKHH npHCM

CTOH-bl napK-M
roBop-id cneui-y
B pyccKOM uiKOJie y^aT:

":«:m - iuh" nwiuH qepea "h'

"Ma - ma" nuniM Mepe3 "a"
"qy - my" nmuH Mepes "y"
i
2. Hushers and ^
• Spell o only when it is stressed. Otherwise spell e.

OTU-OM aMepMKaHu-eivi
6oj7bm-6e xopdm-ee
KapaHflam-OM TOBapMiu-eM

3. Hard and soft vowels

There are no hard and soft vowels in Russian. But the vowels h, e, h, e, 10 indicate that paired
consonants are pronounced soft before them and, therefore, are often called soft vowels. The
vowels a, 3, bi, o, y indicate that paired consonants are pronounced hard before them, and they
often termed hard vowels.

OSlUHC XapaKTepHCTHKH CymeCTBHTCJlbHblX, MeCTOHMCHHH H

npHjiaraxejibHbix

Pod (gender): In their singular forms, Russian nouns, pronouns, and adjectives are classified
according to grammatical gender. The three genders are masculine, feminine, and neuter.

Hucjio (number): Number shows whether a noun is singular (one) or plural (more than
one). Adjectives, pronouns and most nouns have singular and plural forms.

IladeyK (case): Case shows the function of a noun or prounoun in a sentence. Case determines
the forms of nouns, pronouns, and adjectives.

2 dea
OKOHMaHMJi cymecTBMTejibHbix {Noun endings)
Nouns like ctoji or yHHTCJib are termed masculine and have a "zero" ending (i.e. no ending)
in the nominative singular. ^ Nouns like okho and 3;iaHHe have the ending -o/-e in the

nominative singular and are termed neuter. Nouns like ^ena and jickuhh, which have the
ending -a/->i in the nominative singular, as well as a small group of soft-stem nouns like
;iBepb, are termed feminine.

Masculine Neuter Feminine

iviyHiCKOH poj^ cpe;iHHH ^ojx >KeHCKHH poji
CTOJl OKH-6 rasex-a /iBCpb
6paT Mop-e KHHr-a CH6Hpb
CTy.n njiaxb-e J\€YAXW-n HOMb
yMHTCJlb 3MHH-e wjxt-n MaTb
TpaMBafl yMHJTHm-e CeMb-^ XlOMb

CTOJi-type OKHO -type raaexa-type ABcpb-type

1. Most rasexa-type nouns are feminine, but some of these nouns (nana, ^lejiyuiKa,
My^KMHHa, BaH>i, etc.) refer to male persons and decline like ra3exa-type
j^njiH^

nouns. These nouns are masculine in gender and take masculine agreement.
Diminutive names ending in -a/->i from first names referring to men are also
masculine in gender; diminutive names ending
from first names referring to
in -a/-«

women are feminine. Note the following diminutives which may be either masculine
or feminine:

Cama, Ulypa, CaH>i from A/iCKcaH^ip or AjieKcaH^pa

^enii from EBreHHH or EBrenHH
BajiH from Bajiepnii or BajiepHH or BajiCHXHH or BajiCHXHHa

2. The nouns \mn and epeiviii are neuter. They belong to a small group of neuter nouns
that have a special declension.

3. Some nouns like jienbrn (money), maxMaxbi (chess, a chess set), 6piOKH (pants),

mn (cabbage soup), and cjihbkh (cream) have only plural forms.

4. Most non-declinable nouns (xaKcii, Mexpo, khho, najibxo, Kacj^e^, c|)OHe) are
neuter. The non-declinable noun K6(^e is masculine, but some Russians use it as a
neuter noun.

5. Masculine nouns denoting professions or persons can also refer to women:

Ero iviaxb xopouinii lopncx. Ona moh jiyHuiHii jipyr.

In further discussion, the symbol -# will indicate a zero ending,

pronounced Ka(f)3

CnpdGOHHbiu omdeji mpu 3

CKjioHCHMe (Declension)

You know that nouns and adjectives change form according to case. Noun, pronoun, and adjective
declensions as well as the uses of cases will be reviewed in chapters 1-6. The tables below provide
a quick review of basic noun endings. Remember that "soft" vowels are spelled in the endings for
soft-stem nouns.

1. Hviena cymecTBHxejibHbie (Nouns)

EduHcmeeHHoe hucao
MyjKCKOH po;i cpejiHHH poji %eHCKHH po;i

N CTon cxyjieHT nMcarenb MeCTO 3naHMe rasexa HeaenH nCKUMH neepb

A CTon CTyncHTa nMcaTena MeCTO 3flaHMe rasexy Henenio JieKUMK) neepb
G CTO.ia CTyaeHTa nucaTena NiecTa 3flaHMH ra3exbi HejiejiM nCKUMM flsepM

P L 1 UJlC \, 1 ylxCri I c UHCa 1 CJlC Niecxe 3flaHMM ra3exe Heaene nCKUMM neepii
n
U cTOJiy cxyflCHTy nMcaTenK) Niecxy 3flaHMI0 rasexe Henejie JICKUMM neepM
I CTOJIOM CTyflCHTOM nMcaxeneivi MeCTOM 3flaHMeM rasexoii HCfleneii jieKUMeii fleepbio

MnoDfcecmeeHHoe hucao
N CTOJlbl cjyneHTbi nMcarejiM Mecxa 3JiaHM« rasexbi HCflCJlM nCKUMM neepM
A CTonbi cxyaeHTOB oMcaTeneii Mecxa 3flaHM« rasexbi HCflenM nCKUMM neepM
G CTOnOB CTyHCHTOB nMcaTencM Mecx 3flaHMM rasex HCflejib nCKUMM fleepeii

P CTonax CTyflCHTax niicaTenax Mccxax SHaHHHX rasexax Henenax JieKUHHX fleepax

D CTOJiaM cTyneHTaM HHcaTejiflM Mecxavi 3flaHHHM rasexavi HenenHM JieKUllflM flBepflM

I CTOJiaMM CTyflCHXaMM OMcaxenflMM MecxaMM 3aaHHJlMM rasexaiviM Hefleji«MM HeKUMHMM flSepHMI

2. BonpocMTCJibHbie m jiHHHbie MecTOMivieHMH (Interrogative and personal pronouns)

N KTO? MTO? TbI OH OHO ona Mbl Bbl OHH

A Kord? MTO? xedfl erd ee Hac Bac Hx
G Kord? Merd? MCHH xeSa erd ee Hac Bac HX
P KOM? MCM? MHC xe6e HeM HCil Hac Bac HHX
D KOMy? MCMy? MHC xe6e CMy HEM BaM HM
I KCM? MCM? MHOH XOSOM HM efi/cK) HaMM BaMM MMM

Remember that forms of oh, OHa, and ohm can refer to both animate and inanimate nouns.

3. MecTOMMeHMH-npMjiaraTejibHbie (Special modifiers)

N MOU, Moe MOH MOM TBOH, TBOe TBOH TBOH

A NorG MOld NorG NorG XBOld N orG
G Moerd Moeif MOHX XBoerd xBoeii TBOMX
P MOCM Moeii MOIfX XBOCM xBoeii XBOMX
D MOCMy Moeii MOHM XBOCMy XBoeii XBOMM
I MOMM Moeii MOHMH XBOMM XBOCM XBOMMM

4 nenibipe
 .

\ Ham. Hame Hama Hamjf Bam. Baiue Bama eamif

A N or G Himy N or G N or G Bi:::y N or G
G Hamero HameM Hamm Bamero Bamm
P HamcM HamcH Hamm Bame^i ^ — t < Bamn
D HameMT HameM Hami»i eamcMv samcM BamNM
I Haimm HamcH HamM!^ earn MM eameif eamMMif

\ 3TOT. ixo 3TU Oa H H. OOHO ooHa OJHH

A N orO Try NorG NorG OlHf NorG
G imx ojiHoro oiuun
P 3TOM yroU 3m o:ih6m ojHom oaiuMx
D 3TOMJ 3TOii 3THM onHOMy oiBoik OJHHM
I ITILXI TTOM TTTWMM OOHIfM onHoii

\ B e cb. Bce Bce TOT. TO Ta Te

A N or G Bcn NorG NorG NorG

G BCeH Bcex TOTO TOH TO.
P BceM Bcei Bcex TOM TOH Ttt
D BCCMV seed BCCM Toxiy TOH TCM
I BCCM 5:eH Bce>ni TOH

N H e H. 4be Hbfl >il>U

A N or G quo N or G
G Hbero qbCM qua
P HhCM Hbeik qun
D Mbeif qbim
I qbeM

4. HMeHa npH.iaraTe.Ti>Hbie (Adjectives)

The importam in the spelling of adjective endings. Review the

spelling rules are particularly
adjectives in die table on the next page and note how the spelling rules are observed in the
spelling of adjectives with stems ending in hushers and velars. Remember that masculine
adjectives with a stress on the ending have the ncmiinative singular ending -oiL Be sure that
you understand the spelling of the underlined endings.

namh ^ 5
Regular-Stem adjectives

Masc. Neuter Fern. Plural Masc, Neuter Fern. Plural

HOBblii, HOBOe HOBaa HOBbie 6onbmdii, Sojibuide Sojibmaa So.nbmHe

N MOJioiidii, MOJiOAoe MOJTOnaH MOJionbie xopdinMH, xopdmee xopdmaH xopdmMe
pyccKHM, pyccKoe pyccKaH pyccKiie

HOBVIO dojibiuyio
A NorG MOJlOnVK) NorG NorG xopdrnvH) NorG
pyCCKVH)

G HOBOrO HOBOH HOBblX 6onbiiidro doubmoM dojibmnx

pyccKoro pyccKoii pyccKMX xopdmero xopdmeH xopdmHx

P HOBOM HOBOil HOBblX dOJTbllldM donbuidii dojibmHX

pyccKOM pyccKoii pyCCKMX xopdmcM xopdmcH xopdmHX

D HOBOMV HOBOil HOBblM dojibiudMy do.ibmdii 6o.nbmHM

pyCCKOMV pyccKoii pyccKMM xopdmeMy xopdmeH xopdmHM

I HOBblM HOBOii HOBblMIf dOJlbUIMM dojTbindii So.nbmifMH

pyccKUM pyccKoii PVCCKIIMH xopduiiiM xopdmeH xopdmHMH

Soft-stem adjectives
Masculine. Neuter Feminine Plural
Adjectives with stems ending in a
N BeqepHHH. aeqepHee BeMepHsia BeqepHue
soft H- (nocjieflHMM, BeHepHMii)
are called "soft-stem adjectives."
A NorG BeMepHiOK) NorG
Review their endings in the table G BenepHero BeqepHeii BewepHHx
and note that the first vowel P BCMepHeM BeqepHeii BCMepHHX
spelled in the ending shows that D BCMepHeiviy BeMcpHeii BeqepHHM
the H- is soft. I BCMCpHMM BeMepHeii BCMepHHMH

5. OXHOCMTeJlbHOe MeCTOMMCHMe: KOTOpblli (KOTOpoe, KOTOpaa, KOTOpbie)

(The relative pronoun)

Masculine Neuter Feminine Plural

N KOTdp-biii Koxdp-oe Koxdp-aa Kordp-we

A N orG Koxdp-oe KOTdp-VK) NorG

G KOTdp-oro Kordp-oii KOXdp-blX

P Kordp-OM KOTdp-Oil Koxdp-bix

D KOTdp-OMV KOTdp-Oli KOXdp-bIM

I KOTdp-WM KOTdp-oii KOXdp-blMH

6 luecmb
 Remember the following facts about the relative pronoun KOTdpuii.

1. It has adjective endings.

2. It agrees in gender and number with its antecendent (the noun it refers to):
KHiira. KOTop-aa ne^KUT Ha cmie
CTyneHTbi, KOTOp-bie npnxojiLiH Ha coopanne
3. Its case is determined by how it is used in its own clause.

KOTopbie npHexajiH h3 Pocchh.

KOTOpblX TbI He BHacmb.
Bnepa npuxomuu CTyjieHTbi, « KOTopbix a xeoe paccKasbiea.i/a.
KOTopbiM Hy:«cHa Obi.ia noMoiub.
C KOTOpblMH TbI He BHaKOM/a.
pOJHTe.lH KOTOpblX 5bIJlH B PoCCHH.

Note that the genitive form of KOTopbiii follows the word it qualifies.

4. The English equivalents of KOTopbiii are that, which, who, or whose. We often omit these
words when we speak and write English, but in Russian. KOTopbiii cannot be ommitted.

KOTopbie TbI Kynii.i/a

KHiirii. the hooks you bought
CTyneHTbi. KOTopbix Mbi Biine.Tn the students we saw
cxyaeHTbi. o KOTopbix Mbi roBopwiiM the students we were talking about
CTyneHTbi. Kordpbie »:nByT b o6me:«;MTMflx students who live in dormitories

OSmHc xapaKTcpHCTHKH rjiarojioB

1. HacTOfliuee ii Syjymee epeMH (Present-future tense forms)

Russian verbs are classified according to their conjugation type: first conjugation
or second conjugation. Verb endings that show person (ii, xbi, on/a, Mbi, Bbi, ohh) combine with
imperfective verb stems to form the present tense and with perfective verb stems to form the
perfective future tense. We will refer to these endings as present-future (P/F) endings.
Review the differences in first- and second-conjugation verb endings in the chart below. Note
especially how first- and second-conjugation endings differ in the third-person plural form. Note
also that second-conjugation verb endings are spelled according to spelling rules.

First nepeoe cnp>i>KeHHe Bxopoe cnp>iJKeHHe Second

Conjugation {First conjugation) {Second conjugation) Conjugation
Endings Endings

-y/-K) y niim y MHXa H) roBop iO cnem y -K)

-euibZ-euib enib nHLU eiub MHXa eiub roBop HDIb cneuj umb -HUIb
-ex /-ex >Ka ex miuj ex MHXa ex roBop m cnein HX -HX
-oiZ-eM >Ka CM niiiii CM Muxa CM roBop HM cnem HM -HM
-exeZ-exe exe nHLU exe mixa exe roBop HTe cnem Hxe -Hxe
-yx/-M)x yx nuLu yT MHTa lOX roBop XT cnem ax -HX
«aaxb nHcaxb HHXaXb roBopiixb cneuiHXb
e when stressed

CnpdGOHHbiii omdeji CBMb 7

ydapenue (Stress patterns for present-future verb forms)

Conjugated verb forms can have fixed stress (stress that is fixed on the ending or on the stem) or
shifting stress (stress that shifts from the first person to the stem in all other conjugated forms.)

Fixed stress on ending Fixed stress on stem Shifting stress

>KHB y roBop id e ny roT BJIK) nnui y XOJK y

JKHB euih roBop imib e jeiiib roT 6 BHllIb n H uieiub X 6
ex roBop HT e jeT roT o BUT n H mex X o mi
^
CM roBop KM e JCM roT o BHM n H UICM X o flHM
:»v;iiB exe roBop e jexe roT o BHXe n H mexe X o ZIHXe
>KHB yr roBop At e roT o BHT n H myx X o ZIHX

2. Ilpouieauiee epeiviH (Past-tense forms)

In the past tense, verbs do not conjugate, but agree with their subject in number and, in the
singular, in gender.

• To form the past tense for most verbs with infinitives ending in -xb

1. remove the -xb 2. Add

MHXaXb (masc.) -ji Miixa Ji

(fern.) -jia Muxa ji a

(neut.) -JIG HHxa Ji o
(pi.) -AU MHXa JI H

See more on the past tense in Chapter 2, pages 64-66.

3. Bynymee epevifl HecoeepiueHHoro Biina (Imperfective future forms)

• To form the imperfective future, add an imperfective infinitive to a conjugated form of
6bixb:

Syjiy
6y;iemb
6y;iex MHxaxb, nncaxb, roBopiixb
6yjieM
6y;iexe

8 GOCeMb
 IIpHMafl M KOceeHHaH pent (Direct and indirect speech)

UpRMaR peub KoceeHHaH pent

(direct speech/quoted speech) (indirect speech/reported speech )

McHH He Syner noMa. — CKasaji MapK. MapK mto erd He Synex romsl.
cKa3a/i,
"I won't be home," Mark said. Mark said he wouldn't be home.
Kto xaM 5bLi? —
cnpocHJia KaTfl. Kara cnpocn.ia, kto xaM 6biJi.

"Who was there?" asked Katya. Katya asked who was there.

Tbi noMneiiib b OacceilH cerdnHH Kaxji xoxena 3Haxb (cnpocii.xa), noiiaex

BeMepoM? —
cnpocHjia Kaxa MapKa. JIM MapK B 6acceMH cerdnHa BenepoM.

"Are you going to go swimming tonight?" Katya wanted to know if Mark was
Katya asked Mark. going swimming tonight.

SanoMHHxe!

1. In indirect speech in Russian, the verb in the "reported" speech is in

same tense as in the original question or statement.

2. when the words indicating the speaker come

In direct speech, after the
words quoted, the verb must precede the subject.
— Kyaa xbi iijieujb? — cnpocHJi/a on/a. (verb precedes subject)
"Where are you going?" he!she asked, (subject precedes verb)

3. In Russian, a dash (
— ) is used as one of the ways to indicate direct speecl

Cows JIH

1. JIM is an interrogative conjunction that points out a word in question.

2. Its Enghsh equivalent is whether or //.

3. Unlike the English word //. jim always comes after the word(s) in question.

Note how JIM is used in indirect questions:

UpRMdn peub KocGCHHaR peub

McHH cnpocH.xii: Bbi eaexe b Poccmio MeHfl cnpocMJiM, ejiy jim a b Poccmk) 3xhm
3XMM nexoM? jiexoM.
MeHfl cnpocilxii: Bbi eaexe b Poccmio MCHH CnpOCMJlM, B PoCCMIO JIM H Cfly 3XMM
3XMM nexoM? .nexoM.
Mena cnpocnnii: — Bbi eaexe b Poccmio MeHH cnpocMJiM, 3tmm JIM jiexoM a eny
3TMM jieXOM? B Pocciiio.

CnpdGOHHbiu omdeji dcGRnib 9

 OpenjidrH (Spelling and pronunciation of prepositions)

1 . Prepositions ending in consonants usually add -o before words beginning with consonant
clusters that would be difficult to pronounce together with the preposition. Some of the
more common preposition-noun combinations of this type are:

BO BnajiMBOcTOKe bo mto? co bccm. co bccmm

BO BTOpHHK KO MHC CO BTOpHHKa
BO-BTOpblX HajIO MHOM CO MHOll
BO MHC nepejio mhom co cbomm
BO CKOUbKO CO CTCHbl
BO OnopMfle CO cxona

2. O, 06, 060. The preposition o occurs before words beginning with consonants and the
vowels e, e, 10 and a. 06 occurs before words beginning with the vowels a, 3, ii, o, and y.

o HameM rdpojie o erd (o ee) paSoTe o KDjkhoiI ANiepiiKe 06 O.ibre

050 occurs before the object pronouns mhc, bccm, and Bcex.

51 3Haio o5o BCCM (o5o Bcex). / know about everything (everyone).

Bbi roBopnxe o5o mhc? Are you speaking about me?

^ PyccKHH noHepK (Notes on Russian handwriting)

Most Russians never learn to print and are taught cursive writing in the first grade. Since most
person-to-person writing in Russia is still done by hand, you must learn to read Russian hand-
writing quickly and form Russian letters correctly when you write so that others will be able to
read your handwriting easily. Below are several points that you should remember.

1 . All capital letters, including 3, y, and h are written above the line:

Correct: t^O. ifLo^CC. "{^ i/f-^yeHJi.

Incorrect: iia^c>ticZ'- _ ^^^/ULfJcX.

2. Write the Russian letters m and if like the English letter u. Don't forget that m and ii are
different letters that represent different sounds. Writing the small half circle over the letter
if in Russian is as important as crossing a t or dotting an i in English.

10 decHnxh
 3. Do not write the Russian letter m like the English letter w, and be sure not to write the
Russian m like an English v. Be sure that the final stroke of the letters m and ui comes back
to the bottom of the letter.

Correct: Incorrect:

Correct: ^hU Incorrect:

4. Note how the letters m and m are formed at the beginning of a word and how they are
joined to other letters:

5. Many Russians write the letters ui and t the same way, but they put a line above the letter

T and a line below the letter m.

CAA^
L4A/

6. Some Russians write the letter t as or L

^^^^ or
Ifyou prefer the second variant, make sure that he letter is the same height as other letters
and that the stem does not curve as it touches the line:

Correct: (^T Incorrect:

7. Note how the Russian letter p is written:

p,
^^Jau ^^foc^
'

8. Note how the letter n is written at the beginning and in the middle of a word: 'ftdyH^CO

9. Note how the letters h and jt, and a and m are joined:

JU^ -^^^
10. The letter m. is not difficult to write if you remember that it consists of five separate
strokes. The first stroke is similar to the stroke used to make the letter x. Note how is

connected to the previous letter:

CnpdGOHHhiii omdeji oduHHadifantb 11

 MHOCTpaHHbie CJioea (Transliteration offoreign words into Russian)

Russian, like other languages, contains foreign words which have simply been transliterated
into the language phonetically. Words have been borrowed into Russian from western
languages, and many English words like x655m, cjiaiiflbi, Hoxay, ^MsaiiH, jimuHCbi, aMcnjieii,
KOMnbioTep, MCHejiiKMeHT, TecT, 64)HC have become commonplace in both spoken and
written Russian.

1. Russian has no exact phonetic equivalent for the English sound "h" and, therefore, this

sound is transliterated into Russian by both the letters r and x.

Before World War II, the "h" sound in foreign words was usually transliterated into
Russian by the letter r. Therefore, Russians say:

rMTJiep Teupn (renpHx)

Fapeapn (rapBapacKUM yHMBepcMTex) FaHHiiSaji
FaMjiex Faara
FaiiflH FapjiCM

2. The English sound "j" (as in words such as gentleman, jam, jazz and names such as Joe, Jimmy,
Jane, Jacqueline) is usually transliterated into Russian as "fl>K."

J^mecciiKa jimHHCbi
H^MMMM flmMy-3«MTCy
Jimem Jl,jKopfl>K
jl^eHTejibMCH

3. The letter w in nouns or proper names is often transliterated by the vowel y:

YOJIT yMTMCH
J^meiiMC yiiCTjiep
yiiJibJiM IIIeKcnMp
yOJlT J^MCHCM
uioy
yMK-3Ha

But: BauiMHrTOH

12 dGehddifamb
I
 AABAi;^TE n03HAKOMMMC5l!

# flSblK B >KM3HM
jUaeaMTe nosHaKOMMMca!
Mwp TeceH
HenpMHTHoe npoiiciiiecTBMe
riMCbMO MapKa

# foBopiiTe npaenjibHo!

Bbipa>KeHMe MecTa (1)

rde? —
Ilpefliid^KHbiM nane*:
Kydd? —
BMHMTejibHbiM nafle:»c
OntKyda? —
PoflMTenbHbiii naae:*:
HoBTOpeHMe rnardnoB

# Kyjibiypa
KaK nHcaTb nwcbMa
KaK pyccKMe cTyaeHTbi BbiSMpaiOT cneuwanbHOCTM
HasBaHMH iiiTaxoB CIUA
MMCHa, KOTOpbie 3HaK)T Bce pyccKMe: A. C. HyiuKUH

^ OOsopHbie saAaHun
CrpyKTypa npeflno:«:eHMa
PairoBop
IlMCbMO
Htchmc

mpuHddifanib 13
BpeMCHa MCHfllOTCH

AMepMKaHUbi Moryx noexaxb yqMTbcn mhm

paSoxaxb b Poccmk), a pyccKwe npMesiacaiox
yqMXbca m paSdxaxb b AMepMKy.
MapK ^eiic nojiaex sasBneHMe b Poccmmckmm
rocyziapcxBeHHbiH ryNiaHMxapHbiii yHMBcpcMxex,
Hx65bi qepe3 ron noexaxb ymixbca b MocKBy.
A B 3X0M rojxy rpynna cxynenxoB m3 Poccmm Ha
rofl npMexajia no oSMCHy b AMepMKy. HanpMMep,
Kaxa Mopd30Ba Syaex ymixbca b yHMBepCMxexe b
HbK)-MdpKe, a Fana BeprenbcoH b yHiiBepCMxexe b
KajiMcjDopHMM. M6»:ex 6bixb, kx6-xo m3 hmx Synex
yMMXbCH y Bac yHMBepcMxexe?
b
Co cxyfleHxaMM npMexana pyKOBOflMxenbHMua
BM3MXHafl KapXOHKa (BM3MXKa)
rpynnbi, JlioSoBb CepreesHa Beno3epcKaH,
npo4)eccop Mockobckofo rocyaapcxBCHHoro
yHMBepcMxexa.
ECJIM Bbl XOXMXe C HMMM nOSHaKOMHXbCH,
cnymaMxe m HMxaiixe pa3roBdp "flaBaiixe
no3HaKdMMMCfl!" Ha cxpaHMue 15.

14 nembipHadifamb Fjiaod 1
a3MK B iKH3HH

JlaBaiiTe noaHaKOMMivicfl!

Note: These are not dialogues, but group conversations. The speakers are not marked,
because all of you are the speakers.

— no3HaKdMMMC5i. Mena lOByx IlK)5dBb CepreesHa.

JUaBaiiTe
— OxKyjia Bbi?
— H M3 MoCKBbl.
— A M3 nexepOypra.
5J

— A M3 Tynbi, ho ynycb Mockbc. b

— Meufl 30ByT MapK yqycb ua BxopoM Kypce.
Meiic. 51

— Ha KaKOM (|)aKyjlbTeTe? What's your major?

Ha 3K0H0MMHeCK0M.
— A Ha no/iHTOJiorHH.
51

— A eme ne Bbi5paji/a 4)aKyjibTeT.

— Ha KaKOM Kypce? TBI What year are you?
— Ha nflTOM.
Ha HHTOM?
— Mbi yqMMCfl mecTb ncT.
j],a,

— A nyMan/a, mto acnMpanx/Ka. xbi

— A OTKyaa?
Tbi
— pojiMnca/poHMJiacb na CpejjHeM
9{ 3anafle.
— Ah na BOCTOKe CUIA.
Bbipoc/jia
— Ah Bbipoc/na Kanajie, b ABcrpaniiM m Hoboh 3enaHflMM.
:«;HJi/a b

1-1 HHbiMu cjiOBaMM. OStflCHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. ^ M3 MoCKBbl.
2. H y^ycb na BTopoM Kypce.
3. acnwpaHT/Ka
4. 9{ Bbipoc/na b Kanajie.

1-2 noroBopilM o ce5e. CnpocMxe npyr jipyra.

1. OxKyxta Bbi?
2. Bbi BbipocHM na boctokc CIUA? Ha sanaae? Ha CpeAHCM 3anafle? Mhm bbi Bbipocjiw
B xaKOM?
B flpyroM CTpane?
3. Ha KaKOM bu Kypce? Ha nepBOM? Ha BTopoM? Ha xpexbeM? Ha qexBepxoM?
4. Ha KaKOM ^JaKynbxexe Bbi yHMxecb?
5. Bbi acnwpaHx/acniipaHXKa?
6. Bbi yHMxecb b nacxHOM yHMBepcMxexe mjim b yHMBepcMxexe mxaxa?

JJaedume nosHaKOMUMcn! nHmnddi^amb ^

 Hjih Bamero CBej;eHif$i

B PoccMH aSiixypMeHTbi (university applicants) oSlimho BbiSnpaiOT cneuMajibHOCTb cpa3y,

Korni noiiaKST saaBJieHwe b yHWBepCMreT hjivl b MHCTMTyx. rio-STOMy no-pyccKW mh roBopMM:

«fLnocxynaio na (j^MxiojiorMMecKMM (HCTopwHecKMH. 4)H3MMecKMH) f|)aKyjibTeT» hjih «H

ynycb Ha (JjMJiojiorMHecKOM (hctophmcckom. (|)M3MqecK0M) (J)aKyjTbTeTe», b to BpcMH KaK
no-aHruMMCKM Mbi roBopHM: "I'm majoring in literature (history, physics)." BojibiuMHCTBO
npenMeTOB oSflBaxejibHbie (required), ho ecTb m 4)aKynbTaTMBHbie npeflMCTbi (electives). B
poccMMCKMx yHMBepCMTerax oSh^ho ecTb cneayiomMe (J)aKyjibTeTbi:

ryMAHMTAPHblE <DAKyjlbTETH ECTECTBEHHO-HAyHHHE 3>AKyjlbTETbI

HCTOpMMecKMii 4)aKyjibTeT 6nojiorMMecKMM 4)aKynbTeT
4>aKyjibTeT jKypHaniiCTHKM reoqpa4)M^iecKMM 4)aKyjibTeT
(|)H-ao/iorHMecKHH 4>aKynbTeT reonorMMecKMM c|)aKynbTeT
4)HJ10Cd4)CKMM (JjaKyJlbTCT MaxeMaTHMecKMM 4)aKyjibTeT
3K0H0MMHeCKHM (|)aKyiIbTeT XMMMqecKHM 4>aKyjibTeT
KDpMflMHeCKMM ^JaKyjlbTCT 4)aKynbTeT ncMxouorMM
4)M3MHecKMM 4)aKynbTeT

1-3 BoT TaKaH CMxyamiH. PasbirpaiiTe.

1. flaBaiiTe nosHaKOMMMca. Get acquainted with the students in your class. Walk around
the room asking each other these questions. Then report to the class whom you've met.

Cnpocume dpye dpyza

a. KaK xeSfl 30ByT?

5. OxKyaa Tbi?
B. Fne Tbi pojiHncq/pojiMnacb?
r. Ffle Tbi Bbipoc/na?
fl. Ha KaKOM Tbi 4)aKynbTeTe? Ha KaKOM xbi Kypce?

2. The Russian students have come with their professor, JlioGoBb CepreeBua. Talk to her and
ask her some questions. Remember to say Bbi. Your teacher can play JlioSoBb CepreeBHa
or himself/herself.

Miip TeccH (Ifs a small world.)

— OoBHaKOMbTecb, no^ajiyiiCTa!
— 3x0 KaTH. A 3XO Tom.
— OqeHb npiiqxHo!
— A 3X0 Bepa.
— HpHBex!
— Mbi yxe 3HaK6Mbi.
— Mbi no3HaKdMMJincb BMepa.
— Ha no .xnxepaxype.
jieKuiiM
— Mbi pflflOM CMnejiii.
— Mnp xeceH.
16 mecniHddtfamb Fjiaed 1
 .

1-4 KaK CKaiaTb no-pyccKM? j],aMTe pyccKwe 3KBMBajieHTbi.

1. Please meet Sasha. 4. We met yesterday.

2. Nice to meet you. 5. It's a small world.
3. We've already met.

1-5 BoT TaKaH CMxyauMH. Pa3birpaMTe. Bbi xoTMxe nosnaKOMMTb cbomx flpysew Apyr c
ApyroM. HO ohm y:*ce 3HaKdMbi.

HenpMHTHoe npoMCUiecTBMe (An unpleasant incident)

— Hto to6om? c
^TO CJiyMMJIOCb? BOAHTHJIbCKOE yflOCTOBEPEIIHE
USSR
— ^To npoii30iiJJi6?
PERMIS OE CONDUIRK C C C P CSU")

— noxepan/a 6yMa»:HMK.
51 Hmji
Aj
— Mto hcm 6buio?
b
Ot'k-ctho Jtri: -_|

— CTyjieHqecKMM Smiex? ^M^^^-i^a

i/^l^d!^^Z-
^
1
irriK> ^^>>IT^J»^} h -liX^O CMJInqxt

— BoflMxeiibCKMe npaBa? .McCTO»MT.-,1K tl»)

AHr<'Moft».aH, njirjiiiux;)' :>'!•< Ill '

— KpeflMXHbie KapxoMKM? AAK

C t'uFt IMNCIIHBJtt.HMi') ncc
«,Hi.uir»ci ASOOiif fT70(f4.^.n.,«

ABTUMO0MII.
tj-i-i-i'-"

— ^CKOBaa KHM^LKa?
ll(ftJltmt>SU<:iii:

.V^ 553716 D
— M Bce MOM A rdnofleH/ronoAHa Kax bohk.
flCHbrM. n f»filM B, C lt*lt 1). »OT0puMH •<>•

— JUaxb xe6e flener?

ittiMk hmcpt J'pano ynf^v.mb,

— Bonbiude cnacMdo. saBxpa Bepny. 51

BOflMxenbCKMe npaBa
hnner J*
a
* H. O. .

MiiTare-TH oofnan crporo Bbino.iiiiiTb ripasMJia mxibjcna-

HHS PfE.
3a HapyiiieHHe npaBM.- iiiiTaTC.-ib ncccTOTBeTi-TBeHHOCTb.
npea\cMOTpeHHyK) laKOHDnaTe.ibcrsoM trpaHW m npaBH;iaMH
-* no.ibioBaHMd PF K
"irj-
j riodnuch
Tc.iedioHbi:
-.Wi
SKipo cnpaBOK bHo.iHorcKii ("J— 21") 202-57-90
flpHCM wKawB :i)3-;i-ij|. 2(12-8(1-%
202-?K-2i. 2U2 ->)?-''
MiiTa;ibHbn: lanbi: .V I 222-S?-'>ii
.V- 2 222-S5-.M
.V- .i 222-S3-37

HHXaxeJlbCKHH OHJieX .V» -i 222-S4.46

riociieaHHH rione.ie.ibHHK Ka«aoro Mecnua — caHiirap-
HMt) aCHb.

1-6 JIoKyivieHTbi. Odi-HCHMxe BaiiiMM pyccKMM apysbflM, CryAEHqECKMH BMJIEX Nq /O/S'/ss

KaKMe AOKyMCHXbi ecxb y Bac b 6yMa»:HMKe m 3aMeM ohm
Hy:»CHbi. JUaiixe KaK m6»:ho 66jibme oxbcxob.

06pa3en: — 3aMeM Hyxen cxyneHMecKMM Smhcx? OrqecTBO

Bpettji nocTywimni
— xord Mxddbi xoAHXb dacccMH. b amywrr ^^CCT-^^rj ^^^^ q
— 3aMeM eme?
— xord Hxddbi
J^jifl . .
Kl^TOp (PCKTOp) ^/iC^C

cxyACHMecKMii dnnex

JJaediime nosHaKOMUMcn! ceMHddifantb 17

 )

1-7 BoT TaKan CMxyauMH. Bbi b Poccmm. Bli noTepHUM 5yMa:*:HMK. PaccKa:»cMTe
MMJiMUMOHepy {a Russian policeman), ^^o b hcm Sujio, rae m kek bm erd noxepflnw.

1-8 AHKCxa. MapK xomct nocxynHXb e yHMBepcMxex b Mockbc. HpocMOxpHxe aHKexy,

Koxopyio OH BanoKHMJi, M HawflMxe cneflyromyK) MH^^opMauMK).

1. Ha KaKoe oxneneHwe OH nojiaex saaeneHMe? 4. B KaxoM oh okohmmh cpeflHioio uiKony?

rojiy
2. Ha KaKOM (|)aKynbxex oh nocxynaex? 5. KaxoM MHOCxpaHHuM hsuk oh Msynaji?
3. KaKyio cpejiHiOK) uiKony oh okohmmji?

PEKTOPy POCCMtiCKOrO
rOCVAAPCXBEHHOrO ryMAHMTAPHOrO yHMBEPCMTETA
OT rp. _

SAnenEHUE
ripoLuy flonycTi/iTb MeHPi k BcrynnTenbHbiM 3K3aMeHaM adh nocrynneHUFi
Ha QtK£J:rHyO-Q^ oxfleneHne
^ (flHeBHoe, BeMepnee, aaoHHoe)

cjDaKynbTera Cc^iK^ 1/) d^kJCXX^ %UKO C^jvCUiU€ W

^ (HanMeHOBBHue ct^aKyribTeTa)

1. OilMH/lHfl, ItMH, OTMCCTBO,

n 2. <I)opMa oOyMciinfl (fliicniiafl. BCMcpiiHsi, 3aoMiiaH) Qdt^Ja.Hi^^?^.

° 3. OaKy/iurcT. cn<^wd.n\,\\oz^\,...b(UC(<^K<^.{^....U^

H 4. Foa po>KaciiHH {3.!^.S.-^.

^ 5. rion (My>KCKOii, >KciicKnii) \A(i'.lA:',k{4r.^^^^.{^..

T 6. rpa>KnaiicTBO (iiasDaiiMe rocyaapcTBa) .W<..^^kZ ^

7. MccioAii ic;ibciDO (MocKBa, Mock. o6n., ap. pcrM0iibi).;,^[<<ir^..T..^^^/6^.

a OKOimMn(a)^Mc6iioc saBcaeimc:
6
8. HuiiMciioDaiiMc cpcaiicii mKo;ibi ^.CL!A<-.ffSiQ.H^..^..iJ!d<iri^..'.^^

9. foa OKOiniaiiiifl cpcaneii liiKonu ;^?i£.-.?..^: :

10. HiiocrpaiiiibiH fl3biK (aiiraMiicKitii, iicmcukhm, (JjpaimyacKMM, ncnaiiCKnii, ap.
P
n fl'JblKll ) .. ^i.^!Lq.!)U.<^.oi.
e
laan rpa>Kaaii PO'
H
T 11. Cav>K6a b BC^

rioM ioBbiii iiriacKc ii aapcc, aoMauiiiHii -xzntd^ow cayxc6iibiii Teacc})oi

C nPABMnAMM nPMEMA B PrrV OSHAKOMHEH (03HAK0MJIEHA)

(noanMCb aSHTypMcii ra)

Aiija noaa'iii -jaflBJiciinfl

1
PoccHHCKaH OeaepauHH
^ BoopyjKCHHbie chjiw

18 GoceMHadifantb
1-9 Box xaKaa CMTvauMJi. PasbirpaMxe.

1. pyccKMM ApysbflM, qro Haflo cflejiaxb, qxdSbi nocxynnxb

06Tj5icHMTe BaiiiMM
B yHweepcHxex s AMepMKe.
2. OS-bHCHMxe, noMCMy eu nocxynHJiH b 3xox yHMBepcMxex (KonnefliK).

IlHCbMO MapKa

24 ceHXfl6pa

^opo^Me apysba!

McHa 30Byx MapK Meiic. Mhc jieBflXHajmaxb nex. H y^ycb Ha

BxopoM Kypce KonyM6MMCKoro yHMsepcMxexa, ho 3 eme He Bbi6pan
4)aKyjibxex. Mom oxeu 5M3HecMeH, a Maxb lopwcx, ho hm Smshcc, hm
•npaBo MCHH He MHxepecyiox. CeiiMac a wnxepecyiocb skohommkom
II eBponeMcKOM MCxopMcM.

51 pomncn Ha CpeaneM 3anafle b uixaxe MnmiaHa, ho mu mhofo

pa3 nepee3:«;ajiM, m xenepb Moi ceMbsi :«;MBex Ha sanajoiHOM

no6epe:«be CIIIA, na Tmxom oKeane, a a TKviBy na bocxokc CIIIA,
Ha 5epery AxjianxiiqecKoro OKeana.
B jiexcxBe a mhofo saHMManca cndpxoM. B jiecaxoM Knacce
Mrpan b 5acKex56n b lUKOJibHOM KOManfle. CeiiHac a wHoraa njiaBaio
M wrpaio B xeHHMC.
H OMeHb fiK)6fiK) :»cMB6xHbix, y nac jjOMa Bcerjia 6bma mhm
co6aKa, hjih KOUiKa. B 3xom rojiy a yKHBy b o6me:«;MXMM, m xaM ne
paspemaiox Aep:acaxb co6aKy. Y mchh ecxb aKBapwyM c pbiSxaMM
M 'XONiaK.
^ nojiyMHji cxMneHflMK), Mxd5bi roa yMHXbca b Poccmm.
» MHe y^KacHO Hafloeno :«;MXb b o6me:>KMXMM. Korjxi a npMeay b
MocKBy, a xony cnaxb KBapxMpy hjih KOMHaxy. He Md:«:exe nvi Bbi

noMOMb MHe 3X0 cflenaxb?

3apaHee BaM SnaroAapen.
Bam
MapK Weiic

JJaedume nosHaKOMUMCHl deGHntHddifamb 19

 Expressing interest

You can use either the verb MHTepecoBaxb or the verb MHTepecoBaTbca to express your
interest in someone or something.

If you use the verb MHTepecoBaTbc», the thing or person you are interested in is in the

instrumental case.

rtyiUKUHblM.
R HHxepecyiocb <
MameMdmuKou.

Pushkin,
I'm interested in
{ mathematics.

If you use the verb MHTepecoBaTb. the thing or person that interests you is the
subject of the verb and is in the nominative case. The person who is interested

(in something or someone) is the object of the verb and is in the accusative case.

Kino? UyiuKUH.
MeHH HHTepecycT
^ Htno: MameMamuKa.

Pushkin,
I'm interested in
{ mathematics.

1-10 KaK cKa3aTb no-pyccKM? jUaiiTe pyccKMe 3KBMBaiieHTbi.

1. I'm a sophomore (a freshman, a junior, a senior).

2. I was born on the West coast (on the East coast).
3. I major in ...

4. I hice animals.

5. My family moved around a lot.

6. I play sports.
7. In my childhood I played on a school team.

1-11 MapK M Bbi. Bbi npOMMTauM nMCbMO MapKa. Mto b erd «;m3hm noxd»:e Ha Bauiy, a
MTO He noxd^e. 3aflaMTe flpyr apyry Bonpdcbi.

1. MapKy 19jieT. A eaivi?

2. MapK :>KHBeT na BOcxdMHOM no5epe:»cbe CUIA. A Bbi?
3. MapK yMHTCH b qacTHOM yHHBepcMxexe. A Bbi?

1-12 noroBopiiivi o ce6e. Talk about yourself using the same format as Mark does.

20 doddifamb Fjiaad 1
rOBOPHTE nPABHJlbHOr
^ BbipameHHe Mccra (1) (Expressing place)

Location Destination Place from where

Prepositional case Accusative case Genitive case

npefln6»:HbiM najie^c BMHMxenbHbiM naae*; PoflMxenbHUM na^ex

Tfle? Kyfla? OiKVfla?

3fleCb ciofla OTciofla

TaM lyfla OTiyfla

flOMa flOMOPi M3 flOMa or M3 flOMy

B yHUBepcMTeie B yHMBepcmeT MS yHMBepcuTeia

Ha KOHuepie Ha KOHuepr c KOHuepra

IIpeflJiorM e m na. The prepositions b and Ha are used with nouns to denote location and
destination. In answer to the question Kyfla, b denotes motion to the inside of, in answer to the

question r^e, b denotes location inside of. In answer to the question Kyaa, Ha denotes motion
onto the surface of, in answer to the question r^e, Ha denotes location on the surface of.

ITonoxM SyMarM na ctoji. Put these papers on the desk.

Ilono^KM 6yMarM b ctoji. Put these papers in the desk.
IlMCbMO B/na CTOJie. The letter' s in/on the desk.

Many nouns, however, regardless of what they denote, are used only with b and the accusative
and prepositional cases or only with na and the accusative and prepositional cases.

Mbi xomim B SacceiiH. (Kydd?) Mbi xomirn na 4)MJibivi. (Kydd?)

Mbi SbinM B SacceMHe. (ede?) Mbi Sujim na cJjHJibivie. (ede?)

ynoTpeSjiCHMe npeajioroe e n Ha
The following examples are given as answers to the question rae.

• Use the preposition b with the names of cities and countries and with nouns that

denote closed or covered spaces.

B CaHKT-IleTepSypre b Poccmm
B KBapxiipe B 5IndHMM
B yHiiBepcMxeTe b uiKOJie

/Jaodume nosHahOMUMcn! deddi^antb oduH 21

 Use the preposition Ha with nouns that denote open spaces or to indicate presence at a

function, event, or performance.

Open spaces Functions or events

Ha nnomauM Ha ((J)yT5dnbHOM) Maxne

Ha cTajiMOHe Ha yytiUHQ (3aBTpaKe, oSeae)
Ha ynmxe Ha neKUHM
Ha ocxaHOBKe Ha KOHuepxe
Ha CXaHUMM Ha 4)MnbMe

The following nouns are used with the preposition na.

Ha noMTC Ha nane Ha BOCTOKe Ha raBafiaxi Ha Ka4)eape

Ha KaBKase Ha B0K3ane Ha 3anafle Ha Ky6e Ha Kypce
Ha Ypajie Ha (nepBOM) 3Ta:ace Ha ceBcpe Ha YKpaHHe^ Ha 3aHaTMS[X
Ha flMCKOTCKe Ha K5re Ha AnflCKe Ha 4)aKyiibTeTe

The English equivalent of na and b with a noun in the prepositional case is often at.
The use of English at or in is usually determined by the qualified noun in English.

Tbi cerdnHji Gyaeuib na BaHHTiiax? Are you going to be in class today?

Ohm Td:»ce yqaxcH b 3tom vHiiBepcMxeTe. They're also students at this university.
^ MX BCTpexMna Ha KOHuepre. I ran into them at a concert.

After unprefixed verbs of motion, the English equivalent of na and b with a noun in
the accusative case is usually to.

^ MHy Ha SaHHTHH. I'm on my way to class.

Ohm :ik56hx xoztiixb na 4)MJib\ibi y:»cacoB. They like to go to horror movies.

1-13 IlpGBepbxe ce5fl. Use e or na and explain why you've chosen it.

1 . Bqepa Becb flCHb a 6bina dMSnMoxexe.

2. Mom npyihi noexann Tokmo.

3. Ohm nrpaiox b 4)yx5d.x cxaAMdne.

4. Mne Hy:<<:HO noiixM .neKUMio.

5. KaKdM (JjaKyjibxexe bm yMMxecb?

6. Bbi He xoxiixe cerdnHH eeMepoM nofixM KOHUepX;

Nominative is Faeduu.
Since the USSR ceased to exist, e YKpauHe (in Ukraine) has become a more acceptable form. Many
Russians, however, still say na YKpaune (in the Ukraine).

22 doddiianib daa Fjiaad 1

 .

nPEHJlOKHblM nAHE>K (The prepositional case)

Location. The prepositions b and na are used with nouns in the prepositional case to answer
the question rjie?

MapK yMHTCH Ha BTopoM Kypce. Mark's a sophomore

Ohh :*:HByT e o6uie>KHTHH. They live in the dorm.
Mbl nOBHaKOMIIJIHCb B uepKBH. We met at church.
Ohh yHaxca b pa3Hbix yHHeepcHxexax. They go to different universities.

Okohhuhusi cymecmeumeAbHbix e npedAODtcuoM nadeotce

Declinable nouns, regardless of gender, have prepositional singular forms ending in -e or -m.

J^Bcpb-type nouns and

B Cm6mp-m
nouns with m- before the
Ha JieKUM-H
ending take the ending
-M in the prepositional
ynpajKHCHMe B ynpa>KHeHM-M

singular. Ka(|)eTepHH B Ka(f>eTepH-M

All other nouns take

CTO/I Ha CTOJi-e
the ending -e in the
nopT4)ejib B nopTcjjeji-e
prepositional singular.
TpaMBaii Ha xpaMBa-e
OK HO Ha OKH-e
CCMbH B CCMb-e
nana Ha naq-e

Remember that the following masculine nouns have the special

stressed ending -y/-i6 when they denote location.

rde?
aapondpx airport B a3ponopx-y
6^per shore, coast Ha 5eper-y
jiec forest B Jiec-y
no.i floor Ha non-y
row B (nepBOM) pan-y

fcan garden B ca/i-y

^ron corner B/na yn-y
uiKacJ) closet, cupboard B/na mKa4>-y
pan paradise B pa-id

/Jaodiime nojuaKOMUMcn! deddifattib mpu 23

1-14 IIpoBepbTe ce5fl. OxBeTbTc na Bonpdc «rAe bh 6binM?»

06pa3eu: — Yjxt bbi 5biiiM? ucHxp

— B ucHxpe.
6M5jiMOTeKa o6me}KMTMe anxeKa
6acceiiH KOHLiepx mKac|D 3naHMe
caA 6eper CMSrfpb EBpona
MarasMH ypoK MyscM
KMHO Ka4)eflpa a3pon6pT napK

Declinable nouns, regardless of gender, have prepositional plural forms ending in -ax or -ax.

Nouns with stems ending in

CXOJl Ha cxon-^x
a hard consonant or a husher
take the ending -ax yHHBepCMX^X m B yHHBepcMx^x-ax
in the prepositional plural.
-ax OKHO Ha OKH-ax

Mqa Ha jxiM-2tX

KOIIJieflJK B KonjicH^-ax

Nouns with stems ending

r KacjjexepiiH B Ka4)exepH-HX
consonant J|
in a soft or-ii

take the ending -ax in the IP Ha jieKUM-Rx tHB

prepositional plural.
-ax ynpa:«:HeHMe B ynpavKHCHH-HX J
xpaMBaM B xpaMBa-ffx

nopx4)ejib B nopx4)^ ji -xx^^^m

1-15 npoeepbxe ce5fl, OxBexbxe Ha Bonpoc «rfle?»

06pa3eu: — Fjie?yniiBepcMxexbi
— B yHMBepcMxexax.
JieKHMM o5me«MXMfl KOHUepXbl KnySbi
napKM pecxopaHbi MySCM
MarasMHbi Ka(j3exepMM anxcKM Kypcbi
KBapxMpbi KOMHaXbl rOCXMHMHbl SacceiiHbi

24 doddifamb nembipe rjiasd 1

Okohhuhusi npuAaedmeAbHbix u MecmouMeHuu-npuAaedmeAbHUX
e npedAOJfCHOM nadeoice

• Adjective and special modifiers for masculine and neuter nouns have the endings
-omZ-cm.

-OM Ha Haiu-eM 4)mioco4)CK-OM 4)aKyjibTeTe in our philosophy department

-EM Ha CpeiiH-eM Sana^e in the Midwest

Remember that cpejiHMii is a soft-stem adjective (see p. 6).

• Adjective and special modifiers for feminine nouns have the endings -oii/-eii.

-OM . aMepMKaHCK-oii cpeflH-eii iiiKone in an American high school

-EM BO BC-eH Haui-eii crpane in our entire country

1-16 OpoBepbTe ceOa. OxBeTbre Ha Bonpoc «rfle?»

06pa3eu: — Fae? SonbiuoM yHMBepcwxex

— B OojibuiOM yHMBepcMTCTe.
MHxepecHasi ncKUMfl 3X0X yHMBepcMxex xpyflHbiM Kypc
ManeHbKMM KonjiefliK cpeflHflfl uiKOJia 3xa ManeHbKaa KOMHaxa
3anaflHoe no5epe«:be noporoM pecxopaH Hame o6me:»cMXMe

Adjective and special modifiers for plural nouns have the endings -bix/-MX.

-MX B cxap-bix aMepMKancK-MX yHMBepcMxexax in old American colleges

-MX B 3X-MX HOB-blX lUKOJiaX in these new schools

Only the special modifiers eecb and tot have the ending -e|

in the prepositional plural form.

B x-ex HOB-wx uiKOJiax in those new schools

BO Bc-ex yHMBepCHxexax in all universities

1-17 IlpoBepbTe ceOfl. OxBexbxe Ha Bonpdc «rfle?»

Odpaseu: — Fae? GojibiiiMe yHMBepcwxexbi

—B 6ojibuiiix yHMeepcMTCTax.

MHxepecHbie ncKUMM 3XM yHMBepcMxexbi xpyaHbie Kypcbi

pyccKMe yHMBepcMxexbi aMepMKaHCKMe ropojia ropojicKMe Mysew
KHM:»cHbie MarasMHbi xe oSmexMXMH Bce SwOnMoxeKM

JJaedume nosHaKOMUMcn! deddifamb nnmb ^

BMHMTEJTbHbni OAflE^ (The accusative case)

Destination. The prepositions b and Ha are used with nouns in the accusative case to answer
the question Kyaa?

Ona nepeexa.ia b KajiH4)6pHHK), She moved to California, and he

a OH BO Ojiopiiziy. (moved) to Florida.
^ xo:»:y b 6acceHH xpH pasa b HCAejiK). I go to the pool three times a week.

Mbi xoTHM noexaxb b Pocchk) yMHXb We want to go to Russia to study

pyCCKHH H3bIK. Russian.

no3BOHH eMy Ha paSoxy. Call him at work.

OKOHndnm cyufecmeumeAtHbix e euHumeAhuoM nadeotce

Non-animate CTOJi-type
MivieHHTejifaHWH efl. h. BifHHxejibHbiH ea. m.
nouns as well as OKHO-type
nouns and jjBepb-type KOHUepT Ha KOHUepT
nouns have the same form yHMoepcHTeT * B yHMBepcMTej
in the accusative singular no change Ka4)eTepHM B Ka4)€TepMM
as they do in the nominative
coSpaHMe * Ha coSpaHMe
singular.
CtlSMpb B CM5Mpb

Faaexa-type nouns have

HlVfeHHTejIbHUH BHHHxejibHbiii ^VIH
the accusative singular
ending -y/-io.
mm
uiKOJia B lUKdi-y I
Kanafla B KaHaa-y a
AMepMKa B AMepuK-y fl

jiyna Ha .nyH-y fl

PoCCMfl B POCCM-K)

All non-animate nouns

BifHHXeJIbHblH S
have the same form in the
MH. M.
accusative plural as they do
in the nominative plural.
KOHqdpTbl Ha KOHUepTbl J
no change yHMBepCHTCTbl m B yHUBepcHTexbi 1
3aHHTMSI Ha SaHHXTia
coGpaHMH Ha co5paHH5i m

You will learn more about the accusative case in Chapters 3 and 4.

26 ^ deddifamb luecmb Fjiaad 1

1-18 IIpoBepbTe ce6fl. OxBeTbTe na Bonpdc «Kyna Bbi xoflHJiH?»

06pa3eu: — Kyna bbi xo/ihjih? (ucHxp)

— B UCHXp.
5M5jiMOTeKa ncKUMH ypOK o6me5KMTMe anTCKa
SacceiiH KOHuepx saHHXMH Myseii iiiKona
uepKOBb paSdxa nd^xa pecxopan can

POUMTEJlbHblM nAJlE^ (The genitive case)

Place from where. The prepositions 113 and c (co) are used with the genitive case to answer the
OTKyaa?
question

Ohm m3 MocKBbi. They' re from Moscow.

MapK CO Cpeanero 3anajia. Mark' s from the Midwest.

Kyaa? rae? OxKyfla?

M3 is the opposite of e B B M3
is the opposite of Ha Ha Ha C

Ohm npMexajTM b yHMBcpcMTCT. They arrived at the university.

Ohh sepnynMCb m3 yHMBepcMTexa. They got back from university.

Ohm npMuinM na jieKumo. They arrived at the lecture.

Ohm BepnynMCb c jickumm. They got back from the lecture.

Okohhuhur cyuiecmeumeAbHbix e podumeAbHOM nadejtce

• CroJi-type and OKHO-type HMeHHTejibHbiii PomiTejibHbiii

nouns have the genitive en. H.
singular ending -aZ-a.
KOHuepx c KOHiiepx-a
yuMBepcMxex M3 yHMBepcMxei
KJiy6 M3 KJiy6-a
Ka(})exepMM M3 Ka(|)exepM-a
coSpaHwe c co6paHJi-Ji

/Jaedume nosHaKOMUMcn! deddifamb ceMb 27

 Fasexa-type and il.MeHiiTe.ibHbiii PojMTCIbH blii
flBcpb-type nouns have ea. H. ea.
the genitive singular
iiiKO-ia 113 UlKOn-bl
ending -bi/-ii.
Kanaaa M3 Kanan-bi
-bl/-M ANiepifKa H3 AsiepHK-H
P0CCH8 113 POCCM-II

ii CuSiipb M3 Ch5hp-h

1-19 IlpoBepbTe ceSfl. OxBexbTe na eonpdc «OTKyaa ohm?»

06pa3eu: — OxKyna ohm? Foccma »

— II3 Pocciiii.

Kanii4)dpHiifl Awoea MiiMMraH Hbio-MdpK

Texac Mn.inHOMC Kanaaa OperdH
IleHCMJibBaHiifl O.iopHna CnSnpb nd-ibuia
M3paMJTb fw<35cj MpaH BauiMHrxdH HedpacKa

1-20 AHa.1113. IlpoMHxaHxe cnenyiomyio saMexKy od dnepHoii nesiiue Hnne MepHiiKdBon

H y3Haiixe:

1. OxKyaa OHa npnexana? 3. Fae ona yMiliacb?

2. Fae OHa JKn.ia b nexcxBe? 4. Fae dyaex ee KOHuepx?

HIIHA HEPHIIKOBA nPE3EHTC...

B cxonnuy •npMnexena MSBecxHaa dnepHaa neBiiua. Hama npnexajia (na caMOJiere)

•cooxeMecxBCHHHua h3 ABCxpa-XMM HwHa MepHUKdsa. floHb compatriot

MapHH FaiiayKdBow, •yrHaHHon (})amncxaMM Ha taken, removed

•npMHynMxenbHbie paddxbi b FepMaHHio m •3MiirpHpoBaBiiieii obligatory: KOTdpa» 3MnrpHpoBajia

B 1949 roay b ABcxpaaiiio. Hiina c aexcxBa dbiaa -OMapdBaHa fascinated

My3biKOH. Ona •cxa.na dpaxb ypdKM BOKana b Cnanee, •3axeM Hawa-ia: noTOM

nonyMiina niinndM dnepHOii neBiiubi. 'BcRdpe k Heii npiiuje.i CKopo. Gbicrpo

ycnex — nepsasi npcMnsi na -KdHKypce dnepubix neBudB. * C xex competition; since then

nop ee umh M3BecxHo •noBcway b Mnpe. Tenepb box m y nac ecxb everywhere, all over

luaHc c Heii no3HaKdMHXbCfl: 3aBxpa HiiHa MepHHKdBa naex cboh

nepBbiM B MocKBe KOHuepx b KoHuepxHOM 3ajie mmchh
HaiiKdBCKoro. HaMlio b 19.00. CneuiMxe! He 'noiKajieexe. regret

«BeMepHH5i MocKBa». 1992

28 dedditamb ooceMb Fjiaad 1

1-21 Fae bbi Sb'i.in? Kyaa bu xojh.th? 3aKdHqMTe npennoj^imm.
SanoMHiixe: H 5bin/a + rae? = 51 xoaii.i/a + Kyna?

1. 51 Mny Ha .leKUMK). ^ 6bi.i/a

2. HiiHa xoflM.ia e Ka(})eTepnii. HiiHa Sbi.ia

3. Mbi c Cameii xomnu b MaraiiiH. Mbi c Caiueii 6bi.iJi

4. MapiiHa noiineT e My 3611. MapwHa Syaex

5. Tbi xoflM-i/a B napK. Tbi 6bin/a

6. Cepe:«a ymiTCfl Ha MaTesiaTJiHecKOM c^aKy.ibTeTe. Cepe^Ka nocn'niin

7. PoaMxenii Sujim b pecTopane. PoanTe.iM xoaM.iii

8. MiiLua He 6bin b lUKO.ie. Mnma ne nome.i

1-22 ^ xoHy paccKasaTb ea.M o cbocm jpyre IleTpe. PacKpoiixe ckoSkh.

neip poan.iCH ii Bupoc b (Bopdne:*;), ho hotom oh nepeexa-i b (MocKBa), noxoMy mto oh

nocTynnn b (Mockobckmm yHMBepcMTCT). CefiMac oh jkmbct b (yHHBepcHTercKoe

o5me:jKMTHe). Erd KOMHara na (TpeTMii 3Ta«). Oh yMMTcsi na (aKOHOMMMecKnii (|)aKy.ibTeT).

Ha (BTopdn Kypc). Oh nocTyni'ui b (3tot yHMBepCMTer). noTONiy hto oh nojiymLi CTMneHniiKD.

UneM OH xdflMT na (.ickumm), a BenepoM 3aHHMaeTCfl b (dHd.iHOTeKa). Mnoraa oh xoamt b

(kmho) h Ha (KOHUepTbl).

1-23 xoHv paccKa3aTb eaM o ceoeii nojpyre Hiine. PacKpdiiTe cKddKii.

HMHa nK)5iiT nnaBaxb e (TiixHii OKean) \liu CHuexb na (n.ii{jK). Ona Bbipocna na

(AT.iaHTHMecKMM oKcaH) na (boctomhoc no6epe«;be) CIlIA. ho noTd.M ona nepeexajia na

(3anaaHoe no6epe:*:be). noroMy hto ona nocTyniLia b {Ka.iiicJ)opHMiicKMH yHMBcpcMTex) ii

nepeexana b (Ka-iii4)dpHHfl). Ona yjse xM.ia ii b (BocTdnnbie lUTaTbi), m b (3anaaHbie mraTbi)

M Ha (CpenHiiM 3anaa). Koraa ona okohmmt yHiiBepcHTex. ona xdnex jKMTb na (BocTdHHbiii

deper) CUIA.

1-24 A renepb paccKajKHxe o ceoeM apyre (o cBoeii nojpyre). Use 1-22 and 1-23 as
your models.

/Jaodume nosHaKOMUMcn! deadifamb deoHinb 29

1-25 Kapra AiviepMKM, Snaexe nn bbi, kqk HasbiBaercfl Bam uixax no-pyccKM 9l

AMjiaxo J],:»:dpji»[MH Mmccmcmiim OKpyr KojiyMdiifl

AnoBa MHfliiaHa MMCcypw OperoH

AJiaoaMa OdndflHdM JjMprMHMM IVlOHXdHd llcHCllJIbBdHllH

A.XJICKa T/T "Y n T* Y Y t~\ Y*

M3H
ApM3dHa KaJlM(J)6pHMH M3pmieHzi CcBepHasi flaKoxa

O T ""^O ^ O ^T O T^*^ Y* T O
ApKaH3ac jvaHsac
Is Y
xicopacKa L^cBepHaH
Y~» YY T~Y
Js.apojiMHa T

I—1 o n o n o Vk Y ^
DanoMMHr If^ £1 Y YT^I
iy
IvcHXyKKM 1 1/' TjY
ricBajj,a IcHHcCCM
1 Y*
YYY

OYITY^TY "I'
[_J Y
DaiiiiiHrxoH T Y
ivojiopajio ribK)-/4^cpcM Texac

DcpMOHX N-OHHcKXHKyX rlbK)-iVlcKCMKO M^jiopMfla

r)MprMHM5I^ JIyM3MaHa HblO-MdpK lOyKHaa JUaKOxa

Bmckohcmh MaccaMycexc HbK)-X3MnmMp IO:«;HaH KapojiMHa

FaBaMM MuMMraH OraMO idxa

i],enaB3p MwHHecdxa OKJiaxoMa

1 . Names of states that end in a consonant are masculine nouns and

decline like ctoji.

2. Names of states that end in -a/-ji are feminine nouns and decline
like raaexa.

3. rasaifM is a plural noun (Ohh :»CHByx na FaBaHax).

4. States that end in vowels other than -a/-H are neuter nouns and do
not decline (Orawo, TeuHeccH).

1-26 OxKyjia bw? CnpocMxe npyr apyra, bKaKOM uixaxe bbi poAMnncb m BbipocnM.
B KaKOM uixaxe :<cMByx BauiM pojiMxejiM? B KaKOM mxaxe bbi xoxeuM 5bi y^MJh m noneMy?

The names of states are listed according to the English-Russian Russian-English Geographical Dictionary,
Moscow, 1993.
Some people say Biip;i>KHHHH.

30 mpiidifamb Fjiaad 1
 IloBTopeHMe rjiarojiOB: nepeoe n BTopde cnpH^enue

The form does not always indicate if a verb belongs to the first or second conjuga-
infinitive
tion. Therefore, you should alwaysmemorize the first- and second-person singular forms for
all new verbs. This way you will know the accent pattern of the verb and its conjugation type.

If you need to review first- and second-conjugation verbs, review the introduction, pages 7-8.

1. Most first-conjugation verbs have infinitives ending in -axb or -htl and are conjugated like
HMTaxb:

MMxaxb-type npocnpjiraMxe! Can you conjugate these verbs?

MMTaio MMxaeivi
3HaTb rynaxb AyMaxb xepaxb
MMxaeuib MMxaexe MFpaTb noHMMaxb cnpamMBaxb njiaeaxb
HMxaex MMxaiox onasAbiBaTfa saBxpaKaxb o6eAaTb Seraxb
onosjiaTb (perf.) y^MHaxb cjiymaxb

You also know other first-conjugation verbs with infinitives ending in -axb or -axb.

nwcaxb-type npocnpflraiixe!

nMuiy nMuieiM CKa3axb (perf.) paccKasaxb (peif.) noKasaxb (perf.)

nwrneuib nwiuexe
Note: First-conjugation nMcaxb-type verbs have a consonant alterna-
nMiiiex nwiuyx
tion before all P/F endings. In the verb nucaxb, c >ui, and in verbs

noKasaxb, paccKaaaxb, and CKasaxb 3> m. See table of alternations

in point 2 below.

naeaxb-type ripocnpsiraiixe!

flaio flacM Bcxaeaxb ycxaBaxb npenonaBaxb

^aeuib flaexe
Note: -Ba drops before P/F endings.
flaex jiaiox

coBexoeaxb-type Ilpocnpjiraiixe!

coeexyio coBexyeivi MyBCXBOBaxb xaHUCBaxb MHxepecoBaTbCH

coeexyeuib coeexyexe Note: -oea becomes y before P/F endings.
coeexyex coeexyiox

jKflaxb-type IIpocnpHraifxe!

«fly :»cfleivi 6paxb {6ep-) 3Baxb (30b-)

:»cAeuib :acflexe
Note: The vowel *e' appears in the verb 6paTb before P/F endings,
and the vowel 'o' appears in the verb seaxb.
:»cflex iKflyx

HaHaxb/cxaxb-type (all perf.) Ilpocnpflraiixe!

HaMHy cxany Bcxaxb (perf.) ycxaxb (perf.)

HaMHCUIb cxanemb Note: All P/F endings are preceded by -h-.

HaHHyx cxanyx We will review other types of first-conjugation verbs in Chapter 2.

/Jaediime nosHaKOMUMcn! mpudi^antb oduH 31

2. Most second-conjugation verbs have infinitives ending in -mtl and are conjugated like roBopiiTb.

roBopiiTb-type

roBopio rOBOpMM
roBopiiuib roBOpifxe
roBopiiT roBopHT

Second-conjugation verbs with a dental consonant or a labial consonant before the first-person
singular ending have the following consonant alternations:

dental consonant + K) husher + Y: labial consonant -i- K) m labial + H + R3

It 1^ ^ BHflCTb BM>Ky BMflHUIb 6 ai^ 6ji nioGMTb .nioSnK) jiroSHiub
T »H OTBCTHTb OTBCMy OTBeTHUIb nji KyniTTb KynjiK) KynMiiib
3 m iK B03MTb BOiKy Boawiub BJI rOTOBMTb rOTOBJlK) rOTOBIIIDb
C ^ lU npOCMTb npouiy npdciiiDb
CT III MHCTMTb MMllIV MMCTMinb

npocnpHraiiTe!
cneiuHTb 3B0HMTb CTpOMTb
nojiyMMTb (perf.) npilXOHMTb KVpiITb
rOTOBHTb rOTOBHTbCH Kvnnxb

In addition to roeopiiTb-type verbs, there are two other types of second-conjugation verbs.
One type has infinitives that end in -exb, and the other type has infinitives ending in -axb
or -HTb. There are only several verbs of each type.

CMOxpeTb-type npocnpflraiixe!

CMOrpid CMOTpMM npMjiexeTb (perf.) BMaexb cMflexb

CMOTpIfUIb cMoxpiixe
CMOXpilX CMOxpax

cjibiuiaxb-type ripocnpsiraiixe!

c.ibimv cnbiiuMM flcpxaxb ne^axb cxohxb

C.lblUJMUIb cibimifxe
C.lblLUMX cnbiuiax

3. You should remember that the verbs m^xm. exaxb, and xoxexb have irregularities in their
conjugations.

The verbs muxm and exaxb are first-conjugation verbs. Exaxb is conjugated from the stem ea-
Xoxexb has a mixed conjugation: first-conjugation endings in singular forms and
second-conjugation in its plural forms. M^xm has an irregular past-tense form.

113X11 exaxb xoxexb

imy MacM eay eneivi XOMV XOXMM
lueuib ifjiexe ejieuib eaexe xdneuib xoxiixe
iijiex Mflyx ejjex eayx XOMCX XOXflX
Past tense: lueji, uijia, uijim

32 mpudifamb doa Fjiaad 1

1-27 Jiia.ioni. Fill in the missing verb forms. Determine the conjugation of each verb:
nepBoe cnpa^KeHiie liiii BTopoe cnpajKeHiie.

1. CMOTpeXb iLNAV„_^s^ .-rs^^ yp.uu^<^

— H oneHb pejKo CMOTpib xejieBinop.

— A MHC Ka3a.iocb. HTO aMepiiKaHUbi Bce BpeMa Te.ieBiiBop.

A TbI Te,ieBii3op.
f
2. rOTOBIITbCH

— H He Mory hohtii c BaMn. FoTOBniocb k KOHxpo-ibHoft no pyccKOMy asbiKy.

Tbi Bce BpeMH K KaKOH-TO KOHXpOTIbHOH.

— Bce MOH jpy3bH _ K 3T0H KOHTpOJlbHOH.

3. noKynaTb

Tae Tbi noKvnaeuib oTKpbiTKii?

OOblMHO « HX B KHHJKHOM MarasHHe, a ponmeim Bcerna

HX Ha noHTe.

4. BCTaBaxb

Bo CKO-lbKO Tbi OOblHHO BCTaeUIb?

il OOblMHO B 7 MacoB. a moh 6paTbH

B 11.

5. H-iaBaxb

— Tbi Macxo n.iaBaeuib?

— KOHCMHO. 51 Ka:»cjbiH jCHb.

— A Mbl xo.ibKO 3 pa3a b Heje.xK).

6. yniixbca

Ha KaKOM Kypce xbi VMHUiboi?

^ Ha BxopoM. a KocxH Ha xpexbCM.

7. coBexoBaxb

— KaKue Kypcbi xbi mhc coBexyeuib cjiymaxb?

— ^ xe5e Cjxyinaxb Kypc npo4)eccopa PoManoBa.

— Bce MHe 3anHcaxbC5i na ero Kypc.

8. xepaxb

— Tbi Bceraa see rep^euib.

— Mxo Tbi I 51 HHKorja HUMero ne . Moh cecxpa Bce

/Jaedume nosHaKOMUMcn! mpudifantb mpu

9. HHTepecoBaxbCH

— Tbi HHxepecyeuibCfl oojihthkoh?

— JXSL, OMCHb .

— A HCM TBOH Zipy3bH?

10. rOTOBHTb

— KtO H3 BaC o6bIHHO rOTOBHT?

— o6biqHO 3aBTpaK, a MapK h Thm
o6€a.

11. Kypi'iTb

— Tbi He KypHuib?

— HcT, He . y nac hhkto ne .

— A B PoccHH jubau MHoro .

12. CTOHTb

— CKOJlbKO BpeMCHH Tbi y^KQ CTOHUIb B OMepC^JH?

— ^ TOJibKO nojiMaca, a MapK h Kaxa yxe Mac.

13. n/iaTiiTb

— CKOJibKO Bbi njiaTHxe 3a KBapxHpy?

— M 200 AOJiJiapoB B MecHu, a HHna h Kaxa

500.

14. HHcaxb

— Bbi MacTO niiuiexe homom?

— HMKorfla HMKOMy He
51 , a Kaxa
pojiMxejTJiM noBonbHO Macxo.

34 mpudifanib nenibipe rjiaed 1

 '

KyjibTypA

KaK niicaTb niicbMo?

CrpyKTypa flpy>KecKoro nwcbMa:

• Mmcjio: 5 0KTfl6pfl 199 r.

• OGpameHiie: J],opor6ii/-aH/-He !

• BfidflHafl nacTb: CnacwSo 3a Bame/TBoe nucbMo.

npocTM/xe, HTO fldnro He OTBCHaii/a Ha Bame/TBoe nwcbMo.
• TCKCT HMCbMa.
• Bonpdcbi K aflpecaxy: Kax y xeSH/Bac aena? Mxo y xeSa/Bac hobofo?
• 3aKJiioHMxeiibHafl nacxb: ^eniK> xe6e/BaM Bcerd flddporo/xopdmero.
Hafleiocb. mxo CKdpo yBMAMMca.

MapKa

3. Ha KOHoepxe Mbi nwiiieM:

Kyda

4. ^CM oxnMMaexcH 3xox KOHBepx

ox aMepwKaHCKoro? {How is
nOM rOBblM MHflEKC npcc oTnpannne.iH:

this envelope different from

an American envelope?)

/Jaediime nosnaKOMUMcn! mpudifantb nxntb 35

5. 05paTHTe BHiiMaHne na Hanajio
M KOHeu jienoBdro iinn
o4)HUHanbHoro nHCbvia.

1-28 Box TaKafl ciixyamia. BaM Hano HaniicaTb niicLMo. KaK bbi HaMHexe m 3aKdHMHTe erd?

1. Bbi nnmexe niiCbMO ceoeMV npenojaeaTe-iio. Ee sobvt BopucoBHa AnapeeBa.

ra.iiiHa
2. Bbi xoxiixe noaaxb 3aflB.ieHne b poccrificKml yHHBepcHxex Ha nporpaMMv o5MeHa. BaM
Hy^Ha HHc|)opMaunH. HiipeKxopa nporpaMMbi soeyx BacHUMM AHaxdnbeoHM HepHux.
3. Bbi nnmexe nHCbxid dadyiiiKe CBoerd apyra. Bam zipyr nepeexan. ii saM Hy*;eH erd
HdBbin aapec. BadymKy 30Byx Cd4)bH MaxBeeBHa Bendsa.
4. Bbi niimexe niicbMd jeBvmKe. c Koxdpofi Bbi noBHaKdMnnncb b Mockbc roa nasaj. Ee
30Byx Bana Ceexndea.

ll>ieHa. KOTopbie jhhiot BC.e pyccKiie: Xieacdngp Cepceeoim fJytuhUH

PyccKiie cHHxarox AjieKcaHapa CepreeBHMa IlymKHHa

(1799-1837) CBOHM caMbiM Be.xHKiiM no3xoM, ocHOBaxe.xeM
coBpeNieHHOH pyccKOH niixepaxypbi.

1-29 Ilepea HxeHiievi. TTojiyMaHxe. What information do you expect to find in a biography?

1-30 HxeHiie a.ia iiH4)opMamiii. Ilepezi bjimh oxpbiBOK H3 yMe6HHKa pyccKOH niixepaxypbi n.isi

ceabNidro K.iacca poccuucKon cp«fjiHeM mKd.ibi. B hcm naex peMb (zr deals with) o nexcxBe
nymKUHa. Hannuxe oxsexbi Ha cneayiomiie Bonpdcu.

1. rae nymKiiH poan.icfl ii Bupoc?

2. KaK 3Ba.in erd cecxpy h dpaxa?
3. Mxo Bu y3Hann o erd NiaxepH?
4. ^xo Bbi y3Ha7iu o erd oxue?
5. Hesi HHxepecoBajiiicb poaiixe.iii nymKHHa?

36 mpiidi^amb luecnib r.iaad 1

 AjieKcaHflp CepreeeuM flyiuKMH poflkincFi b MocKBe. Oh
poc BMecre co CTapmeM cecipoM OjibroM m MnaflujuM
6paT0M nesyiuKOM. Maib, Hafle>Kfla OcunoBHa raHHM6a;i,
6bma 'BHyMKa apana'' rierpa I, 'BnocneflCTBun pyccKoro granddaughter; subsequently
reHepana TaHHuOana. Oieu, CeprePi flbBOBUM, HeOoraibiM
•noMeinMK, xopoiuo 3Han nmepaiypy, 6bm snaKOM co landowner
MHornMM pyccKMMM nucaTe/iflMn M caM HeMHoro nucan. B
ceMbe riyiiJKMHbix see 'yBneKanMCb jimepaTypoM, no33i/iePi, MHTepecoBajiHCb
fla>Ke flern •npoCoBann 'COHUHFiTb ctmxm. tried; to compose

6. Kto Taxafl "CTapyxa raHHii5aji"?

7. KaK AncKcaHnpa HasbiBanii noNia?
8. KaK OH eeji ce6fl, Koraa Sbi.n peScHKOM?

"flyLUKUHbl >KMnM BeCe/IO H OIKpblTO, M BCeM flOMOM

•saBeflOBana ciapyxa raHHM6aji, OMeHb 'yMHafl, 'flenbHaFi ran, managed ; smart, clever; active

M •paccyflMTenbHafl MeHiunHa, — BcnoMUHa/ia •nosflHee sensible; later

OflHa 3HaK6Mafl riyiuKMHbix. — CiapLunPi 'BHyK ee, grandson

•Caiua, 6bm 6onbLij6M "yBajieHb m 'flUKapb, ho c OMenb AxieKcaHap; oaf ; wildman

•>KMBblMM rnaSaMM, M3 KOTOpblX 'MCKpH TaK M cb'ina/incb. » .

» lively; sparks; just flew

9. MeNiy 6a5yiiiKa yMHJia Camy?

10. O MCM OHa paccKasbiBana CMy?

Mapwn AneKcaHflpoBHa FaHHubaji oneHb nKD6kiJia

BHyKa. ManbMMK raioKe 6biJi 'He^HO •npuBFiaaH k 6a6yLUKe, tenderly; attached

yHMJicfl y nee pyccKOM 'rpaMOTe, a Korfla 'noflpoc, to l eading and writing; grew up some
•>KaflHO cnyman ee paccKasbi o pyccKOM •CTapuhe, o rieipe I, eagerly; old days

CBoeM 'npaflefle rahHuOane. great grandfather

1 1 . Kto xaKaa Apiina PonHOHOBHa?

12. Mto riyiiiKJiH co6npaii?

3a fleJbMM riyLiJKi/iHbix •xoflMna •hfihh ApMna cared for; nanny, nursemaid

PoflnoHOBHa — ' KpenocTHan KpecTbnHKa Ona snana .
serf

MHoro HapoflHbix pyccKnx •necen, 'CKaaoK n 6bma songs; fairy tales

•saMeMaiejibHOM •paccKaGMnuePi. riyiiiKHH c fleicTBa jikdOmji magnificent; teller of tales

CKasKM, necHu, •nocnoBnubi, 'noroBopKn: Bcto >KM3Hb oh proverbs; sayings

coOnpan, •3anMCbiBaji, nsyMa/i mx. recorded (wrote down)

^Gannibal. the son of an Abyssinian prince, was given to Peter the Great by the Turkish sultan.

JJaedume nojHaKOMUMcn! mpuduanib ce.Mb 37

13. ^To roBopwji nyuiKMH o pyccKMx CKa3Kax?

«Hto 3a •npejiecTb 3tm CKasKn! Ka>KflaFi ecib no3Ma!» delight

— nucan flyiuKHH Spaiy. «Hto 3a •pocKOiub, hto sa •CMbicji splendor; sense

KaKOM •TOJiK B Ka>KflOM noroBopKe HaiuePi! Hto 3a •36noTo!» understanding; gold

— laK roBopMn flyiuKMH nucaienK) BnaflMMupy l/lBaHOBUMy
fla/iKD, ConbLuoMy 'SHaTOKy HapoflHOM no33MH. connoisseur

BjianHMHp flanb (1801-1872) cocTasMTejib

ii3BecTHoro cjiOBapH «ToAK6ebiu c.ioedpb
.Mueoeo ee.iuKopyccKOdo H3UKd» (1863-1866).
3thm cjioeapeM jxo chx nop ndnbsyiOTca.

1-31 ndcjie MTCHMH. IToflyMaMTe m CKaxwTe.

1 . Write a title for each paragraph.

2. Pick out ten words that are essential for talking about Pushkin's life. Write them
on the board.
3. In several sentences, tell or write what you have found out about Pushkin.

no33Hfl. npoHMTaMxe M BbiyMMxe HaMsycTb {by heart) CTMXOTBopcHMe IlymKMHa «3dnoTO m

6yjiaT». 3to pasroBOp Me^cfly «3JiaT0M» (3diiOTo - gold) m «5yjiaT0M» (SynaT - a sword).

« Bee Moe», — CKaaano sjiaio;

« Bee Moe», — CKaaan 6yjiaT.
« Bee — eKaaa/io snaio;
Kynjii6»,
« Bee B03bMy», — eKasa/i Cy/iai.

38 mpiidifamb GoceMb Fjiaed 1

0B30PHME 3A/^AHHH

CxpyKTypa npejiJiomeHM«

1-32 JIm. ITepeBeflMTe 3tm npeanoiKeHMH na aHrjiMwcKnii 5I3uk.

1. Oh :»cMBeT b o6me»:MTMM? ^ ne snaio, xmbct nw oh b o6me:«:MTMM.

2. Ona yHMTCfl b yHMBepcMTCTe? ^ ne snaio, yMMTca ona b yHMBepcMTCTe.
nvi

3. Ona Ha xpexbeM Kypce? ^ ne snaio, na rpexbeM nm ona Kypce.

4. Ero poflMxenM ^MByx Ha sanajie? ne snaio, na sana^e nw :acMByT ero pomiTenM.

1-33 ^He3Haio... OxBexbTe na Bonpdcbi. HaMHMxe OTBexbijCO cjiob «^ ne 3HaK)...»

06pa3eu: — Ohm nepeexauM MocKBy? ^ b

— He51 nepeexajiM
3Haio, ohm MocKBy. jim b

1. Ohh :«;MByx B AjiaSaMC?

2. Ohh y>Ke no3HaK6MMiiMCb?
3. Mama npnexana m3 Mockbh?
9-1 \\%. ^^(ku.
4. BopHC acHMpanx?
5. y TaHM ecxb mom xenecJ^OH?
6. Ohh jiep»:ax co5aKy?
7. HHHa yMMxca b ujKOJie?

1-34 KoTopuM. ITpoHMxaMxe xckcx m nepeBeawxe ero na anrjiMMCKHM 5i3b'iK.

Cxyaenxbi m3 Poccmm, KOTopbie npnexauM b aMepMKancKMM yHMBepcMxex, :»cMByx b

o6mexMXMM, KOTopoe nocxpOMUM aBa rd/ia nasaji m o KOxopoM xoraa mhofo nHcajia
cxyflCHMecKafl ra3exa, noxoMy mxo padoMMe {workers), Koxopbie cxpoMJiM o6me:acMXMe,
He 3aK6HqMJiM ero k naHany yqeGnoro rdfla.

1-35 KoTopbiii. Use KOTopbiii instead of rjyt.

Odpaseu: Kaxa npnexana m3 rdpojia, r^e ona Bupocna.

Kaxji npMexana m3 rdpofla, b KOTopoM ona Bbipocjia.

1. Oduie^MXMe, rjie mm jkmbcm, pqflOM c yHMBepCMxexoM.

2. Kxo ceMMac »:MBex b fldMe, r^e Hnna »:MJia b aexcxBe?
3. H HejiaBHo dbiJia b KBapxMpe, r^e Koraa-xo »:mji flocxoeBCKMM.

/Jaedume nosnaKOMUMcn! mpudi^amb deenmb 39

 PasroBop

1-36 CnpocMTC M OTBCTbTe. 3ajiawTe cneflyiomMe Bonpdcbi m OTBCTbTe na hmx.

Cnpocume dpysa CKUJicume dpyey

1. where he/she lives where you live
2. what his/her major is what your major is
3. what year he/she is in what year you are in
4. if he/she has moved a lot that you've only moved once
5. where he/she was born where you were born
6. where he/she grew up where you grew up
7. why he/she picked this university that you think it's a good school
8. if he/she recieves financial aid that you work

1-37 BoT TaKaa CMTyauM«. Pa3birpaMTe.

1. You've met a person who can't remember who you are. Remind him or her where
and when you've met before.
2. Tonight you are going to introduce two of your friends to each other. Tell each of them
something about the other before they meet.
3. A group of Russian students is visiting your university. The university radio station is

preparing a program about them. Your job is to interview them. Prepare 10 questions that
you can ask them.

1-38 HecKOJibKO MHuyr o ceCe. nonroTOBbxe noMa paccxas o ce5e.

1-39 Kyaa noMTii yHHXboi? Bbi xoTMxe yMHXbCH b Mockbc.

1. ITepefl BaMM oStaBneHwa uhtm mockobckmx BysoB^. B KaKMX m3 hmx ecxb cneayiomMe
cj^aKyjibxexbi:

a. music b. foreign languages a. finance

6. theology r. mathematics e. interpreting

2. B KaKOM M3 njiXM BysoB Bbi xoxenw 6bi nocxynwxb? IloHeMy?

^By3 — Bbicmee yMeSHoe 3aBeAeHMe (yHiiBepCMxex, MHCTHxyx, KOfifieayK)

40 copoK Fjiasd 1
 , «

Poc. aKageMMH MyawKH Mock. roc. nenarorMMecKMii

MM. rHecMHbix (PAM) yHMBepcHTCT (Mrny)
121069, yn. BopoBCKoro, 30/36 119882, M. riMporoBCKaa yji., 1

Ten. 290 40 08 Ten. 245 03 10

npHBMHaH KOMMCCMfl 291 24 96 npHCMHaH KOMMCCMfl 932 47 53
<DaKynbTeTbi: OaKyjibTCTbi:

ct)OpTenbHHO, MHCTpyMCHTbl CMMCj30- MCTOpMMeCKMii (eCTb BCMCpHee OTflC-

HMMecKoro opxecTpa, pyccKwe HapoflHbie ncHMe), (JjHjiojiornqecKMH (ecTb BCMcpHee

MHCTpyMCHTbl. M y 3bl KO BCflCH 116 OTfleneHMC), nenarorMKM m ncMxonorMM,

KOMno3MUMfl, 3ByKope:*:MCcypa, xopoeoe HaqajibHbix KjiaccoB (cctb BcqepHce

flMpM^KMpoeaHMe, flMpM:»CMpoBaHMe OTAeneHMe), flouiKOJibHOM nenaromKM,
HaponHbiM xopoM, cojibHoe ncHiie, fle4)eKTOJiorMqecKMM, Smoxmmmmcckmm,

cojibHoe HapoflHoe ncHne, My3biKajibHoe reorpa^JMMecKMM, MaTeMaTMqecKMM,

MCKyCCTBO 3CTpajIbI.
XMMMMeCKMM, 4)M3imeCKMii, MHOCTpaHHblX
H3biK0B, My3biKajibHO-neAarorMHecKMM,
EcTb BenepHce, 3aoMHoe oTflCJicHMH. xyflo;KecTBeHHO-^pa4>n'^ecKMM,
MHflycTpManbHO-neflarorMqecKMM,
MeiKflyHaponHbili yHMBepcHTCT COUMOJlOrWMeCKMM.
(HcrocynapcTBCHHOc yqcSHOC 3aBCflCHMc)
12540, JlcHMHrpajicKMM npocn., 17 Mock. ayxoBHaa aKaneMM
TCJi. 251 38 05 141300, MocKOBCKaa o5.t., r. CepriieB
250 40 49 TpoMue-CeprweBa naBpa
ITocaji,

(J)aKC 250 40 49 Ten. 8 254 53 44

yHMBCpCMTCTCKMM KOJlJlCfl^ CO OcHOBHbie HanpaBJieHMfl oSyMeHwa:
cneuMajiM3auMeM: 3K0H0MMKa m (jjHHan- SnSjieMCKoe, SorocjiOBCKoe, MCTopn-
Cfai,ncjioBoe aflMHHMCTpMpoBaHwe, MCCKoe, JiMTyprMMecKoe, 4)MiiojiorM-
couMonorMH m npaBOBencHMC. MCCKOe.
JXn9i niiu c BbiciiiMMoSpasoBaHMCM OSyMCHMe OMHoe m 3aoqHoe.
— Bbicume MarMCTcpcKMe iiiKonbi
CO cneunajiM3amieii: flcnoBoe ajiMMHM- Mock. roc. .iMHrBMCTM»iecKiii
CTpMpOBaHMC, cjjMHaHCbl, MyHMUMnanbHOC yHMBepcHTCT (MITiy)
ynpaBJicHHC, SKOHOMimecKoe npaBO. 1 198837, yn. OcTo^KCHKa, 38
npMKnaflHaa couMOJiorwH, nayxM o6 Ten. 245 02 00
OKpy:»caiomeM cpene. BM3Hec-iiiK0iia flua OaKynbTCTbi:
BocHHOcjiyxamMx. nenarorMMecKHM, oepeBOjiMecKMM.
3aoMHoe OTjieneHMe.
107014, POCTOKMHCKMM Hp., 12a
Ten. 268 47 85

/laedume nosHaKOMUMcn! copoKoduH 41

 .

IlHCbMO

1-40 HanMuieivi ece bmcctc. Discuss what you can write in a letter. Compare it with
the letters other groups have written.

1. OMCbMO iik5h3m. y KOTopbix Bbi

Bbi coSMpaexecb exaxb b Poccmk) y^HTbCH. HaniiuiMTe
Syaexe xMXb. PaccKaxMxe mm o ce6e m nocxapaMxecb ysHaxb HCMHoro o hmx. HanMuiMxe
ajipec Ha KOHBepxe.
Bbi Syjiexe TKviTh y CopoKMHbix (MMxawjia MwxaMJiOBMqa m HaxanbM BacMnbeBHbi). Ohm
iacMByx BMocKBe (002891) na ynMue CxpoMxeneM b flOMe N^?, KBapxMpa 23.
2. Bbi coSMpaexecb exaxb b Poccmk). HanMuiMxe nMCbMO m nonpocMxe naiixM BaM KBapxMpy
HJIH KOMHaxy.

1 -41 M3 MCTopMM MocKOBCKoro yHMBepcMTCTa. EpoMMxaMxe M ysHaMxe.

1. CKOJlbKO JieX MoCKOBCKOMy

yHMBepcMxexy?
2. ITpM KaKoii uapMue Sbiji
yKa3 06 OCHOBaHMM
ocHOBaH yHMBepcMxex? MocJCORn^^

1-42 Ilocjie MTCHMH. 3Haexe HM Bbi . .

1. CKOJlbKO nex BameMy yHMsepcMxexy (Kdnnefl>Ky)?

2. B KaKOM rofly 5bm ocHOBan Bam yHMsepcMxex (KOJinefl^;)?
3. KaKoii caMbiii cxapbiM yHMBepcMxex b CUIA? Korna oh 6bin ocHOBan?

j^jifl Bauiero ceejieHif h

1. TaTbflHMH flCHb is the day of St. Tatyana in the Russian Orthodox Church. Many Russian
first names are thenames of saints in the Russian church calendar. Some people celebrate
the day of their saint(MMeHMHu) as well as their birthday (aewb po%neHMH).
2. Peter I (the Great) gave Russia the official name «PoccHiiCKa5i MMnepif$i» and assumed
the title HMnepaxop instead of uapb. Nevertheless, Russians usually refer to their
pre-revolutionary rulers as uapb and qapiiqa instead of HMnepaxop and iiMnepaTpifua.

42 copoK doa Fjiaed 1

 CJlOBAPb
Bbl flOJl^Hbl 3HaTb 3TM CJIOBa.

HivieHa cymecTBHxejibHbie (Nouns)

aHKCxa application OKean ocean
acnwpaHT/Ka graduate student AxnaHTMMecKMii Atlantic
SaccewH swimming pool Tmxmm Pacific
6eper (Ha Sepery) shore, seashore noSepejKbe coast
6yMa»:HMK wallet npoMcmecxBMe event, happening, incident
BouMTenbCKwe npaea driver's license pyKOBOflMxejib/HMua leader, advisor
BOCTOK east cesep north
ropoflCKOM Konneayt^ city- college coSaKa dog
ACHbrM (pi. only) money CpenHMM 3anaA the Midwest
flOKyMCHTbl (official) papers CXMneHflMH scholarship, fellowship
sanan west cxyjieHMecKMM Smiex ID card, student card
3aflBneHMe application CIIIA (CoenMHeHHbie USA
KapxoMKa Ha nMTaHMe meal card Illxaxbi Amcpmkm)
KJiacc school grade yHMBepcMxex university
B necflTOM KJiacce in the tenth grade yHMBepcMxex mxaxa state university
KOManjia team MacxHbiM yHMBepcMxex private university
KOUIKa cat yqeSa classes, university study
KpenMTHaa KapxoMKa credit card (Jjaxyjibxex department, division
Kypc course; year in college MCKOBafl KHM^Ka checkbook
HayKa science mxax state (one of the fifty
oSmch exchange American states)
no oSMeny as an exchange K)r south
o5me:«:MTMe dormitory

FjiaroJibi (Verbs)

B03Bpamaxb/BepHyxb + mxo? to return, give back

Bbi6npaxb/Bbi6paxb + mxo? to choose, pick, select
BbiSpaxb (JjaKyjibxex to declare a major
jiepxaxb + Kord/Mxo? to keep, hold
3aHMMaxbCfl (cndpxoM) + mcm? to exercise, work out. to engage in sports

Mrpaxb + BO MXO? to play sports, games

MHxepecoBaxb/3aMHxepecoBaxb + Koro? to interest

MHxepecoaaxbCH/saMHxepecoBaxbCH + kcm/mcm? to be interested in

OKaHMMBaxb/oKOHMMXb (lUKOJiy, yHMBcpcMxex) to graduate from (high school, college)

nepees^axb/nepeexaxb + Kyna? to move
nonaBaxb/nonaxb (3aHBneHMe) + Kyaa? to apply
nojiyMaxb/nojiym'ixb + mxo? to receive
'

nocxynaxb/ nocxyoHXb + Kyua? to apply/to enroll

pa3pemaTb/pa3peiiJMXb + KOMy? c/aenaxb mxo? to allow, permit
pacxw/BbipacxM + rue? (past tense: poc/jia. Bbipoc/na) to growl to grow up
poflMXbca + rne? to be born
CHMMaTb/CHHXb + KBapXWpy, flOM, KOMHaxy to rent an apartment, house, room
xepHXb/noxepaxb + kofo/mxo? to lose

yMHXbC3 + r^e? to be a student, to study

/JaGdume nojHaKOMUMcn! copoKmpu 43

 ) . .

HMCHa npHjiaraxejibHbie (Adjectives)

BOCTOMHblM eastern
rocyflapcTBCHHbiM state, federal, governmental
sanaflHbiH western
HenpMHTHbiM unpleasant
ceeepHbiM northern
MaCTHblH private
LUKdjlbHblM school
K5:»:HbiM southern

HapeHH>i (Adverbs)

MHorjia sometimes
oSblHHO usually
y:»cacHO horribly

Bbipa>KeHH>i (Expressions)

Bojibiude cnacwSo. Thank you very much,

B fleXCTBC in childhood
B 3T0M rofly this year
JXaBame no3HaKdMMMCH! Let's get acquainted!
Mhc ... ner {rojx, rdaa). Iam years old.
. . .

Mhc Hafloeno + flenaxb hto? Iam fed up with something

Mbl/Bbl/OHM 3HaKdMbI. We know each other.
Ha KaKdM (xbi/Bbi) (|)aKyiibTeTe? What's your major?
Ha KaKdM (Tbi/Bbi) Kypce? What year (are you)?
Ha nepBOM Kypce freshman
Ha BTopdM Kypce sophomore
Ha TpexbCM Kypce junior
Ha MCTBepTOM Kypce senior
OxKyaa Bbi? Where do you come from?
OMCHb npMHTHO. Glad to meet you.
HoiHaKdMbTecb, no:«:anyMCTa. I'd like you to meet. .

KaK Bac/xeSfl soByx? What's your name?

MCHH 30ByT... My name is. .

Mmp xecen. It's a small world.

npHBex! Hi!
Hto c to66h/c BaMM? What's the matter with you?
Hto cnyMMJiocb? What's happened?
Mto npoM30uind? What's happened?
jl rdjiOflen/rojioflHa KaK bojik. I'm starved./!' m starving, (lit. I'm as hungry
as a wolf.

44 copoK nembipe Fjiaed 1

 Mbl kl MALUM XMBOTHblE

4 flSblK B >KI^3H11

KaTH MopdsoBa paccKasbiBaex o ceoew ccMte

HeHaBM:«;y iKMXb b o5mejKMTMM
CBaflb5a
^TO HOBOrO?
^To Mbi qyBCTByeM: KaK BbipaBHXb 3m6uhh

^ roBopMTe npasMjibHo!
MMeHMxejibHbiM najxeya
Bbipa»:eHMe Mecxa (2)
PoflMxejibHbiM naflex
flaxejibHbiM naaex
Fnardn: nepBoe cnpHJKCHiie
Fnardn: npouiefliuee BpeMa

KyjibTypa
MMCHa, Koxdpbie snaiox Bce pyccKwe: A. A. AxMdmoea

4 0636pHbie saAaHiin
CxpyKxypa npejino^ceHMfl
PasroBdp
riiicbMo
MxeHMe

cdpoKnnmb 45
M3MK B iSCH3HH

KaTfl \Iopd30Ba paccKaBbiBaer o CBoeii cevibe

O cBoeii ceMbe a Bcerad avNiaio b xaKOM nopajKe: 6a6y uiKa. Mavia. nana. JlacKa. FIoMeMy 6a6ymKa
npHxdnuT MHe b ronoBv nepBOH? PoaHxe.iH paooTann. a ona cimena co mhoh aoNia. Ona njchh
BocniiTbiBana. JHo xord Kax a nomjia a mKOJiy. mu c SaOyuiKOH }kmjih Ha aaqe c viaa no OKTfldpa. noKa He
craHOBH.iocb cobccm xo.iohho. Maxia h nana npne3JKa.iH k naM na jaqy TdibKO b BbixoaHbie hhw.
A KTO xaKaH JlacKa? 3to moh co5aKa. Eii y:»ce 13 .lex. Mu ee Haui.iu. Koraa ona obi.ia mcHKOM.
Ona 5bi.ia raKaa cMCiiiHaa: orpoMHbie .lanu h vuih. xiHHHbJil xboct ao aesi.iH ii 6o.ibuiaJi vidpaa. a caxia
MaaeHbKaii. M Jias.ia OMCHb rpoMKO. HaBepnoe. ona nac Soanacb. Hmkto hc snaer, KaKa^i 3to nopdaa. ho
ona noxdiKa na HCMeuKyio osMapKy. CcMMac ona y;Ke crapasi. h h doidcb naxe ayviaTb o tom. mto ohh
MO^KCT CKdpo ysiepeTb.
Mto CKaiaTb o ponHTCJiJix? MaMa HHxenep. a nana y^eHUH. Oh 3aHHMaeTC« MejHUHHCKiiMH
HCCJienoBaHHflMH. B jercTBe « Bceraa Biue.ia erd cniiny —
ec.iH oh 5u.i adNia, oh CHjen 3a
micbMCHHUM CTO.idM H pa5dTa.i. A Mavia Bceraa h paOdrana ii Be.ia xoihhctbo. Mto eine bu xoTiiTe
3HaTb o Moefi ceMbe?

2 1 KaTH (I Bbi. OxBexbTe na Bonpocu.

1 B KaKOM nopsaKe Kaxn ayviaeT o cBoeH ceMbe?

B KaKOM nopajKe bu avMaeTe o CBoefi ceMbe?
2 Oreu KaxH noMoraex no noMv? Oh BOcniiTbiBan
KdTK)? KtO BaC BOCOHTblBaJl?
3. Mto KaTS roeopHT o ceoen co6aKe? '
_________
y sac 6biJia e aeTcrse cooaKa n.iH KouiKa? PaccKaxHje o hhx.
4. KaKHx eiue ^hbothux nep*:aT .ikSjh?

2-2 O Kaxe. Hto eiue bbi Mo^Kexe cnpocuTb KaTio o ee ceMbe? 3aaanTe naxb Bonpocoe.

2-3 ^KiiBOTHbie. KaKHx H3 Ithx xhbothux Bbi xoTenn 6bi HMexb?

co6aKa (menoK) KOUIKa (kotchok) 3Me» .iduianb KpO.lHK

XOMSIK Hepenaxa nonyraw KanapeiiKa aKBapiivM

c pbj6KaMii

46 copoh luecmb r.iaod 2

 .

H.Menth

The verb iiNierb (fo have! is used in the infinitive form as an equivalent of the Enghsh verb
to have in its infinitive form.

M xoMv iiMCTb ooibuiou aoM. /want to have a hii; house.

Bbi xoTilTe iiMCTb aeTeii ? Do you ^umr to have children?
Conjugated forms of iiMCXb are used in the following idioms:

MNiexb B Bii^i Mt6 Tbi HNieeuib e enay?

What do you have in mind? What do you mean?
iiMCTb npoTiiB 5! HMMero ne iiNieio npoTtie 3Toro.
/ don't object. I don't have anything against it.

iiNiexb CMbici He iiMeex CMMCJia roeopiiTb 06 3tom!

There is no sense in talkirn; ahmt it.

2-4 O ceoe. PaccKa»:HTe cbohm apy3bflM no K.iaccy o ceoeii ceMbe 11 ^iieoTHbix. Ecjim
MOJKeTe, npiiHecHTe e K.iacc 4>OTorpa4)uio cBoeii ceMbii.

adopted son'daughter — npiieMHbiii CbiH npiieMHan aoMb

cousin — jBOiopoaHbiii Spar aeoidpoaHafl cecxpa
cousins — aBOiopoaHbie opaxbs cecxpbi 11

fosterparents — npiieMHbie poniiTe.iii

grandparents — 6a6yuiKa jeayuiRa 11

stepbrother — CBoaHbiii opax CBoaHaa cecxpa

stepsister
stepfather— oxmiim
stepmother — NiaMcxa
toadopt — yaoMepiixb daughter
(perf.) (a )/\ChiHOB\iThl perf.) (a son)
uncle aunt — jHafl xexsi
wido^v ^vidower — BjOBa B:iOBle|u

HeHaBii^v >Kiixb b oomoKiiTiiii

— Fae Tbi jKiiBeiub?

— B o6me)Knxiin.
— A HeHaenjKy jKuxb o5me)KHxiiu. b
— CHiiMaeuib Ksapxiipy?
Tbi
— A noMeMv ne Bbi josid y poauTe.ieii?
jKiieeTe
— Moil paaee.incb.
poaiiTe.in /Je.lO B TOM, MTO .

— A Moii B apyroM
>KiiByx uixaxe. The point is .

— Ho ne 3xom: mu nK56HM TnwTb caMOCxosxe.ibHO.

ae.io b
— ^a? A TKUBX
Bcio >Kii3Hb c poaiixeiflMii.
JX^.lO He B .^TOM.

—B Mbi HaMiiHaeM
Pocciiii oxae.ibHo ndcie
>KiiTb
That's not the point.

OKOHMaHUfl yHMBepciixexa.
— Mjih xord
nocjie HaMHCM pa6dxaxb.
kslk
— xord KaK jKeHUMca.
M.iii ndc.ie
— Mm 3aMv>K.
BbiiiaeM

Mbi u Haiiiii ykUGOinHhie copoK ce.Mb

 nocjie vs. nocjie moeo kuk

The preposition ndcjie is used with a noun in the genitive case.

nocjie OKOHHaHMfl yHMBepCMTexa after graduation from college

The conjunction nocjie xoro kbk is used to introduce a time-clause.

IlocjieToro khk a OKOUMy yuMBepcMTeT, / want to go to Russia and work

xo^y Ha Yoji noexaxb b Poccmio paSoxaxb. for a year after I finish college.

2-5 Mhumii cjiGBaiMM. 05i>$iCHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. ^ HCHaBMxy 2CMXb B o5mexMXMM. 4. ^ xoMy :»cHXb caMOCxoHxejibHO.

2. Ha 5yflymHH rofl CHMMy KBapxwpy. 5. ^ 5yAy ^MXb oxAenbHO.
3. Ohm pasBeiiMCb.

2-6 IloroBopMM o ce6e. YsHaMxe Apyr y Apyra.

1. Bbi :«MBexe y pOAMxeneii? B o6me:»:MXMM? CnHMaexe KBapxwpy?

2. Fac Bbi xoxMxe »:MXb?

3. Bbi AyMaexe, mxo :»cMXb b o5me>KMXMM AemeBJie,hcm CHMMaxb KBapxwpy?

4. YjxQ >KMByx BauiM poAMxeuM? Ha sanaAe CIIIA? Ha BocxoKe? Ha CpeAHCM 3anaAe?

B KaKOM mxaxe? B KaKoii cxpane?

5. KorAa Bbi Ha^anM (xoxMxe nanaxb) xMXb caMocxoaxejibHO?

2-7 Box xaKan ciixyauiiH. Fac Bbi xoxHxe jKHXb: c poahxcjihmh, b o6me»:HXHH hjth
XOXHXe CHHMaXb KBapXHpy?

Mdxex 6bixb, BaM Hy:acHbi 3xm cjiOBa: Aoporo/AopojKe {expensive, more expensive)
He Aoporo/AeuieBjie {not expensive, less expensive)

meHumbda u saMyMecmeo

When speaking of a man, use the verb >KeHHXbc>i (na kom).

^eHHXboi is both imperfective and perfective. A man who is

married is >KeHax (na kom).

When speaking of a woman, use the verbal pair BbixoAHXb/ebiiixM
3aiviy>K (3a Kord).A woman who is married is 3aiviyjKeivi (3a KeM).
When speaking of two persons, use the verbal pair JKCHHTbCfl/
no^eHHXbOi. In this context, >KeHHTbCH is imperfective. Russians
use the verbal pair BeHMaxbca/noBeHHaxbCfl when referring to a
church wedding. Use the adjective ^KeHaxbi when referring to a
married couple.

48 COpOK GOCeMb Fjiaed 2

CeaflbSa
nwctMO B PE/IAKUMIO
— BOCKpeceHbe?
Fjie Tbi GbiJia b
Ce«™cCTaTOM0flHUMBeH4aTtC,B
— Mbi K Te6e laxoflHJiH.
— Ha Iloflpyra no
ceaflbSe. Bbimna uiKOJie 3aMy:»c.
— CKOJibKo ew ner? M.H., FoMejib
— Owa HCMHoro Mon6:»ce mchh. A ee jkchmx I

0««»,.-fla.i,eMcTB„Te;,t„o.
Ha naxb nex cxapiue. pa3B0i,a He aaer. UepKoBt
— 0;iHH MOH coSMpaexca
jipyr xd:*:e :»ceHHXbCH.
Ho Bce n„T
Erd HCBecxa pyccKaa. CHa™a.no3™M,npaBocr„r''^''^^^
UepKostaonycKaeTBTopofi.aBcaMux
KpaHH„xc.y^a,x„^,'L«'4;=^"«

oduH(odHd)

OflMH (oflHa) is often the equivalent of the English article a.

OflMH MOM Apyr = oflMH M3 MOMx flpyscM (a friend of

mine/one of my friends)
OflHa MOH noflpyra = onHa m3 momx noapyr
OflMH Moii npo4)eccop = ojimh m3 momx npo4)eccopdB

2-8 MHb'iMM cjiOBaMM. OdtflCHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. Mbi K xe6e 3axoflMnM. 3. Ona neMHoro cxapme MeHH.

2. y HMX 3aBxpa CBajibSa. 4. Oh MOJid:ace Mena Ha naxb nex.

2-9 KaK CKaBaxb no-pyccKM? jUawxe pyccKMe BKBWBaneHXbi.

1. Mary got married. 7. I didn't know that Natasha and

2. John got married. Vladimir were married.
3. Mary and John got married. 8. I didn't know that Vera was married.
4. Natasha, when are you getting married? 9. I didn't know that Alexander was married.
5. Vladimir, when are you getting married?
6. Natasha and Vladimir, when are you getting married?

2-10 noroBopMM o ce5e. y3HaMxe apyr y apyra.

1. B KaKOM Bd3pacxe (at what age) Bbi xoxMxe bumxm 3aMyjK/>KeHHXbCH?

2. y Bac ecxb jipy3bH, Koxdpbie y:»:e ^KCHHJiHCb/BbimjTH 3aMy:«:?
3. Bbi Korjia-HMdyAb dbijiM na CBaxibde? PaccKa:»cMxe o6 3xom.

2-11 Box TaKa« CMxyauMfl. Pa3birpaMxe.

Bamn flpy3bfl 3bohmjim saM secb aenb. OStacHMxe, ffle Bbi 6binM.

Mbi u Hdiuu yKUQomHhie copoKdeGnntb 49

Hto HOBoro?
— npHBCT, HTO HOBOrO?
— KaK ACJia?
— HtO CJlbllllHO?
— HHMcro.
— Bee B nopjiAKe.
— Bee HopMajibHo.
(KaxH) — Ay mchh HOBoexH.
— KaKHe?
(Kaxa) — nojiyMHJia nnebMO
ox noflpyrH h3 OexepGypra. Y Hee Sy^ex peSeHOK

2-12 IloroBopMM o ce6e. YsHaiixe npyr y apyra.

1. Bbi, a He Kaxji, nojiynHJiH 3xo nwcbMO. KaK bm paccKaacexe o6 3xom ApysbJiM?

2. KaK hxo nanHcajia KaxH b oxbcx? Hxo 6bi Bbi HanHcajiH?
Bbi flyMaexe,

3. y Bac cerdflHH ecxb hobocxm? 3xo xopduiMe hobocxm mjim nnoxne?

4. Bbi qacxo nonyqaexe nMCbMa? Ox Kord? ^xo ohm nMuiyx?
5. y Bac ecxb Spaxbfl m cecxpbi mnm Bbi eaMHCXBeHHbiM pedenoK b ccmbc?
6. KaKafl ceMba nymue, donbuiaa mum ManeHbKafl?

2-13 BoT xaKaii CMTyauMH. PaceKa:acHxe bccm o nncbMC, Koxopoe Bbi nojiyHHjiH.

1 . Your friend Ivan is getting married. 6. Your friends Vladimir and Lena have recently
2. Your friend Masha is getting married. gotten married.
3. You got an invitation to a wedding. 7. Your friends Valya and Boris are
4. Your friend Lena is going to have a baby. getting married.
5. Your friends Sasha and Nina are 8. Your friends Natasha and Cyrill have
getting married. gotten divorced.

Mto Mbi MyecTByeivi: khk BbipasMTb cbom aMOUMii. Hb rasexbi «ApryMeHXbi h 4)aKXbi», 1994.

Heed gm 6oumecb?

jier, uiKOJibHHua:
Mama, 15
HaMHTaeiubCH b raBCxax
«Xp6HV.KH npOHCUieCTBHH»
na CBCxe 6oHTbCH.
5 Jeuib Bcero
xenepb hh 3a mto
a HanpHMcp, He3HaKOMHM
C
h; .aftAy B
Me;ioBeKOM - cTpauiHo! KceHHfl, 22 roaa, paGonafl:
y aac no Ka6ejibH0My
HpHHa, 21 vojy, ;io\ioxo3^HKa: 9{
TejieBHueHHK) Macro
OMCHb 5oK5cb oxnycKaxb cBoero noKasbiBaioT 4)i4JibMbi y>KacoB.
My>Ka oxiHoro Ha xycoBKH. OxKpoBeHHO roBopa, nocjie hhx
noHMMaexe, oh y mchh tbk
OOldCb 3aX0AHTb B TCMHyK)
jierKO B/iio6jifleTCH... Mx66bi
KyxHK). To ecTb He to
5oK5cb, a xaK HenpnaTHo.

^ The affectionate suffix -eubKa is often added to personal names.

50 nnmbdecAm Fjiaad 2
2-14 Ilocjie HTCHMH. A Herd SoMxecb Bbi?

2-15 KtO 3T0 rOBOpMT? OoCMOTpHTe Ha KapTHHKH H CKaJKHTC, KTO 3T0 FOBOpHT.
1. — EoTKe ^to Aenaxb?! Y mchh saBxpa KOHTpdnbHaa,
Moii! He totob. a a
2. — Ypa! 51 Bbiwrpajia
noxepeio!!!
3. — y Mena cnanbHe orpOMHbiM MepHbiM nayK.
b
4. — Mto MauiwHa ne chct!
flenaxb?! na paSoxy! 51 ono3jiaio
5. — y Mena xaKOM y»:acHbiM aenb! HMMerd He xony aenaxb — npdcxo
6biji 51 CMjiexb y xeneBMsopa.
6. — mom! KaKaa CKyMHaa JieKUMa!
Bd:»ce cewHac lacny. 51

7. — r^e Bdpa? Oh HaBepHoe onaxb wrpaex xeHHMC JlapMCoM. b c

8. — HaKoneu, nojiyMH/ia naxepKy!
a
9. — y Mens cuoMajiCH xe;ieBM3op, xoxejia CMOxpexb hobocxh.
a a

1.

Mama cep^Hxa. MapK B OXMaHHHH. riexH HepBHHMaex.

5.

Bepa B Bocxopre. Tana paccxpoena. Haxama AOBOJibHa.

7. 8.

6/ibre CKyMHO. Tom HcnyraH. Boji6;iH ycxaji.

ycmamb

ycxaji (ycxajia, ycxajiH) is the past tense of the perfective verb ycxaxb. The EngHsh equivalent
of H ycxaji/a is usually I'm tired, but it can also be / have become (gotten) tired or / was tired.

Mm u Hauiu MUGomHbie nnntbdecAm oduH 51

2-16 3m6uMM. nOCMOXpHXe Ha KapXHHKH H BCnOMHHTe.

1. noHCMy Bepa b BOCTopre? 6. noMCMy HexH HepBHimaex?

2. noHCMy MapK b oxHaHHHH? 7. noHCMy Boji6;iH ycxaji?
3. noMCMy Tom Hcnyran? 8. noMCMy Haxaiiia jiOBOJibHa?
4. rioMeMy Ojibre CKy^HO? 9. rioHeMy Tana paccxpoena?
5. noMCMy Mama cep^iHxa?

2-17 Box xaKafl CMTyauM«. BcnoMHHxe cHxyauHio, Kor^a bbi moxjih CKasaxb:

1. «5I B B0cx6pre!» 7. «^ 6biii xaK flOBoneHl/H 6bma xax noB6iibHa!»

2. «^[ B OXMaHHHH!» 8. «^ xaK ycxan/a!»
3. «^ y»:acHO HepBHHHaK)!» 9. «^ 6bm/a xaK cepmix/a!»
4. «5I 5bm/a b Bocxdpre!» 10. «H 5bm/a xaK Mcny ran/a !»
5. «5I 6bm/a b oxHaHHMM!» 11. 5bm/a xaK paccxp6eH/a!»
«fi
6. «5I yxacHO HepBHMHa;i/a!» 12. «MHe Sbino xaK CKyqHo!»

rOBOPHTE nPABHJIbHO!
HMeHHTCJibHbiH HSijiem (The nominative case)

Nouns and pronouns in the nominative case answer the questions Kxo? or Hxo?
and denote the subject of a sentence or clause.

Kmo?
Eopn HaM MHoro paccKa3biBaji o xe6e. Borya has told us a lot about you.

Imo?
Tboh MauiHHa cxohx na yjiHue. Your car is parked on the street.

Nouns, pronouns, and adjectives after the unexpressed present tense of the verb Sbixb
and after the introductory word 3to (this is, that is, these are, those are) are also in the
nominative case.

Erd oxeu — epaH, a erd Maxb — lopiiCT. His father's a physician, and
his mother's a lawyer.
Mx flOM OMCHb 60J1bUl6M. Their home is very big.
3X0 He MOM KHiiru. These aren't my books.

He aaSyflbxe!
rio-pyccKM Mbi roBopiiNi:

Kxo BauiH poAHxe.iH? KtO XBOfi oxeu/xBOH Maxb?

What do your parents Jo'.' What ilot's your mother/father do?

52 HHrnbdecAm daa Fjiaad 2

2-18 BoT TaKaa ciiTyauMH. PasbirpaMxe.

Cnpocume dpyea Omeembme dpyey

1. if his/her apartment is expensive that your apartment is not expensive

2. if his/her grandparents are old that your grandparents are not very old
3. what courses are easy that physics is easy
4. what his/her parents do what your parents do
5. if these are his/her things these aren't your things

2-19 KaK Bbi CKajKCTC no-pyccKM? JUaMxe pyccKiie 3KBiiBajieHTbi.

1. Her uncle is a doctor. 5. Is your brother a professor?

2. Their aunt is an engineer. 6. What does her fiancee do?
3. My grandparents are lawyers. 7. What does his fiancee do?
4. Is your sister a teacher?

2-20 O CBOHX poncTBCHHMKax. OTBeTbTC Ha Bonpdcbi.

1. Kto BauiM pomixenw, Bamw cecTpbi m 6paTbH?

2. Kto Baui jiajiH? Kto Bama tcth?
3. Kto BaiuM jiBoroponHbie SpaTba m cecTpbi?

OKOHudHUR cymecmeumeAbHux e UMenumeAbHOM nadejice

MHOJtcecmeeHHoeo hucau

Pay attention to word stress. Some masculine nouns like ctoji are stressed on the ending
in the plural. Some feminine nouns like cxpana, meni, cecxpa are stressed on the ending in

the singular and on the stem in the plural: crpaHbi, %eHbi. cecrpbi. See pages 357-59 for an
explanation of stress patterns in Russian nouns.

Most CTd-type nouns and all

rasexa-type nouns take the ending niicaTejib nMcaxeji-ii

-bi or -H in nominative plural. All
napK napK-H
flBcpb-type nouns take -m in the
BpaM BpaM-ii
nominatve plural.
Myaefi Myse-M
cocea cocefl-M

PCTOJl CTO.l-bl H KHiir-a KHMr-M

r»:ypHaji :*;ypHan-bi Henen-H Heae.T-M

0T|e|u OTU-bi CCMb-H CeMb-M

raseT-a m raseT-iJH flBepb m jiBep-M

MyiKHHH-a My:^Hill^||| Hoqb HOM-M

iKBapTMp-a KBapTMp-bl MaTb MaT-ep-H
IcTpaH-a m CTpaH-bl uepK|o|Bb uepKB-M

Mbl U HdlUU TKUGOinHbie nnmbdecAm mpu

2-21 IIpoBepbTe nocTaBbxe cymecTBHxejibHbie b HMeHHxejibHOM
ce6fl. naAe:»ce.
ynoTpe6HTe MHO^cecTBCHHoe mhcjio.
Odpaseu: ctoh ^ ctojim neKUMa jickumm

naccaxwp aBToSyc cxpoMxenb acnwpaHx

AepcBHH xypMcx KapaHflam
MaiiiMHa KOMHara cafl pyHKa
cnMHKa Bemb ynima MH:aceHep
ropMCT Ka4)eTepMM 4)aMMIIMfl nnomaflb
Hapdfl nepcBOfl pySjib KOCMOHaBX
noHKa TOBapMLU, flOJiJiap HCMeu
4)paHLi;y3 MxajibHHeLi Kypc 5I3bIK

All OKHO-type nouns have nominatve

nwcbM-d HMCbM-a
plurals ending in -a or -a. A limited
Mecx-o Mecx-a
number of CTOJi-type nouns have
nominative plurals ending in a stressed OKH-6 OKH-a
-a or -a and must be memorized. MM-eH-a
Benep Beqep-a
flOM m flOM-a
Mdp-e Mop-a rdpofl ropofl-a
ynpa«H^HM-e ynpaxHCHM-a ndcnopx nacnopx-a
3AaHM-e 3AaHH-a npdnycK nponycK-a
yqilxejib y^Mxeji-H npo(j)eccop npo4>eccop-a

• A few masculine nouns have exceptional plural forms.

flpyr flpy3-b-fl 6pax m 6pax-b-H

CblH CUHOB-b-^ cxyji cxyji-b-a
Myac

These three nouns are stressed These nouns are stressed

on the ending in all plural on the stem in all plural
forms. Note the MarKMii forms. Note the MflrKMM
3HaK (-b-) before the stressed 3HaK (-b-) before the
ending -k. unstressed ending -a.

He aaSynbTe!
pe6eH|o|K »
iiejioBCK nvSjxu - person » people

54 nHmbdecnm Hembipe
2-22 OpoBepbTe ceSfl. OocTaBbTe cymecxBHTejibHbie b iiMeHHTe^ibHOM nazie»:e.
ynoTpeoHTe MH6:»:ecTBeHHoe qiic.io.

06pa3eu: okho m OKHa flOM m jONia

ne.io NieCTO BUHO 3flaHne cocea apyr
nd.ie BpcNia ropoa 6paT peGcHOK
nncbMO lanaHMe ynpa^HCHMe nMcaxe.ib Myx CblH
C.IOBO nde3n npdnycK nopT4)enb HeJlOBCK najibTO

npH.iaraTe.ibHbie h MecTOHMeHiiH-npH.iaraTejibHbie

Nouns are often described by adjectives and by pronominal adjectives called special modifiers.
Adjectives and special modifiers (other than the possessive pronouns ero, ee. mx) agree with
the noun they qualify in gender, number, and case.

OKOHudmiH MecmouMeHiiii-npujiaedmejihHbix e UMenumejibHOM nadeyhe

All special modifiers have a zero (-#) ending in the nominative singular masculine form.

My^CKoii poj
3T0T this, that MOH my/mine Ham our/ours
# TOT that (as opposed to this) TBOil your/yours eam your/yours
(zero ending) oj|h|h one. a certain (one) CBOH one's own
B|e|cb all. the whole, the entire M|e|ii whose?

CpenmiH pon MCeHCKHH poa

3T-0 Mo-e Haui-e 3T-a MO-^
-0 T-0 TBO-e Baiii-e -a T-a TBO-fl
03H-d CBo-e oaH-a CBO-^
-e/-e
BC-e Ham-a BC-fl

Mb-e eam-a Mb-fl

MHOJKecTBeHHoe
HHCJIO
3T-I1 MO-M T-e
-H OJH-H TBO-M BC-e
Ham-M CBO-lf
-e
Baui-M Mb-H

Mbl U HdlUU TKUGOmHbie HMmbdecAm nnmb 55

 Be sure to distinguish the non-changing introductory word 3to (this

is, that is, these are. those are) from the special modifier 3tot (ixa,
3T0, 3TH - this, that, these) which agrees with the noun it qualifies
in gender, number, and case.

3to Mott JKypHaji. 3tot Mypnin mom.

This is my magazine. This magazine is mine.
3t0 MOe HMCbMO. 3t0 HMCbMO Moe.
This is my letter This letter is mine.
3to moh KHMra. 3X3 KHMra MOH.
This is my hook. This book is mine.
3to mom CMrapeTbi. 3xM CMrapexbi mom.
These are my cigarettes. These cigarettes are mine.

2-23 ripoBepbxe ceSfl. nocTaBbxe cjDpaBbi b HMCHHxe/ibHOM naae^Ke. YnoTpeGHTe

MHO^KeCTBeHHOe MHCJIO.

XBOe HMCbMO MOM flpyr xo cnoBo

BeCb flCHb Bame naubxd 3X0 ynpajKHCHMe
Ham cocefl Bam CbiH 3X0X yneSHMK
MOM 6pax xox MenoBCK 3X0X pe6eH0K
3X0 Mecxo MOM KapaHflam nam acnnpanx

OKOHHttHUH npujiaedmejibHbix g uMemimejibHOM nade^tce

The spelling of adjective endings depends on spelling rules and on whether or not the ending
is stressed. Try to remember the following.

• bl ^ H after velars (k, r, x) and hushers (m, h, m). In the nominative case, this
affects nominative masculine singular and nominative plural forms.

• Unstressed ^
O E after hushers (ui, jk, m, m) and u. This affects the spelling of
nominative neuter singular forms and masculine-neuter prepositional singular forms.

• Adjectives with stress on the ending have the ending -6u in the masculine nominative
singular form (^[lopor-OH vs. HOB-bin; 6ojibm-6H vs. xopomuH).
• Soft-stem adjectives have stems ending in a "soft-H." Therefore, only so-called "soft"
vowels are pronounced and spelled in their endings.

Adjectives with stems ending in a soft husher

(I'opHM-HM, ciejiyioiq-HM) are not considered
soft-stem adjectives. Spell their endings according
to the spelling rules.

56 nHinbdecAm luecmb Fjiaad 2

 REGULAR STEMS SOFT STEMS
MyjKCKOH po;i
-bIH nUrs Dill Kaiv UM pyLCR.— Mil BCMepH-HH
-HH noop-biii oo.ibm-oii ropHM-HH .IIIIUH-HH
-\jn HHxepecH-biii Ziopor-OH XOpOUI-HH noc-ieziH— Hik
MOJIOH-OH yxpeHH-HH

Cpej[HHH poa
HOB-Oe KaK-6e pyccK-oe BCMepH-ee
-OE ;i66p-oe oojibiu-oe ropHM-ee -iHuiH-ee
-FF
-till/ HHTepecH-oe ;iopor-6e xopom-ee IIUCJlC>-ln— CC

MO.iozi-6e yTpcHH-ee

^eHCKHH po;i
HOB-an KaK-a>i pyccK-a>i BCMepH-flil
-AH Jl66p-afi oojibiu-afl ropHH-a>i -inuiH-nfi
iiHTepecH-afl jopor-aii xopom-afl noc.iejH->i>i
yxpeHH-Hii

MHOJKeCTBCHHOe
HHCJIO HOB-bie KaK-HC pyccK-He BenepH-He
j66p-bie OO.lbLU-He ropHH-He .iniuH-He
-blE HHTepecH-bie zjopor-iie xopom-He noc.ie:iH-He
-HE MOJio/i-bie yxpeHH-He

2-24 KaK Bbi CKajKCTC? nocTaBbxe BbijiejieHHbie cjiosa bo MHO^^ecxBeHHOM mhcjic.

Cne.iaHTe ;ipyriie HeooxoAHMbie HBMeHeHHa.

06pa3eu: 3to cxapbiii hom. » 3x0 cxapbie aoMa.

1. 3x0 Ham hobbim npenoaaBaTejib. 7. Erd 6paT xopdiuMw Bpaq, a erd

2. 3x0 MecTO 3aHJixo. cecxpa M3BecxHbiM lopwcx.
3. 3x0 HOBoe o6me*MTMe? 8. Kxo XBOH apyr?
4. 3x0 o5me>Ki!Tiie hoboc. 9. riocxaBb 3X0X cxyji ciona.
5. y Bac ecxb pyccKO-aHr.xpiMCKHii 10. Ha.M npenonaex MSBecxHbiii
cjioeapb? npocjDeccop pyccKoii nwHrBMCXMKM.
6. Hbfl 3X0 co6aKa?

2-25 KaK Bbi CKajKCTe no-pyccKM? J^aiixe pyccKwe 3KBMBaneHXbi.

1. These are my books. 5. Are these your pencils?

2. These aren't my books. 6. Are those books his?
3. Is that your car? 7. Are those his books?
4. These are our new Russian students.
All of them speak good English.

Mbi u Hciiuu yKiiGontHbie nnmbdecHm c€Mb 57

 BbipameHHe viecxa (2)

The questions rae, Kvaa, and OTKVja can be answered by constructions in the genitive

and dative cases.

y + genitive nie?/y Kord? y Tjpyra

K + dative K>'na?/K KOMy? K Jipyry
OT + genitive OTKy4a?/OT Koro? OT jipyra

PojHTejibHbiii najejK (The genitive case)

• The preposition y is used with animate nouns in the genitive case to answer the question rue?

rde?/y Koeo?
Bnepa mw y JIk)66bh CepreeBHbi.
o6ei3a.in
Yesterday we had dinner at Liuhov Sergeevna's.

rde?/yKoed? Fde?
Jlexo Mbi o5bmHO npoBonH.in y 6a6ymKH e jepeeHc.
We usually spent our summers in the country at our grandmother's.

• The preposition or is used with animate nouns in the genitive case to answer the question OTKvja?
OmKyda?
Koraa Tbi BepHeiDbCH ot poziHTejieii? When will you get back from your parents?
OmKyda?
M cer6nH5i nosjHo Bepnycb ot Bpana. I'll be late getting back from the doctor's
today.

^axeJibBbiH na;ie% (The dative case)

• The preposition k is used with animate nouns in the dative case to show the person
or persons whose place of residence is the destination of motion.

Kydd?IK KOMy?
Cero^HH BCMepoM Mbi hucm k J1io66bh CepreeBHe.
We' re going to see Liubov Sergeevna tonight.

Kydd?/K KOMX?
Bbi MacTO esuHxe k po^jjhtcjihm?
Do you often go home to see your parents?

Kydd?/K KOMy?
^ 3axo;iHJi/a k Teoe. ho hhkofo hc 6biJio.
/ stopped by to see you, but nobody was home.
Kydd?
51Hny K ce5e.
I'm going back to my room.

58 nnmbdecAm ooceMb Fjiaad 2

JIimHue MecmouMeHu.i e ddme.UHOM nadejtce

HMem'iTe.ibHbiH KTO HTO TbI OH. OHO OHa Mbl Bbl OHH

ZlaTe.lbHblH KOMV MeMV MHe Te5e en HaM BaM HM ce6e

K KOMV KO MHe K Te5e K HeMV K Hefi K HaM K BaM K HUM K ceoe

OKOHndHiLi cyuiecmeume.ihHhix e ddme.ihHOM uadeotce

1. EjHHCTBeHHOe MHCIO

Cxo.i-type and OKHO-type nouns

CTO-l CTOJi-y
have dative singular forms ending
OTU-y

1
oxlelu
in -y/-K).
Myx
micbM-o HHCbM-y
ymrre.ib VMHTe.l-IO

HHKO-iaft HnKO.ia-io
3iiaHH-e 3ZiaHM-I0

ZlBepb-t>pe nouns have dative

xen-a jKeH-e
singular forms ending in -e.
Heneji-H Heaen-e
raaexa-type nouns with stems
ending with the vowel -h- before BaH-a Ban-e
the ending also have dative singular e ceMb-a ceMb-^
forms ending in -h. otherwise they •H Mapri-H -H
have the ending -e.
HOHb HOH-M
Maxb NiaT-ep-H
jBepb JBCfMi

2-26 CnpocMTe apyr apyra. K komv bu luexe cerdnHa?

Odpaseu: jpyr m 51 nay k apyry.

ymixenb cecxpa Haxauia Fa-iuHa BacnxbeBHa

6pax 6a6yiiiKa jflafl EBreniin riexpoBim
BaHfl JlKDOOBb cocea npo(|)eccop ZlypnH
oreu aoHb noapyra Tlexp IlxbMM
aeavuiKa Niaxb Bopiic .liiaiiJi FpiiropbeBHa

lAbi u Hdiuu ykitGomHbie nHmhdecRm deeamb 59

2. MHO^KeCTBCHHOe MHCJTO

Nouns with stems ending

CTOJl CTon-awr^^^JJI
in a hard consonant or a
yHllBepCMTCT yHHBepcHTex-aM
husher take the ending -aM -aM
in the dative plural.
OKH-d OKH-aM
jiaM-a flaq-aw

Nouns with stems ending in

Ka(J>eTepMH Ka{|)exepii-JIM
a soft consonant or -n take
xpaMBaii xpaMBa-HM
the ending -»m in the dative
nopT4)eirb nopx4)eii-»M
plural.
JieKUM-JI jieKLlM-HM

ynpa>KHeHM-e ynpa:«;HeHH-aM
apyr - apy3b-H flpy3b-aM
Gpax - Spaxb-a 6paxb-HM

2-27 npoeepbxe ce5fl. llocxaBbxe cymecxBHxe/ibHbie b nMCKHxejibHOM h ^axejibHOM

na;ie«e. YnoxpeSHxe MHO^KecxBCHHoe hhcjIO.

Odpasen: npo(})eccop npo4)eccopa npo4)eccopaM

flpyr yMMxenb cecxpa cxa»;ep nonpyra

5pax SaSyiiiKa cxyflCHXKa openonaBaxenb
cecxpa CeMbH cocea cxyncHx cbm
oxeu flOHb acnHpaHXKa qe.xoBeK pe6eH0K

OKOHndnuH npujiaedmejibHbix u MecmouMmuu-npujiaedmejibHbix

G ddmejibHOM nade'jtce

• Adjective modifiers and special modifiers for masculine and neuter nouns have the
dative singular endings -OMyZ-eiviy.

-OMy CeroAHfl BCMepoM mu macm k Hameiviy hobomv npenoaaBaxenio

-eiviy pyccKoro asbiKa.
We're goini^ to see our new Russian professor tonight.

• Adjective modifiers and special modifiers for feminine nouns have the dative singular
endings -OM/-eii.

-oil Ho flopdre aomom Kaxn saxomiJia k CBoeii hobom nonpyre.

-en On her way home, Katya stopped by to visit her new friend.
• Adjective modifiers for plural nouns have the dative plural endings -mmZ-mm.
-bIM BMepa mbi xoahjim k momm hobbim pyccKHM apysb^M.
-MM We went to see my new Russian friends yesterday.

• Special modifiers for plural nouns have the endings -mmZ-cm.

-MM 05H3axejlbHO CKa>KM BCCM CBOMM ZipyBbflM 06 3X0M.

-CM Be sure to tell all your friends about this.

60 mecmbdecAm Eiaed 2
2-28 K KOMv Bbi HacTO xojiMTe? YnoTpeSHTc ejiHHCTBeHHoe h MHOJKecxBeHHoe mhc/io.

06pa3eu: mom cxapuiMM 6paT 51 Macxo xo:*cy k Moeiviy cxapiueiviy Opaxy.

H Macxo xo«;y k momm cTapuiMM 6paxb5i!vi.

MOfl Maxb 3XOX CKyMHbIM MeHOBCK Bam oxeu

MOM npenoaaBaTCTib Bama cxapiuaa cecxpa Bam fleflymxa
Haiiia MJiamuaji jxonh XBoii HOBbiMpyccKMM flpyr Ham HOBbiM cocefl
earn cxapiuMM 5pax xa cepbesHaa cxynenxKa xox HCMeu
xBOfl HOBaH pyccKaa nonpyra 3X0X n66pbiM npo4)eccop 3X0X pyCCKMM MejlOBCK
Ham cepbe3HbiH cxyjieHx 3xa pyccKaa acnwpaHXKa Bam MnajimMM CbiH

2-29 KaK Bbi CKajKCxe? IloBxopMxe KOHcxpyKUMM y kozoIk KOMy.

Odpaseu: — B nexcxBC a «Mji/a y 6a6yuiKH. A rae bbi ^^mjtm?

— Bqepa a esuMn/a k 6a6ymKe. A Kyjia bbi esnnuM?

MOH xexfl Hama MaMa ee cxapbiM jipyr

MOM nana mx Mnaamaa cecxpa moh xopdmaa noapyra
Ham nenymKa ero cxapmMM 6pax

Fjiaroji: nepeoe cnpiiiKeHHe

In your introductory course, you probably learned some or all of the following first-conjugation
verbs. The following are "special" first-conjugation verbs. You must memorize the first-person
form in order to learn the stem from which they conjugate. There are only a few verbs in each
of these groups.

1. >KMXb-type Also includes: nubixb - to swim, sail

iKMBy ^MBeM
:*:MBemb :«;MBeTe
>KMBeX »:MByT

HMXb-type Also includes: 6MXb - to hit, strike, beat

nbid nbCM jiMXb - to pour
nbeuib obexe mMXb - to sew
nbex nbiox

Mbixb-type Also includes: 3aKpbixb (perf.) to close, to shut

MOK) MoeM oxKpbixb (perf.) to open
Moeiub Moexe
Moex MOIOX
6bixb-type Also includes: 3a6hiTh (perf.) - to forget

6yay Syneivi
6yaeuib 6ynexe
Syaex Synyx

Mbl U HdlUU TKUGdntHbie uiecmbdecHtn oduH 61

 J. jivic 1 D-iypc
yMCK) yMccivi MMCTb - to have
y ivicciiiD y ivicc 1 c
yMeex yMCiox
A
D. BepHyxb-type

BepHy eepHeiM yjibi6HyTbCfl iperf.) - to smile

BepHCUlb eepHcxe
eepHCx eepHyx
/ . BecxM-type /\iso inciuaes nepeeecTM - to translate
iperf.)
eeneivi npneecTM (perf.) - to bring (someone)

Bcaeuib eeflexe npoeecxM (perf.) - to spend

eenex eeayx paseecTMCb (perf.) - to get divorced
Q Kjiacxb-type yKpacTb - to steal
O. (perf.)
KJiaay KJiaflCM ynacxb (perf) - to fall down
Knaaeiub Knaaexe cecTb (perf) (note: e » a: cflfly, caayx) to sit down
K.najiex K.naayx
o
y. MOHb-type
A 1
Also includes noMOHb (perf.) - to help

Mory MO^KCM neMb (neKy, neqeiub, ncKyr) - to bake

Moxeiub Md>Kexe cxpHHb (cTpwry, CTpM«:eiiib, cxpMryr) - to cut, mow
M6:»cex Moryx ne^h (perf) (note: e a: nary, naryx) - to lie down

lU. CHflXb-type Also includes noHHXb (perf.) (noMMy. noMMeiiib) - to understand

CHHMV CHHMCM sanaxb (perf.) (saMMy. saiiMeiub) - to borrow, occupy
CHMNieUlb CHMMCXe npMHflTb (perf.) (npwMy, npiiMeiiib) - to accept, take

CHMMCX CHMMyX noflHflXb (perf.) (noflHiiMy, noxiHMMemb) - to raise, lift

B3flXb (peif) (B03bMy, B03bMeiiib) - to take

1 1 . The following verbs are first-conjugation verbs, but they are the only verbs of each type:

nexb/cnexb - to sing pacxw/BbipacxM - to grow

noH) nocM pacxy pacxcM

noeuib noexe pacxeuib pacxexe
noex noiox pacxex pacxyx
Past tense: poc, poena, pocnw

2-30 j^HajiOFH. Read the following short dialogues that contain first- and second-conjugation
verbs. Use non-past forms for the verbs. Remember that perfective verbs indicate future actions.

1. nexb
— Tbi xopomo noeuib?
— KoHCMHO, a xopomo . B necxee a 6paji/a ypOKH ncHna.
— A XBon 5pax?
— 4x0 Bbi! Oh y^KacHO .

2. ia5bixb
— Tbi He 3a6yjieuib nepeziaxb iim ox mchh npiiBex?
— Hex, He .

62 uiecmbdecAm dea El and 2

 3. BepHyTb
— Kor/ia Tbi MHe eepHeuib 3Ty KHHry?
— 51 ee laBTpa hjih nocjiesaBTpa.
4. BcxaTb
— 51 3aBTpa BCTany paHO. Kor^a xbi
— ^ B 7, a MapK, HaBepHoe. noBJKe.
5. CHHTb
— Ha ciieziyioinHH ron a CHMMy KBapxHpy.
— Mbi T6>Ke KBapTHpy.
— A MapK He . Y Hero Majio Aener.
6. JKZiaTb
— Tbi MCHH ziaBHO mneuib?
— Hex, 51 TOJlbKO HeCKOJlbKO MHHyr.
7. nK)6MTb
— Tbi jiK)6Hmb KJiaccHMecKyK) MysbiKy?
— Hex, n ^.yff^^^3, a moh pojiHxejiH
KJiaccHMecKyK) MysbiKy.
8. noMOMb
— Tbi MHe noMO^Keuib nepeBeixii MeSejib?
— KoHCHHo, . Moh Apy3bH x6»Le .

9. cneuiMXb
— Kyzia Bbi Bce cneuiHxe?
— 51 Ha KOHuepx. a ohh na JiexuHK). ToJibKO
xbi OAHH (o;iHa) HHKyfla ne .

10. BepnyxbCH
— Korjia xbi eepHeuiboi ceroiiHH h3 yHHBepcHxexa?
— 51 ceroAHH pano, a Kocxa h Ilexp
nos/iHO, OHH noiwyx b 6H5jiHoxeKy.
11. qyBCXBOBaxb
— ^ Bimy, Hxo xbi njioxo nyBCTByeuib ce6H.
— /^eHCXBHxejibHO, 51 ceoH HeBa:«;HO. B xaKyio noroay Bce
ce6H xy^e.
12. 50HXbCH
— noMeMy xbi SoHuibCH 3K3aMeHa?
— ^ He , a npocxo nepBHHMaK), a Hnna h Cepe:>Ka
3K3aMeHa, xox^ npeKpacHO Bce snaiox.
13. ziaBaxb
— Kxo naex xeoe mixaxb xaKiie HHxepecHbie JKypnajibi h raiexbi?
— Kax5i H MaKCHM HaM HHxepecHyio JiHxepaxypy, a a
HM aMepHKaHCKHe khmfh.
14. XOXeXb/MOMb
— Kxo XOMCT H MOJKCT noexaXb B PoCCHK) yMMXb pyCCKHH 5I3bIK?
— ^ OMeHb , HO, K COXaJieHHK), B 3X0M TOfly He
Moii ;ipy3bH H noexaxb ymixbCJi b Pocchk).

Mm u Hdiuu yKUGomHbie uiecmbdecAm mpu

 Fjiaroji: npouiejiuiee epeiviii

In the past tense verbs do not conjugate. They agree with their subject in number and, in the
singular, in gender.

MapK noxep^Ji CTyAeHHecKnii Gujiex. (masculine singular)

KaTH nojiyHHjia micbMO ot noApyrn. (feminine singular)
Bee 6biJio roTOBO. (neuter singular)
Mto cjiyMHJiocb? (neuter singular) xMm m
Ee pojiHTejiii HeaaBHO nepeexajiH b MocKBy. (plural) Remember that kto always takes
Kto Te6e 3to CKasaji? (masculine singular) masculine singular agreement;
Bce and hto always take neuter
singular agreement.
"riiiiiWiiMl

06pa30GdHue npoiuediueeo epeMenu (Formation of the past tense)

• To form the past tense for most verbs with infinitives ending in -tb, remove the -Tb
add -Jl, -jia, -Jio, or -JIM.

HHXa Vxb / (masc.) -JI MHXa *jr"^

roBopH YY (fern.) -jia HHTa JI a
eepHy Tli . (neut.) -JIO Hiixa JI
A 1

6bi (pl.) -JlH HHXa JI H

yTb \

• Some verbs, including those with infinitives ending in -Hb, do not have the suffix -Ji in
the masculine singular past tense form.

MapK He CMor Baexaxb 3a Kaxeft. (cMOHb) Himero He noMorjio. (noMOMb)

KaxM Jierjia cnaxb oneHb hobaho. (jienb) Bbi mhc oqenb noMorjiii. (noMOHb)

• The verbs cecxb iperf) and bccxh form their past tense with the suffix -ji.

MapK ceji B MaiuHHy h yexaji.

B ;iexcxBe Mama eejia AHeBHHK na pyccKOM jisbiKe.

Learn the past tense of the perfective verb BbipacxH {to grow up). N'
tliat the past tense forms are spelled with an -o-.

— Fjie Bbl BbipOCJIH?

— 51 Bbipocjia B Kajin4)6pHHH, a Tom Bbipoc Ha CpejiHeM 3ana;3e.

64 luecmbdecAm nembipe Fjiaad 2

YdapeHue (Stress)

Most verbs have fixed stress in the past tense forms, but you should try to learn the most
common verbs that have a switching stress pattern in the past tense.

• HaMaTb (perf.), 3aiiHTb (perf.), noiLHTb (perf.), npHH^Tb (perf.)

The feminine singular ending is stressed. In all other forms, stress is on the prefix.

Ha.i HaMaji a Ha
3a SaHHJl a 3a
no noHH,n a no HH.IH
npi'i HH.l npiiHH.i a npi'i

Gpaxb, 6biTb, B3HTb (perf.), 3BaTb, jiarb (perf.), mnajb, %HTb, nHTb, cnaxb.
The feminine singular ending is stressed. In all other forms, stress is on the stem.

6paji opaji a opajiii

6biJi 6bIJI Obl.lH
B3HJ1 B3HJ1 ^ B3H.in
nasi aaji A HaJTH
a
nnji a
cnaji cna.1 a cna.iii

jiCMb (perf), MOHb, noMOMb (perf), bccth. Stress is on the ending in all past tense forms.

jier jier.i -len H

Mor MODI MOFjI H
BC-l BCjI Beji H

He saSyflbxe!

1. PojiHTbCH is the only second

the endings in the past tense.
poaiiJic^ po/lHJiacb po;3HJiHCb

Cxaxb and prefixed forms of cxaib, as well as nexb have no stress shift
in the past tense.
cxaji cxajia cxajiH
ycxaji ycxajia ycxajiH
neji nejia nejiii

When is preceded by the negative particle He in the past tense,

the verb 5bixb
stress ison the negative particle He in the masculine, neuter, and plural forms.
51 jiasHO He 6biJi y mix.

^ aaBHO He 6biJia y hhx.

Mbi AaBHO He 6biJiH y hhx.
The verb aaSwxb (perf.) has fixed stress in the past tense forms.
3aObIJl 06 3TOM.
M 3a6bijia o6 3tom.
Mbl 3a6bIJlH o6 3TOM.

Mm u Hciiuu jKUGomHbie uiecmbdecAm nnnib 65

 2-31 ripoBepbTe ceoA. npoMHTapixe ecjiyx (aloud). OGpaxHTe BHHMaHHe Ha yAapCHHH.

1. MapK HHMero He noHJi.i, a KaxH Bce

2. MapK njioxo cna.x noMbio, a Kaxa xopomo .

3. MapK po^H-xcH B CIUA, a KaxH b Pocchh.

4. MapK Bbipoc B HbK)-H6pKe, a KaxH e MocKse.

5. MapK HHMero ne 3Haji. a KaxH Bce .

6. MapK He nepeBeji 3xh npeaJiOTKimifi, a KaxH .

7. MapK He obi.i b onGjiHoxeKe ceroOTH, a KaxH .

8. MapK ycxaji, a Kaxa ne .

9. MapK Bcxaji b ceMb MacoB, a KaxH b mecxb.

10. MapK yi^naji 15 MHnyx, a Kaxa nojiMaca.

11. MapK He CMor BcxpexHXb mqhA, a Kaxa .

12. MapK niLi mojioko, a Kaxa Haii.

13. MapK He ne.i b xope, a KaxH .

KyjiLxypA

ll>ieHa, KOTopbie 3HaioT ece pyccKiie: Ahhu Angpeeona Ax.iidnioGa (1889-1966)

Bbi 6ynexe HMxaxb aBxo6Morpa4)HK) 3HaMeHMxoro pyccKoro

no3xa nBanuaxoro BCKa Akhh An/jpeeEHbi AxMaxoBOH.

A, 2-32 riepefl HxeHMeivi. nonyMaiixe. Bbi 6yjiexe Mwxaxb aBxo6Morpa(i)MK). KaKwe 4)aKXbi
Moryx B Heii 6bixb?

2-33 HxcHiie ;i.i5i iiHcfjopMamiH. HaHnnxe oxbcxu na cneflyromwe Bonpdcbi. OxBexbxe na

Bonpdcbi BCjiyx.

1. Koriia H rue AxNiaxoBa ponMnacb?

2. KcM 6bi.x ee oxeu?
3. TjXQ ohm ;*:mjim?

66 uiecmbdecAm luecmb Fjiaed 2

fl poflnnacb 23 niOHfl 1889 rofla 'nofl OfleccoM. Mom otbu, dKOJioOneccM
6bm B TO BpeMfl •OTCTaBHoPi HH>KeHep-MexaHi/iK 'dpnoja. Ha ncHCMw; Nav>'
Korfla MHe 6bm rofl, Mbi nepeexann Ha ceBep — b
' UapcKoe Ceno TaM . h npo^Kn/ia flo LuecTHafluarn Jiei. ropon HejiajieKo ot CaHKT-neTep6ypra

4. KaK OHa yMHJiacb qMTaTb?

5. KaK OHa BbiyMMna 4)paHuy3CKMii 5i3biK?
6. CKonbKO en 6biiio nex, Koraa ona nanHcajia CBoe nepeoe cxMxoTBOpeHMe?

Murajb fl yHMnacb no •a36yKe flbBa Tojicroro. B nnib ner, primer

cnymafl, KaK yMMiejibHULia 3aHMMajiacb co CTapujuMn
fleibMM, fl TOMe Hanana roBopwib no-cjDpaHuyacKn.
riepBoe •CTMxoTBopeHne a Hanncana, Korfla MHe 6bmo poem
oflMHHafluaib nei. •Ctmxm HaManwcb f\nn Meno ne c poetry
riyiiJKMHa M JlepMOHTOBa, a c flep>KaBHHa m HeKpacoBa.
3tm BeiMn 3Hajia 'HansycTb moa Maivia. hy heart

7. Tm AxMaxoea yMHJiacb?
8. RoMeMy ona OKOHMMjia rMMHasmo b Kmcbc?
9. B KaKOM rony ona OKOHHMna ruMHasMio?
10. Kyxia OHa nocxyniiJia nocjie OKOHnaHMH rMMHa3MM?

YHMfiacb UapcKOce jibCKoPi >KeHCKoPi •ruMHasmi.

fl B uiKOJia

CnaMa/ia n/idxo, noxoM ropasflo nyMuie, ho Bcerfla

•neoxoxHO. B 1905 rofly mom poflMxeriM •paccxariMCb, m 6e3 MHxepeca; pasBCHMCb
MaMa c flexbMM yexa/ia na lor. llocjieflHMM Knacc
•npoxoAM/ia KMeBe,
B b (DynflyKjieeBCKOM rMMnasMM, ymijiacb
KOTopyKD M OKOHMMJia B 1907 TOfly. fl nocxynMjia na
lOpMflMMeCKMM CfDaKyjlbXeT •BbiCLUMX >KeHCKMX KypcoB B higher
KMeBe.

11. Mxo npoM30iiiJid B 1910 rofly?

12. Korna pomncn ee cbih?
13. CKonbKo flexeii y Hee Suno?

B 1910 rofly fl Bbiiujia 3aMy>K sa 'H. C. TyMMneBa, m mw pyccKWM no3T

noexajiM na Mecflu b napM>K. B 1912 rofly Bbiiuen mom
nepBbiM 'CdopHMK cxmxob — Beuep. flepBoro 0KXfl6pfl collection
POAMDCFI mom eflMHCXBeHHbIM CblH fleB.

Mbl U HdlUU jKUGOntHbie luecmbdecdm ccMb 67

14. Hie OHa paGdxana ndcjie peBonroJUMM?
15. MeM OHa MHTepecoBanacb?

riocne OKTFiSpbCKOM peeoriKDunn h paOoia/ia b 6M6jinoTeKe

ArpoHOMM MecKoro nHCTHTyia. B 1921 rofly Bbiiuen
C66pHMK MOMX CTMXOB -UodopODICHUK, B 1922 TOfly
— the name of a plant "plantain
KHMra Anno Domini. C cepeflMHbi 20-x roflOB h Hanana c
6onbiiJMM nHTepecoM aaHUMaibCH apxnieKiypoM ciaporo
neiepSypra n nayMeHneM >km3hm m 'TBopMecTBa riyLUKHHa. works

16. OHa yKMni. bo BpeMA OxeMecTBeHHOM bomhu?

Yjxt

17. Snaexe jtm bm KaKyio BOMny b Poccmm nasbiBaiox OxenecxBeHHOM?

•OieMecTBeHHafl BOMHa 1941 •sacra/ia MeHfl e JleHUHrpafle. Patriotic war; found

y>Ke 80 epeMH 6noKaflbi h Bb'mexena Ha caMoneie b MocKey,
a oxxyfla — b TaiuKeHT. B rnoHe 1 944 rofla h sepHyjiacb b
fleHMHrpafl. B nocneBoeHHbie roflbi n MHoro nepeBoja.Mna.
nepeB0>Ky m ceMMac. B 1 962 rofly h aaKOHMUJia UoiMy 6e3
aepoji, KoxopyHD h ni/icana flBafluaib flBa rofla. f\ He
•nepeciaBana nucaib cxuxm. R CMaciJiuBa, mxo >KMna b 3tm stop
roflbi M BMfle/ia •co6biTMfl, KOxopbiM He 6bmo •paBHbix. events; equal

Koedd? B kukom eody?

Ona poflMJiacb b xbica^a flCBflXbcox copoK BxopoM roAy.

She was horn in 1942.

KHMra Bbimna b hkShc xbicflna aeBsixbcox copoK exopdro rdaa.

The hook came out (was puhlished) in June (of) 1942.
Ee CbiH poflMJicfl nepBoro OKxadpn.
Her son was horn (on) the first of Octoher.

Ee nepBoro OKxaSpH xbicana AeBsixbcdx cdpoK Bxopdro rdaa.

cbiH pomincfl
Her son was horn (on) Octoher the first 1942.
• Use the prepositional case of an ordinal number and the special prepositional form roay
only to indicate the year in which something happened (B KaKOM roj;y?).
• Use the prepositional case of the name of a month to indicate the month in which something
happened (B KaKOM iviecHue?).
• To indicate the month and year in which something happened, use the prepositional case
of the name of the month, but the genitive case of the ordinal number and year
• To indicate the precise date, use the genitive case of the ordinal number indicating the
day, the genitive case of name of the month, and the genitive case of the ordinal number
and year

If you need to review the forms of ordinal numerals, see Appendix p. 353.

68 uiecmbdecHtn eoceMb Fjiaed 2

2-34 B KaKOM ro^y? HpoMMTaMTe BCJiyx.

1. AHHa AxMaxoea pommacb 23 mkdha 1889 rdfla.

2. B 1905 roay OHa yexajia m
nexepSypra Ha lor.
3. B 1907 rofly oHa OKOHMMna rmviHasMK).
4. B 1910 rofly OHa Bbiuina 3aMy:«;.
5. B 1912 rofly y Hee pOflMJica CbiH.
6. B 1941 roay BOMHa sacxana ee b JleHMHrpaae.
7. B MK5He 1944 ro^a ona BepHynacb b JTeHMHrpaa.
8. B 1962 rojxy oHa saKOHHMJia nMcaxb «no3My 5e3 rep6a».

2-35 Ilocjie HTCHMH. B naTM-iiiecTM npefliio:aceHM5ix (sentences) paccKa^cMxe mhm HanHuiHxe, hxo
Bbi ysHanM o6 AxMaxoBOM.

2-36 CTMxoTBopeHMe. IlpoHHxaHxe h Bbiy^Mxe nansycxb.

Oh xpn eeiMn Ha •ceeie:

jik)6m;i world
3a •eeMepHeui nenbe, 6enbix •naenMHoe vespers; peacocks
M 'Cxepibie Kapibi AMepi/iKn. old, worn out
He nK)6Mn, Korfla 'njiaMyi flexn, to cry
He jihdGmji nan c •Mani^HoPi raspberries (here: raspberry jam)
>KeHCKOM ncxepuKM.
1/1

...Ah 6bma ero >KeH6Pi.

1910

OB30PHbIE 3AAAHHj!

CxpyKxypa npefljio«eHii«

2-37 «fl He 3Haio...» OxBexbxe Ha Bonpocbi.

06pa3itbi: — Yjxt on/a yquxcH? — ^ He 3Haio, rjie on/a yHMTC».

— OH/a yMMXCfl? — ^ He 3Haio, yHMTCH JIM on/a.

1. Kxo erd poAMxejiM? 5. YjxtOHa :»cMBex?

2. Erd Maxb lopncx? 6. y HHx y:»ce 5bma CBaflbSa?
3. Ohm flaBHO pasBenwcb? 7. Cbexa CMacxnMBa?
4. Hiina CHMMaex KBapxMpy? 8. y HHX eCXb HOBOCXM?

Mbi u ndiuu MUGomHbie mecntbdecAm deoAmb 69

2-38 M3 ;iByx npefljiojKeHMM caejiaiixe ojiHo. YnoTpeSHTe cjiobo KO/wopwM.

06pa3eif: — Fje xnByT Bamn ;3py3b5T? Bbi o hhx roBopii.in. ^

— r^e iKHByj eaiuH jpy3bfl, o Koxopbix Bbi roeopii.iH?

1. Fne >KMByT npy3bH?

Baiiiii Ohh HenasHO noxeHiLincb.
2. Hie ^MByx apyibil
BaiiiM Bti k hhm snepa xoah-ih.
3. rae TKMByj BaiUM npy3bH? Bbi 6biJiM y hmx b cy66dTy.
4. Fne :»cMByT BauiM wpyibil Bbi rax ndsnHO BepHy.iiicb ox hhx.

PairoBop

2-39 CocxaoMM unajidrM. Banaiixe cueayiomiie Bonpdcbi ii oxBexbxe Ha hmx.

Cnpocume dpyea Omeembtne dpyey

1. if he/she lives in a dorm that you rent an apartment
2. where his/her parents live that they live in another state
3. if he/she wants to live with parents that you like to be independent
4. where he/she went on Saturday that you went to a wedding
5. who got married an old school friend of yours
6. what's new your sister will have a baby
7. why he/she is so happy because you are getting married
8. why he/she is so nervous because you have an exam tomorrow
9. why he/she is so angry because you lost your wallet
10 why he/she is so tired because you played tennis all day
11 why he/she is so upset because you can't find a nice apartment

2- 40 Hxo Bbi cKa>Kexe b xaKOH CHxyauHH? JJaflxe KaK m6:»cho 66-ibme oxbcxob.

1. Bauj jpyr cKasa.i. qxo npiiejex BenepoM, 3. Bbi noxepH.iii BajKHoe nncbMO.
ho He npiiexa.i ii He hosbohili. 4. Bbi Becb ncHb iirpa,in b xckhhc.
2. y Bac ceroAHH xpy^iHbiH 3K3aMeH. 5. Bbi bh^CjIH npcKpacHbift (J)HjibM.

2-41 Box xaKasi iirpa. Pasbirpailxe.

1 . Bbi jion»;Hbi noKa3axb cbom 3MduMM nanxoMMMoii, a Apyrne cxynenxbi aohxhu yraaaxb,
Mxo Bbi noKa3biBaexe.
(Bbi paccxpdeHbi. Bbi CMacxnuBbi. Bbi ncnyraHbi. Bbi b Bocxdpre. Bbi HepBHMqaexe. Bbi
cepnitxbi. Bbi B oxMaflHiiH. BaM CKyMHO.)
2. Give each other a card or piece of paper naming an emotion. Then walk around the class
explaining to each other why you feel that way. Act emotional.

70 ceMbdecRin Fjiaod 2
2-42 BoT TaKaH CMxyauMH. npMroTOBbTe jxomsl. Bot aHKCTbi cxyaeHTOB pyccKoii m
rpynnbi. C kcm M3 hmx bbi xotmtc :iKMTb BMecxe b o5me:»CMTMM (6biTb coce^oM no KOMHaxe)?

1. HanmuMTe KopoxKyio 6Morpa(|)MK) iroro qejioBCKa (tac OH/a ynnxca, rjxe on/i ^kmbcx etc.).

Bbi M6:«^exe pemnxb, hcm OH/a MHxepecyexca.

2. IlpeflcxaBbxe erd/ee apyrMM cxyACHxaivi b BauieM Kjiacce.

OaMHAnq BjiarHX

l/lMq nexp 2.

Bo3pacT 20 JieT
Mm$) Ojibra
MecTO po>KAeHH9 Hoboch6hpck
BospacT 27 jiex
HaUMOHaAbHOCTb pyccKHH
MecTo poxAeHnq__Oaecca_
MecTO xMieAbCTBa MocKsa
HaqnoHaAbHocTb ^pyccKaH
MecTO yHe6bi ToproBbiH hhcthtvt
MecTo ^KMTCAbCTBa
CaHKTjIexep6ynr_

y^^^b, CaMKiJleiep^yM^
OaKyAbieT kommcpmcckhh
XHHBegCHXeT-
CneunaAbHocTb 6H3HecMeH
OaKyAbTCT 5H0J10i:^qeCKHH_

CnequaAbHocTb Gnojior

Bo3pacT 23_r6m
poxAeH..^MocKBa_
MecTO
_eBgeHKa
HaunoHaAbHocTb
MockbL
MecTO ..TeAbCTsa

yMe6b,
MocKOBCKaa,
MecTO

KOHcepBaiQPHa-

OaKyAbieT bokIo —
Cneu.aAbHOCTb omsm^^^^^

Mm u ndiuu MuedrnHbie ceMbdecHtn oduH 71

 J.

4. CDaMHAnsi Byp

MmSI MaKCHM
BoapacT llJOD^
BoapacT 29 jict
MecTO poxAeH..3QpoHe2K.
MecTo poxAeHna Bo.irorpaj
Hau^^onaAbHOCTb m^m^
HaunoHaAbHOCTb HCMeu
MecTO xMTeAbCTBaMQCKBa,
MecTo xnreAbCTBa MocKBa MocKOBCKHft,
MecTO yMe6bi

MecTo yHe6bi MejuuHHCKufl

yHHBepciiieT_
yHUBepCHTCT ^HaQaQnWecKHH
cDa^yAbTex
OaKyAbieT XHpyprHMecKHH (acnHpaHT)

CneunaAbHocTb xiipyp r

iM/iAH5i nepeBep3eB

MmS) KOHCTaHTHH

BoapacT 18 jict

MecTO poxAeHMsi_Tyina

HaUHOHaAbHOCTb pyccKHH

MecTO xnreAbCTBa CaHKT-nerepoyp r

MecTo yHe6bi TexHonorHMecKufi

HHCTHTyT

CDaKyAbTei HH^jopNiaTHKa

CneunaAbHOCTb nporpaMMitcT

Eiaed

72 ceMbdecfim dea
 IlHCb.MO

2-43 HanHiueM Bce Bviecxe. Bbi niiiueTe cxarbK) o CTyneHrax m3 Poccmm, Koxopue npnexajiw b
sam yHMBepCMxex yMHXbca. Mxo bm o hmx HanMUiexe?

2-44 O ce6e. Ohmh Bam jpyr nonaex saflB.ieHMe na nexHioio nporpaMMy b Poccmm. IIoMorMxe
CMy/eii Hanncaxb aBxo6jiorpa(J)iiio.

HxcHHe

2-45 IIiicbMO B raBCTv. npoMMxaiixe cieayiomee nwcbMO b peaaKUMK) rasexbi «Il3BecxMa» ox 8-ro
mrShs 1993 roaa ii oxBexbxe na Bonpdcbi.

1. O KOM MsaHHHKOBa nMuiex: 2. CKdibKO ccMbe nexeii?

B
a. o CBoefi ccMbe: 3. Hxo cjiyMMjTocb c MX MaxepbK)?
6. o ceMbe ceoero cbma; 4. noMCMy MBaHHMKOBa nwuiex nwcbMO b rasexy?
B. o ccMbe CBoerd coceaa?

TAKME CEMbll — PE;iKOCTb

H BbipacxMJia flecjixb nexeii, ho nHiiiy He o ce6e. Co mhoh
pflflOM TKKBeT Mo.ionafl ceMbfl. CcMbfl Heo6biMHafl. xaKiie e Hame
epeMfl— penKocxb. Una rdaa nasaj rnasa ce.MbH ocxiicfl
•BflOBUOM — 'nornd-ia aExoaeapmi. Ha pyKax — mecxepo
yfcena e widower: perished, died
nexcH. cxapiiieMy 14 .lex, a Mnafliueviy 6 MecHues.
Mbi •ropeea.iH bccm •cenoM. Ho :«M3Hb npoflojixaexca. m rope-grief; village

Mepe3 HCKOxopoe epcMa oh npiiBe.i e ;iom :KeHmMHy, y nee HBoe

flexeii. Koxdpbix ycbiHoenna h3 'poxidMa. maternity home
Tenepb :*CMByx see BNiecxe. zipy>KH0. He nepecxaemb
ynHB.iaxbCH, CKd.ibKO :Ke xenna y xoft jKeHiuiiHbi. Ho sezib ne
xd.ibKO •ayxoBHoe doraxcxBO Hy:»CHO. ecxb eme m MaxepManbHasi spiritual

cxopona. Hchchk) na aexen ohm nojiynaiox 30 xucsm. •3apa5oxoK salary

oxua — 15-20 xbicflM. dd.ibiue y Hac e ce.xe hc nnaxax.

Xoxe.iocb. qxddbi .iKjaM noMor.iM xofi ce.Mbe * kxo semaMM. kxo some with. . . some w ith
jeHbraMM. •DiHaMiiib — m nepe:«^MByx xpyanoe speMfl. lo and behold
Box KpacHoapcKHM Kpafi. EpNiaKdBCKMM pandH.
anpec: 662820
ce.id HoBo-03epHoe. Kapcaxdaesa JlioflMM.ia BacM.ibCBHa.
MBaHHMKOBa.
c. HdBO-03epHoe

KpacHosipcKMM Kpafi

2-46 nouyMaiiTe. ^xo .lyqiue, Kor^a b ccMbe MHoro aexen mjim xdubKO oamh pedenoK?

Mbi u Hdiuu jKUGontHbie ceMbdecxm mpu 73

CJlOBAPb
Bbl flOn^Hfal 3HaTb 3TM CJlOBa.

H\ieHa cymecTBHTCJibHbie (Nouns)

6a6yiiiKa grandmother
6paT {nom. pi. SpaxbH) brother
flBoropoflHbiii Spax male cousin
BHyK grandson
BHyMKa granddaughter
BospacT age
BOCTOpr delight
SbiTb B BOCTopre to he delighted
flCBOMKa little girl

fleayiiiKa grandfather
flOMb (gen. fldqepM) daughter
npyr/noflpyra no uiKone schoolmate
ama uncle
groom
JKMBOTHOe animal, pet
SCMJIH earth, ground, land
flO 3eM/IH to the ground
3MeH snake
MCCJieflOBaHMe research, study
KaHapeiiKa canary
kotchIoIk kitten
KOLUKa cat
KpdnWK rabbit
Jiana paw
jiduiaflb (f.) horse
MaJlbMMK little hoy
Maxb igenJnom. pi. viaxepM) (waMa) mother (mom)
MCCXO place
Mopaa animal' s face
HaUHOHaJlbHOCXb (f.) ethnic origin
HCBCCXa bride
o6me;HKMXMe dormitory
OKOHMaHne (uiKOJibi. yHMBepcMxexa) graduation
ox|e|u (nana) father (dad)
oxMaanne desperation
6bIXb B OXMaHHMM to be desperate
nUeMHHHMK nephew
nneMHHHMua niece
nonyraw parrot
nopnalolK order
B xaKOM nopaaKe this way (in this order)

pbi6Ka small fish

CBajib6a wedding
CeMbH family
cecxpa sister

flBOKjponHaa cecxpa female cousin

74 ceMbdecMtn nenwipe rjiaod 2

 )

coSaKa dog
CTpaHa country
CblH (nom. pi. CblHOBbH) son
aunt
yqeHfaiM scholar, scientist
XBOCT tail

XOMHK hamster
Mepenaxa turtle

IHChIoIk ipl. mCHKH) puppy

Fjiarojibi (Verbs)

SoHTbCfl + Koro/qero? to he afraid of

BOcnMTbiBaTb/BOcnMxaTb + Koro? to bring up, raise
BblXOflHTb/BblMTM liuyTK + 3a Koro? to get married (for a woman)
:«:eHHTbCH + Ha kom? (perf. only) to get married (for a man
>KeHHTbCH/no^eHHTbca to get married (for a couple)
SaKaHMMBaTb/saKOHMMTb + MTO? to finish

saHMMaxbCJi + qcM? to study, do your homework

3axoflMTb/3aiiTM + K KOMy? Kyjia? to stop in on
jiaflTb/3ajiaflTb + Ha Koro? to bark
HaXOflMTb/naMTM + mto? to find

HenaBMiieTb + Koro/MTO? to hate

HepBHHMaxb + H3-3a Mero? to be nervous
nonyMaxb/nojiyMMTb + mto ot Kord? to receive

npHe3»:aTb/npMexaTb to arrive
pa3BOflMTbCfl/pa3BeCTMCb + C KCM? to get divorced
CHMMaXb/CHHTb + MTO? to rent, to take off
yMMpaxb/yMepexb + ox nero? to die

ycxasaxb/ycxaxb + ox Mero? to become tired, to tire

HMCHa npHjiararejibMbie (Adjectives)

GepeMCHHaa pregnant
Ona SepeMCHHa. She is pregnant,
flJlMHHblM long
ziOBdjieH/flOBOJTbHa satisfied

flpyroH another, different

Mcnyran/a scared, frightened
noxdWa + Ha Kord/na mxo? to look like

paccxpden/a to be upset
cepjiMx/a angry
CMcmndM funny
CMaCXJ7MB/a happy

Mbi u udiuu MUGomHbie ceMbdecHtn nnmb 75

Hapemifl (Adverbs)

rpOMKO loudly
na:5Ke even
oTne.nbHO separately, apart
CaMOCTOflTe.lbHO independently
CKOpO soon
CKyqHO+ KONiy? bored

Bbipa>KeHH>i BpeMCHH <Time expressions)

B BblXO^Hbie JHII on weekends, days off

ao Toro KaK before
noKa He until

ndcjie Tord KaK after

TO.lbKO MTO just

Pa3Hoe (Various)

d6a/d6e f+ gen. sing.) both

d6a MajibMiiKa both boys
d6e neeoMKn both girls

Bbipa^KeHHH (Expressions)

SeCTH X03HHCTB0 to do the housew ork

ae.lO He B 3TOM that's not the point
Kto xaKdii Who is ....

Ha ... (rdna/.ier) MO.id»:e/Mnaaiiie/cTapme years younger/older

nepexojHTb/nepeMTit na hobv k) paSdry to get a new job, to take a new job
npuxoariTb/npiiMTH a rdnoBN to think of
ciuerb adMa to stay at home
cnacu6o 3a + mto? thanks for
y (Kord) dyaex peSenoK. Someone's going to have a baby.

76 ceMbdecHtn iiiecuib r.iaed 2

 nOHEAEAbHMK AEHb TJIXEAbli;^

^ flablK B >KI13H11

MapK M3BMH5ieTCfl
BcTpeTMMCfl ndcne HCTbipex
MiBMHMxe, MTO onosflaji/a
Ha HCM TBI Mrpaeiiib?
Ms AHeBHMKa MapKa

# foBopiiTe npaekiJibHo!

PoflMTenbHbiM na.jx67K

BpeMa no MacaM (1)

BMHMTenbHbiM nafle}«
Fjiardji: ynoTpeSneHwe bmaob b npomefluieM bpcmchm (1)

Kyjibiypa
M3 poccMMCKoro npdm.noro
MMeHa, KOTopbie SHawx Bce pyccKHe: (P. H. Tionmee

0636pHbie saAaHiin
CxpyKxypa npeano^KeHMfl
PairoBop
IlMCbMO
MxcHwe

ceMbdecHtn ceMb 77
asbiK B :*:h3hh

M apK M3BllHHeTCJI
— ripocTMTe, MTO BMcpa HC npHLuen.
— Mto npoM30iiind?
— ^TO cnyMMJiocb?
nOMCMy He n03B0HMn?
TbI
—^ ndcne
3ae3)Kaji a noxoM sbohmh okoho ccmm
uiecTw,
— Hac He 6bmo.
yyKQ
— Ho MCM Sbino
B fleno?
— JXeno TOM, MTO y Mena MamwHa cjioManacb
B
M 3B0HMII aBTOKJiyS.
51 B
— qjo TaKoe «aBT0Kiiy5»?
— rio-pyccKM rOBOpHT «aBT0CepBMC». «ABTocepBHc-K.y6a»:2t8
88-52.
— Hy, ^to
naflHO. co6MpaembCfl Tbi BCMepoM? jienaTb «ApryMeHTi.i n
{f,aKTw»
— XoTMTC, BaMM Maca qepes nonTopa.
a 3aejiy 3a anpenM994roiia
•

— SnaqMT, MaiuMHy y«;e no^HHHJiH?

riOMHHHJIH.

Note how approximate time is expressed in Russian.

Mepe3 nojiTopa naca Haca Hepe3 nojixopa

in an hour and a half in about an hour and a half

flo xpex qacoB MacoB flo xpex

until three o'clock until about three o'clock
B Mcxbipe Maca Haca B Hcxbipe
at four o'clock around four o'clock

3-1 HHbiMii cjiOBaMif. OStHCHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. npocTMTe. 4. Mto Tbi coSMpaeiiibcsmenaTb?

2. Hto cnyMMnocb? 5. H 3aejiy qaca Mepe3 nojiTopa.
3. MaiuMHa cnoManacb. 6. MauiMHy noMHHHjiH.

3-2 Mxo Bbi cKa>Kexe? jUanxe KaK mojkho Gojibme otbctob.

1. Bam Jipyr yKjxsin Bac. a Bbi ne Momn npniiTM. M3BMHMTecb.

2. Bama noflpyra A0.n>KHa 6biJia npMMTM. ho ne npnuiiia. Hto bu cKa:«;eTe, Korzia ee yBMflWTe?
3. BaiuM flpy3ba roBopHT: «B hcm aejio? HoMeMy Tbi ne npMmeji/npMiiiiia?» Mto bu OTeeTMxe?

3-3 20 BonpocoB. You're late for a meeting. Write the reason on a piece of paper. Let your class-
mates ask you why you were late. Use only questions without question words.

78 ceMbdecnm edccMb Fjiaed 3

BcTpeTiiMCH noc.ie Hexbipex
— coGiipaerecb GacceiiH saexpa yrpoM?
PeSflTa. Bbi b
— Her. BocKpeceHbe xoiKy uepKOBb.
B si b
—A y poaMxeneM.
a 6yfly
— Bceraa no BbixoaHUM
Tbi k esaiiiub poaiiTejisiM?
— A no BOCKpeceHbsiM
a jo naca. cn.iio
—^ 3aHMMaTbCfl nacoB ao XByx.
6yziy
— Ay xpex TpeniipoBKa.
NieHfl flo
— Hy MTO. Md«:eT co6epeMCfl qaca Mexbipe?
6biTb. b
— Jlaano. aasaHxe okoxo qexbipex BcxpexMMca y 5acceHHa.
3-4 IlHbiMii c.iOBa.Mii. 06i.flCHnxe no-pyccKii.

1. Bbi coOiipaexecb B 5accenH? 4. MacoB ao xpex 6yny saHiiMaxbCJi.

2. ^ 6yay y poanxexen. 5. Ilobbixoxhum a es^Kv k poxiixexsiM.
3. rio BOCKpeceHbflM a xoiKy b uepKOBb. 6. BcxpexMMca y 6acceiiHa.

3-5 noroBopiiM o ce6e. Cnpociixe apyr apyra. Mxo bu o6biqHO aeaaexe no BbixoanuM anjiM?

MsBiiHHTe, Hxo ono3aaa/a

— MsBiiHHxe. HXO ono3aaa/a.
— mxo mu co6iipaeMCfl?
Tbi 3a5bia/a.
— Mbi He y:>nQ npiiaeiub an
3Haaii. xbi.
—y oxcxarox?
xeSsi Macbi
— Mbi iKacM aBa noaoBHHoii
xe6fl y:»ce c naca.
—y MCHsi qacbi ocxaHOBiixiicb.
— Mbi Haqaxn BOXHOBaxbcsi.
y;*:e
— Hy aaano.
— Xeaxiix. xBaraTb/xBaTiiTb - to be enough
— Hxo aeaaxb!
— Himerd cxpaiuHoro.
— BbiBaex.
— AaBaiixe saHHMaxbca.

Hacbi iiayx, Ecaii qacbi ne cneuiax ri.iii ne oxcxaidx. ohii iiayx xomho.
Ecaii Macbi ne iiayx. 3HaHJiT ohii ocxaHOBH.iiicb. CerdaHH Mbi oSumho
HOCHM 3aeKxpdHHbie h.ih KBapueBbie qacbi. ho Koraa-xo hociLih nacbi.
Koxdpbie HViKHo 6bi.no 3aBo;iHTb KaiKabiii aenb.

rioHedejibHUK deub mn'jK'e.'ibiu ceMbdecsim deenmb 79

3-6 KaK CKasaxb no-pyccKM. JXanTQ pyccKwe aKBMBaneHTbi.

1. Fm sorry I'm late. 5. My watch is slow.

2. My watch has stopped. 6. We waited for one and a half hours.
3. We've been waiting for you. 7. How long did you wait for them?
4. I started to worry. 8. It's O.K.

3-7 Box TaKan CMTvauMH. Pa3birpaMTe. Bbi yKRamm jipyra flBa naca. HaKoneu, on/a
npMexa.n/a. KaKoii MOyKex Sbixb pasroBop?

Ha HCM TBI Mrpaeuib?

— 51 yjKacHO sanax/saHHTa.
cerdflHJi
— y xe5a onaxb penexMUMH?
— Mbi penexMpyevi KiyKRhm aeuh nByx no naxM. c
— Ha MCM Hipaeuib? xbi
— Ha caKCo4)dHe.
— Ah paHbuie Ha poane. ho
iirpaji/a 5pdcMii/a.
— aexcxBe xaHueBa.x/a Sanexe.
51 B b
— A Korna-xo 51 xope. nen/a. b
— Ah pa3 Mtpan/a MysbiKajibHOM cncKxaKne.
oflMH b
y BaC CKOpO KOHuepx?
—^ oGtHB-xeHMe. mxo bu Bbicxynaexe naxHHuy.
BMae.x/a b
— Ha Henene xpn KOHuepxa
3xoii nonpafl.
— B naxHHuy, cy666xy m BOCKpecenbe.
b b

Gbicmyndntbl ebi cmynunib

n
1 to perform
B cy66dxy 5yaex Bbicxynaxb yHMBepcMxexcKMii xop.
2. to give a paper (at a conference)
yMCHblM BbtcXynMJl Ha K0H(|3epeHUMM.
3. to speak out for or against something
Mbi BbicxynacM npdxMB axoii Mflew.
4. to give a speech
npeiMflCHx BbicxynMjt c penbio o dion^cexe.

riepeBenHxe 3xm npeano^ceHMa na aHrjuiMCKMii H3biK.

3-8 Onpdc. Working in groups of three or four, answer the following questions. Then
compare each other's answers.

1. KaKyio MysbiKy Bbi jiK56Mxe cnyuiaxb?

KJiaccMMecKaa - Hapdanaa - fl»:a3 - poK - xHJKenbul poK
2. Bbi .XK55iixe xanueBaxb? KaKwe xanubi Bbi xaHuyexe?
3. Bbi nrpaexe na KaKOM-Hiidyab My3biKaiibHOM HHCxpyMenxe?
4. B nexcxBe bw nenw b xdpe?
5. Bbi GpdcMJiM nexb/xanueBaxb mhm eme npojioji:»caexe?

80 GdccMbdecsim Fjiaed 3
3-9 niicb.vio B raBery. OScyjiMTe b KJiacce. ^to bbi nocoeexyeTe 3tom aesoqKe?
HanHUJHTe oxBex.

Mhb 12 Jier. C 5 /ler n nrpaio na poH/ie. PaHbiue wHe 3to Hpaen/iocb, a

cePiMac nafloeno n a xony Spocnib. Ho poflnre/in He paapeiuaiOT n
roBopHT, MTO. Korfla fl BwpacTy, r 6yfly hm 6;iaroflapHa. Y MeHH xopomuM
HO fl He xoHy 6b)Tb MyawKaHTOM. floMeMy a AOJi>KHa saHUMaxbCfl
cjiyx,
MyauKOii, ec/in fl ne xony?
:^eHa B.
Taeaupoe

M3 nHeBHiiKa MapKa
MapK BCflex cbom flHCBHMK no-pyccKM. MdiJKex Sbixb, saM xd:jKe cxomx 3xo nonp66oBaxb?

15 0KXfl6pH, noHeaejibHHK, ndnHOMb Ohm npMexariM xdnbKO qepei

no.iqaca. m a na qac onosaaji na
CerdaHfl 6bin y^acHbiM acHb.Bqepa
paddxy. Ho^TOMy vine npMuindcb
H no nsyx Macde homh rojOBMnca k
paddxaxb no uiecxM, a ne ao naxpi,
KOHTpdJibHoil yxpoM SI npocnaji,
KaK odbiqno. BeqepoM Mbi c Kaxen
noTOMy qxo He saeeji dyjiMJibHMK.
co6npanncb b Kwnd, ho h npHCxan b
IlpocHy.iCH ndcjie BOCbMM m aa:»ce
odme:«MXMe xdnbKO b nonoBWHe
He ycne.i npnH«Tb aym. ^yxb He
BocbMdro, M ee y;Ke ne dbino. 3aBxpa
ono3aajT na sanaTMH h 6oK5cb. qxo
paHO Bcxasaxb. Mne c yxpa b
KOHxpdnbHyK) nanMcaji niidxo. IIoxdM
6n6nMOxeKy, nano nwcaxb Kypcosyio
B xpii qaca a ndn^KCH dbLi dbixb na
paddxy. Bee. ^ y:«e sacbinaio. Ilopa
paddxe, ho y mchh c.ioManacb NiaiuMHa
no:^MXbCH cnaxb. KaK roBopax
M npHUIJldCb 3B0HMXb B aBXOKJiyS.
pyccKHC. noneje.ibHHK zienb
TH}Ke>lbIH.

3-10 KaK cKaiaxb no-pyccKM? BcnoMHMxe, KaK MapK nanHcaji b aHCBHHKe.

1. I went to bed at 2 in the morning. 6. I overslept.

2. I was almost late for class. 7. I had no time to take a shower.

3. My car broke down. 8. I had work till 6 o'clock.

to

4. We were going to see a movie. 9. I have to do a term paper.

5. It's bed time. 10. I have to get up early tomorrow.

3-11 yjKacHbiif acHb. IToqeMy MapK nMiiiex, qxo y Herd 6bm yjKacHbiii ncHb? YxpoM oh
npocnan. Mxo eiue?

TIoHedejibHUK denb mnvKejibiu eoceMbdecHm odun 81

 3-12 MapK II Bbi. Hjo MapK ae.ia.i Bnepa? Hxo 113 3Toro Bbi je.iaexe Ka«;jbifi jeHb?

3-13 Hto Bbi xoTcnii cjenaxb? Hto bu ycnenii cjenaxb?^ Think about last week and say
^^ what you wanted to do but didn't because you didn't have enough time.

Odpaseu: Ha npdm.xoii nene.xe si xoxen/a noiixii b kmho. ho ne ycne.x/a.

^Q-^^^-^wwg cjioea u GbipaTKeuuH

1. cnaxb (cn.iK). cniiuib. cnax: cnan. cna.ia. cna.xii)

51 oObiMHo cn.iK) 8 MacoB B aenb. 51 cna.x/a. KaK y6iixbiri/-aa.

/ usually sleep 8 hours per day. I slept like a log.

2. .iQyKnxbCfl'.xeMb (cnaxb) ^ Bcxasaxb scxaxb

Mbi oauHHaauaxb
-xoyKH.MCJi B 11 Bcxaesi b ceMb.

We go to bed at eleven and get up at seven.

Mbl .IHyKCM B aBCHajUaXb II BCXaHCM B BOCeMb.
We'll go to bed at twelve and get up at eight.

3. 3acbinaxb/3acHyxb * npocbinaxbca npocHyxbca

Mbi 3acHy.iii ndsaHO. a npocHv.xiicb pano.
We fell asleep late and woke up early.

4. oyjHXb^pasoyjnxb (oyjKv. oyjraub)

51 xeofl pa36y*y b no.iOBiiHe cejbMdro.
I'll wake you (up) at 6:30.

5. npocbinaxb npocnaxb - to oversleep (to miss, to sleep through)

Bbi ooHTb npocna.iH ypoK.
You didn't get up in time for your class, again.

6. Bbicbinaxbcay Bb'icnaxbCH - to get enough sleep, to have a good sleep

CeroaHfl MapK cnaji 12 qacoB nojpii. HaKoneu. oh Bb'icna.xcsi.

Mark slept nvelve hours last night. He' s finally gotten a good night's sleep.

3-14 5! npocna.i 'npocna.ia. ynoxpe6uxenoaxoafliuiier.xar6.xbi.

51 OMeHb .iioo.iK) (sleep), ho b vHiiBepciixexe 3. kohcmho. Niano (sleep) 11 cobccm ne (get

enough sleep). OOumho a (go to bed) oko.xo no.xvHomi n (get up) oko.xo ceMii. Bqepa a
OMeHb ycxax a pemu.x/a (go to bed) nopanbuie. IloixoMy a (went to bed) b 10 MacoB 11
11

6bicxpo (fell asleep). .In3a ao.i;*cHa 5bi.xa noiBOHiixb b 7 qacoB 11 (wake me up), ho ona
noqesiy-xo ne no3BOHH.xa. 11 n (woke up) oko.xo aecaxii. Onaxb a (didn't get up in time for)
.xeKuiiK) no acxfXJHOMMii.

^ A perfective verb is always used after ycnerb.

82 QOceMbdecHin dea r.iaad 3

rOBOPHTE nPABHJlbHO!

In Chapter 1 you reviewed the genitive singular forms of nouns (pp. 27-28).

JJuHHbie MecmouMeHUH e podumeAbHOM nadeotce

HMeHHTe.lbHblH KTO MTO TbI OH/OHd OHa Mbl Bbl OHM

PojHXe.lbHblH Kord Herd Niena Te5a erd ee Hac Bac IIX

y nerd y Hee y HMX

He 3a5yabTe!

Third-person pronoun forms are preceded by -h- when they are the object
)bject
I
of a preposition. Do not confuse the third person object pronouns ero, ee 1

and MX with the special modifiers ero, ee and hx, which never change form.

y Hero y ero opaxa

y nee but y ee cecxpbi
y HHX I I y HX OTua

OKOHHttHUH npuAaadmeAbHHx e podumeAbHOM nadejtce

• Adjective modifiers and special modifiers for masculine and neuter nouns have the
genitive singular endings -oro and -ero.

-Oro Bqepa BenepoM Mbi dbi.iH y namero HdBoro npenoaaBaxe.iJi pyccKoro nibiKa.

-ero We visited our new Russian teacher last night.

He aaSyabxe!
^ The stress is on the last syllable in the genitive singular masculine and
neuter forms of the special modifiers oxihh, tot, and eecb/ece.

HvieHHxejibHbiH ohhh tot secb/Bce

Po:iHTe.ibHbiH ojHoro Toro Bcero

TIoHedeAbHUK deuh mHjK'eAbiu GoceMbdecHtn mpu 83

 • Adjective modifiers and special modifiers for feminine nouns have the genitive
singular endings -oil and -eii.

-oil Bqepa BenepoM Kaxa 6biJia y CBoeii Hdeoii noflpyrM.

-eil Katyavisited her new friend last night.

3-15 ITpoBepbTe ce5fl. CKajKuxe. nerd 3necb hct.

06pa3eu: 3tot HOBbiii cmi m 3aecb Hex 3Toro Hoeoro crojia.

Ham npenojaBaxejib MOM HOBbiM npyr XBOH HOBafl nonpyra

MOM MJiaamml 6pax XBOflcxapmaa cecxpa 3xa cxpaHHafl :»ceHmMHa
nemeEHH aBxoMoGiiJib xopdmee ynpaxHCHMe xaKde Sonbmde 3naHMe
xox Mo.iondn MenoBCK Ham addpuii Bpaq

ynomped.ieHue podiimeAbHoeo iiadejtcd 6e3 npedAoeoe

• to show possession
rae MamuHa Mapna? Where is Mark' s car?

• to qualify other nouns

Tbi 3Haemb ee npenoaaBaxe.xji pyccKoro aabiKa? Do you know her Russian professor?
Tbi He BMiieii/a mom ynedHMK pyccKoro HSbiKa? Have you seen my Russian book?
• to indicate size or color
9{ HiiKorna ne enae.x/a MCioBCKa I've never seen a person that tall,

TaKoro BbicoKoro pocra. (lit: of such tall height).

KaKdro usexa siamuHa Mapxa, KpacHoro? What color is Mark' s car, red?

• to indicate absence
CerdflHfl Hex (ne dbino. ne dyaex) ypoKa. There isn't (wasn't, won't be)
any class today.
McHH He dyaex ndMa cerdnna BewepoM. I won't be home tonight.

• to indicate precise dates

Ohm yexanM xpeTbero aerycTa. They left on the third ofAugust.

with the verbs 6oflTbCfl and JKCjiaxb

51 6oK)Cb BoitHbi. I'm afraid of war
>Ke.iaio eaM CMacxbfl. I wish you happiness.

• with words denoting quantity and with numerals other than oaMH (ouna, ouho)
y MeHfl MHoro paOoTbi. / have a lot of work.

You will learn more about using the genitive case with numerals and words denoting
quantity in Chapter 4.

• with the verb xoxexb if its complement is an abstract noun — Miip (peace), noKOif
(jjeace and quiet), cnacxbe (happiness)
M xd.ibKO xoMy noKOJi. / just want peace and quiet.

84 GoceMbdecum nembipe Fjiaed 3

 The accusative case is used after xoTCTb if its complement is a concrete noun.

Bbi xoTifTe KomKy ilih cofiaKV?

^ XOHV HOBblii KOMUblOTep.

You will learn more about using the genitive case

after xoTexb in Chapter 11.

3-16 Koraa y eac acHb poKjeHiia? CKa:*:irre, Koraa

y BaiUHx jpyBeii jeHb poxaeHiiH.

3-17 OpoBepbTe ceosi. OxBeTbTe na sonpocbi.

A. 06pa3eu: Kord cerdaHsi hct Ha 3aHan!5ix? (TaHfl HiiKimiHa) m

CerdjHfl HeT Tani! HifKiiTifHOii.

Cama IlBaHde Mapiina Be.ioBa Bopiic MiixaftnoB

.lioodBb Bopodbesa BacH.iml MepndB nam ajjenoaaBaTcib

Kord cerdjHH hct Ha saHHTHHx y sac b K-iacce?

B. 06pa3eu: Kto 3to? 3to Ham nj>enoaaBaTenb. ((|)if3HKa) m

3to Ham npenoaaBaTe.ib (|)H3iikii.
XHMJifl pyccKHfi si3bJK reorpa4)Hfl Bbicmaii MaxeManiKa
acTpoHdsiHA (})paHuy3CKiiH fliuK KHTaiicKaa nHTeparypa aMepiocaHCKaa HCTdpna

PaccKa«:ifTe. Kaxne yMirrena dbi.iH y sac b cpejuefi mKd.ie. KaKiie rrpenxieTbi ohh npenonaBanii?

ynompeo.ieHue podume.ibHoeo nadeotcd c nped.idecmu

• OT - from
KaTfl no.iy«nLia raicbMO or MaMU. Katya received a letter from her mother.

• 113 - from, out of

Ohi'i TO.lbKO HTO BepHy.lHCb 113 POCCMM. They just got back from Russia.

He 3a6yabT€!

Use Wile with places and ox with people.

Mbi naiyMM.iH tmcbMO ox apyr^ m3 CanKT-IIeTepdypr^

We got a letter from a friend in St. Petersburg.
Ana nojiytfluia noziapoK ox no^jpym c Ypajia.
Aitya got a giftfirom a frietid from the Urals.

51 Bce o Bac 3Haio ox Ba-ieHTHHbi rpMrdpbeBHU.

/ kjujw' everything about you from Valeiitiiui Grigorievna.

eoce.Mhdecftm nnmh 85
 • c - from, off of, since
Bo CKOJibKO Tbi BcpHeiubCH c KOHuepxa? What time will you get back from the concert?
nepeeeflMTe c aHrjiMMCKoro Ha pyccKMii. Translate from English to Russian.
H :acfly reSa c xpex nacoB. I've been waiting for you since 3 o'clock.
Bo3bMM KHMFM CO CTOJia! Take the books off the table!

• y- at, by, at the place/ home of, with; to have

MapK, y tcSh kjiiohm ot mocm MauiMHbi? Mark, do you have my car keys?
Mbi 5biJiM y Apyra. We were at a friend's.
H Syay y ce5fl. I'll be in my room (home, in my office).

51 5yay Te6fl yajxarh y SaccewHa. I'll wait for you by the pool.

• - until, up to, before

flo

Mbi 6yneM jjoMa flo floyx. We'll behome until two (o'clock).
y Hac 5bmM rdcTM co cpejibi flo eocKpeccHbH. We had company from Wednesday to Sunday.

• nocjie - after
Mbi GyacM AOMa nocjie aeyx. We'll be home after two (o'clock).

• 6e3 - without
Mhc 6bmo CKyMHO 5e3 xeSfl. I missed you (I was bored without you).
• OKOJio - near close to; next to; about
Mbi MX :acflaiiM okojio naca. We waited for them for about an hour.
Ohm :«MByT okojio mcha. They live close to me.

• BMCCTO - instead of, in place of

HtO TbI XOHeUlb BMCCTO MOpOJKCHOrO? What would you like instead of ice-cream?

• M3-3a - because of on account of

3to Bce M3-3a xeSa. It's all your fault (on account of you).
Mbi He noiunM na cxaflMOH M3-3a aomai. We didn't go to the stadium because of the rain.

• HJifl - for
whose benefit; for what purpose)
(for
Oh noBTOpMJi Bonpdc ajih MeHfl. He repeated the question for me.
Mne Hy»:HO KynHTb cxon ajih KOivinbiOTepa. I have to buy a desk for my computer

3-18 r^e/y Koro bbi Sbijim? OxKyfla/oT Koro bbi npMuiJiM? 3aAaMTe apyr flpyry Bonpdcbi
M OTBCTbTe Ha HMX.

Odpasifbi: — Tbi 5bin/a b cnopT3ajie?

— JUa, a TOJibKO MTO npMiueji/npMiuna m3 cnopxsajia.
— Tbi Sbin/a y npo4>eccopa HMKOJiaesa?
— j3,a, TOJibKo MTO npMmen/npMuina ot npo({)eccopa HnKOJiacBa.

npaeociaBHafl uepKOBb IleTp CeprecBMM CTapaai ueHerh (mosque)

yHMBepciiTeTCKMii dacceiiH moa cxapmafi cecxpa npocjDeccop Beji03epcKa5i
CMHardra penexMUMJi xdpa aom
KHM^HblM Mara3MH Haxailbfl FlaBJlOBHa HOBblil cJjMHbM

86 QOceMbdecHm uiecmb rjiaod 3

 3-19 Be3 Hero bbi hc MOJKexe ^khtb? 3ajiaMTe 3tot Bonpdc npyr apyry.
Odpaseu: ^ He Mory :«;MTb 6e3 Tejie4>6Ha. A xbi/Bbi?
K0MnbK5Tep uiOKOnafl moh ;ipyr moh ccMbfl KnaccMnecKaa Mysbixa
pOK-MysbiKa pyccKMM H3biK xopomaji paSdxa cnopx moKonaxiHoe Mopd:aceHoe
MOfl coSaKa moh KoiuKa moh MaiuwHa kmho m xeaxp xeneBMSop

A eme?

3-20 y eac Sujim focxm. IlocMoxpHxe Ha Kapxy h CKa:acHxe, hb KaKHx ropo^loB npMe35KaiiM
cxyjieHXbi B Bam yHiiBepcMxex?

4^ POCCMfl
MypMaHCK a
CaHKT-neTep6ypr HoBaR
Jl
b
HoBropofl H
M
Pi
CblKTblBKap*

.MocKBa HepMb
CMBMPb B
•Ka/iyra
O
/To66/ibCK
C /'KaMMaTKa"
•Ope/i •BoJirorpaA / .Tomck Caxa/iMH
^^OCTOB-Ha-flOHy / •H0B0CH6l^pCK O
AcTpaxaHb /•OpeH6ypr K
B/iaflMBOCTOK'
EBPOnA /A3MH
MpKyTCK

He saSyflbxe!
The names of the AcxpaxaHb, KasaHb, and IlepMb d©
cities

I like ^^Bepb-type nouns. Ilepivib is stressed on the endings.

iiilllliiiliiiinH^^ liliiiliiiiniiliM

UoHedejibHUK denb mnTKejibiu GoceMbdecMm ceMb 87

To answer nac? or Ckojibko BpeMeHM?/CK6jibK0 Smjio opeivieHM?
the questions KoTopbiii
time on the full hour is expressed by the nominative case of a cardinal^ number plus Mac in the
appropriate form. One o'clock is expressed by nac without a qualifier.

CeHMac Mac. If s one o'clock.

CeiiMac nea (xpn) naca. If s m'o (three) o'clock.

To answer the questions Kor^a? or Bo CKOJibKO? time on the full hour is expressed by b + the
accusative case of the cardinal number followed by Mac in the appropriate form.

BcTpexMMca e aea hjih b rpii Maca? Should we meet at two (o'clock) or three?

In everyday speech, Russians usually refer to time by the twelve-hour clock. To indicate a.m.
and p.m. use yxpa, ahh, BCMcpa, and homm.

HOMb — nojiyHOMM (12:00

c 4-5 MacoB yrpaa.m.) jxo
yxpo — 4-5 HacoB yrpa nonynHsi (12:00 p.m.)
c jxo

flCHb— nonynHfl no 4-5 nacoB nHa

c
BCMcp — 4-5 MacoB
c ao no-nyHOMM jiHfl

The prepositions flo {up to, before), okojio (about, around), nocjie (after), and c (since, from)
are often used when we speak about time by the clock. Since these prepositions are used with
the genitive case, you should learn to use the genitive forms of the numbers 2-12.

Ceil Mac Mac. CewMac MCTbipe Maca. CeiiMac ceivib MacoB.

^ 5yfly flOMa Maca. 51 Syay flOMa no Mcxbipex (qacds). 9{ Syjiy noMa ccmm (nacdB).
jyo

51 yiifly nocjie Maca. M yuRy nocjie Mcxwpex (qacoB). 51 yiiny nocjieccmm (qacoB).
H npway okojio Maca. 9{ npMfly OKOJIO MCXbipex (qacoB). 51 npMjiy OKOJIO ccmm (qacoB).

Cardinal numbers are one. m-o. three, four. etc. Ordinal numbers are first, second, third, fourth, etc.

88 GoceMbdecnm ooceMb Fjiaad 3

 — —
Expressing from ...to

c Maca (c Macy^) no neyx —

from one o'clock to mo
c neyx flo xpex —
from m-o o'clock to three
c xpex ao nexbipex from three o'clock to four
c Mexbipex (qacoB) no hhxm, uiecxii, ccmm, boclmm, aeBaxii, necflXM, onMHHaauaxM, neeHaauaxM
(qacoB) —
from four o'clock to five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve
c flBeHanuaxii (qacoB) no Maca (^o nacy^) from twelve o'clock to one

3-21 Ckojilko epeivieHM bbi Cujim aanjixbi? YnoTpeSMTe c - do.

3-22 Hxo Bbi BMepa nejiajiM? PaccKaiKMre, Kax bm npoBenii BMepauiHMM hchb (how you
spent yesterday).

1. c 9.00 no 10.00 3. c 12.00 no 1.00 5. c 1.00 no 2.00

2. c 4.00 no 5.00 4. c 8.00 no 10.00 6. c 3.00 no 6.00

3-23 BpcMfl. KaK sbi npoBonMxe cbom ncHb? OxBexbxe Ha Bonpocbi.

1. Koxoporo Maca Bbi SMepa saHMMajiMCb?

JXo
06pa3eu: 51 BMepa 3aHMMancH/3aHHMajiacb no onwHHanuaxM. (10, 9, 12, Mac homm, 2 Maca homm)

2. Korna Bbi ceronHs npMnexe noMoM?

06pa3eu: S{ ceronHsi npMny noMoM xojibKO nocjie ccmh. (5, 6, 8, 9, 11)

3-24 THJKCJibiM ncHb. YsHaMxe. no^cMy y Ahm 5biii xfl:»cenbiM ncHb.

CerdnHfli y (Ahh) oMCHb Mano (BpeM»). B nepBoii nojiOBMHc nna, c (9) no (11), OHa pa6dxaex
B (KacJ)exepMii). Bo Bxopdii nonoBMHe
nHsi, c (2) no (4), ceMMHap no ncMxondrMM. Ddcne (5)

OHa non:«;Ha dbixb y ponMxeneii, noxoMy mxo cerdnnji nenb po:»:neHMS[ (SaOyuiKa). Ox
ponHxeneM en nano noexaxb b (KOMnbidxepHaji jia6opax6pHii), noxoMy mxo 3aBxpa nano
cnasaxb (KypcoBaa pa66xa). JladopaxdpMH oxKpbixa no (12), h ona naneexca, mxo ycneex
HancMaxaxb (bch paSoxa). Ildcne xord KaK ona saBxpa cnacx (KypcoBaa pa66xa), Md:*:Ho
dynex oxnoxnyxb.

3-25 O ce6e. PaccKa^cpixe npyrMM o cbocm (xH:«:ejioM) pacnwcaHMM mjim o cbocm

(xfl:»:eiioM) ccMccxpe. Mcnd.ib3yMxe npenndrM c - no.

^Mac has an alternate genitive form Macy which can be used after prepositions.

IIoHedejibHUK denb mnM'ejibiu QoceMbdecHtn deenmb

^ BHHHTejibHbiH nsijiem

In Chapter you reviewed the accusative case singular forms of raaexa-type nouns, OKHO-type nouns,
1

flBcpb-type nouns, and non-animate cxoji-type nouns (page 26).

• Animate CTOJi-type nouns have the same endings in the accusative singular form that

they have in the genitive singular.

-A H
Kto? CTyflCHT MeaH naB|e|n jUMMTpMM Mropb yqMTejib

Kord? cxyaeHT-a MsaH-a HaBji-a JUMMTpM-a Mrop-fl yMMxen-H

• All raaexa-type nouns, including nouns denoting persons or animals have the
accusative singular ending - y/-io.

-y -K)

Kxo? :»ceHmMH-a My^miH-a MMiu-a HiiH-a Tan-fl Ban-a ain-fi

Koro? >KeHmMH-y My«:qMH-y Mnin-y HMH-y Tan-K) Ban-K) nia-io

Men's first names decline if they fit a cxoji-type declension pattern. Therefore
names like MapK and
J5>KeK decline, but names like JI^hmmm and JXjko do
Women's names decline if they fit a ra3exa-type declension pattern.
first

Therefore, names like AnHa and A>KeccHKa decline, but names like MipM and
JX^ewiH do not.

Kxo? Bd66M H3HCH JH^KeKUHH naxpMUMH ^apn3

Kord? Bd65M H3HCH j3,>KeKJlHH Hai

For more about names see the Appendix, pages 347-348.

90 deGHHOcmo Fjiaed 3
Okohhcihuh npujiaedmejibHbix e GUHumenbHOM nadcMe

Adjective modifiers and special modifiers for non-animate CTOJi-type and OKHO-type nouns
have the same form in the accusative and nominative singular (see Chapter 2, pp. 55-56).

• Special modifiers for feminine nouns have the endings -y/-io.

-y Ffle Tbi KynHJi/a 3Ty KHwry?

-K) Mbi BM£ie;iM tboio cecxpy na KOHuepje.
5{ He Mory OTKpbixb 3Ty aeepb.

• Adjective modifiers for feminine nouns have the endings -yio/-ioio.

-yiO Yjxe Tbi KyuHJi/a TaKyio MHxepecHyio KHwry?

-lOK) 9{ Bcer/ia MMxaK) «BeMepHioio MocKBy».

• Adjective modifiers for animate CTOJi-type nouns and raaexa-type nouns referring to
male persons have the endings -oro/-ero.
-Oro 9{ xopouid 3Haio sauiero HOBoro npenoflaBaxenji pyccKoro asbiKa.
-ero Mbi BMAenM xBoero j\ijx\o BaHio Ha KOHuepxe.

3-26 Koro bbi BHcpa BMflejiM? He 3a5yAbxe ynoxpeSwxb BMHMxenbHbiM najie:»c.

Odpaseu: mom cxapuiMii 5pax ^ Bnepa a BMAen/a Moerd CTapuiero Opaxa.

3xa MHxepecHaa jieBymKa xaKOM CKyMHbiM qenoBCK Ham oxeu
nocneflHMii nacca>KMp XBOM flHflfl KoJlfl Bam flCAymKa
Hauia Mnafluiafl aoMb XBOM HOBbiM pyccKMM flpyr HOBbiM npenoflaBaxenb
cxpauHbiM qenoBCK xa cepbesHaa cxy^enxKa 3X0X HCMeu
XBOH HOBaa pyccKaa noApyra 3XOX noSpbiM npo(J)eccop xox pyCCKMM
oflMH cepbesHbiM cxyflCHx OAHa xopomaji snaKOMaa JlioSoBb MBanoBHa

All inanimate nouns and their modifiers, regardless of gender, have the same forms
in the accusative plural that they have in the nominative plural.

Ffle Bbi KyoHJiH 3TM npeKpacHbie khmfm? Where did you buy these nice hooks?
Mbi y>Ke 3anHcajiMCb na ece Kypcbi. We've already registered for all our courses.
khmfm?
Yjxt xbi noxepflji/a ceoii Where did you lose your books?

3-21 EojibiuoM ropofl. Bbi neaaBHO noSbiBaim b SonbmoM rdpojie. Mxo Bbi xaM BMflenM?
YnoxpeSnxe (J)dpMbi MndxecxBCHHoro MMCna. ^aMxe ndjiHbie oxBexbi.

05pa3ei4: dojibmoH xiom ^ Mbi BH/iejiH Gojibuine noua.

cxapaa 6M5nMoxeKa Sonbrndii MarasMH HOBasi mKona

MHxepecHbiM naMflXHMK npcKpacHbiM MyseM mMpdKaji ynMua
KpacMBaa nndmaflb ropoflCKdw napK BbicdKoe 3aaHMe
donbmdii xeaxp orpdMHbiii aBxddyc ManeHbKoe xaKCM

You will learn about accusative plural forms for animate nouns in Chapter 4.

IIoHedejibHUK deub mRMejibiu dcGHHocmo oduH 91

JJuHHbie MecmouMmun g GUHumejibHOM nadeMe

HMeHHXeJIbHblH KtO - MTO? TbI oh/oh6 OHa Mbl Bbl OHM

BHHHTejIbHblH Kord - HTO? MCHH ero ee Hac Bac MX

IIocTapaiiTecb He 3a6wTb!

The accusative forms ero, ee and mx can refer to both animate and inanimate nouns
— Tm MOM nopT4)ejib? "Where's my briefcase?"
— ^ ero He BMflen/a. "I haven't seen it."

OcTasb HHCbMO 3flecb, H ero ompaBJiio hotom. Leave the letter here, I'll mail
it later.

OcTasb oHCbMa 3flecb, a mx OTOpaBnio noTOM. Leave the letters here, I'll mail
them later
Mofl iViauiMHa crapaa, a ee KyniiJia oneHh naBHO. My car' s old; I bought it a
long time ago.

ynompedAenue euHumeAhHoeo nadejicd 6e3 npedAOdoe

to show the direct object of a transitive verb
MapK xoMCT KyoHTb Hoeyio MamiiHy. Mark wants to buy a new car.

to indicate the amount of time spent doing something

51 BCK) HOMb He cnan/a. / couldn't (didn't) sleep at all last night.
Mbi qejibiM roa yMHJiHCb b Poccmm. We spent a whole (an entire) year
studying in Russia.

in time expressions with Ka^j^biM

Ka^ayio n«THiiuy oh eaex aomom. He goes home every Friday.
Ohm cnpaiuMBaiOT o xeSe Ka^nuM ncHb. They ask about you every day.

YnompedAeHue euHumeAbHozo nadedtcd c npedAoeuMU

• B and Ha to indicate destination of a motion
Mbl MflCM Ha HOBbIM cJjMJIbM. We're going to the new movie.
5^ y>Ke xomn/a. e iviaraaMH. I've already been to the store.

B to indicate the specific time of an action

Ohm npnextyx bo btophmk hjih b cpejiy? Are they coming on Tuesday or Wednesday?
JlcKUMfl HaMMHaexcH b flBa Maca. The lecture starts at two o'clock.

B with the word pas to indicate the frequency of an action

M xoyay b SacceMH pa3 b HCjiejiio. / go to the pool once a week.
${ o5biMHO e3:»cy aomom asa pa3a b mcchu. / usually go home t^'ice a month.

92 deGHHocmo doa Fjiaod 3

 3-28 Kyaa bbi iiflexe, hto eaivi hv^kho KynHXb?

Odpaseu: Mara3MH/HdBbie KpoccoBKii ^

^ imy B iviara3HH, mhc Hy:»cHo KynHTb Hoebie KpoccoBKH.

KMOCK npoayKXbi
KHM^HblM Mara3MH CMrapexbi
Mara3MH 3y6HaR nacxa
noMxa HOBbie KpOCCOBKM
racrpoHOM HOBafl pySaiuKa
UCHXp noflapoK ana npyra
anxeKa MapKM M KOHBepXbl
uiaMnyHb

3-29 Kyua bbi xojxaim m Kord bbi xaM BiiaejiM?

Odpaseu: 3aHHXMHA'oM m Kaxa

9{xoOT-na Ha 3aH«xMH. 5{ xaM BMjiena ToMa m Kaxio.
5M6nMOxeKa CepreM m JIcHa
3aHflXMfl JlioSoBb CepreeBHa
cxonoBaa HllKOHaM MBaHOBMM
cnopx3aii H3HCH 11 TaHS
o5me»:MXMe JH:»CMM M M3pM
(JjMJlbM XBOM HOBbiM pyccKMM flpyr
SaccewH XBOfl HOBafl pyccKaa noapyra
coSpaHiie
pecxopaH

Lj-j^ 3-30 PaccKajKHxe apyr apyry, mxo bbi aejiaexe.

Odpaseu: Ka:»cjibiM jieHb/xo:«:y Ha 3aHflXMH ^

H Ka^KABiii jiCHB xomy na aaHflXMJi.

Yiiyvijxhm Mecau \ox.y B 5M5nMoxeKy

Ka>Kflbiii flCHb oxflbixaio B ropax
Ka^cnaa cpena Kaxaiocb Ha KOHbKax
Ka:»caa5i cy656xa 6eraK)
Ka;4caoe nexo OjiaBaio B dacceilne
Kaunas 3MMa noKynaK) ra3exy
pa3 — Helena 3bohk5 pOflMXeJlHM
3 — pa3 — Henenji HHiuy 5a6yujKe m nenyiiiKe
pa3 — NiecHU e3:»:y noMoii k pojiMxe.naM
2 — pa3 — Mecflu XO»:y B KMHO

IIOHedeJlbHUK dCHb mHM'eJlblU deGHHocmo mpu 93

 Fjiaroji: ynoxpeSjiCHHe bhjiob b ^pome^^lueM bpcmchh (1)

• Russian verbs are categorized according to aspect. In the past tense, imperfective verbs
indicate the occurrence of an action. Information about its duration or how often it is

repeated is usually given by accompanying adverbs or adverb phrases. In the past tense,
perfective verbs almost always denote a one-time action with additional information
about that action (i.e., its result, its inception, and its duration).

Imperfective verbs Perfective verbs

Communication about the achievement of the Communication about the achievement of the result
result of an action is unimportant. The fact that of an action is important. The fact that the result of
the action has taken place is important. the action has or has not taken place is important.
Bbi cerdflHfl MMTajiM rasery? Bbi npoHMxajiM rasery?
Did you read (look at) the paper today? Are you through with this paper?

No mention of duration of action An action of limited duration

Ona cnajia ndcne o5ejia. Ona nocnajia ndc.ie o5efla.
She slept after dinner. She took a nap (slept a bit) after dinner.

No mention of inception of action The inception of an action

jH^KMM 6ojieji rppinnoM. JH»:mm 3a6ojieji rpwnnoM.
Jim had the flu. Jim caught (has come down with) the flu.

• Two or more perfective verbs in one sentence indicate consecutive actions (i.e. one
action is completed before the next one begins).

Kara npoHMxajia KHwry m aajia ee MapKy.

Katya read the hook and gave Mark. it to

Kaxfl HanHcajia niicbMo m oxnpaBMJia erd poflMxenaM.

Katya wrote a letter and sent it to her parents.

• Two or more imperfective verbs in one sentence indicate simultaneous actions (i.e.

actions that occur at the same time).

51 nejiaji/a aoNiauiHioio paddxy, a cecxpa roxoBMjia y»:MH.

/ did my homework, while my sister fixed supper
Kaxfl roxoBiijia oSen m cjiyuiajia nocneflHwe MSBecxwa.
Katya fixed dinner and listened to the news.

• Imperfective verbs are used to denote repeated or habitual actions as well as actions
that last over a protracted period of time.

B nexcxee Bojidna nacxo nncaji nncbMa SaSyuiKC m fleayiiiKe.

When he was little, Volodya often wrote letters to his grandparents.
On/a fldjiro nHcaji/a cbokS flMccepxauHio.
He/She spent a long time writing his/her dissertation.
CKdjlbKO BpeMCHH Bbi FOXOBUJIMCb K 3X0My 3K3aMeHy'?
How much time did you spend studying for this exam?

94 deoftHOcmo nembipe Fjiaea 3

 ,

3-31 AHa.1113. Read the following sentences. Determine if the verbs in the sentences indicate
consecutive actions, simultaneous actions, repeated actions, or actions that last over a period of time.

1. KaTH noHyBCTBOBa.ia ce6fl n.idxo n nom.ia b no.iiiK.iiiHHKy.

2. Mbi ciiae.iii y apyseM h CMOTpe."iH (jpyrdon no Te.ieBM3opy.
3. MapK BCTa.i buk.iighii.i Te.ieBH30p.
ii

4. B uiKone a pejKO no.ivMa.i/a n.ioxne OTMexKii.

5. Ilpocjyeccop Bouie.i b ayaiiTopiiio ii noBjopoBa.iCH co CTvaeHxaMii.
6. Mbi MocKse asa rdaa.
^ii.iii B

7. CKO.lbKO pa3 Bbl CMOXpeaH 3T0T 4>HJlbM?

• Imperfective verbs are used in Russian equivalents of "What did you do? How did you
spend your time?" In the questions of this type, the verb is imperfective. because the
speaker is asking how you spent your time rather that what you got accomplished.

"What did you do this morning (yesterday, last night, etc. I?"

Hto Bbi je.ia.iii cerojHfl yrpoM (Bnepa. Bqepa BenepoM. ii x.a.)?

"Where were you? What did you do there?"

TueBbi 6bi.iii? Hto Bbi xaM je.ia.iii?

• Imperfective verbs are also used in answer to questions of this type.

— MapK. qjo TM ae.ia.1 BMepa eeqepoM?

yMH.l HOBbie C.lOBa. rOTOBII.lCJI K KOHTpd.lbHOil no pyCCKONiy H3bIKy.
"Mark, what did you do last night?" "Mark, how did you spend last night?"
"I studied my new words and studied (got ready) for my Russian test."
— Kara, rne cerdjHH yrpoM?
Tbi 6bi.ia
—H acKanaT ii cnpamiiBa.ia o cTimeHjiiii.
xoaii.ia B
"Karya. where were you this morning?"
"I went to the dean s office and asked about my scholarship!fellowship."

• Imperfective \ erbs are used in questions or statements about the occurrence of an

uncontemplated action, i. e.. in Russian equivalents of "Have you exer done this?"
"I've already done this." . Tre done this before." This is especially important when
you want to fmd out the other person has ever done something (eg. "Have
if you
(ever) read The Brothers Karamazor ?" "Have you (ever) seen this movie?")
.

— Bbi MiiTa.iii «npecTynneHiie ii HaKa3aHiie»?

— KoHeMHO. H
«BpaTbeB KapaMa30Bbix» HHTaji/a.
HHTa.i/a. ii

"Have you (ever) read Crime and Punishment?"

"Of course. I have. I've read The Brothers Karamazov, too."
— MapK. Tbi CMOjpe.i 4)iinbM «yHeceHHbie BeTpoM»?
— KoHCMHO. CMOipe-i. Kto :;Ke He CNtoipe.i 3tot tjDii.ibM?
"Mark, have you ever seen the movie Gone with the Wind."^"
"Of course I have. Everybody's seen that movie.'"

TIoHede.ibHUK denb mRVK'e.ibiu deeftHOcmo numb

3 32 KaK cKa3aTb no-pyccKM? flaiixe pyccKMe 3KBMBajieHTbi.

1 I've already read that magazine. (MiiTaxb/npoMMTaTb)

2 I've already told them about my classes. (paccKasbiBaTb/paccKasaTb)
3 I've already seen that movie. (cMOTpexb/nocMOTpeTb)
4 I've seen you somewhere before. (BcxpeMaTb/BCTpexMTb)
5 I've already called home today. (3BOHMXb/no3BOHMXb)
6 I've already seen Mark's apartment. (BMflexb/yBMflexb)

3-33 yjKC aejiaji/a ixo. Cocxasbxe nMandrM.

Odpaseii: — IlociviOTpM 3xox (|3MJibM.

— 5{ y:ace CMOxpeji/a 3xox (|)MnbM.

1. 05H3axe7ibHO npoMMTaii 3xy cxaxbK).

2. Haniiiuif ponMxe.xHM o cbocm »cii3hh b yHMBepcMxexe.
3. Cnpocii JIioSoBb CeprecBHy, npwjiex jim ona k HaM.
4. 055i3axenbH0 nocoBeTviicH c BpanoM.
5. IIorOBOpH 05 3X0M C HCKaUOM.

• Perfective verbs are used in questions about the occurrence of an expected or intended
action, i.e., Russian equivalents of "Have you done what you wanted
to do?" "Have you

done what you intended do?" "Have you done what you were supposed to do?"
to

Perfective verbs are also used in answer to these types of questions and in statements
indicating the occurrence of an expected or intended action.

— KynMjia Bce
Kaxfl, xbi xe5e khpifm? Hy:)KHbie
"Katya, have you bought books you need?"
all the
— MapK, nepeaaji poflMxenflM ox mchh npMBex?
xbi
"Mark, did you say hello to your parents for me?"
Bb! B3HJ1M aCHbrM B SaHKC?
"Did you get some money at the bank?"

3-34 npoeepbTe ce5fl. B KaKOM kohxckcxc m6>kho CKasaxb:

1 . Tbi cMoxpeji/a axox cfjMJibM? — Tbi nocMoxpeji/a 3xox ^vmhul

2. Tbi 3B0HMn/a jjomom cerd^Hfl? — Tbi no3BOHMn/a aomom cerdnnsi?
3. Bbi Miixa.xM 3xy KHwry? — Bbi npoqiixanii 3xy KHwry?
4. Tbi npnHMMaji/a acnMpwH? — Tbi npHH$in/a acniipMH?

3-35 KaK OTeeTiiTb Ha eonpoc «Hto cjiyHMjiocb?» Bbioepiixe HyjKHbin nnaroji.

1. — MapK, Mxo cjiyqwnocb? IloMeMy onosflan? xbi

51 MauiMHy.
(MIIHlLl/nOMIIHIIJl)
2. — MXO cxymiJiocb? IIoMeMy
Kaxfl. hc na jickumm? bbi 6biJiM
— 51 Kypcosyio pa66xy.
(niicajia/Hanncajia)
3. — MXO cnyMMHOcb?
BojidjiJi, BaM 3B0HMna bccb aeub, a Bac ue 5bmo.
51

— ^ (neMaxan/HaneMaxan) noKnafl KOMUbidxepHOM uenxpe. b

4. — MXO cjiyMMnocb? Te6a
HiiHa, ne 5bLxo aoMa. nojiflHfl
— (noKyna-xa/KynMiia) yMe5HHKii,
51 OMepenb. a xaxi Sbi.xa
5. — Hxo cjiyMMJiocb? Vae Sujim Becb Bbi xieHb?
— YxpoM Mbi (MrpajiM/noMrpajiM) b xchhuc, a nneM (cMoxpejiH/nocMoxpe/iH) hobbim (^punhM.

96 deGHHOcmo uiecmb Fjiaed 3

3-36 Hto Bbi flCJiajiH? 06-hsicmhe, rae bbi Sbijim m mto flenanw.

1 . You were at the post office mailing (nocbinaTb/nocnaxb) some letters.

2. You were at the bookstore buying books for your courses.
3. You were at the computer lab printing a term paper.
4. You were calling a friend.
5. You were having coffee in the cafeteria.
6. You were home asleep.
7. You were taking a shower.
8. You were out running.

Bud eAUiOAa e ompuudmeAbHOM npedAooiceHuu

• Use a negated perfective verb in the past tense to indicate that an action that was supposed
to take place did not take place or that the expected result of an action did not take place.

— KaTH, noMeMy He Tbi hmmm kmho?

noiiiJia c b
"Katya, why you go
didn't movies with
to the others?" the
— noMCMy MHe He CKaiajiH o6 3tom?
Bbi
"Why you
didn't me about
tell that?"
— rioqeMy MapK ne hobbohm Kaxe sqepa? ji

"Why Mark
didn't Katya yesterday
call he was supposed
(like to)?"
— floMaujHHfl paSdra 6bma m mm
xpyflHaa,ne ee caejiajiM.
"Our homework was hard, and we didn't (couldn't) do it."

HOBblM pyCCKMM 4)MJIbM HMKOMy HC OOHpaBMJICfl.

Nobody liked the new Russian movie.

• A negated imperfective verb in the past tense indicates that no action took place and
that there was never any intent to perform that action. Note the difference in meaning
in these sentences.

He CMOxpeji/a 3tot (^mubm. / haven t seen that movie.

9i He HOCMOTpejl/a 3T0T c})HjlbM. I didn't see that movie (even though I
intended to do so.)

?i He xo;iHJi/a na 3Ty BbicxaBKy. I didn't go to that exhibit.

9i He nouieji/nouiJia na 3xy BbicxaBKy. I didn't go to that exhibit (even though I

intended to do so.)

9i He npiir.iauiaji/a mx b focxm. I didn't invite them to the party. (I didn't

intend to.)

51 He npHrjiacMJi/a mx b tocxm. I didn't invite them to the party. (I forgot to.

I didn' t manage to.)

3-37 AnajiHS. B KaKOM KOHxeKcxe m6;*:ho

1. 51 He roxoBH.x/a yTKim cqvohhh. 51 He npMroxoBMn/a yxMH cerdnHH.

2. 5! He nepeeoAH.i/a 3xn npennoiKeHMfl. 51 He oepeBen/nepeBena 3xm npefl-io^cHMa.
3. H He yMHJi/a 3xm cjioBa. 51 He BbiyMMn/a 3XM cnoBa.
4. Ohm ne npuxonujiM. Ohm He npMiujiM.
5. 5! cerdflHH HMqerd ne aenaji/a. 51 cerdnHfl HMHerd He cflcjiaji/a.
6. 51 He cflasan/a 3xox 3K3aMeH. 51 He cnaji/a 3xox 3K3aMeH.

UoHedejibHUK deub mnjK'ejibiu deeRHOcmo ccMb 97

 A
KopontKO

Use imperfective verbs

1. When telling someone how you spent your time prior to the moment of your
conversation.
2. When expressing the fact that an action has taken place, but information about
its result is unimportant.

3. When speaking about simultaneous actions.

4. When telling someone you did not do something and that you had no intention
of doing it.

Use perfective verbs

1 When telling someone
. that an expected action has taken place.
2. When speaking about consecutive actions.
3. When speaking about or stressing the completion of a result-producing action.
4. When an expected action or its result did not take place.

3-38 BoT TaKasi ciiTvauMfl. PaBbirpaHxe. YnoTpeoHTe marojibi b CK66Kax.

1. (nucaxb/HanHcaTb) Tell a friend that you didn't write any term papers last semester,

because none were required.

2. (6pocaTb/6pdcMTb) Your friend was going to drop biology , but you see him/her in class.
He/she tells you that he/she didn't drop the course because the professor is so good.

3. (npnrnaiiiaTb/npnrnacOTb) You're at a party and you don't see Natasha. Your host tells you
that he/she didn't invite Natasha (and had no intention of doing so), because she's so boring.
4. (nocTynaxb/nocxynHTb) Ask your friend why he/she went to this university.
5. (nocxynaxb/nocxyoHXb) A friend's brother/sister was accepted at your university, but
didn't enroll. Ask your friend why. The answer is that the person went to another university.
6. (6paxb/B3HXb) Your friend is reading a book that you've been looking for. Ask if he/she
checked it out of the library.

7. (Bbi6npaxb/Bbi6paxb) Ask a friend why he/she hasn't declared a major yet.

8. (roBopMXb/cKasaxb) You missed an important meeting because your friend didn't tell you
about it. Ask why he/she didn't do so.

9. (npMrjiauiaxb/npMrnacMXb) Someone a lot of you don't like has shown up at a party. Tell
your friends that you didn't invite that person.

10. (lanwcbiBaxbCfl/ianHcaxbCH) Tell your friends that you still haven't registered for one course.
11. (3HaKdMnxb/no3HaKdMMXb) Ask your friend why he/she didn't introduce you to the new
student from Kazakhstan that he/she was just talking to.

12. (noKynaxb/Kynnxb) Tell your friends that you still haven't bought all your textbooks.
13. (roxoBMXb/npMroxdBMXb y«MH) You've just come home, and your friend hasn't fixed
supper, even though he/she said it would be Ask him/her why.
ready.

14. (6paxb/B3HXb) You can't find one of your books. Mark tells you that he didn't take it.

15. (nncaxb/Hanncaxb) Your friend spent last night writing letters. Ask how many letters
he/she got written.

98 deGHHOcmo GoceMb Fjiaad 3

KyjibxypA

111 poccHiicKoro npoiii.ioro

3-39 McTopiifl. riocMOTpHTe Ha xaGMuy. npomiTafiTe Bc.iyx jaxbi. SanoMHiiTe

Ha3BaHH5i pyccKoro rocyAapcxBa b pa3Hbie nepiioAbi.

Pvcb POCCMH

BCK KiieBCKaa MocKOBCKaa PoccHiicKafl PoCCMllCKaH P0CCMMCKa3

Pycb Pycb HMnepna OeaepaxMBHaa OeaepamiH
CoUHaJlMCTHMeCKaH
Pecny6.anKa^
M
Cok53 Cobctckhx
Comia-incTUMecKiix
PecnySjiHK
XXI
XX 1917-1991 1992 -
XIX
XVIII XVIII -1917
XVII
XVI
XV
XIV
XIII XIII - XVII BB
XII IX-XII BB.
XI
X
IX
I-VIII Haiua 3pa (no PojKnecxBe XpiicxoBc)

riepBoe pyccKoe rocyflapcTBO

M6>KeX 6blXb, BaM HHXepeCHO, OXKyfla •nOFIBMnHCb pyCCKHe, KBK came, appeared
•B03HMK;iO nepBOe pyCCKOe •rOCyflapCXBO. Mx66bl OXeexuXb originated: stare
Ha 3T0X Bonpoc, •sarnflHeM b *y^e6H\AK «KaK poc/io m cxponnocb i^,,-^ ^^f^^ ^ i^j^f^. textbook
pyccKoe rocyflapcxBO», •Hani/icaHHbm npocjDeccopoM H. written hv
oKpoBCKUM B 1914 rofly.

immediately after the Revolution, Russia was called the PCOCP. which became a part of the newly formed CCCP in 1922.

TIoHedejihHUK deHbinn'jK'ejibiu deenHocmo deenmb 99

 )

3-40 Bo BpeMfl HTCHiia. Haft^jHTC oTBexbi na cjie/iyiomHe Bonpocbi.

1 . To what ethnic group of people do the Russians belong?

2. Where did this group of people originally live?
3. What group of people formed the original Russian state?
4. What was the name of the first Russian state?
5. Why were rivers important in the economical development of the first Russian state?
6. Who were the Vikings, and what was their trade route through Russia called?
7. What were the two largest cities in ancient Russia?

C/iaBHHe. HaiiiM 'npeflKH HasbiBanncb cnaematJWA. ChaMa/ia c/iaBi=iHe ancestors

yK\Anu\ OKO/io KapnaiCKHx rop. Mx HaMann 'TecHMTb 3flecb coceflu, n ohm crowd out
•flBMHynncb OTCiofla s flpyrwe oeMnn. OflHii H3 hmx •noce/iM/incb no moved: lands: settled
flnenpy m •snaflaioiMMM s Hero peKaM. C^tm-to cnaenne n orpaHnaoBann that flowed into it

TO •o6ujkipHoe rocyflapcTBO, b KOTopoM Mbi >KMBeM. Oho HasbiBaeicfl 5onbmde

PoccMCM, a B •ciapuHy nasbiBa/iocb Pycbto. cxdpbie BpCMCHa

3aHMMajincb cjiaBHHe •aeMnefle/ineM, •oxotom, a raioKe •paseoflMnn agriculture: hunting: raised

•CKOT, '/lOBM/in pb'i6y, cobupa/in b /lecy 'ivieA n "Bock. cattle: caught: honey: wax
• ToproBJin. Huc/id ropoflds •nocreneHHO 'yBe/iii MUBa/iocb. trade: gradually: increased

• Hacenenne cia/io •CKyHMBarbcn OKono hux. HaManacb u ToproBJifl: population: gather

ciann c/iaBflne 'MeHflTb 'lUKypbi, 'iviexa na MeTa/i/iMHecKne bblmh m trade: hides: furs

•TKaHM, KOTOpbie npHBOSMJlM •HHOSeMUbl. ToprOBblMH 'nyTflMH •CJiy>KM/lM cloth materials: foreigners: roads: ser\>ed

peKM. fjiaBMbiM ToproBbiM nyreM 6bm BeriMKuPi BOflHbiM nyib. Oh sen m3

Ba/iTMPiCKoro MopR b Hepnoe. HaHUHancFi oh peKoPi HesoPi; nepea nee
nonafla/iM b naflO>KCKoe •oaepo; OTCiOfla peKoPi Bojixobom nribinn b osepo lake

MjibMen, a m3 nero fla/ibtue no peKe JloBaTn. Or floBaTu flo flnenpa iu/in

neiuKOM, ' HecR jioakm na pyKax a noioM no flnenpy 'cnycKa/incb

, b carrying their boats: sailed down to

Hepnoe Mope. Flo aiOMy nyxM esflnnn Hepe3 naiuy cxpany b fpeunK)
» >KMBLune na CKahflUHaBCKOM nonyocTpose aapflrn M nyxb stot •nhaHe
. the Vikings who lived: otherwise

Ha3biBajicR «nyTb H3 BapRr b rpeKM». Ha stom nyxM bo3hmk;io mhoto

ropoflOB; caMbiMM 3aMeMaTe;ibHbiMM dbinn: na Bonxose — HosropoA, Ha
flnenpe — Kwes.

3-41 Ilocjie MTeHH>i. FIocMOTpHTe na

KapTy. OpocjieflHTe nyxb, KOxopbiH
HasbieaeTCH «nyTb h3 sapHr b rpeKH». Benoe wope

( KoiicTaiiTiiiionjiL

KacniiiicKoe Mope

100 cmo Fjiaad 3

 ll>ieHa, KOTopbie anaiOT ece pyccKiie: 0egop ModHoout Twnmeo (1803-1873)

3-42 CTHXOTBopcHHe. •Vmom Poccmk) He nOHRTb, mind, reason

OpomiTaHTe h BbiyMHTC HaH3ycTb ApiLiMHOM •66lumm He •H3Mepmb: common; measure
CTHXOTBopeHHe TKDTMeBa «yM6M I
« Oc66eHHaH ciaTb - its own grace, stature
^ B PocCMK) MO>KHO TonbKO •Bepmb. to believe
POCCHK) He nOHHTb».

0B30PHbIE SA^AHHfl
CxpyKxypa npejiJio>KeHM»

3-43 CocTaoMM miajiorn. flawTe ndnHtie oxeeTbi na eonpdcbi.

Odpasiibi: — Ona npHnex ceroflHH? — Koraa ohm npMjiyT?

— H He npMflCT
3HaK), jim ona cerdflH$i. — He 51 ohm npMnyT.
snaio, Korj^a

1. MaiuMHy MapKa y^Ke hommkhjih? — Ha HCM OH Mrpaex?

7.
2. Korna ona 3B0HMJia? — Kto
8. 3X0 oStHBJieHMe?
BMHeji
3. riOHeMy OH He n03B0HMn? — Mama dpdcMna Mrpaxb na poa.xe?
9.
4. KaxH coSMpaexcH b SacceiiH? — Ohm Macxo xdnax na KOHuepxbi?
10.
5. MapwH noMnex b uepKOBb b BocKpecenbe? — Ha KaKMe KOHuepxbi ohm xdaax?
11.
6. riexfl 6yjiex sanax ndcjie 4.00?

3-44 KoTopbiii. HepeBeflMxe na aHrnMMCKMM H3biK m CKaxMxe, b xaxdM naneyni cndBO

Komopuu H noneMy.

1. H cerdflHRMay k flpy3bHM, k KoxopbiM npnexajiM rdcxM m3 Mockbm.

2. KaxH M MapMsi noMnyx b uepKOBb, KOTopyio nocxpdnnM 50 nex Ha3afl.
3. KoHuepx. B KOTopoM OHM Mppaiox. Synex b BOCKpecenbe.
4. KoHuepx, Ha Koxopbiii Mbi xoxihjih, 6bm He oMenb MHxepecHbiM.

PairoBop

3-45 CnpocHxe ii oxBexbxe. SanaMxe cnenyiomMe Bonpdcbi m oxBexbxe na hmx.

Cnpocume dpyza Omeenibme dpyzy

1. what time he/she usually gets up what time you usually get up
2. what his/her favorite subjects are what your favorite subjects are
3. what kind of day he/she had yesterday that you didn't have a good day yesterday
4. why he/she didn't call yesterday that you were busy
5. what time he/she can pick you up tomorrow night when you can pick him/her up
6. what time he/she goes to bed that you go to bed after you finish your homework
7. what he/she wants to do after graduation what you want to do after graduation
8 if he/she keeps a diary that you keep a diary
9. what time he/she wakes up in the morning what time you usually wake up in the morning

TIoHedejibHUK deub mRTK'ejibiu cmo oduH 101

 10. what instruments he/she can play what instruments you can play
11. what happened to him/her that nothing happened to you

12. if he/she is planning to go to the pool this evening that you've already gone swimming today

3-46 A HTO Bbi CKa^exe? flawxe kslk mojkho Sdnbiue otbctob.

1. — yyKQ
Tbi saaBJieHMe na nexHwe Kypcbi?
ndflan/a
2. — co5MpaembCfl cerom^ 6acceMH?
Tbi b
3. — Hy, nopa
najiHO, jjOMoii.

4. — y MCHR cerdflHa Syaex penexMUMSi.

5. — Mbi
Ffle Bbi 6biJTM? HananM BOHHOBaxbCfl.
yyf^e

6. — IloMeMy xaK onosflanM?

Bbi

3-47 KojijieKTMBHbiii paccKas. Oamh m3 Bac naHMHaex. 3axeM Ka^KjibiM aodaBnaex (adds)
^"-^ ^exaJlI1

«B cpejty y Mena 5biii y:jKacHbiM jieHb...»

3-48 Ot ceSa. Y Bac 6bm x5i:*:enbiM acHb. PaccKa»:Hxe o hcm.

3-49 Box TaKafl CMTyauMH. Pa3birpaMxe.

1. Apologize to your instructor for being late to class. Explain what happened.
2. Two students discuss what to do in the evening: one works a lot, the other is not too
concerned about his/her classes.

riHCbMO

3-50 y KaxM coBceM Hex BpeMCHM. HanmuMxe sa nee nwcbMo SaSyiuKc. HanHMxe xaK.

102 cmo dea Fjiaed 3

 HxeHHc

3-51 XpaMbi (temples) pa3Hbix pejiiiriiM b Mockbc. npoMMxaMTe.

1 . Look through the texts to determine which one mentions CathoHcism, Judaism, Islam,
Lutheranism, and Russian Orthodoxy.
2. Select one paragraph to tell the class about.

OaKTbi. B KHMre «MocKBa. PenMrMosHbie ueHTpbi m o6mMHbi», HsnaHHOM b Mockbc b 1992

rofly, B. r. MepKacoB-redprweBCKHM nHuiex o tom, KaK nojiBHnwcb b Mockbc pa3Hbie

peiiHrMM M rfle Haxoflaxca mx xpaMbi. Box HCKOxopbie cJjaKXbi m3 3xom KHHrw.

1 B 1 325 rofly MocKBa cxana uenxpoM pyccKoro •npaBOcnaBUH.

.
orthodoxy
3x0 npoMSomno, Korfla rnaea PyccKOM npaBOcnaeHOM uepKBn
•Muxponon^x flexp nepeexan m BnaflMMupa b MocKBy. flocne bishop
xoro, KaK B 988 rofly pyccKne npMHflnn xpucinaHCTBO, uenxpoM
npaBOcnaBUfl cxa/i Kmbb. B 1051 rofly xaM 6bm nocxpoeH KweBO-
rieMepcKUM MOHacxbipb. Koraa KMeBCKi/iPi nepwofl pyccKoPi
MCxopuM •npeKpaxMJiCH bo BpeMH MOHronbCKo-TaTapcKoro ceased
•HaLuecxBMH Ha Pycb, ueHxpoM PycM cxa/in ropofla BnaflMMnp n invasion
Cy3flanb. M HaKOHeu b 14 BeKe rocyflapcxBeHHbiM m
pennrnosHbiM ueHxpoM cxana MocKBa.

2. B 1789 rofly mvinepaxpMLia EKaxepMHa BenMKaR paspemuina

cjDpaHuysaM, >KHByu4MM b MocKBe, nocxpdnxb cbokd
KaxcjiMMecKyio uepKosb. n63>Ke pflflOM c uepKOBbK) nocxponnn
flse LUKonbi: flnn •lOHOLueM, b KOxopoPi yMMnocb 250 yneHUKOB, young men
M flnR fleBymeK, b KOxopoM 6bmo 300 yneHMLt. 3xox xpaM
cymecxByex m flo cmx nop. Oh HaxoflnxcH na ynnue Manan
ny6FiHKa, aoM 12.

3. nepBan moxepancKaH KMpKa (Kwpxa) nocxpoeHa b MocKBe b

KOHue 1575-HaMane 1576 roflOB xaM, rfle >KMnn npoxecxanxbi,

Ha npaBOM 6epery pem •Flysbi. KiipKa 6bma •flepeBAHHan. B a river in Moscow; wooden
1694 rofly HaHann cxponxb KaMennyio KMpKy. PaccKaabiBaiox,
Mxo ilexp riepsbiM sanoKkin nepBbm 'KaMenb. stone, rock

4. riepBafl 'Menexb b MocKBe 6bma nocxpoeHa b 1816 rofly. mosque

MeMexb, Koxopafl •cyu^ecxByex b MocKBe cePiMac, 6bma exists

nocxpoeHa b 1902-1904 roflax -KynuoM EpanHbiM. Ona merchant

HaxoflMxcfl oKono Mexpo "(IpocneKx MMpa». Ee aflpec BbinonaoB
•nepeynoK, flOM 7. MocKOBCKan o6iiJ,MHa MycynbMan HsnFiexcFi MajieHbKaa ynnua
BxopoM no •BennMnne nocne npaBOcnasHoPi. size

UoHedejibHUK deub ntRMejibiu oduH

5. riepBafl CMHarora b MocKse 6bma OTKpbira ndc/ie
•OTeMecToeHHoPi BOMHb'i 1812 rofla no paapeLueHnio nMneparopa OTCMecTBO - fatherland
AneKcaHflpa flepBoro. CePiMac MocKOBCKan XopanbHaFi cnHarora
HaxoflHTCH B CTapoM paPiOHeMockbu b Cnacor/iMHumeBCKOM
nepeyjiKe. Ona 6bma nocipoeHa b 1891 rofly. B 1892 rofly
CMHarora 6bma saKpbiTa, a ee 'pyKOBOfluiTejin 'BbicnaHbi m3 leaders; banished

MocKBbi. OHa 6bma •CHOBa OTKpbiia b 1906 rofly m c rex nop onaxb
flBfifleTCfl •rnaBHOM cnHaroroM Mockbh. main

3-52 B KaKOM roay? npOMMxaMTe ecuyx.

1. B 1325 vojxy MocKBa cxana ueHxpoM pyccKoro npaBocnaeMH.

2. B 988 pyccKwe npMHJiiiM xpMCTMaHCTBO.
rofly
3. B 14 BCKe MocKBa cxana penMriidsHbiM ueHxpoM.
4. B 1789 rojiy 5biJia nocxpocHa KaxoniiMecKaa uepKOSb.
OSpaTHTC BHlIMaHMe!
5. B 1575 Tojxy 6bma nocxpocHa nioxepaHCKaH KMpKa. 6biJi/d nocxpdeH/a - was built
6. B 1816 roay Sbijia nocxpocHa nepeaa Menexb. Gbin/a oxKpbix/a - was opened
7. B 1812 vojxy 5bma oxKpbixa nepBaa CMHarora.

HGJinmbcn

In expository Russian, the verb aBJiflXbCH + instrumental case is

often used as a synonym for the unexpressed present tense of 6biTb.

MocKsa flBji»eTCH CTOJiiiueii Poccmmckom OeaepauMM.

Moscow is the capital of the Russian Federation.

104 cmo Hentbipe Fjiaod 3

 )

CJIOBAPb
Bbi jionyKHU SHaxb ixw cuoea.

JXhm HejiejiH

noHeACJibHHK (b noHCjiejibHMK; no noHeaenbHMKaM) Monday, on Monday, on Mondays

BTOpHMK (bo BTOpHMK; nO BTOpHMKUM) Tuesday, on Tuesday, on Tuesdays
no cpenaivi m no cpeaaM)
cpejxa (b cpCAy; Wednesday, on Wednesday, on Wednesdays
MCTBepr (b MexBepr; no MexBepraM) Thursday, on Thursday, on Thursdays
naxHMua (b naxHMuy; no nflXHMuaM) Friday, on Friday, on Fridays
cy556xa (b cy66dxy; no cy66dxaM) Saturday, on Saturday, on Saturdays
BOCKpeccHbe (b BocKpecenbe; no BocKpeceHbHM) Sunday, on Sunday, on Sundays

HivieHa cymecTBHTejibHbie

Sanex ballet ndiiHOMb midnight

SacceiiH swimming pool nojioBMHa half
SyAMUbHMK alarm-clock flBa/ABC (xpw, two (three, four)
BCK (pi. BCKa) century c nonoBMHoM and a half
BbixoflHbie (nnn) weekend nojixopa one and a half
AHeBHMK diary, journal nojiqaca half an hour
AOMauinaa pa5dxa homework penexMUMH rehearsal
KOMnbidxep computer pOHHb (m.) piano
KOMnbroxepHaa /ia6opax6pHH computer lab cjiyx ear (for music)
KOMnbKJxepHbiM uenxp computer center cncKxaKjib (m.) play, performance

KOHxpojibHaa paSoxa (no + qeiviy?) test xpeHMpdBKa (sports) training, practice

KypcoBaa paSdxa term paper xop (b xdpe) choir

o6i>HBneHMe announcement, uepK|o|Bb (f.) church

advertisement

Fjiarojibi

6pocaxb/6pdcMXb + mxo? to drop

5yflHXb/pa36y;iHXb + Kord? to wake up
BeCXM (jIHeBHMK) to write a diary (journal
BoiiHOBaxbCH/pa3BonHOBaxbCfl + M3-3a Herd? to get upset
BcxaBaxb/BCxaxb to get up
BcxpeMaxbCfl/BCxpexMXbCH + rae? to meet, get together

Bbicxynaxb/Bbicxynwxb to perform; to give a speech

BbicbinaxbCfl/BbicnaxbCH to get enough sleep

FOxdBMXbCJi/noflroxdBMXbca + k MCMy? to prepare, to study (for an exam)

flaBaxb/jiaxb + KOMy/qxo? to give

:«:naxb/noflo»:naxb + Kord? to wait for

3a6biBaxb/3a6bixb toforget
3aBOflHXb/3aBeCXM to set an alarm clock, a watch
3aHMMaXbCfl+ MCM? to do one' s homework, to study)

sacbinaxb/sacHyxb to fall asleep

SHaMMXb to mean
Mrpaxb + Ha mcm? to play an instrument

FIoHedejibHUK deub mnyKejibiu cmoriRmb 105

M3BMHHTbCH/M3BMHMTbCa + 33 HTO? to apologize
jio:4CMTbca/neMb (cnaxb) to go to bed
jioMaTbCH/cnoMaxbca to break down
ona3abiBaTb/ono3naTb + Kyaa? to be late, arrive late
nexb + MTO? to sing

neMaTaxb/HaneMaxaTb + mto? to type, print

npHHHMaxb/npHHHTb (flym) to take a shower

npd6oBaxb/nonpd6oBaxb to try

npocnaxb iperf.) to oversleep, to miss, sleep through

npocbinaxbca/npocHyxbCfl to wake up
penexwpoBaxb + mxo? to rehearse
coSiipaxbca/coSpaxbca + uH^unumue to intend to (+ Kyna - to intend to go somewhere)
xaHucBaxb to dance
ycncBaxb/ycnexb + aenaxb/cACJiaxb mxo? to have time do do something
MHHHXb/nOMHHHXb + MXO? to fix, repair

HMCHa npHJiaraTCJibHbie

MysbiKajibHbiM musical

HapeHH>i

nonpHn in a row, one after another

paHO early
qyxb He nearly (with verbs of negative meaning)

Bbipa>KeHHH

3aHJix/3aHHxa busy
M3BMHMxe. no^Kajiywcxa. Please excuse me. Pardon me.
Ha 3X0M Henene this week
oflMH pa3 once
nopa + UH^UHumue it's time to...

ripocxMxe, no^Kajiyiicxa. Please excuse me. Pardon me.

(Koviy) npHnexcH + uH^imumue someone will have to

(KOMy) npmij;i6cb+ uH(fiuHumue someone had to

(KOMy) cxcSmx + iiHcfiuHumite it's worth doing

Macbi (oxcxanSx, cnemax, cxohx, The clock/ watch (is slow, fast, has stopped).
OCXaHOBMJlMCb).

106 cmoiuecmb Fjiaed 3

 AHM HALUEt^ XM3HM

# flSblK B >KM3HM
KaKoe y eac pacnMcaHwe?
3K3aMeH no SKOHOMMKe
XeaTHT saHMMaxbCfl
M3 aHCBHMKa KaxM

# foBopiiTe npaBMjibHo!

POflMTeHbHblM UajieyK (MHOJKeCTBeHHOe mmcjio)

BMHMTejibHbiM naaeTK (MHO^ecTBCHHoe qMCJid)
Diaro/i: ynoTpe6jieHHe buhob b npomezimeM BpeMCHH (2)
BpcMsi no MacaM (2)

KyubTypa
MMena, KOTOpbie snaiOT Bce pyccKMe: C. A. Ecchuh
M3 poccMMCKoro npomnoro

0636pHbie saAaHMfl
CxpyKxypa npemio:»ceHMH
PasroBop
ITwCbMO
MxeHMe

cmo ccMb 107

fl3bIK B :aCH3HH

KaKoe y eac pacniicaHiie?

— KaKoe y Bac pacnMcaHne 3tom HexBepTM? b
— A MTO? Why do you ask?
— IlpdcTO HHxepecHO.
— 3anncaiiCH/3anncajiacb Ha npcBHioio
51 xmmhio m pyccKMii.
MCTdpiiio.
— y xeSa ecTb naGopaxdpHbie no xmmmm?
— pa3a Henenio. M eme, kohcmho, hckumm.
JUa, flBa b
— Ay MCHs Hex neKUMii, xdnbKO HecKonbKO ceMMHapOB.
— acHMpanx/Ka.
IToHflXHo. Tbi
— Ay MCHH naxb KvpcoB. Xony 6pdcnxb. ohiih
— KaxdM?
— HaBepHoe, 4)M3MKy.
— Ay Mena nioSMMbiM npeaMex.
4)Pi3MKa

4-1 HHblMM CJIOBaMM. 05l.HCHMXe HO-pyCCKM.

1. KaKoe y Bac pacHMcaHMe? 3. Tbi sanMcajicfl/sanwcaiiacb na xmmmio?

2. 51 5pdcMJi/a Kypc. 4. Y mchh (|>M3MKa nioSMMbm npemviex.

4-2 rioroBopiiM o ce6e. CnpocMxe jipyr npyra.

1. CKdjibKO y Bac xypcoB b 3xoh nexBepxH? (b 3Xom ccMccxpe?) KaKwe?

2. KaKdn Kypc cavibiM xpyjiHbiw? IIoHeMy?
3. Bbi xoxejiM 5bi oamh Kypc dpdcMXb? KaKdw?
4. Ha KaKwe Kypcbi Bbi codwpaexecb 3anMcaxbca b cjieayiomeH ^exBepxH? (s cjienyromeM
ceMccxpe?)

4-3 BoT TaKan CMTvauMH. Pa3birpaHxe.

Discuss your schedule this quarter/semester. Complain about how hard life is at school.

3K3aMeH no 3KOH6MMKe
— Koxdpbni Mac?
Pedflxa.
— MexBepxb
yytnQ flecHxoro.
— Hy noKa, mhc nopa.
— qjo Hex aeBaxii
xbi, erne
— y xeda cneniax.
Macbi
— y MeHfl 3aBxpa 3K3aMeH no MnpoBdn 3K0HdMMKe.
— 3x0 3K3aMeH!
fleiicxBMxejibHO xpyflHbiii
— noMHK), ^T0
51 yjKacHO MHdro BonpdcoB.
dbijio
XaK HepBHHMaK).
51

— erd51 npdmnoM
npoBaiiMJi/a b rofly.
— An nonyMMJi/a xpdtiKy.
108 cmo QoceMb Fjiaed 4
 BwflMTe! A y mchh ocxanocb cobccm Mano BpeMCHM.
HMMero. Bee Syaex b nopanKe.
CnoKOMHoii homm!
Hm nyxa. hm nepa!
K qepxy! Wishing good luck
JlaflHO, Td:«;e nouien/nomna.
When wishing someone good luck, Russians often say
«Hm nyxa, hm nepa». A good English equivalent of this
expression is "Break a leg."' Custom
demands that you
also
insult rather than thank the person wishing you good luck.

Therefore, a common reply is «K MepTy». The English

equivalent of this is "Go to heir or 'To hell with it."

4-4 Mhumm cjiOBaMM. 06'bHCHMTe no-pyccKM.

1. 3x0 yjKacHbiM 3K3aMeH. 4. y MCHH ocxajiocb MaJlO BpeMCHH.

2. 51 nposajiMn/a 3K3aMeH. 5. Bee 6yflex b nopa^Ke.
3. H xaK HepBHMHaio.

4-5 Hxo Bbi CKaiKCTe? flaMxe necKOUbKO BapnanxoB.

1. Bbl XOXMXe MJIXM flOMOM.

2. y Bamero flpyra saBxpa 3K3aMeH.
3. 4epe3 Henenio y Bac xpynHbiii SKsaMen.

4-6 IIoroBopMM o ce6e. Cnpocwxe npyr npyra.

1. KaKwe 3K3aMeHbi y Bac 5yflyx b 3xom ccMecxpe (b sxom MexBepxw)? KaKOM m3 hmx caMbiM xpyanbiM?
2. KaKOM 3K3aMeH Bbi SoMxecb npOBajiwxb?
3. KaKMe 3K3aMeHbi bm cflaBauM b npomnoM roay? B npomnoM qexBepxM (b npdmnoM ceMecxpe)?
4. KaK Bbi ;iyMaexe, mxo jiyHiiie — nHCbMeHHbie hjih ycxHbie 3K3aMeHbi?
4-7 Box xaKafl CMxyauMH. Pa3birpaiixe.

1. Your friend is nervous before an important test. Tell him/her that everything will be all right.

2. You can see that your friend is upset. It turns out he/she has failed an exam.

fljifl Bauiero CBe^eHM^

Exam 3K3aMeH npoMcxdaax ox oflHoro cjidsa

M —
naxMHCKoro "examen", ho
aHFJiMMCKoe cndBO exam ynoxpedjiaexcH ropasno name, neM pyccKoe cjidBO 3K3a!VieH.
3K3aMeH dbiBaex xdnbKO b KOHue HexBepxw, ceMecxpa mjim rdaa. KpoMe xord, ^
Md}KHo Ha3Baxb 3K3aMeH0M midterm. BpeMH, Koraa Mjiyx SKsaMCHbi, HasbiBaexca
«3K3aMeHauMdHHa5i ceccMfl». Bo speMa ceMecxpa Sbisaiox nwcbMenHbie KOHxpdnbHbie
paSdxbi MJTM ycxHbie saHexbi. 3a saMex odbiwHO He cxaBax oxMexKy, a cxasax
«3aHex/He3aMex».

JJ,HU Hdiueii yKU3HU cmo deenmb 109

XeaTiiT 3aHiiMaTbC5i
PeSflTa. XBHTHT 3aHHMaTI>Cfl.
nom.iM o6eaaTb.
CeMMac-ceilqac. Expressing absence
51 nasy.
To.ibKo laKOHMv
CKo.ibKO Te6e ocTa.iocb crpaHim? Her + the genitive case or its conversational
Td.ifaKO Tpii a63aLia.
variant Hery + the genitive case express
A MHe erne Hy:«;HO npocMOTpexb KOHcneKT.
absence. The English equivalent of these
Hto Bbi Tax TopdniiTecb? floneMy?
constructions is often there isn't any. . .,
Ha 3T0H Heae.ie KOHxpd.ibHasi pa6dTa.
Tbi MTO. 3a5bi.i/a?
there aren ' t any . . . Hctv is used in

Ha 3Toii Heae.ie Hery KOHTpo.ibHon. spoken, but not in written Russian.

Ona 5yaeT Ha cneayiomeii neaene.

npaBja?
nom.iM o5eaaTb!

4-8 Ilpiir.iauieHiie. Mto Bbi CKi'AieTe. ec.ui ebi xoxHTe npiirnacnxb jpyien noHTM:

1. o6eaaTb B KHHO 5. B 6acceiiH

2. B 5n6.iiioTeKy B 6aHK 6. K ce5e aoMoii

4-9 noroBopHM o ce6e. CnpocMTe npyr apyra.

npoHHTaxb H nponecTb
1. y Bac CKopo 6yaeT KOHTpdnbHaa paddxa?
B pa3roBdpe name vTioTpeo-iHexcH
Ha 3TOM Heae.ie? Ha c.ienyiomeH? B KaKdii aenb?
r.iard.inpoHecxb (npoMxy. npoMxyr;
2. CKd.ibKo crpaHMu (maB. khhf) Ba.M Haao
npoHCJi. npoM.ia). Ho b nwcbMeHHOH
npowecTb (npoMHTaxb) na 3Toii Heje.ie?
peMH qame ynoxped.x^excfl npoHMxaTb.

Il3 jHeBHiiKa KaTii

8 HOJiSpfl. HHTHHUa

CerojHa 6bi.a saMeMaTenbHbiii ncHb. noiixM Ha KOHuepx. Ona CKasajia,

fl

51 Bcrajia neTBepTb BOCbMoro. sbinMna qxo Md:»cex 3aexaxfa 3a mhom.

Kd4>e B Ka4)eTepMH u noui.ia Ha
jieKUHK) no BwciueH MareMaTUKe.
MOM .iio6HMbii1 npejMCT. y Hac cobccm
MOioadii npenojaBaTc.ib. Ona TO.ibKO
MTO OKOHMM.ia acmipaHTvpy h
npenoaacT nepsbiii roa. OHa 3acTaB.iaeT
Hac MHoro laHHMaxbCH. ho h hc
>ica.iyiocb. noTOM
y mchh 6bi.T vpoK
aHniiMCKoro «3biKa h npynie laHSTMfl.
BeMepoM Mbi c MapKOsi co6npa.nncb b
KMHO. HO OH He nOlBOHM.T. H 3 yAii
Sofl.iacb. MTO 6yay ciuexb advia. Ho Bapyr
noiBOHH.ia MapwH h cnpocH.ia. He xoMy .in
KOHUepX KOHMH.ICH
3to no-ixBenaxuaxoro. h mw homxh qac
exann xomom. y;«e no.inepBoro. ITopa
no>KHXbca cnaxb. 3aBxpa y Mena
cxd.ibKO xe.i! 51 ao.i^KHa Becb xenb
paSdxaxb na KOMnbKJxepe b
KOMnbKSxepHOM ueHXf)e neMaxaxb —
pe4)epaT. A BCMepoM h hxv na xenb
po:»cxeHHfl. H MHe eme Haao crbe3aiixb
B Mara3HH 3a noxapKOM. Haxeiocb. mxo y
Mapxa Bce b nopajKe.

110 cmo decRirib Fjiaed 4

4-10 KaK Kara ni'iuieT? ^ailTe pyccKne 3KBHBajieHTbi.

1. I got up at 7:15. 7. It's eleven thirty.

2. Calculus is my favorite subject. 8. It's time to go to bed.

3. She makes us work a lot. 9. I have so much to do.
4. Then I had other classes. 10. I hope Mark is all right.

5. We were going to see a movie in the evening. 11. I have to go get a present
6. She could pick me up. 12. I'm not complaining.

4-11 KaTfl II Bbl. BcnOMHMTe TCKCT.

1. noMe.My KaTH niimex: "CerdnHa 6bin la.MeqaTe.ibHbiH jieHb"? jUaiire xpn npwMepa
(examples) m
ee nHesHUKa. A y sac ewepa 6bi.T xopouiMM jieHb? y:«:acHbiM?
laMewaTe-ibHwii? OoMeMy? Zlailxe rpn npnsiepa.
2. KaKHe y KaTu .iio5HMbie npcAMexbi? Ay Bac?

ynumbCJihaHUMdmbCJilyHumblzomdeumbai

Ec.iH Bbi ciymaeje Kypcbi b By3e (T.e.. e vHiiBepciiTeTe. b K6n7iefl:4ce, b

MHCTMTyxe. B KOHcepBaxopnii h t.h.). Bbi vHiixecb. Ec.in Bbi ciymaexe mhofo
KypcoB, BaM HyjKHO MHoro 3aHifMaxbc$i. qxdSbi no.xyMaxb xopduine oxmcxkm.
Ho BCMepaM a oSumho BaHifviaiocb b SuG.iMOxeKe, a Moii apyr MapK
BaHiiMaercH y ceSa b KONmaxe. MapK y:«:e xopouid roBopnx no-pyccKii. noxoMV
Mxo OH VMH.i pyccKuil 5i3biK 4 fdna b iiiKd.ie. A a b mKd.ie yMH.i/a ncnancKnil fl3biK.
3aBxpa y nac dyaex KOHxpd.ibHaa no pyccKOMy fl3biKy, m Mbi c MapKOM peuiMJiii
roTOBiiTbCfl K Heii BMecxe. KaK a y^e CKaia-ia. mbi oSumho aaHiiviaeMca oxae.ibHO,
HO K KOHxpd.ibHbiM paddxaM n 3K3aMeHaM mbi qacxo roTOBiiMCfl ONiecxe.

4-12 yHHTb, yHHTbCH, 3aHiiMaTbCH. YnoxpcoHxe nojxojHLUnii mardji.

51 B MocKdBCKOM yHMBcpcHxexe Ha 4)aKynbxexe jimhfbmcxmkm.

B flexcxBe h aHr.xMMCKHM 5i3biK B uiKOJie M, KpoMe xord.
c yMMxejicM flOMa. 9{ Ha

xpexbeM Kypce, n MHe npnxojiMxcfl mhofo . a 3X0 HenerKO.

noxoMy Mxo mtw . a BenepoM paddxara. Panbuie ecnn xbi nonyMan

cxMneHUHK). Md:»:Ho dbino xd.xbKO , a ccHHac Hy^HO paddxaxb,

jXdLme. ecjiM y xeda ecxb cxMneHjiMsi. Hy, HMMerd He nonejiaeiub! TaKOBa XMSHb.

4-13 KaK CKasaxb no-pyccKH? ^afixe pyccKwe 3KBMBaiieHXbi.

1 . 1 have to study a lot this semester.

2. I studied French (Spanish. German) at school.

3. I always study by myself.

4. I'm studying for a test.

JHhU HdlUeU JKU3HU cmo oduHHadifamb 111

rOBOPHTE nPABHJltHOI

Okohhcihusi cyu^ecmeumeAbHbix e podumeAhHOM nadeotce

MHODtcecmeeHHOzo hucacl

The genitive plural form of nouns depends on the shape of the nominative singular form.

• The genitive plural ending is zero (#) for nouns that have a vowel ending in the
nominative singular.

HMeHHXeJIbHblM PoflMTejibHbiii Notes

MH. H.
^ Soft paired consonant is indicated.
^Nouns like jieKUMfl and ijxiHue have
KBapTMp-a KBapxMp stems ending in -u. Only the vowel
raaex-a raacT sound is dropped:

# 6yKB-a 6yKB JlCKUMM-a ^ neKUMM-^

Hefleji-» m Hej?ejib^ 3flaHMM-e m sflaHMM-^
JieKUM-H m neKi^MM^

MeCT-0 MeCT

The genitive plural ending is -eu

HivieHMTejibHbiii PoauTejibHbiM
for nouns with a nominative
MH. M.
singular form ending in a "husher"
or -b. The ending -en can be Bpaq BpaM-eii
stressed or unstressed. KapaHflam KapaHflam-eM
TOBapMUI xoBapum-eii
nMcaxejib nwcaxeji-eii
CM
yMHTejib » yMMxen-eii M
flBepb
Mbllllb Mbiui-eii
Maxb Max-ep-CM

112 cmo dGenddi^amb Fjiaed 4

 • The genitive plural ending is -obZ-cb for nouns with a nominative singular form ending
in -if or a hard consonant other than a "husher".

Notes
PIivieHiiTejibHuji POflMTCJlbHWii
mm ea. H. MH. H. ^Spelling rules apply.

CTon C OjI
1 OB 2 OB CB after stems ending in -n
CTyACHT » CTyjieHT-OB
iiputpcccop npo4)eccop-dB
-OB OT|e|u otu-6b 9
-CB yKpaMH|e|q yKpaMHU-CB* H
My3eM Myae-eB^
Ka4)eTepMM Kacljexepn-eB^

4-14 IlpoBepbTe ce6H. Cksltkutq, fjxq mcfo mhofo.

06pa3im: KHMra m B SnSjiMOTeKe mhopo khmf.

CTon m B KOMHaxe mhofo ctojiob.
nMcarenb m B IleHH-KJiySe mhofo nMcaxejieii.
TMTapa Knioq ABepb MeCTO Bemb
KpOBaTb Kny6 SonbHMua 3Ta:»: py5nb
fleno Mecflu KOHBepT cjiOBapb MaJlbMHK
rocTMHima nopT43ejib rancryK :«eHmMHa fldnnap
rapa»: HOM SMSnMOTCKa neHb npo^eccop
My3eii iiiKdia unmix

IlCKJiiOHeHMfl (Irregular plurals)

The genitive plural forms of nouns with irregular plurals must be memorized.

• Hpyr, CbiH, MyjK, Remember that the ending is stressed, and there is no soft sign (-b)
in the genitive plural of these words.

MivieHifTejibHbiil tjx. m. MMeHMTCibHbiii mh. h. PoaMTCJlbHUM MH. M.

apyr flpy3-b-H flpya-eii

cbm cbm-OB-b-^ CMH-OB-eft
MyiK My:ac-b-^ My:jK-eM

• Bpax, CTOJi. Remember that the ending is unstressed, and there is a soft sign (-b)
in the genitive plural of these words.

liMeHMTejibHbiM eji. m. MMeHHxejibHbiii mh. h. PoUHXejlbHblif MH. H.

5paT 6pax-b-« 6paT-b-eB

cxyn cxyn-b-fl cxyji-b-ee

nduieu yKUJHU cmo mpuHadi^amb 113

 • MMfl, BpcMH. Remember that these nouns add -en- before all endings and that they have
a zero (#) ending in the genitive plural.

MMeHMTejibHbiii ea. h. MMeHMxejibHbiii mh. h. PoAMxejibHbiii mh. h.

MMH MM-CH-a MM-CH

BpeMa BpeM-CH-a BpeM-en

• HejioBCK, peOcHOK, cocea. Remember that cocen becomes a soft-stem noun in the plural.

MMeHMxejibHbiif en. h. MMeHMxejibKbiii mh. h. PoflMxejibHbiii mh. h.

HenoBCK nroflM mofl-eii

pe5eH|o|K flexM nex-eii
coceji coceflM cocefl-eii

4-15 IIpoBepbTe ce6^. flocxaBbxe cjioBa b HMeHHxejibHOM h pojiHxejibHOM naxie:ac:e.

ynoxpe5Hxe MHOiacecxBeHHoe mhcjio.

apyr nojipyra cmh noMb cxyn 6pax

pe6eH0K 5pax cocea mm5I Myx HejiOBCK

riocrapaiiTecb ne 3a6MTi>!

OAHH ABa naxb

ABaauaxb ojjhh pa3 XpH pa3a flecaxb
CXO OAHH } qexbipe } MHoro pas
CKOJIbKO
HeCKOJIbKO }

Berjibie rjiacHbie (Fill vowels)

Fill vowels are inserted in the genitive plural form of nouns that take a zero ending if this form
ends in a consonant cluster.

aeByuiK-a fleeyuiCK OKHO OKOH ceMb-H CCMCM

The purpose of a fill vowel is to break up a consonant cluster that is difficult to pronounce.
You have already seen fill vowels in the nominative singular of some cxoji-type nouns (oxeu,
yKpawHeu), in the masculine short form of some adjectives (adji^eH/aojiiKHa, 66jieH/5ojibHa),
and in the nominative masculine form of the possessive interrogative Meii/Mbsi/Hbe.

IIpaBHJia (Rules)

1 . If the consonant cluster contains a velar (k, r, or x), the fill vowel is -o-.

ocxanoBKa ocxanoBOK KyXHH KyxoHb (soft-H- is indicated)

nojiKa nojiOK OKHO OKOH

Remember that spelling rules apply after hushers and ii (unstressed o m e).

ACByuiKa aeByuiCK KoneMKa KonecK (Koneii+OK ^ KoneeK)

flCBOHKa AeBOHCK

114 cmo HembipHadifamb Fjiaed 4

 .

2. Otherwise the fill vowel is -e- (e if stressed before a hard consonant). A soft sign (-b-)
in the middle of a consonant cluster is replaced with -e-.

nwcbMO nHceM
AeHbFH flCHer
cecTpa cecTcp
jiepeBHa aepeeeHb (soft-H- is indicated)
CBMHbfl CBMHCM (-b- m
h; -e- inserted before -n)

4-16 IlpoBepbTe ceSfl. nocxaBbxe cjiosa b HMeHHxe/ibHOM

H po;iHTe/ibHOM mjiQyKe. YnoxpeGHTe MHOiacecTBCHHoe hhcjio.

06pa3eu: flCByiuKa - jieByuiKii - AeeyuieK; okho - okhh - okoh; nsepb - jteepn - jteepeii

aHrnimaHKa aMepMKaHKa 4)paHuy^eHKa SyxbiJiKa cxpoMKa

BHyqKa MaiuKa ACBO^Ka cnwMKa cnoBO
nnacTMHKa CMrapeTa cecrpa y^iMxenbHMua 5yKBa
MeCTO MrpyiiiKa cxaxbH UepKOBb nojiKa

ynompeffjimue podumejibHoeo nadeMa nocjie uucjiumejibHbix

• When a number + noun combination is the subject of a sentence, the number is in the
nominative case.
nominative nominative nominative
Ha cxojie jie>KajiH ojxhh :»:ypHaji, jiBe khmfh h jiecmb KapaHflamefl.

• Use the nominative singular of a noun after the special modifier 1 (ohuh, ojiHa, ohho)
and numbers ending in 1

1 »:ypHaji (omn «;ypHaii) 41 KHwra (copoK oflHa KHwra)

1 KHMra (o^Ha KHwra) 101 pySnb (cto oamh py6jib)

• Use the genitive singular of a noun after the numbers 2 (flea, flee), 3 (xpn), 4 (Mexbipe)
and numbers ending in 2, 3, 4.

2 :»cypHajia (flea jKypnajia) 102 pySna (cto ^ea py6ji»)

2 KHMni (flee khmfm) 102 khmfm (cto aee khmfm)

• Use the genitive plural of a noun after all other numbers.

5 KHMr KHMr)
(njiTb 20 py6neM (fleaauaTb pySjieii)
11 qacoB (oflMHHaAuaTb nacoB) 100 cxyzjeHxoB (cto CTy^eHTOB)

• Use the genitive singular of a noun after CKOJibKO (how much), mhofo (much, a lot,

many), HCMHoro (few, a little, some, enough to suffice) and Majio (too little, not

enough) for things that are not countable.

MHoro paOoTbi Majio BpeivieHM
HCMHOrO BOAbi MHOrO OflC^Abl

• Use the genitive plural of a noun after CKOJibKO (how many), uecKOjibKO (several),
MHoro, HCMHoro, Majio for things that are countable.

MHoro apyaeii necKOJibKO raacT CKOJibKO CTyacHTOB

/Jhu Hdiueu yKU3Hu cmo HMFtiHadifamb 115

 • Use the special genitive plural form HCJioeeK (persons) with ckojilko, HecKOJibKO
and with numbers that require genitive plural forms.

— Ckojilko xaM 6uno hcjiobck? "How many persons were there?"

— TaM Sbinol TonbKO hcckojibko hcjiobck. "Just a few."
— TaM 5biJio n«Tb HejioecK. "There were five people there
"

Use the regular genitive plural form jiioaeM {people) with MHoro and Majio.

Bo BpeMfl BOMHM hofmSjio mhofo jnoflCM. A lot of people perished during the war

4-17 ripoBcpbTe cc6fl. KaK bbi CKa:»ceTe

2 - KHMPa 4 - cjiOBapb 2 - MM5I 5 - jipyr -5 3Ta}K

3 - Kypc 25 - pySnb - jieKUMfl
3 2 - My3eii 18 - MenoBCK
2 - noxipyra 7 - HMCbMO 21 - nMCbMO 21 - cxpaHMua 3 - cecxpa
5 - MecTO 34 - flojinap 7 - nwcaxejib 3 - 6paT 14 - KOMHaxa
3 - nejiOBCK 10 - ropoji 5 - noM 2 - 3TaiK

4-18 Bbi Md^KCTC 3T0 CKaaaxb no-pyccKH? flaMxe pyccKwe 3KBMBajieHTbi.

1. They have a lot of friends. 5. I write a lot of letters.

2. We don't have much time. 6. I have too much work.
3. He/she has a lot of clothes. 7. I have a lot to do.
4. My brothers and sisters have a lot of children. 8. You drink a lot of water.

^^-^
4-19 PaccKa^HTC npyr apyry. Bbi rojibKo mto BepnynMCb c paiHbix saHaxMM. CKa:«:MTe
apyr Apyry Ha KaKMx saHflTwax bbi Sbijim m ckojilko xaM 6biJio qenoBCK.

npHJiaraxejibHbie h MecxoHMCHHii-npHjiaraTejibHbie

HMend npujiaedmejibHbie g podumejibHOM nadeMe MHOMecmeeHHoeo nucjid

REGULAR STEMS SOFT STEMS

HOB-LIX KaK-MX pyCCK-MX BCMepH-MX

-blX
-MX n66p-Lix 6onLiii-MX ropan-MX nocneflH-MX
MO.noa-Lix xopdui-MX yrpeHH-MX

4-20 rTpOBCpLTC Ce5fl. OoCTaBbTe cjDpaBbl B HMCHHTeJIbHOM H poaHXeJlbHOM UdLRQ^KQ.

YnoxpeSuxe MHo^ecxBCHHoe mhcjio.

Odpaseu: cxapiuMw 5pax m cTapuiMC SpaxLH ^ cxapuiMx OpaxLCB

CKyMHbiii yMMxe.HL pyccKHM acuMpanx MHOcxpaHHLiii ablik
MHxepecHaa ncKixm y:»cacHbn"i 3K3aMeH smmhah HOMb
jiexHMM flCHb MajieHbKMM pe5eH0K nd6pbiM hcjiobck
HacxoamMM apyr uiyMHLiM cocen pyccKasi acnwpaHXKa

'Note the neuter singular agreement in this past-tense construction of this type.

116 cmo uiecntHddifamb fjiaed 4

 .

MecmouMeHun-npujiaedmejibHbie
G podumejibHOM nadeyke 3T-IfX T-ex
-MX
MHOMecmeeHHoeo uucjid 0/IH-HX Bc-ex
MO-HX Ham-HX
-ex
TBO-HX BaUJ-HX
CBO-MX

4-21 IlpoBepbTe ccSh. IlocTaBbTe (jDpasbi b HMeHHxejibHOM nafle:»ce h poAHxejibHOM

naAe:«;e. YnoTpeGHxe MH6:«;ecTBeHHoe hhcjio.

Odpaseu: cTapiiiMM 6paT ^ cxapuiMe 6paTb5i ^ cxapuiMX Spaxbee

3Ta MHTepecHafl flCByuiKa xaKOM CKyHHbiM qenoBCK Bam oxeu

3Ta nocnenHafl paGoxa Bama cxapmaa cecxpa Bam flCAymKa
Kama MnaamaH aoMb XBOM HOBbiM pyccKMM flpyr yxpeHHHH rasexa
Bam cxapiuMM 5pax xa cepbesHaa cxyjjeHXKa xox HCMeu
xBOflHOBaa pyccKaa no^pyra 3X0X fldSpbIM BpaM 3XOX pyccKMM qenoBCK
3X0X cepbesHbiM cxyaeHx 3X0X MacxHbiM Konjieflx 3xa pyccKaa «:eHmMHa
Ham HOBbiM coceA xaKOM nnoxdii peSeHOK Bam MjiaflmMii cmh

4-22 yHMBepcMTeTCKaa >Kii3Hb. Use the words mhofo or HecKOJibKO to describe your life at school.

Odpaseii: flJiMHHbie ypoKM y Mena ecxb HecKOJibKO (MHoro) AJiMHHbix ypoKoe.

xpyflHaa rjiaBa 9{ fldn»ceH/AOii:«:Ha npo^Mxaxb HecKOJibKO (iviHoro) xpy^Hbix rjiae.

1. xpyAHbie 3aHflXMfl 4. MHxepecHbie hckumm 7. xdncxbie khmfm

2. jiaSopaxdpHbie paddxbi 5. KypcoBbie pa6dxbi 8. xopdmne npysbfl
3. oxjiMMHbie npo4)eccopa 6. cnopxMBHbie MaxHW 9. flJiwHHbie penexwuMM

4-23 Koro xaivi He Sbijio? YnoxpeGHxe MHO^cecxBeHHoe mhcjio,

06pa3eu: ero cxapmHH 6pax ^ TaM He 6bijio ero cxapuiHX Spaxbee.

1. MOM xopdmMM flpyr 5. Bama Mnaamaa ^OHb 8. ero cxapmaa cecxpa

2. Hama modMiviaji npenoflasaxenbHHua 6. xox HdBbiM acHMpanx 9. MX cxapbiM ACflymKa
3. Ham nioSMMbiM npenoaaBaxenb 7. MOfl cxapafl noflpyra 10. xa HdBaa acnnpanxKa
4. MX MJiaflmMM 6pax

ynompe6jieHue npujiaedmejibHbix nocjie HucjiumejibHbix

When a number + modifier + noun combination is the subject of a verb, the number is in the

nominative case.

• Use the nominative singular of a modifier after 1 (oamh, OAHa, oflnd) and numbers
ending in 1

nominative sing, nominative sing.

omn pyccKHH xypnaji cxo o;iHH pyCCKHH CXy^CHX

nominative sing. nominative sing.

OflHa pyccKa>i KHHra copoK o^Ha pyccKa^i KHHra

/Jhu ndiueu mushu cmo ceMHddifamb 117

 • Use the nominative plural of a modifier after the numbers 2 (flee), 3 (rpM), and
4 (HCTbipe) and numbers ending in 2 (jjee), 3. and 4 when they qualify feminine nouns.

nom. pi. gen. sg. nom. pi. gen. sg.

jXBt cxapuiHe cecTpbi Tpn Gojibuiiie ceMbu

nam. pi. gen. sg. nom. pi. gen. sg.

/IBC orpoMHbie cxpaHbi CTO TpH HOBbie CXy^eHTKH

Use the genitive plural of a modifier after all other numbers including 2 (flea), 3 (xpn), and 4
(HCTbipe) and numbers ending in 2 (nea), 3. and 4 when they qualify masculine or neuter nouns.

gen. pi. gen. sg. gen.pl. gen.pl.

nea pyccKHX jKypHajia n^Tb CKyHHbix KHHr

gen. pi. gen. sg. gen. pi. gen. pi.

qexbipe HOBbix CTyaeHxa CTO mecTb HOBbix cTyneHTOK

4- 24 OpoBepbTe ceSfl. Bbi xopomo cmnicTQ (count) no-pyccKH?

2-- pyCCKHM CTyaCHT 2 - pyccKaa CTynenTKa 4 - .aerKMM npenMCT

5-- TpynHbui 3K3aMeH 7 - HOBaa acniipaHTKa - aMepuKaHCKMM nncaTenb
3
10 - inBecTHbiil yHMBepcMTCT 2- KpeaHTHaa KapTOMKa 3 - Tpynnoe mmh
2-- HOBbiii cocefl 3 - OTJiMMHbiM npocjjeccop 2 - Mjiajiiiiaa cecTpa
2-- CTapiunil 6paT 3 - B3p6cnbIM CUH 2 - Bipdcjiaa flOMb

• Nouns derived from adjectives (yHCHbiii, eaHHafl, KOHTpojibHaa, CTOJiOBaa) behave

like modifiers after numbers.

gen. pi. gen. pi.

2 (jiBa), 3, 4 pyccKHx yweubix 2,3,4 Russian scholars/ scientists

nom. pi. nom. pi.

2 (use), 3, 4 cTyzieHHecKne CTOJiOBbie 2,3,4 student cafeterias

gen.pl. g<^>ipl-

5, 40, 100 CTyflCHHeCKHX CTOJlOBblX 5,40, 100 student cafeterias

• After CKOiibKO, MHoro, HCMHoro, HecKOJibKo and viajio, modifiers agree with the
nouns they qualify.

gen. sg. gen. sg. gen. pi. gen. pi.

MHoro CKyMHoii paooTbi MHoro CHMnaTHMHbix ztpy3eH

gen. sg. gen. sg. gen. pi. gen. pi.

MHoro rpH3H0H o;ie«;ibi HecKOJibKo pyccKHX ra3eT

gen. sg. gen. sg. gen.pl gen.pl.

MHoro rpH3H0H nocyflbi CKOJIbKO HHOCTpaHHblX CTyHCHTOB

118 ana ooceMHCtdiiamb rjiaod 4

4-25 IlpoBepbTe ce5fl. Bbi xopomo cqHTaexe no-pyccKH?
2 - M3BecTHbiM yqcHbiM 3 - fljiMHHafl naSopaxdpHaa 2 - Sonbiuaa eaHHaa
4 - jierKaa KOHTpdnbHaa 3 - CTyfleHMecKaa CTonoBaa 21 - pyccKWM yqcHbiii
10 - MancHbKoe ^KnBOTuoe 1 - xpyflHaa KOHxponbHaji

^ BHHHTejibHbiH na;ie%

Okohhuhusi cymecmeumeAbHhix e euHumeAiHOM nadejtce

MHOJtcecmeeHHozo hucau

All animate nouns and their modifiers, regardless of their gender in the singular, have the same
forms in the accusative plural that they have in the genitive plural.

3TMX CTyaCHTOB M CTVaCHTOK?

TbI 3HaeilIb
Koro? 9{oneHb jik)ojik5 KOuieK m co6aK. Boo6me si jik)5j1k5 Bcex miieoTHbix.
Mbi xopomo 3HaeM mx flOHepeii.

4-26 IlpoBepbTe ceSa. Bbi Sunn b loonapKe. KaxMX jkmbothmx bm BMflenw? YnoTpeSMTe
(j36pMbi MHd:»:ecTBeHHoro HMcna. JXsmiq. ndnnbie OTBCTbi.

06pa3eif: MajiCHbKaH nxHua m Mbi BHjiejiH MajieHbKHX nxHU.

SojibiudM jieB CTpaiuHbiM XMrp seneHbiii KpoKoawji

orpdMHbiM cnoH »:eiiTbni nonyraii ManeHbKaa o5e3bHHa (monkey)
XlJiMHHaa 3Mefl jiMKaa (wild) coSaxa 5ejibm MenBCflb (hear)

nocTapaiiTecL ne 3a6wTb!
In the singular only animate masculine CTOJi-type nouns have an accusative form :|

with the same endings as the genitive form. All raaexa-type nouns, including 1
those denoting persons and animals, have an accusative form ending in -v7-io.
All OKHO-type and asepb-type nouns have accusative singular forms that coin-
cide with the nominative singular form.

Nom. sg. Bam npyr Bama cecxpa 3tox My^nwHa xaKoe :«MBdxHoe sama iioqb
Acc. sg. eamero npyra Baiiiy cecxpy 3xoro My:«:MMHy xaKoe ^mboxhoc eamy jiomb
Acc. pi. BaujMX npyseii BauiMX cecxep ixnx My;«qMH xaKMX :»;MBc5xHbix Baiuiix aoqepeii

Accusative forms of numbers and words denoting quantity

• Remember that the number 1 (oumh, oana, ound) is a special modifier and takes regular
special modifier endings.

^ KyoHji/a OflHy KHwry (ABafluaxb omy KHMry).

/Jhu Hduieii tkushu cmo deGMmnddifamb 119

 • When numbers flea (flee), xpn and Mexbipe quahfy inanimate nouns, they have the
the
same form in the accusative case that they have in the nominative.

51 KyuHJi/a flee khmfm m xpM :»cypHana.

• The numbers aea (flee), xpM and Hexbipe have special accusative animate forms when they
quahfy an animate noun. The animate noun that they quahfy is in the accusative plural form.

Mbi TaM BMflenM aeyx cxyaeuxoK m nexbipex cxyneuxoB.

^ xopomo 3HaK) erd xpex Opaxbce m erd xpex cecxep.
• Other numbers (5 and higher), including those that end in 2, 3, or 4, do not change
form in the accusative case.

y Herd HHXb dpaTbCB m uHXb cecxep. H xopomo snaio erd njixb Spaxbee m naxb cecxep.

• The qualifiers CKOJibKO, cxojibKO, uecKOJibKO, mhofo do not change form in the accusative case.

^ 3HaK) MHoro xopduiMx, flddpbix niojx&m.

Mbi BMflenw Ha neKUMw uecKOJibKO hoblix CTyaeHTOB.
Ona noflasajia laaBneHMJi b HecKOJibKO yHMBepcMTexoB.

4-27 PacuMcaHMe. YnorpedHTe MHCJiHxe/ibHbie.

1. BauiM apy3ba mto y hmx oHCHb xH:«:ejTbiM ceMecxp. Box hxo mm naflo Aenaxb.
«;aiiyioxc5i,

Odpaseu: 2-6onbiiiafl[ KOHXpdnbHaa paddxa

Mm HaAO HanHcaxb aee Sojibuiile KOHxpojibUbie pa66xbi.

a. 5 - xpyflHaa KOHxpdjibnasi paddxa r. 3- xfl:«;enbiM 3K3aMeH
6. 4 - flJiMHHaa KypcoBaa jx. MHdro - Ba«:HbiM 3aMex
B. 6 - donbuiaa KHMra
2. A xenepb paccKa^Mxe o cbocm pacnMcanMM b 3xom ceMecxpe (e axoii HexBepxM).
YnoxpedHxe HHCJiHxe/ibHbie h cjiOBa MHoeo h mujio.

4-28 IlpoBepbxe ce6H. FIocxaBbxe b Hy^KHoft 4)dpMe.

1. Mbi xaM BMjiejiM (xBOM HdBbie Jipy3bfl).

2. 51 yxe 3Haio (Bce HauiM ndsbie pyccKwe cxa:«;epbi).
3. ripwrjiacMxe (Bce Bamw niodMMbie npo(})eccopa) Ha Ham BCMep.
4. ^ BM«y (xBOM pyccKwe coceflM) KiTKjihm jxeuh.
5. 51xopomd 3HaK) (ee dpaxbJi m cecxpu).
6. Tbi3Haemb (sxm c{)paHuy3bi m HCMUbi)?
7. BMepa Mbi xoahjih b 3oonapK. Mbi BMjjejiM (orpoMHbie chohm, snbie jibBbi, CMemHbie
dereMoxbi m, kohchho, cxpamnue KpoKominbi).
8. AMepMKaHUbi Macxo nocbmaiox (cbom aexw) b flexcKMw jiarepb (camp) na Jiexo.
9. CerdaHfl b yHMBepciixexe a Bwaen/a (Bamw cbiHOBba).

4-29 Kord Bbi auaexe? CKa:»cHxe no-ApyroMy.

06pa3eii: Y nerd flBa dpaxa. ^ 51 3Haio erd aeyx Gpaxbee.

y nee naxb cecxep. » 51 3HaK) ee OHXb cecxep.

1. y nee xpM dpaxa. 3. y nerd aee cecxpu. 5. y nee qexbipe fldnepM.

2. y HMX njixb cbiHOBCM. 4. y nee xpM noApyrM. 6. y nerd Ana Apyra.

120 cmo deddifaitib Fjiaed 4

4-30 Herd y eac hct? Hto 6bi Bbi xotcjth HMexb? HasoBHxe naxb Bemeil.

Odpaseu: Y mcha hct xopouiero KOMnbiOTepa. 5{ 6bi xoren/a WMexb HOBbiM KOMnbroxep.

^ Fjiaroji: ynoTpe6jieHHe bhjiob b npome;;meM BpeMeHH (2)

Verbs denoting reversible or undoable actions

The following verbs denote actions whose result can be undone or annulled. You probably
already know most of them and their antonyms.

6paxb/B3flXb flasaxb/flaxb to take <r^ to give

BKJUOMaXb/BKHIOMMXb BblKJTIOHaXb/BblKJlIOMMXb to turn on to turn off
npilXOflHXb/npMMXM yxoiinxb/yilxM to come <r^ to leave
BXOflHXb/BOiiXM BblXOflHXb/BblMXM to enter <r^ to exit

saxoflHXb/saiixH yxoflHXb/yMxM to drop in (on) <r^ to leave

no>KMXbCfl/neqb Bcxasaxb/Bcxaxb to lie down to get up
caflMXbCfl/cecxb BcxaBaxb/Bcxaxb to sit down <r^ to get up
npMe3»:axb/npMexaxb ye3^axb/yexaxb to arrive to depart
OXKpblBaXb/oXKpblXb saKpbiBaxb/saKpuxb to open to close

Verbs describing one-time actions

When referring to a one-time action, the past tense imperfective forms of these verbs
indicate that the action occurred but its result is no longer in force. Past tense perfective
forms usually indicate that the result is still in force.

MapK, noKa xbi 6eraji, npHxojiHJia Kaxa. Mark, Katya came by while you were
out running (but she's gone).

MapK, npMuijia Kaxa, xonex c xo6dii noroBopMXb. Mark, Katya' s come by, she wants
to speak to you.

OxKyna y Bac 3xa KHiira? Die Bbi ee bshjim? Where did you get that book?

y MCHH yyKe Hex 3xom khm™. H ee 6paji/a I don't have that hook any more. I checked it

B 5M5niioxeKe. out of the library (and returned it).

4-31 Biijj rjiarojia. Cnpocwxe m cKaacMxe.

KaK Gbi cnpocume?

1. If Mark stopped by this afternoon while you were in class.

2. If Katya has left for the movies.

3. Who closed all the windows in the room. (They are closed.)
4. Why he/she has gotten up so early.
5. Why he/she has gone to bed so early.
6. Who turned on the TV (it's on).
7. If he/she opened the door (it's open).

/IhU HdlUeU TKUJUU cmo dedditamb oduH 121

KaK Gbi cKd'jKeme?

1. That your friends went to Moscow last summer (they're back now),
2. That you've checked an interesting book out of the library.

3. That the book you had last week you'd checked out of the library.
4. That you arrived late because you stopped by to see a friend.

5. That you had the window open for a few minutes (na HecKonbKO MMHyx).
6. That you had the TV on for an hour last night.
7. That you left your room for a few minutes this morning.
8. That some friends from Russia have come to visit you.

Verbs describing sequential actions and actions whose result

is not reversed immediately

Perfective forms of these verbs are used in describing sequential actions or when the time of
an action whose result is not reversed immediately is mentioned.

MapK npniueji aomom, cen b Kpecno, Mark came home, sat down in his chair,

OTKpbiJi KHiiry M Hanaji MMxaTb.
BMepa Kaxa npnuiJia jxouom ndsAHO,
Bnepa HwHa Bcxajia pano, b 5 yrpa.
opened his book, and began reading.
b 11 MacoB. Katya got home late yesterday, at 11 o'clock
(and stayed home).
Yesterday Nina got up early, at 5 a.m.
(and stayed up).

4-32 ripoBepbTe ce6fl. CnpocHxe h cKa:».Hxe.

KaK ebi cnpocume?

1. What time your friend got up this morning.
2. What time your friend went to bed last night.
3. What time you friend left home this morning.

KaK ebi CKdjfceme?

1 . That yesterday you came home, fixed supper, had supper, and went to bed.
2. Your company (rdcTM) who was supposed to come at 7 o'clock arrived only at 9.

3. You had company last night.

4. Your friends from Russia arrived last week.

5. Your friends from Russia left last week.

Verbs describing round trips that have already taken place

Use the past tense verb forms xo;iHJi/a - e3flMji/a to describe a single round trip that has
already taken place.

BMepa MapK c Kaxeii xomnu b kmho. Mark and Katya went to the movies yesterday.
B cy55dxy ohm cshmjim 3a ropofl. They drove to the country on Saturday.

122 cmo daddif amb doa Fjiaed 4

 .

He xoaH/i/a vs. He noiiie.T ne nom.ia

He eBjH.T/a vs. ne noexaji/a

Negated past-tense forms of imperfective verbs indicate that there was never any intent to
f)erform the action. Negated past-tense forms of perfective verbs indicate that an expected
action or its resuh did not take place.

Mbi He xoaii.iH Ha 3tot 4)ji.ibM. We didn't go to that movie (and \\ e didn't plan on doing so).
Mbi He noui.iH na 3tot 4)H.ibM. We didn't go to that movie (although we were going to).

4-33 AHa.iii3. OotflCHirre paiHiiuy Nieaciy i npexio:5Ke H Hfl Mil

1. KaTfl II MapK noin.iH Ha KOHuepT. Kara ii MapK xojBsm na KOHuepT.

2. Mbi B3H.1H 3T1I KHIini B 6H5.1IIOTeKe. Mbi 6pa.iM 3TW KHiini e 6ii6.iii0TeKe.
3. MapK He npHine.i. MapK He npHxojiLi.
4. K HQM npnexa.iH apy3bH H3 Pocchh. K HaM npiie3/Ka.iH apy3ba m3 Pocchh.
5. Mbi He noin.iii b rearp. Mbi He xoaBLiH b Teaip.

4-34 BoT TaKasi ciiTvauHsi. Pasbirpafrre.

1. You "re speaking on the phone to a friend who wasn't home last night
(3axoaHTb/3ariTii)
around 9 p.m. when you stopped by. Say that you stopped by and ask your friend where
he/she was.

2. (npiie3xaTb/npiiexaTb) You can't go out tonight, because your brother from Texas has
come to visit you.

3. (ExoaHTb/BOHTii ) Somc things in your room are not in their proper place (ne na Niecre).
and you think that someone entered your room w hile you w ere out.
4. (6paTb/B3aTb) Your friend wants to borrow a book that you had, but you've already
returned it to the library.

5. (xoaiiTb - lUTii/noHTii: npnxoznrrb/npnHTH: yxjiHaTb/noyxMHarb: .loxirrbCfl/.ieHb cnaxb)

You didn't go an>Av here yesterday evening. You came home, had supper, and went to bed.
6. ( BCTaBaTb/Bcraxb) You want to know w hat time your friend got up this morning.

7. (.loxHTbca/.ieMb) Tell a friend that you went to bed at 9 o'clock last night.

8. (yxomiTb/yirnf) You've stopped by to see a friend, but he/she's gone off somewhere. .\sk
a neighbor where he/she's gone.
9. (yxoaiiTb/yHTH) You've come to see your professor, but the secretary tells you he/she's
left for the day.

10. (6paTb/B3$iTb)Your friend's books are missing. Tell him/her that you didn't take them.

11. (xoaiiTb - lUTii /noimi) A friend is inviting you to a new Russian film. Tell him/her that
you've already been to see it.

JhU HdlUeU JKU3HU cmo dedduamb mpu 123

 ^ BpeMii no HacaM (2)

1. Time on the / 11
12^\ /'^
11
12
\W
1 11 1
\ 1

half-hour
3
/lO 2\ /io
9
A
3
9

(] 5/
y V 7
ye
\7 16 V

Ckojibko BpeMCHIl? riOJIOBMHa rionoBUHa rio.noBMHa rionoBMHa

KoTopbiii nac? nepBoro. BTopdro. Tpexbero. ABeHafluaxoro.
(no.inepBoro.) (Oo-iBToporo.) (no.iTpeTbero.) (FIo^iziBeHaimaToro.)

Korjja? B no.iOBMHe B nonoBMHe B nonoBMHe B nonoBMHe

Bo CKO.HfaKO? nepBoro. BToporo. Tpexbero. jlBCHafluaxoro.
B KOTopovi Macy? (riojTnepBoro.) (riojiBToporo.) (HojiTpeTbero.) (nojiflBeHazmaxoro.)

Note the sequence of hours on the "Russian" clock. Time on the half hour is expressed as half
of the approaching hour.

3andMHHTe!
B nojiOBHHe xpexbero 3H« = at 2:30 p.m. b nonoBMHe BOCbMoro yxpa = at 7:30 a.m.
B nojTOBMHe nepBoro homm = at 12:30 a.m. b nojioBHHe BocbMoro Benepa = at 7:30 p.m.

4-35 OpoBepbTe Y Bac Swjtm rdcxw. Korjia ohm yexanM? Ilpomixaiixe BCJiyx.
^^
ce5fl.

7:30 a.m. 4:30 p.m. 3:30 a.m. 11:30 p.m. 8:30 p.m.
1:00 a.m. 11:30 a.m. 6:30 a.m. 5:30 p.m. 9:30 p.m.
12:00 a.m. 12:00 p.m. 12:30 a.m. 12:30 p.m. 2:30 p.m.

2. Time in the Time in the first half hour is expressed as the number of minutes into the
first half-hour approaching hour. Look at the examples below and note that the answers to
the questions Ckojibko epeivieHM? and Korfla?/Bo ckojibko? are the same.

Cko.ibko speMeHii? J3,Bamiaxb MMHyx jUBafluaxb naxb rijixHajmaxb MMHyx riflxb MMHyx
KoTopbiii nac? jiecHXoro. MMHyx BOCbMOrO. flCBHXOrO. flecaxoro.
(MexBepxb neBHxoro.)

Koraa? Ohh npMiujiM Ohm npMiiiJiM Ohm npMiiiJiM Ohm npMLUJiM

Bo CKO.IbKO? HBaauaxb Mnnyx flBanuaxb naxb nsixHafluaxb MMHyx nsixb MMHyx
B KOTopoM Macy? necflxoro. MMHyx BOCbMOrO. aeBHxoro. jiecRxoro.
(MexBepxb aeBflxoro.)

124 cmo doddifamb Henibipe Fjiaed 4

 ^

The answers to Ckojibko BpeivieHii? and Korfla?/Bo ckojibko? B KOTopoM Macy? are the
same when giving time in the first half hour. Some speakers, however, use the preposition b
in their answers to these questions. „, —
— Ckojibko BpeMCHM? L ^x^^3^ — Korna ohm yinjiM?
— CewMac MWHyx
flecflTb aeBflToro. \8 4/ — Ohm yuiJiM (b) aecaTb MMHyj aeBflxoro.

4-36 ITpoBepbTe ceSa. Korna npMJieTMT caMonex? IlpoHMxaMxe BCJiyx.

3:15 p.m. 4:20 p.m. 1:10 a.m. 7:05 a.m. 6:15 a.m. 8:20 p.m.
9:10 p.m. 11:20 a.m. 12:20 a.m. 12:20 p.m. 10:05 p.m. 2:17 p.m.

4-37 Koraa? CKa:>KHxe, Korxia 3xo 6yjiex.

06pa3eu: CeMMac 3.00. 51 npMjiy qepe3 5 MMHyx. 51 npHjiy n>iTb MMHyx HexBepxcro.

CcMMac 8.00. Ohm yMjiyx nepea 20 MMHyx.

CeMMac 2.00. CaMonex npMJiexMX nepes 3 MMHyxbi.
CeMMac 7.00. Mx ndein npHjiex Mepe3 25 MMHyx.
CeMMac 12.00. BbicxynneHMe naMMnaexca Mepe3 15 MMHyx.

4-38 A Ha caMOM aejie (in reality). Bbi 3Haexe, mxo sauiM Macbi cnemax na 5 MMHyx
H.iH oxcxarax na 5 MHHyx.

Odpaseu: Ha momx Macax 7.15, a na caMOM aene 7.10.

8.20; 9.10; 10.05; 1.25; 3.15; 6.20; 9.10; 3.05; 4.25; 7.10; 11.15

4-39 Korna tm npMaeiub? Pa3birpaHxe.

06pa3eu: — CeMMac ceMb Macds. Koraa npMjieuib? xbi

— Hepe3 MMHyx
flecHXb 20 MHHyx). (15.
— 3HaMMX, MMHyx BOCbMoro?
jiecflxb
— JXdi, MMHyx BOCbMoro.
flecaxb

1 . CcHMac 5 MacoB. 8. CefiMac 3.30.

2. CeiiMac 3 Maca. 9. CcHMac 6.15.

3. CeiiMac 12 MacoB. 10. CeMMac 8.20.

4. CcHMac Mac. 11. CcHMac 11.25.

5. CcHMac 10 MacoB 12. CeMMac 7.30.

6. CeMMac 4 Maca. 13. CeMMac 2.30.
7. CcHMac 8 MacoB. 14. CcHMac 9.10.

JJ,HU HdlueU JKU3HU cmo dedditantb nnmb 125

KyjibiypA

MivieHa, KOTopbie .iHaioT ece pyccKMc: CepeeiL AAeKcdngpooun Ecshuh

(1895 1925)

4-40 Bo BpeMH MTeHMfl, ripoHMTaMTe o pyccKOM no3Te Cepree EceHMHe m HaMflMTe

cneayiomyK) MH(|)opMauMK).

1. Ffle M Kor^ia EccHMH poAMncH?

2. O MCM OH nHcaji?
3. noMCMy OH HecKonbKO MecaueB yaun b AiviepMKe?
4. noMCMy OH pa3Beiicfl c TKenonl
5. KaK OH yMep?

CeprePi AneKcaHflpoBUM EceHUH nonynflpHbm pyccKi/iPi near. MHorfla ero

Ha3biBaiOT •KpecTbFiHCKUM nosTOM. EceHMH pofliPincfl B 1895 roAy b peasant
flepeBHe •nofl PflaanbKD. B cbomx cinxax oh nucaji o npupofle, o jiio6bm, HCAaneKO ot
CBoePi Maiepn n cecjpe, o pyccKoPi flepeBHe. B 1923 rofly oh >KeHMncfl
Ha aMepuKancKOM laHuoBLUMue APiceflope flynKan (Isadora Duncan).
UenbM rofl ohm nyTeiiiecTBOBann BMecre no Espone n necKO/ibKO
MecflueB >KMnn b CLLIA. EcennH ne roBopPiji no-anrriMMCKH, a flyHKan He
3Hana pyccKoro, n >Ki/iTb BMecre mm, KoneMHO, 6bmo ne/ierKo. B 1924
rofly OHM pa3BenMCb, m Ec^hmh Bepnyncfl b CoBeiCKMPi Cokds. B 1925
roflyoh noKOHMMii >KM3Hb •caMoy6MMCTBOM. CTMxoTBopeHMe «Ao suicide
CBMflaHbH, Apyr MOM, flo CBMflaHbfl...» ero nocjieflnee CTMxoTBopenMe.

4-41 IloCJie MTCHMfl.

1. noqeMy EceHWHa HasbiBaioT KpecTbflHCKMM no3TOM?

2. HaMflMTe flecHTb cnoB, KOTOpbie BaM Hy:«;Hbi, MToSbi roBopwTb o EceHMHe.
3. B HecKOJibKMx npeflJio:«;eHiiflx paccKa:»CHTe hjih HanHiiiHTe o »cm3hm EceHMHa.

4-42 CxHxoTBopeHHe. FIpoMHTaHTe h BbiyMHxe HaHsycxb.

flo CBMflaHbH, flpyr mom, flo CBMflanbH.

MMnbiM mom, Tbi y Menn b -rpyflM. chest, breast

•npeflHa3HaMeHHoe 'paccTaBaHbe predestined; parting

06eiMaeT Bcipeny 'BnepeflM. in the future, ahead

flo CBMflaHbR, flpyr mom, 6e3 pyKM m cnoBa,

He 'rpycTM m He 'neHanb •CpoeePi, — mourn; sadden; eyebrows
B 3T0M >KM3HM yMMpSlTb He HOBO,
Ho M >KMTb, KOneMHO, He HOBeM.
1925

126 cmo doddtfanib luecntb Fjiaed 4

 pocciiiichoro npom.ioro

npomiTaiire erne ojiih OTpbiBOK H3 KHiini npo^^eccopa HoKpoBCKoro «KaK pocnd ii

CTpoH.iocb pyccKoe rocyaapcTBO».

4-43 Bo BpcMfl MTeHiifl. HafuHTe oxBexbi na c.iejyioiuHe Bonpocbi.

1. Why couldn't the Slavs defend themselves against their enemies?

2. Who were the Khazars? Where did they live and what was their chief occupation?
3. Who were the Norsemen (Normans)? Where did they live? How did they differ from
the Khazars?
4. Where did the term "'Varyagi"" originate?

Invitation to the princes

•Pa3fleneHHbie Ha OTflenbHwe -nneMeHa, KOTopwe •nocTOflHHO divided; tribes; constantly

•Bpa>KflOBajiM Me>Kfly co66m, cnaeHHe He Morjiki flaxb •flpy>KHoro feuded; concerted

•oinopa 'sparaM. Ha lore hm npuxoflMJiocb •lepneib ot xaaap, na resistance; enemies; to suffer

ceeepe —or BapflroB-HopMaHHOB.

Xaaapbi >KMnn no peKe Bonre. 3to 6bjn CMnbHuPi napofl,
•sannMaBUJuticfl •Toproenefi. engaged in; trade
HopMaHHbi >KMnM Ha CKaHflUHaBCKOM •nonyocTpoBe. Ohm 6binM peninsular

napofl T6>Ke CMnbHbm, nio6v\n\A BOMny n 6biJiM OTnMHHbie 'Mopexoflw. sea-farers

B cjomne rpeMecKOM nMnepnn, KoHCTaHTMHonone, scerfla 6biJio

MHoro HopMaHHOB, KOTOpbiG 3flecb Ha3b)BanMCb BapRraMn; 3to
BH3aHTMMCKoe \AMB MX nepeujno m k naM.

5. How did the Norsemen get to Byzantium?

6. Why did the Slavic tribes invite the Norsemen to be their rulers?
7. Who was the first Norseman to rule over the Slavs?

MT66bi •nonacTb b KoHCTaHTMHononb, Bapflrn flOJi>KHbi 6binM get to. reach

exaib no BenMKOMy BOflHOMy nyiM Mepe3 Hamy CTpany. •rinasaR no when they sailed

3T0My nyjM, BapHrM 6pajiM 'flanb c MnbMencKMX cnasHH. tribute

OflHaKo cnaBRHe CKopo •co6panMCb c cM/iaMM m •npornanM mx. summoned their strength; drove out
Ho KaK TOJibKO nporna/iM ohm mx, laK HanajiMCb Me>Kfly hmmm
•pa3fl6pb) M •Me>Kxioyc66MFi. Toraa MnbMeHCKMe cnaBHHe peniMJiM discord; feuds

•MCKaib ce6e •KHfl3fl. Bbi6MpaTb KHR3fl M3 cBoero nner/ienM ohm ne look for; prince

saxoiejiM, •6oRCb, mto ne Bce ero 6yflyT •cjiyujaTbCR, m pemMjin fearing; obey

ornpaBMTb 'nocnoB 3a Mope k sapRraM c raKMMM cnoBaMM: «3eMJin ambassadors, emissaries

Hama 'BeriMKa m •o6MnbHa. a nopRflKa b nePi nei. MflMre large; bounteous

'KHR^KMTb M Bnafleib HaMM». Ha STOT •npM3blB •OTKJlMKHynCR PtopMK c reign and rule: appeal; responded

6paTbRMM. Oh cran KHRKMTb b HoBropofle. Oto npoM30ujn6 b 862

rofly no 'Po>KflecTBe XpMCTOBe Otot rofl m CHMTaercR roflOM
.
A.D.

HaMana pyccKoro rocyflapcTBa.

JJhu Hdiueii vkujhu cmo deddiiantb ceMb 127

 8. Who were the flpyjKMHHiiKM?
9. Who were Askold and Dir?
10. What are the two oldest Russian cities?

C PlOpHKOM npHliinO MHOrO BapHrOB-'BOHHOB. •OflHM M3 warriors; some

3THX BappiroB 6bmM npocTbiMi/i BOHHaMn, flpyrwe CTOFini/i 6nM3KO
K KHflSio, 6biJiM ero noMOinHUKaMn: c hmmm oh coBeioBancfl o6o
Bcex flenax, ohm •conpoBO>KflanM ero b noxofle, noMorann etviy accompanied
B •ynpaBneHMM m b •cyfle. 3tm 6jiM>KaMiuMe noMOLUHUKn n administration ; judgments

COBeiHMKH KHFI3fl •COCiaBnRnH ero •flpy>KMHy. •flpy>KMHHMKH comprised: retinue: members of the

6bmM •BonbHbiMn •c/iyraMn KHnsFi; ecnn mm HpaBunocb y KHASfl, retinue: free: servants

OHM MMnM y Hero m •cny>KMnM eiviy; ecnM >Ke ne npaBMnocb, to served

yxoflMfiM M nocTynanM na cjiy>K6y k flpyroMy khhsio.

flBOe M3 flpy>KMHHMK0B PlOpMKa, ACKOnbfl M flMp, yiUnM M3

HoBropofla, floexa/iM flo KMeBa m ocianMCb 3flecb KHfl>KMTb.
TaK •B03HMKnM KHfl>KecTBa B HoBropofle M B KMeBe. emerged

0B30PHbIE 3A^AHHfl

CxpyKTypa npenjiojKCHMH

4-44 CocTaBMivi jiMajidrii. JXavire ndnHbie OTaeTbi na cjiexiyioiuHe Bonpocbi.

06pa3iibi: — KaKoe y sac 3tom neTBepTM?
pacniicaHiie b ^
— eme He
51 KBKoe y Menfl pacnwcaHMe 3tom HeTsepTM.
3HaK). b
— y eac 6yjxyT ceMMHapbi no jTHxepaType? ^
— ^ eme ne dynyx
snaio, y mchh ceMMHapbi no nnxepaxype.
jim

1. Tbi xoMeiiib 5pdcMTb MaxeMarMKy? 6. MapMfl no3BOHMT Tede cerdflHfl?

2. y TeSfl KOHTpdnbHaa e naTHMuy?
6yjieT 7. y Bac 3aBTpa Nindro jieji?
3. KdcTJi npoBa.iii.i SKsaMCH? 8. Korjia sbi Bepnerecb flOMdii cerdflna seqepoM?
4. noMeMV Haxama Tax HepBHMMaeT? 9. Ilopa MATM Ha JieKUMK)?
5. Tbi 3aKdHMMiiib paddxy no MCTbipex?

PasroBop

4-45 CnpocHxe m OTBexbTe. SaaaMxe cneayiomMe Bonpdcbi n oTeeTbre na hmx.

Cnpocume dpyea Omeenthme dpyay

1. what his/her schedule is like this semester what your schedule is like this semester
2. what time he/she fell asleep last night that you fell asleep last night at 1 a.m.
3. why he/she was late for class yesterday that you overslept
4. how many hours he/she usually sleeps each night how many hours you sleep each night

128 cnw doddifantb GoceMb Fjiaad 4

5. what time he/she woke up this morning what time you woke up this morning
6. when his/her next Russian test will be when your next Russian test will be
7. what classes he/she had today what classes you had today
8. what time he/she usually gets up in the morning what time you usually get up in the morning
9. if he/she would like to go swimming that you don't have time today

4-46 A HTO Bbi CKa^ere b otbct? JUawTe KaK Md«;H0 Sojibine otbctob.

1. — KaKoe y xeSa pacnMcanMe eo btophmk?

2. — IloMeMy 5p6cMji/a MaxcMarMKy?
Tbi

3. — noHCMy na neKumo?
Bbi ono3flai!M

4. — Mbi 3B0HMJIM Te6e naxM neeHTM. Tm tu

c jio 6biJi/a?

4-47 PacnncaHMe na saBxpa. 3anaMxe npyr jipyry Bonpocbi m oxBexbxe na hmx.

Mxo Bbi Syaexe aenaxb sasxpa b

7.30 BCMepa 4.30 yxpa 8.15 Benepa 6.20 Benepa 10.30 yxpa
12.00 OTH 2.25 OTH 3.15 ziHH 4.10 AHH 11.10 yxpa

4-48 PaccKajKMxe BceM. Choose one of the situations below and go around the room telling

your story to as many people as you can.

Bbi xoxMxe paccKasaxb cbomm apysbaM, noneiviy

1. Bbi oHeHb xopoiud npoBenM jieHb.

2. Bbi cerdflHH oneHb ycxanM.

3. Bbi nudxo HanMcami 3K3aMeH.

4. Bbi SoMxecb KOHxpdnbHOM paddxbi.

5. y Bac 3aBxpa cxdnbKO Ren.

6. Bbi ono3najiM na 3aHHXMfl.
7. y Bac OHeHb xajKCJiaa MexBepxb/xH:»cejibiH ccMCCxp.
8. Bbi doHxecb npoBajiHXb 3K3aMeH.
9. Bbi xoxHxe dpdcHXb o^hh Kypc.
10. Bbi OMCHb xoponHxecb.

riHCbMO

4-49 3anMCKa. Write a note to your professor for a letter of recommendation. Explain what
courses you took or are taking from him/her.

4-50 JiHeBHMK. Write in your diary how you spent one day this week. Mention your classes.

4-51 HaniiuieM ece Biviecxe. In groups of three, discuss and write a letter to a Russian friend
describing your schedule.

/Jhu ndiueu tkushu cmo deddifanib deenmb 129

 HxcHHe

4-52 Cd(j)bfl KoeajieBCKaa — HBeecTHbiii pyccKHH MarcMaTHK. HannnTe b tckctc

OTBeTbi Ha Bonpocbi. OxBCTbTe no-pyccKH BCviyx.

1 . When was she born and where?

2. What talents did she have and who discovered them? How old was she when these talents
were discovered? When did she begin to study calculus?
3. Why did she decide to study at a foreign university? What did she have to do in order to
leave Russia?
4. What foreign university did she study at?
5. Who was Prof. Weyerstrass (BeMepiiiTpacc)? What did he think about women students?
Why did he agree to teach Cd(}3ba KoBaneBCKaa?
6. What happened when Co^hn KoBajieBCKaa was 24?
7. Why did she leave Russia to teach in Sweden? Where did she teach in Sweden?
8. What, do you think, is the most remarkable fact about her career?

C6c|Dbfl BacMnbeBHa KoBaneBCKaH poflnnacb b MocKBe s 6oraToi:i ceMbe

reHepan-jieMTeHaHTa apTn/ijiepnH KopBUHa-KpyKOBCKoro. Korfla e\A 6bmo 14 nei,
3HaKdMbm OTua, npocfDeccop TbipnoB, o6paTMn BHUMaHne pofltiTenePi Ha
MaieMaTMHecKne cnoc66HOCTM fleBOMKn. Eine He anan TpuroHOMeTpnu, ona
nbiranacb noHFiTb TpuroHOMeTpuiMecKMe cjDopMynbi, KOTopbie BCipeMana b yneOHUKe
cjDM3MKM. C nHTHafluaxn jiei OHa cxana nayMaib Bbiciiiyio MaieMarnKy.
B TO BpeMfl B PoccMM )KeHLij.MHaM 6bmo sanpeiii.eHo'' yHMibcn b yHUBepcMTerax.
Ohm Mor/iM nocTynMTb lo/ibKO b neKOTopbie 3apy6e>KHbie yHUBepcuTeTbi. Ho HT66bi
yMTM M3 ceMbM, Haflo 6bmo BbiPiTu 3aMy>K. Mnorne flesyiuKM us 6oraTbix ceMePi
BCTynani/1 b cfDUKTMBHbie 6paKn,2 MToSbi mvierb npaso yexaib sa rpankiuy ynkiTbCR.
C6c|:bfl c}3MKTMBH0 Bb'iiuna 3aMy>K sa MOJiofloro yMenoro B. O. KoBajieBCKoro. n63>Ke
nx 6paK cian HacTOflLij,mvi.
B 1869 rofly ohm yexani/i b FepMaHMio, b yHUBepcuTeTCKMM ropoflOK
FeMflenbdepr. Ka>KflbiM m3 hmx cian 3aHMMaTbcn nayKOM.
B 1870 rofly KoBaneBCKan nepeexana b BepriMH, MTd6bi cnyLuaTb neKuuM
3HaMeHMToro neMeuKoro MaieMainKa K. BeMepLUTpacca, KOidpbiM CMMian, mto
)KeHLUMHbi He flOJi>KHbi yMMTbCfl B yHMBepcMTere, ocddeHHO na MareMaTMHecKOM
c}DaKynbTeTe. OflnaKO KoBaneBCKan flodM/iacb Toro, mto BePiepLiJTpacc paspeuiMn e\A
CflasaTb 3K3aMeH. Ona pemMna see 3aflaHM,3 m oh cornacMncH yHMTb ee.
B flBafluaTb MeTb'ipe rdfla, nonyHMB fldKTopcKyio CTenenb, KoBaneBCKafl
Bepnynacb b FleTepdypr. Ho no pyccKUM 3aKdHaM >KeHiii,MHa rnviena npaBO
npenoflaBaTb TdnbKO apMCjDMeTHKy b MnafluuMX Knaccax. flosTOMy b TeneHne
HecKO/ibKMX neT CdctDbH BacMnbeBHa ne 3aHMManacb MaTeMaTHKOi^, a nucana CTaTbM
M paccKa3bi.
B 1883 rofly ona yexana b LLlBeuMio m CTana paddTaTb b CTOKrdjibMCKOM
yHMBepcMTeTe, rfle ona c donbiuMM ycnexoM npoMna OKono flBafluaTM KypcoB no
MaTer/iaTMKe.
B 1889 rofly ona CTana MnenoM'^-KoppecnoHfleHTOM DeTepdyprcKoti aKafleMnn
HayK — ona 6bma nepsoM >KeHinMHOM, CTaBuueM MJienoM stom aKafleMnn.
B 1891 rofly C.B.KoBaneBCKan yMepna. EPi dbin cdpoK oflMH rofl.

^He paspeiud.m ^entered into fictitious marriages ^solved all the problems ^member

130 cmompudnamh Fjiaed 4

4-53 B KaKOM rony? ITpoMMTaMTe Bcnyx.

1. KoBaneBCKaa poaiLnacb e 1850 rony.

2. B 1869 roay KoBaneBCKaji m ee My* yexajiM b FepMaHMio.
3. B 1870 rony ona nepeexana b BepjiMH.
4. B 1883 rony OHa yexajia b LLlBeuMio.
5. B 1889 rofly KoBaneBCKasi cxana qnenoM nexepGyprcKOM aKaaeMMM HayK.
6. B 1891 rony OHa yMep.ia.

4-54 IlepeHHTaiiTe h paccKa^Hre no-pyccKH.

1. flexcTBo KoBaneBCKoM. 3. YneGa b FepMaHMn.

2. Ee 3aMy:«:ecTB0. 4. PaCdxa b UlBeuHH.

CJlOBAPb
Bbi jio.i:»cHbi 3HaTb 3th c.iOBa.

HMena cymecTBHxe.ibHbie nHxepxa equivalent to an A

a63au paragraph nOjiyqaxb/nojiyqMXb oxMCXKy to get a grade
rjiaea chapter cxaBMXb/nocxaBMXb oxMCxxy to give grades
saHflTwe a (specific) class noaaplolK {gen. nonapKa) gift

laHHTHH {gen. 3aHflTnii) class, classes aapiixb/nonapiixb noziapoK to give a gift

SaMCT test (oral) npeflMCx subject

3aMeT/He3aqeT pass/fail pa3 time, occasion
Ka4)eTepiiii cafeteria HBa pa3a b Henejiio n\ ice a week
KOHCnCKT lecture notes nnxb pa3 b hcaCjXK) five times a week
jiaSopaxopHbie (3aHflXMH) lab classes pacnMcaHMe schedule, syllabus
JICKUHH lecture peSflxa kids, guys
oxNiexKa grade pe4)epax term paper
HBoiiKa equivalent to an F ceMCCxp semester
xpoHKa a grade equivalent toaC cxpaHMua page
qexBcpKa equivalent to an B MexBepxb (f) quarter

HMCHa npnnaraxejibHbie

ape BH nil ancient

npyrdii another
3aMeMaxenbHbiii wondeiful, marvelous
JIK)6MMbIM favorite
MMpOBOM world
xpynHbiii difficult

y>KacHbiM horrible, terrible

Fjiarojibi

6pocaxb/5pdcuxb + mxo? to drop

xajioBaxbca/no^anoBaxbCH + KOMy? na Kord?/Mxo? to complain
3aKaHqnBaxb/3aKdHMMXb + mxo? to finish

JJhu Hduieu yKU3HU cmo mpuduamb oduH 131

3anMCbiBaTbCH/3anMcaTbCH + Kyjia? to enroll, to sign up
sacTaenflTb/sacTaBHTb + Kor6?/flenaTb/cflejiaTb mto? lo make someone do something
3BOHMTb/no3BOHnTb + KOMy?/Kyaa? to call (by phone)
KOHMaTbCH/KOHMIITbCfl to be over finished (inanimate subjects only)
,

HaneHTbCfl to hope, count on

HaMMHaTbCH/HaMaxbca to start, begin (inanimate subjects only)
OKaHMMBaXb/OKOHMHTb + MTO? to finish, to graduate
nOMHMTb + KOrd?/MTO? O KOM?/MeM? to remember
npenonaBaxb (impeif. only) + qTO?/KOMy? to teach
npoBanHBaxb/npoBajiHTb + mto? to fail

npocMaxpHBaTb/npocMOTpexb + mto? to look through

caaBaTb/cnaTb 3K3aMeH to take/pass an exam
cjiymaTb Kypc (neKUMw) to take a course
+ Kyna?
ci.e3flHTb (peif. only) to make a quick (round) trip

ToponHTbca/noToponHTbCH + Kyaa? to hurry, rush

ynoTpeSnaTb/ynoTpeSiiTb + mto? to use
ynoTpeSjiaTbca (imperf. only) to be used
KaK ynoTpeSnflCTca 3to chobo? How can I use this word?
yMHTb + mto? to study (a foreign language)
yMHTbCfl + rne? to study, to go to school, to be a student

HapeMH>i

Bnpyr suddenly
HeHCTBMTenbHO really, truly
nOTOM afterwards, then, later
nOMTM almost

Bbipa>KeHH>i BpevieHH (Time expressions)

B 3T0M (npdmjiOM, SyAymcM) rony. This (last, next) year.

Ha 3T0M (npdiiiJioM, cjienyiomeM) Henene. This (last, next) week.
B 3T0M (npduijiOM. cjieayroiueM) ccMecTpe. This (last, next) semester.
B 3Toii (npduijiOM, cjiejiyiomeii) MexBepTw. This (last, next) quarter.

Bbipa>KeHH>i

A MTO? Why? Why do you ask?

BnnMTe? (BMUMuib?) You see?
BO BpeMH during
Bee (SyAeT) b nopanKe. Eveiy thing is (will be) all right.
Eme HCT ZICBflTM (ACCHTM, AByX, M T.fl.)- It's not even 9 o'clock (ten, two, etc.) yet.
JTaflHo. All light. That's it. (used to end a topic of
conversation)
HwMerd. It's O.K.
IlOHaTHO. I see.ll understand.
noiu.TM + infinitive Let' s go (and do something).
CnoKdiiHOM HdMM! Good night!
y MeHH ocTanocb Majio BpcMeHH. I don't have a lot of time.
y MCHfl cTdjibKO aen! I'm so busy. I have so much to do.
XBaTMT (+ imperfective infinitive) enough, stop doing something
Mto Tbi! (MTd bm!) What do you mean!
51 nomeji/nomjia. I'm onmy way.lVm off. IT m out of here.

132 cmo mpudifanib dea Fjiaea 4

 AOM, B KOTOPOM Mbl XMBEM

KaTa H FajiH coSHpaiOTCH b tocth

riHCbMO OT Ha^H
Tom h JImoh chhjih aom c pyccKHMH cxyaeHTaMH
KoMHaxa b o6me:»cHTHH
Kpa:»ca

4 foBopiiTe npaBMJibHo!

^aTeJTbHblH nSiJl&TK

Draroji: ynoTpe6jieHHe bh^iob b 6yflymeM BpeMCHH

BpcMH no MacaM (3)

Kyjibiypa

MMCHa, KOTopbie 3HaioT Bce pyccKwe: K. M. HyKoecKuu

Ms poccMMCKoro npomjioro

0636pHbie saAaHun
CxpyKxypa npeflno:KeHMH
Pa3roB6p
riMCbMO
^TCHMe

cmo mpudifamb mpu 133

 a3MK B iKH3HH

5-1 noavMaiiTe. Fne 6bi bbi xorenn xmtb Sdnbiue Bcerd? IToHeMy?

AepCBbH
B -lecy

KaTH II Fa.ia coSiipaiOTCJi b foctm

— Bbi Kyna-HM6yflb Ha bmmhmc KaHMKynbi?

noeflere
— K ponnxenHM TiiMa.
— Oh Hac npHrnacHJi na Hene.iio.
— flaneKo?
— B BepMOHT. y HHX xaM 4)epMa.
— Kpacora! cbc^mm boijvxom!
Iloab'nuiiTe You'll get some fresh air!
— Md:^HO cnaxb CKO.ibKO yrojHo!
— CMO^Lexe oTHoxHyxb KaK c.iejiyeT.
— A KaKaa y mux (|)epMa?
— Mo.ioMHafl.
— 3fldpoBo!
—^ noexaxb rdcxM.
6bi xd^ice xoxejx/a b
— Mdxex cnpocilxb
dbixb. TiiNia?
— Hex. MHe Heynddno.

BupaoiceHUJi epeMCHU

Ha + word" indicates the duration of the

'time result or the intended result of the action.
Ohh noexa.xn aovidn na Heae.iio. They've gone home for a week.
Ohh enyx aoNidu na Hejxejiio. They're going home for a week.

A "time word" with no preposition indicates the duration of the action.

Ohh dyziyx adxia Hene.iio. They'll he home a week.
(for)
Ohh xaM pa5dxa.nH Henejiio. They worked there (for) a week.
Ohm dyflyx oxnbixaxb Hejjejiio. They're going to vacation for a week.

3a + "time word" indicates the time necessary to achieve the result of an action.
Ohh xopomd oxaoxnyx 3a Hene.iio. They'll get a good rest in week's time.
51 Hannca.x/a KypcoBvio paddxy 3a Heae.iio. / wrote my term paper in a week.

134 cmo mpudifamb nenibipe Fjiaed 5

5-2 IIhumh cioeaMii. OOtHCHHTe no-pyccKM.

1. Oh Hac npiinacH.i Ha Heae.iK). 4. 3jdpoBo!

2. M6:«;ho cnaxt CKdibKO yroano. 5. Mhc HeyfldSno!
3. CM6:>KeTe OT^oxHyTb KaK cnenyex.

CBMHba KopoBa neryx Kypima MHflK)K OBiia

5-3 IIoroBopiiM ce5e. Cnpocnre npyr apyra.

1. KaK Bbi npoBe.iH (coSHpaexecb npoeecxM) 3MMHMe KaHMKyjibi?

2. ^To fljifl Bac 3HaMHT "OTnoxHyTb KaK cnenyeT"?
3. Bbi Korna-Hii6yab yKuni\ na 4)epMe? KaKaa 3to 6bina 4)epMa? KaKwe thm Swum :acMBdTHbie?

5-4 BoT TaKan ciiTvamia. PasbirpanTc.

You would really like to go and stay at a friend's place for a few days, but you feel awkward
about inviting yourself. Ask your friend tactfully.

IlHCbMO HajH
2 . :x

M'/!JiaH MaaeHbKal

npocTZ, HTo TaK /lonTO He u'/icana no;<a ncKanM .

aoM, noKynanw ero m nonynanw Kpe;anT, coBcey. He

6nno BpeMeH^i K cMacTbK), xenepb ace 3T0 noaajin.
.

Mk TonbKo MTO nepeexajiM Thi noMHwmb, KaK .

recHO 6biP.o y nac b cxapoM aoMe 3>aecb oneHb .

npocTopHo. K TOMy xe ecxb 5oiibfflOM no/aean m BbicoKnii

Mep^aK. npae/ia, /Ho.m /lOBonbKo cTapuw, m ero Hazio
KpacnTb n peMOHTuposax b Ho 3TO He cpoHHO rioKa
. .

HvacHO xoTH on peiHUTb, Ky^a nocTasMTb MeSenb, a to

Mbi Bce speMH o6 3tom cnopuM. HaKoneu, pemnnM, Kyna
nonoxJiTb KOBphi, ho He 3HaeM, Kvna nosecnTb
KapTUHM. HacTb nocy^hi nocTaBHnu a inKa^ii, a see
ocTanbHhie aemn eme a nmnKaK CaMoe nyMicee 3ziecb
.

orpoMHNii ipyKTOBhiM can. JlexoM moxho Synex nocazinxb

UBexhj. BceK Han 3aecb npaanxcH, Kpoi-ie koiuku — oHa
cKynaex no crapoMy /aoMy. HaaeKCb, mto y xe5H ace s
nopHAKe Ecnn c.Moxemb, npMeaxaii Ha JiexHue
.

KaHUKVITbl .

JJoMy e KomopoM mm AaieeM cmo mpudi^amb numb 135

 noKd vs. Koedd ^HP
noKa (while) vs. Kor^a (when), (while), (whenever)

The English equivalent of both noKa and Kor;ia can be while. Use noKa to describe two actions
that completely coincide in time.

IloKa Kaxfl cjiaeana 3K3aMeH, MapK ee Mark waited for Katya in the hall while

xjiaji B KopMfldpe. she was taking her test.

Koraa 51 :»cflajia MapKa, a yBMflena Mapwio. / saw Maria while I was waiting for Mark.

5-5 KaK cKasaxb no-pyccKM. J],aMTe pyi 3KBMBaJieHTbI.

1. I don't know where to put things. 6. The house is in need of repairs.

2. We argue all the time. 7. Everybody likes it here.
3 . We ve just moved.
' 8. Our cat misses our old house.
4. I didn't have any time at all. 9. The best thing here is the back yard.
5. The house needs painting. 10. I hope you're fine and well.

5-6 Hhumm cjiOBaMM. OG-bacHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. Mbi TonbKO MTO nepeexanM. 5. B flOMe xecHO.
2. y Hac GonbujoM nonBaji. 6. Mbi Bce BpeMfl cndpMM.
3. MacTb nocyflbi eme b amwKax. 7. CaMoe jiyMiiiee snecb can.
4. y Hac orpdMHbiii caa. 8. KduiKa CKynaex no cxapoMy jxoMy.

5-7 noroBopMM o ce6e. CnpocHxe apyr j;pyra.

1. Ffle Bbi :»cMBexe? KaKdw y Bac aom? KaKaa y sac KBapxMpa? KaKdii aoM y BaiuMX
poflMxejieii/y Baiunx flpy3eM?
2. y Bac ecxb can? Bbi xoxnxe MNiexb can? Mxo 5bi Bbi nocaaMJiM b cany?
3. KaKMC KdMHaxbi b sameM ndMe/s BaiiieM KBapxwpe?

5-8 Ueexa (colors). BcndMHMxe HasBaHMH uBexde.

1 . KaKdii uBex bw 6djibiiie Bcerd nroSMxe? KaKdro iiBexa Bam aom? Kaxdro UBexa
Baiua Me6ejib?
rojiyddn cmhmm KpacHbiw cepbiM opaHJKeBbiii
3ejieHbiM MepubiM >Ke.xxbiM KopiiMHeBbin denbiH

2. noMOFMxe Hane peiUHXb, b KaKdii ubcx noKpacMXb hom.

3. Bbi nepeexaxiM b Hdsbiii jiom. B KaKdn ubcx bw erd noKpacMxe? KaKdro usexa MeSejib
Bbi Kynnxe?

You can add tcmho- ii ceexjio- to any color, if you

want to say. for example. xeMHO-CMHMM - dark M/<?;|
CBCTjio-aejieHbiii - liglit green.

136 cmo mpiidifanih iuecntb Fjiaed 5

5-9 BoT TaKaH CMxyauiia. PastirpaMxe. Bbi Hmexe hobofo coccAa no KOMHaxe. PaccKa:acHxe
cMy/eH o CBoefl KBapxHpe. noKa«;Hxe, hxo r^e Hax6;iHxcH.

KaoHHex
rocxHHaH
CXOJlOBaH
1 cnajibHH
KyXHH
BaHHaa
xyajiex

Yerhs of^^placing"

Since the verb Sbitb is not expressed in the present tense in Russian, the verbs CTOHTb
(to stand), jiejKaxb (to lie), and BiiceTb (to hang) are often used in its place. The English
equivalents of these verbs can often be is/are.

MaiuMHa CTOMT B rapa:«:e. The car's in the garage.

Ha cxenax bmcat KapxMHbi. There are pictures on the walls.
rioMeMy 3XM KHMFM jiCMcaT Ha cxone, Why are these books on the table,
a He CTOflT Ha ndnKe? and not on the shelf?

In English, we use the verb to put with objects that can lie flat, stand, or hang. Russian is

more specific. You must use the verbs Kjiacxb/nojiOiKHTb with objects that you would
put in a flat (lying) position, the verbs cxaeHXb/nocxaenxb with objects that you would
put in an upright (standing) position, and the verbs eemaxb/noBecMTb with objects that you
would put in a hanging position. Remember to use CTaeiiTb/nocxaBMXb with all types of
nocyna, including xapejiKM and to use KJiacTb/nojiojKHXb to describe putting things in
briefcases, suitcases, and your pockets.

cxaeMXb/nocxaBMXb mxo? Kyjia? cxoaxb To, mxo bli cxaBMxe, cxomx.

Kjiacxb/nojio>KHXb mxo? Kyaa? jiejKaxb To, hxo bh KJianexe, jie*Mx.
Beuiaxb/noBecMXb hxo? Kyaa? BMcexb To, mxo bm Beuiaexe, bmcmx.

/JOM, G KOmopOM Mbl yKUGCM cmo mpudifanib ceMb

 5-10 BoT xaKaa CMTvauiiJi. PasbirpaiiTe.
^^
IloMorMTe Haiie peiiiMTb, Kym nocraBMTb Me6enb m nojio:«;HTb semw.
06pa3Ubi:
KyXHfl MauiKn Hajio nocraBHTb na KyxHio (s KyxHK)) b lUKacJ).
cnanbHfl OflCHJio Hano nojioH^HTb b cnanbHio na KpOBaxb.
BaHHaa MbLHO Hano nojiojKHXb b BaHHyio.
rocTMHaa 3epKano Hano noeecMTb b rocTMHyio.

qaiuKM
Kpecjio

TeiieBM3op
XOJlOflMnbHMK

TapenKM KOBep KacTpionw noprpeT

nacbi Becbi Mbino noflyiiiKa

nojiOTCHue

Oflefljio
JIMBaH
3epKajT0

njiMTa

KpoBaxb
KOMOfl

138 cmo mpudifamb eoceMb Fjiaed 5

Tom If J^^OH CHH.iii aoM bmcctc c pyccKiiMii CTvaeHTaMii
— Tbi nK55imib BaHiiMaTbca xoaaiicxBOM?
— Tepnexb He Mory.
—A nio5.iK5 roTOBiiTb.
— il ncMb
vNieio x.ieo. ^*^eTMpoBaHj« 88
v^eHHVn ? ^««MHoro
— Mory
51 3a noKyrKaMii.
xoaiiTb
— Kto 6yaeT Mbixb nocyay?
— H He B03payKaiO. / don't mind.
— oyay BblHOCHTb Mycop.
9{

— A rae T\T m6;kho cnipaTb?

— A CTpiiHb ra3dH Mbi xdiKe ao.ixHu?
— Hex. y ecxb caaoBHiiK.
xo35iiiHa
— B aexcxBe xax 3apa5axbi Ban/a aeHbni.
a
— Cxpiir/na xpaBy?
— roxoB/a vGiipaxb hom.
9{

— Hy. 060 BceM aoroBopH.XHCb.

Ka*;excfl.

5-11 IlHbiMii c.iOBaMH. OStflCHMxe no-pyccKii.

1. H .XI05.XK) 3aHiiMaxbCfl xobhiIcxbom. 4. 51xepnexb He Mory roxoBiixb.

2. M 5yay xojiixb 3a noKvnKaMii. 5. B aexcxBe a cxpiir/na rasoH.
3. 9{ xaK 3apa5axbiBa.x/a aeHbrji. 6. ZlorOBOpH.XHCbl

5-12 rioroBopiiM ce6e. CnpocHxe apyr apyxa.

1. Bbi MHoro 3aHiiMaexecb xobamcxbom? 4. ^xo BU xojx)md ysieexe ae.xaxb?
2. 4xo BaM Hy*:HO aenaxb no xoBfliicxsy? 5. Mxo Bbi xepnexb ne Nid:«:exe ae.xaxb?
3. Mxo Bbi nroSiixe ae.xaxb b aoNie? 6. KaK Bbi 3apa5axbiBa.xii neHbni b aexcxBe?

5-13 Box xaKaa CHT> auHa, PaBbirpailxe.

1. All of you are talking to new roommates. Divide the house chores among yourselves.
2. Advise a 12-year old what he/she can do to earn some extra money.
3. Tell your Russian friend \\ hat kind of jobs American children do in order to get their
allowance. Explain what an allow ance is.

KoMHaxa b oOiuokhthii

— KaKaa xopdmaa KdMHaxa!

— KaKdil Biu oKHa! Ha Becb
113 rdjx)a!
— Ho 3xecb He dnenb micxo.
— Md*:HO cxasaxb —
^a:«;e rpfl3H0.
— Mbi He eine ydpaxb.ycne.xii
— Cxd.xbKO Bac xyx?
— ZlBde.
— B 3X0M o6me:5KHxiiH Bce KdMnaxu Ha jboiix.
— A rae BaHHaa?
— BaHHa3 oana Ha ase KdsiHaxbi.
— CoBceM Hen.xdxo.
— Teoe noBe3.i6I You're lucky.
— Td.xbKo iiHoraa 3aHHMaxbcsi xpyano.
Zla...
— BbiBaex c.xniuKOM iiiyMHO.

JJ,OM, G KOmopOM Mbi jKUG'eM cmo mpudi4amb deetimb 139

5-14 Mhumu cjioeaiviii. 06i>5icHMTe no-pyccKM.

1. KaKOM BMJ3 H3 oKHa! 3. CKonbKo Bac xyT? 5. Y nac KOMHaxa Ha abomx.

2. BaHHaH oaHa Ha abc KOMHaTbi. 4. Te6e noBeand! 6. BbieaeT cjimuikom myMHo.

5-15 noroBopiiM o ce6e. CnpocHxe npyr apyra.

1. Bbi :»:nBeTe b o6mexMTMM hjih cHMMaexe KBapTiipy? M.m bm acMBCTe y poflMxeneii?

2. Ha KaKOM 3Ta}Ke Bbi ^KMBexe?
3. y Bac ecTb cocen/Ka no KOMHaTe?
4. KaK qacTo Bbi ySMpaexe KOMHajy /KBapxiipy?
5. Bbi Mo^^exe saHMMaxbca noMa hjih xaM cnnuiKOM myMHO?
6. y Bac eCXb BMJI M3 OKHa? HXO Bbi BH^MXC M3 OKHa?

5-16 Box xaKaH ciixyauMH. Pasbirpaiixe.

1. Argue with your roommate about who is supposed to clean the room.
2. You all share a house with several Russian students. One day everyone starts complaining
that it is too noisy to study and you all start blaming each other.

Kpa>Ka KaK can be used as an interjection to express surprise and

A.lMCa, HXO CJiyHMHOCb? ask for clarification of a previous statement:
— ^^6 xoSoii? c — MeHH orpadiLiii! I've been robbed.
— Ha xe5e mma. nex. — KaK orpaSMJiM?! "What do you mean? I can't
— McHH orpaGMjin! believe it!

— KaK orpaSMnM?!
— y MCHfl yKpann MarHMxo4)dH.
— KaK 3X0 npoH30iiiJid?
— Kx6-xo KBapxwpy Mepe3 okho.
Bjiea b BJiesaxb/BJiesxb - here: to break in
— aoMa?
Tbi 5biJia
— ^ xdnbKo Bbimna b Mara3HH.
— Bd>Ke Moii!
— ^xo Tue flenaxb?
— Haao no3BOHMXb b no.iMUHio.
— no3BOHid. KOHCMHO. HO 3X0 6ecno.ie3HO.
— ^a, He mxo ohm
flyMaio, Bdpa. naiiflyx

5-17 MnbiMii cjioeaMii. 05x.HCHMxe no-pyccKM.

1 . Ha xe6e JiMua nex. 3. Bd>Ke Moii!

2. Kxd-xo fines b okho. 4. Becnojie3Ho 3xo aenaxb.

5-18 Hot xaKaa ciixyamifl. Pasbirpaiixe.

A new person has just come in and wants to know why everyone is so excited. Explain to him/her
what happened to Alice.

140 cmo copoK Fjiaed 5

rOBOPHTE nPABHJIbHO!

ynompedjimue ddmejibuoeo nadejhd 6e3 npedjioeoe

• With the short forms of the adjective h\ jKHbiii to show the person who needs
something. Use the nominative case for the thing(s) needed.

BaM HVJKHbl 3TH KHMFM? Do you need these books?

Mhc 6dibLiie He Hymen cioBapb. I don't need the dictionary any more.
Te6e eiue Hy>KHa ra3eTa? Do you still need the paper?
Bnepa mhc HViKeH 5bin tbom cobct. I needed your advice yesterday.
Haiw Hy^Ha 6yjieT Bama noMomb. We'll need your help.

• With the verb HpaBiixbca/noHpaBHTbca to indicate the person who Ukes someone
or something.

Bbl MM nOHpaBIlJIMCb. They liked you.

Eif He HpaBHTCfl xaKaa MysbiKa. She doesn't like that kind of music.

For noun/pronoun complements after the following verbs.

3BOHHTb/n03BOHMTb
no3BOHii MHe ndcjie oSena. Give me a call after lunch.
OTBeMaTb/OTBeTMTb
Korna Bbi OTBCTiiTe Hmhc Bjia^MMMpoBHe? When will you answer Nina Vladimirovna?
noMoraTb/noMOMb
Kto HaM noMdmeT? Who will help us?

coBeTOBaxb/ nocoBeTOBaTb
CoBexyio xede He Spocaxb MysbiKy. / advise you not to drop music.

• To express age.

— CKOJibKO eMy/eif (Sbino) ner?

— EMy (6bLi) rofl, ;iBaimaTb ojhh roj.
— Eh (obiJio) ziBa (xpH, nexbipe roja): naxb (mecxb, ceMb) jiex;

OAHHHaiiuaxb (ziBeHanuaxb. xpHHanuaxb) .lex.

5-19 Box xaKaa CHxyauMJi. You are moving to a new apartment. Look at the list of all your
belongings and decide what you need to take with you and why.

06pa3eu: cxon Mhc HymcH ixox cxoji. Oh xaKOii yjoSnbiii. hjih

Mhc He HVHcen ixox cxoji. Oh cjiiiuikgm MajieHbKiiii.
KpoBaxb, Kpecno. MarHnxo4)dH. KOMnbKDxep, KOMnbKSxepHbie jiMCKexbi,
cxyjibfl.

ynedHMKM, xonoflMUbHiiK, nocyaa, cxapue :«;ypHa.xbi, uBexbi, donbuiaa .xaNma

/JOM, 6 KOmopOM Mbl yKUGCM cmo copoK oduH 141

5-20 DpoBepbTe ce5a. Kek cKaBaxb no-pyccKM?
1. We need a new apartment. This apartment is too small.
2. They have a new baby. Now they need a big house.
3. He always needs money. He spends too much.
4. I need new furniture. All my things are so old.

5. We'll need a new car next year. Our car breaks down all the time.

5-21 Kto m hto BaM npaeMTCfl? CKa^KWTe no-pyccKM.

1. Sergej didn't like Nina. 4. She liked the book. 7. Did you like him?
2. Nina didn't like Sergej. 5. Do you like her? 8. Did you like her?
3. I don't like this movie. 6. Do you like him? 9. Does she like me?

5-22 KoMy? CKa^^Mxe npasMnbHo.

1. KoMy Bbi noMoranM? Mbi noMoranw (MBan CepreesMq; Onbra HMKonaesHa; nam
npenoflaBaxenb; jviaxb m oxei;; 5paxbfl m cecxpbi).
2. KoMy Bbieme ne oxbcxmum na nMCbMO? (JlioSoBb HMKOnacBHa; Hexp AjieKcaHflpoBMH;
MOfl cxapaa yMMxejibHMii,a; 6a6ymKa m flCAyiuKa; mom Apysba).

5-23 BoapacT. CKa:*:Mxe, CKonbKo mm nex.

Odpaaeu: — 46 ^ MeaHy MjibMHy copoK uiecxb

HBan MnbMH Jiex.

nK)66Bb CepreeBHa — — HMna — Hexp — eama SaSymxa —

31; Cd(|)bfl 24; 18; 25; 76;
erd — ee Maxb — MenaHM — JUaBMA — mom
fleayiiiKa 90; 54; — 33 m 19; 21; flpy3bH 22.

In impersonal constructions with the following adverbs and verbs. Remember that
impersonal constructions do not have a grammatical subject in the nominative case.
The logical subject in the following constructions is in the dative case.

MOHiHO
M6>KH0 nexe 3aMXM k saM 3aBxpa? Could (May) Peter come to see you tomorrow?
Haao,Hy^HO (synonymous and interchangeable)
Hmhc HyiKHO (Ha^o) 66jibme 3aHMMaxbC5i. Nina needs to study more.
Hejib3^ + (imperf. verb)
BaM Hejib3fl KypMXb. You shouldn't smoke.
nopa
HaM nopa (5bino) mjixm jxouom. It's time (It was time) for us to go home.

xoTCTboi/ saxoTeTbca
Mne xoMCTCH cnaxb (nMXb). I'm sleepy (thirsty).
Em Bflpyr aaxoxejiocb yiixM. All of a sudden she felt like leaving.

He xoHCTCH (hc xoT CJiocb) (+ imperf. inf.)

Mne He xoxejiocb mhxm b kmho. I didn't feel like going to the movies.
n pMxofl H Xbca/npMMXMCb
MapKy npMuijiocb 3B0HMXb b aBxocepBMC. Mark had to call for road service.

142 cmo copoK dea Fjiaed 5

 Herae, HCKyaa, HCKorja, Hcqero
Mhc HCKorja. / don't have any time.
Mhc HCMero (5uno) CKaiaxb. I don't (didn't) have anything to say.

HaM HCMero ecxb. We don't have anything to eat.

Mm Her^e ^khtl. They don t have any place to live.

5-24 npoBepbxe ceOa. KaK CKaaarb no-pyccKM?

1. May I talk to you? 7 We don't feel like eating yet.
2. It's time to eat dinner. 8 You will have to call me later
3. You should 't talk about it. 9 You shouldn't say that.
4. You shouldn't eat so much chocolate. 10 1 have nowhere to go.
5. I don't have anything to do. 11 I have nothing to eat.
6. They don't have a place to live. 12 He has nothing to say.

5-25 Box xaKa5i ciixyaiiMfl. Pa3birpaHxe. Use the words in parentheses to express the idea of each siaiation.

1. Tell your friend that you lost your textbook and will have to go buy a new one. (npHflCTca)
2. A friend calls. Say that you have no time to speak on the phone. (HCKoraa)
3. It's 1 a.m. and you are sleepy, (xomctch)
4. Tell your friend that your wallet was stolen and you had to call the police. (npiraiJiocb)
5. It's midnight and it's time for you to go to bed. (nopa)
6. You're driving somewhere with your friend, but all of a sudden you don't know which way
to go. (Hajo)
7. Your friend wants to go for a walk but it's raining, (nejibaa)
8. You went to a party and had a great time. (Becejio)
9. Tomorrow is Sunday, and you have a paper due on Monday. Tell your friend you can't go
anywhere; you have to work all day. (HyjKHO)
10. You have so much to do that you have no time to go out with your friend. (HeKorjia)

YnompedjieHue ddmejibHoeo nadeyKd c npedjioeoM K

• With nouns and pronouns denoting persons when that person's residence or office is the

destination of motion. (See Chapter 2. page 58 for more detail).

Bo BpeMH BeceHHMx KaHMKy.x Mama Masha will go home to her parents'

noejiex flOMon. k pouMxejiJiM. during spring break.

• After the verbs npiiBbiKaxb/nptiBbiKHyxb and roxoBiixbca/nojroxdBHXbca.

Kaxfl eme npiiBbiKaex k ^iiihm b CIUA. Katya's still getting used to life in the USA.
Mbi BCK) HOMb roxoBHniicb K KOHxpojibHOM. We Spent the whole night studying for our test.

• After the short-form adjective roxoB (roxoBa, roxoBbi) .

Mbi eme ne foxobw k 3K3aMeHy. We're still not ready for our exam.

/JOM, G KOmopOM Mhl yKllGCM cmo copoK mpu 143

5-26 K neiviy TpyjiHO, a K neiviy jierKO npMBbiKHyTb? CnpocMxe flpyr apyra m
oS-bHCHMxe noHCMy.

06pa3eu: hoblim yMMxenb ^ KaK xbi ayMaeiiib, xpy^HO npMBUKHyxb k HOBOMy yHMTejiio?

fla, no-MoeMy, xpyflHo npMBbiKHyxb k Hoeoiviy yHMTCJiio. uau

Hex, no-MOCMy, JierKO npwBbiKHyxb k Hoeoiviy yHMTCJiio.

1. HOBblM yHMBepCMxex 6. :»CM3Hb B o6meacMXMM

2. HOBbiM cocea no KBapxMpe 7. HeyfldSHaa KBapxMpa
3. jipyraa cxpana 8. nnoxaji noroAa
4. HOBbie npo4)eccopa 9. HesHaKOMbiii rdpoa
5. HOBoe pacnMcaHMe 10. luyMHbie cocenM

ynompe6jieHue ddmejibHoeo nadeyKd c npedjioeoM IIO

Some English equivalents for the preposition no are according to, along, around,
about, on, and by. Precise English equivalents for the preposition no depend on
context. Study the following examples and their English equivalents.

Kyfla OHM xdflflx no BenepaM? Where do they go in the evenings?

Ho BTOpHMKaM M MCXBcpraivi OHa 3aH5ixa. She is busy on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
51 CMOxpeji/a 3xox 4)MJibMno TejieBM3opy. I saw
that movie on TV.
TaHR B3Rna xbok5 KHwry no oiunOKe. Tanya took your book by mistake.
Kxo xbom coceflM no KOMHaxe? Who are your roommates?
Mbi mecxb nacoB noflpflji xo;;hjih no Myaeio. We walked around the museum for six hours.
KaxMHbi poflMxenM Becb ncHb xoamhw Katya s parents went from store to store
no MarasMHaM. all day long.

CcMMHap (sanHxne, jiCKunfl) no ncTopHM a history seminar (class, lecture)

KoHTpojibnaa paSoxa (aKsaMcn) a Russian test (exam)
no pyccKOMy H3biKy

5-27 KaK CKasaxb no-anrjiMiicKii? flawxe aHrjiMMCKwe 3KBMBaiieHXbi.

1. Bqepa BenepoM npe3MfleHx Bbicxynan no xejicBiisopy.

2. M 3Haio MX no uiKOJie.
3. Koraa ona eaex b EBpdny, ona Bceraa xdnMX no My3e»ivi.
4. Ho yxpaM mm BcxpenaeiviCH b cnopx3ajie.
5. Oh xepnexb ne Md:»cex roBopMXb no TejiecJjOHy.

5-28 Bauie pacnncanne. PaccKa:»cMxe Apyr npyry o cbocm pacnMcanMM.

1. — Kaxde y xeda pacnwcaHMe 3xom ceMecxpe? b

— no
JTeKUMfl ceMMHap no (eBponeMCKaa
(6M0.ndrMfl), McxdpMJi), sanaxMH no (McnancKMii
H3biK). A KaKde pacnMcaHMe y xeda?
2. — B 3X0M MHe nano caaBaxb 3K3aMeHbi no
rofly
a. MMpoBafl 3K0HdMMKa r. ApeBHaa nMxepaxypa

6. MCXdpMH MCKyCCXBa fl. 4)paHUy3CKMH $I3bIK

B. aHxponondrMH e. Bb'icmaa MaxeMaxMxa

A KaKMC 3K3aMeHbi Haflo caaBaxb xede?

144 cmo copoK nembipe Fjiaed 5

 ^ Fjiaroji: ynoxpeSjiCHHe bhjiob b 6yjiyui,eM epeivieHH

Both imperfective and perfective verbs are used to denote actions that will occur in the future.
Remember that the future tense of imperfective verbs is formed with a conjugated form of the
verb 6biTb and an imperfective infinitive. As you already know, conjugated forms of perfective
verbs indicate future action.

Imperfective future Perfective future

Mbi SyflCM roBopMTb no-pyccKM. 51 BaM CKa%y 3to no-pyccKw.

We'll speak Russian. I'll tell you this in Russian.

Perfective verbs

The future tense of perfective verbs indicates a one-time action in the future and gives
additional information about that action (its result, its duration, or its inception).

• Result.

Tbi ono3j]aeuib na paSdxy! You'll be late for work!

B KOTOpOM Hacy ohm BepHyxca? What time will they get back?
Korna tu HanMUieuib Kypcoeyio paSdry? When will you get your term paper written?
• Duration. The action will be of limited duration.
9{ noroBopid 06 3tom c npenoflaeaTeneM. I'll have a talk with the teacher about that.

BbiMflCM Ha ynimy, nojibiuiMM Let's go outside and catch a breath offresh air
CBe>KMM edinyxoM.
• Inception. The action will begin.

Mepe3 ron xbi onaxb aaxoHeuib noexaxb In a year' s time you'll want to go
B MocKBy. to Moscow again.
3xox 4)MiibM noiiflex na cnenyiouieM nexiene. That movie will start playing next week.

Imperfective verbs

The future tense of imperfective verbs indicates repeated action in the future, and verbal action
that will take place in the future, without any reference to its result.

B 3X0M ceMecxpe si 6yay cjiyuiaxb Bam Kypc I'm going to take your Pushkin course
no riyuiKMHy. this semester.

Mbi Syaeivi 5eraxb Ki.y^jxhm jxtwh. We're going to run every day.

5-29 IIpoBepbxe ceSfl. Think whether you will use imperfective or perfective future.
^ ^
1. Are you going to watch TV tonight? (cMOxpexb/nocMOxpexb)
2. Are you going to play chess with him? (Mrpaxb/cbirpaxb)
3. Are you going to study for this test? (roxdBMXbca/noaroxdBHXbca)
4. Are you going to speak Russian or English with them? (roBopMXb/noroBopMXb)
5. Are you going to relax tonight? (oxubixaxb/oxflOXHyxb)
6. Is she going to be on TV tonight? (Bbicxynaxb/Bbicxynnxb no xejieBiisopy)

/lOMy G KOmopOM MM yKUGCM cmo copoK nnmb 145

5-30 Bnepa m aaexpa.

A. Below is a description of what Katya did yesterday. Imagine that she will spend tomorrow
exactly the same way: 3aBTpa Kaxa BCTancT b 8 qacds...

Bnepa Kara Bcxajia e 8 Hacds, BunMjia Kodpt m noiujia na ncKUMio. ndcjie neKarni ona
nouijia B SMSnMOTCKy m nanajia roxoBHTbca k KOHxponbHoM no anrjiMMCKOMy asbiKy. B nac
OHa BCxpexMJia Haxamy y Bxoaa b 6M5jiMOxeKy, m ohm nouiJiM b KacJ^exepiiM oSeaaxb. B xpw
Maca OHa nouiJia na neKUMio no aMepMKaHCKoM nnxepaxype, a ndcne neKUMM Bepnyjiacb
flOMOM. Ona no3BOHMjia Mapxy, m ohm BCxpexMjiMCb b 7 nacoB y KMHOxeaxpa. ndcne
4)MnbMa KaxH Bepnyjiacb flOMdii m jierjia cnaxb.

B. KaKMC y Bac njiaHbi na 3aBxpa? Compose a similar paragraph about what you intend to
do tomorrow.

Imperfective verbs are used in Russian equivalents of What are you going to do? How are
you going to spend your time? In questions of this type the verb is imperfective, because
the speaker is asking how you intend to spend your time rather than what you intend to
accomplish. Use imperfective verbs in answer to this type of question.

""What are you going to do tonight?" — Mxo Syneuib aejiaxb

xbi BenepoM? cerdflHfl
"(I'm going to) Study for my Russian test." — (Byny) roxoBMXbCfl k KOHxpdnbHoii no
pyccKOMy H3biKy.

• When used with time expressions like ceroflHa yxpoM, BMepa uneivi, saBxpa BenepoM
etc., imperfective verbs can indicate actions that will occur during that time period or
actions that will encompass the entire time period. Note the Russian equivalents of the
following English sentences.

"How are you going to spend the evening? — Mxo ^ejiaxb BenepoM?
xbi Syfleuib
(What are you going to do tonight)."
"What are you going to do tomorrow?" — Mxo Syaeiub aejiaxb sasxpa?
xbi
"I'm going to relax." —^ ox^bixaxb.
5y;;y
"I'm going to study for my Russian test — CerdjiuH ahcm roTOBMTbCH
a 6yfly
this afternoon." k KOHXpdnbHOM no pyccKOMy asbiKy.

One-time actions. Both imperfective and perfective verbs are used in the future tense
Use the following guidelines when choosing aspect for
to indicate a one-time action.
the future tense.

Verbs denoting an action that does not normally proceed over a period of time are
used only in the perfective future when referring to a one-time action in the future.
Such actions are often called "instantaneous" or "momentaneous" actions.

^ BaM aaivi oxbcx 3aBxpa. I'll give you my answer tomorrow.

^ ocxaBjiK) CBOM KHMFM y xe6a. I'll leave my hooks with you.
^, KOHCMHO, 3a6yny o6 3X0M. I' II forget about this, of course.
Xdneiiib, npMjiy Mepes noimaca? Do you want me to come over in half an hour?

146 cmo copoK luecmb FjiaGd 5

 .

T Verbs denoting action that can proceed over a period of time and produce a result
can be used in both the imperfective or perfective future. Use of the perfective
future in such contexts expresses more certainty that the result will ultimately be
achieved.

riocjie 3K3aMeH0B H 6yAy OTztbixaxb. 1

riocjie 3K3aMeH0B H HaKOHeu oraoxHy. going to vest (take it easy) after my exams.
J

Bbi 6yj3exe y:acHHaxb c HaMH?

Will you have supper with us?
Bbi noy]*:HHaexe c HaMH?

T How to say: / intend to. ..; I plan to I'm planning on. ... .I'm going to. .

The imperfective future of verbs denoting action that can proceed over a period
of time is also used to express the intent or desire to perform an action. In such
meaning of the helping verb 6biTb is similar to that of xoxerb or
instances, the
coSiipaTbCH. Note the following examples and their corresponding English
equivalents.

Hie Tbi oyjiemb Bcxpe^aTb HoBbifl roa? Whe?-e are you going to spend
New Year's ere?
TjxQ. xbi cooHpaembca Bcxpenaxb HoBbiH vojxl Where do you plan on spending
New Year's eve?

5-31 Hto Bbi coSiipaeTecb jenaxb? OScyuMTe.

06pa3eu: — Tu co6iipaeuibC5i OTflbixaxb ceroAHSi BenepoM?

— ^a. 51 Oyjiy OTHbixarb.
— Hex. $1 5yny saHiiMaxbCH.

1 . Tbi co6npaembCfl nocxynaxb b acniipaHxypy?

2. Tbi coSiipaeiiibcsi y:«;nHaxb cerdjiHfl?
3. Tbi coSMpaeuibca SBOHiixb flOMoii cerdnHH BenepoM?
4. Tbi coGiipaeuibCJi niicaxb poflHxe.xflM cerdxiHfl BeqepoM?

5. Bbi co5iipaexecb cxpiiMb xpaBy?

6. Bbi co6iipaexecb roxoBiixb o6en?
7. Bbi coSnpaexecb cxiipaxb 3aBxpa yxpoM?
8. Tbi coSMpaeiubca ySiipaxb aoM?

5-32 /HoranaiiTecb, mto a 6yjy aejiaxb. Your friend doesn't want to tell you what he/she is

planning to do next Saturday. Try to guess. Ask only questions without a question word.

JJ,OM, e KomopoM mm jKueeM cmo copoK ceMb 147

5-33 BoT TEKafl ciiTvamia. Paabirpanxe.
Odpaseii: Your friend is leaving for Russia for several months. You want to know when
he/she will be back.

B03BpamaTbCJi/BepH\ TbCH OTKyaa? ^ Korjia tm eepHembcsi H3 Mockbu?

1 . niicaTb/Hanncaxb KOMy o mcm?
Mark is going to Canada. He has a friend in Toronto. You want to know if Mark is going
to write his friend before he leaves.

2. jaBaTb/jaxb kom) mto?

Your friend has promised to give you a book. You want to know when he/she will give it

to you.
3. iinTH/noHTH Kyaa?
Your friend has promised to go to a new movie with you. You want to know when the two
of you will go see the movie.
4. nHcaTb/nanHcaTb mto?
You're going to spend Friday night working on your term paper.
5. OTBeMaTb/oTBeTllTb KONiy?
You've been asking your friend a certain question over and over again. You hope he/she
will give you an answer soon.
6. B03BpamaTb/BepHyf b mto KONiy?
Your friend has borrowed (BsaTb y Koro?) a book from you. You want to know when
he/she will return it to you.
7. nejiaxb/cne.iaTb mto?
Ask your friends what they intend to do on Sunday.
8. BbiCTynaTb/BbiCTyniiTb
A friend of yours is supposed to make a class presentation. Ask him/her if he/she is going
to do it tomorrow or the day after tomorrow.
9. jaBaxb/aaxb gtbct Koxiy?
A friend has invited you home for the holidays, but you still haven't made up your mind to
accept this invitation. Tell your friend that you will give him/her an answer tomorrow
or the day after tomorrow.
10. n.iaTHTb/san.iaTHTb 3a mto?
You and your roommate haven't paid your monthly rent yet. Tell your roommate that you'll
get it done tomorrow.
1 1 . noKynaxb/KynHTb mto?
You and your roommate have run out of toothpaste (3y6Hafl nacxa). Say that you'll buy some
tomorrow.
12. ySiipaTb/ySpaxb: BbiHOCiixb/BbiHecxii Mvcop; Mbixb/noMbixb nocyay: cxiipaxb/nocxiipaxb
You and a couple of friends are planning on renting a house. Ask who is going to do various
chores, i.e.. do the housecleaning. take out the garbage, do the dishes, do the laundry.

148 cmo copoK GoceMb Fjiaed 5

Aspect and tense in w/i^/i-clauses and //"-clauses. Russian vs. English.

5-34 AHajiH3. Read the sentences and determine the following.

1. The tense of the verbs in the English "when" and "if "-clauses.
2. The tense and aspect of the verbs in the corresponding Russian clauses,
3. The time (present, past, or future) that the verb in the main clause
refers to in both the English and the Russian sentences. He 3a6yabTe!
When Mark gets home, we'll have supper. If the verb in the main
MapK npimex aoMoU, mbi SyacM y^MnaTb.
Korjia clause is in the future, the
If you see them, say hello for me. verb in the when- (Koraa)
EcjiM Tbi Hx yBMjiMuib, ncpeflaM mm ot mchh npMBCT.
or //- (ecjm)-clause must
When you leave, turn off the lights.
also be in the future tense
Korjia Syaexe yxonwTb, noracwxe cbct.
When (while) we're in Moscow, we'll speak only Russian.
Korjia Mbi SyflCM b Mockbc, mu 6yjiQM roBopMXb ToubKO no-pyccKM.

5-35 CocraBbTe npejuiomeHiiH. YnoTpeGHxe ecjiu hjth Koedd.

1. Bbi Syflexe roBopwxb no-pyccKM. Ona HMqerd He noMMex.

2. MauiMHa y MapKa onaxb cnoMaexca. Oh Kynux HOByio.
3. Tbi nonauib laaBneHMe na 3xy nporpaMMy. Te5H npMMyx.
4. Tbi He Syneuib roxoBHXbca k KOHxpdnbHOM. Tbi ee npoBanmub.
5. Tbi MHe no3BOHMmb. 9{ xeda Bcxpeqy y aoMa.
6. 51 xe5fl yBM«^y. 51 xe6e o6o bccm paccKa:«;y.

^ BpcMii no HacaM (3)

Time in the second half-hour

Look at the table below and note how time in the second half-hour is expressed.

mi
12

no
11

2\ no
"A*
9 3 9 3
\8 V
7 5/V

Ckojibko BpeMCHM? CeiiMac 6e3 CeiiMac 6e3 CcMMac 6e3 CeMMac 5e3
KoTopbiil Hac? flBanuaxM nBanuaxH MexBepxM (6e3 nflXM XpM.
naxM xpii. xpM. naxHanuaxM) xpM.

Korna? Ohm npMmnH Ohm npMLunH Ohm npMiujiH Ohm npMiiiJiH

Bo CKOJlbKO? 6e3 HBafluaxM 5e3 flsafluaxH 6e3 MexBepxM 6e3 naxM xpM.
B KOTopoM Macy? nflXH XpM. xpM. (6e3 naxnafluaxM)
XpM.

/J,OMy G KOmopOM Mbi jKUGCM cmo copoK deonmb 149

 06paTHTe BHHivfaHMe!

1 1 .56 6e3 HCTbipex MMHyT nBeHajmaTb

1 1 .57 5e3 Tpex MMHyx nBeHajmaxb
11.58 6e3 aeyx MWHyx jisenajimTh
11 .59 6e3 ojmoiA MMHyxbi ABeHdja,qaTb

^jj-j^
5-36 KoTopbiii nac? B KOxopoM nacy? CKa:acMTe apyr npyry.

A. Koraa bu BHepa npimijiM noMoii? 12.55 12.45 5.45 10.40 6.45

B. Odpaseu: CeMqac 15.30. H npMjiy qepe3 5 MMHyr. ^ 51 npn^y 6e3 fleafluaxM naxii nexbipe.

1. CeMMac8.30. Ohm yMflyx qepe3 20 MMHyx.

2. CeMqac 14.45. CaMonex npMnexMx qepe3 MMHyx.
5
3. CeMqac 19.30. Mx n6e3ji npMflex qepes 25 MMHyx.
4. CeMqac 12.30. KoHuepx HaqMHaexcfl qepes 15 MMHyx.

KyjibjypA

ll^iena, Koxoptie .^naiOT Bce pyccKiie: Kopneu ModHoouH Vyndochuu (1882-1969)

OnMH M3 caMbix nonyjiapHbix m nioSMMbix

AexcKMx HMcaxeneM b Poccmm —
3xo KopneM
MBanoBMq ^yKOBCKMM, aBxop MHoroqwcjienHbix
npoM3BejieHMM ajih aexeM. PyccKMe aexM 3HaK)x
MMH KopHCH MBaHOBMqa ^yKOBCKoro xaK xe
xopoujo, KaK Mbi 3HaeM MMH Ydnxa JUmchch.
Bce pyccKMe nexM, Md:»CHO CKa3axb, BbipocuM Ha
CKa3Kax M cxMxax HyKOBCKoro. HpoqMxaMxe
oxpbiBOK M3 ero cxMxoxBopeHMsi «Tene(|)6H».

150 cmo tiHinbdecAm Fjiaod 5

 —
TEJIECDOH
1

Haqan sbohmtb Y mchh •3a3BOHMJi jenedpon. H TpM HdMM He cnan,

— Kto roBopMT? ^ ycxajT.
— CnoH. •Mne 5bi 3acHyxb, H xoxeji 6fai
— OTKyaa? Oxnoxnyxb...
camel — Ot •Bep6nK5jia. Ho xdubKO SI ner —
— Hto eaM Haflo? •Sbohok! the telephone
— UIoKonaAa. — Kxo roBopMX?
— JXnn Kord? — 'Hocopdr! rhinoceros
— cbiHa Moerd.
^JlfI — Hxo xaxde?
— A MHoro npwcnaTb? nvi — "Beaa! Bejia! calamity
1 nyfl=36 (JjyHxoB — 3TaK
Jla •nyflde nsiTh •Berwxe CKopee cioaa! run
Mnw iiiecTb: — B MCM fleno?
Sojifaiue He CMoxcT •Bdnbiue CMy He Cbecxb, — •CnacMxe! save
Oh y MCHfl eme ManeHbKMii. — Kord?
— •BercMdxa! hippopotamus
Ham dercMdx •npoBanwncfl b fell into
• Son dxo ... swamp
A nOTdM n03B0HMJl — npOBajiMJicfl b dondxo?!

tears
KpOKOfliin
M CO •cnesiMu npocMJi: —m
M
— Mom MMJibiM, xopduiMM,
HM
O, ecnM
xyfla,

Bbi
HM ciofla!

He npMAexe,
galoshes ITpMiiinM MHe •KanduiM,
Oh "yxdnex, yxdnex b dojidxe, drown
M MHe, M :«:eHe, m ToTOuie.
yMpex, npona^ex

Just a minute — •IlocTdM, He xede jim

BereMdx!!!

Ha
nocjiaji 51
npduijiOM nenejie
•Bbicnaji jiBe napbi
— JlaflHo! Bery! Bery!
EcjiM CMory, noMory!
Othmmhux Kandui?

— Ax, Mxo xbi Bbicnan

xe,
Ox, HejierKaa dxo paddxa —
Ha npduinoM neflene,
M3 dojidxa 'xamiixb derexidxa. pull (out) drag
Mbi AaBHd y«^e cbenw
we can't wait M •:«:neM He AO«;neMCSi,
Koraa :«;e xbi cndBa npHuiJieuib
K HaiueMy y»:MHy
dozen •flK5:*:MHy
HdBbix M cnaflKHx Kandui!

/JoM, e KomopoM mm MueeM cmo nsimbdecHm oduH 151

 H3 poccMMCKoro npdui.ioro

5-37 Bo BpCMil HTCHH^I. FIpOHHTaHTe H HaftflHTe OTBeXbl Ha Bonpocbi.

Until the Russian Revolution in 1917, Russian Orthodoxy was the official religion of Russia.
In 1988 the Russian Orthodox Church celebrated the millenium of Russia's conversion to
Chistianity. In the passage below, find the answers to the following questions about the origins
of Russian Orthodoxy.

1 . When did Christianity begin to appear in Russia? How do we know?

2. Who was one of the first significant Russians to be baptized? Where did this happen?
3. Who invented the Russian alphabet?

ripuHHTue xpucTnaHCTBa Ha PycM

B KiieBCKyio Pycb xpucTnaHCTBO •npoHMKno y>Ke b nepBOM npwmno

nojioBMHe 10 BeKa. Ma •floroBopa (khhsh) Mropn c rpeKBMn (945 r.) treaty

Mbi y3HaeM, hto b 3to BpeMFi cpeflM K^ieBCKnx BapnroB 6bmo MHoro

xpucTnaH, M MTO B KweBe 6bma xpucTi/iaHCKaR uepKOBb 'Cb. MnbM. CBflTOM - saint

riocjie •CMepiM Mropfl ero BflOBa m 'npaBMienbHuua •rocyflapcTsa death; ruler; state
BenwKaH •KHHrMHH djibra noceiMJia KoHCTaHTHHononb, rfle OHa princess
caMa npuHHJia xpucTnaHCTBO (oKono 955 r.), n HeKoropbie 'MneHbi members
KHFi>KecKoPi flpy>KMHbi •nocneflOBann ee npuMepy. followed

BnyK Onbrn, BnaflMMnp CBflTOcnaBUM, •aaHHBLUnPi KkieBCKuPi who occupied

•npecTon b 980 r. ndcne CBoero CTapLuero 6paTa RponojiKa, throne
•nepBOHaMajibHO 6bm •peBHOCTHbiM •H3bmHMK0M. no paccKasy originally; ardent; heathen, pagan
•neioniicua, MHorne pe/inrMOGHbie •nocdnbCTBa •noceinann chronicler; emissaries; visited

•flBop KMeBCKoro KHH3H M •npeflfiarann eiviy npuHHib mx sepy: court; offered

«HeMi4bi» (KaronnKn) ot •Flanbi, 6onrapbi (MycynbMaHe), xo3apcKMe the Pope

eBpen, HaKOHeu, rpeMecKMM (pv\n6codp, •nponoBeflb KOToporo sermon
npon3Bejia na BnaflMMupa oc66eHHO cwjibHoe •BneMaineHne. impression

BcKope nocjie SToro BnafliiMnp, no coBery CBoePi flpy>KMHbi,

nocjian CBOuix nocnoB flnn •ncnbiiaHUH Bep b pasjiMMHbix CTpanax. examination, testing
•rio B03Bpauj,eHMn nocnoB, BnaflMMnp CHOBa co6paji after
•6oHp M •«CTapueB» n npeflnoKMJi nocnaM paccKa3aTb o tom, hto boyars (nobility); elder statesmen
OHM BMflenM B pa3Hbix CTpanax; nocnbi c ocd6biM BOCToproM
paccKasbiBajiM o » BkifleHHOM mmm npaBocjiaBHOM 6orocny>KeHMM b the orthodox service that they saw
KOHCTaHTHHonojibCKOM *
Kact)eflpanbHOM xpaivie CBflToPi CocjDMn. main cathedral
BnaflMMnp, no coBeiy 6oHp, peujMn npuHHib rpenecKoe
xpucTnaHCTBO, n BCKope •KpecTMncfl caM n KpecTMji meennH. 3jo was baptized
6bmo B 988 rofly.

no C .r. nyuiKapeey «063dp pyccKoii MCTdpMM».

MsflaxenbCTBO mmchm HexoBa, Htio-MopK, 1953.

152 cmo nnmbdecHm doa Fjiaed 5

 CBHTbie KupMJin n MecjDOflnPi

C HaManoM xpucTnaHCTsa HaManacb y Hac i/i •MCbMeHHOCTb. reading and writing

fljifl uepKBeii Hy>KHbi 6bmn •6oroc/iy>Ke6Hbie KHkirn. flepebie khmfh liturgical
6bi;in •npuBeaeHbi k HaM m3 fpeunn n Bonrapnn, a noTOM brought
•noHBMJiMCb nioflu 'rpaMOTHbie n y nac, cra/in y Hac aaHMMaxbcn appeared; literate
•nepenMCKoPi khi/it (KHkirn lorfla He neMaiajiMCb, KaK lenepb, a copying
nucajiMCb).
npuHeceHHbie k naM nepsbie 6orocjiy>Ke6Hbie khmtm 6bmn
•
(that were) brought
HanMcahbi na flpeBHe6onrapcKOM H3biKe. B to speMH Bce
cnaBflHCKi/ie •HapeMHH 6binM 6n\A3K\A Me>Kfly co6dM, n fi3biK H3bIKM
6ojirapcKMM 6bm snoriHe noHHieH fljin pyccKux. riepeadfl
6orocjiy>Ke6Hbix khmt c rpeMecKoro nsbiKa Ha 6o;irapcKMPi 6bm
Cflenan •cjmljkom aa cto nej flo KpeineHUH PycM flsyMH 6paTbRMn more than
CBHTbIMM KupMJinOM M MecfDOflHeM. 3tHMM >Ke CBHTb'lMM 6paTbHMM
6bma 'naoOpeTeHa n c/iasnHCKaH •a36yKa. invented; alphabet

M3 KHMFM IloKpoBCKoro «KaK pocjio M CTpoMJiocb pyccKoc rocyAapcTBo». MocKsa. 1914.

0B30PHbIE 3AAAHHJI

CxpyKTypa npejisiomeHnH

5-38 CKajKMTC, MTO Bbi cflejiaexe (Cy^eTe aejiarb).

Odpaseii: Echm ohm npMmacHT MCHfli b toctm, (noexaxb) ^

EcjiM OHM npMrjiacHT mchh b toctm, « noeay.

1. EcnM Bbi noeaexe Ha 4)epMy, (oxnoxHyxb Kax cnenyex)

2. EcnM Bbi Synexe b BepMOHxe, (flbiuiaxb cbc^mm BosflyxoM)
3. EcnM y mcha Syayx KaHMKynbi, (cnaxb secb jiCHb)
4. EcHM 6yAy JKMXb na MonoMHoii 4)epMe, (nwxb mohoko Kaxflbiii flCHb)
5. EcHM Mbi nepeeflCM b hobbim aom, (KynHXb HOByio MeSenb)
6. EcHM y HMX 6ynex CBajibSa, (noaapHXb HOByio nocyny)
7. EcuM y MCHfl Syjiex BpeMa, (Mcnenb xne6)
8. EcHM y HMX 5yflex GonbiuoM caa, (nocajjHTb aeexbi)

5-39 CKa>KMTe, hto bm cflejiaexe, ecjiw. . . jUaiixe xax moxho Sojibine BapManxoB.
Odpaseii: 51 nepeeny, ecjiM... ^
H nepeeay, ecjiM Haiijiy xopomyio KBapTMpy.

1. Mbi KyoMM HOByio nocyny, ecHM 4. H Bunecy Mycop, ecjiw

2. ^ Syay cKyqaxb no xe6e, ecjiM 5. Mbi xyoMM HOByio Me6enb, ecjiM
3. 9{ ySepy aom, cchm 6. MaMa cnenex xne6, ecuM

/J,OM, G KOmopOM Mbi MUGeM cmo nnmbdecAm mpu 153

 PasroBop

5-40 KojiJieKTMBHbiii paccKas. CKa^MTe. hto bbi cflenaexe/SyjieTe nenaTb, ecjiM y bec
Synex mhofo ceoSdjiHoro epeivieHM.

V A 5-41 CnpocMxe m oxBexbxe.

, Bbi Hiyexe coce^ia no flOMy. 3aflaMxe cneflyiomMe Bonpdcbi m
nTrn
oxBexbxe Ha hmx.

Ask your prospective roommate Tell your prospective roommate

1. when he/she gets up in the morning that you get up at 7:45.
2. when he/she goes to bed that you go to bed at 1 1 :30
3. how often he/she does his/her laundry that you do your laundry once a week
4. whether he/she likes to cook if you like to cook

5. whether he/she likes to go grocery shopping that you hate grocery shopping

6. whether he/she will mow the lawn that you don't know how to mow the lawn
7. whether he/she will clean the apartment that you don't mind cleaning the apartment

5-42 Box xaKafl CMxyauiia. Pasbirpaiixe.

Bbi CHHJiH J1.0M 6e3 Me6ejiH. OocyOTTe, KaKyio Meoe/ib Ha;io Kynnxb.

5-43 Bauie BbicxynjiCHMe. Oo^iroxoBbxecb roBopiixb b KJiacce.

1. y Bac rdcxM. IIoKa^^Mxe mm cbok5 KBapxwpy hjih aoM poflMxeneii,

2. Bbi HauiJiM MjieajibHbix coceaeM no flOMy. PaccKa»:Mxe, mxo ohm aenaiox no flOMy.
3. y Bac y^cacHbiH cocea no jtOMy. PaccKa:«;Mxe, noMCMy on/a BaM ne HpaBMXca.
4. OnMiiiMxe jj.om, b KoxdpoM Bbi xoxeuM 5bi :*:MXb.

5-44 KojiJieKXMBHoe nwcbivid. Bbi Mmexe eme oflHord coceaa no jtdMy. HanMiuMxe
o5x.5iB.neH Me b rasexy.

HxcHHe

5-45 OS-bHBJieHiie. Your friends will spend a year in Russia. Look through the ads to help
them find an apartment. Then call the landlord (or write) and make arrangements to see the
apartment.

1. BaiuH j3py3bH: ceMbH c jinyMA nexbMH.

2. Bama iHaKOMaa: o/iHHOKaa ;*ceHiniiHa.
3. BamH apyiba: jise nojipyrH hjih ijBa ;ipyra.

154 cmo nnmbdecHm nembipe FjittGd 5

 Cfl AETCfl
OAHOKOMHaxHaa KBaprnpa paAOM c Mexpo, 4. Cahm Ha ABa roAa. Mncxasi xpexKOMHaxnaa
6onbiijaa KyxHH, 5e3 MeSenw. Ecxb KBapxMpa, Accflxb Mnnyx ox Mexpo na
xojiojjMUbHMK. Sbohmxb no BCMepaM. aBxoSyce. Ilnxbiii 3TayK. OcxaBAaro
179-18-14. MeSCAb M XOAOAMAbHMK. 3BOHMXe B
paSoMMe Macbi. 284-13-98.
JleTHMii AOM B npMropoAe 6e3 oxonjieHMH,
Sonbiuoii caA. HeaajieKO ox cxaHuwM. 5. lAuxy coceAa no KBapxupe. jUByxKOMHaxnafl
TejTe4)0Ha Hex. nmuMxe no aflpecy: KBapxnpa b nenxpe ropoAa b AOMe c
MocKOBCKafl o6n., cxaniiMH KnasbMa, yn. nudproM. Pa6oxaio no BeqepaM. KypaiAMx
CaAOBaH, A. 17, KysbMiiny H.C. npouiy He oSpamaxbca. 134-66-78.

Casm OAMHOKoii :»ceHinMHe. OAHa KOMnaxa

BAByXKOMHaXHOM KBapXWpC. M05KHO
noAb30BaxbCH Kyxneii. XosawKa no;«:MnaH
iKCHinMHa, BcerAa AOMa. Mo^ho c
KOuiKoii. Tene4)0H: 345-21-67. 3B0HMXb
nocne 10 yxpa.

JJoM, e KomopoM Mm yKueeM cmo riMmbdecAm nnmb 155

CJlOBAPb
Bbl flOJIXHW 3HaTb 3TM CJIOBa.

BaHHaa bathroom KpoBaxb if.) bed

rocTMHaa living room KOB|e|p {pi. Koepbi) rug
KaSMHCT study, office njiMTa range, stove
Kpbiuia roof XOJIOHMJTbHMK refrigerator
KyXHfl kitchen uiKacjD (b mKa4)y) closet, cupboard, bookcase
Me5ejib (f.) furniture cnajibHfl bedroom
Kpecno armchair CTondeaa dining room

HvicHa cymecTBHTejibHbie

aemb (f.) thing

BMfl (Ha HTO?) view
Bosnyx air
Bop ipl. Bopbi) thief, robber
rasoH lawn
ropa ipl. rdpbi) mountain
rdcTM guests, company
SblTb B rOCTHX to visit, to be at a party
eSflMTb/xOflHTb B FOCTH to go to a party, to go visiting

y MCHH rOCTM. I have company.

flBoe (rpde, MCTBepo) two (three, four) (collective about people)
nepcBHH country (not city)
flepCBO ipl. nepeBba; gen. jiepeBbeB) tree
KaHMKyjibi school vacation
3MMHHe KaHMKyjlbl Christmas break
jiexHMe KaHMKyjibi summer vacation
BeceHHMC KaHMKynbi spring break
KapTiiHa picture
Kpaxa theft
KpeAMT loan, credit
MarHMTo4)dH tape recorder
Mycop garbage, trash
d3epo ipl. 03epa) lake
OKCaH ocean
dCTpOB ipl. OCTpOBa) island
noflBaji cellar
noKyoKa purchase
nocyzia (sg. only) dishes
nycTbiHH (b nycTbiHc) desert
can (b cany) garden
candBHHK gardener
cocen/cocenKa (no KdviHaxe) neighbor (roommate)
rpasa grass
cjjepMa (Ha dpepue) farm
X03HHH ipl. xo3HeBa; gen. xo3aeB) host, owner, landlord
xo3HiiKa hostess, owner, landlord

156 cmo nHmbdecAm uiecmb Fjiaed 5

UBCTM (Sg. UBCtIoIk) flowers
MaCTb (f.) part
HepflaK (Ha MepflaKe) attic
box, drawer

HivieHa npHJiararejibHbie

rpfl3HbIM dirty
OrpOMHblM huge
OCXaJlbHOM other, the rest
npocTopHbiM spacious
CBe>KMM fresh
recHbiM crowded, small
MMCTblii clean

Tjiarojibi

BeuiaTb/noeecMTb + qTO?/KyAa? to hang

BMceTb+ rfle? to hang, he in a hanging position
B03pa:«;aTb/B03pa3MTb + KOMy? to object

BblHOCMTb/BblHeCTM + MTO? to take out

rOTOBMTb/npMrOTOBMTb + HTO? to cook
rpa6MTb/orpa6MTb + Kord?/MTO? to rob
AbimaTb/noAbiiuaTb + hcm? to breathe
3apa6aTbiBaTb/3apa5dTaTb + mto? to earn
MCKaXb + KOrd?/MTO? to search
KJiacTb/nojioiKHTb + MTO? Ky;ia? to put (horizontally)
KpaCMTb/nOKpaCMTb + MTO? to paint
KpacTb/yKpacTb (Kpaay, KpaAeuib) + y Kord? mto? to steal

jiexaxb to lie, be in a flat position

MOMb/CMOMb to be able
MblTb/BblMblTb + KOrd/MTO? to wash
HaXOflMTb/HaWTM + KOrd/HTO? to find

ncHb/McneMb + mto? to bake

npMrjiauiaTb/npMrjiacMTb + Kord? Kyaa? to invite

peMOHTMpOBaTb/OTpeMOHTMpoeaTb to repair, to fix

pemaTb/peuiMTb + mto? to decide

CKynaxb + no KOMy/qeviy? to miss someone/ something
cndpMTb/nocndpMTb + c KeM?/o mcm? (ws-sa nerd?) to argue
cnpauiMBaxb/cnpocHTb + Kord? o qeM?/y Kord? hto? to ask
CTaBMTb/nocxaBMTb + MTO? Kyaa? to put (vertically)
CTMpaTb/nOCTMpaTb/BblCTMpaTb + MTO? to do laundry
CTOHTb + rjie? to stand
CTpMMb/nOCXpMMb + MTO? to cut, to mow
ydiipaTb/ydpaTb + mto? to clean
yMCTb (yMCK), yMceuib) + infnitive to know how

/JoM, e KomopoM mm yKue'eM cmo nnmbdecAm ceMb 157

HapeHHH
6ecnojie3HO useless
flaneKO far
flOBOJTbHO rather, considerably

He/yfl66HO in/convenient, awkward

noKa so far, at the moment, while, until
paHbine formerly
panoM (just) beside, next to
CJIHUIKOM too (too much)
CpOHHO urgently
xpynHo difficult

XOTfl 6bl at least

myMHO noisy

Bbipa%eHH>i

EoTKe mom! My God!

SbiBaeT, MTO it happens that
florOBOpMJlMCb! OK. All right.
aaHMMaxbCH xoshmctbom to take care of the house
3fldpoBo! Great! Fantastic!
K cqacTbK) luckily, fortunately

KaK cjieflyer as you should, really well

KOMHaxa Ha abomx (na xpowx, Ha qexBepux) a room for two (three, four)
Kpacoxa! Wondeiful!
Ha (kom) JiHua Hex. You look awful.
noBe3Ji6 (KOMy) someone is lucky
CKOJibKO yroflHO as much as you like/want
xepnexb ne Mory I can't stand (tolerate) something
XOJlbKO MXO just now, very recently
xo;^HXb - MflXM/noiixM b rdcxM to go visiting

158 cmo nnmbdecdm QoceMb fjiaed 5

 HTO Bbl 3A HEAOBEK?

^ HSblK B >KM3HM
Ms AHCBHMKa MapKa
Mbi BMecxe BbipocnM
Oua. Ha MCHfl o6Mflejiacb
y reSfl CBMflaHMe?
Ona c HUM BCTpeqaeTCH

4 foBopMTe npaeiijibHo!

TBopMTenbHbiii na^ex
BoBBpaXHbie KOHCXpyKIlHH
ce6M
Knarojibi c Hacrai^eH -ch
CGoii

Ky/ibTypa
CyeBepMH m o5bmaM
MvieHa, KOTOpbie SHaioT Bce pyccKMe: M. A. KpuAoe
M3 poccMMCKoro npdmnoro

# OOsopHbie aanaHun
CxpyKxypa npeAiio:»ceHMH
PasroBop
riMCbMO
^TCHMe

cmo nnmbdecHm deoHmb 159

fl3MK B :»CH3HH
M3 nHCBHHKa MapKa
6-1 BbiCTpoe HTCHiie. npocMOTpiixe, hto MapK HanMcin, h OTBeTbxe na Bonpocbi.

1. Koro MapK noexaji BCxpeMaTb? 3. noHCMy MapK niiiueT,

2. IIoqeMy oh onosnan? ^T0 CNiy noeesnd?

FOBOpHT. MTO BCe XOpOUIO, HTO XOpOUIO flOMa pano. ho Ha uiocce Sbino xaKde
KOHHaercH. HBMiKeHMe. MXO a onosflin. B aaponopxy a
Box KaKHH iicTopiia npon3omna cerdaHH. Haqaji ncKaxb Jleny. Bapyr a yeiiaen

BMCpa BCMCpOM HCCKOJlbKO pa3 3BOHMJia KaKyio-xo aeeyiuKy. ne oneHb BbicdKoro

KaTfl, HO MCHH He 6biJio noNia. Koraa a pdcxa M He dnenb xynyro, ho c pbi:»cnMii

BepnyncH m no3BOHMn eii, ona CKasajia. mto BonocaMM. H noaouiex k hcm m CKasan
npn.neTaeT ee nonpyra h3 Mockbm ii ona cnaqajia no-aHrniiiicKn. a noxdM no-
xoMex ee Bcxpexiixb. ho ne Md:«:ex. raK KaK pyccKii: «npocxHxe. bu ne JleHa?» Ona.
y nee sanex no nojinxondniw. He Mory jik Ka:»cexca. ne 3Hajia hm pyccKoro. hh
fl? KoHCMHO. a xd»ce 3aHHX. Ho HHHerd ne aHrniincKoro. ^^o y^e nenaxb?! 51 y^KC
nonenaeiub! Kaxn odtacHiina. mxo ee codiipanca 3BOHHXb Kaxe. ho Bxpyr
noapyra Jlena BbicoKoro pdcxa. xynaa. y nee ycnbiiiia.1. KaK paxoM co mhoh xsde pe6ax
KopdxKwe pw^iie Bdnocbi. KaK ona 6yaex roBopax no-pyccKH. Mne noBe3Jid! 3xo 6bma
Oflexa. KOHCMHO. Hen3BecxH0. Hepex xcm KaK HcHa H eme ohhh napenb. KoxdpwM npMnexen
BbiHTH H3 adNia. a HanHca.i ee HNin na 6yMare. BMecxe c Heii.
HO xaK ToponrijicH, mxo ocxaBMn nnaKax noMa. JHeiicxBHxenbHO. Bce xopomd, mxo xopoiud
CaMonex npMnexaji e 14.00 nacoB. 51 Bbiexaji h3 KOHMaexca!

eudemhlcAUiuamh

CpaoHMxe (compare) aHrjiMMCKwe m pyccKMe npeflno:«;eHMSi:

/ saw them dancing. 9{ Biiaeji/a, Kan ohm TaHuesajiM.

I can hear someone singing. 9{ cjibiuiy, KaK kto-xo noex.
All of a sudden I heard Russian Bflpyr ycjibiuiaji/a, KaK pajiOM co MHoii
being spoken right next to me. roBopax no-pyccKn.

6-2 MapK ycjib'iuiaji, KaK aede peSax roBopaT no-pyccKn. Mxo Bbi cnuiuMxe h bmamxc':

1. Bbi Ha y.iHue. Mxo Bbi CjibiiuMxe?

2. OoCMOXpHXe B OKHO M CKaJKMXC, MXO Bbi BMAMXe:

9{ BM^icy. KaK Mflyx j\\6m.
51 BM>Ky,...
S{ BH>Ky....

160 cmo luecmbdecHin rjiaed 6

6-3 KaK MapK niiiuex? JUaiixe pyccKMe 3KBMBa.ieHTbi.

1. She called several times. 7. I wasn't in.

2. She wants to meet her. 8. I was in such a rush.

3. The plane got in. 9. I walked up to her.
4. Excuse me, are you Lena? 10. I was about to make a phone call.

5. I heard someone speaking Russian. 11. It was Lena.

6. All's well that ends well.

6-4 Box TaKan ciiTvamiJi. PaBbirpafiTe.

1. Give Mark's story a different title.

2. Tell the story in five sentences.

3. Sum it up in one sentence.
4. Act out a conversation between Mark and Lena when he finally finds her.
5. Act out a conversation between Mark. Katya and Lena when Mark brings Lena home.
6. PaccKa:«;HTe cbokS ncTopiiio, b kohuc KOxdpoM MOiKHO CKasaTb, «Bce xopomd, mo
xopoiiid KOHHaeTC$i».

KaK onHcaxb HenoeeKa.

KaK oH/oHa BbirnflUMT? What does he/she look like?
KaK a erd/ee yiHaio? How will I recognize him/her?
1. — KaKoro OH/oHa pdcra? How tall is he/she?
— On/oHa BbicdKoro pdcra. He/she is tall.

cpeaHcro (HeBbicoKoro) pdcxa. average height.

Ma.ieHbKoro pdcTa. short.

2. — KaKife y nerd/Hee BO.iocbi? What kind of hair does he she have? I

— y Herd/Hee pbi^iie BO.iocbi. He/she has red hair

TCMHbie BO.lOCbl. dark hair
CBCT.lbie Bd.lOCbl. blond/ light hair
XlliHHbie BO.lOCbl. long hair
KOpOTKHe BO.lOCbl. short hair
y Hee BbldlUHeCH BOnOCbl.
cejb'ie BO-idcbi. grey hair
Oh jiMCbiM. He is bald.

3. — KaKtfe y Herd/Hee r.iasa? What kind of eyes does he/she have?

— y Herd/nee rojiyCbie r.iasa. He/she has blue eyes.
3e.ieHbie r.iaia. green eyes.
cepbie r.iaaa. gray eyes.
Kapiie^ rna3a. brown eyes.

KpoMe Tord, vibi roBopiiM o .iidjHx:

xyadiiZ-aH (xyaeHbKiiM/-aji) thin, slim y Hee npHMb'ie B6..iocbi.

nd.iHbiii/-afl heavy, stout

y Herd/Hee xopduiaa (j)iirypa. He/she has a good figure

This is a soft-stem adjective used to describe the color of eyes.

Hmo Ghi 3a nejioeeK? cmo mecmbdecAm oduH 161

noxd%, noxojKa + Ha Koro?
Oh noxdm Ha aeayiiiKy. He looks like his grandfather.
Ona oMCHb noxdiKa Ha Maxb. She looks just like her mother
y My^HMH MoryT Sbitb: Sopo^a m ycbi
y Hero (qepHaa/pbi»:aa) 6opofla. He has a (black, red) beard.
y Hero (MepHbie/pbi:«;Me) ycbi. He has a (black, red) mustache.

6-5 OnnuiMTe 3tmx Jiiofleii. Describe the people in the pictures using the vocabulary from above.

1.

06pa3eu: 1. Cepexa — napenb BbicoKoro pocxa, xyaoM, c xeMHbiMii BonocaMM m KapMMM rjiasaMw.
hjih; Cepe»ca — napenb sbicoKoro pdcxa. y nerd xcMHbie Bonocbi m Kapne rjiasa.

2. Bojidflfl — MOJioflOM qejioeeK cpeAHero pdcxa, c MepHoii dopofldii m ronydbiMW rnasaMM. hjih
BojidflH — ...

3. JTioddBb CepreeBHa — BbicdKoro pdcxa, xyaaa, anMHHbiMM cbcxhumm BOHOcaMM m

^KCHUiiiHa c
3eneHbiMM rna3aMM. hjih
JTioddBb CepreeBHa — ...

4. Fanji— ACByuiKa cpeanero pdcxa, pbi:acMMM sojiocaMM m cepbiMM rnasaMw.

c hjih
Fanfl— ...

6-6 rioroBopMivi o cede. OnwuiMxe CBoerd apyra, i

poflMxejieM, dpaxa hjih cecxpy. B ^^^oroiZIZZZ,

"

Mbl BMeCTe BbipOCJlM

— OxKyaa 3Haexe Jleny?

Bbi
— Mbi BMecxe Bbipocnn.
— Ona MOH nyMmaa noapyra.
A Mbl HCM yMMJIHCb B
C OflHOif UJKdjie. in the same
— HaujM poflMxejiM ,apy:*:HJiM.
— Bbi Bce xaK xopomd snaKdMbi.
— Mnp xecen.
— Ona, Kaxexcfl, dnenb MMJiaa.
— Aa, OHa dqeub CMMnaxMMHaji.
— M KpdMC xord, yMHHua.
— Ona y^KacHO cnocddnaa.
— Ona oxjiMMHWueii.
Bcerjia dbiJia

162 cmo mecmbdecAm dea Fjiaed 6

6-7 IlHbiMii cjioeaMM. OStacHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. OTKyna Bbi iHaexe JTeHy? 3. Ona yMHMua. 5. Haiuw poflMxejiM flpy:«;MnM.

2. Ona Moi Jiymuaa nojipyra. 4. Mbi BMecxe Bbipocjiw. 6. Ona oxjiMMHMua.

6-8 noroBopiiM o ce6e. CnpocMxe npyr apyra.

1. Kxo Bam JiymuMM flpyr? 4. Mxo OH/oHa 3a MCxoBeK?

2. KaK Bbi no3HaK6MMnMCb? 5. Bbi xd>Ke ayMaexe, mxo Mwp xecen?
3. KaK OH/oHa BbirnaHHx? Mxo 3xo 3HaHMX?

KaK Mbl rOBOpMM O JlIOaHX?

IIpMHTHbie McpTbi xapaKxepa HenpiiflXHbie Mepxw xapaKxepa

Be^jlHBblM polite HeBe:«^jinBbiH, rpydbiii impolite, rude
Bece.ibiM chee/jul, funny HeBecenbiii, rpycxHbiM sad
fldSpbiM kind HenddpbiM. 3II011 unkind, mean
MCKpeHHMli sincere CKyMHbIM boring
MMUblM nice, pleasant HeMCKpeHHwii insincere
oSmMxejibHbiM outgoing, sociable HenpuaxHbiM unpleasant
npiiHTHbiii pleasant HeodmuxejibHbiM, introverted, shy
CMMnaXMMHbIM nice, pleasant 3aMKHyXbIM
cnocdSHbiM smart, bright HenpMHXHbIM unpleasant
cnpaBennHBbiii fair, just HeCMMnaXMMHbIM unpleasant
xaKXHqHbiii tactful HecnocddHMH not veiy smart
yMHbiii/yMHnua intelligent/smart person. HecnpaBenJiHBbiii unfair, unjust
MecxHbiii honest decxaKXHbiii tactless

luenpbiii generous HeyMHbiii, rjiynbiM not vei-y intelligent, stupid

nypaK/nypa fool
HenecxHUM dishonest
TKaoHbrn, cKyndii cheap, greedy

y Herd/Hee xopdiiiMii xapaKxep. He/she has a good personality

y Herd/Hee hjioxom xapaKxep. He/she is a difficult person.
On/oHa npoii3BdnnT xopduiee Bne^axjieHMe. He/she makes a good impression.
y Herd/Hee xopduiee qyBCXBO roxiopa. He/she has a good sense of humor.
On/oHa Bcerna roBopiix npaBny. He/she always tells the truth.

On/oHa Macxo spex (odManbiBaex). He/she often lies (deceives.)

6-9 IloayiviaMTe, mto 3to 3HaMMT. OStacHMxe m jximt nprnviepbi.

1. 05i>HCHMxe, o KaKOM MenoBCKe Bbi cKa:«exe:

a. y:*:acHO cnocdSHbin a. 5o.xbuiaji yMHWua
6. HeoSblKHOBCHHO lUeupblM e. CXpaUIHO >KaHHbIM
B. OHCHb o5mMxejibHbiii yvi. cnpaBeanMBbiH m MecxHbiii
r. y Herd /nee nnoxdn xapaKxep 3. y Herd /nee xopdiiiMM xapaKxep
2. KaKwe nepxbi xapaKxepa caxibie HenpwaxHbie? IloMeMy? IlpHBeflMxe npwMepbi {give examples).
3. KaKMe qepxbi xapaKxepa caMbie Ba:acHbie jiiifl yHMxenfl? jiJifl 5M3HecMeHa? jiJifl ropMCxa?
ana BpaMa? a.xH poaMxeneii?
4. KaKMe Hepxbi xapaKxepa Bbi 5dnbme Bcerd ucHMxe {value, appreciate) b cbomx apysbax?

Hmo Gbi 3a HejioGCK? cmo luecmbdecAm mpu 163

6-10 BoT TaKaa ciiTyauMH. PasbirpaHTe. You are quarrelling because you have both met
thesame person, but one of you likes her/him, and the other doesn't. ynoTpe6HTe cjiosa na
CTpaHHue 163.

Ona Ha mchh oSnaejiacb

— Tmm, mto T060M? c
— y nnoxde HacxpoeHwe?
Te6fl
— HCM-TO paccTpoen?
Tbi
— npoBa.iHJi 3K3aMeH?
— 3a6oiieii?
— rioccopMncH JTeHOM? c
— Oua Ha mchh
Yrajjan/a. oSMjieiiacb.
— qerd?
I/l3-3a
— CaM He Oua co MHoii He pasroBapMBaex.
3Haio.
— HMMerd, noMMpMxecb. Mwp - peace

6-11 Mhumm cjioeaMM. OSi-HCHMxe no-pyccKW.

1. y MeHfl nnoxoe HacxpoeuMe. 4. Ona na Mens? o5Mflenacb.

2. Mbi noccopMUMCb c npysbflMM. 5. HMMerd, noMMpMxecb.
3. yraflaMxe, hxo cjiymiJiocb.

6-12 noroBopMM o ce6e, Cnpocwxe apyr apyra.

1. M3-3a Herd y sac Sbisaex n.xoxde HacxpoeHwe?

2. Bbi flyiviaexe, hxo y Bac xopdmiiM hjxh nnoxdii xapaKxep?
3. Mxo naflo cflenaxb, qxddbi noMMpMXbca ndcne ccdpbi?

6-13 Box TaKa>i CMTyauMH. Pa3birpaMxe.

1. 20 BonpdcoB. y Bamero npyra (y BameM nonpyni) njioxde HacxpoeuMe. CnpocMxe ero/ee,

Hxo cnyMMjiocb. Ask only questions without a question word.
2. Bbi noccdpHHMCb c apyroM/c nojipyroii. rioMMpMxecb.
3. Bbi noccdpMJiMCb c apyroM/c noapyroii. PaccKa:acHxe HaM, hxo npOMSomnd.

y Te6» cBiiaaHMe?
— BOCKpeceHbe na BbicxaBKy.
rioiifleM B
— ripocxM, HMKaK He Mory.
— o6emaji/a.
Tbi >Ke
Mbl flOrOBOpMJtMCb.
TiiQ OOpaxHTe BHUiMaHMe Ha 3th cfioea!
— y HBMeHHJtHCb nnaHbi?
xe6fl
BCTpcMa or business meeting
— Te5e mxo, naao roxdBHXbca k aoKJtaay? CBujiaHMe
- an
-
official
a date
nOMCMy MOJlHMUIb?
Xbl
— y xeda cBMflaHMe? For example, you have an appointment wflH|
if

— CBHflauMe.
yrajiaji/a. your professor, you can say: y Meun BCxpcMa
— A Mue Henero aenaxb. c npo(t)eccopoM/c npenonaeaxejieM. If you
— H noMjiy xoddii na BbicxaBKy, xdMeujb?
c have a doctor's appointment, you can say:
H H;xy K epany.

164 ano luecmbdecAm nembipe Fjiaed 6

6-14 KaK CKaaaTb no-pyccKM? jUaMxe pyccKMe 3KBMBaiieHTbi.

1. I am sorry, I can't do it. 3. I have nothing to do. 5. Do you have a date?

2. We've agreed. 4. But you promised. 6. I'll go with you.

6-15 noroBopMM o ce6e. CnpocMxe npyr npyra.

1. Mto Bbi Cynexe jienaTb B cneayiomee BOCKpeceHbe? 3. Bbiflon:»cHbi saHMMaxbCH?

2. BaM Hy^HO pa66xaxb? 4. Y sac cBMnaHHe? C KeM? Korjia?

6-16 BoT xaKaa CMTvauMH.

20 BonpdcoB. Bbi Bce xoxiixe muxm b kmho, ho ojihh qenoBCK He Mo^ex. YranaMxe noqeMy.
You can only ask questions without question words.

Ona c HHM BCTpenaeToi

— C KeM BMepa Bbi na KOHuepxe?6biJiM
— Bqepa? C Kaxew.
— A napeHb?
— npo Kord^ roBopHUib? xbi
— TaKOM BbicoKMil napeub xcmhumm BonocaMM. c
— 3x0 KaxMH^ Onenb cMMnaxwHHbiM.
flpyr-
— Y nee hmm c poNian?-^
— jHyMaio. Hxo na.
— Ohm Bcxpenaioxcfl y«;e Mecaua ABa.
iformal Russian, npo Kord? is the same as o kom?
spoken Russian, "special possessive adjectives" can be formed from names and
nicknames ending in -a/-». These "special possessives" have the same basic endings as the
possessive adjectives moiI. xbom. Ham. Bam.

CamiiH 5pax 51 inato CamHHoro dpaxa. (cf. ^ 3Haio xeoerd Spaxa.)

MamHHa cecxpa H ihslk) MamnHv cecxpy. (cf. 51 3Haio Bamy cecxpy.)
Ba.iHH oxeu 51 He 3HaKdM/a c BanHHbiM oxuom. (cf. c samuM oxudM)
3. y poMaH or Ohm ecTpeHaiOTCH are Russian equivalents of They date. The phrases
Hiix
ee/Moii napeHb and erd/MOH aeeyuiKa are also used by young people as equivalents of
boyfriend and girlfriend.

6-17 Hhumm cjioeaMM. Od^acHMxe no-pyccKM.

1. ripo Kord xbi roBOpumb? 4. KaxMH flpyr.

2. Ohm Bcxpeqaioxca. 5. Y hmx poxian.
3. jHyMaio, Mxo na. 6. Ohm Bcxpenaioxcfl Mecaua nBa.

6-18 IlpoBepbTe ce5fl. jUaiixe aHrriMMCKMe 3KBMBaneHXbi.

1. KaxMHbi poaiixejiM 3. Camnn yqedHMK 5. Mamnna Mamnna

2. HMHMHa codaKa 4. BauMua KdmKa 6. JIchmh apyr

Hmo Gbi 3a HCJioeeK? cmo luecmbdecHm nnmb 165

rOBOPHTE nPABH.lBHO!

^ TBOpHTClbHblH na JCiK

JIuHHue MecmoiiM€Hu.i e meopitme.ibHOM nadejice

HMeHHTe.lbHblH KTO qro TbI OH. OHO OHd Mbl Bbl OHM

TBOpHXe.lbHblH
KeM MHOM ToGdff HM CM (eK)^ HaMH BaMH HMH
c Ke\r c qeM CO MHOH c To6di1 C HUM C HCH C HaMH C BaMH C HHNfH

Note
BHHHTe.lbHblH ce6fl
^The instrumental form of OHa can be either ee or eio. The
coodil
TeopHTe.TbHblH form eio is often used in written Russian. The pronouns a
c co6dM
and Tbi also have alternate instrumental forms: \m6io and
TOOOK) w hich are also used in written Russian.

OKOHHdHu.i cymecmeume.ibHbix e meopumeAbHOM nadeDtce

eduHcmeeHHoeo mic.id

Cxo-i-type nouns and OKHO-type

nouns have instrumental singular
CTO.l m CT0.1-()M

forms ending in -om. -e.vi. or -CM. OTeu OTU-OM

Notes KapaHjaiii KapaHaam-OM

yMHTe.ib yquTe.i-eM
1 Unstressed o e after hushers
(iK. m. M. m) and u. TpaMBafi TpaMBa-eM
After soft paired consonants and cnoeapb c.ioBap-eM
-M the ending is (-evi) when roicbM-6 OHCbM-OM
stressed, (-eivi) when unstressed.
3liaHH-€ 3aaHH-€M
The neuter nouns epevisi and
MM-H MM-eH-e\f
Hvm add -en- before all endings.

Faiera-type nouns have HPraier-oK

instrumental singular forms
rocno*-a rocno^K-OM
ending in -oii. -eii. or -eii.

-OH aaq-a jan-eii

Heae.i-a Hene.i-eH
Note -eii

-eii
Mapn-H MapH-eii
After soft paired consonants and -ft
cevfb-fl ceMb-eii
the ending is (-eii) when stressed,
(-eii) when unstressed.
BaH-H Ban -eii
nan-a nan-OM

166 cmo luecmbdecHtn mecmb r.iaed 6

 J^eepb-type nouns have instrumental singular forms ending in -bio.

Note
flBept ABep-bK) flj

Maxb and aoHb add -ep- before

endings: Maxepbio, aoMcpbio.
all
-blO
HOMb HOH-bK) S
In the noun uepK|o|Bb the fleeting vowel
KpOBaTb KpOBaX-bK) 1
o reappears before the ending -bio. 1
uepK|o|Bb m UepKOB-bK)

6-19 IlpoBepbTe ce5fl. OocTaBbTe cjioBa b xBopHxe/ibHOM na^e^Ke. YnoTpeGHTe

eOTHCTBeHHoe hhcjio.
Odpaseif: ctoh » cTonoM ra3eTa ^ raseToii

Bpaq Kpbima Haxajiba IlaBeji

nMcaxenb Texpajib noTonoK Bemb riexp
BpeMfl My3eM Mbino cafl Mropb
OKHO necHa Me6enb cxaxbfl Mama
yMMTenb 3eMnfl KyXHfl 3xa»: AHacxacMH
1 . What case are the words Benepoivi, HOHbio, yxpoivi, ahcm, jictom, dceubio, bmmom, bcchoh?
Give the nominative forms.
2. KaK CKasaxb no-pyccKn: last night, this morning, tomorrow afternoon? Make up your own
sentences with these combinations.

OKOHudnm cymecmeumeAhHux e meopumeAhHOM nadejfce

MHoyKecniGeHHoeo Hucjid

• Declinable nouns, regardless of gender, have instrumental plural forms ending in

-aMM or -flMM. Nouns with stems ending in a hard consonant or husher take the
ending -aiviM. Nouns with stems ending in a soft consonant or -ii take the ending -hmm.

w -aMM
^
jKypHa.n
rasexa
Mecxo
BpeM-H
Bemb
>KypHaji-aiviM
rasex-aMif
Mecx-aMM
Wm
fl
BpeM-eH-aMwH
Bem-aMM
-5IMM
necH-a
JieKUII-H
3flaHM-e
xpaMBaM
KpoBaxb
necH-HMM
jieKUM-RMM
3aaHM-5iMM
XpaM Ba-«MM^TB
KpoBax-aMM
JhH
fl
m

^o^b flOMep-aMM
nopx(J?ejib nopx(|)eji-«MM fl
The nouns nern and jiioaM have the instrumental
forms nexbMM and .iiOflbiviM. The nouns jiBepb
cocefl cocefl-aivfH M
and noHb have alternative forms jieepbMH and
JlOHepbMH.

6-20 IlpoBepbTe ceSa. IIocxaBbxe b xBopHxejibHOM na;ie:*:e. ynoxpe5Hxe MH6:»cecxBeHHoe hhcjio.

05pa3ei4: cxonbi CXOJiaMM ra3exbi rasexaiMM

cecxpbi CeMbM Bonocbi 6paxba riia3a

KapaHflamw rdcxM MamMHbi cxyflCHXbi OXUbl
nexM qamKM nMcaxenM poflMxejiM MaxepM
xanubi necHM HCfleJIM npocjjeccopa flaMM

^mo Gbi 3a HejioeeK? cmo luecmbdecAm ceMb 167

Okohhohuji npujimdmejibHbix 6 meopumejibHOM nadeyKc
• Adjectives and special modifiers for masculine and neuter nouns have the endings
-wm/'Mm, or-eM.

-bIM Mbl nOSHaKOMMJlMCb C HaUIMM HOBblM pyccKMM cxyneHTOM, a c xeM

-MM CTyflCHTOM Mbl eme ne nosnaKOMMnMCb.
-CM We've met our new Russian student, but we haven't met that (other) student yet.

• Adjectives and special modifiers for feminine nouns have the endings -oil or -eii.

Bbi iHaKOMbi c Moeii cxapmeM cecTpdii?

-Oil Do you know my older sister?
-eil Fne Bbi nosHaKOMMUMCb c Hameii hobom pyccKoii coccjikom?
Where did you meet our new Russian neighbor?

• Adjectives and special modifiers for plural nouns have the endings -biMM,
-MMM or -eMM.

-bllVIIl Bqepa mm nosHaKOMMjiMCb co bccmm HauiMMM pyccKMMM CTyneHxaMM.

-MMII We met all our Russian students yesterday.
-eMM

6-21 IIpoBepbTe ce5a. nocxaBbTC b xBopiixejibHOM nazie:«:e.

06pa3ei{: nam HOBbiii pyccKnii cxyflCHX ^ HaiuMM HOBbiM pyccKMM cxyjieHXOM

HOBbiH cexpexapb mom adSpbiii npyr moa cxapiuaa cecxpa

pyccKiie cxyaenxbi MenoBCK
xaKoii SecxaKXHbiil xbom 6b'iBimiH yqiixenb
pyccKaa Jiiixepaxypa oamh pyccKMii xypnaTiMcx rojxy5bie rnasa
M3BecxHbie yqcHbie 3tox MseecxHbiM nMcaxenb fljiMHHbie CBexnbie ednocbi
Bam yHMBepcMxex Bce Baiun pyccKwe jxpyshi Haum CKyHHbie coceuM

168 cmo luecmbdecAm GOCCMb Fjiaed 6

ynompedjimue meopumejibHoeo nadeMd 6e3 npedjioeoe

• To indicate what instrument you use to do something.

He nuiuMTe KapaHjiauiOM. niiuiMxe pynKoii. Don't use a pencil. Use a pen.

• After the verbs 5biTb or craHOBHTbcsi/cTaTb to show what you want to be.

^ xoMV 5biTb BpaMOM. / H'fl/?? to be a physician.

Ona CTaHCT ajBOKaTOM. She will become a lawyer.

• After the verb paSoraTb to show what someone's job is.

KcM paSoxaex tboa Maxb? What does your mother do?

• After the verb iiHTepecoeaTbCH/aaiiHTepecoBaTbCfl to show what you're interested in.

Ohm MHTepecyiOTCH iiCTopiieii . They are interested in history.

• After the verb 3aHiiMaTbc» to show what you're busy doing, how you are spending
your time, or what sport(s) you engage in. As you already know in an academic

context, the Enghsh equivalent of saHMMaxbca is to study, to prepare for classes,

to do one's homework.

Ohii 3aHiiMaiOTCH MeaimMHoii. They're studying medicine.

HtM Tbi ceiinac saHiiMaeuibca? What are you up to right now?
Bbi saHiiMaexecb cndpTOM? Do you go in for (any) sports?

• After the verb 5oJieTb/3a6ojieTb to show what you are sick with or what illness you have caught.
MapK 3a5o.ieji rpnnnoM. Mark's caught the flu.
il 6ojieji/a rpiinnoM. / had the flu.

• After the short form adjective ^OBOJieH (;iOB6jibHa, AOBOJibHbi) to indicate the object
of your satisfaction.

Bbi flOBO.ibHbi CBOUMii BaHHTMaMM Are you happy with your courses
u npo(j)eccopaMii? and professors?

6-22 OxBCTbTe Ha Bonpocbi. Use the words from the right-hand column.

1. ^QM niiiiieT npenonaBaxe.ib Ha hockc? 4)OToannapaT

2. McM BbinHmexe? 3y6Haa mexKa
3. Hqm Mbi MMCXMM 3y6bi? pyHKa
4. Hew Mbi (J)oxorpa(j3MpyeM? KapaHaaiu
Me.x

6-23 HcM Bbi MHxepecyexecb? Use the words below to describe your interests.

1. My3biKa, cnopx, (|)yx6dii, jiMxepaxypa, MCxdpMH, 4)Miiocdct)MH, »:MBdxHbie, codaxn,

KdlllKM, HdBbie (J)MJIbMbI, KMHO.
2. KaKdii MysbiKoii, KaKdii jiMxepaxypoii. KaKdw ncxdpMeii Bbi MHxepecyexecb?

6-24 Bbi noBOjibHbi? CKa^nxe. mcm bm noBo.xbHbi ii mcm bu HeaoBo.ibHbi. FIoMeMy?

Mofl »:ii3Hb, MOH apy3bfl, shmhhh nordaa, moh mom npenoaaBaxe.iM. Moa paddxa,
3aHflxiifl.

Moe pacHMcaHMe. moa Ksapxiipa. mom pojiMxenM, Moe o6me:*:MXMe. Moii jpy3bH. Hcm eme?

Hmo 6bi 3a nejiOGCK? cmo mecntbdecAm deejimb 169

6-25 PaccKavKMTe 06 5tmx jiioflHX. PacKpdwTe ckoSkm.

1. Mom cecxpa ywHTca b acnwpaHType. Ona saHMMaexca (acJjpMKaHCKafl mctopma) m xomct

cxaxb (iipoc|)eccop) iiCTopHM.
2. KcSjih ywMTCH Ha lopHflMMecKOM (jjaKynbTexe. Oh laHiiMaeTca (Me:acflyHapdjiHoe npaeo) m
fiyacT (a/iBOKax).
3. Aim ywmcH b MeflwuMHCKOM yHMeepcMTCTe. Ona saHMMaercsi (cTOMaTondrMa) m xomct
CTaxb (3y6Hdii epaM).
4. 3MHa yMMTCfl na (jjaKynbTexe xypnajiMCTHKM. Ona saHMMaexcji (»:ypHajTMCTMKa) m Syaex
(TejicBM'3MdHHbiM ;*:ypHa;iMCT).
5. MBan y'iMTCH na Teouor MMecKOM 4)aKy;TbTeTe. Oh 3aHMMaeTCfl (dorocndeMe) m HafleeTca
C iaTb (CBflniCHHMK).
6. Mama ywMTCH e CejibCKOxoiHWCTBCHHOM aKaaeMMii (agricultural academy). Ona
saHMMdcTCfl (cejibCKoe xoshmctbo), MTddbi cxaTb {(UpepMcp).

6-26 rioroBopiiivi o ce6e, YiHaMTe flpyr y apyra.

1. KaKMMM npeflMCTaMM Bbi laHMMaexecb 3. Mcm Bbi MHTepecoBanwcb b flexcxBe?

B '3TOM roAy? 4. Kcm Bbi xothtc cxaxb?
2. McM Bbi MHTcpecyeTecb? 5. Kcm bm xotcjim CTaxb b flexcTBC?

DiaeoA 6biTb + meopumeAhHuu nadeoic

In the present tense, the verb is omitted and the complement is in the nominative.
— Kto BduiM poflMTejiM? ''What do your parents do?"
— Oxeu lopMCT, a MaTb epan. "My father's a lawyer, and my mother's a physician."
Noun and adjective complements are in the instrumental after the past and future tenses of
6blTb.
Ee MaTb 6bijia sySHbiivi epaMOM, m ona rdjKe Syaex 3y6Hbnvi BpaMOM.
mother was a dentist, and she's going to be one, too.
//('/•

In informal or conversational Russian, long-form adjectives are usually in the nominative

case after the past tense of 5biTb.
Koiiucpr 6biJi 3aMeMaTejibHbiM. (informal) The concert was great!
Koimcpr CbiJi saivieMaTejibHbiivi. (formal)

Complements denoting nationality are in the nominative case after the past tense of 6biTb.
Hx OaOyuiKa Sbijia pyccKaa. a fleayuiKa SbiJi nojiHK.
Their grandmother was Russian, and their grandfather was Polish.

6-27 *Ito Bbi 3naeTe o CBoeii ccMbe? PacKpoMxe CKdSKw.

1 . FajiH paccKii ibiBaex o cBoeri ceMbe.

Moil npajicAyiuKa 6bii (t|5apMaueBx), a nenyuiKa dbi.n (spaM). Oxeu xoxe.n cxaxb (xiimhk),
a craji (yMiixejib) MaxeMaTiiKU. ripaOaGyuiKa He pa6dxa.aa, 5a6yujKa 5bi.aa (yMuxe.nbHHua).
MaNia xoxejia 6bixb (lopwcx), a cxajia (HH>KeHep). 51 b aexcxBe xoxejia 6bixb (dnepuasi neBiiua),
acxauy uiHiiMaxbCH (5u:iHec).
2. Snaexe jih bw iicxopuR^ cBoefi ceMbH?
a. Kcm 6biJi Bam neiiyuiKa? KeM 6bi.xa sama 5a6ymKa?
6. KoM 6bin Bam npaneaymKa? KeM 6una Bama npa6a6ymKa?
B. KeM xoxenvi cxaxb Bamn ponMxe.nn? Kcm ohh cxajiM?

170 cmo ce.MhdecMm Fjiaod 6

 )

ynompe6jieHue nwopumejibuoeo nadeMd c npedjioeuMU

• C/co to show accompaniment.
MHorwe nbroT Kocj^e c mojiokom A lot of people take milk or
HJiHCO cjiHBKaMH. cream with their cojfee.
Bwepa Mbi c Kaxeii xomnn b kmho. Katya and I went to see a movie yesterday.

3an6iviHMTe!

In English we say He/She and I or X and I did something. Ilo-pyccKH

"Mbi c Hiivi/Heii" means "51m on/a", "Mbi c Kaxeii" means "i5 w
Kaxa" and "BopHC c HaTaiuew" means "BopMC n HaTama."

The following verbs are used with c/co:

roBopMTb/noroBopMTb c KCM? o KOM/qeM? - to have a talk with

noMCMy Tbi He noroBopiiuib Why don't you speak to your instructor
c npenoflaBaxejieivi 06 3tom? about that?
BHaKOMMTbca/nosHaKOMMTbCH c KeM? - to meet ( to get acquainted with
Mbi nosHaKOMMjiHCb c HOBbiMM CTa^cpaiviM. We met the new exchange students.
3HaK6iviHTb/no3HaKdMMTb Kord? c KCM? - to introduce, to acquaint
no3HaKdMb MCHfl c hmmm! Introduce me to them.
3flopdBaTbCH/no3flop6BaTbca c KeM? - to greet, say "hello"
Otii CO MHOM He 3flopdBaeTCH. She doesn't say hello to me.
no3flpaBjiHTb/no3flpaBMTb Kord? c MeM? - to congratulate, to wish
Bbi no3jipaBiiJiu JlioSdeb Cepreeeny Have you wished Ljuhov Sergeevna
c flHCM pojKjieHMfl? a Happy Birthday?

3andiviHHTe!

— C npa3aHiiKOM!/no3xipaBJiHio eac (xeGa) c npas/iHMKOM.

"Happy Holidays!"
— Bac (xcSh) eac (xe6a) xd>Ke
xd>Ke./5I nosflpae.aaio c npaanHHKOM.
"You, too (the same to you)."

npomaxbCH/nonpomaxbCH (npocTMTbca) KeM?/qeM? - to say goodbye (to)

c
Mbi nonpoiiiajiMCb c hmmh m yexanw aomom. We said goodbye to them and left for home.

cjiyHaT bca/cjiyHMTbCH c KeM?/MeM? - to happen to

Hafleiocb, mxo c MapKOM Himerd ne / hope nothing's happened to Mark.

CJiyMMJlOCb.

The following short-form adjectives are used with c/co

SHaKOM (3iiaKdMa, JiiaKOMbi) c kqm'IIhqmI - familiar with

Tbi 3iiaK6vi/a c .IlK)r)()HbH) CepreeBnoii? Do you know Ljubov Sergeevna?
coi jiaceii(coi Jiaciia, coi Jiacubi) c kcm? - in agreement with
rioMCMy Ki.i CO Miioii IK- cor jiacHbi? Why don' t you agree with me?

^mo (ihl J a HC'JKKU^h? cmo ceMbdecHin oduH 171

 Haa and the following verbs.

paSoxaTb HSLH mcm?

51 paSoxaio HSkji 3tmm aoKJiaaoM I've been working on this report for a week
y^Ke HeAejiK). already.

CMeaxbca Hag KeM/neM?

IloMeMy Bbi xaK cMeerecb Haao mhoii? Why are you laughing at me like that?

• 3a and a verb of motion to indicate the person or thing to be picked up or fetched.

XoMeiub. Mbi 3aefleM 3a xoSoii? Do you want us to pick you up?

MapK BepHyncH aomoh 3a KHMraMM. Mark went back home to get his books.

6-28 Mbic... CKa>KMTe no-pyccKM.

1. Katyaandl. 3. Sashaandl. 5. Grandmother and mother.
2. Nina and you. 4. Boris and you. 6. Grandfather and granddaughter.

6-29 CKa>KHTe, naji hcm ebi paSoTaere.

06pa3eu: noKJiaji — HeAensi m 51 yme Heaejiio pa66Taio nan 3tmm jiOKjiajiOM.

1. — 2/Henen$i
jioKJiafl 5. saaaHMe no (J)M3MKe — 5/Hac
2. Kypcoeafl paGdxa — mccau 6. nepeBon — 5/neHb
3. coMMHCHMe — 3/aeHb 7. Haa MeM bm ceiiMac paSdxaeTe?

4. MaxeMaxMqecKaa saaana — 3/Mecflu

6-30 C KeM Bbi SHaKOMbi? Sananxe Jipyr zipyry Bonpdc w oxBCXbxe Ha Herd.

BacMnbeBHa, BanepMii IlexpdBMM, cxapuii spaq, M3BecxHbiii ajiBOKax. dnepnaa

Hajie»:fla
neBMua, mx Maxb. Bamn SpaxbH, HHHMHbi cecxpu, KaxMna 6a6ymKa, BojidawH flenyiuKa

6-31 Korjia 3tm npa3aHUKH? ^xo bm CKa»:exe, Hxd6bi no3flpaBMXb cbomx npyseii c 3xmmm
npasflHMKaMM.

1. CKdpo HoBbiM Ton. 4. 3aBxpa flcHb Maxepw.

2. CerdnHfl PoxaecxBd. {Christmas) 5. 3aBxpa Jlenh He3aBMCMM0CXM.
3. CerdaHH JHenb BnaroflapeHMH. (Thanksgiving) (Independence Day)

6-32 3a KCM eu 3aeneTe? CKaxiixe bccm.

06pa3eu: HwHa. m 51 3aeay 3a Hmhom, a ^kmbv pnjiOM c neii.

1. Kdnfl. HMKonaii MBanoBiiM. Mapna I/IdcM4)0BHa, moa dadyiiiKa, Haxama CxenanoBa, Bamn
Apy3bH, vioii cxapumfi 5pax.
2. CKa»:Mxe, 3a kcm h3 BaiiiMx xoBapMuieii no K.naccy sbi Mdxexe 3aexaxb? C kcm bu :«;MBexe panoM?

3an6MHiiTe!
1 . — 3a HCM 3xa dMep)ejtb? 2. — 3a HCM b MarasMH?
xbi Mfleiiib m
— 3a 6M.nexaMM Ha KOHuepx. — 3a MOJiOKdM M c^xapoM. ^

172 cmo ceMbdecfim daa Fjiaed 6

6-33 3a MCM bbi iijexe? CKa^KiiTc. Kyaa ii 3a mcm ohh unyx.

06pa3eu: Tum nome.i b MarasMH Kym'iTb 4)pyKTbi ii oboiuh. ^

TiiM noiueji b Mara3MH 3a (JipyKxaMii ii OBomaMii.
1. MapK nouien na noMxy Kyniixb NiapKii.
2. TiiM nome.x b arrrcKy Kynnxb 3y6Hyio nacxy ii Mbi.io.
3. Kaxfl nom.xa k npocfjeccopy. qjoSbi B3Jixb HOBoe pacnncaHiie.
4. MapK noexa.i b rapa:*:. MxdGbi B3axb cbok5 MauiiiHy.
5. Bo.i dzw nome.i Ha cxanHOH. qxdSbi Kymixb SM.xexbi na cf)yx56.x.
6. Bepa noiu.xa b 5aHK. Mxd6bi nojiymixb neHbni.

6-34 ripej.iorn. ynoxpeonxe Hy:)KHbiH npejiJior.

1 . Oh paGdxaex aoK.ianoM. 6. noMeMV Bbi He nosnopOBa.xncb _

2. Tbi ) y^€ nonpoma.iacb Camefi? npo4)eccopoM CMnpnoBbiM?
3. 51 3aeay xoddfi. 7. Mxo c.xymi.xocb MBanoM?
4. KCM Bbl rOBOpiLlH? 8. Tbi Bcex no3npaBn.ia HdBbiM rdnoM?
5. Mbi HiiHoii encM b Mara3MH. 9. noHeMy Bbi CMeexecb MHOM?
10. Haxama nom.xa ra3exoii.

ynompeo-iemie maopumejihHoeo nadejhd djiR GbipajKemin Mecma

• The prepositions 3a, nepea, naj. noj, Me:«Kjy, p^joM c are used with the instrumental
case in answer to the question Fje?

rde-?

9{ xeoH BcxpeMy nepe:i Ka(})exepHeM. I'll meet you in front of the cafeteria.

Mbi ceiiqac .lexiiM Haj nycxbiHeii. We're flying over the desert.

rde?
Bee CHiiejiH 3a cxo-xom. Everyone was sitting at the table.

rde?
Ty4).iH cxoHx noa Kpoeaxbio. (My) shoes are under the bed.
rde?
Kxo 3XO CHjHx Me«ny ^jkhmom h Kaxeft? Who's that person sitting betw een Jim
and Katya?
rde?
PfljOM c ;i6mom obi.i napK. There was a park next to the house.

The prepositions nepej and naa are also used with the instrumental case in answer to

the question Kyaa?

Kydd?
riocxaBb Mami'iHy nepej jomom. Park the car in front of the house.

Kydd?
5{ noBemy -laMny na^ Kpoeaxbio. Vm going to put (hang) a lamp
above the bed.

Hmo Ghi 3a ue.ioeeK? cmo ceMbdecnm mpu 173

 Note and noa are used with the accusative case in answer to
that the prepositions 3a
the question Kyaa? The prepositions ii3-3a and M3-noa are used with the genitive case
in answer to the question OxKyaa?
Kydd? OrriKyda?

Bee cejiH 3a ctoji. Bee BCTajiH H3-3a crojia.

Everyone sat down at the table. Everyone got up from the table.

Kydd? Omicyda?
riocTaBb Ty4)jiH no;; Kpoeaxb, JXoCTSLHb Ty4)JlH H3-nOJI KpOBaTH.
Put your shoes under the bed. Get your shoes from under the bed.

3an6MHiiTe!
IloA + instrumental of the name of a city is interchangeable with HCflajieKO
OT + genitive of the name of a city.

Mom poitMTejiM jKMByx nofl Boctohom. = Mom poflMxenM :«;MByT HegajieKO

OT BoCTOHa.

3a ropOfl/3a ropoflOM/H3-3a ropojia

B BOCKpeccHbe mbi encM 3a ropoa. On Sunday we are going to thi

Erd poflMxeiiM ^KnByr 3a ropoaoM. His parents live out of town (in the
suburbs).
Mbi 6bi.nM 3a ropoaoM. We were in the country.
Mbi TOJibKo MTO BepHyjiHCb H3-3a ropojia. We just got back from the country.

3a rpaHHUiy/3a rpaHHueH/M3-3a rpaHHUbi

HaujM poxtcTBCHMMKH yexajin 3a rpaHUi^y. Our relatives went abroad.
HaujH pdflCTBCHHMKM xMByx 3a rpaHMueii. Our relatives live abroad.
Ohm TOJibKO mto sepHyjiMCb H3-3a rpauMMbi. They just got back fi om abroad.

6-35 Ohm ^KMByx noa Hbio-MopKOM. CKa^KHxe no-zipyroMy.

OCpaseu: Ee poAMxenM »:MByx HejianeKd ox Hbio-MdpKa. ^

Ee poflMxeiiM JKMByx noa Hbio-MopKOM.

1. Erd cecxpa yMMxca b MajienbKOM yHMsepcMxexe uejiaiieKd ox OMJiaflenb4)MM.

2. Ee 6pax yMMXca b Ma.neHbK0M Kdnjiefl^Ke Heflajiexd ox KojiyMSyca.
3. Mom apyr ymi/iCH b qacxHoii uiKdjie HeaajieKd ox Jloc-AHflxeneca.
4. Ee noflpyra yMMxca b 6ojibmdM yHMBepcMxexe HeflajieKd ox ^MKaro.
5. y erd poflMxeneii ecxb flana He^ajieKd ox Mockbu.
6. y ee poAMxejieM ecxb flOM HCAaneKd ox CawKx-riexepdypra.

174 cmo ceMbdecHtn nenibipe Fjiaed 6

6-36 Hto OHa ijiech nejiaex? ITpoMHTaHTe axy HCTopnio h pacKpoHxe ck66kh.
rio^iyMaHTe, hto 5y;ieT Aajibiiie?

CepreM nocxaBiin MaiiiMHy nepeji (cbom j\om) m Bouieii b KBaprnpy. Ben ceMbfl CMjiejia b
KyxHe 3a (ctoji). Haa (oh) BMcena Sojibmasi apKaa naMna, KOTopyio noBecmiM eme mm
(cTapbiii CTOJi) MHoro Jiex Hasaa, Koraa ohm nepeexanw b 3Ty KBapxMpy. Ha cxone nepen
(MaTb) ne^Kanii KaKMC-xo GyMam. "CaAMCb CKopee 3a (ctoji), —
CKa3ajia ona Cepreio. —
IloMeMy xaK ndsflHO?" "3a (ropofl) cner Ha nopdrax", —
naqan oh m ocxaHOBMJica. Oh
Bflpyr 3aMeTMn, hxo MeyKjxy (oxeu) m (Spax) cmamt erd SbiBiuaa (former) HCBecxa, c
(KOTopaa) oh noccdpMnca flBa Mecaua Hasafl. Oh xoxeji Bcxaxb M3-3a (ctoji) m yiixM, ho hc
Bcxaji. "Mxo OHa 3flecb nenaex?" —
noayMaji Ceprew.

(A Mxo Bbi flyMaexe?)

Bo3BpaTHbie KOHCxpyKi^HH (reflexive constructions)

ce6i (cede, co6du)

N
Constructions with the reflexive personal pronoun. Read A/G ce6H
the following sentences. Note that subject of the sentence
D cede
and the object of the verb or preposition are the same. The
English equivalent of the object pronoun is determined by P cede
the subject of the sentence. I codoH

Tbi BMflMiub ce6a b 3epKaiie? Do you see yourself in the mirror?

Kaxa nonyBCXBOBajia ceSa njidxo m nomna flOMdw. Katyafelt ill and went home.
51 coSoii HeflOBdjien/HejioBdjibHa. I'm dissatisfied with myself.
Bo3bMMxe MCHH c co56m! Take me with you.
Tbi AyMaeiiib xdnbKO o ce5e. You only think of yourself.

3an6MHifref
The constructions k ce6e (Kydd?) and y ce6fl (ade?) indicate the place
where one is normally expected to be, i.e., at home, in one's room or office.

51Hny K ce6e. I'm going to my room.

npo43eccop Cmmx dynex y ceSa Prof. Smith will he in his/her
ndcne AByx. office after 2.

6-37 O cede. CKa:«:Mxe no-pyccKM.

1. that you fixed yourself breakfast today 5. that you feel great
2. that you don't want to talk about yourself anymore 6. that you don't feel well
3. that you bought yourself a new computer 7. that you spent the evening studying
4. that you forgot to take your Russian book to class in your room

Hmo Gbi 3a HCJioeeK? cmo ceMbdecHin riHmb

Fjiaeojibi c uacmui^eu -ch
Historically, the particle -ch is a contraction of ce6i. Since the direct object pronoun is already
part of the verb itself, these verbs are never used with a direct object in the accusative case.
Remember to spell -ch after consonants, and -cb after vowels.

• Some verbs occur only with the particle -ca. You probably already know the following verbs:

6oflTbC}i + genitive (Koro/qero?) - to be afraid of, to fear

aaopoBaxbCfl + c kcm? - to say hello to, to say "sdpdecmeyulme"

HaaeflTbca + Ha + accusative (ua kofo/mto?) - to hope for to count on
HpaBHTbCfl/noHpaBMTbc» + dative (KOMy?) - to appeal to
ocTaeaTbCfl/ocTaTbCH - to remain, stay (behind)
npocbinaTbCfl/npocHyTbCfl - to wake up (by yourself)
CJiyMaTbCJi/cjiyHMTbCJi + instrumental (c KeM/neM?) - to happen (to)

CMeflTbCfl/sacMeHTbCH + instrumental (Haji KeM/neM?) - to laugh (at)

yjibiSaxbca/yjibiSHyTbCfl + dative (KOMy?) - to smile (at)

• Many transitive verbs (verbs that take a direct object in the accusative case) can be
made reflexive by adding -ch.

B03BpamaTb/BepHyTb B03BpaiiiaTbCH/BepHyTbCH
to return, give back to come back, return, get back
BCTpeMaTb/BCXpeTIITb BCTpenaTbCH/BCTpeTHTbCH
to meet, run into to meet with, to date

rOTOBMTb/npMrOTOBMTb rOTOBMTbCH/npMrOTOBWTbCH
to prepare, make ready to prepare for study for get ready for

jjoroBapHBaxb/jioroBopHTb AOrOBapMBaTbCH/flOrOBOpilTbCH
to finish saying what you wanted to say to agree
SHaKOMUTb/nOSHaKOMMTb BHaKOMHTbCSl/nOSHaKOMMTbCH
to introduce, acquaint to meet, get (become) acquainted (with)
M3BMHHTb/u3BllHMTb M3BUHHTbCH/M3BMHIfTbCH
to excuse to apologize
jiOMaxb/cjioiviaTb JlOMaTbCH/cjlOMaTbCH
to break to break down, become broken
MblTb/BUMblTb MUTbCH/BblMblTbCH
to wash to wash, bathe yourself
oflCBafb/oaeTb OHeBaTbCH/oflCTbCH
to dress to get dressed
npoiuarb/npocTHTb npomaTbCfl/nonpomaTbCii/npocTHTboi
to forgive, to pardon to say good-bye
co5npaTb/co6paTb co5MpaTbCH/co5paTbCH
to collect, gather to get together: to intend; to pack your things
TepHTb/noxepHTb TepHTbCH/nOTCpHTbCH
to lose to get lost
ToponHTb/noToponHTb TOpOnHTbCH/nOTOponHTbCH
to hurry to hurry, rush (synonym of cneuiMXb)
yHHTb/HayHHTb yMHTbcn/HayMHTbCH
to teach (someone to do something) to learn how to do something

176 cmo ceMbdecHtn luecnib fjiaad 6

 Pay special attention to the verbs HaHHHaTb/HanaTb and KOHnaTb/KOHMiiTb,
which are used only with animate subjects. The reflexive forms of these ver|
are used only with non-animate subjects.

Mm HaMimaeM paSoxy b 8 MacoB. We start work at 8 o'clock.

PaSdra HaMiiHaeTCH e 8 Macoe. Work starts at 8 o'clock.
hi KOHiaeM paSdxy e 6 qacoB. We finish work at 6 o'clock.
PaGdxa KOHMaexcH b 6 qacoB. Work is over at 6 o'clock.

Reflexive verbs are also used in Russian equivalents of English

passive constructions:

rue 3flecb npoflaiOTCfl raiexu? Where are newspapers sold here?

Where can I i^et newspapers?
KaK nMuieTC» ee 4)aMMJina? How is her last name spelled?
How do you spell her last name?

6-38 KaK Bbi CKa^exe no-pyccKH? JXAiue pyccKHC 3KBHBajieHXbi.

1. I've lost your pen. 5. I'll return your books the day after tomorrow.
2. The movie begins at 7:40 and is over at 9:55. 6. I'm not ready; I'm still getting dressed.
3. Mark is teaching Katya how to drive 7. I want to introduce you to Lyubov Sergeevna.
(Bo;iHXb MaiuHHy). 8. You don't have to apologize.
4. Fm going to study for my Russian test when 9. Katya is learning how to drive.
I return home tonight.

6-39 KaK Bbi cnpocHxe no-pyccKH? ^aftxe pyccKHe SKBHBa/ieHXbi.

1. How do you spell your last name? 6. What time do you usually wake up?
2. How old were you when you learned how to drive? 7. What are you afraid of?
3. Why you always apologizing?
are 8. Who's fixing supper today?
4. Can you meet with me after class tomorrow? 9. Why do you never smile?
5. Are you staying home or are you going with me? 10. Why didn't you say hello to me?

ceou, ceoe, ceoA, ceou (one's own)

The reflexive possessive pronoun is used in the predicate of a sentence or clause to refer back to the
subject of the verb. It can substitute for the possessives mom, tbom, naui or eaui when the subject
and the possessor are the same person.

xony npojtaxb ceoid MaiiiMHy.

9{ /want to sell my car.
HoqcMy
xbi xdneiub npoaaxb ceoid MamwHy? Why do you want to sell your car?
But Tbi MHe BepHyji/a mom khhfm? Have you returned my hooks?

Hmo Ghi 3 a HejiOGCK? cmo ceMbdecHm ccMb 177

In order to avoid ambiguity. CBoii (cBoe, cboh, cboh) is used instead of the possessive modifiers
ero, ee and mx when the subject of the verb is in the third person.

Koraa MapK Kyniii cbgio NiamiiHy? When did Mark buy his (his own) car?
Korna MapK KyniLi ero MamiiHy? When did Mark buy his (someone else's) car?

Ohh roBopax o CBOCM npenonaBaTCJie. They're talking about their (their own) professor.
Ohh roBopflT o5 iix npenojiaBaTeiie. They're talking about their (someone else's) professor

6 40 KaK CKaBaxfa no-pyccKii? Jlime pyccKHe 3KBHBajieHTbi.

1 Kolya lost his wallet. 6, Sasha will return my money.

2 Nadya returned my book. 7, I will give Sasha my money.
3 Tanya broke her computer. 8, Lev gave me his lecture notes (KOHcneKTu).
4 Elena Sergeevna is dressing her children. 9 Anna returned my lecture notes.

5 Her children don't want to get dressed. 10 Olga came back from Russia.

3. Mbi Becb Benep roxoBHJiMCb k KOHTpojibHoii.

6-42 CxpaHHaH iicxopiia. HanHuiHxe BMecxe. A Russian literary magazine has a

competition for the best short story using the following verbs. The more verbs you use, the
better your chance to win. Be creative.

cnoMaxbCfl, saSjiyjiMTbCfl. HaMiiHaxbca. 6oflXbca. ocxaBaxbca, cMeaxbCH, nosHaKOMiixbca,

noHpaBMXbCfl. noroBapiiBaxbCH. npocbmaxbca. n3BHHaxbc$i. Bcxpe^axbca. BOSBpamaxbca

KyjibxypA

CycBcpHii H o5biHaH (Superstitions and customs)

6-43 npoMiixaMxe ii o5cyflifTe.

1 . Read about some of the Russian superstitions below and tell the class about one of them.
2. Make a list of all the Russian superstitions you've read about. Do you know of any
others? Share them with your classmates.
3. Do you know of any superstitions common in other countries?

178 cmo ceMbdecHm GoceMb Fjiaed 6

y cyeBepnH n HopMbi •noBefleHUH. Ectb ohm m
Ka>Kfloro Hapofla ecTb cbom behavior

y pyccKux. Bot HeKOTopbie npuMepw.

• B AOMe He/ibsn •CBMcreTb. whistle

Korfla Bbi npufleie b rocru k pyccKUM SHaKOMbiM, bw Mo^Kere ycnbiiuaTb:

«He;ib3Fi CBucreib b fl6Me!» fle/io b tom, mto pyccKne flyMaiOT, mto ec/in
Bbi 6yfleTe CBucieTb b flOMe, Bbi •«BbiCBMCTMTe» Bce flSHbrn. "whistle away"
• He/ib3H SAopoBBTbCR VI npoLuaTbCfl Hepes •nopor. threshold

(lepefl leM KaK nosflopoBajbCFi, Bbi flOJi>KHbi 3aPiTM b KBapi^py. 'MHane Bbi otherwise

M6>KeTe noccopnTbCR co cbommh xoaaeBaMn, noTOMy hto nopor

•paaflenflei Bac. Flo aroii >Ke •npuMMHe He/ibsn m npoLuaTbcn nepea nopor. separates: reason
• Bbi •paccbinajiM •conb. spilled; salt

EcjiM kt6-to paccbinan cojib, T6>Ke momho noccopmbcfl. HtoOw aroro

He cnyMMnocb, naflo 6p6cnTb •LuenoTKy cojim nepea nesoe nneno. pinch
• Hejibsn CMAeib hb yrjiy crona.
Ec/iM Bbi CMflMTe Ha yrny CTona, bn ceMb /lei He BuPifleTe 3aMy>K mjim
He >KeHMTecb.
• Mo^HO 'CrjiaanTb. endanger (put an evil spell)

HenbSfl noKynaib Bemn fl/iH pe6eHKa, KoropbiPi eme ne poflMncH,

noTOMy MTO m6>kho cr/iasmb pe6eHKa.
• Tb(t)y-Tbct)y-Tb0y.
roBopwre pyccKUM: «Bce 6yfleT xopoiii6!», ohm OTBeMaiOT
EcjiM Bbi
ne crna3MTb» m ' flenaiOT bma mto •nnioiOT
"TbcjDy-TbcjDy-TbcjDy, MT66bi , pretend; luieBaTb - to spit
xpM pa3a Mepe3 neBoe n/ieMO. AMepMKanubi b 3tom cnyMae 'CryMaT no knock
flepeBy.
• HepHan KoiuKa.
B AMepMKe Ooftch Mepnux KoiueK. Mepnbix KOiiieK b Poccmm T6>Ke ne
;ii66ht,ho CMMTaercH nnoxo, ec/iM -/noCafi KoiiiKa nepe6e>Ka;ia BaM any
flopory. Hy>KHO 'oComtm mdm oCtexarb sto Mecio. Bce-iaKM ocoSenno walk around
nenpMHTHO, ecriM bw BCTpeMaeiecb c MepnoM kolukom. fla>Ke ecib
TaKoe Bbipa>KeHMe: «Me>Kfly hmmm Mepnafl KOiiiKa npo6e>Kana». 3to
3HaMMT, mto JltOflM nOCCOpMJlMCb.

A BOT HeKOTopbie 06blHaM.

My>KMMHaM Henb3fl BxoaMTb B flOM B •liianKe, naflo ee CHHTb y Bxofla. M hat

HMKOMy, HM >KeHLHMHaM HM My>KMMHaM, Henb3FI CMfleTb B lUanKe 3a CTOnOM.

Henb3Fi 'AapkiTb •ho>km, 'HOCOBb'ie n/iaTKM m KOiuenbKM. A ecriM Bbi give; knives: handkerchiefs

nojiyMMfiM TaKOM noflapoK, Bbi flOJi>KHbi «3anjiaTMTb» sa nero, jqaTb xota

6bi OflHy KoneMKy.

Hejlb3fl AapMTb 'MeTHOe •KO/lMMeCTBO UBeTOB. even: number

EcjiM Bbi coCMpaeTecb b •nyTeiuecTBMe, nepen tcm kbk bumtm m3 flOMa, trip

Haflo 'npMcecTb nepefl floporoM. sit down (for a few seconds)

rio TpaflMUMM pyccKne npM BCTpeMe m npoiuanMH ue/iyiOTCR Tpn pasa e

66e meKM.

Hmo Gbi 3a HCJioeeK? cmo ceMbdecHtn deenmb 179

 Helena, hoxopbie 3HaK)T Bce pyccKiie: ModH Angpeeoun Kptnoo (1769-1844)

6-44 Bo BpeMH htchiih. HaiinMTe MHcJjopMauMio.

1. noHCMy KpbinoB He yMMJiCfl B lUKone?

2. KaK OH yHMJiCR?
3. Hto oh HHcajT B kShoctm?
4. Korfla oh nanMcaji cbom nepBbie SacHW?

MocKse, e ceMbe 6eflHoro •flsopFiHMHa,

M. A. KpbiJiOB poflMficfl B nobleman
a noc/ie CMepin OTua, KOTopbiPi ocTaemi eiviy b •HacjieflciBO inheritance

•cyHflyMOK c KHMraMM, >khji CO CBoew Maiepbto b rnySoKoPi •HniMeie. little trunk; poverty

>Ki/i3Hb KpbmoBa b flercTee •cjiOKMjiacb laK, mto eiviy He turned out

npmujiocb fla>Ke yHMTbCH b lUKone. Ho •cipeMjieHi/ie k o6pa30BaHnio striving

6b'mo y Hero nacTO/ibKO cuuibHbiM, mto oh 'caMoyMKOM OBjiaflen taught himself

MareMaiMKoPi n cian BbicoKOodpaaoBannbiM f\m CBoero

fl3biKaMM,
BpeMeHM MenoBeKOM.
y>Ke B •KDHOCTM KpbiJiOB Hanncaji HecKonbKO KOMeflnPi {\m youth
reaipa, ho hh oflna us hmx ne 6bma •McnojiHena na cuene. peiformed
B 1788 rofly KpbinoB nyC/iMKyei cbom nepBbie •6acHi/i. fable

Mropb MnbMHCKMM •flpeducjoeue k khmfc foreword

]/[. A. Kpujidsa «BacHM». MocKsa. 1963.

6-45 riocjie MTCHMH. noflyMaiiTe Bce BMecxe.

1. KaKMC cnoea BaM HyxHbi, MTd5bi roBopwTb o KpunoBe?

2. Mto b erd >km3hm caMoe MHxepecHoe?

EacHH. OpoMHTaHTe scjiyx.

The Swan. Pike, and Crab

Korfla B TOBapuLuax •cor/iacbfl ner, agreement, consent

Ha 'Jiafl nx fleno He noMfler, it won't go well
M BbiPifleT M3 Hero ne fleno, lonbKO -MyKa. torment, torture (here: trouble)

PaK 'fla LU,yKa

•OflHa>Kflbi ne6eflb, once; and
Be3TM c 'noKna^KeM •bo3 'BSR^MCb, load; cart; HaMajiH
M BMecie rpoe Bce b nero 'BRpflrjiMCb; harnessed up
' Ms k6>k m jie s
vT boh a Bosy see » HeT xoay
, !
to try real hard; doesn't move
noKJia>Ka 6bi fljifl HMX Kasanacb m nerKa:
•fla fleCeflb 'pBeTCH b 'ObnaKa, but; strains; clouds

PaK .nniMTCfl nasafl, a LUyKa .TflHei B BOfly. moves hack-xvards; pulls

Kto •BMHOBar ms hmx, kto npas, —
•cyflMTb ne naM; gwity, at fault; judge

fla TOnbKO B03 M -HblHe TaM. xenepb. ceJiMac

180 cmo GoceMbdecHm Fjiaad 6

 lb poccniiCKoro npoui.ioro

In the thirteenth century, the Tatars invaded Russia, and the Kievan state, which had already
been greatly weakened at that time, came to an end. The Tatars controlled Russia for a two-
hundred year period which is known as the Tatar yoke. During this period, the cities Moscow,
Tver, and Vladimir, which were located to the Northeast of Kiev began to grow, and soon
Moscow and its Moscow princes became the dominant power in Russia.

B 1453 rofly lypKn bsrjim KoHCTaHTHHononb, m rpeMecKaH

MMnepnH •nepecTana •cyu^ecTBOBaTb. BnaaHTM^CKne nMnepaTopbi ceased; to exist

CMMTanncb •sau^MTHMKaMM npaBOcnaBHoPi 'Bepbi. Korfla BusaHTMH protectors; faith

•nana, He CTano aau^MTHUKOB npaBOCJiaBHoPi UepKBu. Ha BcePi aeMne fell
Tenepb •ocTaBanocb oflHO npaBocnaBHoe •rocyflapcTBO — remained; state
KHfl>KecTBO MocKOBCKoe. Ha MOCKOBCKoro KHfl3fl M •CTa/iM Tenepb began
•HeBonbHO CMOTpeTb Bce npaBOcnaBHbie niOflM, KaK Ha aau^^iTHUKa unwillingly
npaBOcnaBHOM Bepbi, KaK na 'npeeMHUKa Bnaanrki mckhx successor
MMnepaTopoB. 3tot •Barjiflfl Bnonhe •yiBepflkincfl, Korfla BeriMKUM view; was confirmed
KHfl3b l/lBan III, » BCTvnMn b 6paK c nneMflHHi/iueM nocneflHero ^CHMJICH
BMaaHTMPicKoro nMneparopa CocjDbePi (Dommmmmhom naneonor.
BpaK l/lBaha c CocjDbeM OgmmhumhoPi nponaomen laK.
III

riocne nafleHMH BnaaHiMn mhoto rpeKOB •nepecenuinMCb b nepeexajiM

MiannKD. 3flecb >Ke Hamna ce6e •npniOT n CoctDbH CDoMMHUMHa. Korfla b shelter
PMMe ysHa/iM, mto to y Danbi « flBMnacb Mbicjib
l/lBan III •OBflOBe/i, lost his wife; noflyMaji

>KeHMTb Ha CocfDbe CMnbHOrO MOCKOBCKOrO KHfl3FI. C^TO •CBaTOBCTBO match

• nprnunocb MBany BacMfibeBUMy no
flyme m oh OTnpaBUji •noconbCTBO
, noHpaBMnocb; emissaries
B Pi/iM fljin •neperoBopoB. 12 H0fl6pH 1472 r. C6c|Dbfl OoMMHMMHa talks
npM6bma b MocKBy m b stot >Ke flenb 6bino coBepLueHd
•6paK0C0MeTaHne ee c BeriMKUM KHHseM MBanoM BacMnbeBUHeM. CBaAbSa
• BcTvnMB 6pa K c uapeBHOM C6c|:bePi, MBan BacMnbeBun
B after marrying
npMHRji 'rep6 rpeMecKnx nMnepaTopoB —
» flBvrnaBoro opna
, coat-of-arms; two-headed eagle
•coefli/iHMB ero c mockobckum rep6oM —
FeoprneM FloCeflOHOCueM. joining
B •CHOiueHMRx c MHOCTpaHuaMi/i OH CTan HasbiBaTb ceCFi uapeM,^ c dealings
•noflaHHbiMn flep>KaTb ce6H •BennnaBO, -ycTaHOBMn •o6pHfl subjects; majestically; established;
•uenoBaHMH uapcKOii pyKM. ritual; kissing

^OflMH m TMTynoB piiMCKHx HMncpaTopoB 6bin «uecapb»; orcrona Hdiue cjiobo «uapb». TpdMCCKHx MMnepdropoB y nac m
Ha3biBanM uapaMM. rax mto cjiobo «uapb» b to BpcMsi 3HaMMJio to x.e, mto Tenepb «MMnepaTop».

Hmo Qbi 3a HCJioeeK? cmo GoceMbdecnm oduH 181

 l/lHOCipaHUbi ciann •Heo6xoflMMbiMM riKDflbMM b MocKse, m n3-3a necessary

rpaHMUbi BbinMCbieann nocTOflHHO Hosbix m HOBbix •Macrepoe. Ho craftsmen

MMTb MHOcxpaHuaM B MocKBe 6bmo HenerKO. Ha nHOCxpaHueB

CMoipejiM 'BpaMflebHo, xotr h BMflenn, mto 6e3 hux He •o6oMTU)Cb; with hostility; manage, get along

MX HasbiBann «epeTMKaMM», «»MepHOKHM>KHMKaMM», flyMann, hto ohm practitioners of black magic

SaHMMaiOTCfl •BOniUebCTBOM, CHOCflTCH CMnOM ». C '« HeMMCTOPi sorcery: the devil

Oc66eHHO •noflOspeBann b stom flOKTopoB. B >km3hm pyccKne niOflM suspected

•crapanncb ne •c6nM>KaTbCfl c nHOCTpaHuaMn, mx m •cenMJin tried; to he close; settled
noflanbme ot pyccKux. TaK 'OCpasoBa/iacb npn Mockbb oc66afl formed
•cjio6ofla, •3aceneHHafl nHOCTpahuaMn, •nonyMMBLuafl Ha3BaHMe suburb; settled; which received
«HeMeuKoPi» (Bcex HHOCTpaHues pyccKne Ha3biBa;iM neMuaMii).''
•HacneflHMK rpenecKnx HMnepaiopoB, MBan CMOipm na ce6fl III heir

y>Ke KaK na •caM0flep>Ki4a BcePi PyccKoPi 3eM;iM. Oh ne npusnaer autocrat

66nbLue BnacTn 'xana m •ocBo6o>KflaeT PyccKyK) seMnio khan; liberate
•OKOHHaie/ibHo OT TaiapcKoro •kira. finally; yoke

H. rToKpoBCKMii «KaK pocjid ii crpdmiocb pyccKoe

rocyAapcTBO». MocKBa. 1914.

0B30PHME 3A3AHHfl
CxpyKTypa npejiJio^eHHH

6-46 3aK6HMMTe npejiJio>KeHMH.

06pa3eu: 9{ see cflenaio, (eepHyxbCfl) ^ 51 Bce cflCJiaio, Kori^a eepHycb.

1. M Bce xeSe paccKa:»:y, (ysHaTb) 4. MapK npMeaex, (noMHHuxb MauiwHy)

2. Mb! noeflCM 3a ropoA, (cAaxb 3K3aMeH) 5. Knpa flOMiixaex KHwry, (sepHyxbCH)
3. PoflMTenii nosBOHHT, (BCTpexMXb cecxpy 6. Pe5eKKa o6o bccm paccKa^ex, (Bcxpexwxb
B a3ponopxy) CBOMX 6paxbeB)

6-47 CKajKHxe Apyry.

1. You'll pick him/her up on the way home.

2. You'll buy (some) fruit you see any.
if

3. You'll call him/her when you have time.

4. You'll introduce him/her to Katya when you go to the movies tonight.
5. You'll have a date if your new friend calls.
6. You'll write when you are in Russia.

'H^Meu is derived from the adjective Heividii (unable to speak, silent). Persons who couldn't speak Russian were, therefore,
called HCMUbi.

182 cmo ooceMbdecHin daa Fjiaed 6

 PasroBop

6-48 Cnpocnxe ii OTBexbre. SaaaiiTe cjienyioiuMe Bonpdcbi n oTBeTbxe Ha hmx.

Cnpocume dpyaa 0tnsenibin£ dov^v

1. whether he/she can meet you at the airport that unfortunately you have a class and
can't be at the airport
2. when the two of you can get together you can't meet him/her today, but perhaps
you can meet tomorrow afternoon
3. who he/she was friendly with when he/she all of you became friends when you were a

was a student in Russia last year student in Russia last year

4. whether he/she looks like his/her mother who you look like
or father
5. if he/she has a date tonight that you have a date with the new student
from Russia
6. whether his/her friend has a good personality that your friend is very kind and funny
7. what Mark Chase looks like Mark Chase is of average height and has
brown hair and brown eyes
8. what Katya Morozova looks like Katya Morozova is tall and has blond hair
and blue eyes
9. what he/she and his/her friend quarrelled what you and your friend quarreled about
about
10. whether you've made up with your best friend that you haven't made up yet

6- 49 ^To Bbi CKajKexe? Jlaiixe KaK Md:acHO Sojibuie oxbcxob.

1. IloqeMy Bbi noccdpunMCb?

2. rioMeMy xbi He Md:aceiiib npMMXM cerdflna? Y xeda CBHaaniie?
3. KaK fli Bac y3Haio?
4. C KeM xbi 5bi.i/a b xeaxpe?
5. Kaxdn npnHTHbn"i qe.iOBeK!
6. npiiBex! Tbi yjKe naBnd mchs? ^neiub?
7. C KeM xbi 6bi.i/a na KOHuepxe?
8. Fae Bbi noiHaKOMiiincb?
9. Bfai y^Ke noMiipiLiHCb?

6- 50 Box xaKafl ciixyamia.

1. Your friend calls you and asks you to meet him/her at the airport. Apologize to him/her that you
cannot meet him/her.
2. You've arrived in Russia and have to meet someone. Describe yourself in a telephone
conversation.
3. Ask a friend about someone he/she was with yesterday. It seems to you that you have met
that person before.

^mo Gbi 3a nejioGCK? cmo GoceMbdecsim mpu

6-51 Bauie BbicxynjieHiie.

1. Ba.M noBei.rid. Y eac imelntHbie coceaM no jioMy. PaccKajKHxe o hmx.

2. BaM He noeesjid. V eac yacacHue cocem no flOMy. PaccKajKMxe o hmx.

IlHCbMO

6-52 HiicbMO B K.iacce. Help the following people write an ad. What character traits will

you specify in each case?

1. Your friends want to find a Russian-speaking nanny for their child.

2. A local school is looking for a Russian-speaking teacher.
3. A local firm is looking for a Russian-speaking computer specialist.

Htchhc

6-53 BnpjKa xpyaa. npoMMTaiiTe o6T>jiBneHMe w cKaxMxe:

1. KaKOfi paSoTHMK HyjKCH 3T0H 4)MpMe?

2. KaK Bbi flyMaexe, KaKiie eme Kaqecxsa nyxHU e 6M3Hece?

TpeOyexcsi jHeprnHKbiM MHMUMaxMBHbiii

Me.ioBeK fljifl opraHioamiH hobofo
5n3Heca. ^enaHiie paGoxaxb Ba»:Hee, nexi
onbix. 3HaHHe KOMUbioxepa o5fl3axejibHO.
Ecxb B03Mo»:Hocxb pa6oxaxb bo
BjianMBocxoKe. 3BOHiixb no xe.ie4)0Hy:
135-8417 B paSoMiie hhii c 9 no 5.

184 cmo GOceMbdecHin nembipe rjiaed 6

CJlOBAPb
Bbl flOJI}«HbI 3HaTb 3TM CHOBa.

HMCHa cymecTBHTCJibHbie nap|e|Hb young man, fellow, lad

njiaKax poster
a3pondpT (b a3ponopTy) airport
poMaH love affair
Syviara (sg. only) paper, piece of paper
(y Kord) poMaH to he romantically
BOJiocbi (usually plural) hair
involved
BbicTaBKa exhibition
pocT height (about people)
flBM:«eHMe traffic
BbicoKoro pdcTa tall person
flOKnafl oral report
ManeHbKoro pdcxa short person
MCTOpMH incident
CBMjiaHMe date, meeting
npoM3omna MCTopwa an incident happened
yMHMua (both m. and/.) smart person
HacTpoeHwe mood
mocce highway
OTJIMMHMK/OTJIMHHMUa A- student

Fjiarojibi

6ojieTb/3a5oiieTb + mcm? to he sick, to fall ill

B03BpamaTbCfl/BepHyTbCfl + Kyna? OTKyaa? to return

BcxpeqaTb/BCTpeTiiTb + Kord/qTO? to meet

BcxpeqaTbCH + c kcm? to date
BbirnHflexb (impeif. only) to look (like)

Bbie3:«;aTb/BbiexaTb to leave (by car)

BblXOflMTb/BblilTM to leave (on foot)

roTOBHTbca/nonroTOBHTbca + k ncMy? to study for, prepare for, get ready for
floroBapiiBaTbCH/noroBopMTbCfl to agree, to arrange
flpy>KHTb/noflpy:»cHTbCH + c kcm? to befriends; to become friends
3a6o/ieBaTb/3aoo^ieTb to become ill

M3MeHflTbCfl/M3MeHMTbCfl to change
HCKaXb + KOrd/MTO? to look for, search for
MHpHTbCH/nOMHpHTbCH + C KCM? to make up (after a quarrel)
MOJiMaTb/3aMOjmaTb to he quiet, silent
MOMb/CMOMb to he able to, can
HaXO^HTb/HailTM + KOrd-MTO? to find

oSeiuaxb + mto? KOMy? to promise

odMxaTbCfl/odMfleTbCH + Ha Kord? 3a MTo/M3-3a nerd? to take offense at
OdiaCHHTb/odtHCHMTb + MTO? KOMy? to explain
onMCbiBaxb/onHcaxb + Kord/MTO? to describe
ocTaB.nHTb/ocxaBHTb + Kord/qjo? rue? to leave, forget

nonxoziHTb/noflOMTM + k Koviy/K MCMy? to approach

npHJiexaTb/npHneTCTb to arrive (by plane)
cubimaTb/ycjibiLuaTb + Kord/MTO? to hear
ccdpMTbca/noccdpMTbCH + c kcm? to quarrel
TOpOHHTbCH to rush, to hurry
yraflbiBaTb/yranaTb + mto? to guess
y3HaBaTb/y3HaTb + kofo/mto? to recognize, to find out

Hmo Gbi 3a uejioeeK? cmo GoceMbdecHm nnmb 185

 ss .

HvieHa npHjiaraTCJibHbie

5a5yiiiKMH grandmother'
BblCOKMM tall, high
flenyiuKMH grandfather'
KOpOTKHH short (not about height)
best

MaMMH mama's
MMJlblM nice, pleasant

ofleT/oflexa dressed
nanwH papa's, daddy's
ndnHbiM stout, plump
pw^HH red-haired
CBeXJIblM light, light-colored

CHMnaXHMHblH nice, pleasant

cnocdSHbiM intelligent, bright, talented

XeMHblM dark
slim, thin

HapeMHji

AewcxBMxenbHO really

HeH3BeCXHO unknown
pHflOM C next to
cHaMajia at first

Bbipa}KeHH>i

roBopax they say, people say, are saying

aa Hex not really
flyMaK), Hxo fla I think so

He SbiJio flOMa + Kord? someone wasn't home

MeHH He dbijio flcwa. I wasn't home,
HecKo.ibKO pa3 several times
HCMero ACJiaxb + KOMy? someone has nothing to do
Mne HCMero jaenaxb. I have nothing to do.

Himerd ne noAejiaeuib! What's to he done.

ripocxMxe ... Excuse (me)
Hxo flCJiaxb?! What's to be done.

Pa3Hoe

a HoxdM next, then

Bflpyr suddenly
HM ... HM... neither . . . nor . .

nepen xcm Kax before

xaK KaK since, as

186 cmo GOceMbdecsim luecntb Fjiaed 6

 HTOBbI HMTATb nO-PYCCKM

^ rpaMMaTMKa fxnn HTeHun

Verbal adjectives (npMMacTMa)
Present active participles
Past active participles
Present passive participles
Past passive participles
Verbal adverbs (J],eenpMMacTMH)
Imperfective verbal adverbs
Perfective verbal adverbs
Complex sentences with dependent clauses introduced by to...
Expressing instead o/ (doing something)

PyccKan KjiaccMKa
Jl. H. Tojtctoh: OxpbiBOK H3 poMaHa «AHHa KapeHUHa»

cmo GoceMbdecHm ceMb 187

rPAMMATHKA ^Jlfl HTEHHfl

Russian written for the adult reader frequently contains grammatical forms derived from verbs
called verbal adjectives and verbal adverbs. Verbal adjectives are also called participles, and
verbal adverbs are sometimes called gerunds.

^ IIpHHacTHii (Participles)

Adjectives formed from verbs can be called verbal adjectives or participles. In both English
and Russian, nouns are often qualified by participles.

a dancing bear xaHuyiomMii MejiBeflb

"The Sleeping Beauty" ..Cnamafl xpacaBMua"
smiling students yjibiSaiomMecfll cxyzieHTbi
a broken leg cjiOMaHHan Hora
a closed door 3aKpbiTafl jiBepb
a stolen car yKpaneHHafl MaiuMHa

Russian has four types of participles:

1. Present active participles — TaHuyioiuHH (who dances/who dancing) is

2. Past active participles — TaHueBaernHH was dancing/who danced)

(vv/76»

3. Present passive participles — saKphiBaeMbift being (that is closed)

4. Past passive participles — was
saKpbiTbifi (that closed)

You should always remember the following:

• A noun qualified by an active participle is the performer of the action denoted by the verb.

xaHuyiomMM MeABCflb
..Cnautaa KpacasMua"
yjibiSafomnecH cryfleHTbi

• A noun qualified by a passive participle is the receiver of the action denoted by the verb.
cjiOMaHHaa Hora
saKpbiTaa jtBepb
yKpaneHHasi MauiMHa

^ The reflexive particle -ch is always spelled -ch in participles, even after vowels.

188 cmo ooceMbdecnm ooceMb rjiaed 7

Formation and translation of participles

1. Present active participles. Active participles formed from present-tense imperfective

verbs (^KCJiaiomHH, nocxynaiomHH) are called present active participles. To form them follow
the follow these steps:

1. Remove the -t from the third person 2. Add -m- plus adjective endings:
plural form:
HHTaK) HHTaK) HH, -aa, -ee. -He
roBopa roBopa m HH, -aa. -ee. -He
>KHBy :»CHBy m HH, -aa. -ee, -He
ObK) nbK) HH, -aa. -ee. -He
niimy HHiiiy m HH, -aa. -ee. -He

7-1 MtO 3TO 3HaHMT nO-aHrJlMMCKM? JXdiWTe, aHr/IHHCKHe 3KBHBaJieHTbI.

1. yjibiSaiomiiecfl HaM aeBOHKM 6. CMjtfliiiMe Ha njiflxe nidflM

2. CTyflCHTbi, mejiaioiuHe nocTynwTb 7. CTOHiuaH Ha yjiMue MauiHHa
B acnwpaHTypy 8. BbiCTynaioiitMM ceroflHfl BenepoM nexTOp
3. roBopHimie no-pyccKW cxyneHTu 9. CTyneHTbi, noAaidiiiMe saaBnenMH na
4. ^MoyiuMe B o5me:«;MTHHx Monoflue jikShm nexHwe nporpaMMU
5. onaajibiBaiOLUMe na ncKUMM CTyflenxbi 10. MHxepecyiomMecH pyccKMM asbiKOM cxyaenxbi

2. Past active participles. Active participles formed from past-tense imperfective or perfective
verbs (onosAaeiuHH, nocxynHBuiHii) are called past active participles. To form them follow
these steps:

1 . Remove the -Ji from 2. Add -Bin- plus If the masculine past
the masculine past adjective endings: tense form does not end
tense form: in -Ji, add -ui- plus

adjective endings:

MHxa HHXa em HH, -aa. -He noMor lU HH, -aa. -He

npOHHxa npOHHxa em HH, -aa. -He npHHec m HH, -aa, -He
roBopH roBopH eiu HH, -aa. -He npHBblK m HH, -aa. -He
CKa3a CKasa em HH, -aa, -He
Hannca Hannca GUI nvi, -aa. -He
npnexa npnexa em HH, -aa. -He

7-2 HtO 3T0 SHaHMT nO-aHrJlMMCKM? JXdiWTQ. aHFJlHHCKHe 3KBHBa/ieHXbI.

1. npocnaBumii ypoK cxyxtenx 8. ceMba, CHaeiuafl 3xy KBapxwpy

2. sanHcaBuiaflCfl na Kypc no BbicmeM 9. %MBUiMe y flOKxopa MBanoBa rdcxw
MaxcMaxMKe cxyaenxKa 10. flpysba, npMrjiacMBuiMe Hac k ce5e
3. flMnnoMaxbi, npMjieTeeuiMe m3 Mockbm 1 1 . 3a5ojieBuia» flesoMKa
4. KHHrw, jie^KaBuiMe na cxone 12. nocxynMBiuMe b apyrwe yHMBepcHxexbi
5. ono3j]aBuiafl na sanaxMa yqenMua cxynenxbi
6. ee ObiBuiMM Myx 13. npMBb'iKuiMe K paSoxe jik5hm
7. cxyaenxbi, OKOHHUBUiiie 3xox yHMBepcMxex 14. pa36y;iMBuiMH Mena myM c ynwubi

Hm66hi Humdmh no-pyccKu cmo GOceMbdecnm deenmb 189

Uses of the active participles
• Like adjectives, participles agree with the noun they quahfy in gender, number, and case.

instrumental pi
Mbi roBopHJiH CO cxy^ieHTaiviH, :»cejiaK)mHMH nocxynHTb b acnupaHxypy.
We spoke with students who want to enroll in graduate school.
feminine accusative sg.

Kto B3HJI KHHry, /ie:»caBiiiyM) Ha mocm ctojic?

Who took the hook that was (lying) on my desk?

• In written Russian, phrases with active participles often replace Koxopbiii-clauses in which
KOTopbiii is in the nominative case. A participle construction can come before or after the
noun it qualifies with no change in meaning.

MapK BCxpeTHJi npocjjeccopa, Koxopbiii npHcxaji m Pocchh.

MapK BcxpexH.n npocjDeccopa, npHexaBuiero lo Pocchh.
MapK BcxpexHJi npHexaeuiero h3 Pocchh npo4)eccopa.
Mark met the professor from Russia.
CeroAHH BenepoM 5yj3ex Bcxpena co cxyjieHxaMH, Koxopbie saHHMatoxca pyccKHM asbiKOM.
CeroAHH BeqepoM 6y^iex Bcxpena co cxyjienxaiviH, BaHHMaiouuHMHCil pyccKHM HSbiKOM.
CeroAHH BenepOM 5yxiex Bcxpe^a c 3aHHMaK)ii|HiviHCii pyccKHM asbiKOM cxyjieHxaMH.

There'll he a meeting tonight with students who study Russian.

• An active participle, regardless of case, can be replaced by a nominative form of the pronoun
KOTOpblM.

B pyccKOM flOMe Bbicxyna/iH hcMbho npuexaeiuue H3 Pocchh apxHCXbi.

Mbi obiJiH Ha BbicxynjieHHH neziaBHO npuexaeuiux H3 Pocchh apxHcxoB.
Mbi MHoro cjibimajiH o nejiaBHo npuexaeiuux H3 Pocchh apxHCxax.
Mbi Bce noiHaKOMHJiHCb c Heziaeno npuexaeiuuMu H3 Pocchh apxHcxaMH.
Saexpa Mbi HfleM b tocxh k HCAaBHO npuexaeuiuM H3 Pocchh apxHCxaM.

I
= Koxopbie npnexajiH

7-3 IlpoHHTaHxe 3aMexKy h3 ra3exbi. With the help of your instructor, determine the tense and
meaning of the italicized active participles in the following article from «BeMepH5iH MocKBa».

"Ceemotpop «BM» trajfic light

COOBmAET rOCABTOHHCnEKUHfl:
TAKCH -CBH/IO MAJlbHHKA struck down, ran over

•K cojKajieHHK), GbiBaex, mto aexn HeoxHaaHHO BbixoflHT Ha unfortunately

cmonufeeo Ha ocxaHOBKe. H
iiopory ii3-3a aBxoGyca hjih Tpo.a/ieiioyca.
3XO •npiiBoanx k ' HecM ac xHbiM cJiyqaHM Ocoochho •onacno. Koraa
. leads to; accidents; dangerous
peoenoK 'o6\6mT 'npenHxcxBHC 'cnepexiH h BojiHTejib edyufeu mhmo walks around; obstacle ; from the front
MaujMHbi He ycnesaeT hh 'CBepHyxb, hh •^axopMoiHTb. turn; brake
TaK npon30iu.x6 y aoMa NO 8 Ha y.iime KoHCHKOBa b Khpobckom
paiioHc. TaKCH c5hjio Ma/ibMHKa. 'GbiGe-jKaameeo H3-3a cmoneiueeo na Bbi5eraTb/Bbi6e«aTb OTKyaa? = to run out
ocxaHOBKe aBx66yca.
JXtTtn 'CMCxiyex ymixb •n6jib30BaxbCH •o6o3HaMeHHbiMH one should; to use + instr.; marked, designated
nepexojiaMH, HaxodAmuMucn paaoM c ocxanoBKaMH. A, KpoMe roro,
poanxe-iu, yMHje-iH aoji>KHb'i 'BocnnxbiBaxb y uiKO-ibHUKOB 'HaebiK cultivate, foster; good habit
•ocMaxpnBaxbCH nepea BbixonoM H3-3a npenrfTcxBHH, to look around
•oepaHUHuaatoiiteeo •o636p flopoPH. orpaHMMHBHTb = fo limit; view

190 cmo deoHHOcmo Fjiaed 7

I
3. Present passive participles. Passive participles are formed from present-tense imperfective
transitive verbs (nonyqaeMbiii, yBa:acaeMbiM ). To form them, add adjective endings to the first-

person plural form of imperfective verbs. Present passive participles are used mainly in "formal"
written Russian, but some of them are often used as adjectives:

nK)6MMbiM - favorite
He3a6biBaeMbiM - unforgettable
HesaBMCMMbiM - independent
Heo5xoji,MMbiii - necessary, essential
HecKJioHHCMoe (mmh cymecTEMxenbHoe) - nondeclinahle (nondeclinable noun)
(tslk) Ha3biBaeMbiM - (so) called

yBa^^acMbiM - dear, respected

4. Past passive participles. Past passive participles are formed from perfective transitive
verbs (saKpuTbiii, cnoMaHHbiM, yKpaflCHMbm). Past passive participles are formed with one of
three suffixes.

-T First-conjugation verbs with 2. First-conjugation verbs with

infinitives ending in -MXb or -biTb. -H- or -M- in their conjugation.

To form: Remove the soft sign (-b- ) from the infinitive and add adjective endings.

b OTKpbiT -biH, -aa, -bie

o^QT -biH, -aa, -bie
B3HT -biH, -aa, -bie
3a6biT -biH, -aH, -bie
y5HT -biii, -an, -bie

-HH- First-conjugation verbs with infinitives ending in -aTb other than those
with -H- or -M- in their conjugation.

To form: Remove the -tl- from the infinitive and add -hh- plus-adjective endings.

cjiejia CACJia HH -biH, -aa, -bie Stress note: If the infinitive

npoHHxa npoHHxa HH -biH, -aa, -bie ends in stressed -axb, the

HaoHca HanHca HH -biH, -aa, -bie stress moves one syllable to
HH -biH, -an, -bie the left.

eHH- Second-conjugation verbs with 2. First-conjugation verbs with

CHH infinitives ending in -MTb. infinitives ending in -ctm
(-Tb) or -3TM.

To form: Remove the -y/-io from the first-person singular form and add -eHnZ-eHH
plus adjective endings.
npHHCc \y npHHCC CHH -bIH, -aa. -bie Stress note: Second-conjugation
npHBes npHBe3 CHH -bm, -aH, -bie verbs with shifting stress
peiu pern CHH -bIH, -aa, -bie (i.e., KynHTb, noJiyMHXb)
Kynji Kynji CHH -bm, -aa. -bie have the stress of the second
nojiyM nojiyM CHH -bIH, -aa, -bie person singular in past-passive
participle forms.

Hm66bi Humdmh no-pyccKu cmo deGHHOcmo odun 191

7-4 Hto 3T0 3HaHiiT no-aHrjiiiiiCKii? ^afiTe aHmHHCKne 3KBHBa.ieHTbi.

1. 3aKpbiTaflflBepb 5. HenasHO nocxpdeHHbie 3naHMfl

2. npoMHxaHHafl KHwra 6. Kyn.iCHHbie B^epa cjDpyKXbi
3. cjiOMaHHoe paaiio 7. HaneMaTaHHbiii aoKnaa
4. 3a6biTbie Bemii 8. Bseo.iHoeaHHbie nvSm

SanoMHHxe!

The noun by a passive participle is the receiver of the

qualified
action denoted by the verb. The agent (person or thing) that
performs the action, if mentioned, is in the instrumental case.

7-5 Hto 3T0 3HaHiiT no-aHrjiMiicKM? ^afixe aHrjiHHCKHe 3KBHBajieHTbi.

1. 3a6biTbie BaMii bcuim 4. M3MeHeHHoe neKanoM pacniicaHMe

2. TeneBU3op. KynjieHHbiii MapKOM 5. flOKnan. npoHMTaHMbiil npocJjeccopoM MBanoBbiM
3. CHflTaH MMH KBapxiipa

Past passive participles have a short form that is similar to a short-form

adjective when the participle is a predicate adjective. Look at the table below
and note that the short-form of past passive participles with two hh's is

spelled with only one -h-.

aaKpbiTafl asepb a closed door

cjiOMaHHbiil KOMnbroxep a broken computer
yKpaaeHHan viamuHa a stolen car

IToMeMy jiBepb 3aKpi>iTa? Why is the door closed?

MoH KOMnbKSxep cjiOMaH. My computer's broken.
Erd MaiuMHa yKpageua. His car has been stolen.

7-6 npoMHxaiixe saMCXKy h3 ra3exbi. With the help of your instructor, give English
interpretations for the following short accident reports from the newspaper «BeMepHH5i
MocKBa». Note how the participles are used in the articles.

1. - van (cargo van)

rpy30Bdi"i 4)yprdH
c5nBaxb/c5HXb + Kord/qxo - to strike down

2 "™ y-T'ie AHocoBa rpvsoBwv,

*yprd„OM..^
^ex, B MOMCHX npoHcmecxBHH
eyJixGiuaM c cooaKofi.

192 cmo deejiHocmo daa Fjiaed 7

 KonbueBafl aopdra - jiopdra BOKpyr Mockbbi r
CKOHMaxbCH - yviepexb
(perf. only)
ycTaHaeniiBaTb/ycTaHOEMTb - to establish, find out
Ko.ibueBOH jopo™
coo5maTb/coo5mnTb (KOMy?/HTO? or xyjia?/ B 21 .,ac I, . •

o kom/mcm?) - to inform, let know

OMCBiueu - witness
YnpaBneHMe FAM - highway patrol

^ ^eenpHHacTHii (Verbal adverbs)

Verbal adverbs are non-changing verb forms that describe an action that is secondary to the action of
the main verb in a sentence and is performed by the subject of the main verb. Verbal adverbs do not
have tense, but they do have aspect.

AnHa 3an.iaKa.ia.
Miixafl erd niicbMO. While reading his letter. Anna started to cry.
npoMiiTae erd nncbvid. AHHa 3an.iaKa.ia. After reading his letter Anna started to cry.

Imperfective verbal adverbs are formed from imperfective verbs and denote action that
occurs simultaneously with the action of the main verb.

BoBepamaflCb aoMon, mu BCTpexMim When we were returning home, we ran into

jUMMy M Camy. Dima and Sasha.

Perfective verbal adverbs are formed from perfective verbs and usually denote a completed
action that has occurred before the action of the main verb.

BepHyBuiiiCb homoU, mm cpasy cenM Aft^f ^'^ returned home (When we got
3a paddry. home), we got right down to work.

Formation of verbal adverbs

• Imperfective verbal adverbs

1. Remove the third-person plural ending.

2. Add the suffix -a (-a after hushers).
3. The reflexive particle -ca is always spelled -Cb in verbal adverbs.

MHxa MHxa
roBop roBop k
JKHB SI
cnem cneui a
3aHHMa 3aHHMa Sk Cb
yjibioa y.ibioa M Cb

Hmodhi Humdmb no-pyccKu cmo deGHHOcmo mpu 193

 Imperfective aaeaTb-type verbs retain the suffix-ea- in the verbal adverb:
BCTaeaxb <^ Bcxa-ea-H
k jiaeaTb m jia-ea-H mKk
I ysHaBaxb m y3Ha-Ba-Ji

m Perfective verbal adverbs

Prefixed forms of h;ith (3aHTH, npniiTH, yiiTH) form perfective verbal adverbs as follows:

3aH;i k
npun k
yHji k

7-7 Hto 3T0 3HaMiiT no-aHrjiMMCKM? Read the following sentences. Tell whether the action
denoted by the verbal adverb occurs simultaneously with the action of the verb in the main clause
or before the action of the verb in the main clause. Give sentences without verbal adverbs.

1. PaccKaabieafl naM o CBoeii noesAKe e Poccmk), MapK noKaibisan cnaiiabi.

2. PaccKa3aB navi o cboch noe3HKe b Pocchio. MapK ymen noMoii.
3. MapK CTOfl.n b Kopnfl6pe, o^Mjiafl npo(J)eccopa Opnosa.
4. Iloy^KiiHaB. Mbi nom.Tu b khho.
5. noflyiviaB HCMHoro, oh HaMaji OTBenaTb Ha naiiiM Bonpdcbi.
6. HHTa>i ee nucbMO, Mbi rpoMKO CMeanMCb.
7. Oh yiue.i. Himerd ne CKa3aB.
8. IlosHaKOMiiBuiHCb c Ahhoh. BpoHCKMM cxajT flyMaxb o Heii Bce BpeMH.
9. ycjibiuiaB 3XH HenpMflXHbie hobocxm. ohm OMenb paccxpoMJiMCb.
10. ripHjfl noMon, H cpaiy ceji/a saHHMaxbca.

English equivalents of verbal adverb constructions

English equivalents of verbal adverb constructions depend on context and they can be phrases
or clauses that answer the questions When?. Why? or How? or independent clauses whose
subject is the same subject as the main verb in the sentence.

He said goodbye to us and left.

On saying goodbye he left.
to us,
Uonpoufaouiucb c naMH, oh yexa/i. Having said goodbye to us, he left.
After having said goodbye to us, he left.
When he said goodbye to us, he left.

194 cmo deQRHOcmo nembipe Fjiaed 7

7-8 nepeBOn. Give English interpretations for the following sentences with verbal adverbs.
Give various interpretations.

1. OTKpoBeHHO roBOpH, a 6bi He noexaji/a xyna.

2. YBHiieB ero, Tbi ero He y3Haemb.
3. Ohh Bcer^ia saHHMaioTCH, cjiymaa MysbiKy.
4. Mbi cjiymajiH ero, HHHero ne noHMMaa.
5. BbiyHHB pyccKHH H3biK, Bbi CMOiacexe CTaxb nepeBO/iHHKaMH.
6. ripoHHTaB ee nncbMO, oh cpa3y BbiGpocHJi ero.
7. Oh ymeji, HHMero ne CKasaB.

^ Complex sentences with dependent clauses introduced by mo ...

TO, MTO. Read the English equivalents of the following sentences. Note that the pronoun
HTO is stressed and pronounced sto when it is the subject or direct object of a clause.

^ KynHJi/a to, hto ny^KHO. / bought what we need.

9{ npMHec/na to, hto o6emaji/a. I brought what I promised.
Mbi noHHjiM TO, MTO ou/a CKasan/a. We understood what she said.
CnacM6o 3a to, mto bu cflenauM ana nac. Thanks for what you did for us.
CflenaiiTe to, hto Hy«;HO. Do what you need to do.
To, HTO OHM flenaioT, MHe HpaBMTca. I likewhat they're doing.
Bbi 3a6b'mM o tom, hto bbi oSeutaiiM. You forgot about what you promised.
9{ MHxepecyiocb tcm, hto ohm jienaioT. I'm interested in what they do.

TIpuMendHusi

1 . The English equivalent of to, hto (or a stressed form of hto in another case ) can be what
or that which.

2. Remember that an unstressed hto (pronounced sta) is a conjunction whose English

equivalent is often that. In English, we often omit this conjunction when speaking or
writing.

Bee 3HaK)T, HTO MapK cnoMaji ce6e Hory. Everyone knows Mark broke his leg.
(Everyone knows that Mark broke his leg.)

Ohm CKasajiH, hto npMayx BenepoM. They said they'd come over tonight.
(They said that they'd come over tonight.)

Hm66bi Humdmb no-pyccKU cmo deGHHOcmo nnmb

3. Clauses introduced by the unstressed conjunction hto or other conjunctive words (khk,
Korfla, etc.) are often preceded by the pronoun to. The case of to is determined by
preposition or verb that precedes it.

JX€j\0 B TOM, HTO Mbl HMMCrd o6 3TOM He 3HaiIM.

The fact of the matter is that we didn't know anything about that.

Bee 3aBMCMT OT Tord, Korna ohm xotht npniiTM.

// all depends on when they want to come.

51 HMMerd He cubiuiaji/a o tom, hto MapK cnoMan ndry.

/ didn't hear anything about Mark's breaking his leg.

CnacwSo 3a to, hto bbi mm HMMerd ne CKa3aiiM.

Thanks for not telling them anything.
BnaMane xpyano dbiJio npMBbiKHyxb k TOMy, hto hct CoBexcKoro CoK53a.
At first it was hard to get used to the fact that there is no more Soviet Union.
Bee 3T0 cnyMMJiocb M3-3a Tord, hto tu HaM HMMerd ne cKasaji/a o cbomx nnanax.
All this happened because you didn't tell us anything about your plans.

Using TO with the verb saenceTb + ox Koro/nerd (to depend on)

Bee 3aBMCMT OT nordflbi. It all depends on the weather

3to 3aBMCMT OT TOFO, KaKafl SyflCT nordfla. It depends on what the weather will be like.

Bee 3aBHCMT OT Tord, Kan bm CAaflMxe It all depends on how you do on the final.
KypCOBOM 3K3aMeH.
Bee 3aBMCMT OT Tord, npn^yT jim It all depends on whether or not they get
OHM BOBpeMfl. here on time.

TIpuMendHue

JaBMCCTb is always used with a grammatical complement.

"
Don't use 3to 3QDiiCHT ... for English "It depends." In Russian
'
this is an incomplete
answer to a question.

3t0 3aBMCMT OT xeSfll. // (That) depends on you.

3xO 3aBMCHT OT TOPO, HTd Xbl peUIMlUb. It (That) depends on what you decide.

7-9 CKamiiTe no-aHrjiMiicKM. OOpaxMxe BHMMaHMe na to.

1. Bee tom. mxo nopa maxm aomom.

3a6biJiM o
2. Ona He 3Hajia o tom, mxo oh yiviep.
3. Kxo BaM CKa3a.n o tom, mxo Taufl ii Cepe:*:a pa3BejiMCb?
4. Moe peiiicHMe 3aBMCnx ot Tord, Koraa najio ye3:»caxb.
5. Mbl Bce flOBdnbHbi tcm, mxo bu xaK dbic rpo BepuyiiMCb.
6. Maxb 6bi;ta y>KacHO pana TOMy, mxo ^OMb nojiyMMJia Hoeyio paSdxy.
7. Bce Mbl 6bi;iM paccxpoenbi M3-3a Tord, mxo nomeji flo>Kflb h Henb3a 6bmo homtm b rdpbi.

196 cmo deoRHOcmo uiecnib Fjiaed 7

7-10 CocTaBbTC npefljiojKeHMH. ynoTpe5HTe 4)pa3bi b cK66Kax.

1. (to, mto xoxen/a KynMTb) 51, HaKoneu, KynMJi/a

2. (to, mto MapK cnoMan Hory) Bbi cnbimajiM o
3. (to, mto Mbi Tax flojiro MCKanM) BMCpa Mbi HauiJiM

4. (to, KaK yKKnn 100 nex Hasan) OMjibM paccKa3biBaeT o

5. (to, mto oh »CeHMTCJl) Apyr Hanwcan e nMCbMe o

Using TO to introduce time clauses: before and after

Before After
flo (anytime before) ndcjie
nepefl (just before)
AO Tord KaK
nepefl tcm KaK ndcne Tord KaK

The English words before and after are both prepositions and conjunctions. In Russian, you
must make a distinction between the prepositions ^o, nepeji, and nocjie and the conjunction
phrases no xord KaK, nepej^ xeivi KaK and nocjie Toro KaK.

Prepositions Conjunctions
9{ npMfly ndcjie yjKMHa. 9{ npwfly, nocjie xord KaK noy:«MHaK).
I'll come over after supper I'll come over after I eat supper
Ilepefl CHdM a o5biMHO npwHMMaK) nym. Ilepefl TCM KaK ncMb cnaTb, a oSumho
/ usually take a shower before going to bed. npMHMMaK) flyui.
/ usually take a shower before going to bed.

Oh 3a6ojTen nepea HaMajiOM saHHTMM. Oh 3a6oneji, nepen xeivi KaK naManMCb

He got sick just before classes started. 3aH3TMa.
He got sick just before classes started.
Oh 3a5oiien nocjie nanajia sanHTMii. Oh 3a5ojieii, nocjie xord KaK HaManwcb
He got sick after classes started. sanaTMH.
He got sick after classes started.

3to cjiyMMjiocb flo Hamero npiieBAa. 3to cnyMMnocb, flo xord KaK Mbi npnexanM.
That happened before our arrival. That happened before we arrived.

SanoMHHxe!

An infinitive can be used after nepea xeM KaK. . . if it refers

the action performed by the subject of the main clause.

Ilepefl TCM KaK yiiTM, a ydpdn/a KsapTMpy.

/ cleaned the apartment before leaving.

Ilepefl TCM KaK ohm npnuiJiM, a y5paji/a KBapxMpy.

/ cleaned the apartment before they came over.

Hm66hi Humdmb no-pyccKU cmo deoHHOcmo ceMb 197

7-11 CocxaBbTe npejiJiojKeHMH. ynoTpe6HTe nepea xeivi KaK or ndcjie xoro kek.

Odpasubi. Oh yiiien. Oh co bccmm nonpomanca. ^

riepeflTCM KaK yiiTii, oh co bccmm nonpomajiCH.
Ilepea tcm KaK oh yuieji, oh co bccmm nonpomajiCH.
5{ BaKOHMy 3Ty paGoxy. ^ nottxiy ;iom6h. m
Ilocjie xoro KaK n BaKOHMy 3xy pa66xy, n noftjiy jioyvdvi.

1. 3aHflXM5i KOHMaxcH. 5{ noeay flOMoii.

2. 3aHaxM5i KOHMaxcfl. R £idn:»ceH/flon:»cHa caaxb flee KypcoBbie paSdxbi.
3. Bbi CHuexe b caMonex. Bbi aoii»:Hbi noKasaxb BM3y, nacnopx m aBMa5Mnex.
4. Tom m JlwHAa nojiyMH^iH flMnnoM. Ohm noexanM b Poccmk) npenoaaBaxb aHrnMMCKWM si3biK.

5. Tom m JlpiHAa noexanw b Poccmk) npenoaaBaxb aHrnMMCKMii si3biK. Ohm npocjiymauM

cneuKypc no npenonaBaHMio anrjiMMCKoro 5i3biKa KaK MHOCxpaHHoro.
6. Bbi 5yflexe roBopnxb c nefi. OpoMMxaftxe ee HOByio KHHry.

^ Expressing instead of (doing something)

Instead of... is expressed in Russian by the phrase BMecmo moed Hmd6u + infinitive."

Biviecxoxoro HxoSbi roxoBHXbca Instead of preparing for the exam,

K KOHxpdnbHOM, OHM MrpajiM B BoneiiSdn. they played volleyball.

Bmccxo xoro MxdSw noexaxb b Poccmio, Instead of going to Russia,

OHM noeflyx e KMxaM. they will go to China.

7-12 CKajKMxe no-pyccKii. YnoTpedine BMecmo moed umodH...

1. your friend went to Russia for a year instead of going to graduate school.
2. you decided to register for a physics course instead of an astronomy course.
3. you went to the movies last night instead of studying.
4. you watched a late movie on TV last night instead of going to bed early.
5. you've decided to work next year and make some money instead of going to school.
6. instead of finishing up your term paper last night, you went to bed early and slept all night.
7. Advise your friend that he/she should swim instead of jogging every day.
8. Advise your friend that he/she should get some exercise instead of sitting around and
watching TV all the time.

198 cmo deoMHocmo ctdceMb Fjiaed 7

 OTpbiBOK H3 poMana Jl. H. To.icToro «AHHa KapeHUHa»

7-13 HifxaeM K.iacciiKv. Read from Anna Karenina. in which Tolstoy

the following passage
describes Count Vronsky's meeting with Anna. Give English equivalents for the
first
highlighted verbal adjective (participle) and verbal adverb constructions.

i:xvm
BpoHCKMti noLuen sa KOHnyiaopoM b earoH m 'npn exone b •orneneHne while entering: compartment
•cxjiBHOBiincn. MT66bi naib •nopory BbixoflMBiueM naMe. Flo onHOMy Bsrjiflny stopped: way
HB •BHeiuHOCTb 3Toii AaMbi. BpoHCKMM •onpenefiiiji ee •npMHaflne)KHOCTb k external appearance: determined
BbiciueMy cseTy. Oh msbmhmjich m • nomen 6biJio b saroH. ho noMyBCTBOBan belonging (to): was about to go
•HeoSxoAMMocTb eu^e pa3 BarnnHyrb na nee —
ne noTOMy, mto ona Sw/ia necessity
OHGHb KpacMBa. HO noTOMy, HTO B •BbipaxGHMn •MunoBMAHoro nnua. 6bmo expression : attractive
MTO-TO •oc66eHHO •nacKOBoe n •He>KHoe. Koraa oh ornnHyjicfl. ona T6>Ke especially: affectionate: tender
•noBepnyjia ro/iosy, •BiiecTHiune. Kaaasujuecn reMHbiMn or •rycTbix turned: 6.iecTeTb - to sparkle: thick

•pecHMu, cepbie rnaaa npy>Kenk)6H0. BHUMare/ibHO ocTaHOBMnncb na ero eyelashes

nnue. • KaK Svato ona •npusHasana ero. B stom "KOpHDrKOM Bsrnflne as if: recognized: short, quick
BpoHCKMM ycne/1 saMernTb •CAep>KaHHyK} •o>KHBneHHOCTb. Koiopan nrpana caep^axb - to subdue: vitality

B ee JiMue m 'nopxana Me>Kfly 6iiecTHmMMM rjiasaMn m "Myrb •saMeiHoPi flitted: barely: perceptible

yjibi6K0ii. •M3rii6aBiijeK) ee 'pyMAHbie •ry6bi. Ona •noTyiuMna •yMbimneHHO to cun-e: red; lips; extinguished
CBGT B rnaaax. ho oh CBeTvincfl •npoinB ee 'Bonn b nyrb saMetHOki y;ibi6Ke. deliberately: against: will
BpOHCKMM BOLuen B BaroH. Maib ero, 'cyxafl crapyiuKa c HepHbiMn withered, dried up
r/iaaaMn •mypujiacb. •Br/iHAbiBancb b cwna, m cnerKa y/iwOanacb squinted; BriajiuBaTbcsi - to look

•TOHKMMn ry6aMM. •noflHflBiiJMCb c AnaaHMMKa M 'nepeAae •ropnuHHOM thin: noaHSTbcs = BcxaTb; to hand over:
•MeiuoHeK, ona •noAa/ia Ma/ieHbKyio cyxyK) pyKy Cbiny. n. •noflHHB ero maid: little bag: offer: to raise

rojiOBy OT pyKM. •noue/iOBana ero b jimuo. kissed

— DonyHiin TenerpaMMy? -SAopoB? •Cnasa Bory. Are yvu well?; Thank God
— •Xopoujo Aoexann? — CKa3a;i cwh. 'caAncb •noA/ie nee m Did you have a good trip?; caairrbcsi;
•HeBOJibHO •npMC/iymMsaflCb k >KeHCKOMy •rojiocy ns-sa Asepn. Oh snan, mto next to: unwillingly: npiiciyrnHBaTbCH-
3T0 6bin ronoc tom AaMw. Koropan BCTpexMnacb eMy npn BxoAe. to listen; voice

— •Bce-raKM c bbmh "ne cornacna. — roBopMn ro/ioc AaMbi.

fl all the same; don't agree
— rieTepSyprcKMii •BsrnflA. "cyAapbinn. viei%-; madam
— He neTep6yprcKMM. a •npocio >KeHCKHM, — oTBenana ona. simply
— •Hy-c, •nosBonbTe nouejiOBarb Bamy pyMKy. Well, ma' m: permit, allow
— flo CBMAaHbFi. Mbbh nerpoBMH. ^a nocMorpMre. ne ryr 6paT, n
•noLumiie ero ko Mne. — CKaaana AaMa y caMoii Asepn m •chobb Bom/ia b noc-iaxb - to send: onarb
OTAe/ieHne.
— Hto >k, HaiunM Opara?— CKasana BponcKafl. •oOpamancb k aaMe. oopamaxbCH - to address
BpoHCKUM BcnoMHun renepb, hto 3to 6bina Kapennna.
—
Baai 6paT aaecb, —
CKasan oh. sciaBafl. —
MsBUHiiTe mshfi, a ne
ysnan bbc, fla m naiue anaKOMCTBO 6biJio tbk 'kopotko, CKasan — short
BpoHCKufi. •KiiaHflHCb. —
HTO Bbi. •BepHO, He noMHMTe Menn. K-iaHJiTbCH - to bow: probably
— —
O HeT. CKaaana ona, r 6bi ysnana sac. noTOMy hto mu c
BameK)^ •MaTyiuKOM. Ka^KeTcn. bcio flopory rosopiinn TonbKO o sac, — MaMa
CKasajiaoHa, •no3BonHH, HaKoneu. •npocMBiueMycH "Hapy^Ky permitting: npocifTbca-/o beg; to get out
•OMUB/ieHMK). •BbipasMTbCfl B ynbi6Ke. — A 6paTa woero Bce-TaKH hct. vitality: to express itself

'Feminine qualifiers can also have the instrumental ending -oio/-eio. This usage is often occurs in poetry and
nineteenth-century writing.The instrumental forms MHoii. To6ott can also be mhoio. To5dio.

Min66hi Hiimduih no-pyccKii cmo deQRHOctno deesimb 199

 — •no30BM >Ke ero, A/ieiua, — CKasa/ia crapan •rpactDMHfl. nosBaxb - to call; countess
BpoHCKuPi Bb'iLue/i Ha nnaicjDopMy n •KpiiKHyji: shouted
— 06n6HCK\A{A\ 3flecb!
Ho KapeHMHa He "flOKfla/iacb bpaia, a, •yBHAae ero, wait for; yBHflarb = yBMflexb
•peujMTenbHbiM •nerKUM •maroM Bbimna m3 Barona. M, KaK TO/ibKO decisive; light; step, gait

6paT •noflome/i k new, ona 'oexBaTkina bpaia jieBOio pyKoPi 3a •meio, approached; grasped; neck
6biCTpo •npnTflHyna k ce6e n "KpenKO nouenoBa/ia. BponcKuPi, ne pulled; firmly
•cnycKan rjia3, CMorpe/i na nee n, caM ne snan neiviy, ynbi6ancfl. Ho cnycKaxb - to take off

•BcnoMHUB, MTO MBTb >Kfla/ia ero, OH onflTb BOiue/i b Baron. BcnoMHMTb - to remember
—
He npasfla /in, OMenb 'ivinjia? —
CKasana rpacjDMHH npo nice, pretty, sweet
KapeHMHy. — Ee My>K co mhok) •nocaAM/i, n r OMenb pafla 6bma. Bckd seated
flopory Mbi c HeM 'nporoBopkiJin. spent talking
KapeHnna onfiTb Bom/ia b saroH, MT66bi •npocTMTbCfl c to say goodby to
rpacfDMHePi.
— Hy BOT, BcrpeTMnn Cbina, a n 6paTa, — Bece/io
rpac|3MHfl, Bbi

CKasa/ia ona. — M see ncTopnn mom •ncToiMw/incb; nenero •fla/ibiue are exhausted; further
6b'mo 6bi paccKasbiBaib.
— Hy, Hei, — CKasana rpac|3MHn, b3hb ee sa pyKy, — a 6bi c

BaMM ' oSbexa/ia BOKpyr CBeia n ne •cocKyMnnacb 6bi. Bbi oflna m3 rex travel around the world; get bored
MMJibix >KeHiMMH, c KOTopbiMn M noroBopMTb H 'noMonMaTb npHHTHO. A to he silent, say nothing
o cb'ine BaiueM, no>Ka;iyPiCTa, ne flyiviaMTe: He/ibSFi >Ke HMKor^a ne
•pasnynaTbCfl. part, become separated
KapeHMHa ciofl/ia •HenoflBM>KHO, n rjiasa ee ynbiOanncb. motionless
— ApKaflbesHbi, — CKa3a;ia rpacjDMHH, •o6'bRCHnn cbiny,
y Ahhw 06T>flCHaTb
— eCTb CblHOK BOCbMM HBT, Ka>KeTCfl, M OHa HMKOrfla C HUM He
pasjiyHanacb n 'Bce •MyMaeicfi, mto •ocraBM/ia ero. constantly, all the time; tormented; left
— fla, Mbi Bce BpeMH c rpacjDMHePi roBopM/in, n o CBoeM, ona o
CBoeM Cbine, — CKa3a;ia Kapennna, n onaib y;ibi6Ka •ocBeiM/ia ee illuminated
n\Au,o, y;ib'i6Ka nacKOBan, •OTHOciiBiijaRCH k neiviy. OTHOCHTbca - to be meant for
— •BepoFiTHO, 3T0 BaM OHCHb •HacKyHnno, CKasan oh. Ho ona probably; to bore
o6paTMnacb k ciapoPi rpacfDMHe:
— O^eHb 6jiaroflapK5 sac. R n ne BMfla/ia, KaK npose/ia
BMepaiuHMCi flenb. flo CBnflaHbfl, rpac^DMHH.
— ripoLMaMTe, MoPi flpy>K6K, — OTBenana rpacjDMHfl. — flaPire
noue/iOBaib Bame xopomeHbKoe jimmmko.
Ona noKpacne/ia, cnerKa •narnynacb, •noAcxaBn/ia CBoe nnuo bent over; put (up to)
•ry6aM rpacfDMHn, oriFiTb •BbinpflMUJiacb m noflana pyKy BpoHCKOMy. lips; straightened up
Oh •no>Ka;i ManenbKyio eiviy noAaHHyK) pyKy. Ona Bb'iuj/ia bbicipoKD squeezed/ shook
noxoflKOM, laK cipaHHO /lerKO HOCiiBiijeK> ee •flOBOJibno "no/iHoe HOCHTb — to carry; rather; full
•leno. body
— OneHb Mn/ia, — CKa3a/ia ciapyiuKa. •TojKecaMoe flywaji ee the same (thing)
CbiH. Oh 'npoBO^Kan ee r;ia3aMM jqo lex nop, 'noKa ne •CKpb'macb ee accompanied; until
rpaun63HaH cjDnrypa, n ynb'i6Ka •ocraHOBMnacb na ero nnue. B okho here: disappeared; here: remained
OH BMfle/i, KaK ona nofloiu/ia k bpaiy, nono>Kii/ia eiviy pyKy na pyKy ii
4t6-to o>KHBneHHO HaMa/ia roBopwib eMy, OMeBWflHO o ^eM-io ne
HMetomoM HMHero •66iu,ero c hum, c BponcKUM, n eMy sto common
noKasa/iocb 'AOcaAHbiM. vexing, irritating

200 deecmu rjiaod 7

 BOKPyr CBETA

# HSblK B 7KV\3HV\

riHCbMO B 6K)p6 nyTeuiecTBHH

riopa noziyMaTb o jicthhx KaHHKyjiax
rijiaHbi Ha BbixoAHbie ann
EcjTH Bbi co5HpaeTecb nyTemecTBOBaxb

4 foBOpiiTe npaBMjibHo!

Diarojibi flBH:»ceHHH 6e3 npHCxaBOK

Kyjibiypa
MMCHa, KOTOpbie snaiOT Bce pyccKMe: C. A. MapiudK
Ms poccMMCKoro npouiJToro

4 0636pHbie saaaHun
CxpyKTypa npeanojKeHMfl
PasroBop
riMCbMO
^TCHMe

deecmu oduH 201

 .

M3WK B mmnii

/\3POTyP BAM M BALUMM flETRM

B AHU OCeHHUX LUKOnbHblX KaHMKy/l
A3P0TyP npeflfiaraer nocernTb:

BYflAnELLIT (6 ahcm) B CTOHMOCTb BXOAfT:

BEHA (7 flHeti) / aananepener;
pasMCLueHne b ipexsaesAOMHOM oiene;
/honynaHCMOH.
3BOHHTe: (095) 451-83-56

Iliicbivid B 6iop6 nyxemecTBHii

8-1 Mne Heo6xoAHivia MH({}opiviauMfl. O hcm Mflex peqb b nncbMe?

1. noflyMaiiTe: Ecnu bu xotmtc nyxemecTBOBaTb, mto bem uyyKHO peiiiMTb sapanee?

2. npoMHTaiiTe niicbMO ii CKaxMxe, KaKyio MHcJjopiviauMK) xomct nojryMHTb MapK.
3. KaKMe Bonpocbi b erd nMCbMe BaM KaxyxcH caMbiMM Ba:acHbiMM? KaKwe Bonpdcbi Bbi 6bi limnvi?

432 West 116 ST., Apt

New York, NY USA 10045-5500
23 aimapa

B l)i<)|)() ii> iciiM'i I liiiii II 3k(:k.\ pcnii 'v\3|)or\ |)»

> i!a>Ka<'\ii,i(' rocnoia!

}l XOKM Ol.l ll().l\ Ml! I 1, llllf|)()|)MailllKl () T\ |)a\.

opi aiiii.i\ cMi.ix DaiiiiiM uKipo ii\ifiiit'( iiniii iio cipaiuni
Hoi iii'iiinii I'jipoiihi. Iio i;pr\tH .iciiiiix i,aiiiiK_\.i a xomn
iiocxaii, i; llpiina.iiiiiH Mir i
ii.aiii.i: .laimiH). .liiriiN n
3( KMIIIKl. Upinir KIK). MCIUI lllliCpiM \l'r BO.SMO/KIIOCI I,

llOf.i lMI I! I l(».l|.lll> . HCMIK), (\l(Miai,i|M. ho.li aplIK) II

) i>|)aiiii\

}| ii;iM('|i('ii (K i;iiiai!.iiii;ii I"

1 1,( I' il'ill 1|\ \I0.10 1CH>HM\
I (K. niiiiiuax 11. Ill 'ia( iiii.ix i(ni;:\ ' naiiii'
I 111 dio|)()
noMOMb MHe Bbiniiaii. \ia|)iii|i\ .1 ! ! nii.ici hi?
H TaW/Hc \o'i\ ilia II.. I! i,,i iii.i I pt'd\ H)f (;a Riii^hf
II Kai.lIC ll|)11l!llliKII |it'K(l\lt'll |\ I

.Japaiii't' i;a\i n.iai (> n

VlapK Mciic

202 doecmu daa Fjiaed 8

8-2 Kipra. HaiLDrre Ha Eapnre
cipaHU BocTowcm Eqjdou.
B EOTUpb^ Maps xoner noexarb.
3Ha£Te nn bu CTanaiM ?rm
cipaH?

V.

54

yeaxaeBfiii rocnojHH %ac!

CnacMOO 3a Bam «rrqpec k Doei^iKaM. opranpyeafiiM Bammf 6iopo nyretnecTBadi

H BKCKypcHi. BucuuiaeM BaM peciaMHyio opoonopy c omcaEneM Mapmpyrra nea.
KaK Bu BUHie. mu MoatcM opran30Ban> xia Bac noeii^iKy Ba noe^je hoh aa
aBTOOvce a.-ni iiOMORb BaM Bamm ManmHy. Ecth Bu xorwre iliuti> aa KopaSLie.
B«u ifoxeM 3ua3xn» ii,ia Bac Kaicny sa oiiBoro miih aa ^ibohx. Hame oiopo mozct
3aKa3aTi> xia Bac aoMcp b rocTBBme. saecro b BcanoneaoKMii omoeanraH h.ih
KOMBary b iiacTBOM jmic.
Ik) Bonpocy o BH3ax BaM c.iej> er o^ianni>cfl s oocolhiCtbo bhs KoacyjibCTBO
crpaflu. Koropyio Bu saMepeau nocerHn*-
nepej ooe3jcoi s BeKOTOpue crpaau aa j.iBTe.ii>Hia cpoc rpeoyerca c:ie;BTi>
aBa.iB3 KpoH aa CTHIil pu iqiHBaBOK.
Hajeiocb. <ito mu cs«oxeM ^»>m» BaM bclicibu.

15. n
C yvaacemcM
iltqiecTOp onpo ayieinecTBai b 3KCKypaBl «A3poTyp»

A- B. CMBpoosa

Boh-pre ceema dmmmpm 2«3

8-3 rioroBopiiM o ce6e. Bbi judSHxe nyxeuiecxBOBaTb. IloMeMy? Die bm y^Ke 6biJiH?
Kyaa Bbi xoTHTC noexaxb?

8-4 Box xaKafl ciixyamia. PasbirpaMxe. Bbi c pyccKMMM npyshium peiuMnM nyxeuiecxBoeaxb
no ANiepMKe. Oriih h3 eac ayMaex, mxo nymue nexexb, flpyrdii, mxo jiyHiue exaxb Ha MaiuMHC,
a MXO jiyMaex xpexwii?

BHEmHE3KOHOMMHECKOE AKUMOHEPHOE
OBmECTBO "Mhtvpmct" npefljiaraer
OTjibix Ha MopcKiix Kypopxax ^PAHIIMIi m MTAJIMM
KynajibHbiii ceaoH c anpe.xH no OKXJiSpb!

OPAHUMH — 8 HesaSbiBacMbix aneii Ha JlaaypnoM Sepery b Hmuuc b yioxHOM oxejie

'TpMMaubflM" (3 3Be3abi), Koxopbiii Haxoniixca b uenxpe ropona h b nByx marax ox
MopcKoro n.ia>Ka. MarKiiil K.nuMax. Mope ubcxob b coqexaHHM c MHxepecHeiimMMM
3KCKypcMflMn B MoHaKO II MoHxe-Kapno, 3HaMeHiixoe Ka3MH0 m caMbiii n3BecxHbm b
MMpe OKeaHorpa(J)MMecKMii Myaeii. Ho BamcMy acejiaHMio, nononHMxejibHO mm mo^cm
opraHii30BaTb rsih sac noe3aKy b KaHHbi — xpamiuMOHHoe mccxo npoBeneHwa
Me:»c/iyHaponHbix KHHOcJjecxMBajieii, a xaKace npoiixii bmccxc c BaMii aoporoM MapKa
Ularana ii Penyapa. Cxommocxb noe3flKM, BKHiOMafl MexflyHapoAHbiii aBManponex,
1346 nojin. CHIA.

TAKOW BEJTMKOJIEnHblW OmblX

BAM HE CMO^ET nPEaJ10>KMTL HMKTO, KPOME HAC!
KoHxaKXHwe xe.iecJjOHbi jjih jkhxcicm MocKObi h MocKOBCKoii oSnacxM: 323-76-44,
323-76-66. JIjih jKHxe.ieii apyrwx peruoHoe Poccmh: 924-33-41, 923-94-16

8-5 IliicbMO B areHTCXBO nvTeuiecTEMii.

HanMLUMxe niicbMO b arenxcxBO «HHxypHCx» ASPOOnOT
CKOPOCTb
3T0
1 . Write a letter inquiring about fares for 3T0 TOHHOCTb
Americans for the advertised tour. 3T0 KOMOOPT
2. Exchange the letters.

3. You work for the agency in the ad. Write a

response to the letter you have received. DpHMbie peiicbi B MocKsy, Xa6apoBCK, MaraAan
H3
AHKOpMA>*<a, BaainHrTOHB, noc-AHAMeneca,
MaiiaMM, CaH-OpaHuncKO, Cuorna, HnKaro

C AMhiii i;i,id rhiii riiiic n mockh}

PyccKast M e MC d y H a p o d H a M aeua.iuHun

204 deecmu uembipi Fjiaed 8

Ilopa noavMaTb o .icthiix KaHiiKv.iax

— Kyna bw Bce co6iipaeTecb exaxb Ha KaHHKynbi?

— 3a rpaHMuy. Byny nyremecTBOBaTb no Boctomhoh Eepdne.
— A xoHv noexaxb Ha Ha.ibHiin Boctok. 5IndHMio b KiiTaii ii

— Ho aopdre Mepes Ciionpb? 3a6poBo!

:>Ke.ie3Hon
— 5yay paSoTajb o(})iimiaHTOM/o4)imHaHTKOH na Kypopre.
Si

— A Mbi npyibHMii HaMajie nexa ooejeM b nycTUHio.

c B
— Hto TaM Syaexe aenaxb?
Bbi
— Jlaiaxb no CKliaM.
— xoMv To.ibKo oaHo — 3aropaTb na
51 nni'Aie.
— Te5e
51 6yay paGdrarb Bce
laBiiayio. 51 .lero.
—^ Byay
T6:*:e. cTa:«;epoM.
— HiiKTO He xoMCT HOCxaTb neTCKiiH narepb?B
— KaKaa xaM paCdra?
— TaM rpenepbi.
Hy}t;Hbi BOcniiTaxe.in ii

— FLiaTHTb 5ynyT?
— Hex. decnjiaxHo. Ohh iimyx aodpoBd.xbueB.
— Mne bo
Hy:x;Ho 3apa5dxaxb neHbni.
Bpesifl KaHiiKy.x
TpaHCCHSiipcKaa Manicxpanb (Be.iHKaa

Mxddbi n.iaxnxb 3a vMe6v.

CiiSHpcKaa
MejiaoiiHCK
Manicxpajib), x.-n. JiHHHa
- Omck
BjiajHBOcxoK (oKo.no
- Xa5apoBCK
IIpKVTCK -

tuchh KnnoMexjx>B)
7

CBH3biBaex eepdn. MacTb Poccmh c Cn5Mpbio h

1
JUanbHiiM BocTOKOM. nocxpoena a 1891-1916
«CoeemcKuu 3HUUK.wneduHecKuu
c.ioedpby>. MocKed. J 987.

He 3a6yabxel

1. Do not confuse the me? {to he somewhere and tra^

verb nvTeinecxBoeaxb +
-
around that place) with esaiixb exaxb/noexaxb + Kvaa? (to travel to a place):
JlexoM Mu nvTeinecxeoBajiM no EBpdne.
Last summer we travelled in (around) Europe.
JlexoM Mbi e3jM.in B EBpdny.
Last summer we travelled to Europe.

When used with the preposition no + dative of a noun denoting a country, state

or continent, eajjiiTb is synonymous with nyxeuiecxBOBaTb.

Jiexo .xex-H-Hii jiexHHe KaHHKy.ibi

oceHb OCeH-H-MH oceHHMC KaHHKynbi
3HMa 3MM-H-MH 3HMHHe KaHHKynbl
BecHa BeceH-H-ilii BeceHHHC KaHiiKvntJ

BoKpye ceema doecmu nnmb 205

8-6 IIhumii c.iOBaviii. OStflCHMxe no-pyccKM.

1 . 51 xoMy nyxeiiiecTBOBaTb. 5. Ohm Miuyx no6poBd.ibueB.

2. 51 Syny paGoTaxb o4)MUMaHTOM/ ocJ)nuMaHTKOM. 6. Mne ny^KHO sapaSoxaxb neHbrw.
3. 51 Te6e 3aBMayK). 7. 51 a6nxeH/flOji:»cHa njiaxHTb 3a yneSy.
4. ^ noefly b nejcKHM narepb. 8. ^ oyay 3aropaxb na n.xa^e.

8-7 IloroBopiiM o ce6e. Cnpocjixe apyr apyra.

1. KaK Bbi o5bWHO npoBOflMxe KaHMKynbi? 4. Bbi MHoro nyxemecxBOBajiH?

2. KaK Bbi npoBoaHiiH KaHWKy.xbi b aexcxBC? 5. KaKMe 6bLiM nyMuiMe (xyaiuMe) KaHMKyabi b
3. Mxo 6bi Bbi xoxe.iH aeaaxb b jiexHwe KaHMKynbi? Bameii :«:m3hm?

8-8 Box xaKafl cnxyamiJi. Onpdc o6iuecxBeHHoro mhchmh. (Public opinion poll.)

B Niae 1994 roaa e ra3exe «ApryMeHXbi ii 45aKXbi»

6bi.in HaneMaxaHbi pe3y.ibxaxbi onpdca: KaK Bbi rAe Bbi co6HpaeTecb npoeecTM ornycK b stom roAy?

coSHpaexecb npoBecxH dxnycK b 3xom roay? y poAMbix,

3HaK0MblX B POCCHH
Kpbmy tat¥iM
1. Bbi xypnajiMcxbi b ra3exe. HaoMiuMxe cxaxbKD
6yAy npMpa6aTi>iaaTb
no pe3yiibxaxaM onpdca.
y poAHWX.
2. OaiiH H3 Bac »:ypHanMcx na xe.ieBMaeHMM. flBoe iHaKOMwx B CHr
He MMeio
apyrnx aBxopbi onpdca. FIpoBeaMxe MHxepBbHD. »eTM«ro ornycKa

B AOMB OTAbUa,
npoucHX - percentage caHaropMM

py6«M0M
dxnycK - KaHHKyjibi y paSoxaioiUMx aioaefi 13

He C06Hp3K>Cb OTAbiXaTb
npnpadaxbiBaxb - to earn extra a 3T0M roAy

3a pyde^Kd.vi - 3a rpaHMiiCM biA B OTTiyCKS B 3T0M TOAT

a rypMCTMHecKOM
noeiAKB no Pocctui

3. KaKHC oxBcxbi MomH 6bi aaxb BauiH apysbH?

8-9 Box xaKa5i cwxyamia. 06i.acHMxe noHCMy: Onpoc npoBeACH BUHOM 18-20 Ha» 1994 r.; onpoiueNO 1712 MocnamM.

1. Bbi ddabiue Bcerd arodMxe e3aMXb na nde3ae.

2. Bbi dd.ibiiie Bcerd .xiddHxe aexaxb Ha ca.vio.xexe.
3. Bbi ddabiue Bcerd .iiddMxe n.xaBaxb na Kopad.ie.
4. Bbi Sdnbiue Bcerd .iiddMxe nyxeiuecxBOBaxb Ha MauiMne.

IIjiaHbi Ha BbixonHbie ^hm

— KaKiie y xeda naanbi Ha Bbixoanbie ann?
— n.iaHbi? He A mxo3Haio. xbi npea.iaraeiiib?
— XoMemb noMXM noxda? b
pK)K3aK
— xaK 51 Mne naao aonncaxb aoKnaa.
3aH$ix/a.
najiaxKa
— nepecxaHb n3-3a 3xoro Bo.iHOBaxbCH.
— Hy. xopoiud. nocxapaiocb ocBodoaiixbca.
— cocxaBJiK) cnMCOK, mxo nyjKHO
5\ B3Jixb.
— CnajibHbie mciuku. nanaxKM, eay...
— He 3a6yab chmmkm.
— A xo ndMHMiub, Mbi oaMH pa3 ocxaBM.xM CHMMKM aoMa.
— M He Mor.xM pa35KeMb Kocxep. cnajibHbiH NiemoK
— B03bMy yaoMKy. 5yay aoBiixb
51 pbidy.
Kocxep

206 daecmu luecmb Fjiaed 8

 Both cxapaxbCH/ nocTapaxbCH and npoSoBaxb/nonpoSoBaTb are equivalents of
English Use cxapaxbcji/nocxapaxbca + an infinitive when you have to
to try.

exert some effort in trying to do something. Use np66oBaxb/nonp66oBaxb+ an

infinitive to indicate experimenting or '*trying your luck" at doing something. Use
the adverb OHCHb with cxapaxbca/nocxapaxbCH if you want to indicate a great
deal of endeavor. Don't use the adverb oneHb with np66oBaxb/nonp65oBaxb.

51dqeHb cxapaiocb He jiyMaxb 06 3tom. ^ nonp66yio yroeopMTb mx.

I'm really trying hard not to think about it. I'll try to talk them into it.

eopemb/ceopemb vs. jtceub/cjiceHb

Kocxep - campfire or|6|Hb {gen. ofhh) -fire no^ap - fire (disaster)

In Russian the equivalent of English to hum is either ropexb/cropexb or
^eHb/ciKCHb. If something is on fire or burning, use the intransitive verb
ropexb/cropexb. If you are burning something, use the transitive verb JKeHb/c^Kenb.

8-10 Hhumm cjiOBaMM. KaK CKaiaxb no-pyccKM?

1. Do you have any plans for the weekend? 5. I'll try to get away.
2. What do you have in mind? 6. Don't forget to take matches.
3. Stop worrying! 7. I want to do some fishing.
4. I'll try. 8. I'll take a fishing rod.

8-11 rToroBopHM ce6e. yiHanxe apyr y apyra.

1. Bbi nroSiixe xojiiTb b noxdii? 3. Bbi yMeexe pai^KMraxb Kocxep?

2. Bbi yNieexe cxaenxb nanaxKy? 4. BaM 66nbiiie HpasMxcfl :«;nxb b rocxMHMue
HJiH B nanaxKe?

8-12 Box xaKafl ciixyamia. Bbi Bce xoxwxe noiixw b noxdfl, ho

oamh HejioBCK He hrSSmx
noxoHbi. YroBopMxe {try to convince him/her to go) erd/ee. IlocMoxpMxe Ha KapxMHKy m
onMiuiiTe. HTO Bbi Syaexe aenaxb b noxdjie, KaK bm Syaexe npoBOAHXb BpcMH.

BoKpye ceema doecmu ceMb 207

8-13 EcjiH coSHpaexecb nyxeuiecTBOBaxb. Bbi coSMpaexecb nyxemecTBOBaTb. Box
Bbi
cBeflCHHH o HCKOxopbix cxpaHax M perwoHax, Koxdpbie ebi nocexMxe. SanojiHHxe xaGjiHuy.

1. CxpaHa/perHOH:

2. HaceneHMe:

3. CxoHMua:

4. Mopa/peKM:

5. CpeflHflfl xeMnepaxypa:

6. Korna boshmkho rocyAapcxBo:

7. Korjia oho cxano nacxbio Poccmm:

8. Korjia oho nonyMMno nesaBMCMMOCXb:

9. rocyflapcxBeHHbiM asbiK:

IlojiesHbie cjioea

ajiivia3bi- diamonds
B03HHKaxb/B03HHKHyxb - to emerge
BoiixM B cocxaB - to join, become part of
saBoeeaxb - to capture
BOJIOTO - gold
Hec|)Xb (/.) - crude oil
nojiesHbie iicKonaeivibie - minerals
pacnaji - disintegration
pacnojioJKCH - to he located
yT\o\j\h (m.)- coal

HTBa — Haxo/iHXCH Ha no6epe«be BanxMMCKoro Mopa. HaceneHMe 5

MHJiJiHOHOB MenoBeK. CxojiMua — BilnbHioc. CpenHaa shmhhh xeMnepaxypa -5
rpaAycoB C. nexHaa +17 rpajiycoB C. Be.aMKoe KHH>KecxBO JlMxoBCKoe boshmkho
B 13 BCKe. B 1795-1815 rony JTiiXBa Bomna b cocxaB Pocchm. B 1919 rony cxana
He3aBMCMM0M pecHySjiMKoii. B 1940 roay 3axBaqeHa cobcxckhmm BoncKaMM. Bo
BpcMH Bxopdii MiipoBofi BoiiHbi OKKynMpoBana neMeuKHMH BoiicKaMii. Ilocjie
BOHHbi cxana ohhoh h3 pecny5nuK CCCP. Ildcjie pacnana CoBexcKoro CoK53a
cxana He3aBMCMMbiM rocynapcxBOM. rocynapcxBenHbiii H3biK jihxobckmiI.

yKpaMHa — naxoaiixcH Ha noOepexbe MepHoro h Asobckopo Mope'ii.

Hace.xeHHe — 50 MHnniioHOB MenoBCK. Cxoniiua
66jibiiie —
Kmcb. Kpynnwe peKM
— flnenp, lOjKHbiii Byr. Anecxp. B 14 bckc nona.na non Bnacxb BennKoro
KHfl>KecxBa .riMxdBCKoro 11 nd.ibiuM. B kohuc 18 BCKa BouiJia b cocxaB Poccmm.
ndcjie pacnana Cobcxckofo CoK53a nonyMMxia nesaBMCMMOcxb. FocyaapcxBenHbiM
flSblK yKpaWHCKHM.

208 deecmu eoceMb Fjiaed 8

 y36eKMCTa H — HaxdnnTCfl b ueHTpa.ibHOii MacTH CpenHeii A3hh.
Hace.aeHne dKO.no 20 nih.ijihohob wenoeeK. Cxo.iMua — TamKCHT. Ha TeppnT6pnn
YiSeKMCTaHa HaxdflMTCH nycTUHH KbnbinKyM m npenrdpba TaHb-UIaHH. CpejHHH
3MMHflfl TeMnepaxypa -3 rpaayca C, cpenHna JiexHaa xeMnepaxypa + 26 -32
qjanyca C. FocyziapcTBeHHbiM aiWK ysSeKCKwii.

"
ypa.ibCKUX rop Ha
Pocciui OT

4»rp BCKe
OT-20 11O ^
HobochShpck. B 15
vriVHWHie ropofla — .^cj,,
vipj^yi*-'^-
„o'urTRO B 16-1 /
^^^^
bckc v,huhp

^^^^^^^^^

J^BJIbllMM BOCTOK — xeppHTdpiiH b boctomhom Ashh. Ha

Kordpoii pacnojid^ena BOCxdMHaa qacTb Poccifii. BOCTdMHaa
TeppMTdpMH KMTaa, Kopea h ^ndHiia.

8-14 CxpaHa. PaccKa:»cMTe o KaKOH-HMSynb CTpane hhm perwoHe MMpa. McndnbsyMxe

nnaH M3 ynpayfCHeHHfl 8-13.

npoexart 220 "

rocyaapcTB " "P-^^no^jaraeT
""Bap, 2000 roj.
0741.7"''''" ' ^^^^''^ « J
"oBMBaTB .a;Ke b
AHrapK™!'"'"""'' "peanc^araer
caMB,„„
,py,„,,^,„ ™
y~,:"rr-
«Ceroi,„>,„.,7aBrycTal993

BoKpye ceema deecmu deesimb 209

rOBOPHTE nPABHJIbHO!

Diarojibi UBiimeHiiJi 6e3 npHCxaeoK (Unprefixed verbs of motion)

Verbs that express movement or transportation from one point to another (point "A" to point *'B")
and verbs that express generaHzed or habitual movement or transportation (i.e., walking, riding,
driving, running, flying, swimming, climbing, carrying, etc.) are called verbs of motion.

In Russian there are both transitive and intransitive verbs of motion.

Transitive verbs of motion Intransitive verbs of motion

Beirn - B03HTb (koto'-mto?) - to take (by vehicle) 6e>KaTb - Seraxb - to run

BecTM - BOHHTb (koto"?) - to lead, take (by foot) exaxb - e3miTb - to go/ come (by vehicle)
eecTM - BOj]HTb MaiuHHy - to drive (a car) iiaxM - xojHTb - to go/ come (by foot)
necTM - HOCHTb (kofo'-mto?) - to carry jiexexb - nexaxb - to fly
n.ibixb - njiaeaxb - to swim, sail, float

All verbs mentioned above are imperfective. Remember that transitive verbs are verbs that take
direct objects. In Russian, direct objects are in the accusative case.

210 doecmu decunib Fjiasd 8

Verbs that denote movement or transportation in one direction only are called verbs of
unidirectional motion; verbs that express generalized or habitual movement or transportation
are called verbs of multidirectional motion. Both types of verbs are imperfective:

Unidirectional Multidirectional
motion motion

XOnHTb to Qolcome (hv foot)

exaxb To qdI romp (hv vphiclp)

JieTCTb to fix ' tn cnvYipl Qo (hx nlnup)
njibiTb HjiaeaTb to swim, sail, float; to come/ go (by ship)
6e>KaTb Seraxb to run
eecTii BOilHTb to lead, take, bring (by foot)
Be3TM B03HTb to take, bring (by vehicle)
HeCTM HOCHTb to carry (by foot); to take 1 bring (by foot)

8-15 ripoeepbTe ce5fl. YMeexe jih Bbi cnpHraxb 3tm rjiarojibi?

a
n \jk\wk npomejimee epcMii

1. Mfly Mflex men mna

2. XOJXWYh xo>Ky xdflflx

3. exaxb ejiy eflex exan

4. eifliiTb e3:»cy e3nflx eSJIMJT

5. jiexeTb neMy nexflx nexen

6. nexaxb nexaK) nexaex nexan

7. BeCXM BCfly Bcnex Bena

8. B0i3HXb BO>Ky BOflHX BOAHjI

9. HeCXM Hecy Hecex Hecna

10. HOCHXb HOiijy HOCflX HOCHJl

11. Be3XM Be3y Be3ex 863

12. B03HXb BO»cy Bd35IX B03HJ1

13. n.nbixb nnbiBy njibiBemb nnbma

14. njiaBaxb nnaBaio n.iaeaemb njiaBaiia

He 3a6yabTe!

Tlie verb 6e>KaTb is irregular, and you must learn

its conjugation. Pay special attention to the first-

person singular and third-person plural forms.

Mbi 5e«ifM
6e«Huib Bbi 5e«MTe Kyfla OH 6e>KMx? ^xo oh Hecex
OH/a 5e>KMX OHM 5eryT B pyKax?

BoKpye ceema deecmu oduHHaditamb 211

In previous chapters we have already used both prefixed and unprefixed verbs of motion such
as MjiTM, exaxb, npnexaxb, yexaxb, jiexexb, Oeraxb, njiaeaxb, xojivnb. You will learn more
about prefixed verbs of motion in chapter 9. In order to use all verbs of motion correctly, you
should remember the following three points.

• All unprefixed verbs of motion are imperfective.

• Only unprefixed verbs of motion denote unidirectional motion or multidirectional

motion.
• Russian differentiates between movement by foot and movement not by foot.

Movement by foot Movement not by foot

naxM - xonHXb - to go/ come exaxb - eanMXb - to go/come
necxM - HOCHXb (Koro/HTO?) - to carry, BeSXM - B03HXb (KOro/MTO?) -
take, bring to transport
BecxM - BOjiHTb (Kord?) - to lead, take, bring jiexexb - Jiexaxb - to fly
6ejKaxb - 5eraxb - to run njibixb - njiasaxb - to swim, sail, float

He 3a5yabxe!

jiexexb - jiexaxb denotes movement - njiasaxb

in the air; njibixb

denotes movement in water. This can be either movement by conveyance

(jiexexb - jiexaxb na caMOJiexe, na paKexe; njiwxb - njiasaxb na KopaS.ie)
or movement by one's own self (Ilxifiibi jiexaiox. 51 njiaBaio b SacceiiHe
Ka>KAbiM aeub.)

Types of unidirectional and multidirectional motion

Unidirectional motion can be:

• motion in one direction, motion in progress toward a specific goal

51 Mfly flOMOM. I'm going home/I'm on my way home.

Kyaa tbi 5e>KHuib? Where are you running (ojf) to?

^ repeated motion in one direction

ridcne 3aHflTMM mbi eceraa uijim aomom. We always went (would go) home after class.
Ka>Kflyio nflTHMuy a eny aoMoii. I go home every Friday.

BanoMHHxe!

When unidirectional verbs indicate repeated motion

in one direction, as in the above examples, they can
also denote .setting out for or heading for.

212 daecmu doenddifamb rjiaed 8

Multidirectional motion can be:

a single round trip in the past tense or a trip to a certain place and departure from it

Bqepa eeqepoM mbi xomnu b Teaxp. We went to see a play last night.
Ona HCflaBHo esjjMjia k poflMxenflM. She went home to see her parents not long ago.
^ ^ ^ more than one round trip

51 Macro e3>Ky aomom, k poflMxenaM. / often go home to see my parents.

9{ xpii pa3a B HCflenio xo>Ky b SaccewH. I go to the pool three times a week.
B 3X0M MexBepxM Macxo Syay xojjHXb I'll go to the library a lot this quarter
B SiiSjiMoxeKy.

p general motion with no specific goal

9{ Seraio (njiaeaio) xpn pasa b Heaejiio. Irun ( swim ) three times a week.
Bbi fl0Ji»:Hbi 66jibme xojiHTb. You should walk more.

He 3a6yflbTe!
Mbi xoflHJiH Ha KOHuepx. = Mbi dbiJin Ha KOHuepxe.

8-16 O ce6e. Sanaiixe apyr apyry cnenyiomMe Bonpdcbi m oxBexbxe Ha hmx.

06pa3eii: — Kyaa xbi e3flMuib Ka:*cjibiM flCHb?

— B yHHBepcHxex.
—A xbi?
— Ha pa66xy.
1. — Kyfla noHejienbHMK yxpoM?
xbi Mfleuib b
2. — e3anxb Ha BCJiocHneae?
Tbi JiKSoHUJb
3. — qacxo nexaeuib na caMonexe?
Tbi
4. — nnaBaxb Saccewne
Tbi nroSiiiiJb bMope? hjih b
5. — Seraeuib?
Tbi

8-17 AHajiM3. Read the following sentences. Use the following symbols to represent the
type of motion described in each sentence:

Unidirectional motion: ^ motion in progress in one direction toward a specific goal

^ repeated motion in one direction

Multidirectional motion: a single trip to a specific destination in the past

<—
^ 1^ 1^ ^ more than one trip to a specific destination

p general motion with no specific goal

1. JlcHa nexMX b AMepwKy. 7. 3aBxpa MapK Synex B03HXb Kaxio no

2. Korjia MapK exaji na paSdxy, rdpofly.
y nerd cnoManacb MauiiiHa. 8. Tbi cerdflHH dyaeiub deraxb hum Hex?
3. Bqepa Kaxa c MapKOM xoAHJiH B rdcxM. 9. B narHMuy si oSumho eay aoMdn,
4. 51 deraio Mepes jxQHh. k pojiMxejiJiM.
5. JTeHMH flpyr jik56hx e3flMXb Ha MOxouMKne. 10. Be^epoM Mudrwe nnaBaiox b daccewHe.
6. B BbixoAHbie fl e3AMii/a k 3HaKdMbiM.

BoKpye ceema deecmu mpuHddi^amb 213

8-18 Kto hto flcjiaex? Use verbs of motion.

1. OHa 2. Oh 3. Oh 4. Ona UBCT

Ha B03AyiiiH0M luape. Ha rpysoBMKe. K flpyroMy Sepery. npo(J)eccopy
Cmmphobom.

5. OHa 6. Oh 7. Ona 8. Oh
UBCTbl Ha pWHOK. cjiona B 30onapK. coSaKy K BexepMHapy. coSaKy ryjiflxb
B napK.

9. Ohm no 10. Ona 11. Ona 12. Oh

Bdnre na napoxoAe. noesAy. co5aKy na caHKax. co6aKy na
MoxouMKne.

13. Ym 14. Oh 15. Ohm 16. Ona

xypiiCTOB na.nbTd m CanKX-HexepSypr KHMFM B
K naMHTHHKy. nopxcjDejib. Ha caMOJiexe. 6M6jiMoxeKy.

214 daecinu nenibipHadiiamb Fjiaed 8

8-19 Box TaKBH CMTvamia. PaibirpaHTe.

Determine the type

in each instance.
,
^ ^
p of motion you want to use

1 . Ask your friend where he/she usually goes for spring break.
2. Ask your friend where he/she is going for spring break this year.
3. Your friend has some flowers in his/her hand. Ask him/her who is going to get them.
4. Ask your friend how many times a week he/she jogs. Ask what time of day
(morning, afternoon, evening) he/she likes to jog.
5. Tell your friend that you would like to help him/her tonight, but another friend
is taking you to the movies.
6. Tell your friend that you know some people who have never flown.
7. Ask your friend if he/she has ever ridden in a train.
8. Tell your friend that you called him/her several times last night and ask him/her where
he/she was (went).
9. Tell your Russian friend that you are taking another friend, Vera, home this weekend to
meet your parents.
10. Tell your friend that you went to a concert last night.

11. You're walking along with your friend. All of a sudden you don't recognize where
you Ask where he/she is taking you.
are.

12. You're walking down the street. All of a sudden a friend in a car stops to say hello.
You want to know where your friend is going.
13. You get on a city bus and see your friend with his/her computer. Ask where
he/she is taking it and why.
14. Last night your friend took you to an interesting lecture on Russian art.

15. You weren't home yesterday afternoon because you went to the airport to meet
a friend from St. -Petersburg.

xojHTb - iijTM VS. e3jiiTb - cxaxb

• Unless you are specifically referring to movement by some sort of conveyance or

vehicle use mjtm - xoj[HTb-type verbs when describing movement around the city or
town you live in. It is quite possible to hear coversations like the following:

1 CerdflHH BCMepoM mucm b khho.

vibi "We're going to the movies tonight."
Ha MCM Bbi noejexe, na MamwHe "How are you going to go, by car or bus?"
HHM Ha aBxdSyce?
2 CerdnHfl BenepoM uny b toctm.
a "I'm going to a party tonight."
KaK Tbi noejeiub? Beat y xeSa "How are you going to get there?
viaiuMHa c.ioManacb. Your cars not running."
3 Tbi cerdflHH xojHji/a b 6M5.iMOxeKy? "Did you go to the library today?"
JX?L, y MCHH 5biJio xaK MHoro khmf, "Yes. I had so many books that I barely
qro e.ie cen/a b aBxdSyc. managed to get on the bus."

BoKpye ceema daecmu rtHmHadtfamb 215

8-20 KaK Bbi cKajKexe no-pyccKH, hto ... flaMxe pyccKMe sKBHBaneHTbi.

1. you like to go to the theater.

2. you go to the movies several times a week.
3. you took a friend to see a Russian movie last night.
4. a friend took you to a great concert last night.
5. you went to see a doctor this morning.

Always use exaxb - e3flMTb-type verbs when referring to movement between cities

and countries or over distances that cannot be covered by foot.

MapK HejiaBHo e3flMJi b Boctoh k SaSyiiiKe. Mark visited his grandmother in Boston
recently.

Tbi efleiub ROMoU na KaHMKynbi? Are you going home for the holidays?
Korfla Tbi ejieuib b MocKBy? When are you leaving for (going to, flying to)

Moscow?

Note the difference in meaning in the following sentences.

^ Ka:*:nbiM jxeuh xomy b yHMBepcMxeT. / go to the university every day. (You are
stating that you are at the university every
day, but not how you get there.)
H Ka>KAbiii flCHb xojKy b yHMBepcMTex neuiKOM. I walk to the university every day. (You are
stating specifically that you walk.)
51 KaxflbiM xieHb eiiKy b yHMBepcMxex I drive to the university every day. (You are
Ha MauiMHe. stating specifically how you get there.)

8-21 KaK Bbi cKa^exe no-pyccKH, hto ... J],aMxe pyccKMe 3KBMBajieHXbi.

1. you recently flew somewhere (name the place).

2. you recently went home to see your parents.
3. you took a friend home to see your parents.
4. a friend took you to a restaurant last night.
5. you're going to visit some friends who live in the country.

6. you go to Florida often.

7. you're going home for the holidays and you're taking a friend with you.

Use the adverb neuiKOM with xoaHXb - imxii to emphasize walking instead of
riding or to contrast walking with riding.

H jiio5jik5 xojiHXb neuiKOM. / like to walk.

Mbi noifflCM neiuKOM. We' II walk.
Oh oSbiMHO eaflMT na paSdxy He usually takes the bus to work,
Ha aBxdSyce, a a xo*y neiiiKOM. but I walk.

He 3a6yabxe!

rieiuKOM is used only with iijixn - xojiHXb and their prefixed forms

216 daecmu mecntHadifanib Fjiaed 8

 s

8-22 3an6.iHiiTe nponycKii.

1. Ohh noeavT b xearp Ha xaKcn. a mm neiiiKONi.

2. Ona e3aiiT wa paSdry Ha Merpd. a a neiuKdM.

3. Mbi esflwriH b KMHd na raKCH. a om\ neuiKdM.
4. Bbi Ha aBTddyce m.im noMaexe neiiiKdM?

The verbs of unidirectional motion iijth, exaxb. eecxii. eesxii. hccxh denote
movement in one direction. Precise English equivalents for these verbs depend on the
direction of that movement in relation to the speaker. Note the English equivalents of
the following verbs of unidirectional motion.

Kyna Mbi iiaeM? Where are M e going?

Tbi imeuib c HaMM? Are you going (coming) with us?
Kyaa xbi Heceuib 3xii khiifh? Where are you taking those books?
MapK Beiex Kaxio b BamiiHrxdH. Mark's taking (driving! Karya to Washington.
— Kaxji. Mbi ono3;iaeM! "Karya, we'll be late!"
— lljy. njy. "I'm coming, I'm coming!" "V
I
m on my way."
Kyna Mbi hjcm? Kyna xbi Menn eeaemb? Where are we going? Where are you taking me?
Kyna Mbi eacM? Kyaa xbi mcha Be3eiiib? Where are M e going? Where are you taking me?
Box luex noqxa.xbOH. Haaeiocb. Here comes the mailcarrier I hope he she' I

Hxo on/a necex mhc nncbNid. bringing me a letter

Russian equivalents for driving

• Both exaxb - e3 jiixb and Be3XH - B03HTb can be Russian equivalents of the English
verb to drive.

3aBxpa MapK ejex (->) b Bocxoh. Mark' s driving (going) to Boston tomorroM-.
3aBxpa MapK Be3ex (->) Kaxio Mark' s driving (taking) Katya to Boston
b Bocxoh. tomorroM\

• Use forms of the intransitive verb exaxb - e3jHXb when referring to someone's going
somewhere by car (i.e., driving). For further clarification, use na Mauinne.
noMCMy xbi ejeuib xaK dbicxpo? Why are you driving so fast?
Tbi noejeuib na MauiiiHe ii.xh Are you driving or taking the bus?
Ha aBxddyce?

Use forms of the transitive verb Be3XH - B03HXb when referring to taking someone or
something somewhere by car or any other conveyance.

3aBxpa MapK Besex (-) KaxK) Mark's driving/taking Karya to Boston

B BdcxoH. tomorrow.
HenaBHO MapK bo3Hji (^^) KaxK) Recently Mark drove I took Katya home
noMoii K pojHxe-XHM. to see his parents.

BoKpye ceema deecmu ccMHadifamb 217

 .

• Use forms of the phrase BOjHTb ( p) MamnHv {to drive a car, to know how to drive a
car) when referring to the actual driving of a car.

Bbi BoaiiTe NfamHHV? Do you know how to drive?

Bbi npeKpacHO Boaiixe viamiiHy. You're an excellent driver
Kaxfl HeaasHO HayniLiacb BoaHTb MamiiHy. Katya recently learned how to drive.

• Use Becni iviamibn when referring to the actual driving of a car in one directicwi.

Kto Bei NiaiuHHy. Koraa irpoHsoui.ia aBapiia? Who was driving when the accident
occurred?

nocTapaiiTecb we saobiTbl

1. BecTn - Hoii'iTh viacQHHy is an idiomaticexprellion. The nouff nnma

must ai\'.a\> Qe u>cd in it.

2. The verbs rnxni - xo:iHTb, evaxb - e33i!Tb are used with vehicles
that move under their own p. .

OcTopo*:HoI Ilaex rpyiOBHK! Watch out. here comes a truck.

Mofl NiaiUMHa n.idxo \ojiit. My car doesnt run well.
eiex xaKCH. OciaHOBii ero. There is a taxi over there. Get it.

w vehicles that folio d itinerary, lujii - xoai'iTb U used.

p Here comes my train.
K Where does this e

8-23 KaK Bbi CKaiKere? HaiiTC pyccKne 3KBiiBa.ieHTbi.

1. I'm driving a friend to the airport 6. I'm not going anywhere tonight.
this afternoon. 7. I took my friends to a great concert last night.
2. I usually walk to work. 8. Katya drives quite well.
3. Igo to \\ ork every day. 9. Do > ou alw ays drive so fast?
4. Every day after class I go to the librar\ 10. Did you go shopping today?
and study Russian.
5. WTien are you going to Washington? Are
you driving?

8-24 Jaiixe pyccRiie 3KBiiBa.ieHXbi. CKajKuxe apyry. hxo ...

1. you always drive to school. 6. you are taking all these books to the library.
2. you like to walk. 7. you're driving your friend to a doctor's appointment.
3. you usually take the bus to the imiversity. 8. you love driving.
4. you are going to see a doctor. 9. you will do the driving.
5. you hate to drive. 10. you are on your way to the swimming pool.

218 ^ deecmu 30ceMHddi4amb r.iasd 8

Using verbs of unidirectional motion in the past and future tenses

Imperfective past-tense forms such as meji (uiJia, idjih) and exaji (exa.ia, exajiH)
indicate unidirectional motion that was in progress. Imperfective future-tense
forms such as dy^iy (6y;iemb, etc.) hjith or 6yjiy (Sy^ieuib, etc.) exarb indicate
unidirectional motion that will be in progress. These forms are usually used in
conjunction with some other action that occurs while the motion is in progress or
when indicating the length of the action.

Kyua Bbi UI.1I1 (exajiii), Korjia a eac BCTpeTMn/a? Where were you going when I saw you?
51 KyniLi/a 3tii Bemii, Koraa uieji/uijia aomom. I bought these things on the way home.
CKonbKo epeMeHii bbi exajin? How long did your trip take?
Ckoubko BpeMCHii Mbi 5yfleM Jiexexb? How long are we going to be in the air?
rioKa Mbi exajiM, oh paccKa3biBaji MHe o While we were riding, he told me
CBoefi noeinKe b Poccmk). about his trip to Russia.

8-25 CnpocMxe: Ckohlko BpcMenM bli xyaa uiJiM?/exajiM?/jieTejiM?

06pa3eii: — B BOCKpeceube mm eB^HJiH b nycxbiHio.

— CKOJibKO BpeMCHu Bbi Tyzta exajiH?

1. Mbi HenaBHo eaaiijiii b nepeBHio.

2. 51HeaaBHO Jiera.i/a b Boctoh.
3. CeronHfl yrpoM a xo;iHji/a b ucHxp 3a noKynKaMM.
4. MapK HenaBHO jiexa.T b MocKBy.
5. B npduinyio cy55dTy mbi c MapKOM eaflMJin ua MaiiiiiHe k ero pomiTensiM.

8-26 C;iejiaHTe BbiOop. Coe;inHnTe npe;i.io»:eHHH.

Korja MapK exa,i k Kare. H BCTpcTHji/a CBoero ;ipyra.

Koffla H oyjxy \\jxt\\ aoMOii, HanajiCH ao:»:ab.
Koriia H uie.i/mjra /iomoh, a nosHaKOMHJicH/acb c jxRyuA HCMuaMH.
Koraa Mbi exa.iii 3a ropoa. y Hero cjioMa.iacb MamiiHa.
Korria TauH Be3.-ia Hac b ueHxp, noxoMy Mxo oo^jiacb exaxb no mocce.
Kor;3a a .lexe-i/a b Ka-iii4)6pHnK), Korjia H Bac BCxpexiLi/a?
KaxH exajia b uenxp no yjiHue, H Kynjiid Bce, hxo Hy^KHO.
Kor;ia a me.i/mjia Ha .ickuiik), H Bce BpeMH ooHjicH/ooa.iacb ono3jiaxb.
Ky;ia Bbi uijiii. a noxepH.i/a 6yMa»:HiiK.
Mbi BaexajiH e MarasHH.
on/ona yBHZieji/a CBoero snaKOMoro.

Using the prefix no- with verbs of motion

• Verbs of both unidirectional and multidirectional motion become perfective when the
prefix no- is added to them.

Imperfective Perfective Imperfective Perfective

MjjxM noiixM xoOTXb noxo;iHXb
OejKaxb no5e>Kaxb 5eraxb no6eraxb
exaxb noexaxb eamixb noeaanxb

BoKpye ceema deecmu deeMmnddifamb 219

 • With verbs of unidirectional motion, no- indicates the beginning of the action in the

past and future tenses.

On/a ceji/a na CBoii motoumkji m noexaji/a. He/she got on his/her motorcycle and took ojf.

MapK no6e>Kaji aomom 3a^ KHwraMM. Mark ran home to get his books.

Mbi noeaeivi c eaMii. W?7/ go with you.

Koraa bw noiiflexe k epaqy? When will you go see a doctor?

• With verbs of multidirectional motion, no- indicates the short duration of general
motion (p) with no specific goal.
BcTaHbxe m noxoflMTC HCMHoro. Get up and walk about a bit.

M ceroflHa xopouid no5eraji/a. / had a good run today.

nocTapaifxecb He 3a6wTb!

The verb KaxaTbcsi/noKaTaTbCfl denotes multidirectional motion and is often used in

the following contexts:

9{ xiioSnK) Kaxaxbcsi na KOHbKax. / like to go (ice)skating.

Kaxfl HeaaBHo HayMHjiacb Kaxaxbcn Katya recently learned to use
Ha cKefixGdpae. a skateboard.
XoMCiub noKaxaxbCH wa Moefi Would you like to go for a ride (drive)
HOBOii MaiUHHC? inmy new car?
He xoMeiiib ceronHfl noKaxaxbCH Do you want to go biking today?
Ha Be.nocHnefle?

Imperfective (udmii, exanib) vs. perfective (noumu, noexamb)

• Imperfective forms of unprefixed verbs of unidirectional motion express movement

from one point to another. Although their English equivalent is to be on one's way,
we often express this movement with the English verbs to go, to come.

H ceMMac Mfly flOMoii. I'm going (Im on my way) home right now.
— MapK, Kyfla xbi eaeiiib? ''Mark, where are you going?"
— eay AOMOii. k
51 poflMxejiflM. "I'm on my way home to see my parents."

220 doecmu deddifantb Fjiaod 8

 • In Russian, as in English, you can use the present tense of verbs of motion with future
meaning when you are quite sure the action will take place.

CeroflHfl BenepoM mbi naeivi b kmho. We're going to the movies tonight.
B KOHue Mecflua a e^y aoMoii. I'm going home at the end of the month.

• If you are not sure that the action will take place, use a perfective future verb.
In English, the future tense is also used in similar contexts.

M6:«;eT Sbitl, mbi noMj^eM b kmho Maybe we'll go to the movies tonight.
cerdflHH BCMepoM.
B KOHue MecHua a, HaBepnoe. noefly homom. I'll probably go home at the end
of the month.

8-27 rioHeMy iix hct? Use verbs of motion to clarify the situations.

06pa3eu: Mapxa hct. ^ MapKa oh nouieji e 5M5jiiiOTeKy 3a KHMroii.

Hex,
KaxM He SbiJTo. » KaxM He Sbino, OHa xo;iHJia b 6n6jiiiOTeKy 3a KHMroM.
1. KaxM Hex Ha ncKUMM. 4. flXMH Hex Ha 3aH^XM5IX.
2. MeHfl He 5bi.xo noMa yxpoM. 5. Hac He SbLxo noMa.
3. lOpbi Hex flONia. 6. Hac. HaeepHoe, ne Syaex fldivia

ceronHfli BeqepoM.

KopomKO
1. In the past tense, use unprefixed imj
motion (i.e. xojjhji, esflMji, bo3Hji, etc.) t|

place in the past.

Bnepa Mbi xoanjiH (->) na 3aMeMaxejibHbni KO^^px.

Ha npoLUJiofi Heaejie a e3aiiJi/a (^) flOMoii k poflMxejiHM.
BMepa BenepoM MapK bo3hji (^) Kaxio k apysbHM.

2. In the past tense, use perfective forms of verbs of unidirectional motion, if the
subject of the motion has not yet returned to the original point of
depaiture.

MapK noexaji (-^) uomom. (He hasn't come back yet.)

Kax3 nouijia (-*•) b 6M6jiMoxeKy. {She hasn't returned yet.)

3. In the present tense, use unprefixed forms of verbs of unidirectional motion

movement in progress from one point to another
to describe or to describe
contemplated movement from one point to another.
CewMac MapK eaex (-> na pa56xy. (movement in progress)
)

Xorna r uieji/uiJia homom, h BCxpexM.a/a Camy. (movement in progress)

KOHue MecHua Ji ejiy (-*) homom. (contemplated movement)

anxpa Mbi .iexMM (-»>) b Poccmk). (contemplated movement)

BoKpye ceema deecmu doddiiantb oduH 221

KyjibiypA

Ihiena. KOTopbie jwaioT ere pVccKiie: Ca.it yu.i HKOo.ieoun Mapiadh

Bbi yjKe 3HaeTe. kto xaKofi KopHeii IlBaHOBiiM HvKOBCKiril. ^pyroii nncaTe.ib, mmsi
KOTdf)oro iissecTHo ecesi pyccKiiM aersiM. 3to CaMvii.i HKoeneBnq Mapiuax 1887-1964).
(

MapuiaK nnca-i ctjixh xiji jcTeii. Oh 3Hai HecKO.ibKO HHOCTpaHHbix hiukob ii nepcBoarLi
neTCK\ K) .iHTepaTvpy c 3tiix aibikob Ha pyccKiiil. Bnaroaapa C. ^. MapmaKv pyccKiie aexH
3HaKc5Mbi c «IIIanTaeM-oonTaeM» (Hiimpry Diimpry) \\ apyrnMii aHmiriicKHNni jeiCKHMH
CTHxaMii. CxiixoTBOpeHHe «MncTep TBHCTep» 6w.io HaniicaHo MapmaKOM b 1930-x roaax.

1. ripKDMHTailTe CTIIXOTBOf)eHlie BC-iyX HeCKO.lbKO pa3.

2. HafiaifTe. mto Mda^ex cae.iarb KOHTopa KvKa nyreuiecTBeHHUKoe.
3. floMKa MMcrepa TeHcrepa xdnej noexaxb b CoBercKHM Cok53. B KaKwe cipaHbi npeanaraer
noexaxb ee oxeu?

222 ^ doecmu deddiiamb dea r.iaed 8

 —
OrpblBOK M3 CTMXOTBOpCHMa «MMCTep TBMCTep».

ECTb •nprnujiex, will send

Ja rpaHHUCH BaM
/],acx

6ct)HC •KoHTopa KoMHaxy

KyKa. B JiyqmeM oxejie,
Ecim TenjiyK) BaHHy
Bac H saBxpaK b nocxejiH.
overcome •Ojiojieex •Fopbi H 'He/ipa, mountains: depths
boredom •CKyKa Ceeep h lor,
M Bbl 3aX0THTe riaJTbMbl H 'Kezipbi cedars
yBH/ieXb MHp — noKa:»:ex BaM KyK.
UCXpOB laHTH, MHCxep
llapH^ H llaMHp, — TBHCxep
KyK BblBIlIHH MHHHCXp,
/^jiH Bac MHcxep
B oj3Hy MHHyxy TBHcxep,
Ha Kopa6jie •JXenen h 5aHKHp, 5H3HeCMeH
ripHroxoBHX KaK)xy, •Bjianejieu BaeoflOB, X03HHH
order Hjth •npHKa:«:ex FaBex, napoxojiOB
to offer, serve •rioziaxb caMOJiex, PeuiHJi Ha 'Xiocyre in his spare time
camel Hjih •Bep6jiK)Aa OGtexaxb Mnp.
3a BaMH

— OXJIHMHO! —
•BocKJiHKHyjia exclaimed
JloHb ero Ck)3h. —
/^aBail no5biBaeM
B CoBexcKOM CoK)3e!
^ 6y;iy 'nHxaxbCH ecTb
•3epHHCX0H HKpOH, black caviar
yKilByK) JTOBHXb "OcexpHHy, sturgeon

KaxaxbCH na -xpoHKe xpii .lOLuaaH

HaA BojiroH-pCKOH
H 6eraxb b 'kojixob KO^I.neKTHBHOe X03HHCTB0
•Ho MajiHHy! 3a MajiHHOH {raspberries)

— MoH xipyr, y tq6A yxiHBHxejibHbiH 'BKyc! — taste

CKa3a/i CH oxeu 3a o5ej30M.

SaMCM xe5e exaxb b Cobcxckhh Cok)3?
Ooe^ieM K ;iaxMaHaM h mee^iaM.
noeflCM B Heanojib, noexieM b Baraazi! —
Ho ijoMKa CKa3aAa: — XoMy b JlcHUHrpaxi! —
A xo, Hero xpe5yex /lOHKa,
JXojiyKHO 6bixb 'HcnojiHeHO. ToMKa. fulfilled (.) TOHKa

BoKpye ceema deecmu deddifamb mpu 223

 Ma pocciiiicKoro iipoui.ioro

8-28 riepeji HTCHMeM. HeMHoro o cjiosax.

1. Bbi 3HaeTe cjiobo KopaSjib. A mto 3HaMMT Kopa6ejibHbiH, KopaSjiecxpoeHHe?

2. Bbi SHaexe chobo 3a rpaHHi^y. A hto sninm BarpaHHMHbiii?

8-29 Bo BpcMJi MTCHMfl. HaMuMTe cnejiyiomyK) MH4)opMauMK).

1. ^To 6bmo HeoSbiMHbiM b nyTeiuecTBMM rierpa RepBoro b EBpdny?

2. noHCMy riexp nyxemecxBOBaJi aHOHHMHO?
3. B KaKHx cxpaHax oh no6biB£x?
4. 3aqeM Ilexp oxnpaBMJica b nyxemecxBMe?
5. Hxo OH nejiaji, Korjia oh yKiin b EBpone?
6. Koro riexp npMBes c coSdii m3 EBpdnbi?

riexp IlepBbiM (BejiHKHH). HaeepHoe, caMUM wsBecxHuii b HCxopHH

pyccKMM uapb. Oh npoBen b Poccmm MHoro pecJxDpM m bo MHoroM •M3MeHMJi to change

M cxpany m nioneM. B KHHre CP. riyiuKapeBa «'063dp pyccKow MCxdpMM» sun'ey

paccKasbiBaexcfl o nyxemecTBHM Ilexpa b EBpdny b 1697-98 ronax.

3arpaHMHHoe nyTCiuecTBiie IleTpa

B 1697 rofly flexp peiuMn •oxnpaenxbCfl b nyxemecxene aa to set out

rpaHuiuy — fle/io •He6biBajioe a/ir mockobckmx uapePi! BecHoio 1697 unprecedented
rofla H3 MocKBbi Bb'iexano «BejiMKoe noc6jibcxBO» fl/in •neperoBopoB negotiations

C eBponeMCKMMM •flBOpaMH. court

•CpeflM nocojibcxBa 6bin 'HeKXC flexp MuxaPinoB, Ha caMOM flene among: a certain
riexp riepBbiM, KOxopbiPi xoxe/i nyxemecxBOBaxb MHKorHnxo.
•OnepeflMB noco/ibcxBO, Flexp noexan b ronnaHflnio, rfle CHaHana onepejiMXb - to leave behind
pa66xa;i Kopa6enbHbiM •nnoxHUKOM Ha -sepclDM b Ma/ieHbKOM carpenter; shipyard
ropoflKe CaapflaMe, a noxoM nepeexan b AMcxepflaM, rfle b xeneHue
66nee 4 MecRueB pa66xan na sepcfDHx Ocx-MnflCKOM KOMnaHi/in n
ocMaxpuBan ropofl. Hs ronnaHflnn flexp b HHBape 1698 r.

nepeexan b AHrnnK) aha nayMeHUfl xeopi/in Kopa6jiecxpoeHMfl, mmji

HeKOxopoe speMH b floHflone, a noxoM pa66xaji HecKonbKO Mecaues

224 ^ deecmu daddi(antb nentbipe Fjiaed 8

 .

B flenicjDopfle Ha 'KoponeBCKOM eepcjDn. •flpeObiBaH 3a rpaHMuePi, royal; npeSbieaxb = «MTb. 6biTb

rierp Ben neperoBopbi c rocyflapcTBeHHbiMn niOflbMM, ym^ijicfl

MopcKOMy flejiy n Bce •Ha6ntoflaji, nsyMan n ocMaipMBan: BoeHHoe to watch

•ycTpoPiCTBO M •yMpe>KfleHMfl, BepcfDn m Kopa6jiM, cjDa6pnKM m opraHM3aiiMfl; institutions
•MaciepcKMe, •TunorpacjDnn n naCopajopnn, rocnmann, xpaMbi m workshops: printshops
Myaen; b to >Ke Bpeivin oh HannMan na pyccKyio cny>K6y •MH6>KecTB0 MHOro
MHOCipaHHbix 'MaciepoB Bcex npocjDeccuM. craftsman, expert

Do KHkire C. f. FlyiuKapeBa «0636p pyccKOM MCT6pnM».

M3flaTe;ibCTB0 mmghm Hexosa, Hbio-l/16pK. 1953.

0B30PHME 3A/^AHHfl

CxpyKTypa npenJio^CHMH

8-30 OxBeTbTe na eonpocbi. CKa^KMre, mto bm eme He iHaere. wro bli SyacTe nenaTb.

06pa3tfbi: — Kto saMM co5MpaeTCfl nyTemecTBOBaxb?

c
— eme He
51 kto co mhoh coSMpaexcH nyTeiuecTooBaTb.
3Haio,
— MapK co5MpaeTC5i BaMM nyxemecTBOBaTb? ^
c
— M eme He co5MpaeTC5i MapK co mhom HyTeuiecTBOBaxb.
3Haio, jim

1. Mbi CMd:aceM nexoM noexaxb Ha MepHoe Mope? 5. Kyna Haxauia noejiex na KaHMKynbi?
2. Fae Bbi Syaexe ocxaHaBnHBaxbCH? 6. ^x65bi exaxb b Poccmk), Hy:«;Ha BM3a?
3. BaiiiM flpy3bfl xoxhx noexaxb b ITpMSaiixMKy? 7. Y sac ecxb njianbi na BbixoAHue ahm?
4. B Kacce ecxb pacnMcaHwe noe3fl6B? 8. KaKwe y xcSh nnanbi na KaHMKynbi?

8-31 a xoHy, HToObi... CocxaBbxe npefljTo:»ceHM5i. CKa:acMxe, mxo Bbi xoxMxe.

Odpaseu: H xoHy/MOw jipy3bH/noexaxb/co mhoh b Poccmio. m

51 xoMy, MToSbi MOM apy3bH noexajiM co mhoh b Poccmh).

xoMy, Mx65bi . .

1. xbi/3apa5dxaxb/MHdro jiener. 4. JleHa/noexaxb/c naMM b nycxbiHio.

2. ohm/oomxh/b noxon c naMM. 5. KaHMKyiibi/y:«;e/HaMaxbCfl.
3. poflMxenM/nepeexaxb/Ha Aany.

A Merd Bbi caMw xoxMxe?

8-32 Ilepeji Hoe3HKoii. Explain what you have to do before you go on a trip. YnoxpeoHxe
nepeji tcm KaK n nocjie xoro KaK.

OCpaseii: riepezi tcm KaK noexaxb, na^o sapadoxaxb aenbrH.

riocjie Toro KaK 3apa5dTaeiiib /jeHbFH, Ha;io saxasaxb SHJiexbi.

BoKpya cGema deecmu deddiiamb nnmb 225

 PairoBop

8-33 CnpocMTC m OTBCTbTe. 3aAaiiTe cueayromMe Bonpdcbi m OTBCXbTe Ha hmx.

^^
Cnpocume ceoux dpyseu CKajKume cgoum dpyjbHM
1. how they are going to spend their vacation that you are going to intern next summer
2. if they are going to travel around the world that you are going to spend the summer
travelling around the USA
3. if you want to serve as a volunteer that you have to earn money to pay tuition
4. if plane reservations have been made a travel agent is doing it

5. how long they plan to travel that you plan on travelling for a few weeks
6. if they want to go hiking that you want to go rock climbing
7. whether you've made a list of things that you remember everything without a list
you need to take

8-34 Mto m6*ho CKasaxb b otbct? flaMxe KaK Md:>KHo Sdnbiue otbctob.

1 . riOMXieM B BblXOflHbie AHM B noxofl.

2. — Mbi HaxauieM xoxmm nexoM noexaxb
c b BocxoMHyio EBpdny.
3. — y>Ke 3aKa3a.na KdMHaxy rocxMHwue.
51 b
4. — Korna yeixaexe? Bbi

5. — BaM aenaxb npwBMBKM?

Hy:»cH0
6. — KaKdil Mapujpyx BudpajiM? Bbi

8-35 Box xanafl ciixyamiJi. Pa3birpaMxe.

1. Bbi npiiFJiacMJiM jxpyieii noexaxb k BamwM poflMxejiaM. CKaxwxe mm. mxo B35ixb c coddn
H Hxo Bbi dyflexe xaM nenaxb.
2. riocoBexyMxe cbomm flpy3baM, Kyjia Md»:Ho noexaxb na xaHMKyjibi b BaiueM uixaxe. Y hmx
ecxb flBe neflejiM (oflHa Hejiensi / xpM hhh).
3. Baujii pyccKMe flpysbfl xoxax nocMoxpexb AMepMKy. riocoBexyMxe mm, Kyfla nyMuie
noexaxb.
4. Bbi xoxpixe jiexoM noexaxb nyxemecxBOBaxb. 06cyflMxe c apysbiuu Mapmpyx, CKdnbKo
Haflo flCHer, KaK noaroxdBMXb noe3AKy m t.ji.

8-36 Baiue BbicxynjieHiie. PaccKa^KMxe 3a xpM MMuyxbi.

1. KaK Bbi npoBdflMxe BbixoAHbie ahm?

2. PaccKaxMxe o JiyMiiiMx KanMKyjiax b BameM »:m3hm.
3. noMCMy jtkSam JiidSjix nyxemecxBOBaxb?

226 ^ doecmu daddifamt uiecmb FjiaGd 8

 IlHCbMO
yBa;KaeMbie
^oc^o^al
8-37 HanHuicM Bce BMCCxe.
1. HanmuMTe niiCbMO b Sropd nyxemecTBHM m
3KCKypCMM. rionpocMTe npMcnaTb saM
peK.naMHbiM npocncKX.
2. HaniiiiiMTe peKjiaMy
eameMy uiTaxy.
nyjemecTHMH no
nyxemecxBMa? ^
3. Bbi paSoxaexe e 6K)pd nyxeuiecxsMM e 3apaHee6j7aroziapeH
yHMBCpCMxexe. KpoMe sac, hmkxo hc 3Haex ^^P^eu KojjioG
pyccKoro a^biKa. Bbi nojiyMHJiH nwcbMO, m
BaM Haflo Haniicaxb oxbcx.

Htchhc

8-38 riMCbMO B raaexy. ITpoMMxaMxe nncbMO.

1. Look through the letter to see if you can understand the main ideas and answer some
of the questions below.
2. Reread the you can get additional information without looking up the words.
letter to see if

3. Look up the words you cannot do without.

8-39 Bo BpeMH htchmh. HaiiAHxe b xcKCxe oxBexbi Ha Bonpocbi.

1. r^e lOpucBa :«:iiBex?

2. rioqeMy ona ne MO^^KeT nojiynnxb rpa^cflaucxBO b 3cx6hmm?

3. Korna m oxKyaa ee npejiKM [ancestors] npwexajiM na YKpaMHy?
4. IloqeMy ona :acMBex b 3cxdHMM?
5. IIoqeMy oHa ne Moxex BbiyHwxb bcxohckmm si3biK?

O^e ?Ke MHe }KktTb ?

Fl flsnatocb rpaMflaHKOi^ Cbieiuero CCCP, VKpanHy Bepnynacb b 1978 rofly, ho ryr
HO >KHBy B OcTOHnn. 3flecb rpa>KflaHCTBO r ne HepHo6bmb, Haiu paPion OKaaa/icn b 30He
nojiyny. Ero noxiyHaiOT TO/ibKO le, kto >ki/iji paAnaunn. Bbiexa/in k cbiHOBbHM, Koiopwe
3flecb AO 1940 rofla. Ocra/ibHbie >KMTe;in >KHByT b Gctohum. Fl3biKn 3Hato —
pyccKUM,
flon>KHbi nojiynaTb rpa>KflaHCTB0 laivi, rfle nx yKpanHCKuPi, HeivieuKuPi n ronnaHflCKi/iM,
KopHu, — laKOBO peiueHne npaBurenbCTBa. noHUMaK) KasaxcKuPi n no/ibCKHM. OcTOHCKuPi
CCCP pacnancH na cyBepennbie rocyflapcTsa. 6bi ynmia c yflOBO/ibciBneM, ho naMflib ne
B KaKOM M3 Hux MCKaib MHe KopHM, He 3Haio. no3Bo;ifleT. TaK rfle >Ke MHe >KHTb na —
peflKM MOM B 17 BeKe SMurpupoBa/in m3 YKpanne, a Poccmm m/im Kasaxciane? A Mo>KeT
TepMaHMM M ro/inaHflUM na YKpanny. TaM h m 6biTb, yexaxb b repManmo mjim ron/ianflmo?

poflnjiacb.
B 1941 rofly nac, KaK neMueB, Bbic/ia/in b //. JQpueea
Cn6Mpb, a OTiyfla b CeBepnbiPi Ka3axcTaH. Ha j-Japea

BoKpye ceema deecmu deddi^antb ceMb 227

CJIOBAPb
Bbl JIOJi:«^HbI 3HaTb 3TM CHOBa.

HivieHa cymecTBHTCJibHbie

aHajiM3 analysis, test

aHaJlM3 KpOBM hlood test

Smjict ticket

Spomidpa brochure
BCK century
B03M6>KHOCTb (/.) possibility, opportunity

MMCTb B03M6jKHOCTb to have an opportunity

BOMHa war
BoiiCKa ipl.) troops, army

BocnMTaTenb/BOcnMTaxejibHMua camp counselor

rocnonMH (pi. rocnoaa) Mr., gentleman
rocno:^a Mrs., Miss, Ms.
rocTMHMua hotel
MOJioj[ie:»cHafl rocxMHMua youth hostel
jioGpoBOJilelu volunteer
oral report
rocyjiapcTBO state, country
food
yKenemasi nopdra railroad
Karoxa cabin, stateroom
KOHCyjlbCXBO consulate
KopaSnb (m.) ship
Kocx|e|p (gen. Kocxpa) camp fire
KpoBb (/.; blood
Kyne train compartment
Kypdpx resort, spa
jiarepb (w.) camp
flexcKMii Jiarepb summer camp
Mapiiipyx itinerary
HacejieHMC population
HOMep ipl. HOMepa) hotel room
dxnycK (b oxnycKy) vacation (for working people)
oc})MmiaHx/o4)MUMaHXKa waiter! waitress
najiaxKa tent
napoxd^ steamship
nde3fl (pi. uoe3m) train
noe3flKa trip
nocdii ambassador
nocdjibcxBO embassy
noxdA camping trip; outing
xoflMXb/nAXM/noiixM b noxdfl to go hiking, to go on a camping trip, to have an outing
npiiBMBKa inoculation, shot, vaccination
flejiaxb npMBMBKy npdxwB + qerd? to inoculate against a disease

228 daecmu doddifaitib GOceMb Fjiaed 8

nyxemecTEMe trip, journey, voyage
exaxb/noexaTb b nyTemecTBMe to go on a trip

pcKJiaMa advertisement
ceer world
BOKpyr CBCxa around the world
cnanbHbiii Meiij|d|K sleeping bag
AIDS
cnMc|o|K list

cnMHKM (oam cnHMKa) matches

cxaiKep intern, student worker
CTOHMOCTb (f.) cost
cmnilua capital
crpaHa country
Ten.noxoji (diesel-powered) ship
rpcHep (sports) coach
yflOMKa fishing rod
yqeoa studies
njiaxHTb 3a yneSy to pay tuition

ucHa price
3KCKypCHfl excursion

Fjiarojibi

B03HHKaTb/B03HMKHyTb to emerge
Bbi6npaTb/Bbi6paTb + mto? to choose, pick, elect
nonMCbiBaxb/flonMcaTb + mto? to finish writing

3aBHj]0BaTb + KOMy?/MeMy? to envy

3aropaTb/3aropeTb to lie in the sun, to get a sun tan
3a:*:nraTb/3a>Keqb m pa3:«;eMb to start afire
3aKa3biBaTb/3aKa3aTb + mto? to order, to make a resen'ation
3aXBaTbIBaTb/3aXBaTHTb + KOr6?/MTO? to capture, to occupy
xiOBMTb/noiiMaTb (puSy) to fish

HaHMMaTb/HaHHTb (MaiUMHy) to rent a car

HaxoflMTbCfl (imperf. only) to he located
opraHinoBaTb {imperf. and perf. ) + mto? to organize
o6pamaTbCfl/o6paTHTbca + Kyaa? to consult; to turn to

0CB050:»CflaTbCfl/0CB060flMTbCfl to get free, to get away

OCTaB/IHTb/oCTaBHTb + MTO? to leave (behind)
ocTaHaBJiHBaTbca/ocTaHOBMTbCH + rue? to stay, stop

nepecTaeaTb/nepecTaTb + uH^uHumiie to stop doing something

njiaTHTb/3an.iaTHTb + 3a mto? to pay
nocbi.aaTb/noc.iaTb + KONiy/MTO? to send
npea^iaraTb/npejiTiOyKHTb + KOMy/MXO? to suggest, propose, offer
nyTemecTBOBaTb + rae? (no + dat.) to travel, tour

COCTaB.lHTb/cOCTaBMTb + MTO? (cnHCOK, OJiaH) to compile

CTapaTbca/nocTapaTbCH + iiH(puHiimu8 to try to

Tpe5oBaTbCfl to be required

BoKpye ceema deecmu deddi^amb deGnmb 229

 .

HvicHa npHjiaraTejibHbie
BeceHHMM spring
flOSpOBOH bH bl {i voiurltccr

3aHflT/a UUS V cc c upicci

,

3MMHMM winter
fit »V1 •*
HCTHHM
HCSaBMCMMblM iriCicpcnUctll

oceHHMii fall, autumn

cpenHMM average

HapeHH>i

Secn.iaTHO free, without pay

jiyMLue + imtfjUHumue it's best to. .

Bbipa>KeHH>i

B HaMane + Mero? in/at the beginning

B KOHue + Hero/ at the end
BO BpeMH + Mero; during
33 rpaHHueii (r^ie?) abroad
3a rpaHMuy (Kyjia?) abroad
3j36poBo! Great! Great fun!
KpOMC Tord besides
JldJaib IIU CKdJIaM to LllnlU rOCKS

(kto) HaMcpcH/a someone intends to do something

njiaHbi Ha plans for
CKOJlbKO CTOMT? How much (does it cost)?

230 # daecmu mpudifaitib

 rOPOACKAJI XM3Hb

# HSblK B
y MCHH xopomee HacxpoeHHe
KaK npoexaxb b ucHxp?
Mbi 3a6jiyAH-n[HCb
Mac nHK
riHCbMo o ropofle

^ foBopiiTe npasMJibHo!

Diarojibi ABH:aceHHJi c npHCxaBKaiviH

Ha MCM Mbl e3AHM

# Ky/ibTypa

MMeHa, Koxdpbie SHaiox Bce pyccKwe: A. A. Ejiok

CaHKX-nexep6ypr

# 0636pHbie saAaHMfl
CxpyKxypa npefliio:aceHMH
PasroBop
riMCbMO
MxeHwe

deecmu mpudifattib oduu 231

fl3MK B :aCH3HH

9-1 3HaeTe irn bbi, kek HasbiBaioTCH qacTM MauiMHu no-pyccKM?

aHTCHHa
BCTpOBoe (jioGoBoe) ctckjio

oaMnep

KOJieco (KOJieca)
CHflCHbe
(nepe^iHce)

y MCHfl xopouiee HacxpoeHiie

— y cerdflHH xopouiee HacxpoeHwe?
Te5fl
— OTjTMMHoe.
fla, noMCMy.
JHoraflaMxecb,
— nncbMO
riojiyMHJi/a aoMa? ii3

— Kypcoeyio paSdxy?
JHonHcaji/a
BjlK)6M.lCH/BJIK)6HJiaCb?
— He M nonyMMn/a eoflMTeubCKMe npaea.
yraaajTM!
— Cjjan/a 3K3aMeH?
— noBflpaeiifleM!

9-2 HHbiMu cjiOBaiviH. OGtacHMxe no-pyccKii.

1. y MCHfl xopdmee HacxpocHwe. 4. 51 cnaji/a 3K3aMeH.

2. y MeHa n.noxde HacxpoeHMe. 5. Koraa Mbi roBopMM «no3flpaBnfleM!»?
3. ^ nojiyMwn/a eoAMxenbCKMe npasa.

9-3 IloroBopMM ce6e. CnpocMxe Apyr npyra.

1 . y Bac cerdnHfl xopdmee HacxpoeHwe? Hnoxde? HopManbHoe? IloMeMy?

2. y eaiuero apyra xopdmee HacxpoeHMe. CnpocHxe noMewy.
3. y Bamero flpyra nnoxde HacnrpoeHMe. CnpocHxe noMeMy.
4. CKdnbKO BaM GbiJio nex. Koraa Bbi nojiyMHJiH BOflMxenbCKiie npasa?
5. Bbi jiKSdMxe BOAHXb MamMny? IloMeMy?

232 daecmu mpudifanib daa Diaed 9

9-4 ^BajiuaTb eonpocoe. Box xaKaa CMxyamifl. Each of you will write down why you are in a
good or bad mood today. The others will try to guess. Ask only questions without a question word.

KaK npoexaxb b ucHxp?

— Pe5HTa! KaK npoexaxb ueHxp? b
— B uenxp? JlyMiue Bcerd no mocce.
— ^ noKa 6oK5cb. noeay no ynimaM. 51

— Ho 3X0 OMeHb fldnro.

— Himerd. Tniue 6yflemb.
eaeiub, jiajibme
4X0 3X0 3HaMMX'? gas station
— 3x0 nocjidenua. Ona snaMMx: ne naflo cneiiinxb. 5eH30KOJi6HKa
— Hy, CeiiMac noeepHM Hanpaeo
jia^HO. npsMO. m noe3»:aii 3anpaB0HHaH cTanuiuH
— Koraa yBMflMLUb CBexo4)dp, noBepHM najieBO. aanpaBKa
—M He noBopamiBaii.
ddjibiue
— Mnnyx 3a jiBajmaxb aoejiemb.
— Ho xaM xpyAHO nocxasnxb MamiiHy.
— A He B TOM Mecre nocxaBMxe MaiuwHy, Bac Mdryx
ecjiM 0Liixpa4)0Baxb. In the wrong place
— A Md»cHo 3anpaBMXb
rjxe viaiiiMHy?
— Fac-xo 3a yrjidM ecxb 3anpaB0MHas[ cxanuMA.
KaK H B flpyn'rx HSbiKax, b pyccKOM asbiKe ecxt mhofo nocnoBMu m noroBopoK. Cmwcji
nocjioBHUbi «TMiue eaeiiib, fla.nbiiie 6yaemb» b xom, mxo CKopee ziocxMrHeiiib uenH, ecjin ne
Gyneuib xoponHXbCH. Ecxb m apyrm cxonHaa c Hew nocjidBima: «nocneiuwiiib — jironeii

HacMeii]Miub». A ecjiii
bw hc SHaexe aopdry, BaM roBopax: «5l3biK ao KiicBa flOBeAex», x.e.

ecnii Bbi Gynexe cnpaiuiiBaxb, jtk5jim BaM noMoryx HaMxM Mecxo, Koxdpoe bw iimexe.

9-5 KaK CKaiaTb no-pyccKM?

1. How can I get downtown? 6. I'll take side streets.
2. I'll take the highway. 7. Turn right. Turn left.

3. It's hard to park there. 8. One can get a ticket.

4. Drive carefully. 9. Where can I fill up?
5. There is a gas station around here.

Kcmdmu

a speeding ticket - luxpac)) 3a npeebiuieHMe CKopocTM

McHfl oujxpa(|30BanM 3a npeBbimeHiie cKdpocxM.
/ got a speeding ticket.

a parking ticket - iiixpacj) 3a CTO«HKy

McHfl omxpac|)OBajiM 3a xo, mxo h nocxaBMJi/a MaiiiMHy
B Henojid:«;eHHOM Mecxe.
/ got a parking ticket.

to go to court - noMTM e cya

FopodcKdn yKUJHh deecmu mpudi^amb mpu 233

9-6 noroBopiiM ce6e. Saaaiixe npyr apyry Bonpdcbi.

1. KaK npoexaxb in yHUBepcHTCTa e ueHTp rdpojia? Haao exaxb no mocce? Moxho exaTb
no ynMuaM?
2. Okoho Bamero yHiiBepcMTCTa nerKO nocraBHTb NiamnHy? Ab ueHxpe rdpona?
3. Bac Koraa-Hndyab mTpa(|30Ba.iii? 3a mto?
4. Bbi 3HaeTe aHnnncKiiii iKBiiBa.ieHT noc.idBiiubi: "7111116 ejeiub. alibiiie dyneiiib"?

CKoporoBopKa. CKa:«;HTe dbicxpo: LUna Cama no iiiocce m cocana cyniKy.

9-7 Box TaKaH ciiTyamia. Paibirpauxe.

1. Your friend has invited you to a party. Find out how to get to his/her place and ask him/her
to draw a map.
2. Your friend calls you on the phone. He/she has gotten lost on the way to your place.
Explain that he/she must turn right at the first traffic light.
3. You need to stop for gas. Call a friend who is waiting for you and explain that you will be a
few minutes late.

Mbi 3a6jiyjH.iHCb

— BaM ndMoiub?
uyyKHa.
— Mxo niuexe? Bbi
— My3eH coBpeMCHHoro iicKvccxBa.
— KaK xyaa nonacxb?
— KaK xyna npoiixM?
— Mbi 3a6.iynMnMCb.
Ka>Kexc5i.
— ao
JHofianxe yr.ia.
— Ha yrny nepenaMxe ynnuy.
— Hpouanxe asa KBapxlxa.
— M BbiTuexe npaMO k My3eio.
Bbi
— Bo.xbuide cnaciiSo.
— He 3a Mxo.
— Mbi BaM dneHb 6jiaronapHbi.
MXO
jUa Bbi.
— He cxdMx 6jiaroiiapHocxM.
— Hex. Bbi naM xaK noMornn.
Hex.

3an6MHHTe!

KaK (npoMTH/npoexaxb) Ha KpacHyio luiomaiib?

KaK (npoHTM/npoexaTb) e uenxp?
KaK (npoMTH/npoe.xarb) k Mvseio?
When asking for directions, use the preposition k + dative after
npoiiTM/npoexaTb if the destination is a building (or a group of
buildings). Use b or he + accusative if the destination is an open space.

234 doecmu mpudiiamb nembipe Fjiaed 9

9-8 IlHbiMM cjiOBaMM. KaK eme cxasaTb no-pyccKM?
1. KaK Tyfla nonacTb? 3. Mbi 3a6nyflMiiMCb.
2. CnacM6o. 4. He 3a mto.

9-9 BoT TaKaH ciiTvauMH.

A. Bbi B MocKBe. Bbi ctomtc Ha KpacHow nnomami m MiiieTe Ha Kapxe DiaBHbiH noHxaMT.
CnpocMxe npox6;*:MX (passers-by), rae oh HaxdflMXca.

IIpoxdiKMM 1: y Bac ceroflHa nnoxoe nacxpoeHMe.

IlpoxdjKiiM 2: Bbi dqcHb xoxMxe noMdMb, ho nudxo 3Haexe rdpoji.
Jlpoxd^MM 3: Bbi dMCHb niddnxe noroBoprfxb.
IlpoxdiKMM 4: Bbi 3a6bijiM fldMa omkm, ho nbixaexecb noMdnb.
IIpoxd^iiM 5: Bbi 3Haexe, rae naxdjiMXca EiaBHbiH noMxaMX.

/ / /rocxMHMua
«Mexpondnb»

OKpOBCKMkI C066p)

MXO MOJKHO HaSBaXb CaMOM BblCOKOii XOMKOil MoCKBbI?

Bbicoxa IlIyxoBCKOM Tejie6aiiiHM na IlIa5ojioBKe 160 m.

Bbicoxa 3flaHM5i MTV na Bopo6beBbix ropax 239 m.
Ho, KoneMHO, caMaa BbicoKaa - OcxaHKMHCKaa xe;ie6aiiiHfl.

ropodCKCLH yKUJHb deecmu mpudi^amb nnmb 235

B. Bbi B nexepSypre. rioaoMjiMTe k npoxd:»(eMy na yjiMue m cnpocMxe, KaK npoMXM k 3pMMxa3fcy,

ripoxojKMM 1: Bbi xonbKO mxo npwexajiM m3 Mockbbi.

ITpoxoiKMH 2: Bbi OHCHb xopdnMxecb.
ripoxo^iiii 3: Bbi nidSMxe sanaBaxb mhofo BonpocoB.
npox6>Knii 4: Bbi ayMaexe. mxo Jiymue Bcero cnpocHXb MMnwuMOHepa.
ripoxoiKHM 5: Bbi npefljiaraexe noKasaxb, rae 3pMMxa^.

McaaKMeBCKMM CoSdp Acx6pnfl AflMMpajixeMCXBO 3pMMxa;K

Bbi aaecb

Mac nMK
— Ocxopd>KHo! TopMosw!
— B MeM aenol IloMeMy Bce ocxaHaBjiMeaioxcsi?
— noxd»:e, mxo npoM30iiina aBapna.
— Mxo cjiyMM.nocb? MauiHHbi cxo.nKHyiiiicb?
— Md»:ex mmhax nopdry?
dbixb.
— HaBepHO, npdcxo npddKa.
JXa.

— Mjim MauiMHa sacxpajia.

— y Hac Bcerna y>KacHoe nBHxeHwe 3xo BpcMH. e
— KoHCMHO, Mac hmk.
ceiiMac

9-10 MHbiiviH cjiOBaMii. OdtacHiixe no-pyccKM.

1. noxdxe, MXO npoM3omjia aBapMR.

2. B 3X0 BpeMfl Bceraa y^acHoe flBimeHiie.
3. Ha flopdre npd5Ka.
4. CeiiMac Mac niiK.

236 doecmu mpudiianib uiecnib Fjiaed 9

9-11 rioroBopMM o CBoeM ropofle. CnpocwTe apyr npyra.

1. B KaKoe BpcMa hha b BaiucM rdpoae Gbisaex nac hmk?

2. Korfla npoMcxoflMx Sojibuie Bcerd asapMH?
3. noMCMy MOJKeT npoHiOMTM asapMA?
4. noMCMy MOVKer BoiHMKHyjb np65Ka Ha nopore?
5. Koraa niao TopM03PiTb?
6. Mto Haflo flenaxb, MxdSbi M36e>KaTb (ro avoid) aBapww?

9-12 BoT Tanaa ciiTvauMH. PaibirpaiiTe.

1. There was an accident on the highway. You

will have to take side streets, and it will take

you longer to get to your friend's house. Call

and explain.
2. You have witnessed an accident. Look at the

drawing and explain how it happened to a

Russian policeman (MMjiiimiOHep).

9-13 riiicbMO o r6po;ie.

IlpoMMTaiiTe nncbMO h
>xibixi6e ciiacpi6o TO, mto;
HaMflMxe OTBCTbi Ha Bonpdcbi.
)jipd6HO onaca-iH? VHHBef
1 . KoMy KaTH nMiuex? npOCTHXe, MTO Ta OTBCM^na. Bbi
2. Fne ona 6bma npainHMKM?
b cnpauiMBaere. mto y mch^ a npdiuToii aejieTe
6biT npa^THMk. H Mens np Jia K ce6e noTpyr a,
3. B KaKdvi iiiTaxe HaxdnHxcH rdpoji?
MiiCHbKOM rdpone a uiTaTe
pojihe.nii Kordpoii ;+vUByT b
4. Hto naxdnHTCfl na naBHoii ynnue?
Bep.MOHT. ^ HiiKona paHbtue ne 6bJTa s raKOM ropoTKe:
5. Mto Kare noHpasnTiocb h ne B HCM To'jibKO OTHa TTa'sHaa y.TJiua, Ha Kordpoii
noHpaBMJiocb B 3T0M rdpo/je? HaxdflHTCH Mara3iiHbi, 6aHK, arrreKa. ndMTa. KHuoTeaxp.
6. KaK Bbi AyMaexe, kto xaKoft B KOHue y.iimb! nTdiuajib. ii na vieii cy.i. uepKOBb it

HHKOJiaH MOCHCJJOBHH? ["ocTHHima. riocepeaHHe nTdiua.iii naMHi HMK. ho h hc

nd.MHio KOMv. Mepei tdpoT npoxdanT xeji^aHaa jiopdra,
HO BOK3a-aa hct. oh b cocejiHeM rdpoae. Mhc cKaaa hi.
MTO :5to thhmmhwh rdpozi HoboK Ahtthh. Oh Ou i

ocHdsaH B KOHije 18 BCKa. B hcm npiiviepno 50 Tb'iCHM

AH ie ieii. Cobccm apyraa AH^Hb. mcm b do/ibmoM
Idpone; ece TaK mhcto h vkStho. Ho Ha ynmiax cobccm
hct npoxd;<ciix if oda^aTCJibHo Hy>KHa MaimiHa hct —
HHKaKoro o6mecTBeHHoro TpaHcnopra, Mne Ta.M oMCHb
noHpaenTOCb. ho co.MHCBaiocb. mto a xoTc.ia 6bi
npo>KMTb B TaKOM riipoje bcio >Kii3Hb. flocxapaiocb
CKopo wanHcaTb eme.

Bama KaiH

FopodcKdn AcusHb deecmu mpiidifamb ceMb 237

 TIopMoK cjioe

Note the word order in the sentences below. Each sentence starts with the location. Pay attention
to the differences in word order of the Russian sentences and their English equivalents.

1. B rdpofle TonbKo oxma yiiHua.

There is only one street in the town.
2. B KOHue y.nnubi nndmanb, m na neii saiuue cyna.
There is a square at the end of the street, and there is a court building
in the square.
3. riocepenMHe nndmajiM naMHTHMK.
There is a monument in the middle of the square.

9-14 rdpofl. Think of a town or a neighborhood where you have lived and complete
^"—^ the following descriptions.

1 . B rdpone ecTb

2. Ha ynnue 6biJi/6biiia/6buiM

3. B KdHue y.iHUbi

4. Ha njidmafln_

5. nocepeniiHe nndmanM

6. y Hac B rdpojte ne 5biJio/HeT

9-15 Moil ponHoii PaccKaxMxe o bm

^^ rdpoii. rdpoiie, rne BbipocjiM.

1. 51 Bbipoc/.ia B rdpojie B mxaxe

2. B 3T0M rdpone ecTb

3. BnM3K0 ox fldNia HaxdaHxca.

4. B rdpone ne dbLio

5. Fdpofl 6bin ocHdBan b_

6. B rdpoae >KMxeneM.

9-16 Fdpon, B KOTopoM fl xony *iiTb. PaccKajKHxe o rdpofle, Koxdpbiii BaM HpasMxca.

238 deecmu mpudiiaitib eoceMb Fjiaed 9

rOBOPHTE nPABHJIbHO!

Fjiarojibi ^BM^eHUfl c npMCxaBKaiviu {Prefixed verbs of motion)

In Chapter 8 you learned that unprefixed verbs of unidirectional motion are imperfective
verbs. Prefixes that show direction are added to unprefixed verbs of motion to indicate the
direction of the motion. We will call these prefixes directional prefixes. You have already
like npMMTM, npuexaxb, 3aMTM, laexaTb, etc. If
been using directional prefixes with verbs
you remember the following facts about verbs of motion, both prefixed and unprefixed, it will
be easier for you to use them correctly.

Perfective verbs are formed when

directional prefixes combine with verbs of unidirectional
motion. Some examples below with the prefixes npn- and y-. Note the change in
are given
spelling of mjitm (math -mtm) when it combines with prefixes.

perf. perf.
npM + exaxb m npiiexaxb npw + m^tm ^ npiiilTM to arrive
perf. perf.
y + exaxb ^ yexaxb y + maxm ^ ywxM to depart

When a directional prefix is added to a verb of unidirectional motion a new perfective verb with a
different meaning is formed. The same prefix is used to form a corresponding imperfective verb.

• Imperfective forms for perfective verbs formed from matm, jiererb Be3TM, bcctm, and hcctm
are formed by adding the same prefix to the corresponding verb of multidirectional motion.

Unidirectional Multidirectional
XOJlHTb motion on foot
npHHXH npMXOOTXb to arrive, come
yftxH yxofliixfa to leave, go away
jiercTb jiexaxb flying, motion in air
npHJiexexb npHJiexaxb to arrive

yjiexexb yjiexaxb to leave, depart

Be3TH B03HXb motion by vehicle
npHBesxH npMB03HXb to bring
yBesxii yBOSHXb to take away
BCCTH BOAHXb to lead (someone)
npHBecxH npMBOHMXb to bring
yeecxH yBOJIHXb to take away
HeCTH HOCHXb to carry (motion by foot)
npHHecxil npMHOCHXb to bring
ynecxH yHOCHXb to take away: remove

FopodCKCLH >KU3Hh deecmu mpudifamb deenmb 239

 • Imperfective verbs for prefixed forms of exaxb are formed by adding the same prefix to
-e3*aTb.

exaxb -eSiKHTb motion

npHexaxb npHCB^axb to arrive
yexaxb yes^Kaxb to depart

imperfective verbs for prefixed forms of 5e*axb are formed by adding the same prefix
to -6eraxb (note the change of stress from the verb of multidiretional motion 6eraxb).

5eiKaxb -6eraxb motion by foot

npH5e:^axb npH6eraxb to come running
y5e:«:axb y6eraxb to run away (note stress)

• imperfective verbs for prefixed forms of njibixb are formed by adding the same prefix to
-n.ibiBaxb. (Note the change of spelHng.)

njibixb -njibiBaxb motion in/by water

npHOJibixb npnn.ibiBaxb to arrive by water ^^^^
ynjibixb yn.abiBaTb to depart by watei

The forms -esjKaxb

m
-6eraxb
-njibiBaxb
only occur with prefixes.

The concept of unidirectional motion vs. multidirectional motion does not apply to prefixed
verbs of motion. Prefixed verbs of motion belong to the category of verbs that denote
"reversible" actions (see Chapter 4, p. 121). When referring to a one-time action, the past
tense imperfective indicates that the action occurred but its result is no longer in force;
the past tense perfective indicates that the result is still in force.

Kxo VHec Moii khmtm? Who took my books away? (result in

foice - they are missing)
9{ npMBe3/npMBe3jia eavi noaapoK. I've brought you a gift, (result in
force - here it is)

9{ yxojHJi/a Ha nojinaca. I was gone for half an hour, (result no

longer in force- I'm back)
K HaM npiiexajiif rdcxw m3 Poccmm. We have company (visitors) from Russia.
(result in force - they're still here)
K HaM npiiesmajiM rdcxM m3 Poccmm. We had company from Russia, (result no
longer in force - they've left)

240 daecmu copoK Fjiaed 9

You already know the meaning of the more commonly used directional prefixes and the
imperfective/perfective verbal pairs that they form.

• B-/Bbl- .

entry, movement into exit, movement out of

BXOJJHTb/BOilTM + Kyfla? BbixojiHTb/BbiMTii + oTKyfla? (xyjia?)

BxoflMTe, no»:anyMCTa. ECJTM Bbl XOTMTe KypHTb, BblMJlMTe B KOpMAOp.

Please come in! If you want to smoke, go out to the hallway.
Kto-to nocxyMan b jiBcpb.
«BoMflMTe!» —
CKa3aji/a a. When the time of departure is relevant,
Someone knocked on the door. I said, Bbi- isused with matm, exaxb, and jiexexb.
"Come in!" 5{ oSblMHO BbIXO«y M3 flOMa B CeMb HaCOB.

/ usually leave the house at 7:00.

Mbi BbijieTejiM (BbiexajiM) m3 BocxoHa b 9.45.
We departed Boston at 9:45.

Going out

In English we often say I'm going out tonight, or Last night we went out. There
are no precise Russian equivalents for this expression. In Russian one could say
«Cer6flHfl BeHepovi mchh hc Syaex n6ivia», or «BHepa nac He 6bijio fl6Ma». If
you want to be more specific and say where you are going (or where you were),
say: «Cer6aHa Benepovi mw MfleM b toctm (b xeaxp, b kmh6)».

9-17 Hao6op6T. Respond in the negative making all the necessary changes.

Odpaseu: Kt6-to bouicji b KOMHaxy. ^ Hex, kx6-xo xojibKO hxo Bbiuieji m3 KOMHaxbi.

1. CoSaKa B6e>Kajia b jxom.

2. MaiiiMHa Biiexajia b rapa:<K.
3. TIpenoflaBaxenb Bouieji b ayziMXopMK).
4. MaujHHbi BiexajiM na xeppiixopmo yHMBepCMxexa.
5. Bbi y:5Ke BHecjiii MeSenb b KBapxwpy.
6. ^exM yyvit bouijim b aom m3 ca^a.

9-18 CnpocMTe flpyra. jUawxe ndnHbiii oxbcx m KaK mo^kho 6djTbuie BapwaHXOB.

1 . Korna Bbi BbixoAHTe m3 flOMa yxpOM?

2. Mxo Bbi roBopMxe, Korxia bxcamtc b jiom cbomx Apy3eM?
3. Hxo Bbi jiejiaexe, ecnw 3bohmx xejiecjDOH, Korjia Bbi yxe bmuijim m3 jioMa?
4. Hxo Bbi roBopwxe, ecuw kxo-xo BOeraex b KOMHaxy m mxo-xo kpmmmx?
5. ^xo Bbi roBopwxe, ecnii BxoflMxe b KJiacc ndcne HaMana ypOKa?

ropodCKdn MUJHb deecmu copoK oduH 241

• npii-/y-

arrival departure, removal

npiixoaHTb/npiiiiTM + Kyaa? yxoaHTb /yiiTii + Kyaa? oxKyaa?

Koraa xbi oobimho npuxomiuib homom? Ohm ym.iH.
When do you usually ^et home? They've left. They' re gone.

npiieaiKaTb/npiiexaTb + oTKvaa? yes^waxb/yexaTb + Kyaa? oxKvaa?

K HaM npiiexa.iii rdcru ii3 Pocchh. Ohm yexa.iH e Pocchio.
We have company from Russia. They've left for Russia.

npii.iexaTb/npH.ieTeTb + Kvaa? y.xexaxb/y.xexexb + Kyaa? oxKyaa?

KaxHHa noapyra npiLieraer b Boctoh idBxpa. Mbi ono3aa.xn. Ham caMo.xex y»:e ynexeji.
Karya's friend is arriving in Boston tomorrow. We're late. Our plane has already departed.

npiiBOjHTb/npiiBecTM + Kord? Kyaa? OTKyaa? vBoanxb/yBecTH + Kord? Kyaa? oxKvaa?

ITpHBoaHTe cBoerd Hoeoro apyra. > eeaH ixy cooaKy!
Bring your new friend. Get that dog out of here!
npiiB03HTb, npiiBeirii + Kord/MTO? Kyaa? OTKyaa? yB03iixb yBe3XH + Kord/Mxo? Kyaa? oxKyaa?
Mbi saM noaapoK h3 Pocchh.
npiiBeBjiii Mono MaiiiHHy vBeajiM!
We brought you a present from Russia. My car's been towed away!
npHHOCHTb/npHHecTii + hto? Kyaa? oxKyaa? vHOCHXb/vHecxH + Mxo? Kyaa? oxKvaa?
Mto MHe npHHecTii. Koraa s npHay k sasi yneciixe ixii semH.
B rocTH? Get those things out of here!
What can I bring to the party?

9-19 Respond in the negative making all necessary changes.

OOpaaeu: AsxdCyc yjKe npHuie.x? Hex. aexdCyc xdabKO mxo yuie.x.

1. BauiH rdcxH npHexa^in? 5. Ona npHxdaHx c paooxu e 8.00?

2. Cavio-iex npH.iexe.i? 6. Kopao.xb npHo.ibi.x?
3. Owa npnexa.ia Ha paodxy? 7. Kxo npHHec ixii eeiuH?
4. ZJexefi yjKe npiiBes.iii b lUKoay?

242 ^ dGecmu copoK dea r.iaed 9

9-20 CKayKHTe no-pyccKii. JUaHTC pyccKne 3KBMBa-ieHTbi.

1 . When are you leaving home?AVhen do you leave home?

2. When are you coming home?A^ hen do you come home?
3. When is your plane leaving?AVhen does your plane leave?
4. When is their plane arriving?AV hen does their plane arrive?
5. When is the boat leaving?/When does the boat leave?
6. Who is leaving for Russia?
7. Who is arriving from Russia?

• noj-/oT-

approach. movement up to movement back from or away

from a short distance away from the side of

nojxojHTb/nojoiiTH + k KOMy/neMy? OTXOaHTb/OTOiiTH + OT KOfd/Mero?

IToaoiuH K 3TOMy MMnimnoHepy ii cnpocH, rue OxoiuHTe. no}*:a.iyHCTa!
vibi HaxdaiiMCfl. Please stand (step) back.
Go up to that policeman and ask where we are.
With the transitive verbs of motion HecTii. bccth,
noa-bei^KaTb/nojiexaTb + k KOMv/Mesiy? and eeiTii ox- adds the meaning of taking people
K Haujesiy aoMv noj'bexa.ia MaiuiiHa. or things from one place to another and
A car drove up to our house. leaving them there.
noj6eraTb/noj5eyKaTb + k KOMy/neNiy?
K HaM noj6eyKa.ia co5aKa h Banaana. /
A dog ran up to us and started barking. -1

/ )

oxBOjHTb oxBecxH + KOFO? Kyaa?

3aBTpa oxBeay xeGa b 6acceiiH.
$1

I'll take you to the pool tomorrow.

oxB03HXb/oxBe3XH + Koro/MTO? Kyaa?

MapK jo.iAeH oxBe3XM Kaxio e a3pon6pT.
Mark has to drive Karya to the airport.
oxHocHXb/oxHecxH + Mxo? Kyna?
Haao oxHecxH 3xm KHiini b 5M6jiHoxeKy.
We've got to take these books back to the library.

ropodCKCLH jhliJHb daecmu cdpoK mpu 243

9-21 Box MTO npoH30ui.i6. npoHnxaHTe h noayusiPne: mto SHanaT 3tii marojibi jBH:>KeHHH.

Koraa a no;ioui.ia k aoMy. a yBPine.ia cbct b okhc. ^ Soanacb, hto 3to Bopbi m no3BOHMna b
MMUMUMK). IloKa :acna.ia. hto npHe:ieT MunMunH. jsepb noMa oxKpbi.iacb, m a yBwjiena mok5
MaMy, KOTOpaa Bbiui.ia m3 noMa. —
OHa xoxejia cjienaTb mhc CK)pnpii3.

Make up your own story which starts with the words: Koraa Mbi nojouinii k noMy, Mbi yBMflenM .

9-22 BoT TaKa>i CHTvauHii. PaBbirpafiTe. YnoTpeSiixe rnardnbi c npMCTaBKaMM noa-, ox-, npw-, y-

Tell your friend that

1. you
2. you
3. you
4. you
5. you
6. you
7. you
8. you

3a-

1. movement performed while on the

way somewhere
2. a short visit to a person or place

3axojHTb/3aHTH + K KOMy? Kyjia? 3a KeM/3a HeM?

M K HUM MacTO 3axo>Ky. / drop in on them often.
no aopdre ztovidil. laiuii b Mara3MH On your way home, stop at the store and
3a MOJIOKOM. get some milk.

3ae3>KaTb/3aexaTb + k KOMy? Kyaa? 3a KCM/sa mcm?

XoMeujb. 51 3a to66h laeny? Do you want me to pick you up?
Pa3 b Hefle.iK) h 3ae3yKaio k pojiMTejiflM. I visit my parents once a week.

• nepe-

/ y y 1. movement across
-1 2. from one place of residence to another
3. from one job to another
y y y y
nepexojHTb/nepeiiTii + mto? m.ih qepe3 mto?
+ Kyjia?
Oepeiuevi Mepe3 y.iimy 3aecb. Let' s cross the street here.
Otcu nepeuiCji ua apyryio paGory. My father has taken another ph.

244 doecmu copoK nembipe Fjiaed 9

9-23 Box TaKaa ciiTvamiH. PasbirpanTe.

06pa3eii: Ec.iii $i luy neuiKOM. si Mory CKasaxb:

—M 3aiiay k Ba.M.

1 . Mto Bbi CKa:*:eTe. ec.iii bli

a. 6e«^irre.
6. eaexe na \iaiiiHHe.
B. .leruTe Ha (siiieMbKosi) caMOieje.
r. eaexe Ha MOTOuiiK.ie/Ha ee.iocuneae.
2. Mto Bbi cKa:;KeTe. ecnn Bamesty apyry ny^KHbi KHiini, KOTopue y sac ecrb. ecnii bbi
a. luexe neuiKOM.
6. eaexe Ha siaiiiHHe.

B. eaexe Ha se.iocunexe.
3. Hxo Bbi CKa^exe. ecxH Bbi

a. no.iyMH.iH HOByio paGdxy.

6. CHfl.iii HOByio KBapxiipy.
4. Bac cnpauiHBaiox. rje Mara3MH. Oh na apyxdii cxopone y.iHUbi. ^xo Bbi CKaxexe?

9-24 CKByKHxe no-pyccKii. OotacHiixe. b KaKOit CMxyaumi bu Md:5Kexe 3xo CKasaxb.

1. I'll pick you up (on foot). 5. I'll pick you up (on my motorcycle).
2. I'll bring you some food (on foot). 6. I ll drive by and bring you the books.
3. I've moved. 7. I got a new job.
4. You have to cross the street.

9-25 PaccKa>KHxe bccm. OotacHi'ne noHeMv.

1 . You are moving to a new apartment.

2. You moved around a lot when you were a child.
3. You swim well and you can swim across the river.
4. You are planning on getting a different job.
5. You are planning to move to another city (state, country).

• npo-

movement through or past

npoxojnTb npoiixif + Kyaa? npoe3>Kaxb npoexaxb + qxo? Kyna?

Kxo 3XO xd.ibKo Mxo nponie.i? Mbi npoexa.iii namy ocxanoBKy.
Who was that who just walked by? We're missed our stop.

FopodCKClR jhllJHh dee emu cop ok numb 245

 3an6MHHTeI
Verbs of motion with the prefix npo- combine with mmmo + the genitive case to
denote movement past someone or something and with the preposition nepcB + the
accusative case to denote movement through something.

KtO 3T0 TO.lbKO MTO npOUie.l MHMO Hac?
H npoxoyKv MHMO TBoero aoMa
Ka*:abiii aenb.
Mbi npoe3JKaeM nepes 3tot TOHHe.ib
Ka:»ubiii aeHb.
Who was that who just walked past us?
I walk by your house every day.
We drive through this tunnel
every da\.

movement as far as: reaching a goal

aoxoaiiTb /aoiiTM
Ohm ao yraa ii ocTaHOBii.ancb.
aoui.iH They walked as far as the corner and stopped.
Zloe3JKaii ao TeepCKOu yanubi Go as far asTverskaya Street
11 noeepHM Hanpaeo. and make a ?'ight.

9-26 BoT TaKa» ciiTvamiJi. OnmuriTe, mto npoinomad. ynoTpeSiire npo- iiaii jo-.

1. You are on a crowded bus. You've missed your stop because you couldn't get off.
2. You are upset, because a friend walked by and didn't say hello.
3. You were late for your friend's party, because there was a traffic jam and it took you an
hour to get downtown.
4. You hve on a river and you like watching ships sail by.
5. You live near an airport. You hate having planes fly over your house day and night. You'll
try to move.
6. You feel awful, because you didn't recognize your professor and walked past him/her
7. You got lost because you walked to the corner and then turned left instead of right.

B3-(bC-, B03-, BOC-)/c-

movement upwards movement down from, off

246 deecmu copoh uiecmb

BCX0JIHTb/B30MTM CT.e3*aTb/cT>exaTb + oTKyaa? Kyaa?
CojiHue y:»ce naeHo B30uijid. 3flecb Hajio cbexaxb c mocce.
The sun's been up for a long time. Wp haxe to exit from the highway here.
B3JieTaTb/B3JieTeTb CXOaHTb/cOMTM + OTKyfla? Kyfla?
Mx caMonex y»:e B3JieTeji. 51 coiueji/couijia bhm3 m oTKpbm/a flsepb.

Their plane' s already taken off. / came downstairs and opened the door

MflMOMaTMMecKoe ynoxpeSjieHMe
cxojiHTb/coMTH c yMa - to lose one's mind
Bbi c yMa coiujiM? Are you crc

CBOflHTb/cBCCTM Koro-TO c yMd - to drive someonWcfc

Tbi MeH« c ywa CBOjiMuib. You're driving me crazy

9-27 Hto 3flecb npoMCxoaMT? OnmuMTe, mto npoMCxdflMx Ha KapTWHKax.

1. (B3JieTaTb/B3iieTeTb) 2. (cnexaTb/cjiexeTb)

CaMOnex ByMara CO cxona.

3. (cXOflMTb/cOMTM) 4. (B36eraxb/B36e»:axb)

nacca:}KMpbi MapK no jiecxHMue.

Kopa5iifl Ha npMCxaHb.

5. (CXOflHTb/cOMTM) 6. (BCX0AHXb/B30MXM)/(cX0flHXb/C0MXM)

TypMCTbi c ropbi. OflHM xypMcxbi Ha

ropy, a xtpyrwe

c ropbi.

FopodCKClH 7KU3Hb deecmu copoK ceMb 247

 C-XOZlHTb
Cb-eBZIHTb

C-oeraTb
C-.lCTaTb

The prefix C-combines with verbs of multidirectional motion to form perfective verbs
that indicate movement in opposite directions: there and back.

CXOJHTb
51 cxo;iHJi/a b 5M6iiHOTeKy 3a KHrfraMw / went to the library to get some books,
M cen/a 3aHMMaTbCfl. came back and got to work.

CT>e3JIlTb
KaK Bbi cT>e3niiJiii? How was your trip?
c5eraTb
CSeraii b anrexy 3a acnnpHHOM. Run down to the drugstore and get some aspirin.

cneraxb
^ MMFOM c.ieTaio. I'll he back quick as a flash.

9-28 BoT TaKan ciiTvamifl. OGtsHChhtc. hto Bbi 6yneTe uejiaxb.

Odpaseu: BaM Hy:*cHo 6bicTpo noiiTM b Mara3MH. Y Bac Mano BpeMCHM.

H CXOKV B Mara3HH.

1. BaM nano noexaxb b yHiiBepcuTex na Mac hjih nBa.

2. BaM Haao Ha Heaenio no.iexeTb b Pocciik).
3. BaM Hajio no6e:>KaTb 3a xneSoM.
4. Bbi 3a6biiiM flOKnaa jioMa. BaM Hajio 6bicTpo BepHyxbca 3a flOKJiaaoM.

9-29 Hto Bbi cKaiKexe? JUailxe xaK m6»:ho 66jibiiie BapiianxoB.

06pa3en: Bbi BepnynMCb ii3 Mara3MHa. Bam apyr cnpaiUMBaex: »

— Hy Mxo, cxojiHJi/a b Mara3MH?

1. Bbi e3flMJiM Ha MauiHHe b ynnBepcuxex. BaM naao 6biJio oxbcsxm khmfm b 6M6iiMOxeKy.
Bam npyr cnpaimiBaex:

2. Bbi npnexaiiM m3 Mockbu. Bamn flpy3bsi cnpamiiBaiox:

3. Bbi xdnbKO MXO Bepnyniicb H3 noMa, rue Bbi 3a6bijin KypcoBvio pa66xy. Bam apyr
cnpamiiBaex:

4. Bbi xdnbKO MXO BepnyjiHCb m3 SaHKa. rue bw B3flJiM acHbrii. Bam npyr cnpamiiBaex:

248 doecmu copoK adceMb Fjiaed 9

9-30 CKa>KMTe no-pyccKM. ^aiiTe pyccKHC 3KBHBajieHTbi h CMTyauwio, b KOTopoH Bbi
Moxexe 3T0 CKaiaxb. OobHCHHxe noMCMy.
1. I'll run to the store.

2. I'll drive to school for the books.

3. I'll go to the videostore on the corner and get a movie.
4. I'll fly to New York for a couple of days.

KopomKO
In the past tense, use perfective cxo;iHTb-type verbs if you are referring to previously
mentioned or contemplated actions or the result of an action. Otherwise, use the past tense
of xo;iHTb-type verbs. Remember to use imperfective verbs in answer to questions like
''Where were you? What were you doing? What did you do yesterday?"

— Mto flenauM BMepa BewepOM?

Bbi "What did you do last night?"
— Mbi xo;iHJiH Ha KMTaiiCKMMHOBbiii ({jHJibM. "We went to a new Chinese film."
— Hie Mbi xeGa
Tbi 6biji/a? :KflanM. "Where have you been? We've been waiting
for you."
—H aomom
6eraji/a KomenbKOM. 3a "/ ran home to get my wallet."

— Bbi HaKOHeu cxo;ihjih ua (nocMOTpejiH) "Did you finally go see that movie?"
3T0T 4>H.lbM?
(You know that the other person(s) intended to go see the movie and you want to know if the
action and its result have occurred.)

— Tbi c5eraji/a flOMoii 3a neHbraMM? "Did you run home for your money?"
(You know that the other person(s) intended to run home to get some money, and you want to
know if the action and its result have occurred.)

9-31 Cer6;iH>i, Ka^K^biH jieHb, saerpa. Read the following narrative. Think of the story
as something Nina does every day. Then think of the story as something happen
that will
tomorrow.

HHHa H3 flOMa poBHO B 10 nacoB. Ona nepeuiJia ynMuy, nonoiujia k ra3eTH0My

Bbiiujia
KMOCKy M KyoHJia CBe:*cyK) ra3eTy. IIotom OHa npoiiijia Mepe3 napK m Bauijia k cbocm noapyre
BbiHHTb Maio. ^epe3 Mac OHa yuiJia ox noflpyrn ii nouijia b ueHxp. Ona HCMHoro noxo;iHJia no
rdpofly. a noTOM peuin:ia 3aMTM b pecxopaH noecxb. Koraa ona npMiu.ia b pecxopan, OHa
yBMnena, mxo napdny OMCHb mhofo m CBoSdnHbix Mecx Hex. Oua peujM.ia noxio:4cxtaxb b
dqepenM. Koraa oMepenb noiujia no nee. eii cKa3ajiH, mxo pecxopan 3aKpbiBaexcfl na o6en.
Bezib ocJjMUMaHxaM x6:*ce nyxno ecxb.

FopodCKaH -jKU3Hh doecmu copoK deoAntb 249

9-32 Ahbjiio. Give English equivalents for the following sentences. What type of movement
(direction) is denoted by the prefix in each verb form?

1. He yxoflHTe!
2. npiixofliiTe K HaM cerdflHH BenepOM m npMBOflMxe cbomx apysew.
3. Oh Bbiuieji Ha necKonbKO MiiHyx.
4. jUama BMepa npHBOjHjia k naM b toctm cBoerd :aceHMxa.
5. Mbi yxe noflT.esjKaeM k OKpanne ropona.
6. HaM Hano saexaxb na 5eH30KondHKy, mtoGli sanpaBMXb ManiMHy.
7. Hiina npiieeajia Nine nonapoK ox poflMxeneM.
8. Korna npoiijieuib boh xo cepoe sjtaHMe. noBepHM naneBO.
9. Mbi Bbie3>KaeM e necnxb qacoB Benepa.
10. jHpy3bH nonpocHJiM Mena OTeesTH hx pOHMxejieii b a3pon6px.
11. Oh Bbiuieji m3 MaiiiMHbi, nojiouieji k MHjiMitMOHepy m cnpocHJi, KaK aoexaxb flo aapondpxa.
12. Tbi K HaM eqepa ne 3axo;iHJi/a?
13. Ohh KdMHaxy m co bccmm no3jiopdBajTMCb 3a pyxy.
BouiJiM b
14. OxoiiflMxe. no»:anyMcxa. ox aockm. fi HHMerd ne BUTKy.
15. JTyMUje nepeilxii Hepe3 ynwuy saecb, na nepexdjie.
16. BaHiiH oxeu fldji:«;eH na napy flnew cjiexaxb b Khcb.
17. CxdjibKo MMJib Mbi yjKC npoexajiM?
18. He nonxoaiixe! Codaxa Kycaexca!
19. KaK Bbi aoexajiM?

9-33 Box xaKan ciixyamiH. Pa3birpaiixe.

1. You're on your way out. The phone rings. Tell the other person that you have no time to
talk because you're leaving.
2. You've been asked to meet someone at the airport, and you want to know when the plane
is getting in.

3. Say that some friends from Russia are coming to visit you.
4. Your friend is entertaining some guests from another country. Find out when they're leaving.
5. You've just returned from a trip to Russia. Tell your family what you have brought for
everyone.
6. Tell everyone what time you left home this morning and what time you usually leave
home.
7. You work in an office.and your supervisor (HaqajibHMK-HaMajibHima) has left
It's 3 p.m.
for the day. What
you say if someone calls and asks for him/her?
will

8. You work in an office and your supervisor is in someone else's office. What will you say
if someone calls and asks for him/her?

9. A party is ending at your place, and you want to know who will drive Katya's mother
back to her apartment.
10. You and your roommate are moving to another apartment tomorrow and a friend with a
car has agreed to help you. You have to have all of your things out of the house by 10 in
the morning.
11. Call your roommate and ask him/her to stop by a store on the way home and get some
eggs and sugar.

250 doecmu nnmbdecnm Fjiaed 9

12. You're very upset because while you were walking to school some kid ran up to you,
grabbed (cxBaTWji) your briefcase/bookbag and ran off with it.

13. You don't like your job. and would new one.
like to get a

14. A friend left her book at your place when you were studying together last night. Call her
and tell her you'll drop it off on your way to work this morning.
15. Your friends are moving to a new apartment. Call them up and ask them when they are
moving and if they need help.
16. Your watch is broken and you have to take it to a watchmaker (xiacTep).
17. You're crowded bus and you have to get off at the next stop. What do you ask the
in a

person in front of you?

18. A friend of yours just got back from a trip. You want to know how the trip was.
19. Ask a friend if he/she would like to go out with you tonight.
20. Tell a friend you went out last night.

Indicating modes of transportation

Ha MCM Mbi esjiiiM. Kbk mm cbjihm.

• Use Ha + the prepositional case to indicate the type of transportation you use to get somewhere.

Ha aBToSyce Ha MaiuMHe
Ha TaKCH Ha ndesfle
Ha MeTpd Ha caMOJiexe
Ha KopaSne Ha napoxdfle
Ha Bejiociinefle Ha ndmaflM

KaK Tbi eaeiub aomom, Ha noesae mum How are you getting home, by train or
Ha aBToSyce? by bus?
noei^Kaiixe na Mexpo. Take the subway.
Ha MeM (KaK) jiyMuie exaxb, Ha MauiMHe What should I take, my car or the train?
HJtH Ha ndesfle? (How should I go, by car or by train?)

ITocxapaHTecb He 3a6biTb!

PyccKiie He roBopax:
Bo3Ijmh/xo anxoGyc; ooaMM/xo ndo3j !

PyccKiie roBopax:
OoeajKafi/Te na aBxdSyce. na ndesAe! Take a bus, take a train.'

Bo3bMeM xaKcw! Let's take a cab.

Ecnw BbixojKy m3 aoMy nosmo, If I leave home late, I take a cc
H 6epy xaKCH.
Only TaKCM and MauiiiHa can be used with the verb 5paTb/B35iTb. It can also mean
to rent a car.

ropodCKUH MUJHb doecmu nHntbdecAm oduH 251

 • Use B + the prepositional case if you want to indicate being inside a vehicle.

B asTOoyce b Mami'iHe
B laKCH B n6e3;ie
B Mexpo B caMo.iCTe

91 cHxieji/a B aBToGyce n MHxaji/a. / w as sitting in the bus reading.

Mbi noBHaKOMH.incb b n6e3je, We met on the train from Washington to Boston.
Koraa exa.xH h3 BamiiHrTOHa b Boctoh.
B caMO-iexe a .ik)o.ik5 ciueTb y OKHa. I like a window seat when I fly.

• Use cajiiTbCfl/cecTb to express getting on any type of transportation.

1. Use the preposition e with the nouns viauiuHa and raKCM.

cajiiTbCfl/cecTb b NiauiiiHy/TaKCM

2. Use either b or na with the nouns aBToOyc, noeaj, \ieTp6,and caviojieT.

ca:inTbCfl/cecTb b/hsl aBTd6yc/nde3a/MeTpd/caMOJieT

3. Use the preposition na with the nouns Benociinej. MOTomiK.i, MOTopo.inep (scooter),
napoxoa. KopaSnb, and adiuaab.
camiTbCfl/cecTb na Be.iociinen/MOTomiKn/MOTopd.inep/napoxdix/KopaSnb/.idmant.

• You can also use BXo;iHTb/BoifTn + b + the accusative case to express getting on
or into a closed vehicle. Use Bbixo;iHTb/BbnlTii + ii3 + the genitive case to express
getting out of a closed vehicle. Use the verb cxojHTb/coMTii + c + the genitive case
to indicate getting off of a ship. Use the verb cnesaxb/cneBTb + c + the genitive case
to indicate getting off of a bicycle, motorcycle, motorscooter, or off of a horse.

Ohm Boiii.iM b aBToSyc/ndeBfl. They got on (into) the bus/train.

Ohii Bbimnii h3 aBToSyca/ndeBna. They got off the bus/train.
Ohm Ha napox6:i.
ce.iii They boarded the ship.
Ohii coui.iii c napoxdja. They got off the ship.
Ohm ce.iM Ha BCJiociineabi. They got on their bikes.
Ohh c.ie3JiH c BciocnneaoB. They got off their bikes.

252 doecmu nnmbdecAm doa Fjiaed 9

 9-34 Bbi ejere b aBxooyce e MocKBe. Hto bbi CKa;t:eTe. ec.in bbi xothtc
1. get off at the next stop.
2. ask when the person in front of you is getting off.
tell someone to get on bus
3. # 5.
4. ask someone where you should get off
to get to the University.
5. ask someone w hat bus you should take
to go downtown.
6. ask someone where you can find a taxi.
7. tell someone that he/she should go by metro.

ropodchdjt jhujHh
deecmu numbdecHm mpu 253
KyjibxypA
Helena, KOTopbie 3HaioT Bce pyccKiie: Xieucdngp Aiehcdngpoout Rion
(1880-1921)

Box HTO BjIOk niican o ce5e b 1906 rony:

«H, cbiH npoc^eccopa BapmaBCKoro yHHeepcMxeTa A. JT. BnoKa m ndqepM Suemero peKxopa
CaHKx-ITexepSyprcKoro yHHoepcMxexa A. H. BeKexoea, poniincsi 16 H0fl5pfl 1880 r. b Cn6.,
cpennee oSpaBoeaHiie ncxyMilx b BBeneHCKoii niMHasMM m b 1898 roay nocxynpLi na
lopimi'iMecKiiii (|3aKy.ibxex Cn5. yHiiBepciixexa. DpoGbiB 3aecb xpii rdaa ii Bbmep:«;aB

3K3aMeH 3a 3-iin Kypc, a nepeme.x Ha l-bii1 Kypc ncxdpnKO-(|)iinonornHecKoro 4)aKy.xbxexa.

B xeqeHwe nepsbix flByx nex 3 npeflcxaBH.x Mexupe pecjjepaxa no KjiaccMMecKOM (JjnnondrMM.
riocxynMB Ha cjiasHHO-pyccKoe oxneneHMe, h saHMMancH r.xaBHbiM 66pa30M McxopweM
pyccKon -XMxepaxypbi ii pyccKoro fl3biKa. B 1903 rojiy a iKCHiincfl na aoMepn npo4)eccopa
IX- M. MenaeaeeBa. B noc.ienHiie roabi. coxpynHimaH b HCKoxopbix :)KypHa-xax w ra3exax. a

HNieio jiMxepaxypHbiii 3apa6oxoK.

AneKcanap BaoK
1 Mapxa 1906 rdaa»

CiHXOTBopeHHe. npomixafixe h Bbiy^Hxe nanBycxb.

CxiixoxBopeHiie. Koxdpoe Bbi ceiiMac npoMHxaexe. nocBaiueHd Ilexepdypry.

HoMb, y/iMua, •cjDOHapb, anieKa, lantern

•BecCMbic/ieHHbiM m 'TyCKribiM ceex. meaningless; dim
-
>Kmbm eme xoxb Meieepxb eeKa
Bce 6yfleT laK. 'Mcxofla Hex. way out
YMpeiub — HaMHeujb onpixb CHaMana,
M noBxopkiTCfl Bce, KaK •ecxapb: of old
HoMb, 'neflRHaR 'pflbb Kanana, icy; ripples
AnxeKa, ynnua, cjDOHapb.

254 daecmii nnrnhdecHm nembipe Fjiaed 9

0B30PHME 3A^AHHH
CxpyKTypa npeanoKeHMH

9-35 CKaHCMxe, hto bm Bunejm m mto bbi cjibluiajiM. nepeseflMTe cbom npe^jio^eHMH na

Odpaseu. MaiuMHa nojitexana k ndiviy. ^

a BMfleji/a, KaK iviauiHHa noniexajia k AOMy.
1. JlKSmi BblXOZlHJlH CO CTaflMOHa.
2. CxyAeHTbi yQiyKanm m oSmexMXMa.
3. Ohm B'be3:»cajiM e hobbim aom.
4. MaiiiMHbi Bbie3»:aiiM m3 rapa»:a.
5. Mom 6paT paHO yrpOM Bbiiuen m3 flOMa.
6. Haxama nofloiujia k OKHy m oxKpbiJia erd.
7. Mpa nofloiiijia k npenoflaBaxenio m 3aflana Bonpdc.
8. CepreM riexpoBMH oxomen ox cxona m cxan 3BOHMXb no xene4)dHy.

PasroBop

9-36 CKaiKMTe no-pyccKM.

Cnpocume dpyza Omeembme dpyzy

1. when he/she got a driver's license when you got your driver's license
2. how to get to the bookstore that he/she should go straight and then turn left
3. where he/she is driving that you are going to the country
4. why he/she is upset that there was a bad accident on the road
5. if you need to buy gas before you leave that the car has enough gas
6. why he/she is slowing down that there is road work ahead
7. whether he/she has the map that you left the map at home
8. when he/she will leave home that you'll leave at 8 a.m. and drive to work
tomorrow morning

9-37 Mto bbi OTBCTMTe? JUaiixe Kax Md»:HO 5dnbme BapwanxoB.

1. — KaK npoexaxb uenxp? b

2. — DoMeMy ono3flanM? Mxo cjiyMMJiocb?
bbi

3. —y 6eH3MH KOHMaexcsi. Mne Haao 3anpaBMXb MamwHy.

iviena

4. — y xe6a ecxb Kapxa rdpona?

5. — IloMeMy xopM03Mmb?
xbi

FopodcKdn yKu.mh deecinu nnmbdecHm nxmb 255

9-38 BoT xaKaa CMTyauMH. PaBbirpaHxe.

1. Explain to a Russian visitor how to get to:

a. the university Ubrary.

b. the bookstore.
2. You are walking in the city. A car stops and the driver asks in Russian how to get to:
a. the nearest supermarket.
b. a theater.
3. Draw a map of your neighborhood and explain where you live, point out stores, a theater,
a drugstore, etc.
4. Explain how to get from the university to your place.

9-39 ^MCKyccMH. B KaKOM ropofle bbi xothtc TKKTh, b 6onbm6M hjih ManeHbKOM?

riHCbMO

9-40 PcKJiaivta. You are going to write a travel brochure in Russian. Give a vivid description
of your neighborhood or city.

HxcHHe

9-41 riepen MTeHiieivi, Bbi Gyaexe MMxaTb xckcx o CaHKX-IlexepGypre m peKnaMHoM

5poiiiK5pbi asHaKOMnaHMii «A3po(j3ii6x».

A. OojiyMailxe: KaKyio MH4)opMauMio Md:«;HO Haiixn b xaKOM xcKCxe o ropone.

B. riojiyMHJiH Jiii Bbi xy HH4)opMauHK), Koxopyio oyKumjiu'?

neTep6ypr
16 MaH 1703 rofla - flCHb ocHoeaHiiH rdpoua 1924-1991 - JleHiiHrpan
1703-1914 - CaHKT-rieTepSypr C 7 ceHTfl6pH 1991 rdfla - CaHKT-IleTepSypr
1914-1924 -nerporpaa

CaHKT-neTep6ypr pacno;i6>KeH hb ceeepo-sanafle Poccmh, b flenbre peKM Hesbi, npn ee

BnafleHUM s (Dmhckum aa/iMs. Gbaojito flo ocHOsaHun neiepOypra 3flecb npoxoflwji 3HaMeHMTbiPi nyib
«H3 aapFir b rpeKn» or Ba/iTMuiCKoro Mopn ao MepHoro.
BoPiHa 3a HescKne Sepera fljiMJiacb CTO/ieinR. B 1617 rofly LLlBeunH 3axBaTMna aiy reppnTopnio.
Hepe3 83 rofla pyccKnti uapb rieip flepsbiPi Ha^an co LilBeunefi CeBepHyK) BoPiHy (1700-1721) sa
Bb'ixofl K BaniuiPicKOMy MopKD. K 1703 rofly peKa Hesa nepem/ia b pyKH pyccKux. Bb'ixofl b BariTMfiCKoe

Mope, a 3HaMMT, n b EBpony 6bm oiKpuT. 16 Man (no HOBOMy ctmjikd 27 Man) 1703 roAa 6bma 3aji6>KeHa
nerponaB/iOBCKaFi KpenocTb. C^ra oaia CMHTaeicfl flneM ocHOBaHUH CaHKT-neTep6ypra. Docne aroro
HaMa/i cTpoi/iTbCfl ropofl-nopT. Ha ocrpoBe Kot/imh 6bma nocrpoeHa eiue oflHa Kpenocib, KpoHLUiaflT.
B 1712 rofly CaHKT-neTep6ypr cian cio/iiiuePi Poccuimckom nMnepnn. flpn fletpe m ero npeeMHUKax
ropofl poc, CTaHOBMncfl ueHxpoM pyccKoPi Kyjibiypbi n HayKn. B 1756 rofly sflecb OTKpb'mcfl rearp, a
Mepes roA 6bma ocHOsaHa neiepCyprcKaH AKafleMnn xyAOMecTB.
Bo speMfl BiopoM MnpoBoPi boPihw c 8 ceHTfl6pfl 1941 roAa no 27 HHsapfl 1944 roAa JleHUHrpafl
HaxoAMiicfl B Ko/ibue 6noKaAbi. 3a Bpeivm 6;ioKaAbi norM6no oko/io MunnnoHa MenoBeK n MHorne
3AaHHfl B ropoA© 6b'mM paspymeHbi.
CeMMac B rierepbypre mubbt tonee 5 MunnnoHOB HenoseK. M kbk b 18 seKe, sto oamh m3
KpacuiBewiiiMx ropoAOB Muipa.

256 deecmu nnmbdecnm luecnib Fjiaed

 CJlOBAPb
Bbi aonyKHhi 3HaTb 3tm cnoea.

Hviena cymecxBHTenbHbie

aeapMfl accident
npoMiomna aeapMH. There's been an accident,
anxeKa drugstore
6eH3MH gasoline
6eH30KondHKa gas station
BOKiaJl railway station
HBMJKeHne traffic
y»cacHoe ABM:«;eHMe heavy traffic
flopora road
:«MTenb inhabitant
3iiaHne building
KBapraji city block
KHHOTeaxp movie theatre
HacrpoeHne mood
y Kord (KaKoe) HacrpoeHne
SbiTb B (KaKOM?) HacxpoeHHH to be in a mood

naMHTHHK + KOMy? monument, statue to someone

nnduianb ff.) square
ndqja post office
npa3flHHK holiday
npddKa traffiic jam
npOXOJKMM passer-by
CBerocJidp traffic light

cya courthouse
TpancnopT means of transportation
oSiuecTBeHHbiM xpaHcnopT public transportation
yjiMua street
uenxp rdpoaa downtown
mocce highway (freeway, beltway, turnpike)

Fjiarojibi

BnK)6jlflTbCfl/B,lK50HTbCJI + B KOrd? to fall in love

ZloraabiBaTbCH/noraaaTbCH + o mcm? to guess

flooMCbiBaTb/flonHcaTb + mto? to finish writing

:>KflaTb/noflo:>KflaTb + Kor6?/MTO? to wait for

3anpaB.iflTb/3anpaBHTb (5eH3HHOM) to fill up, to buy gas
3acTpeBaTb/3acTpflTb + rzie? to get stuck, stalled
HCKaXb + KOr6?/MTO? to look for, search
OCHdBblBaXb/oCHOBaTb + MTO? to found

ocTaHaBjineaTbCH/ocTaHOBMTbCH + y Kord? rae? to stop

nepexoaHTb/nepeiiTH to cross

noBopaMHBaTb/noBepHyxb + Kyjia? to turn

no3jpaB^iHTb/no3apaBHTb + Koro? c hcm? to congratulate

noMoraTb/noMOMb + KOMy? b mcm? to help
npoxonHTb/npoMTM + mhmo Kord?/Her6? to pass through

ropodCKCLH yKU3Hh deecmu nHmbdecAm ccMb 257

cflaBaxb/cflaxb (3K3aMeH) to take, pass one's exam
COMHCBaTbCa + B KOM? B MCM? to doubt
CXaBMTb/nOCTaBHTb (MaiUMHy) to park
CTaJIKMBaTbCfl/CTOJlKHyTbCfl + C KeM?/MeM? to collide

TOpM03MTb/3aTOpM03MTb to brake
yra;ibiBaTb/yraflaTb + hto? to guess
ii]Tpa(J)OBaTb/omTpac})OBaTb + Koro? 3a mto? to get a ticket

H\ieHa npHJiararejibKbie
rnaBHWH main
cocenHMM next, adjacent
TMnMMHbIM typical

HapeMHA
flojiro for a long time
nerKO easy, light
06H3aTeJlbH0 for sure
ocTOpd:»cHo carefully
noupdSHO in detail

noKa so far, yet

nocepcAMHe/nocpeAH in the middle
npnMepHO approximately
npHMO straight ahead
TpyflHO difficult, hard
yroTHO cozy

BbipajKeHHH
Bojibiude cnacwOo. Thank you very much.
JUa MTO Bbl. You don't say!
KaK npoexaxb... How do I get to
KaK nonacTb... How do I get to
KaK npoiiTM... How do / get to
Mbi BaM OMeHb Snaro^apHbi. We're very grateful to you.
He 3a MTO. Don't mention it.

He CTOMT 6jiaroAapHOCTM. Don't mention it.

noe3>Kaii/Te npaMO (HajiCBO, HanpaBo) Drive straight (left, right)

258 daecmu nnmbdecHm adceMb

nPMPOAA M Mbl

H3blK B
DMCbMO OT KaXMHOM MaMbI
Otbct KaTM
CxMXMMHbie 5eflCTBM5I
KaK fi 3aMep3/;ia
Kara 3a6ojiejia

foBopMTe npasM/ibHo!
MMCHa npMJiaraTcnbHbie: KpaxKne m ndnHbie (})6pMbi
CpaBHMTenbHafl CTencHb npMjiaraTcnbHbix m HapcHMM
npeBOCxdflHafi cxencHb npMnaraxeiibHbix m napeMMM

Kyjibiypa
MMCHa, Koxdpbie 3Haiox Bce pyccKMe: <Z>. M. Twmuee

0636pHbie saAaHkiH
CxpyKxypa npeflnojKeHMH
Pa3roB6p
riMCbMO
HxcHiie

doecmu nHntbdecnm deenmb 259

fl3MK B :aCH3HH

10-1 IIiicbMd OT KaxuHoii MaMbi. Bbicrpo npOMMxaiiTe nwcbMO h oxBeTbxe Ha Bonpocbi.

1 . Korxia npn.iexaex KaxMHa NiaNia?

2. KaKaa nordna b Poccmm?

3. Ha Hxo >KajiyexcH KaxiiHa MaMa?

KaxeHbKa!
Tenepb. HaKOHCU. a yBepcHa. hxo cMory npMnexexb b dpeBpsme. 51 yyinQ

nocdnbcxBC n no.iyHHJia BH3y. Kaxaa y sac nordna? KaKyio

Sbi.ia B

oae^cny Haao bsaxb c coddH? Y Hac xd.xonHO, Hnex cner, Ka>Kabin ncHb
MiiHyc 15-20 rpaaycoB Mopd3a. Tbi 3Haemb. KaK npiixdanxca oneBaxbca:
uiyda, canorM. xen.ibiii n.iaxdK. Ho y Bac. HaBepHoe, He xaK xd.iojHO? 3a
3nMy nonpaBH.iacb, m mhc npdcxo Henero HOCMXb — naao Kyniixb ndByio
ofle:»cay. HyMiue npnBe3XH c coddn mhm Kynnxb y Bac?
UenyK). MaMa

10-2 Hhmmh cioeaMii. HpoMnxafixe oHCbMO eme pa3 h naiuHxe pyccKne 3KBnBa.ieHXbi.

1. What's your weather like? 4. I've gained weight.

2. It's snowing. 5. I have nothing to wear.
3. You know how we have to dress. 6. I need new clothes.

MaMOMKa!
51 xaK CMacx.iUBa. hxo xbi npH.iexaeuib. JlyNiaio. mxo y nac ne xax xdnonHO,
KaK y Bac. ho h hc dnenb xenjid. Mnex jio«;flb m Bexpeno, noaxoviy nyMuie
Bcerd B3«xb xennbiM n.iaiu. canorn m 3ohx. 51 odbiMHo Homy 6pK)KM,
KpoccoBKM. CBiixep M xen.iyK) KypxKy. TeNinepaxypa 40-50 rpanycoB no
OapeHrelixy. 3xo npiisiepHo n.iroc 5-10° no Ue.ibCMK). Ho Macxo ayex
CH.ibHbiH Bexep. M Bd3flyx xo.idnHbiM H cbipdii. Tbi Bceraa roBopiiuib, mxo
xbi nonpa'BH.nacb, a Ha caMOM nene Bceraa Bbi'rnjtflMiub npeKpacno.
Md:*;eLiibHMMerd He noKynaxb. CeiiMac y nac Sojibiune pacnpoaa^^n. m mm
cMd:*;eM Kynuxb Bce. mxo xe5e nyjKHo. ropa3ao neuicB.ne, qeM b Poccmm. ^
xaK pana. mxo mw c xoddii. HaKOHeu. yBMjiMMCfl! JXo BcxpcMH.

Ue.ivK). Kaxa

260 daecmu mecmbdecAm FjiaGd 10

10-3 MHbiMM cjiOBaiMM. KaK cKa3aTb no-pyccKM?

1. It"s not as cold here as in Moscow. 5. The temperature is 40° F.

2. We are having cold weather. 6. It's windy.

3. I wear pants, tennis shoes and a warm jacket. 7. The air is cold and damp.
4. The temperature is +10° C. 8. I'm glad we'll see each other soon.

1. EcTb HecKonbKO cndcoSoB CKasart no-pyccKM to wear, to he dressed:

• HOCHTb + MTO?
Oh Bcerfla hocmt apKMii rajicTyx. He always wears loud ties.

•
XOJHTb +B HCM?
JHoMa OHa o6biMHO xojjmt b cxapbix She usually wears old jeans and a sweater
flJKMHCaX M CBMxepe. when she is at home.
•
SblTb OHeTblM + 80 HTO?

Ona 6bijia ojieTa b 5eiibiM koctkSm. She was wearing a white suit.

• Ha HCii/Ha HeM
Ha Heii 6buiM HOBbie ly^nm. She was wearing new shoes.
•
5bITb + B MCM?

Oh 5bi.[i B ciiHeii KvpTKe. He was wearing a blue sports jacket.

CeroaHH ona b KpacHOM njiaxbc. She is wearing a red dress today.

2. KaK CKaaaTb no-pyccKM to put on, to get dressed, to take off, to change clothes:
•
HaflCBaTb/HaaeTb + hto? - to put on
51 ceroflHa najjCHy Genyio pySauiKy. I'll wear (put on) my white shirt today.
Mne HCHero Haaexb. I don't have anything to wear (put on).

•
CHMMaxb/cHHTb + MTo? - to take off

Chhmm m.iflny. B uepKOBb Henb3a lake off your hat. You can t wear
BxonHTb B lunane. a nat in cnwcn.
•
OfleBaTb/ojieTb Kord? - to dress someone

Maxb oflCJia peoenKa. Mother dressed her baby.

•
OfleBaTbCfl/oaeTbCH - to get dressed, to dress

noMCMy Tbi Bcerfla xax fldnro ojieBaeuibCH? Why do you always take so long to get
dressed?
•
pasjieBaxbCfl/pasaeTbCfl - to get undressed

TbicoBccM 6onbHa. PasaeBaiicfl m jio>KMCb. You look quite sick. Undress and go to bed.

CnacMdo, mxo Bbi nprnujiw. PasaeBaiiTecb, It's good of you to come. Take off your
npoxoflMxe. coat and come in.
•
nepeoncBaTbCfl/ nepeoaeTbca - to change clothing
51 ceiiMac nepeoaeHvcb, ii Md:*ceM muxh. I'll change quickly and we can go.

Upupoda u Mbi doecmu uiecmbdecHm oduH 261

1 . 3to CBCTJiaHa. Ona hocht n.iam, Korna muct flo«;flb. Ceilnac ona b nname.

2. 3to Humiaii nerpdeiiM. Oh

3. 3to Cepe>Ka. Oh

4. 3to HaTaiua. Ona

10-5 Cae-iaiire comcok 03e»:abi, Kordpyio bbi oSumho hocmtc.

10-6 ^aiixe cobct. nocoBeryMTe apyry/noapyre. KOTopbie ne inaiOT. hto naaeTb. htoow
1. xoai'iTb Ha laHHTHfl. 3. noiiTM na dnepy, b reaxp. 5. oomtm b rdcxM.
2. noiiTH B uepKOBb. 4. noiiTH b noxda. 6. noiiTM b aopordii pecTOpan.

10-7 vKypHa.i Moa {fashion). You are preparing an article for a Russian fashion magazine
about what people in America wear in different weather.

1. Mto .iKSaii HdcflT Ha paddry? 3. KaK oaesaiOTCfl cryaeHTbi b yHHBepciiTere?

2. Mto HdcflT 3iiMdH/.ieT0M? 4. OaesaioTCfl ni\ Nindnie aroan no sidae?

CTHXiiiiHbie 6ejCTBii$i

— KaKan nordaa!
yjKacHafl
— ZloAab KaK M3 eeapa.
.ibCT it's pouring. It's raining cats and dogs.
— KonewHO. aymiie.
b Ka.iiicJ)dpHUM ^Kiixb
— B Kaau4)dpHiin Bceraa nan nojKapbi BeMaerpflceHMe. iiaii
— B Texace HaBoaHeHiiJi!
— Bo Oaopiiae caiiuiKOM Baa>KHo!
— Ha CpeaHCM 3anaae yparawbi.
—B codamiii xdaoa!
Ciidupii
— A MocKBe 3nMdM aaKaa caaKOTb!
B
— Hy H HTo! Ko BceMy MdiKHo npiiBbiKHyTb.

262 doecmu luecmbdecHm doa Fjiaed 10

10-8 IIhumii cioeaMii. Kax cKasaxb no-pyccKii?

1 . It is raining cats and dogs. 5. There will be a hurricane.

2. There was an earthquake. 6. One can get used to an\ihing.
3. There w as a flood. 7. It's lerriblv cold.
4. There was a fire.

10-9 noroBopiiM ce6€. CnpocHxe apyr apyra.

1. Fae Bbi jKU.in b aejCTBe? B KaKOM uiraTe? B KaKoil crpaHe?

2. KaKoii TaM obi.i K.iHMaT?
3. BbiBa.iii nil Tasi KaKiie-HnSyab cnixHHHbie 6eacTBiisi ?
4. B KaKOM K-iiiMaxe bw xotc-ih 5bi xiin>?
5. Basi ipyaHo npnBbiKarb k HOBosiy K-iMMaxy. h.iii KniisiaT ne iirpaer xia sac pd.iM?

10-10 Fae nordja .ivMine? Fje nordaa xy*e? CpasHiiTe norday b paiHux Niecrax.

Discuss which state or part of the world has the best or worst climate. Compare climates in
various parts of the country or other countries. Everyone should contribute some information.

10-11 IlepeBdaMiiK, Bu paSdraere nepeBdannKOM b nocd.ibCTBe b Mockbc. FlepeBeaHTe

Ha aHmmicKHii h3wk ase sa.MeTKii ii3 pyccKoii raiCTw «MocKdBCKne HdBocTH», ceHTfldpb 1993 r.

ripduj/iaR Hefle/ifl
^ 6bina MMM Coraxa.

npoM30ujnd b 250 KunoMerpax

oro-BOCTdMHee neTponaBnoBCKa-
KaMMaTCKoro. >KepTB m paapymeHUM Her.
Hyjb 6djiee ckinbHoe aeMnexpnceHne b 5-6
dannoB npoM30iu/id na rpankiue
TaflMMKucTaHa m A^jraHncraHa b flByxcxax
KunoMeipax ot flymaHde.

10-12 Bonpdc a.iJi o6cy>KaeHiia: B.iiifleT (influence) .in K.iH.\iaT Ha ^H3Hb .noaeii. na hx xapaKTep?

Upupoda u Mbi deecmu luecnibdecfim mpu 263

KaK H 3aMep3/jia!

— ^TO To6oii? Mto xaK

c Tbi Apo:«Miiib?
— mom, kqk 3aMep3/na!
Bd:»ce h
— Ho ceroflHa cdpoK rpaflycoB.
— A no nporH63y Gynex eme xennee.
— He noHMMaK), hxo 3HaMMX 40 rpaaycoB no OapenreMxy.
51

— 3x0 npMMepHO nnioc naxb no lJ,enbCMK).

— He noMeMy Mep3Hy.
3Haio. a
— Mdxex cerdflHH donee BniynHO, neM oOwmho.
6bixb,
— sadoneeaio.
]/[nu 91

— BMepa xaK npOMdK/na

Tbi nojx noTKjieM.
— Heea^KHO Bhirnajimub.
JUa, xbi
— Boracb, Mxo y MeH3 xeMnepaxypa.
10-13 HHblMM CJIOBaMH. HXO 3XO 3HaHMX?

1. 51 3aMep3/jia. 3. 51 npoMdK/na. 5. Tbi HeBa:«:HO BbirnsiflMuib.

2. CerdflHa BnaxHo. 4. 51 sadojieBaio. 6. Y mchA xeMnepaxypa.

10-14 npoFHOB noroflbi. OpwHecMxe b Knacc npornds nordflbi m3 MecxHoii rasexbi m

od-bJiCHMxe no-pyccKM, KaKaa dyaex nordaa.

KaxH 3a6ojiejia

— Hy Mxd, KaK qyBCXByeiiib?

xbi cedfl
— FojiOBa dojiMX M nacMopK.
—A He 6ojimx?
rdpjio MupKOBoe mov rompM-.
— TpynHO Abimaxb m ddjibHO rnoxaxb.
— HOMb Kamnana m
Tbi BCK) Muxajia. SHemoKOHOMMMecKana^^^
— HasepHoe, npocxyAHJiacb.
— Mjim 3apa3MJiacb.
— FoBopax. anMfleMMJi rpnnna.
ceiiMac
— Himerd cxpauiHoro. Haflo ncMb nocxejib m b
npMHflXb JieKapcxBO.
— H cderaio anxexy 3a acnnpnHOM.
Jlo:>KMCb. b
— M eme BHxaMWHbi m anenbCHHOBbin cok.
Kynii
— Md:*cex xede nonxn k Bpawy?
dbixb,
— HoKa He cxoMX. HCMHoro.
Hoflo^^fly
— MXO
HafleK)Cb, CKdpo nonpaBiiuibCH.
xbi
— ysepeHa. mxo bcc
51 necKOJibKO hhqU.
npoiijiex 3a
«BeMepHflR MocKBa>
1990

riocTapaiiTecb hc 3a6wTb!

5! nndxo ce6R MVBCTByio. / don '

[ feel well.
51 MvecTByio, mxo dyaex flo>Kflb, I feel rain coniins on.

Use the reflexive pronoun ce6fl with MyBCTBoeaxb to indicate "how you feel.'" Do
not use the pronoun ceSw when indicating thatyou "feel or sense" something.

264 daecmu mecnibdecAm uembipe Fjiaed 10

10-15 IlHbiMii cioeaMii. KaK CKaiaxb no-pyccKM?
1 . I have a headache. 6. Ihave a head cold.
2. You sneeze all the time. 7. You coughed all night.
3. It's difficult to breathe. 8. It hurts to swallow.
4. You have to take a medication. 9. Til go to the drugstore.
5. You have to see a doctor. 10. I'll wait a couple of days.

Kcmdmu
1. nonpaB.i«Tbca nonpaBiiTbca HMeex aea BHaMeHiia:
a. to ^er herrer

9{ nonpaBii.icH/nonpaBii.iacb. I'm henerjl've gotten better.

b. to gain weight
51 nonpaBii.iOL nonpaBii.iacb. I've put on some weight,
(ant.) H noxyje-i/a. I've lost (some) weight.

2. BbnaopaB.iiiBaTb BbnaopoBeTb iiMeer TO-ibKo o^ho 3HaMeHne:

to get better, to regain one's health

Si \M.€ BbnaopoBe.T/a. I'm better

B0Jie3HM

anrMHa - sore throat Kopb (f.) - the measles

5pOHXMT - bronchitis paK - cancer
BexpflHKa - chickenpox CBHHKa - the mumps
rpHnn - the flu CHWJX (cHHapoM npHoopexeHHoro
MHcy.HbT - stroke HMMyHoae4)HUHxa) - .AIDS
HHcJjapKT - heart attack x\'6epKyire3 - tuberculosis

KaK Mu roBopHM o 6o.ie3HJix.

y Herd/Hee paK. Helshe has cancer.

On/oHa 3a6o-ie.i/a paKOM. He!she came down with cancer.
On/oHa 6ojie.i/a rpHimoM He! she had the flu.
OH/oHa 66-ieH/6o.ibHa paKOM. He/she has cancer
OH/oHa vMep/.ia ot paKa. Helshe died of cancer.
Erd/ee .lenax ox paKa. Helshe is being treated for cancer.
Erd/ee Bbi.ieMMnH. Helshe was cured.
EMv/eM 3e.ia.TH onepaunio. Helshe had surgery.
EMv/eH ne.ia-iH/cae.ia-iH vko.i. Helshe was given a shot.
npMBHBKv ox Kopn.
E.Mv'/eH ciie.ia.iH Helshe had a measles shot.
On/oHa npHHHMaex anxHSHOxiiKH Helshe takes antibiotics for his/her
ox aHrHHbi. sore throat.

Upupoda u Mhi dee emu luecmbdecAm numb 265

10-16 BoT xaKaa ciiTyamiH. CKaiacMxe bccm, hto y eac Sojtmt m noMCMy.

06pa3eu: 9{ snepa secb ncHb y6Mpaji/a row. Tenepb y wtwi Sojiax pvKM m hofm.

1. Bbi cime.iH 3a KOMnbroxepoM. 6. Bbi vyjiinw non nojKaeM.

2. Bbi fldiro cMoxpe.iH na cdiHue. 7. Bbi eecb aenb iirpaaM b xchhuc.
3. Bbi noccopMiiMCb c 6j1M3kmm npyroM. 8. Bbino OMCHb BexpcHO, Korzia Bbi SeranM.
4. Bbi oweHb ycxajTM. 9. Bbi cx.enM cnnuiKOM mhofo xdpxa.
5. Bbi MyBcxByexe, mxo 3a6ojieBaexe. 10. BaM 5dnbH0 rnoxaxb.

10-17 Box xaKaH ciixyami«. Pa3birpaMxe.

1 . You are not feeling well. You call a friend to complain only to find out that he/she, too, is sick.
It must be the flu that is going around.

2. Your roommate does not look well. Ask him/her how he/she is feeling and offer some advice
and help.

266 deecmu uiecnthdecnm uiecnib Fjiaed 10

rOBOPHTE nPABHJIbHO!

HMCHa npH.iaraTcibHbie: nonHbie h KpaxKHe (t)6pMbi

• Russian adjectives have a long form that agrees with the noun it qualifies in gender,
number, and case.

y Herd/Hee noNia 6o.ibH6if peSenoK. HelShe has a sick child at home.

3to 6bi.i OT.iHMHbiii KOHuepT. The concert w as excellent.

• Many adjectives also have a short form that is used in the predicate of a sentence.
Short-form adjectives agree with their subject in gender and number.

3to NiecTO BaHflTO. This seat is occupied/taken.

Bbi yyKe roTOBbi? Are you ready yet?
Oh Sbin 66.ieH. He was ill.
Ona 5bi.ia So.ibHa. She w as ill.

• An adjective in the predicate of a sentence that refers back to the subject is called
a predicate adjective.

Erd jieKUMH OMCHb CKVHHbie. His lectures are very boring.

riorona BMcpa Sbi.ia yjKacHaji. The w eather w as terrible yesterday.
3Ta mauKa Hoeaa? Is that hat new ?

• Both short forms of adjectives and long forms of adjectives are used as predicate adjectives.

Moil 6paT 5bi.i So.ieH. My brother was sick.

3th MecTa ceoSdaHbi. These seats aren't taken.
JleKUiiH dbi.ia iiHTepecHafl. The lecture was interesting.

• Only long forms of adjectives are used to modify nouns.

y Hnx aoNia dcibHoii pedenoK. They have a sick child at home.

TaM ecTb rpii ceoddaHbix Mecxa. There are three vacant seats over there.

• The following short-form predicate adjectives are commonly used. Remember that in
Russian the present tense of dbiTb is not expressed.

*
ddncH dojibHa dOJlbHbl
3jiopdB iiiopOBa saopoBbi

MapK dbi.i SojiCH, HO xenepb oh cobccm sjopde. Mark was ill. but now he's completely well.

Tlpupoda u Mhi deecmii luecnibdecHm ce.Mb 267

 INHI
npae npaea npaBbi
He npae He npasa He npaBbi
I.

— H npaea, a tbi ne npae, — cKasana ona. "I'm right and you're wrong," she said.

ronoflCH rojioflHa rOJTOflHbl

CbIT CblTa CHXbl

— 51 rojiOflCH (rojiOAHa), noMflCM e cTOJioByio. "I'm hungry. Let's go to the cafeteria.

— XoTMxe xopxa? eiue "Would you like some more cake?"
— Hex, cnacM6o, a yy^e Cbix/a. "No thanks, I'm full already."

CBoSdaen CBo66flHa CBOSdflHbl

SdHJIX 3aHsixd 3dH5IXbI
^ull

— Bbi cewMac ceoSoaHW? "Are you free right now?"

— Hex, ao Beqepa.
a 6yjxy aaHflx/a "No, I'm going to be busy until evening."
Bee Mecxa 5biiiM sanflTbi. Every seat was taken.

cqacTJiMBa CqaCTJIMBbI

HaAeiocb, mxo xenepb ohm CMacTjiiiBbi. / hope they're happy (content) now.

yBcpcH yBepena yBepeHbi

Ona yeepena, mxo Bceraa npaea. She' s sure she's always right.

JKHBa JKMBbI

Erd npa6a5yiiiKa eiue >KMea. His great-grandmother is still living.

268 doecmu luecntbdecAm eoceMb Fjiaod 10

• Some short-form adjectives have an understood or explicit grammatical complement,
i.e. a word or phrase that completes or adds to the meaning of another word:

Ona 6o.ibHa rprinnoM. She's sick with the flu.

Mbi He roTOBbi k 3K3aMeHy, We're not ready for our exam.
MapK flo.iyKeH paSoxaxb eenepoM. Mark has to work tonight.

Snaronapen Sjiaroflapna SnaroflapHbi + KOMy59

Mbi BBM TaK^ 6.iaro;iapHbi. We're so grateful to you.

^ OMCHb Bavi 5.iarojapeH/6narojapHa. Thanks a lot (I'm very thankful/ grateful ).

rOTOB roToea roTOBbi + K Me My/

noflo:iKaMTe. a erne He roTOB/a. Wait a minute. I'm not ready yet!

noMCMy Bbi He roTOBbi K 3K3aMeHy? Why aren't you ready for your exam?

flOBOnCH flOBOJIbHa flOBOJlbHbl + KCM/neM?

Mbi dqcHb aoBo.ibHbi ^KibHbio 3necb. We're very happy (satisfied) with our life here.

flOJIXCH jloj7:«:Ha m^'^^hi + hh4)hhhthb

Mbi Bce aon:«;Hbi noMoraTb npyr apyry. We must all help each other

+ na kom? {of a man)

:«;eHaT
^enaTbi (of two people)

Oh eme ne jKeHax. He' s not married yet.

Moil 5paT jKeHax wa HCviKe. My brother' s married to a German woman.
CKo.ibKo BpeNieHii oHii ^KeHaxbi? How long have they been married?

^ Remember that ran and Kan are used with short-form adjectives.

Tlpupdda u mm deecmu laecmbdecAm deenmb 269

 Hy»;eH Hy«:Ha Hy:«;HO Hy:«:HU + KOMy?

He yHOCH 3tm khufh. Ohm mhc HVJKHbi. Don't remove those books. I need them.
^To eiue BaM HViKHO? What else do you need?

noxdiK noxdiKa nox6:5KH + na Koro?

KaTH oneHb noxd^a Ha MaTb. Katya looks a lot like her mother.

pan
paaa + infinitive'

pa^bi + KOMy/MCMy?
This adjective does not have a long form.

^ dncHb paa/pajia eac BMnexb. I'm \ ery glad to see you.

Mbi panbi 3TO cnbimaTb. We happy to hear that.
re
HeMv Bbi xaK panbi? What are you so happy about?

cepflHT cepaMxa cepuMTu

30.n 3.ia 3.nbi + na KordAiTO?

noMCMy KaxH cepniiTa wa tcSh? Why is Katya angry with you?

rioMeMy Tbi TaK 30Ji/3Jia na mchm? Why are you so mad at me?

corjiaccH corjiacna conacHbi + c KeM/qew?

Mbi c BaMH cor.iacHbi. We agree w ith you.

Ona corjiacHa? Does she agree?

10-18 HainycTb. Bbiymije HawsycTb nepeyio cxpoKy m3 poMana Jlbea Toncxdro «AHHa
KapeHMHa»:

Bee CMacTjiMBbie ccMbH noxd>KM npyr Ha jtpyra, Ka;«nasi HecqacTHMBaa ceMba HecnacTjiMBa
no-cedeMy.

270 doe emu ceMbdecMtn Fjiaed 10

 .

10 -19 IIpoBepbTe ceSfl. KaK cKasaxb no-pyccKM?

1
1 He is sick. She is sick. 6. nc IS iidppy. one is ricippy.
9 He had to work. She had to work. 7. oc IS rigni. one is rigni,
^ He was hungry. She was hungry.
. lie will
8. I-Tp will hp IICC ^hp
Ut. frpp will hp frpp
k311C will IICC
4 He is busy. She is busy. T-fp will
9. lit hp h^^nT^v
'"^KK Y"
1
Shp
'JUv/ will
will hp
Lyt h^^nnv
IICIL/IJ y.

5. He does not agree. She does not agree. 10. He is angry. She is angry.

10-20 CKajKMTC jipyry. Bbi xoxHTe cKaaarb no-pyccKH, mto...

1. you had the flu last week, but now you're completely recovered.
2. you're positive he/she is wrong.
3. you'll be ready in 15 minutes.
4. you're going to the cafeteria because you're hungry.
5. you're positive you failed your chemistry exam.
6. you're not sure you'll pass your next Russian test.

7. you're busy tonight, but you'll be free tomorrow night.

8. you were so sick that you had to go see a doctor.
9. you're happy to hear that he/she got his/her driver's license.
10. you sister lives in Australia and she's very happy there.
11. you must study tonight, because you have a big physics exam tomorrow.
12. you don't agree with him/her.
13. he/she looks a lot like his/her sister.

10-21 PaccKaiKMTe Bceivi. JUaiiTe KaK mo^cho Sonbine npMMMH.

1. Bbi cerdflHJi flOBOnbHbi. 5. Bbi cerdnHfl cepnMTbi.

2. Bbi Bcerua npaebi. 6. Bbi pajibi.

3. Bbi 5.iaronapHbi KONiy-To. 7. Bbi ao.i^Hbi yxoziiiTb.

4. Bbi CHacTHMBbi. 8. Bbi saHaxbi.

Short-form predicate adjectives are used to indicate that articles of clothing are too big or
too small for someone.

— 3to nanbTo cmamt na MHe njidxo. "This coat doesn't fit me."
— OHO Te6e bciuko.
jUa, "Right, it's too big for you."

The adjectives 6oabiudii and MajieHbKMH have the special short forms BejiuK and Maji.

on the on the
large side small side
Be.iMK Man
BeniiKa Ma.na
Be.iiiKd Mano
eeniiKH Manu
nanbTO MHe Majid, a manxa MHe eejiHKa. The (over)coat is too small for me, and
the hat is too big.

Ilpupoda u Mbi deecmu ceMbdecnm oduH 271

 miipoK miipoKa iiiHpOKO miipoKM
y30K y3Ka ysKO ysKM

3x3 KypxKa mhc miipoKa. a xa vine This jacket is too big for me. and that
y3Ka B n.ieqax. one's too narrow in the shoulders.

flJIHHeH ilMHHa flnilHHO fljlHHHbl

KOpOXOK KOpOXKa KOpOXKO KOpOXKM

3xa iiiySa Te6e fljiiiHHa. a xa KopoTKa. This fur coat is too long for you. and that
one's too short.
A 3xa fly6jieHKa xe6e Kan pas. But this sheepskin coat is just right for you.

10-22 PaccKamiiTe 06 3tmx jiidfl»x.

1. 3x0 Bo.iojH. 3x11 6pk5kji 2. 3x0 Haxama. 3xn 5pk5kii en 2. 3xo Cepe>Ka. 3xii 5pk5km

CNiy CMy

KopomKO

Short form adjectives agree w ith gender or number. Those used with
their subject in
mascuHne subjects have no ending, those used with neuter subjects end in -o. those used
with feminine subjects end in -a, and those used with plural subjects end in -bi/-M.

Masculine Neuter Feminine Plural

HyjKeH Hy»[HO Hyxna ny^cHbi
CBo56aeH CBoSdnno CBo6daHa CBoGonHbi
M3BecxeH M3BeCXH0 I13BeCXHa I13BeCXHbI
BejlMK eejiiiKO BejiHKa BejiiiKii
Man Mano Man^ Majiu

If the stem ends in more than one consonant, the masculine form usually contains an
inserted vowel. See rules for vowel insertion in genitive plural discussion, pp. 114-15.

Use a neuter short form for predicate adjectives referring to Bce or 3to.
3x0 OMCHb Ba>KHO. That' s extremely important.
Bce 3X0 xaK rjiyno! This is all so stupid!
Mbi KyniLiii Bce, mxo hv^ho. We bought everything we need.
Some adjectives can have a different nuance of meaning when the short form is used in
the predicate.
6ojibH6u - sickly, not healthy Owa oo.ibHoft MejiOBeK.
npaBbiii - right (as opposed to left) MaraiiiH Ha npaBOii cxopone yjinuw.
c^i'dCT.niBhiii - lucky, fortunate Tbi CMacx.iHBbin mciobck!

272 deecmu ceMbdecnm dea Fjiaed 10

 CpaBHHxejibHaii creneHb npHJiaraxejibHbix h HapeHHH

Most Russian adjectives and adverbs have two comparative forms: simple comparative
and compound comparative.

Simple comparative Compound comparative

3Ta KHMra MHTcpecHee. 3Ta KHMra 66jiee iiHTepecHa».
This book is more interesting. This book more interesting.
is

3x0 MHTepecnaH KHwra.

Sojiee
This is a more interesting hook.
flaMxe Mue Sojiee MHTepecHyio KHwry.
Give me a more interesting book.

3Ta paSoTa jierne. 3x3 paSdxa Sojiee jierKaa.

This work is easier This work is easier
3x0 56jiee jierKBH paSdxa.
This is easier work.
jUaMxe HaM Sojiee jierKyio paSdxy.
Give us easier work.

ndcne aeapMH Kaxa boamt MamwHy ridcjie aeapMM Kaxa ednux MauiwHy Sojiee
ocTopdiKHee. OCTOpd^HO.
Katya drives more carefully after Katya drives more carefully after her accident.
her accident.

06paTHTe BHHiviaHHe!

Negative comparison is expressed by a compound form with the comparative

word MCHce.

B ceMb HacdB mhc MCHee yuo^no. Seven o'clock is less convenient for me.

• Simple comparative adjectives do not agree with their subjects in gender or number.
Compound comparative adjectives agree with the noun they qualify in gender, number,
and case, but the comparative word 6djiee (or Menee) does not change form. Both
simple comparatives and compound comparatives are used as predicate adjectives.

Ee paddxa 66jiee iiHTepecHaa. Her paper is more interesting.

Ee paddxa MHTcpecHce.
3xox pecxopaH flopd^e. This restaurant is more expensive.
3xox pecxopaH ddjiee aopordii.

Ilpupoda UMbi deecmu ceMbdecnm mpu 273

 Only compound comparative adjective forms are used to modify nouns.

Bojiee aoporue pecxopaHbi naxonsiTca The more expensive restaurants

B ueHTpe. are downtown.
B 3T0T pa3 OHa HanMcajia This time she wrote a more
Sojiee iiHTepecHyio paSdxy. interesting paper.

10-23 CpaBHCHMe. Read the following examples. How is comparison expressed in Russian?

MapK CMMnaTMMHee TiiMa. Mark' s nicer than Tim.

MapK CMMnaTMMHee, mcm Tmm.
Teoa KBapTMpa Sojibuie HamcH. Your apartment' s larger than ours.
Tboh KBapxiipa Sojibuie, neivi Haiiia.

Tbi roBopMuib no-pyccKM Jiynuie mchh. You speak better Russian than I do.
Tbi roBOpMuib no-pyccKM jiyMuie, hcm {You speak Russian better than me.)

0dpMbi npocmou cpaeHumeAhHOu cmenenu

• Simple comparatives ending in -ee.

Most simple comparatives are formed by adding the ending -ee to the adjective stem.
The stress usually shifts to the ending. In spoken Russian, the ending -ee is often
shortened to -eii.

Long-form adjective Comparative

Sbicxpbiii Sbicxpee (dbicxpeii)
ropflMwii ropaqee
CMnbHbIM CMJlbHCe
CKopbiii cKopee
XOJldflHblM xonoflHee

Try to remember the following simple comparative forms in which the stress does not
shift to the endins.

Long-form adjective Comparative

KpaCIIBblH KpacMBee
MHXepeCHbIM MHxepecHee
MeflJieHHbiii MejineHHee
npMHXHblM npiiflXHee
cepbe3HbiM cepbe3Hee
yfld6HbiM yflddHee
yjKacHbiM yxacHee

10-24 FIpoeepbTe ce6«. OdpasyMxe cpaBHMxenbHyK) cxencHb.

flnilHUblH CMJlbHblM yMHbIM npnaxHbiM
CKdpbui cnadbiM xpyxtHbiii MHxenjiMreHXHbiM
KpaCMBbIM MeflJieHHbiM xflxejibHi CMMnaxMMHbiii
cnoKdMHbiii OCXOpdXHbIM BecenMil BaXHbIM
MMJlblM xenjibiil cxpauiHbiM rjiynbiM
CBeXMM dbicxpbiM yx;acHbiM npoxnaAHbiM

274 daecmu ceMbdecnm uembipe Fjiaed 10

 Simple comparatives ending in -e.

Some simple comparatives have forms with a stem change and a consonant alternation. You
should try to learn these forms.

Stem change: 3, r, A M
Long-form adjective Comparative
5JIM3KMH - close 6.nM:»:e suffix -K- drops out
floporoM - dear, expensive flop6:*:e
MOHOAOM - young MOJidiKe
peflKMii- rare pe}Ke suffix -K- drops out
TBepflbiM - hard TBep:*ce
HM3KMM - low HM>Ke suffix -K- drops out
ysKMM - narrow y»ce suffix -K- drops out

Stem change: T, K ^ H
Long-form adjective Comparative
5oraTbiM - rich 5oraMe
rpoMKMM - loud rpOMHC
:»capKMM - hot :«;apMe
KopoTKMii - short KOpOMe suffix -K- drops out
KpenKMM - strong Kpenqe
nerKMM - light, easy nerqe
MflrKMM - soft MflrMe

Stem change C, X UJ

Long-form adjective Comparative

BblCOKMM - tall Bbime suffix -K- drops out
cyxoM - dry cyme
TMXMM - qidet TMUie

Stem change CT ^ m
Long-form adjective Comparative
npocTOM - simple npome
ToncTbiM - stout, thick Tonme
MacTbiM - frequent name
HMCTbiM - clean MM me

Some comparative forms have unpredictable stem changes and must be memorized:

Long -form adjective Comparati ve

AaneKMM - far, distant flanbme
nemcBbiM - cheap aemcBJie
MonoflOM - young Mnaflme
ndsjiHMM - late nd3>Ke (no3jiHee)
paHHMM - early paHbme
CTapbiM - old cxapme
mnpoKMii - wide mrfpe

Tlpupoda u MM dee emu ceMbdecnm nnmb 275

 1. Use the comparative form CTapuie in c

H cxapuie 5paTa Ha xpM rdfla. I'm three years older than my

2. Use the comparative form 56jiee CTapbiii (Sojiee CTapaa, etc.) when comparing
things.
Hbio-MdpK 66jiee CTapbiii rdpoa, New York is older than St. Petersburg.
HCM CaHKT-neTep5ypr.
3. Use MJiaAme when talking about brothers and sisters, and mojiojkc in all other
cases.
Cecxpa Mjiaaine mqhA. My sister is younger than me.
My:»c MOJiome ee Ha naxb jict. Her husband is five years younger than she is

The following comparative forms are based on a different stem:

Long-form adjective Adverb Comparative

dojTbiiidii MHoro Sonbiiie
ManeHbKMM Mano MCHbiiie
xopduiMM xopoiiid nymue
nnoxoM nndxo xy»:e

nocTapaMxecb He saSwTb!

Use 66jibiiie, not JiyMuie, in comparisons witli the verbs JnoSnxb and HpasHTbCfl.

H jik)6jik5 pyccKMH aswK SoJibuie, mcm (jjpaHqyscKMM.

/ like Russian better than French.
CaHKT-neTep6ypr mhc noHpaeMJica 6ojibiue, mcm MocKBa.
/ liked St. Petersburg better than Moscow.

10-25 IlpoBepbTe ce6H. jUaiixe cpaeHMxcnbHyio cxenenb.

doraxbiM ysKMM ManeHbKMii donbiudii

flopordii fleuieebiM paHHMM cxapuiMii
npocxdii sbicdKMM hmskmm wacxbiM

10-26 Box Cepema m HiiKOJiaM ITexpoBMH. CpaenHxe.

1. Kxo M3 HMX Bbiuie pdcxoM?

2. Kxo M3 HMX HM>Ke pdcXOM?
3. Kxo M3 HMX Mo.nd:tce?
4. Kxo M3 HMX cxapme?
5. Kxo M3 HMX, no-eaiueMy, cwMnaxwMHee?
6. Kxo M3 HMX, no-BaiueMy, cepbe3Hee?

276 deecmu ceMbdecnm luecmb Fjiaed 10

10-27 Eme Jiynuie. Kax bm 3to CKaxexe no-pyccKM •

CKuyKume dpyey, umo... Omeembine dpyey, nmo...

1. someone you know is a kind person. his/her sister/brother even kinder.

is

2. someone you know is a nice person. his/her sister/brother is even nicer.

3. someone you know is a smart person. his/her sister/brother is even smarter.
4. someone you know speaks Russian very well. his/her sister/brother speaks Russian even better.

Expressing just as.., as/not as.. .as with adjectives

JTero B Cm6mpm xaKoe >Ke Tennoe, Kan b Mockbc.

Summer in Siberia is just as warm as in Moscow.
3MMa B MocKBe He TEKaa xondflHaa, KaK b CmSmpm.
Winter in Moscow is not as cold as in Siberia.

Remember to use TaKoii (xaKoe, TaKan, xaKMe) before long-form adjectives.

10-28 CpaBHMTe. CocTaBbxe npefliio:»:eHM5i.

Odpaseu: PyccKwii hiuk hc TaKOM nerKMM, KaK McnancKMH.

PyccKMii )i3biK TpyflHce McnaHCKoro. hhm
PyccKMM fl3biK Tpy;;Hee, hcm McnaHCKHM.

1. reorpa4)Mfl He xaKoM MHxepecHbiM npeflMex, KaK McxdpMH.

2. 3xox ceMecxp ne xaKOM xpyflHuM, KaK occkhmm ccMecxp.
3. Co5aKM He xaKwe yMHbie, KaK koiukm.
4. Pa66xa Bpaqa ne xaKaji xH:»cenafl, KaK pa66xa yHMxejia.
5. JlexoM He xaK xdnoflHO, KaK 3mm6m.

Expressing just as. ..as/not as.. .as with adverbs

JlexoM B CmSmpm xaK jkc xenno, KaK b Mockbc.

It's just warm in Siberia in the summer as it is in Moscow.
as
3MMdM MoCKBe He TaK xdjIOflHO, KaK B CwdMpM.
B
In the winter it's not as cold in Moscow as it is in Siberia.

10-29 CpaBHMTe. CKa:«;Hxe,Mxo bbi ayiviaexe?

06pa3eu: nrpaxb na poane/nexb (xpyflHo) ^

a flyiviaK), HTO Mrpaxb na poajie xaK ^kc xpyflHO, KaK nexb.
Mne KajKCxcfl, nrpaxb na poajie He xaK xpy^HO, KaK nexb.

1. roBopMXb no-pyccKw/roBOpMXb no-aHrjiMMCKM (nerKd)

2. AjTHCKa/CMdMpb/MocKBa/OjiopMxta (xdnojiHo)
3. y^WYh B o6me«MXMM/cHiiMaxb KBapxwpy (fldporo)
4. MeKCMKa/Kanafla/Hbio-MdpK (:acapKo)
5. o5me:«;MXMe/5M6jiMOxeKa/AdMa (xmxo)
6. Jiec /rdpoa/nycxbiHH (myMHo)
7. exaxb no mocce/exaxb no rdpofly (dbicxpo)

Ilpupoda u Mbi deecmu ceMbdecnm ccMb 277

 Expressing as... as possible

CflenaiiTe iry paSoxy khk m6>kho nymue.

Do this work as well as possible. (Do this work as well as you can.)
ripMflMTe KaK MO^HO CKopew!
Come over as quickly as possible. (Come over as quick as you can.)

10-30 npoBepbxe ce6A. CKa:«;MTe no-pyccKM.

1. as soon as possible 6. as cheap as possible
2. as expensive as possible 7. as early as possible
3. as late as possible 8. the best possible way
4. as fast as possible 9. as close as possible
5. as far as possible 10. as long as possible

10-31 Box xaKafl CMxyauMH.

^^ Pasbirpaftxe.

Ask your friend to call you as soon as possible. Explain why.

Ask a waiter in a restaurant to bring you some very cold water.
Call a friend and ask him/her to come over as quickly as possible. Explain why.
You need to get a good grade, so you have decided to make your term paper as good as
possible.
You want to give your friend a funny gift (cmciiihom nojiapoK). You are looking for some-
thing really silly.

6. You don't have much money, so you need to buy very inexpensive clothes.
7. You are buying a gift for someone special, and you want to fmd the most expensive gift
you can afford.
8. Tomorrow you have to be at school as early as possible. How early will you get there?
9. You have invited some friends over, but you have to study. Ask them to come as late as
possible. How late will it be?
10. Your parents are coming to visit, so you want to clean your room really well.
11. Ask a friend to write as soon as possible.
12. Your professor can't hear very well. Advise your classmates to speak loudly.

Expressing much more, much better

Use ropaino and comparative degree of an adjective.

M ropa3flO Sojibuie nioGnvS Sajiex, mcm dnepy. / like ballet much more than opera.
Oua ropasao cxapuie, ^eM ee My>K. She is much older than her husband.
Oh ropaaao cepbeinee, mcm KaxexcH. He is much more serious than he seems.
3xox (J)HJibM ropa3jio Jiymue, mcm BMepamHHH. This movie is much better than the one
we saw yesterday.

10-32 ripoBepbxe ceSfl. YnoxpeSMTe ropasflo.

Odpaseu: yMHbiil m ropaano yMHee

xopoiuMM n.noxoM HOBbIM floporoM aajicKo n03flH0

AeuieewM 6lIM3KO rpOMKMM Macxo pano CKyqHO

278 daecmu ceMtdecnm ooceMb Fjiaed 10

10-33 ropa3no Jiyniiie... CpaBHHxe.

06pa3iibi: Thm xopoiiio roBopMX no-pyccKM, a MapK ^

Tmm xopoiiid roBopMT no-pyccKM, a MapK roBopiix ropasjjo Jiynuie.

1 . 51 TKWBy aa.ieKO ot yHMeepciiTeTa. a Kaxa

2. ^ Bceraa ecxaK) paHo. a Cama

3. PyccKMM a3biK OMCHb TpynHbiii, a MeiiJCKMn_

4. FoBopflT, HTO OH oMCHb yMHbiM, a ero cecxpa.

5. MapK MacTo SeraeT, a Kaxa

6. y MapKa MaiiiiiHa Hdeaa, a y HaxaiuM

7. BMCpa a npuuien/npHuina aomom ndsnHo. a Tbi

8. JlcTOM BO OnopMfle JKapKO, a b ApMBOHe

9. 3nMdH B MocKBe xdnoflHO. a b CMdnpii

10. CerdaHfl Ha codpaHMM dbino Mano cxyaeHTOB, a BMepa

10-34 Alaiixe cobct. noMorMxe npyry peiiiHTb. mto nejiaxb.

Odpaseu: Your friend asks your advice which dress she should wear, blue or green.
— KaKde nnaxbe mhc naaexb, cuHee seneHoe? m hjxii

— Mne ropaaao CMnee nnaxbe.

66.ibuie Hpaeiixcfl

1. Your friend wants to know which car is better, a Toyota or a Honda.

2. Your friend wants to know whether it is better to spend vacation in the desert or in the
mountains.

3. Someone asks you if you are still sick or if you feel better today.

4. A friend asks if it's always so cold (warm) here in the winter.

5. A friend asks whether you want to see a new movie or go to a concert.

KoMMeHtndpuu

Simple comparatives (i.e. Hoeee, .lerne, 6jiM>Ke, etc), are used as predicate adjectives
and do not change for gender, number, or case. The adjectives xopouiiiii, njioxdii,
MO.iOfloii. and cxapbiii. however, have special comparative forms that are used to
modify nouns.

xopoiuiiii m jivHUiiiM njioxdii » xyauiMii

Ona no.xyMH.ia Jiyniuyio (xyfluiyio) oxNiexKy, mcm h.

She got a better (worse) grade than I did.

MOJiOfldii » MJiaaiuiiif cxapbiM ^ cxapiuuM

Tbi3Haemb erd Mjianuiyio (cTapuiyio) cecxpy?
Do you know his younger (older) sister?

Upiipoda II MM deecmu ceMbdecnm deenmb

 npeB0cx6;iHa>i cieneHb npHJiaraxejibHbix h napeHHH

The superlative degree for most adjectives is formed by simply adding the appropriate form of
caMbiii (most) to the positive degree.

Positive degree Comparative degree Superlative degree

MHxepecHaa KHura 5diee iiHTepecHaa KHiira caMBH HHxepecHaH KHiira

an interesting hook a more interesting hook tlie most interesting hook

Ten.ibifi K.iHMaT 5d.iee xen.ibiM K.iiiMaT caMbiii Ten.ibiH KiiiMax

a warm climate a warmer climate the warmest climate

xondnHaji nordna 66jiee xonoHHaa noroaa caviasi xo.id;iHa« nordna

cold weather colder weather the coldest weather

CaMbiil agrees with the noun it qualifies in gender, number, and case.

Kaxfl Kynwna caMVio jeiueByio MamuHy. Katya bought the cheapest car
Mom jipyr yMwxcfl b caxiOM joporoM My friend goes to the most expensive
yHHBepcHxexe CIIIA. university in the USA.

10-35 IlpoBepbxe ceSa. Hauxe npeeocxdjiHyio cxenenb.

06pa3ei{: MOJioxtdn npo4)eccop — 3xo caMbiii Mo.iojidM npo4)eccop Ha (JjaKynbxexe.

1. KpacHBaa KapxHHa 3. ndeoe saaHwe 5. nopordii nonapoK

2. flemeeafl MamiiHa 4. xopdmnii apyr 6. yjKacHaa aeapua

10-36 CaMbiii. PacKpdnxe CKdSKM.

1. KaKdii yHiieepcnxex (oldest) e AMepMKe?

2. Mom apyr vMMXca e (oldest) vHMeepcMxexe Amcpmkm.
3. ^ XMsy B (tallest) o6me»:MXMM Hdmero yHMBepcMxexa.
4. noMeviy Ham npenoaasaxejib Bceraa 3aaaex xede (hardest) eonpdcbi?
5. Kaxe nonpaeMnacb (most expensive) MaiUHHa. ho ona Kynujia (the cheapest).
6. jHo.iMHa CMepxH^ (hottest) mccxo b CllIA.
7. H xoMy >Kiixb xaM. rue (warmest) K.iiiMax.
8. OxKyaa Bbi inaexe Moerd (best) npyra?
9. Oh M Bcerna oGeaaiox e (the best and most expensive) pecxopanax.

10-37 riporHds nordabi. npoMHxaiixe nporHd3 nordflbi eBponeiicKMX cxojtmu.

A. 1. B KaKMx ropoaax anesi dyaex caviaH BbicoKaa xevinepaxypa?

2. B KaKMx ropoaax HdMbio dyaex cdNiasi HiisKaa xesmepaxypa?
3. Fae caNiaa BbicdKaa BepoaxHocxb ao»:afl'?

E>eath Valle>

280 dGecmu GoceMbdecnm Fjiaed 10

 16-ro SHBapfl b eBponencKnx BEP.IIIH nPAFA
CTO.iimax oiKiiaaeTca: TevinepaTvpa Houbio +2 +7. jhcm Tesmepaiypa ho<u>io +3 +8. ohcm
+7+12. npeiiM>TnecTBeHHO 5e3 +8+13. npeHM\TuecTBeHHO 6e3
OCIO ocaaKOB (c BepoarHocxbio 5e3 ocaaKOB (c BepoirraocTbio 5e3
TeMnepaT>pa hombio +1 -3. aueM ocajKOB 67^ ). ocaaKOB 60^ ).

+2 +7. npeiiMymecTBeHHo 6e3 PIIM

BEHA
ocaaKOB (c BepoarHocrbio 5e3 TeviiiepaTxpa HOMbio -1 +3.
TeNinepaiApa HOMbio +2 —3. jhcm
ocaoKOB 55^ ).
aHCM +12+17. 6e3 ocaaKoe
+5+10. npenM>TnecTBeHHo 6e3
CTOKTO.lbM ocaaKOB (c BepojrraocTbio 6e3 ( C Bep05ITH0CTblD 5e3 ocaoKOB
TeNcnepaiApa HOMbio +2 +7. ocaoKOB 69^ ).
99*).
aneM +3 +8. 6e3 ocaaKoe (c A4HIHbI
BAPniABA
BepojrraocTbio 6e3 ocajKOB 739t ). Tevmepaiypa uoubio +4 +9. OHe.vi
TesinepaTypa HOMbio +1 +6. ancM
+13 +18. 6e3 ocaaKOB
XE,lbCIlHKII +5+10. npeiiM>TnecTBeHHO 6e3
(c eeposiTHocTbio 5e3 ocaaKos
TeMnepaT> pa hombio -rl —4. aHesi ocaaKOB c BepojrraocTbio 6e3
(

99*J^)-
+4. Heoonbiniie ocaiKJ! ocaaKOB 56*^ ».

( JOXJb C MOKpUM CHeroxi) CO#ilA

ByjAnEIUT TeMnepaT\-pa HOMbio -2 +2. ancM
(c eepojiTHOCTbio sbmajeHiifl
TcMnepaiApa HOMbio +5. anesi +5+10. npeiiM>TnecTBeHHo 5e3
ocaaKOB 99f5t ).
+6+11. npeiiMymecTBeHHo 6e3 ocaaKOB (c BepoHTHOcxbio 5e3
AMCTEPJAM ocaaKOB (c BepoaTHOcxbio 6e3 ocaaKOB 65*).
+5+1. aneM
Te.vinepaTApa Hoqbio ocaaKOB 55^)
+9+14. npeiiMymecTBeHHO 5e3 ''Il3BecniJi>»
BE^irPAj 15. 01. 93
ocaaKOB c BeposrrHocrbio 6e3
(

TeMnepaiypa HOHbio +2 -3. aneM

ocajKOB 59^ ).
+10+15. npeiiMvmecTBeHHO 6e3
ocaaKOB (c eepoaTHocTbio 6e3
ocaaKOB yb'^y

B. CpaBHiire TeMnepaxypu.

Odpaseu. homlio Ocno 'CTOKro.ibNf ^

HoMbK) B dc.iooyaeT xaiojHee. hcm b CTOKrd.ibMC.
HoMbK) B CTOKrd.ibMe Syaex Ten.iee. hcn! b Oc.io.

1. HOMbio Bep.iH'H/B>aanemT
HOMbio PuNf/'Be.irpaj
ane.M Co(})Hfl /npara
4. anexi A(J)HHbi BapiuaBa
5. HOHbK) AxicTepaaM/Xe-ibcuHKH

B. Fae oo.Tbiue ocaaKOB (ao>Kaa h CHcra)?

1. Xe.ibCHHKn/B\aanemT
2. Co<J)Hfl/Oc.io
3- ripara/PuM
4. BapmaBanBe.irpaa
5. -\.MCTepaaM/CTOKr6.ibM

Ilpupoda II Mbi dsecmu edceMbdecam oduH 281

 TIpUMeHdHUM

Simple comparatives and -ee have the meaning of a superlative when

in -e

followed by the pronouns Bcero and Bcex. Bcero refers to things, Bcex to
people. This is the only way of forming the superlative of adverbs.
— Herd xoTMxe Sojibuie ecero?
Bbi "What would you like to do most of all?"
— Sojibuie Bcerd xony noexaxb
51 CmSmpb.b "Most of all I'd like to go to Siberia."
Bbi roBopMxe no-pyccKM jiynuie ecex. You speak Russian better than anyone else.
Depending on context, comparative adjectives may have a superlative meaning.
OhM mom jiyMiuMii apyr. He/she's my best friend.
3to xy/jiuHH BapnaHT. This is the worst possible solution.

CaMbiM can combine with xopoumii or with the "long-form" comparative jiyHiuMM.
OH/oHa Mofi jiyMUiHH Apyr/caMbiH JiyHuiHii Apyr/caMbiii xopouiHH flpyr.
He/she' s my best friend.

The endings -eiiuiMM/-aiimMM (after hushers) are used to emphasize the meaning of an
adjective. The English equivalent of this type of adjective is usually "a most. .."or "an
extremely..."

CKyHHeiiuiiiM HejiOBCK - a most boring person, an extremely boring person

- a most interesting piece of news
MHTepecHeiiiiiafl hoboctl
- with the greatest pleasure
c BejiMHaiimMivi yAOBOJibcxBMeM
B SjiMJKaMuieM 5yflymeM - soon (in the extremely near future)

The meaning of an adjective can be further emphasized by adding the prefix Haw- to its

comparative or superlative form or by using HaM66jiee {the most) or HaMMenee

(the least) with the positive form.

Oh HaMCKyMHeiiiiiMii MenoBeK. He's a really really boring person.

3x0 HaMjiyHiuMii BapwaHX. That's the possible best way.
3x0 HaMMCHee MHTepecHbiii BapwaHX. That's the least interesting way.

These forms occur primarily in written Russian.

10-38 OScyflMxe. Mxo bbi nenaexe nyMiiie ecero? Mxo bbi hkdSmxc nenaxb Sdnbuie Bcerd?
Mxo Bbi nKSSiixe Ae.naxb MCHbiiie Bcero?
3aHMMaxbca xoihmcxbom neMb xne5 Kaxaxbca Ha Bejiocwnene
Mfpaxb Ha TMxape paSdxaxb b cany cnymaxb MysbiKy
xaHueeaxb nexb roBopMXb no-pyccKW

Mxo eme?

282 daecmu GOceMhdecnm dea Fjiaed 10

KyjibxypA

HiiieHd, KOTopbie snaioT Bce pyccKHe: 0egop ModHOOuv Twmieo (1803-1873)

no33Mfl TiOTMeea 'npuHaflne^KMi k caMbiM •3HaMMTe;ibHbiM, belongs; significant

caMbiM aaMeMarejibHbiM •C03flaHHflM pyccKoro •flyxa. works; spirit
K nossMM TiOTMeBa m6>kho nonxoflMTb c ipex pa3Hbix
•TOMeK 3peHi/in: m6>kho o6paTMTb BHUMaHne Ha Bbipa>KeHHbie points of view
B Heui Mb'icriH, m6>kho nocTapaibCfl •BbiHBHTb ee cjDMnoc6c}DCKoe reveal
•coflep>KaHMe, m6>kho, HaKOHeu, ocraHOBMibCfl Ha ee mmcto- content
•xyfl6>KecTBeHHbix •flocTonHCTBax. Co Bcex ipex TOMeK 3peHMfl, artistic; merits

no33Hfl TiOTHeBa •3acjiy>KMBaeT Be/inMaMiuero BHUMaHUH. deserves

BaAepuu Epwcoe
MocKsa. 1911.

CTHXOTBOpeHHC. OpOMHTaHTe H BbiyMHTC HaH3yCTb.

JlK)6nKD rpo3y b Hana/ie Man,

Korfla BeceHHuCi nepBbiM rpoM,
•KaK 6bi •pesBHCF! m nrpan, as if; frolicking
•FpoxoMeT B He6e ronyboM. rpoxoxaxb - to rumble, crash, roar

FpeMHT •pacKaxbi MOJioflbie! peals of thunder

BoT fl6>KflHK 'bph^Hyn, 'nbrnb neiv\i, sprinkled; dust
•rioBMCJin nepnbi flo^KfleBbie, are hanging in the air
M COJIHUe •HMTM •SOnOTMT. threads; gilds

C ropbi 6e>KMT •noioK 'npoBopHbiM, torrent; swift

B jiecy He •MonKHei niMMi/iPi 'raM, MOJiKHyxb - to fall silent; din

M raM necHOM, m iiiyM •naropHbiPi, on the hills

Bce •BTopm Beceno rpoMaM. echoes

V\z CTuxoTBopeHMfl TiOTHeBa «BeceHHfifj

rpo3a»

Tlpupoda u MM dee emu GdceMbdecnm mpu 283

0B30PHWE 3AAAHHfl
CxpyKTypa npe3Jio>KeHM»

10-39 EcjiM... SaKOHMMxe npeiiJio:«;eHM$i. JUanxe khk m6:«;ho Sojibiue eapMaHTOB.

1. EcjiM 3aBTpa SyflCT xaK >Ke xdnoflHO, KaK cerdflHfl,

2. EcjiM Tbi Syneiub ceSa nirdxo MyBCXBOBaxb,

3. EcHM y MCHa Syaex Sonexb ronoBa,

4. EcnM Bbi noMflexe b anxexy,

5. EcjiM OHa 3a6oiieex rpwnnoM,

6. EcjTM xbi He HafleHeuib xenjioe nanbxd,

7 . Echm noMflex CHer,

8. EcjiM B cydddxy Syaex onHXb nMXb aoxjib,

9. EcjiM yxpoM 6yAex cojiHue,

PairoBop

10-40 CKa^Mxe no-pyccKM, 3ajiaMxe Bonpdcbi m oxBexbxe Ha hmx.

Cnpociime dpyea Omeembme dpyey

1. if he/she has heard the forecast that it's going to snow tomorrow
2. if it is going to rain that you haven't seen the forecast
3. if he/she is afraid of an earthquake that you have never felt an earthquake
4. if he/she has warm clothes for the winter that you have to buy warm clothes
5. why he/she doesn't look well that you have a stomach ache
6. why he/she is coughing so much that you had the flu, now you are feeling better but
you have a cough
still

7. if he/she feels well that you have a headache and a sore throat
8. if he/she knows about the flu epidemic that that you've had a flu shot
is going around

10 -41 Hto Bbi OTBCTiiTe? JUawxe KaK Md:«;Ho Sdnbme BapwanxoB.

1. — He xaK xdnonHo, KaK 6bino BMepa.

CerdflHfl
2. — HeBa>KH0 BbirnjmMuib.
Tbi cerdflHfl
3. — KaKdii npoFHdi na laBxpa?
4. — KaKaa cerdjiHa xcMnepaxypa?
5. — ceSa HCBa^cHO MyBcxsyio.
51

6. — Ona xaK nndxo Hqm ona Sonbna?

BbirnaflMx.

284 doecmu GOceMbdecRm nembipe Fjiaed 10

10-42 BoT TaKan CMxyauMH. PaibirpaiiTe.

1. Your friend dresses lightly. Convince him/her to wear a warm jacket.

2. Complain about the weather and that you have a cold.

10-43 KojiJieKTMBHbiM paccKai. Bbi Bce BMecxe eifliiJiM 3a ropofl, ho nordfla 6bina OMeHb
nnoxafl M Bce laSojienM.

10-44 BbiCTynjieHwe, OpMroTdBbTecb roBopwTb nepeji KnaccoM. Bbi padoxaexe Ha

pOCCHHCKOM XeJieBHACHHH.

1. Bbi paccKaibiBaexe o nor6;ie e MHpe.

2. Bbi paccKa3biBaexe o cxhxhhhom GextcxoHH, Koxopoe xojibKo mxo npoH3omji6.

IlHCbiMO

10-45 Design a poster for a travel agency in your city that wants to attract Russian tourists.

Explain what wonderful climate you have in your state and city.

HxeHHe

10-46 CxMXMMHbie SeflCTBMH. ripoMMxaiixe saMexKW m oxeexbxe na Bonpdcbi.

1. Mxo npoM3om;Td?
2. fae M Koraa 3xo cnyMMnocb?
3. Mxo eme Bbi y3HanM m3 saMexKw?

nojie3Hbie cjiOBa:
norMSnyTb - yiviepexb (under tragic circumstances)
nponacTb 5e3 bcctm - to he missing

KaTacxpo4>MHecKoe HaBOUHCHMe.
BbI3BaHH0e npO.lMBHblMM flO;KJl«MM.
3eMneTpBceH.eBA3ep6a.A>KaHe
oSpynjHBiuHMHCH B noc.iejiHMe
flHM Ha ioro-3anaAHbie paiioHbi
3aper.cTp.poBan- , OpaHUMM, HaHecjio ymep5 b
c-ranu.. ^^^^^^
45 m^h. ct)paHKOB. rio jianHbiM
3eMneTpBceH^^. MecxHbix BJiacxeii b pe3yjibxaxe
oMare pa^oHHoro uentpa
ceBepnee p ^^^^^^^BHOCTb CTMXMMHoro ScflCTBHH nomSjio
KwnoMetpax
Kenb6aA>Kap^
^ >KepTB hbt. luecTb MCJioBCK. Tpoe no CMX nop
MHCJIHXCH nponaBLUMMM 6e3 BeCXH.
^°'''''"lrKvienoBpe>KfleH.B3AaH>.^.
nerKne nu y
l/lweiOTCB

Tlpupoda u MM deecmu ooceMbdecHm nnntb 285

CJlOBAPb

Bbl flOJT^Hbl 3HaTb 3TM CHOBa.

OaeiKjia (sg. only) clothing, clothes

6pK)KH pants
30HT umbrella
KpOCCOBKM running shoes
KypTKa sports jacket, wind breaker
nnaTOK kerchief, shawl
njiam raincoat
canorM high boots
ujySa fur coat

HvieHa cymecTBHTejibHbie

SeflCTBMe disaster
CTMXMMHOe 6eACTBMe natural disaster
BCTldp wind
BMTaMIlH vitamin
rpaayc degree (about temperature)
rpaHMua border
rpMnn flu
jKepxBa casualty, victim
3acyxa draught
seMJierpflceHHe earthquake
Kaiij|e|.ab (m.) cough
ncKapcTBO medicine
MH.n.nMapn billion
MMHyC minus (below zero)
Mopds freezing weather
HaBonHCHiie flood
HaCMOpK head cold; slight cold
n.nK)c plus (above zero)
noxap fire
npnpona nature
npoPHOi norozibi weather forecast
paapyiueHiie destruction
pacnpona^a sale
CH-ia strength
CJIflKOTb (f.) slush
CHeronafl snowfall
TCMneparypa temperature
yparaH tornado: hurricane
ymep6 damage
XOJlOfl cold
3nMfleMMH epidemic

286 doecinu GOceMbdecnm luecnib Fjiaed 10

Hviena npujiaraTejibHue m HapeHHH

Soraxbiii rich ddmmi general

SoJlbHO painful, it hurts npdcxo simply
BCTpeHbiii (eexpeHo) windy paHHMM early
BJiaxHbiM (BJia:«Ho) humid CeJlbCK0X03HMCXBeHHblii agricultural
flemesbiM (neuieeo) cheap CMJlbHblM (CMJlbHO) strong
^apKMM (:»capKo) hot cbipdii (cbipo) damp
Heea^CHO not too good, had yBcpen/a sure, positive
HeoxMflaHHbiM (Heo»:MflaHHo) unexpectedly,
suddenly

rjiarojibi

6ojieTb/3a6oiieTb (h Sojieio) to he/ get sick

SoncTb (60JIMT, Sohht) (third-person only) to hurt, to ache

BMJieTbCfl/yBMfleTbCH + C KCM? to see each other
BbirnHneTb (imperfective only) (xopouid, nudxo) to look (good, had)
BbI3flOpaBJlMBaTb/BbI3AOpOBeTb to get better
rnoTaxb to swallow
flpoJKarb (OT xojiofla) to shiver, tremble from the cold
flyjb/nonyTb to blow
flbiiiiaTb to breathe
3a6o;ieBaTb/3a6o;ieTb + mcm? to be coming down with I to come down with
3apa>KaTbcJi/ 3apa3MTbCfl + mcm? to catch (a disease)
Mep3||HyTb/3aMep3||HyTb (3aMep3/jia) to freezel become frozen

MOKllHyTb/npoMOKllHyxb (npoMOK/na) to get wet, become soaked

HaACBaTb/HaneTb + mto? Ha Kord? to put on
HocHTb (onejKny) to wear (regularly or frequently)
ojieBaTb/oneTb + Kord? to dress someone
OfleBaTbCH/OflCTbCJI to get dressed
OKa3bIBaTbCH/OKa3aTbCH to turn out to he
nonpaBjiflTbca/nonpaBHTbca to get well; to put on weight
npMBbiKaTb/npnBbiK||HyTb (npMBbiK/jia) + k MCMy? to he getting used to, to get used to
npocxyxaTbCfl/npocxyflMTbCH to get a cold
coBeTOBaTb/nocoBexoBaTb + mto? KOMy? to advise
xyACTb/noxyAexb to lose weight
MMXaTb/MMXHyXb to sneeze
wyBCTBOBaxb / noMyBCTBOBaxb ceda + KaK? to feel

Bbipa>KeHHfl

BoA^e mom! Oh, my God!

flo;«cflb Jibex KaK m3 Bezipa. It's raining cats and dogs,
Ha caMOM aene in reality

He cxoHX + imperf. infinitive it's not worth doing

HCMerO HOCMXb nothing to wear
Hy M qxo! So what!
no OapenreHxy in Farenheit
no UejibCMio in Centigrade
npMHMMaxb/npMHflXb jieKapcxBO to take medication
codaMiiii xdnoa It' s terribly cold.

Ilpupoda u Mbi deecmu GdceMbdecnm ceMb 287

 .

JJonojiHMTejibHbiii cjioeapb: norofla

CeroiiHH ^apKO hot Cerojiun Hcapa heat

renjio warm xojiofl cold

npoxjiaano cool Mop63 freezing

xojiojiHO cold JlOA^J^b rain

BJia>KHO humid jiMBeHb downpour

^lyiuHO stick CHer snow
cyxo dry TyMaH fog
cojiHCMHO sunny
nacMypHO overcast
BMepa 6bijio ... Bnepa 6bij7/a ...

3aBTpa 6yneT ... 3aBTpa 5yfleT . .

TeMnepaxypa
0° = HO.nb (Hyjib) rpanycoB
+5° = OHTb rpaflycoB xenna, naxb rpaaycoB Bume HOJia.
-5° = naxb rpajiycoB Moposa. naxb rpaaycoB HWiKe hohh.

no-pyccKii He roBopax: "KpacHDQiii nordfla!"

"Cordfliia KpacMDO.

rio-pyccKM roBopsiT: ripeKpacHaa (y)KacHaa) noroAa!

CerdflHH saMeMaxenbHaH (y:«:acHaa) nordfla!
KaKOM npcKpacHbiM acHb!
KaK cerdnHH xopdmo (HenpiiaxHo) Ha yjiime!

He6o KaKde ronydde hcSo! The sky is so blue.

oSnaKO (/?/.o6jiaKa) CdiiHue Bbiiujio ii3-3a oSjiaKds. The sun came out from behind the clouds.
xyMa CoSwpaioxca xyqw. Rain clouds are gathering.
noxd>Ke. Mxo Syaex noiKflb. It looks like rain.
cdiiHue KaKde npKoe cojiHue. The sun is so bright.
.nyna CKdpo BbiMnex .nyna, The moon come out soon,
will
M 6yjiex CBexjid. and it will become light.
Mnex (uieji) aoacnb. It is (was) raining.
JTbex ....(jiMji) floxflb. It is (was) pouring.
flojKAb nepecxan. It's stopped raining.
flo^jib npoiue.n.
rpo3a thunderstorm
rpoM thunder FpoM rpeMMx. It' s thundering.
MOJiHMH lightning Md.nHMfl csepKaex. It's lightening.
6ypfl storm
CHer snow Cner wnex, naaaex. It's snowing.
Cner xaex. Snow thaws.
Mexenb (f.) snowstorm, hli: :ard
rpafl hail
xyMan fog
xojionaxb/noxojioflaxb rioxojioflano. It's gotten cold(er).
xenjiexb/noxennexb rioxenjiejio. It's gotten warm(er).

288 dee emu GoceMhdecnm eoceMb Fjiaed 10

 nPMJITHOrO AnnETMTA!

4 Fl3blK B >KM3HM
H3 KV.lHHapHOH KHHrU
npumameHne b focth
B rocTHX
B KOHue ooejia
B KaKOH pecTopaH rohth?

4 foBopiiTe npasMJibHo!
OopaiOBaHne ii ynoxpeo-ieHiie HMnepaTHsa
YnoTpeo.ieHHe biuob b iiMnepaxHBe
AlpyrHe Timbi iiMneparHBa

Ky/ibTypa
MsieHa. KOTopbie iHaiox see pyccKne: A. 17. Hexoe
PaccKa3 A. n. HexoBa «r.iynbiH 4)paHiiy3»

4 0636pHbie saAaHkin
CrpyKxypa npeiio^^eHiia
PairoBop
DncbMO
Mtchmc

deecmu GOceMbdecnm deeHttib 289

fl3bIK B :a^H3HH

11-1 M3 KyjiiiHapHoii KHiirn. npOMMTaMxe cnenyiomMe coBexbi m3 KynwHapHOM khmfm

«3apy6e»:Haji KyxHfl». MocKBa. 1990. C mcm bbi comacHbi m c mcm bbi hc cornacHbi?

•BnvSaa. m •HaniixKH. peKOMCHAyeMbie xypHcraM 113 CUIA dishes; HanMx|o|K - drink

3aBxpaK n6.i:*:eH 'cocxoaxb 113 (^pyKXOBoro MjXM to consist (of)

xoMaxHoro coKa, 'CinBOMHoro viacxa. 5iHua m.xh 'JiMMHimbi, butter; fried eggs

aymeMa., xdcxa, SynoMKM m Kd(J)e (•noaarox b HaHane 3aBxpaKa). noHaBaxb/noflaxb - to serve

B 13 m. aMepMKaHUbi 3aBxpaKaK)x BxopoM pa3. •Bxopdii 3aBxpaK lunch

aoTi'A^QH 'BK-Xioqaxb canax m viacHoe dnioRO c oboiuhmm BKjiroqaxb/BKjiioMPixb - to include
•rapHHpoM. Ha yxiiH moxho nonaxb xondnHbie m ropaMMe garnish, side dish

•3aKycKH II nepBoe d.xHDHO. appetizers

•riumy 'He cneayex no^aBaxb dncHb rop^MCM, Ha cxonax food: He HaAO
Bceraa floii:*:Hbi dbixb Bona co 'nbadM mhm •oxiia:»cfleHHbiM cok, nleln - ice; chilled

5e.xbiii n MepHbiii xne6.

BjTKSfla M HanMXKM, pcKOMCHjiyeMbie xypwcxaM m3 AHrnMii

Ha 3aBxpaK xypwcxaM m3 AHrnwH Md^^HO npejiJio)KMXb

cjiMBOMHoe Macjio, (|)pyKxdBbiM MHH xoMaxHbiM COK, 6qk6h
•:«:apeHbiM, oMnex, fl«;eM, GyjiOMKM, xopx, Kd(J)e vinu Man, fried
* KyKypy3Hbie xndnba c xondnHbivi MonoKdM. cornflakes
M3 pyccKMx6jiiofl aHrjXMHaHe jik56rx yKpawHCKHM 5opm,

paccd.xbHMK, mw, «K oxnexbi no-KMescKM Tonydubi. He cjieayex

, chicken Kiev; stuffed cabbage
npefl.xaraxb mm pbi6Hbie cynw, •Msaejina m3 'xecxa — items; dough
•6nMHMMKM, •6jTHHbI, •ncabMCHM. crepes; thin pancakes; pelmeni
(a type of ravioli)

'no^APoKi,
MOJIO^BIMI.
500
pcucm'OB
pyCCKUX OJllOA

KaiiitCAOoa E-
/\. MojioxoBEm
MOC K
J

1910

290 doecmu deoHHOcmo Fjiaed 11

 fljiH Bauiero CBejieHud

j
Tpaji^iiuMOHHafl pyccKaH em
I
Bopiu - cyn co CBeKJioii m apyrMMw OBomaiviM.
I mw - cyn M3 KanycTbi.
PaCCOJIbHMK - MflCHOM HUM pblSHbIM CyO C COHCHblMM OPypuaMM, KanCpcaMM M MaCJlMHaMM.
IlMpdr - neMCHoe mncnvie m
xecxa c HaMMHKoM (stujfing) m3 MHca, KanycTbi, h6jiok m t. u}
IlMpomKH - ManeHbKMc ni'ipoFM c HaMHHKoii M3 MHca, KanycTb], rpMSoB, pMca w t. n.

11-2 Ejiidjia M HanMTKM, pcKoivieHflyeMbie ajih pyccKwx TypiicTOB. KaKMe m3 3tmx Sniofl
Bbi 6bi B3HnM B pyccKOM pecTopaHe?

YxpoM peKOMCHflyeTCfl nonaBaxb k crony •Kauiy cooked cereal

(•OBCaHyiO, •MaHHyK), •rpeMHCByio) C MOnOKOM M MacnOM, MHM oatmeal; cream of wheat; huclcH'heat
HMHHMUy C 'BeTMHHOM. ham
Ha BTopoM 3aBTpaK peKOMeHflyexcji aaBaxb ojxwo ropaqee
6iiK)flo, nynme Bcerd OBomnde (•ojiaflbM m3 KadaMKOB, fritters

MOpKOBM, 'pary, KOTnexbi), dyxepSpoflbi, Man mjtm K64)e, stew

MonoKo. Md«HO noaaBaxb Ha Bxopdii 3aBxpaK •cocmckm. frankfurters

Odea, KaK npaBwno, cocxomx m3 xpex dnioA, c 3aKycKoM —

M3 Mexbipex. Ha nepBoe— cyn (mM, dopm, paccdnbHMK); na
Bxopde — MHcnde, OBomnde mhm pbidnoe dnroAO, ^Kapenoe nnn
•xymeHoe, m na xpexbc — -KOMndx, •KMcenb, •cnaflKWM nnpdr, braised; stewed fruit; Jello; sweet pie

Mail, nMpd:«:Hoe mum (JjpyKXbi.

y:«;MH jxonyviQW dbixb JierKMM, -npnMeM y^Knnaxb cnenyex moreover
He no3jiHee, mcm 'sa HBa-xpn qaca 'ao cna. Ha y:acMH Md:»cHo before

npnroxdBMXb canaxbi, "XBopdr co •CMexanon, flMMHMuy, OMjiex, cottage cheese; sour cream
OBOinHbie Koxnexbi, MonoKd, nyAHHrn, cJjpyKxdBbie cdKW.

M3 KyuMHapHOM KHHTM «npMrjiaiiiaeM k cxojiy».

J],HenponexpdBCK. 1970.

11-3 JIaiiTe cobct. Write your own advice: what do you recommend serving to tourists from
a place whose eating habits you are familiar with.

He 3a6y;ibTe!

These nouns have only singular forms:

Kanycxa nyK MopKOBb (f.)

Kapxd4)ejib (m.) and KapxdiuKa

CBeKJia BMHorpaA inoKOJiaA

M TOMy nofldSHoe - and the like

UpunniHoeo annemuma! doecmu deeHHocmo oduH 291

ITpHrjiameHHe b focth

Kcmdmii

HoBocenbe 3to pyccKaa TpajiMmia. Korjia nroflM nepees^aioT b hobmm aom

MJiM Ha HOByK) KBapTMpy, OHM ycTpawBaiOT HOBOcenbe, T.e. npMrnauiaioT
rocTCM. Ho TpamiuMM nonaraexca napMTb na HOBOcenbe mto-to Kpyrnoe
(a round object). CMHTaexcH, hto 3to npMHOCiiT cnacxbe.

11-4 IloroBopMM o ce5e. CnpocMxe npyr xipyra.

1. nn b apyrrfx cxpanax xpaflMUMH ycxpaiiBaxb Hoeocejibe?

Bbi SHaexe, ecxb
2. Do KaKMM npa3AHMKaM Bbi M eama ceMbH npMrnamaexe rocxeii?

11-5 Box TaKaa CMTyauMH. PasbirpaMxe.

1. 05x.flCHMxe pyccKOMy apyry, mxo xaKoe surprise party.

2. rioiBOHMxe apysbflM m npMrnacMxe mx na aenb poiKflCHMH Apyra/noflpyrw. 3xo Cynex nnsi
Herd/nee ciopnpM3.
3. Bam pyccKMW apyr/noApyra npiirnacMn/a sac na flenb poxfleHMH. Korna Bbi npMUiJiM,
OKasajiocb, mxo ebi npiimriM ne b xox (wrong) jxeuh.
4. Ha 6yflymeM nenejie y Baiiiero apyra/y Baiueii noflpyrw acHb poyKnenvisi. Bbi xoxMxe see
BMecxe nojiapMXb eMy/eii xopoiiiMii nonapoK. OScyaMxe, hxo bu Moxexe Kyniixb.
YnoxpeSMxe KOHcxpyKuwio: JJaedume KynuM...

292 daecmu deestHocmo dea Fjiaed 11

B roCTHX. PairoBapHBaiOT Kaxa, KaxMHa Mavia m MapK. YKa^^wTe, kto roBopMT.

— npoxoflMxe!
PasfleeaiiTecb,
— nosflpaBJiHK) HOBocejibCM M flHCM
c po«;fleHMa.
— CnacnSo 3a UBexbi.
— TaK BKycHO mcm-to naxHex!
— Bee roTOBo. CaniiTeeb ema. 3a
— y»:acHo ronoaHa.
51

— 3a 3nopdBbe!
Baiiie
— nonpoGyn niipo:;*:KM.
— Hto xaK Mino 5epeTe? Bo3bMMTe
Bbi erne pbi6bi.
— He MapKa
3acTaB.iaii Dycxb ecx ckohlko xoMex.
ecxb.
— Bee xaK BKycHO.
— Euibxe, no^Kajiyncxa.
eiiibxe, )rms
— 51 y:*:e cbix. Kytnail^^^Hrinvitanon to eat.
Kyniafi,

— Hex-Hex, eme xopx. 51 caNia iicneK.xa. To say I'm eati^^^^ or / wanr some-
— KaxH, nocxaBb MawHHK. thini; to eat. say "H cm", "51 e.i/a", "fll

yjKC noeji/a", "H xomv ecxb."

Koriia pyccKMe nbiox bhho hjih BOHKy, ohm oGmmho

roBopflx xdcxbi 11 MOKawxcH (clink glasses).
Tocx o6b'mHO HaqHHaexcH c «3a», HanpHviep,
«3a Bame 3nopdBbe!»

11-6 Mhumm cjioeaiviM. KaK CKasaxb no-pyccKM?

1. It smells wonderful. 4. It smells of meat. 7. It smells offish.
2. It smells of coffee. 5. To your health. 8. To your success.
3. To your birthday. 6. To your new house. 9. To our friendship.

11-7 Box xaKaH CMxyauMfl. Pa3birpaMxe.

1. You are giving a dinner party. Ask your guests what they will drink. Make small talk.

Offer a toast.
2. You and your roommates have invited some friends over for dinner. Discuss who is going to
set the table, what items you need, and how many of each you need.

IlocTapaHTecb He saSbixb!

Mbi HaKpuBaeM na ctoji, a ndc.ne enbi Mbi vSnpaeM co cmia.

Mbi caflMMCfl 3a ctoji.
Mbi CMflMM 3a CTOJIOM.
Mb! BCXaCM 113-33 CTOJia.

npuAitiHoeo annemuma! deecmu deoHHOcmo mpu 293

 CKarepTb

B KOHue oSeaa. PaBroBapnBaioT Kara, KaxwHa Mavia m MapK. yKa:»cMTe, kto roBOpMx.

— Hy, qaiiHHK ecKunen. Baeapro il qaii.

— MapK. cbchm. no«;a.iyHCTa.
3a:iKrM
— Kara, no6pa, nepeaaii
6yflb saMqaiuKii. 51 HajibK) qaio.
— OonoxiiM. CHaqlia noracu cbcmm.
— OipeiiCb MapKy KycoK xopxa.
So.ibiiidii ,
^ —
— noTpacaioinnH xopx! /
^^^P^^enue 6biAhix umch
— noTioiKHXb BaM eiue KyconeK? / *I>«pMa «Xjie6
— Bojibiue He Mory. Bonbuide cnacH6o. cxo.itmy
Ojj ^'^^^^^^^^
HeKorua ^^PHy^xa b
— Ha iflopoBbe.Ho xaK Niano
Bbi e.xii. f
|
^aMw.xiijo
3HaM
^^^ecxHyjo
qxo Bbi! ^ xaK Hae-xca. I ne^ex
BKycueiiZf^l^^ ^y-^o^na^ CHoea

^<*PaH^y3CKHe»6axor^.^''''""^^^

^^^P^yMeHXMHc},aKXb.
1995

The genitive case (rather than the accusative) is used to denote a direct object
that is part of a larger amount. This usage is called "the partitive genitive."
Hero xe5e no.xojKi'ixb? Pbi6i>i? What can I give you? Some fish?
no.xo;KHxe Mapxy Topra. Give Mark some cake.
Xdneuib Ma« ? Would you like some tea?
Except for the verb xoxexb, the partitive genitive is used after perfective verbs.
The English equivalent for partitive genitive forms is usually some. The
English equivalent for accusative forms in similar contexts is usually the.
Kaxfl. npMHecH caxapa. Katya, bring some sugar.
Kaxfl, npHHecM caxap. Katya. bring the sugar

The nouns caxap, and cyn have the alternate

Mafi. partitive genitive forms
Maw, caxapy, and cyny.
51 Bbinbio waH/Haio. / //have some tea.
9{Ky n.i k5 caxapa/caxapy . buy some sugar
/ 7/

AaM MHe cyna/cyny. Give me some soup.

294 doecmu deosiHdcmo nemhipe Fjiaed 11

11-8 Hhbimii cnoeaMif. CKa^Kiire no-flpyroMy.
1. Mail roTOB. 5. riopa 3a:«MraTb cbcmm.
2. Mhc uyTKHhi MainKM. 6. Cbcmm Sd.ibiue He non:»cHbi ropexb.
3. jUan cMy KycoK xopja. 7. SaMeMaxenbHbiii xopx!
4. 51 cLix/a. 8. Eiiibxe eme.

11-9 BoT xaKaa cifTvamfJi. Paibirpaiixe.

1. You are visiting your Russian friend's grandmother who wants you to eat a lot. Everything
tastes good, but you are already full.
2. Write a thank-you note to your hosts. Mention what you ate and how good it was.

B KaKoii pecTopaH noiiTM?

— Kyiia noiiflCM?
— 3x0 3aBHCiix ox xord. mxo bbi xoxiixe ecxb.
— noiincMxe pecxopaH.
b KiixaficKnii
— npeKpacHaa oGoiKaio KHxaiicKyK)
iinea. 51 eny.
— A He oneHb
H .iK)5.xid.
— Ha BKyc uBex xoBapiimen
II nex.
Mxo 3X0 3HaMHX?
— 3x0 nocnoBima. 3Hamix. y Ka»:aoro CBoe MHCHMe.
— Tyx rpenecKOM pecxopane npeKpacHbiii noBap.
B
— BerexapiiaHCKiix
Tavi Nia.io S.xioa.
— A yr.xoM ecxb HHZtMHCKini pecxopan.
3a
— He B03pa»:aK).
51
— A Ha Mne jiHexe. dcxpyio Hejib3H ejiy.
— y xeSa qxo, na cnemiM?
a.x.xeprMfl
— Mxo yae ae.xaxb?
— KaK HacMex pbiSnoro pecxopana?
— OxjiMHHo! riomiiM!
11 -10 Mhumm cjioeaMif. KaK cKa3axb no-pyccKn?
1. I adore chocolate. 6. The meat is very greasy.
2. Tastes differ. 7. I like vegetarian dishes.

3. I am on a diet. 8. I am not allowed to eat spicy foods

4. I am allergic to tomatoes. 9. What about a Chinese restaurant?
5. It depends on what you want to eat. 10. I'm terribly hungry.

FIocTapaHxecb hc 3a6fciTb!

KaKwe opM-xaraxe.xbHbie mu ynoxpe6ns[eM inoBopMM o eae?

BKyCHblif good, tasty, delicious MHrKMU tender

ropbKUfi hitter OCTpWll spicy, hot and spicy
mecTKHii tough sweet
^MpHbiii greasy COiieHbIM salty
KlfCJIblli sour CbipOlf raw
jierKiiM light Tfl>KejIiJM rich, heavy

UpuAniHoeo annemuma! deecmu deenHocmo numb 295

11-11 3to He BKVCHO. KaK cKaBaxb. mto eaM He HpaBMTCR ena.

Odpaseu: B cyne oMCHb MHoro cdiM. m Cyn cjihuikom co.ieHbiii.

1. B niipore OMeHb MHoro caxapa. 4. B eae oneHb MHoro nepua.

2. Mflco eme He roTOBo. 5. Bbi bshjim e poT KycoK jiMMona.
3. B ene oqenb MHoro Macjia. 6. B eae dneHb mhofo cojim.

11-12 noroBopiiM ce5e. CnpocHxe :ipyr apyra.

1. B Kaxne pecTopaHbi Bbi .iK55nTe xoniiTb? 3. Bbi nroSMTe dcrpyio ejy?

2. KyxHK) KaKoil crpaHbi Bbi nraSnTe 6dibme Bcerd? 4. Bbi eanxe mhco m.xm bu BerexapnaHeii/
BerexapnaHKa?

11-13 Box xaKaa ciiTvamifl. Paibirpawre.

1. Bbi c apy3baMii coGiipaexecb b pecxopan. Y Ka:»cjioro ecxb CBoil .iioSnMbifi pecxopan.

2. Bbi B pyccKOM pecxopane. Box NieHid. Peiiinxe. hxo bh 5ynexe ecxb. Cnpocuxe
o(J)imiiaHxa/o4)imnaHXKy o HesHaKOMbix dnroaax. "CKa>fciixe, novKanyiicxa. mxo xaxde
«...»?' YiHailxe. mxo ndBap roxdBiix .xyqme Bcerd. Bam npenoaaBaxe.xb dyaex iirpaxb po.xb
o(J)imnaHxa/o(J)iimiaHXKii.

Ka(j}e «5o.Toiiia/i U36a»

UeHbi B TbicflMax py6.ieH
uena ueaa
3aKycKU
BiiHeq5ex mockobckmh J3_ ITjtob c SapaHWHoii
MKpa 3epHiicxafl Bii(|)iiJxeKC Haxypa-ibHbnl
4.)
MKpa KpacHaa BecJjcxporaHOB
MKpa 6aKJia;4caHHafl YxKa xapeHaa c aSjioKaMM
llJnpoxbi pii:«^CKiie UbinjiCHOK xaSaKa
Cajiax «0.iUBbe» JlK)Jifl-Ke6a6 35
CcNira lUauiJibiK H3 SapaHHHU 6(
Kon6aca MaiiHaa CyaaK no-nojibCKM AC

Cynbi CtadKoe
By.TbOH c niipo;tCKaMH -4- KoMnox 113 cyxo(})pyKXOB
ByjibOH c .lanuioii J_ njiOM6np
Cyn xapMO FpaHaxoBbiM mep5ex 20
CojiflHKaji MflCHafl
6 HanojieoH 20
OKpoiiiKa JiexHflfl 3Kjiep C KpCMOM 15-
Bopm MOCKOBCKHli

Bmopoe FapHupu
KorneTbi no-KiieBCKn 2C_ Pmc napoBOM
B.inHbi pyccKiie c HKpoii 2.) JO
Kapxo4)exbHoe niope
Ubin.iHxa. HamiHeHHbie cyxapHMH
2V Kama rpewHeBaa
Ky.ieSflKa c macom
Kcmdmu
B pyccKHX pecTopaHax MeHid hc hm^ct uch.
B Herd BOHCbiBaK T u^hm tojibko rex 6jiioa,
KOTdpue B 3TOT leHb rardsaT.
296 deecmu deesiHdcmo mecmb Fjiaed 11
11-14 ZlaeaiiTe roTOBiiTb ca.Mii! Bu ^taere rocreii. Mto Bbi npiiroTOBiiTe';

1 . K BasTpaKv
2. K o6eay
3. K \ Ai.uHy ITo.ieBHbie cioea

eapHTb ceapHTb - lo cook in water, boil

ao6aB.ijrrb aoSaeiiTb -
to add
*apHTb 3ajKapiiTb - to roast

/KapnTb noa>KapHTb - to fry H

>kapHTb Ha i+^apoBHe - : harbeque, to grill H
Meuian>/CMeiuaTb noNiemaTb - to mix H
peiaxb /Hape3aTb(|>eyKyT) - to slice, cut H
ncMb iicneMb - to hake H
HMCTHTb noHi'iCTHTb - to cleon. to peel, to scrub
TvinifTb/noTviuHTb - to braise, cook on low heat: stew

11-15 ripiiMMTe peuieHiie. KaK npHroTOBiiTb c.ieayiomiie 6.iK5aa?

Oopaseu: KapToiuKa
KapToioKy movkho cBapiiTb. nojyKapiiTb ii iicnenb.

MHCO. Kvpima. pbioa. cyn. x.ieo. neweHbe.

TOpT. niipdr. niipo}*;KM. iiHaenKa

11-16 Il3 Ky.iiiHapHoii KHiini. IlpomiTaHTe peuenr kothct h jjeuenr raxiSyprepa. Mcm
OHH nOXOJKIl H MCM OHH OT.lHMaiOTCfl?

KoTtLiemu

Bo3bMHTe no.iKM.id MflCHoro 4)apiiia {ground

meat). cupoe siiud. HeMHoro oe.ioro
xneSa. Xne5 pa3MoqHTe (soak) b Mo.iOKe h.ih b
Boae. nyK Hape:*;bTe »i Bce cMemaMTe c
4)apiuev!, ao6aBbTe fliiud. IloconHTe no BKycy. r -

CaenaiiTe KOTJiexbi. noaiKapbTe na

CKOBOpdaKC.
rdMoypeepu
Bo3bMHTe ^ym MSCHdro 4)apiiia h nyK. JIvk
Hape:3KbTe h CMeiuaHre c cjjapmeM. JIo6aBbTe cd.iH
H nepua no BKvcy. Cae.iaHTe raMdyprepu.
noniKapbTe Ha CKOBopduKe h-im xapOBHC.

UpuHmHoeo annemuma! deecmu deoRHOcmo ce.Mb 297

11-17 KaK BapHTb 6opiit. npoHMxaMxe peuenx 6opma m cocxaBbxe cnwcoK xord, qxo
Hy:>KHO KynHXb.

Peuenx eerexapMaHCKoro 6opma

Hape:»:bxe CBCKJiy m noxyuiHxe c xoMaxHoii nacxoM mjim co

CBe»:MMii noMMfldpaMM.
Hape:«cbxe JiyK m MopKOBb h o6iKapbxe na cnMBoqHOM Macne.
ipeiacbxe Kapxdcjjenb h Kanycxy, nonoxMxe b Kacxpidjiio c
"^fldfl II ^OBap^^xe 15 MHHyx. Ildcjie 3xoro flo6aBbxe k hmm
ce o6:*capeHHyio ceeKJiy, jiyK m MOpKOBb. BapHxe eine 10
iHyx.
)6aBbxe MecHOK, conb, nMMdHHbiil cok m HeMHdro caxapa.
TTonaBaMxe Ha cxoji co CMexaHoil.

nppmxHoro annexHxa!

11-18 Bbi rjiaBHbiH noeap e pecxopane „By;3bTe kbk jioivia!" 06T)5icHHxe HOBOMy noBapy, xaK

1. CBapiixb cyn. 4. Mcnenb xne6.

2. npuroxdBiixb cajiax. 5. cflenaxb HMMHimy.
3. HcneMb KapxdiuKy. 6. npiii oxdBwxb Bame niodPiMoe dnidno.

11-19 JIiiCKycciiH. Mxo Bbi o6 3xom nyMaexe?

1. Koraa Mbi npiirjiaiuaeM rocxeii, Hano npiiroxdBiixb BKycnyio ejiy.

2. rdcxH npHxdflHX He flna xord, Mxddbi ecxb.

rOBOPHTE nPABHJIbHOI

^ 06pa30BaHHe h ynoxpeSjicHHe HMnepaxiiBa

Second-person imperatives

You already know second-person imperative forms such as:

Tbi-form Bbi-form

MMTaw MMTanxe
cjiymaii cnymaMTe
3a5yflb 3a5ynbTe
CKajKMTe
npMXOflM npMxoflMxe

To form imperatives, remove the third-person plural ending. This will give you the imperative stem.

• Add -ii/-iiTe if the imperative stem ends in a vowel.

HMxa - MMTa-M MMxa-MTe

MO - -JOT MO-li Mo-iixe
coBexy - ie^ coBery-M coBexy-Mxe
CTO - 4=e CTO-il cxd-iixe
CTpO - W¥ crpd-M cxpd-iixe
no - nd-ii nd-iixe
ryjiH'- ie^ ryna-M rynsi-iixe
60- #Fca (ne) 56-M -ca (He) 6d-iixe-cb
Hafle - ie^ca Hane-ii-cfl Haae-iixe-cb

Note: In imperative forms, -ca is spelled after the consonant -H- and cb is spelled after the vowel -e-

• Add -M/-Mxe if the imperative stem ends in two consonants or if the first-person singular
form of the verb is stressed on the ending. The stress is the same as that of the first-person
singular form.

nOMH - W¥ (ndMHio) ndMH-M ndMH-Mxe

HMCX - W¥ (qwmy) HMCX-M HMCX-MXe
(way) Mfl-M Mfl-MXe
B03bM -
y¥ (B03bMy) B03bM-M B03bM-MTe
yjibiSH - yrcfl (yjibidnycb) yjibi6H-M-cb ynbidn-Mxe-Cb
niiiu - (HHiuy) nMLU-M nmii-Mxe
CKa% y¥ - (cKaxy) CKa:«;-M CKa:»c-Mxe
noMor - (noMory) noMor-M noMor-Mxe
CMOXp - *f (CMOXpKS) CMOXp-M CMOXp-MXe
cneui - W¥ (enemy) cnem-M cnem-Mxe
npMXOfl - W¥ (npnxo»:y) npMXOJl-M npnxofl-Mxe
enpoc - (cnpoLuy) cnpoc-M cnpoc-Mxe
OCXaHOB - *f= (OCXaHOBHRD) OCXaHOB-M ocxanoB-Mxe

npunniHoeo annemuma! deecmu deeHHOcmo deenmb 299

 Add -faZ-bxe if the imperative stem ends in a single consonant and the first-person
singular form is not stressed on the ending.

(Syay) 6yfl-b 6yfl-bTe

BCXaH- f¥ (BcxaHy) BCXaH-b BCxaH-bxe
OTBCT- Wf (OTBCMy) oxBex-b oxBex-bxe
Bcxpex- *F (BCxpeMy) Bcxpex-b Bcxpex-bxe
eep- w¥ (eepio) Bep-b Bep-bxe
nosapae- w¥ (no3flpaBnK)) no3npaB- no3HpaB-bxe

Several imperative forms must be memorized.

1. aaeaxb/BCxaeaxb-type verbs
AaBaw BcxaBaii
flaBaiixe BCxaBaMxe

2. naxb, ecxb and nnxb

flaw eiiib new
flaiixe emtxe neMxe

3. exaxb
noes^aM
noe3:«:aMxe

4. JICHb
nar Note the spelling of these forms.
nine

• Verbs that have the stressed imperative ending -mZ-mtc (i.e. ujxtt/ujxure, necM/HecMxe)
will have the same ending, only unstressed, in perfective forms with the prefix Bbi-.

Mfl-M BblMfl-M Hec-ii Bbinec-M

Mfl-Mxe BbiMfl-Mxe Hec-Mxe Bbinec-Mxe

11-20 IIpoBepbxe ceSa. flanxe wMnepaxMB. Remember that the stress is the same as in the
first person singular.

Odpasen: roBopwxb - roBopro - roBopax m roeopil

1. n03BOHMXb - n03BOHK5 - n03B0HHX 10. 3aKpbixb - 3aKp6K) - 3aKpdK)x

2. flepxaxb - flepxy - Aep:«:ax 11. BepHyxbCfl - BepHycb - Bepnyxcji
3. CMflexb - CM>Ky cmahx - 12. 5bixb -
5yfly - 5yiiyx
4. Hanaxb - Haqwy - HaMHyx 13. CHflXb - CHHMy - CHMMyX
5. yjibi6HyxbC5i - ynbiSwycb - ynbiGnyxcji 14. MCKaxb - Muty - Mmyx
6. nojto>KMXb - nono;<<:y - nond::*:ax 15. npiiHflXb - npMMy - npMMyx

7. >Kflaxb -
y^jxy - y^ajxyi 16. caHMXbcsi - caxycb - caflaxcfl
8. cnaxb - cn.iio - cnax 17. ocxasnxb - ocxaBjiio - ocxaBax
9. B3flXb - B03bMy - B03bMyX 18. cnpaujMBaxb - cnpauiMBaio - cnpaiiiMBaiox

300 mpiicma Fjiaed 11

^ 11-21 y MCHH K Baivi npocb6a. IlonpocMTe apyseii 3to cflenaxb.

Odpaseu Hano nocxaBMTb MaMHMK.

nocTaBb(Te) MaiiHMK, nomajiywcTa!

1. Haflo noSnaronapMTb mx 3a uBexbi. 6. Haflo BbiHecxM Mycop.

2. Haflo cSeraxb b anxcKy 3a ncKapcxBOM. 7. Haflo noMbixb nocyfly.
3. Haflo KynMXb mSjiokm m anenbCMHbi. 8. Haflo npMroxoBMXb y:«;MH.
4. Hano 3aBxpa Bcxaxb nopaHbiue. 9. Hano ecxb noMCHbuie.
5. Hajio no3flpaBMXb Kaxio c hhcm poyKHQumsi. 10. Haflo nMXb Sdnbiiie eoflu.

11-22 Mbi xoTMM Baivi noMOHb. CKa>KMxe HaM, mxo aenaxb.

Tell your friend where to put the items in column #2.

Odpaseu: nocTaBb(Te) MaHHMK na njiMxy.

1 2 3
noBecMXb KypxKa iiiKacJ)

nocxaBMXb xapenKM cxon

nono^cMXb cancfDcxKM nonKa
MaMHMK XOnOflMnbHMK
cxaKaHbi cxena
KHMFM nnMxa
KapxMHa
xopx

MOJIOKO
qacbi
:»cypHaiibi

njiam

ynoxpeSjicHHe bhjiob b HMnepaxHBe

Positive commands. Asking someone do something.

• Use the perfective aspect of verbs It denote a result-producing action when
indicating a one-time action.

3aKpdiiTe ABepb! Close the door!

3aMiojiMMTe! Shut up!
ySepMTC KOMHaxy! Clean up your room.
KynMxe mohoko m K64)e! Buy (some) milk and coffee.
IIoBecbTe BauiM najibxo e lUKacJ)! Hang your coats in the closet.

UpuMmnoeo annemuma! mpucma oduH 301

 Use an imperfective imperative in a positive command
>• when you are referring to repeated actions.

j^e.iaHTe lapaaKv Ka:*:aoe yrpo. Do calisthenics every morning.

npilHIIMaitTe BUTaMUHbl. Take vitamins.
ripiixojHTe Ha laHaTHH BOBpeMJi. Come to class on time.
3aKpbiBaiiTe asepb! Keep the door shut (i.e. close it each time you
open it).

>- when you want the other person to continue what he/she is already doing.

roBopi'i. roBOpM. $1 Te6fl cjiymaio Keep on talking. I'm listening.

ClUHTC. CIIJHTe! Stay seated, don't bother getting up.
Mo.iHii! Don't say anything (keep quiet).

IlocTapaiiTecb He 3a6biTbI

By^b joop/BHHMaxejieH/.itooesei
Byzib joopa/BmiMaTe.ibHa/jiK)6e3Ha/ocTop6>KHa.
ByZIbXe ;iOOpbl/BHHMaTe-lbHbl/.lK)6e3Hbl/OCTOp6iKHbI.

Be so kind las to). . . attentive. .;so

. kind (as to). . ./careful.

Negative commands. Asking someone not to do something.

• Use an imperfective imperative in a negative command when you don't want someone
to do something.

HiiKOMv He roBopi'iTe o5 3tom! Don't tell anyone about this.

He Bepbxe eMv. Oh roBopiiT nenpaBziy! Don't believe him. He's lying.

He noKvnaii 3Ty py6aujKy! Te6e ne naex Don't buy that shirt. You don't look
le.ieHwii UBCT. good in green.
He yxoaiiTe. erne pano! Don't go. it's still early.

He noMoraif Mue. a see cae.iaK) caxi/a. Don't help me. I'll do it all myself.

• Use multidirectional forms of non-prefixed verbs of motion when you don't want
someone to go somewhere.

He xomiTe xyna ! Don ' t go there!

He eajiixe xyna! Don't go there!

• Use perfective imperative in a negative command if you are afraid someone might do
something accidentally or inadvertently.

He 3a6yab, mxo > nac BenepoM co5paHne. Don't forget we have a meeting tonight.

302 mpucma dea Fjiaea 11

 .

Negated perfective imperatives are usually preceded by Cmotpm/tc, hc... {Make/Be sure
you don't. .).

CMOTpMTe, He onosflaiiTe! Be sure you're not late!

CMOxpMTe, He 3a6jiynMTecb! Make sure you don't get lost!

Some verbs that denote accidental or inadvertent actions are 3a5jiyflMTbCfl, noTepHTbca, 3a6biTb,
ono3flaTb, pa36MTb (to break, shatter), ynacTb (to fall down), ouiM6MTbC5i (to make a mistake).

11-23 IlpoBepbTe ceSfl. CKaxMTC no-pyccKw.

1. Do that. Don't do that.

2. Read this book. Don't read this book.

3. Cook dinner tonight. Don't cook dinner tonight.
4. Talk to me. Don't talk to me.
5. Forget about it. Don't forget about it.

11-24 IlonpociiTe apyr npyra hto-to caejiaxb.

06pa3eu: Mto bbi CKa^cexe, ecnw bbi xothtc, MT66bi kto-to ceroAHH npHroTOBMn oSeji? ^
ITpMroTOBbTe ceroflHa oSea, no>Ka.nyMCTa.

Mto Bbi cKa:>KeTe, ecjiw Bbi xotmtc,

1. MTOSbl KTO-TO nOilOXHJl BaM KycdHCK TopTa.

2. MTOSbl KTO-TO KyOHJI npoflyKTbi.
3. MToSbi KTO-TO noMor BaM npMroTOBMTb oSefl.
4. MTd6bi kt6-to BbiMbiJT nocyjiy.
5. MToSbi KTO-TO ySpan KOMHaTy.
6. MTd6bi KTO-TO Hapesaji xneS.

11-25 IlonpocMTe npyr apyra ne j^ejiaxb Mero-TO.

06pa3eu: Mto bu CKa^eTC, ecnn Bbi xoTWTe, MToCbi kto-to He BKJiiOHaji TejieBH3op? ^
rio^ajiyiicTa, ne BKjiiOHaiiTe TejieBM3op.

Mt6 Bbi CKaxeTe, ecjin bbi xotmtc,

1. MToSbi KTO-TO cerdjiHH He roTdBMJi odefl.

2. MTddbi KTd-TO He neji TaK rpdMKO.
3. MTddbi KTd-TO He BOHHOBajicfl.
4. MTddbi KTd-TO He onaiflbiBan Bce BpcMJi.
5. MTddbi KTd-TO He 3adbiJi npiiMTM na ceimaHMe.
6. MTddbi KTd-TO He noKynaji TaK MHdro eemeii.
7. MTddbi KTd-TO He 3BOHMJ1 BaM nocjic ABenaAuaTM.

flpuAmHoeo annemuma! mpucma mpu 303

11-26 AHajiM3. Read the following sentences. What types of situations are depicted, and
what is the aspect of the imperatives used in these situations?

1. Korjia Mbi npiirnauiaeM b rdcxw, mm roBopMM:

IlpMXGflMTe K HaM B nflTHMu,y, qacoB b ceMfa.
2. Koraa rocTii npMxdjiflT, mbi oxKpbiBaeM flBepb m roBopMM:
BxoflMTe, no»:aiiyiicTa.
3axojiMTe, noxanyMcxa.
IlpoxouMTe, noxanywcxa.
3. Korjia mbi npeanaraeM rocxHM chjixb nanBxd, inanxy, uiniuy, mbi roBopMM:
PasfleBaiiTecb, no:«;ajiyMcxa.
4. Mbi Macxo roBopiiM rocxHM:
Byflbxe KaK noMa.
HvBCTByMTe ceSfl KaK flOMa.
Pacnojiaraiixecb noyfloSHee.
5. FlpeAJiaraa rocx^M cecxb, Mbi roBopMM:
CaflMxecb cK)fla.

CaflMxecb 3a cxon.
6. Koraa Bce cm^r 3a cxojiom, Md:x:HO ycjiumaxb:
BepMxe canax.
BepMxe nMpo:«:KM.
Oepeaaiixe, no:acajiyMcxa, xjied.
7. Korfla xosflesa npomaroxca c rocxHMM, roBopax:
IlpMXGjiMxe K HaM eme.
3B0HMXe.
He 3a6biBaMxe Hac.
8. EcjTM Kxd-xo yesxaex nafldnro, Mbi roBopMM:
IlMUIMXe.
npMe3>KaMxe CKOpee.
BoBBpamaMxecb cKopee.

11-27 Box xaKafl CMxyauMH. Y sac rdcxw.

1. ripeflcxaBbxe cede, hxo k BaM npMuiJiM rdcxM. Say all the right things inviting them in, asking them
to come to the table, and seeing them to the door.
2. Bbi Bce CMflMxe sa cxojidM m odenaexe. Carry on your conversation for five minutes, offer food.

11-28 Box xaKan CMxyauua. Pasbirpaiixe.

06pa3iibi: 3anMCbiBaxbCfl/3aniicaxbCH na Kypc

npo4)eccop BejiMUKMM is the best Russian professor in your department. Advise

your friend to take his course,
3anMiiiMCb Ha Kypc npoc})eccopa BejiiiuKoro. Oh jiyMuiMii npo^eccop na
(JjaKyjibxexe.

npo(|3eccop CMMpHdB is a very boring professor. Advise your friend

accordingly. He 3anMCbiBaiicfl na Kvpc npo^eccopa CiviMpHdea.

304 mpucma nembipe Fjiaed 11

 1. 6paTb/B35ITb
a. Your friend is going back to his/her room. Tell him/her to take the books that he/she
forgot in your room yesterday.
b. Your roommate is going out. Tell him/her not to take an umbrella because it is not
going to rain today.
2. 3aKa3biBaTb/3aKa3aTb
a. You and your friend are in a restaurant and are looking at the menu. Tell your friend
what dishes are good and what to order.
b. You and your friend are in a restaurant and are looking at the menu. Tell your friend
what dishes you do not like and what not to order.
3. noMoraxb/noMOMb
a. Ask your roommate to help you look for your keys.
b. You're working on a math assignment and your roommate wants to help. Tell him/her
you don't need any help, you'll do it by yourself.
4. npMxojiifTb/npiiMTif
a. Invite some friends over to your place this evening.
b. Some friends have been visiting you, but now they are leaving. Tell them to come
over again.
5. camiTbCH/cecTb
a. Someone has asked you for directions. Tell him/her to take bus # 5 or #7.
b. Someone has come to see you. Tell him/her to take a seat.
c. You're having a dinner party. Everything is now on the table and you tell everyone to
come to the table and take their seats.
6. roBopMTb/cKasaTb - noroBopMXb
a. You've failed an exam and you don't want anyone to know about it besides your
closest friend. Tell him/her not to tell anyone.
b. Ask someone what time it is.
c. Ask someone how to get downtown.
d. Ask someone to speak louder.
e. Tellyour friend with a problem to speak to his/her professor about it.
f. Your friend is speaking too loud. Ask him/her to speak more softly.
7. rOTOBMTb/npMrOTOBMTb
a. Tell your friend that you'll fix supper tonight and that he/she should fix it tomorrow.
b. Tell your roommate that you won't be home tonight and that he/she shouldn't bother
fixing supper.
8. BblHOCMTb/BblHeCTll MVCOp
a. Tellyour roommate not to take out the garbage tonight, that you'll take it out tomorrow morning.
b. Tell your roommate to take the garbage out; you took it out yesterday.
9. noKynaxb/KyniiTb
a. Tell one of your roommates not to buy any vegetables because you'll buy

everything on the way home today.

b. Call up one of your roommates and tell him/her to buy some rice on the way home.
10. npMHOCMTb/npMHeCTM npMBOHMTb/npMBeCTM
a. You're having a party, and your friends want to know what they can bring. Tell them
not to bring anything.
b. You've invited your Russian teacher and his/her spouse to a party. Tell them to bring
their children if they want to.

11. yXOflMTb/yMTM
a. You're having a party, and despite the early hour, your friends want to leave. Tell them
not to leave yet.
b. Someone is bothering you. Tell him/her to go away.

flpuAmHoeo annemuma! mpucma nnnib 305

 "

12. 3BOHMTb/n03BOHMTb 6yflMTb/pa36yflMTb

a. Ask a friend to call you in the morning and wake you up.
b. You want to sleep late tomorrow morning. Tell your friends not to call you.

c. You want to sleep late tomorrow morning. Tell your roommates not to wake you up.

d. Ask your roommate to wake you up at 7 in the morning.

13. XOAMTb - MATM/nOMTM

a. You recently saw a terrible movie. Advise your friends not to see it and tell them why.

b. You recently saw a very good movie. Tell your friends to go see it, they'll enjoy it.
14. 3aKpbiBaTb/3aKpbiTb
a. Your roommate feels cold and wants to close the window. Tell him/her not to close the

window, because you feel hot.

b. You feel cold. Ask your roommate to close the window.

15. npMHMMaTb/npMHflTb
a. Your friend has a headache. Advise him/her to take some aspirin.

b. Your friend has a fever. Advise him/her to take some aspirin 4 times a day.
c. Your friend takes too many medications. Advise him/her not to take so many.

16. pa3fleBaTbCH/pa3fleTbCH npoxoflMTb/npoiiTM

a. Some friends have come to visit you. Tell them to take off their hats and coats and
come on in.
b. Some friends have come to visit you. It's very cold in your apartment; tell them not to
take their coats off.
17. 6biTb
a. Tell your friend to be careful.
b. Your friend is very stubborn (raKdii ynp^MbiM/xaKaa ynpaMaa). Tell him/her not to be

so stubborn.

Pa3Hbie THnbi HMnepaTnea

Third-person imperatives: '^Let him/her do something.'

IlycTb (nycKaii) + third-person verb form

— Ohm xotst nHcaxb KOHTponbHyK) nqxHMuy. b "They want to take their test on Friday."
— riycTb (nycKaii) niiuiyT nHXHMuy. e "Let them take it on Friday."
— MapK M Tmm xotht oxflbixaxb. "Mark and Tim want to rest.
— IlycTb (nycKaii) oxflbixaiOT. "Let them rest."
riycTb (nycKaii) Kaxa cero^HH npnroTOBMT o5efl. Let Katya fix dinner tonight.

11-29 BoT xaKan CMxyamiH. Pasbirpawxe. IlycTb/nycKaif kto-to apyrdii ixo caejiaex.
Suggest that someone else do
it and give a reason why you cannot do it.

06pa3eu: Bbi He xoxwxe MflXM b MarasMH. (Bepa) m

H He xoMv MflTM B iviara3nH, noxoiviy hto a ycxaji/a.
Ilycxb (nycKaii) Bepa noiiaex.
1. Bbi He xoxMxe roxoBMXb o6en. (Mama)
2. Bbi He Moxexe BUMbixb nocyny. (Tmm)
3. Bbi He Moxexe cerdjiHfl Kynnxb npoHVKXbi. (FaiiH)
4. Bbi He xoxiixe eapMXb cyn. (Kaxa)
5. Bbi He Mdxexe Ae.naxb canax. (IlexH)
6. Bbi He Md^KCxe noexaxb sa npOAyKxaMH. (Kdcxa)

306 mpucma luecntb Fjiaed 11

7. Bbi He yMeexe roBopwTb Tocxbi. (JIioSobb CeprecBHa)
8. Bbi He MOiKexe cerdflHa ySMpaxb jxom. (Tana)

First-person imperatives: ''Let's do something/' "Let's not.

jUaeaii/xe roBopiiTb xonbKo no-pyccKw . Let's speak only Russian.

— ^aBai^/xe noroBopMM 06 3xom. Let's speak about that.
— j^aeaii/Te. All right, let's.

J^aeaii/Te He Syjieivi roBopMTb 06 3xom. Let's not talk about that. Let's
3a6yfleM 06 3xom. forget it.

11-30 Box xaKan ciixyauMa. Suggest to a friend that you do the following together.

1 . buy a bottle of champagne 4. fix a Russian dinner

2. have dinner in a Japanese (Chinese, 5. make salad
Greek) restaurant this evening 6. bake a chocolate cake
3. invite Katya to your birthday party

UpuMendHUJi
If you use tbi with someone, use jiaeaH. If you use eu with
e speaking to more than one person, use aaaaiixe.
Fi. 1 . With perfective verbs use flaeaii/xe + first-person plural.
2. With imperfective verbs use flaeaii/Te + the infinitive.
3. Use jiaeaif/xe ne SyaeiMi + imperfective infinitive when you don't want to do
something.
4. "Going" verbs are often used in the first-person plural without aaeaii/xe.
IIoMfleivi (Iloeaeivi) BMecxe! Let's go together.
MflCM (Eflewi)! Let' s go. Let's get going.

Suggestions in which the speaker volunteers to do something:

''Let me (us) do that."

9{ He 3HaK), KaK cMy cKasaxb 06 3xom. "/ don't know how to tell him about that.

JXaeaii a eiviy cKa>Ky. 'Let me tell him."

JlioSoBb CepreeBHa, jiaeaMTe 'Lyubov Sergeevna, let us help you."
Mbi saM noMOJKeM.
Haflo no3BOHMXb b a3pon6px 11 ysnaxb, "We need to call the airport and find out
KOffla npMJiexMX ee caMOJiex. when her plane is coming in."
JXaeaii a no3BOHid. 'Let me call."

When volunteering to do something. Russians all

JXan (JJaeaii) ^ xe6e noMory. Let me help you.

J^aHxe H saM nono:*y xdpxa. Let me give you some cak

to.
TIpuAmHoeo annemuma! mpucma ceMb 307
11-31 IlpoBepbTe ce6a. CKa^KMxe no-pyccKM.

1. Let me invite them to dinner. 4. Let me set the table.

2. Let me slice the bread. 5. Let me pour you some tea.

3. Let me help you. 6. Let me make salad.

11-32 IIpeflJiojKMTe hto-to caejiaxb.

Odpaseu: XoTMxe eme BMHa? (HauMTb) JXaeaMTe, a eaivi Hajibio.

L Bbi xoTMxe eme pbi5bi? (nono»:MTb) 4. Hy:«:H0 HaKpbixb Ha ctoji. (HaKpbiTb)

2. BaM Hy»CHa noMomb? (noMOMb) 5. Hy»:H0 Bb'iMbiTb nocyay. (sbiMbiTb)
3. 3flecb Mano cxyjibeB. (npHHecTw) 6. HyjKHO ySpaTb co cxona. (ySparb)

Wanting to do something vs. wanting someone else to do something

• If you want to do something, use xorexb + infinitive.

9{ xoMy CKasaxb Te5e npaeay. / want to tell you the truth.

51 xony KyniiTb Hoeyio MamiiHy. I want to buy a new car.

If you want another person(s) to do something, use xoTexb + MTd6bi + subject noun
(or pronoun) + past tense verb.

51xoMy, HToSbi Tbi MHe CKa3aji/a npasny. / want you to tell me the truth.
9{xony, mtoOw poaMxenM KyoHJiH / want my parents to buy me a new car
MHe Hosyio MaiuMHy.

11-33 PaccKajKMTe BceM. 51 xony.

1. play volleyball tonight. 5. wish a friend "Happy Birthday."

2. do my laundry. 6. bake a chocolate cake.
3. run home to get my books. 7. rent a different apartment.
4. travel in Europe this summer. 8. eat out tonight.

11-34 CKajKMTe CB0iiivmpy3b«M. H xoqy, HToSbi Tbi/ebi...

1. set the table. 5. advise me what courses to take.

2. help me. 6. advise me what summer programs to apply for.
3. give me a piece of cake. 7. come over after supper.
4. play monopoly. 8. fix dinner tonight.

11-35 OGiHCHHTe, KTO HTO ;i6ji>KeH ;ie.iaTb. YnoTpeGHxe nycmblnycKdu.

1. Katya should fix dinner tonight. 4. Victor should clean the house.
2. Mark should invite his friends to your party. 5. Galya should play the piano.
3. Tanya should bake a cake. 6. Nina should get groceries.

308 mpiicma eoceMb Fjiaed 11

Expressing indirect commands, suggestions, and wishes. Asking or telling someone
todo something indirectly

Indirectcommands can be expressed in Russian either by an infinitive after the verbs

npocHTb/nonpocHTb, roBopHTb/cKasaxb, and coBeTOBaTb/nocoBCTOBaTb or by a mtoSm-
construction (MT66bi+ subject noun or pronoun + past tense verb.) Constructions with
HToSbi are used more frequently in formal and written Russian.

Compare the following sentences. Although the sentences are synonymous, the sentences
without HToSbi are more characteristic of spoken Russian.

51 MX nonpocHJi/a npMiiTM nopaHbuie. / asked them come over a hit earlier.

to

9{ MX nonpocHJi/a, mtoSm ohm npnuiJiM I asked them if they would come over a bit

nopaHbiiie. earlier.

PoflMxeuM npocHjiii MCHst HHcaTb noMame. My parents asked me to write more often.
PoflMxejiM npocHjiM, HToSbi HHcaji/a noMame My parents asked me if I would write
more often.
H MM CKa3aji/a npMMTii saexpa. I told them come over tomorrow.
to

51 MM CKa3aji/a, mtoOw ohm npMuijiii saBxpa. I told them that they should come over
tomorrow.

IlocoBeTyii eii He Spocaxb 3xox xypc. Advise her not to drop this course.

nocoBeryif cm, mtoCw ona ne 6pocajia 3xox Kypc. Advise her that she shouldn't drop this

course.
Te6e najio noroBopMTb c jieKaHOM. You need to speak to the dean.
Haao, MToSbi xbi noroBopMJi/a c aeKanoM. You should speak to the dean.
BaM HeoSxoflMMO BbiyMMTb ece 3xm npaBMna. You have to learn all these rules.
HeoSxoflMMO, HT65bi sbi BbiyHMjiM Bce It's essential that you learn all

3XM npasMna. these rules.

PyccKue 3KeueaAeHmM eAaeoAa to ask

npocMTb/nonpocMTb - to request, to ask someone do something, to ask for something

1. Koro? + MH(|)MHMTMB rjiarojia
Ona nonpocMna Tanio KynMXb xneSa. She asked Tanya to buy some bread.
2. MTO y Koro?
51nonpomy y poaMxejieif viauiMHy. I'll ask my parents for their car
3. KOrO O MCM?
51 He xony mx hm o hcm npocMXb. / don't want them to do anything for me.

cnpauiMBaTb/cnpocMTb - to ask for information, to inquire, to ask a question

1. Koro? MUM y Koro?

CnpocMxe TaHio, hxo ona o6 3xom xtyMaex.

CnpocMxe y TaHM, mxo ona o6 3X0m ayMaex. Ask Tanya what she thinks about it.

2. Kord o MCM?

Mbi cnpocMHM TaHK) o ee njianax. We asked Tanya what she was planning to do.

npuAniHoeo annemuma! mpucma deonmb 309

11-36 KaK eme movkho 3to cKasaxb? YnoTpeGiiTe umoobi.

Odpaseii: Kara xdqeT NieHH Biiaexb. m Kaxa npoci'ina. mtoSbi a npiime.i/npifui.ia.

1 . HuHa xoHCT noroBopiiTb c toGoh no Tejie(J)dHy.

2. Cepe:;*ca npiinaciLi Hac b rocni.
3. CxenaHOBim npocn.i eac HHKOMy He roBopHTb o6 3TOm.
BacM.iiiii

4. BopHC npociLi MCHfl Hamicaxb. kqk TO.ibKO npHeny.

5. CocejKa no KOMHaie npocii-ia mcha npuroTOBHTb ooea.
6. MaNia npocn.ia Tanio yopaxb KBapxiipy.
7. npenojaBaie.ib npocn.i nac npOMiiTaTb paccKa3.
8. Oh npiir.iaciLi Hac noimi b pecxopan.
9. BaoyuiKa nonpociiia Bacio cxoauTb b MarasHH.
10. Kto npocH-i TeoH noKynaxb laK MHoro OBomefi?

KyjibjypA

Ihiena. hOTopbie 3HaK)T Bce pyccKiie: AnnwH ndo.iooim lexoo (1860-1904)

Ahto'h TlaBnoBim MexoB pouMJica 17 HHBapa 1860 ro'aa

B Taranpore. J\tix erd 5bin KpenocTHbiM KpecxbflHHHOM. a oreu

X03HIIHOM •NieiKOH •.laBOMKH. ZlexcTBo HcxoBa Sbl.lO Tfl:«;e.lbIM. Oh small, shop

roBOpii.i: «B aexcxBe y Mena ne Sbi.io aeTCTBa». Ho otcu AHTona

riaB.iOBUMa xoxe.i aaxb jexAM xopdmee o6pa30BaHiie. MexoB ymi.icH
B rMMHa3HH. 3aHIlMa-lCfl N!y3bIKOH M MHOCTpaHHblMH SI3bIKaMH.
B 1875 roay ccMba nepeexana b MocKBy. noxoMy hxo oxeu
•pa30pnnCH. went bankrupt
ndc.ie OKOHMaHMfl rnMHa3iin Ahxoh ^exoB nocxynif.x na
MemiuHHCKMH (|)aKynbxex Mockobckoxo yHiiBepciixexa. B 3xo jkc
BpeMfl OH cxaa HMcaxb lOMopucxMMecKMe paccKa3bi. Koxdpbie oh
ncMaxa-i noa nceBaoHiiMOM Anxduia HexoHxe. B nepBbie rdau oh ne
oxHOCM.iCfl K CBoeMv iMxepaxypHOMy xpyay cepbe3H0. cmixaa erd
HeBa:*:HbiM ' no cpaBHenuK) c MeaimuHoii. m comparison
Ho nocxencHHo niixepaxypa ochoehmm saHflxiievi.
cxa.xa erd
B 1901 rofly Me'xoB jKenifxca na aKxpnce MocKOBCKoro
XyadvKecxBeHHoro xeaxpa O.xbre KHnrmep. B ixo speMn HexoB y^Ke
dbi.i 6d.ieH xy5epKy.xe30M n adn*;eH 5bi.i JKiixb b KpbiMv. Oh ysiep b
1904 rony.
Ahxoh
Ha'ejioBHq Me'xoB a'Bxop oMCHb Gojibuidro MMCJia
paccKa30B II HecKO.ibKux nbec. Ocddenno ii3Be'cxHbi erd nbecbi
«BniiiHeBbin caa».«Tpn cecxpbi». BaHfl». Hex MenoBCKa b
PoccHH, KoxdpuH He 3HaKdM c paccKasasiii h nbeca.MH MexoBa.

310 mpuana decmnb r.iaed 11

 .

11-37 HTCHiie xiH yjoBOJibCTBH^. HaiuiiTe oTBCTbi Ha Bonpdcbi.

1. Who is themain character of the story?

2. What time of day was it?
3. Who attracted his attention?
4. What was the man at the next table eating?

rnynbiM oPAHuva

KnoyH M3 i4MpKa Cpaxbee Fhhu, FeHpn flypKya, aaiuen b

mockobckmPi 'TpaKTMp TecToea noaaBTpaKaTb. tavern/pecTopaLH
— flaPire MHe KOHCOMe! — npuKaaan oh •nonoBOMy. 0(J)nujiaHT (ycTapcBiuee)
— npnKa>KeTe c •naujoTOM Mnn 6e3 namoTa? poached egg
— Her, c naiiioTOM cjimlukom cbiTHO... — flse-Tpn 'rpeHKn, croutons
no>KanyM, flaPiTe...

B o>KMflaHMM, noKa noflaflyr KOHCOMe, FlypKya 3aHnncFi

•Ha6nK)fleHMeM. FlepBoe, » mto Cpocunocb eMv b rnasa 6nji KaKOM-TO
, observation; oh yBMneji
no/iHbiPi, •6jiaroo6pa3HbiPi rocnoflMH, cufleBLunM sa coceflHUM npHHTHbIM Ha BMH
CTonoM M npuroTOBnABLunMCfl ecTb 6nMHbi.
«KaK, oflHaKO, mhofo noflaiOT b pyccKnx pecTopaHax! —
noflywan c|DpaHuy3, rnflfln, KaK cocefl nonnBaei cboii 6nnHbi ropHMUM
MacnoM. — FlflTb bnnHOs! Pa3Be oamh nenoBeK M6>KeT ctecTb xaK
MHoro Tecra?"
Cocefl Me>Kfly leM •noMa3an 6nMHbi •nKpoPi, pa3pe3an Bce mx spread; caviar
Ha •nonoBMHKH n •npornoTkin CKopee, mbm b nnib MunyT... halves: shallowed
— 'HenasK! — •o6epHyncFi oh k nonoBOMy. — Floflaw eme Me.ioBCK; cKasa-i

nopurno! fla •hto y sac 3a nopunn laKPie? FloflaPi cpa3y LuryK flecRTb noHesiy
MJiM nflTHafluaib! flaPi •6anbiKa... •ceMrn, mto nn. smoked sturgeon: lox

"CipaHHO... — noflyMa/i FlypKya, •paccMaTpuBan cocefla. — <paccMaTpMBaTb - to examine

Cten nflTb KycKOB Tecra m eme npocm! FoBopni, mto ecTb 6one3Hn,
Korfla MHoro eflFiT...»

FlonoBoPi nocTaBUJi nepefl coceflOM ropy SnunoB n flBe rapenKn

c Ca/ibiKOM M ceMroM. 5naroo6pa3HbiPi rocnoflPiH Bwnn/i 'ptOMKy
BOflKM, •saKycMJi ceMroM n •npuHflncn 3a 6;inHbi. K BeniiKOMy took a bite of: naqa-i (ecTb)

yflUBJieHHK) FlypKya, en oh hx cneiua, KaK ronoflHUM...

5. Why did the clown think that the man was ill?

6. What else did the man order?

"•OMeBMflHO, 66neH... — noflyMan cf)paHuy3. M Hey>Kenn oh, apparently, evidently

MyflaK, •Boo6pa>KaeT, mto c-becT bcio STy ropy? He ctecT m Tpex nyMaej
KycKOB, KaK -^KenyflOK ero 6yfleT y>Ke no/ion, a Beflb npufleTCFi stomach
nnaTMTb sa bcio r6py!»
— flaM — KpMKHyn cocefl, 'yTupafl canc^eTKOM
eiij,e nKpb'i! <yTnpaTb - to wipe off
•MacneHbie ry6bi. — He 3a6yflb senenoro nyKy! greasy

TIpuHinHoeo annemuma mpdcma oduHHaduantb 311

Before you continue reading, try to imagine what will happen next.

7. What was the Frenchman thinking?

8. What conclusion did the Frenchman come to?

«Ho... oflHaKO, y>K nonoBMHbi ropb'i Hex! — •y>KacHyncfl KnoyH. < y^ac - horror
— B6>Ke MOM, OH M BCK) ceMfy cten? 3to fla>Ke •HeecTecTBeHHO... unnatural

Hey>Kenn ^e^0Be^ecK\A\^ MenyflOK thk •pacTHMMM. ' He MO^Ker 6biTb! expansible: that's impossible

•Byflb 3T0T rocnoflMH y Hac bo OpaHunn, ero noKaabiBa/in 6bi aa ecHM 6fai

fleHbrM... 'Bo^Ke, y>Ke Her ropw!» My God!

— rioflaujb 6yTbmKy •Hiom... — CKaaan cocefl, npuHUMafl or copx BHHa

nonoBoro nKpy m nyK. — To/ibKo 'norpePi CHanana... Hto eiue? warm it a bit

•noKa/iyii, p,av\ ein,e nopunio SnuHOB... •flocKopePi TonbKO... MOJKCT SbiTb: Hurry up
— A Ha nocjie bnnnoB hto 'npuKa^Keje?
Cnyiiiaio... here: do you w ish me to bring

— MT6-HM6yflb nojierne... 3aKa>KM nopunio CeriRHKn H3 ' sturgeon soup

oceTpMHbi no-pyccKM m... m... FI noflyiviaio, •crynaPi! get going

«M6>KeT 6biTb, ' 3T0 MHe CHMTcn ? — •MsyMMncfl KJioyH. — 3tot I'm dreaming; yAMBMJiCH

MenoBeK xoMer yviepeTb. fla, fla, oh xoMei yMepeib! 3to bmaho no

ero rpycTHOMy nnuy.»

9. Why did the man

Frenchman?
talk to the
10. Did the man think he was having a big meal?
1 1 . What did the Frenchman decide was going on?

— » nopnflKM. ne^ero CKasaib! — 'npoBopMan cocefl, oSpamaflCb a fine way of doing things: grumbled
K cjDpaHLiysy. — Menn y>KacHO 'pasflpa^KaKDJ 3th flriMHHbie irritate

•anrpaKTbi! Or nopunn nopunn •nsBonb Mflaib nonMaca! •GraK m

flo pauses: be so kind as to: tek
' annexMT np o nafler k Mepry m onosflaemb... CeMMac rpn naca, a vine you lose your appetite
« K nflTM naflo 6biTb na •KD6nneiiH0M o6efle. K naxM MacaM: anniversary
— Pardon, monsieur, — •no6neflHen flypKya, — seflb bu y>K turned pale
o6eflaeTe!
— He-er... KaKoPi >Ke 3to o6efl? C^to aaBipaK... Shmhw...
Tyr cocefly npuHec/iM ce/iFiHKy. Oh nanMn ce6e nonnyK) rapenKy,
•nonepMnn KatiencKUM nepueM m CTa/i "xneSaTb... < neplelu - pepper: ecTb
"•BeflHFira... — npoflon>Kan y>KacaTbCfl cjDpaHuys. — Mnn oh tonen n SeaHbiii (HecqacTHbiii)
He saMenaer CBoero onacHoro •coctohhuh, mjih oh flenaer see condition
3T0 •napoMHO... c 'uejibK) •caMoyOMMCTsa... B6>Ke mom, on purpose: with the intent: suicide
' 3HaM n MTO 'HaTKHycb 3flecb na laKyio KapiMHy, to
, ec.iH 6bi H 3Ha.i; BcrpeMy
« hm aa hto 6b< He npumen
ciofla! Mom nepBbi He 'BbiHocfiT TaKMx CLieH!» not for anything (in the world):

bear, endure

312 mpiicma deeHadifamb Fjiaed 11

Before you go on. decide whether you agree with the Frenchman's
conclusion about why the man was eating so much?

12. \pVliy did the Frenchman come up to the man?

13. WTiat did he say to him?

«»no-BiiflHMOMy, MenoBeK nHTejinnreHTHuti, Monofloi^... nonHUM evidently

CMJi... — flyMan oh, •rnHAH Ha cocefla. — BuTb MOMer, npuHocm r.iflaeTb= CMorpeTb
n6nb3y ceoeMy •OTeMecTBy... n •Becbwa bo3m6>kho, mto nMeer pdanHa: dqcHb
MonoflyKD ^Keny. flereki... Cypfl no ofle^t^e. oh flon^Ken 6uTb 6oraT,
flOBoneH... HO MTO Me 3acTaBJiHeT ero •pemaTbCfi na raKOM mar?... to bring himself to
M Hey>KenM oh ne Mor naCparb flpyroro •cn6co6a. mtoOu yMepexb? means, way
MepT 3HaeT. KaK flemeBO -ueHMTCfl >KM3Hb! M KaK 'HMaoK, value: low
•6ecMenoBeMeH a, ciiflFi sflecb m ne mah k HeMy Ha noMOuibl Buxb inhuman
MO^Kei, ero euie m6>kho •cnacTMl» save
riypKya pemtirenbHO Bcran n3-3a crona n nofloiuen k cocefly.
— riocnyLuaviTe. monsieur. — oCpaxkincfi oh k neMy tmxmm
ronocoM. — ne nweK) -MecTb Swrb 3HaK6M c BaMn. ho
fl honor
' leM He Menee. eepbre. n flpyr sauj... He Mory nn n saM noMOMb nevertheless
MBM-HnCyAb? BcnoMHure, bu ein,e Monoflu... y Bac JKena. fleni...
— f\ Bac He noHMMaio! — •3aM0Tan ronoBOM cocefl, 'Tapaina na shook: < rapaniHTb - to open widely
4)paHi4y3a rnasa.

14. Did the man agree that he was eating too much?
15. WTiat did the Frenchman see when he looked around?
— Ax, 3aMeM •CKpuTHMMajb. monsieur? Beflb n otjimmho BM>Ky! hide, conceal

Bu TaK MHoro eflwre, mto... xpyflHO ne •nofl03peBaTb... suspect

— Fl MHoro eM?! — yflUBMncfi cocefl. Fl?! •nonnoTe... Oh, no.
' KaK Me MHe ne ecTb ecnn . h c caMoro yrpa Hunero ne en? why shouldn't I eat
— Ho y>KacH0 mhopo eflMie!
Bbi

— fla Beflb He saM nnaikiTb! Hto bu 6ecnoK6MTecb? M BOBce h

' you don't ha\-e to pay
He MHoro eM! 'nornflflMxe. eM, Kax Bce! flypKya nornflflen BOKpyr nocMOTpitre
ce6Fi M y>KacHyncfi. rionoBue, 'TonKancb n 'Hanejafl flpyr na flpyra. < To.iKaTfaca — push and shove:
HOCMnn uenue ropu OnunoB... 3a cTonaMM cuflenn nKDflu n noeflann < Ha-ieraTb - to bump into
ropu CnnHOB, ceMry, MKpy... c xaKMM Me anneTMTOM n
•6eccTpaujneM, KaK m 6naroo6pa3HUM rocnoflMH. fearlessness

«0. crpana 'Hyflecl — flyMan flypKya. Buxoflfl H3 peciopana. — Mvno (pi. qyaeca) - miracle
He TonbKO KJiMMar. ho fla^e MenyflKn flenaioi y hmx Myfleca!
O CTpana, 'wyflHan crpana!" 1886 amazing

TIpuHmHoeo annemuma! mpucma mpundduamb 313

11-38 ndc.ie MTCHiiJi. PasbirpaiiTe CMTyauiiK).

1. riypKya pairoBapnBaex c Me.ioBeKOM e pecxopaHe.

2. He-aoBCK e pecxopaHe paccKasbieaeT csoeii jKCHe. mto npoM3omnd.
3. riypKya paccKaibieaex apyBbHM. mxo npoM30ui.id e pecxopane.

0B30PHME 3AAAHHH

^ Cxpy KTvpa npenJiojKeHifa

11-39 CocraBbTe npe.iojKeHH>i. YnoxpeoHxe npujiaraxejibHoe hjih Hapemie.

06pa3eu: nHxepecHo/HHxepecHbiii
JleKUHa ^ OHCHb iiHxepecHaa.
JleKijiifl (6bi.ia)

TaM ^ Ta.vi (6bi.io) OHCHb iiHxepecHO.

Mne ^ Mne (5bi.io) OHCHb nHxepecHO.

1. CKyHHO/CKyMHblil 2. eeceno/eecenbiii 3. BKycHo/BKycHbin 4. xd.ionHo/xojidnHbiM
BaM Odea Efla
On.xbM rioapyra Bee JleHb
rdcxH 3necb nupo^KM B KdMHaxe
Eordja

PairoBop

11-40 CnpocHTC II OTBCTbTe. 3anaiixe Bonpdcbi » oxBexbxe Ha HMX.

Cnpocume dpyea Omeembtne dpyey

1 . what he/she will eat for dinner that you will eat fish
2. if he/she is hungry that you are starved
3. what restaurant he/she wants to go to that you want to have Chinese food tonight
4. if he/she will eat meat and potatoes that you are a vegetarian
5. if he/she wants to eat chicken that you want a salad
6. what kind of sandwich he/she wants that you want a cheese sandwich
7. if he/she wants to go to a Japanese restaurant that you want to go to a Greek restaurant
8. if he/she likes spicy food that different people have different tastes

314 mpucma HembipHaditanib rjiaed 11

11-41 Mto Bbi OTBCTMTe? jUaMTC KaK MOXHO Sonbiue BapwaHTOB.

1. — IloMjieM cerdflHa BenepoM b pecTopan. 5. — Mto Ha oSen?

cerdjiHfl
2. — ^ rdnoAeH/rojioAHa KaK bohk. 6. — BKycHbiM Topx?
3. — ecTb canaT M KypMuy?
Tbi Syfleiiib 7. — Mcm 3Aecb Tax BKycHO naxHex?
4. — Mto ecxb Ha 3aBTpaK? HMMHMuy
xbi 5yfleiiib

HJIM OJiajIbM?

11-42 KojiJieKTMBHbiM paccKa3. npeacTaBbxe ce5e.

Bqepa BeqepoM Mbi peuiMJiM domtm b pecTOpan. (ITponojixaMTe)

IlHCbMO

11-43 HanwuieM BMCCTe.

1. A Russian magazine is having a competition for the best foreign recipe. Send them your favorite
recipe.
2. Your friends are opening a restaurant in Russia.

a. Help them think of a name.

b. Write an ad for the restaurant.

c. Compose the menu.

HxcHHe

MacjieHMua

MacneHMLia — oamh h3 caMbix flpesHMx flSbinecKnx pyccKnx

npasflHMKOB. flo 14-ro seKa pyccKne BcrpeHann HoBbiM rofl b Mapre.
A KOHue cfDeBpanR npasflHOBa/in MacneHnuy
b raK ohm —
•npoBOKajiM 3MMy n CTapbM ron. fla>Ke Korfla HoBbm rofl cjann saw off
BCTpenaTb b ceHTfl6pe, a noiOM b HHBape, MacneHnua ocTanacb.
riocne npuHHTHfl xpucTnaHCTBa stot npasflHUK 6bm •npnypoMeH timed
npaBocnaBHoPi uepKOBbio k Heflene nepefl » Bejit^KMM nocTOM Bo .
Lent
BpeMn MacjieHnubi neKyi 6jiMHbi, 6onbUJMe m Kpyrnbie, nox6>KMe Ha
cojiHue. MHorfla nepsbm 6nnH •nonyMaeTCH neKpacMBbiM, noTOMy turns out

MTO CKOBopofla eme •HeflocTaTOMHO •Harpenacb. Torfla roBopHT: insufficiently; heated up

riepsbiM 6jimh •komom. 3to Bbipa^KeHne CTano noroBopKoPi, KOTopan lump
osHaMaeT, mto b naMane Ka>Kfloro flena CbmaiOT •TpyflhOCTn, ho difficulties

noTOM Bce 6yfleT xopomo.

TIpuHmHoeo annemuma! mpucma nHmHddifamb 315

CJlOBAPb
Bbi aon'MUbi iHaTb 3th caoea.

H\ieHa cymecTBHTCvibHbie O^MUHaHT/ocJjMUHaHTKa waiter/waitress

dish na.ioMKM chopsticks

6j!K5zme saucer nepeoe first course (soup)

SoKan, proMKa wine glass Ha nepBoe for the first course
BereTapMaHeu/BerexapiiaHKa vegetarian noBap chef
BMJlKa fork nocyaa (sg. only) dishes

BTopde main course peuenr recipe

Ha BTopde for the main course CBCMa (cbcmm) candle

xilelHb po«:fleHMH birthday cKOBopdnica (cKOBopona) frying pan
em food coSbiTMe event
3aKycKa appetizer CTaKaH glass
Ha laKycKy for an appetizer xapejiKa plate
KaCTpKJ.lH pot cynoBaa rapenKa soup-plate, soup bowl

KyuMHapnaa KHwra cookbook xecTO dough

KyXHH kitchen; cuisine rpcTbe (cjiaflKoe, neccepx) dessert

jidxKa spoon Ha rpcTbe (na cnaflKoe, for dessert

MHCHHC opinion Ha neccepx)
nO-MOCMy MHCHHK) in my opinion MaMHMK teapot, tea kettle

HOBOcejTbe housewarming qauiKa cup

knife

HvieHa npH.iaraTejibHbie

BerexapHaHCKHH vegetarian
BKyCHbIM tasty
noTpacaiomMM great, incredible, fantastic

rjiarojibi

BapHTb/CBapHTb + MTO? to cook in water

racHTb/noracHTb to extinguish
rOTOBHTb/npHrOTOBHTb + MTO? to prepare, fix, make
flo6aBjiflTb/ao6aBHTb + mto? to add (to)
eCTb/CbeCTb + MTO? to eat
^apwTb/nonxapHTb + mto? tofiy
laBapMBaTb/iaBapHTb (Mail, ko^q) to make (brew) tea, coffee
3aBHCeTb + OT Mcro? to depend
"ja^KMraTb/iajKeMb + mto? to light, to start a fire
3acTaBJiflTb/3acTaBHTb + Kord? nenaTb mto? to make someone do something
KMneTb/iaKiineTb (intransitive) to he boiling I to come to a boil
KMnHTMTb/BCKMnflTMTb + MTO? to boil
MemaTb/cMemaTb. noNieiuaTb + mto? to stir, mix
HaKpblBaTb/HaKpWTb Ha ctoji to set the table
H aJi H BaT b/n a.i h t b to pour
OTJiHMaTbca ( impeif. only) + or Merd? mcm? to differ
naxnyTb/ianaxnyTb + mcm? to smell
nepeflaBaTb/nepenaTb + mto? KOMy? to pass, to hand over

316 nipucina tuecniHadifanib Fjiaed 11

nMTb/BbinMTb to drink
np66oBaTb/nonpd6oBaTb + hto? to taste

pe3aTb/Hape3aTb + mto? to slice, cut

caaHTbCH/cecTb (3a CTon) to take your seat (at the table)

CMnexb (3a ctojiom) to be seated (at the table)
TymHTb/noTyuiHTb + hto? to stew-

ySupaTb/yGpaxb (co CTona) to clear the table

ycTpanBaxb/ycTpdiiTb + mto? to organize, to arrange

MMCTHTb/nOMMCTHTb + MTO? to peel, to clean, to scrub

BbipameHifH

Bojibine He Mory. I can't eat any more. I am full.

ByjibTC KaK joMa! Make yourself at home.
3a same 3aop6Bbe. To your health.
KaK HaCMCT how about
(KyuiaiiTe) Ha snopoBbe. Eat and be healthy.
Ha BKyc H UBCT TOBapiimeii hct. To each his own. There is no accounting for tastes.

51 rd.TOTeH/ro.TOTHa. Tm hungry.
51 Hae.TCJi/Hae.iacb. Tmfull.
51 cbiT/cbiTa. Tm full.

Jono.iHHTe.ibHbiH c.iOBapb: e^i

3aBTpaK 06ea
aneubcnHOBbni cok orange juice MHneiiKa turkey
SCKOH bacon KapTdc})enb (KapTOiuKa) potatoes
BCTMiina ham Bapenaa KapTdiUKa boiled potatoes
:»capeHafl KapToiuKa hash brown potatoes KapTd4)enbHoe nrope mashed potatoes
or french fries ncMenaH KapTduiKa baked potatoes
K64)e/MaM/KaKao coffee teal cocoa,
I Kypima chicken
hot chocolate MSICO meat
MOjTOKO milk SapaHUHa lamb
onaabu, 6.TiiHbi fritters, pancakes roBHanna beef
CjThbkh ipl. only) cream {gen. pi. cjtmbok) CBHHHHa pork
TOCT (TOCTbl) toast Teji»THHa veal
HMMHMUa fried eggs pMC rice
pbi6a fish
cajiaT salad
BxopoM 3aBTpaK
5yTep5pdT sandwich
c MHCOM. c KondacoM, with meat, baloney
C CbipOM (luncheon meat), cheese

C.iaaKoe
K0H4)eTbi (ojiHa KOH4)eTa) candy
MopdxcHoe ice-cream
ncMCHbe cookie, cookies
niipdr pie
niipdjKHoe pastry
ndHMUK/ii doughnutIs
TOpT cake with icing
uiOKonan (sg. only) chocolate

npuHttiHoeo annemuma! mpucma ceMHadifantb 317

IlpiinpaBbi II cneuHH Oboiuh
ropMHua mustard aBOKaao (not declined) avocado
ManoHCB mayonnaise 6aK.ia:»caH|bi eggplantis
ojiMBKOBoe Niacno olive oil dpdKKoriH {not declined) broccoli
neplelu pepper rpii6|bi mushroomis
nerpymKa parsley KadaHKH (oaHH KadanldlK) squash
non-iMBKa sauce, gravy, dressing KanycTa cabbage
caxap sugar SpioccenbCKaa Brussels sprouts
CMCTaHa sour cream KpacHaa red cabbage
conb if.) salt UBCTHaH cauliflower
cdyc sauce, dressing KapTd4)enb (KapTduiKa) potatoes
TOMaxHbin cdyc ketchup jiyK onions
yKpon dill MOpKdBb (f.) carrots
yKcyc vinegar orypubi (onwH oryp|e|u) cucumbers: pickles
noMimdpIbi tomatoles
peniicKa radishes
cajiar lettuce, salad greens
CBCKJia beet

OpVKTbl COK
a5pnKdc|bi apricotis anejibCHHOBbiM orange
aHanac pineapple BMHorpanHbiM grape
ane.ibcuHlbi orangels OBOIUHdil vegetable,
ap5y3 watermelon TOMaXHblH tomato
5aHaH|bi bananals 4)pyKTdBbiii fruit
BHHorpan (sg. only) grapes apple
rpeHn4)pyT|bi grapefruit
Efla, KOTopaH nony.iapHa b AMCpiIKC
.

rpyuiM (O/iHa rpyiua) pears

melon (canteloupe, apaxHcoBoe Macjio peanut butter
honeydew) dH^jiiiTeKC steak

KMBH (not declined) kiwi fruit oyrepopd;! sandwich

JiawMlbi limels raMdyprep hamburger
JlHMOHlbl lemonis KapTdc|)e.ibHbie HMncbi potato chips

MaHro {not declined) mango KyKypysa corn

MaHiiapMHibi tangerinels KyKypysHbie xadnbH cornflakes or other

nepcMKiM peachesi nectarines dry cereal

cjiMBbi (onHa cjiMBa) plums MondMHbiH KOKxeiinb milkshake
hSjiokh (oHHd h6jioko) apples pdcTdii(|) roast beef
cnaaKaa dynoMKa Danish pastry
Pa3Hoe
xyHlelu tuna
h3k5m {sg. only) raisms
MacnMHbi olives
opex|M nutis
CeMCMKM sunflower seeds
MepHOCJlHB prune(s)
XpCH horseradish

318 ^ mpiicma GOceMnddifamb r.iaed 11

HEM Mbl YBAEKAEMCJI: CnOPT,
AMTEPATYPA, KMHO, MCKYCCTBO

R3blK B >K113HM
CnopT
Jlnxepaxypa
Kmho
HCKyCCTBO

foBopMTe npaeii/ibHo!
Expressing in order to

ynoTpeo-ieHne Macxiiu -mo ii -Hu6ydb

Review of negative constructions: hu- words
Real and unreal conditions

Ky/ibTypa
HMCHa. KOTopbie BHaex Becb Miip: xyj6:«cHiiKH KanduHCKuu,
McLieeim, Ulaed^i

Mcxdpiifl Poccnii ii CIIIA

mpucma deeMmnddifamb 319

fl3MK B :*:h3hh

^ CnopT
06paTifTe BHiiMaHMe!

Cjtobo «cnopT» ynoTpe6jiaeTC5i TOUbKO b ejiMHCTBeHHOM WMcne, HanpHNiep, «5I

MHoro 3aHiiMaiocb cndpTOM». KpoMe Tord, no-pyccKM roBopax «Bnji cn6pTa».
Korjia no-aHrnMMCKM roBOpax "What sports do you play?", no-pyccKM Md:«;HO
sanaxb Bonpdc «KaKMMM BMnaMM cndpxa bu 3aHiiMaexecb?» Fnardn Mrpaxb
ynoxpeSjiaexcH xdubKO, Korjia Mbi roBopMM o cnopxMBHbix wrpax: nrpaxb e cJiVTSdji,
5acKeT6dji, xokkcm.

KaKiie BMUbi cndpra nonyjiHpHu b Poccmm

CaMaa nonyjiapnafl cnopxMBHaa iirpa — (Jjyxddn. TaK b Pocchh Ha3biBaiox soccer.

A xox 4)yx6dji, b Koxdpbiii iirpaiox b AMepMKe, HasbiBaexca aMepuKaHCKMM cjDyxddn, ho oh
npaKXMMCCKM HeMSBecTCH B cxpane.
flpyraa nonynapnafl iirpa — xokkcm na
Jibjiy. YjKe b nexcxBC MHdrMe naqMHaiox

KaxaxbCfl Ha KOHbKax m Hrpaxb b xokkcm bo neope ndMa m b hcxckhx KOMannax cnopxMBHbix

KnydoB. .

^ rioHXM HCMSBecTHbi B PoccMM 6eMc6djTyCo4)x6dji^f^aK^5c? HC Iirpaiox B xonh^^

Hrpa B maxM axhiTcMMxaexca cndpxoM. He yflMBjifliixecb noaxoMy, Koraa na Bonpdc
«KaKMM cndpxoM Bbi 3at»fMaexecb?». BaiuM pyccKwe snaKOMbie oxBenaiox, mxo wrpaipx b
maxMaxbi. Bo BpcMJi neMniioHaxoB Miipa no uiaxMaxaM. poccpiiicKwe donenbmMK^j^^afeAHx^a
MrpOM c xaKMM MHxepecoM, c KaKWM aMepHKancKMe SojieubmnKM cxcahx ia"
>Ke
6acKex5djibHbiMM MaxnaMw.

12-1 IloroBopMM o ce5e. CnpocMxe apyr npyra. c

1. KaKMM cndpxoM Bbi aaHMMaexecb?
2. KaKHMH BMnaMM cndpxa Bbi 3aHMMa.nMCb b nexcxBe?
3. noHCMy Bbi SpdcMJiH 3aHiiMaxbCfl 3xhm cndpxoM?
4. KaKMC MaxMii Bbi niddHxe CMOxpexb?
5. ^T0 Bbi dd.xbuie jiiddMxe, CMOxpexb MaxH na cxaAwdne mjim no xeneBwsopy?

12-2 npoBCflnxe onpdc. y3HaMxe y xoBapMmeW no Kjiaccy, KaKMM cndpxoM ohm saHMMaroxca mjim
3aHMManMCb paHbiue? KaKMMM BMflaMM cndpxa 3aHHMaioxcfl mx npyihi, pojiMxenM?

12-3 CxaxbH. Bbi nMiiiexe cxaxbid una pyccKoii cxyneHMecKoii rasexbi o xom, KaKMMM sMjiaMM
cndpxa yBjXCKaioxcH b AMepiiKc. Odcymixe m nanMuiMxe n.naH cxaxbM.

320 mpucma deddifamb Fjiaed 12

 cocxasamie: copeBHOBamie contest, competition
+ y Kord?
BbiiirpbiBaTb/BbiiirpaTb to win
npoHrpbiBaxb/npoiirpaTb + KOMy? to lose, to be defeated
3aHHMaTb/3aHaTb nepBoe (BTopde. rpexbe) w piuce jirsi, { seconu, iniruf
NieCTO

NiaTM match
3a5iiBaTb/3a5uTb ron to score a goal
CbirpaTb BHHMbKD tn ptt/i
l\J in
^ZftU III n
Li tip
lie

CHCT
no6eja victory
oaep:*:iiBaTb/oaep>KaTb no5eay + Han kcm? to ^\^in a victory over someone
no6e>KaaTb/no5ejjiTb + Koro? to w in, defeat ( to beat)
nonyMaxb/no-iyMMTb sojioryio (cepedpaHyio, to receive a Qold ( silver bron'^e) medal
5p6H30ByK)) Niezia-ib

peKopa record
vcTaHaBiiiBaTb/ycTaHOBHTb peKopn to set a record
6iiTb/no6nTb pcKopa to break a record
OMKO {pi. OMKII. 2 OMKa. 5 omkob) point

Hama KONianaa Bbiiirpa.ia

Hy, MTO C.lbllllHO?

— Hama KOManaa BMepa Bbiiirpana.
— Pa3Be Sone.ibmnK/oo.ienbiuima?
Tbi
1. A question with pa3Be
— ^ To.ibKO 5oneK) 3a yHiiBepcHTexcKyio KONiaHay expresses surprise.

— KaKon 5bin cqex? 2. Jla Her means "Wo, on

—^
— A MHe
—
mto
cibiiuan/a.
mto mu
HM^ba.
cKa3a-iM.
Ha cxaaiidne.
Zla Hex. il 5bi.i/a
Sbi.ia
onflTb nponrpa-iii.
the contrary."
M
— PaHbuie HiiKoraa He
OHii BbnirpbiBa.xii.
— y Hdebin xpenep.
Hiix
— Ohh xpeHiipyioxcfl yxpa nd homm.c

12-4 KaK Bbi cKajKexe no-pyccKii? Haiixe pyccKnii 3KBiiBa-xeHx.

1 . The team has won.

2. The team has lost.
3. This team always loses.
4. Their team always wins.
5. The game ended in a draw.
6. I'm (not) a sports fan.

^eM Mbt yejieKdeMCM mpucma dedduamb odun 321

12-5 noroBopiiM o ce6e. CnpocMxe wpyr Apyra.

1. Bbi SonenbiuMK? 3a KaKyio KOMaHfly bli Sojieexe?

2. 3x3 KOMaHna oGumho BbiMrpbisaeT mjim npopirpbieaex?
3. Bbi Korfla-HM6yjib MrpauM b KOMaHjie? Bo hxo bbi MrpauM?
4. noMCMy .iromi So.ierox 3a KaKyio-xo KOManny?
5. Bbi nyNiaexe. mxo b yHiiBepciixexe HyxHbi cnopxHBHbie KONiaHflbi?

12-6 Box xaKan ciixyamifl. Pa3birpaMxe.

1 . Your favorite team has lost a game. Complain that the coach didn't do a good job and the
players didn't play well.
2. Your favorite team has won. Praise them for how well they played and what a wonderful
coach they have.

12-7 Bbi cnopxHBHbiH oSospeBaxejib na xejieBMneHMM. ITpuroxoBbxecb npoHMxaxb Bcnyx

HOBOCxii cndpxa.

Hoeocmu cnopnia.
rasema «3Kcnpecc» coo6iudem:
y Koro MEHAJiEii BontniE?
T Ha 3MMHeM ojiMMnnajte ABCxpnsi •BbipBanacb •Buepea no HMcny tore: ahead
Meaaneii, •onepenMB FepMaHMio. overcoming

T K KOHuy luecxdro hha copeBHOBanMH aBCxpnilcKaa KOManna

•3aBoeBajia 12 MeaaneM, na ^bc 66iibme,hcm repMaHMa. Bwnrpajia

T y KONiaHUbi PocciiH — 9 Menaneii. Ha wexBepxoM Mecxe

c mecxbK) MeflajiHMii — HopBenia.

Fasema «MocK6ecKue H6eocmu» coodiudem:

KoMaHjia, •BoarnaBnaeMaa mockobckmm xpenepoM BopncoM maea (head)

ManopoBbiM, Bbiwrpajia xoKKeMHbiii qeMnwoHax OMHnHHflMM.
KaniixaH Hanieii 4>yx6dabHOH •cddpHoii KweBJiaHMH AneKceii cSopHaa KOManna
MMxaiinMCHKO b npouinoM cesdne dbin qeMnwdHOM MxaniiH, b
HbiHeiuHeM cxan qeMnndHOM IlIoxjiaHiiMM.

«KocMMMecKMM 'npHryH)) c •iiiecxdM Cepreii By6Ka M3 JHoHCUKa npwraxb {to jump); pole
pa6dxaex no KOHxpaKxy b onndM m3 hcmcukhx KJiySoB.

322 mpiicma dGadiiamt doa Fjiaed 12

12-8 3aMeTKii o cndpxe.

1. Koraa Bbi MMTaexe o cndpxe, KaKyio iiHcjDopMamiK) bli oxwaaexe nonyMMXb?

2. Bbicxpo npocMoxpMxe saMexKM m CKa:acMxe, o KaxMx BMflax cndpxa macx peMb.
3. HpoMMxaMxe ojiuy m3 saxiexoK m paccKa:«;Mxe o hcm b Kjiacce.

I}t] oboctm TeHHMCa

HanpH^KeHHarOM ^"'^^ ^^^^^^ PoccuPiCKuPi TeHHucMCT EereHMPi

KacjDe/ibHMKOB cxaji nepBWM Ha
Me>KflyHapoflHOM lypHupe b CaHKT-
nerepOypre. B c|DMHa;ie oh Bbinrpa/i
y cjDpaHuyaa fi/iPioMa Pay co CHeroM
6:2, 6:2.

"KoMcoMonbCKan npaBfla»,
Mapr 1 995

^H3Hb B cnopxe, cnopx b %h3hu

8 MioHa Becb Miip 3a6ojieeT. 3a6ojieeT
6one3HbK», OT KoropoM euie He waiiAeHO „poBenHO,epeu2e;-"J;eMe«V
bp«3
neKapcTB. aa m hc nmyx mx mcamkm, raK ,
-3aKOHMHnc»Ma«E
KaK OTJIMMHO OOHMMaiOT, MTO HMKaKOFO e6opHB,MH B^r":;JrpoKOMMeHT„poBan
Bpena «3nMfleMM3» He opMHecex. Cxopee
h"^''''e:™"6r'HrpanpoxoaM.aBO
«t<:™
Hao6opoT: ona homoxct juohhm Sbitl b HTorBCTpeMH. , 5u nonpocHJ.
xopouieM HacxpoeHMM. Ha3BaHHe 3tom
5ojie3HM —
-
4)yT5oji, a roMHee, MeMnMonaT
Mwpa no 4>yT6ony. CTapTyromiiii coBceM
CKopo B MTanMM.
"BenepHSia MocKea», mou 1990

HeM MM yejieKdcMCH mpucma deddifantb mpu 323

12-9 CopcBHOBaHiifl no npu^Kavi c uiecTOM. npoMHTaMxe 3aMeTKy npo «KOCMMHecKoro
npbiryHa» Ceprea BySKy. HaMflMxe OTBCTbi na cjieayiomMe eonpdcbi.

1 . How many times has Sergej Bubka broken

the world record for pole vaulting?
2. What kind of prize did he receive for
his last jump?
3. Who was Bob Beamon? W"POBOfi p,
4. What happened to Sergej Bubka at the
Olympic games in Barcelona? fOpml
KOBAJIEHKn

"P-'«Kax c »
„,ecrov, „

'^'^^
Ceprefl ! ^""'POB.

""coraa „e ™^"o.
sag,,,

^""'^^ B TOM. '^^''°«

.roe!,'""'"'-

"-^Pne. „a O^^^J'^" "P"ry„

12-10 flonojiHiixejibHoe 3aiiaHHe nocjie qreHUii. nepeBeanre amy ii3 saMeroK (12-8,
12-9) Ha aHrnuHCKHR asuk co cjioBapevi.

324 ^ mpiicma deadifainb nembipe Fjiaoa 12

^ JlHTepaxypa

12-11 Mto MMxaeT MOCKoecKasi MOJiOflejKb? IlpoMMTaMTe saMCTKy m HawAWTe OTBCTbi Ha

cneayiomMe Bonpdcbi.

1. KaK aBTop ysHan o tom, hto HMxacT MonoAe:«;b? 4. IloMeMy nonynapHa BmShmh?
2. noHCMy nonynapcH poMan BynraKoea? 5. IIoqeMy nonynapeH poMan «BoMHa m MMp»?
3. noMCMy nonyjiapeH «ApxMneiiar rynar»?

BKyc K jiMTepaxype y mockobckom MOJione^ii no-npejKHCiviy ecTb

KoHcxaHTMH KeapoB

CouMOJiorMMCCKMM onpoc Monoae:acM Mockbu o xom, mxo ona

npeflnoMMxaex Hwxaxb, npoBefleHHbm HMM khmfm (Hay^HO-HCC/iejiOBa-
xejibCKHH MHCXMxyx khmfm), noKasan necKonbKO Heo:«;MAaHHbie pesynbxaxbi.
CaMbiii nonynapHbiM m3 BcexpoMaHOB —
«Macxep m MaprapMxa»
BynraKOBa. Ha BxopoM Mecxe —
«ApxMnenar ryjiar» Con ^en mum Ha, na
xpexbCM —
«BM5nM5i». Ha MexBepxoM —
«BoMHa m MMp» Toncxdro.
B cnwcKe caMbix nioSMMbix khmf nex flexeKXMBHO-KpMMUHanbHOM
JiMxepaxypbi, KOxopoM nonHbi Bce KHMiacHbie hoxkm m -npHnaBKM. 3xo counters

3HaMMX, MXO BepAMKXbl O naflCHMM 'HpaBCXBeHHOCXM M •flyXOBHOM morality; spiritual

nerpaflauMM namero dSmecxBa, Koxopbie mm cumuimm co Bcex cxopon,

CHMIIIKOM CXporW.
PoManxMMecKMM poMan «Macxep m MaprapMxa» 6jim3ok MononoMy
HenoBeKy. Mdnoflocxb poManxMMHa.
Mnxepec k AOKyMeHxanbHOMy MCcneAOBaHMio AjieKcanapa McaeBMMa
ConxeHMUbiHa roBopMx o xom, mxo MonoAe«;b :4cejiaex snaxb npaBjiy m ne
HaMcpena •oxBopaniiBaxbca ox -KpoBaBbix cxpaHMu cobcxckom wcxdpMM. turn away; bloody
He Hy»cflaexca b KOMMeHxapwHX wnxepec Monoflbix nioAeM k Bm5iimm.
ndcne ceMMflecjixM nex axeMCXMHecKoM nponaranflbi Mbi see paBHd
ocxanMCb •nacneAHMKaMM MyAeo-xpMCXMaHCKOM xpaflMUMM Bexxoro m »
heirs; Old and New
HdBoro 3aBexa . Testament
JlioddBb K poMany «BoMHa m MMp» —
3to cBMflexenbcxBo xopdiuero
jiMxepaxypHoro BKyca. 3xy KHMry Toncxdro Md:«:HO Ha3Baxb BwdjiMeM
pyccKOM MHxeniiMreHU,MM flByx BeKdB.
«M3BecxMa», 9. IX. 93

EcjiM Bbi jii65Mxe roBopMXb o jiMxepaxype nySnMUMCXMKa nonfiction

paccKas short story
aBTo6Morpa(|3MH autobiography
npMKJiioqeHMecKMii paccKa3 adventure story
6Morpa(J)HH biography
poMaH novel
aeTeKTPiB mystery, thriller
HayMHaH 4>aHTacxMKa science fiction
CTHXH, CTOXOTBOpCHHe poem
xyflOJKecTBeHHaH nwxepaxypa fiction
ndBecTb (f.) novella
no33M$i poetry

HeM MM yejiehdeMcn mpucma deddifamb nnmb 325

 .

12-12 OocvyKaeHiie. ripoBeaHxe cboh onpoc.

KaK Bbi jyNiaeTe: ecnii 5bi sbi nposejiM onpdc «^to HiiTaex aNiepHKaHCKasi MOJiofle5Kb»,
KaKIie OTBCTbl Bbl 5bl no.iyMMJiM?

12-13 BoT TaKaa ciiTvamiJi. Hto bw ceiiMac HiiTaexe? PaccKa^KHje, hto bm HiiTaexe hhm
MHTa-iH HenaBHO.

KHHra. KOTdpvK) a miTaio, HaibiBaexcH... 3to poNian (paccKa3. noBecTb). jKanp: (aexeKTiiB.
HavHHasi 4)aHTacTHKa, 6Horpa4)nsi. nySnnuifCTiiKa). ZleHCTBne npoiicxdaiiT (rne/Korna: b
Hauie BpeNia). (b 19-m BeKe, b Haqane 20-ro BCKa. b 50-bie rdau 20-oro BCKa. b cpejHiie BCKa.
b apeBHiie BpeMCHa). PeMb imeT o HamiHaexcfl c Tord. hto...: EiaBHbm repdii/r.iaBHaa
repoHHH. . . . KHHra KOHHaexcfl tcm, mto. .

06T>$icHHTe. noHCMy KHiira BaM noHpaBH.iacb imM ne noHpaBH.iacb.

ntb vs. Ha3bl3dmbCH

PyccKHe 3KBHBa.ieHTbi aHrjTMHCKoro to be called 3to rnardnbi aeaTb h HaBbieaTbCii.

3BaTb ynoTped.iaeTca. Korna mu roBopiiM o nvSnsix im\i JKHBdTHbix.
KaK Bac 30ByT? KaK bobvt eamy cooaKv?
y niOjeH H *^HBdTHbIX CCTb HMH.

Ha3biBaTbC5i ynoTpeS-iflCTCfl. Koraa peqb uneT o KHiirax. (Jiii.ibMax. ropoaax h x.a.

KaK Ha3biBaeTc« 3tot rdpoa? KaK Ha3biBaeTCfl KHiira?

KHurii. 4)H.ibMbi. ropoaa iiNieRDx Ha3BaHHe.

^ Khho
KlfHO
— BaM 3BOHHn/a secb Beqep.
51

— Hac He Mbi
dbi.io adsia. xoaiLiH KMHd.
c JleHoii b
— ^^o CMorpenH?
— 3to coBceM HdBafl KapriiHa.
— KaK Ha3biBaeTcsi?
— Ha3BaHHe h3 raioBu. Ceiiqac BcnoMHK).
Bbi.ieTe.io
— Hy H KaK?
nOTpflCaK)lUHe apTHCTbl, HO OMCHb MHOrO H KpOBM. HaCHJlHSI
— B KOHue Bce y6HBaR3T apyr apyra.
— npdcTO He Nfor/Mona CNiOTpexb na 3KpaH.
51

— 3aHeNj }Ke Bbi noiii.iH?

— B rasexe 6bina peuensHsi, mto 3to nyMuiHH cJ)H.ibM rdja.
— Oh npeMHK) na
no-iyMH.-T Kannax.
(})ecTHBaiie b
— CHHMii dqeHb MSBecTHbiii
pe^^MCcep.

326 ^ mpucma deddifanib luecntb Fjiaed 12

EC.III Bbl .lIOOilTe rOBOpHTb O KIIHO npHK.lK)MeHMeCKHH 4)lI.lbM adventure movie

BecrepH western
xyndxecTBeHHbiii 4)HJibM feature film
cJjH.ibM CHJTT (cnenaH) the movie is
jereKTHB mystery
KONieaiis comedy no KHiire based on a book
MynbT4)HnbM cartoon
4)HnbM yxacoB horror movie

napdjHfl + Ha mto? parody 3KpaHH3amiH + qero? the screen

CHTiipa version (of a

satire
KapTima novel, storv. etc.)
())n.ib.\i. movie
aoKysieHTiibHUH 4)HjibM documentary
HavMHO-nonynflpHbiM educational

Te.iCBiiiiiOHHbie nepejanii

BUKTopi'ma game show

aoKysieHTa-ibHafl apaxia docudrama
Kana.! channel
HOBOCTH nCMS
nepKsaaMa program
NiyibiKa-ibHaa nef)eaaqa
nepeaana o Kyjibxype. 06 HCKyccTBe
nepeaaqa o npnpdae
cnopTHBHafl nepeaana
no.iMTHMecKafl ziiicKyccHa
peKnasia commercial
cepiian mini-series

12-14 Hto Bbl CMOTpe.iH? PaccKa:«;HTe o 4)M'"'Me. KOTopbiii bm neaaBHO BHaenii.

He 3a5ynbTe ynoMSHyrb:
1. 3to aMepiiKaHCKnii (|)n-ibM hum MHocTpaHHUH?
2. KaKOH ^SLHp 4)HnbMa?
3. Kto pei*ciiccep? Kaxne eiue (JjiLibMbi ou/i cHUMli/a?
4. KaKiie apxncTbi iirpaiOT rnasHbie pd.iii ?

5. Fae nponcx6anT aencTBiie?

6. C Herd (J)H-ibM HaqHHaeTca?
7. MeM OH KOHHaeTCfl?
8. KaKde BneMaT.ieHiie (})HnbM npoH3Be.i na sac?

12-15 ripoBejHTe onpdc. Onpocnxe KaK Md»:Ho dd.ibiue nioaeii.

1. KaKue (|)n.ibMbi (KaKdii >KaHp) ohu .iK56aT? noqeNiy?

2. Kto hx .nooMMbin pe:*:jiccep? noMeMV?
3. Kto mx .iioSHMbiM apTMCT/.iK)5riMa$i apTHCTKa? FIoqeMy?
4. KaKi'ie Te.TeBH3iidHHbie nepeaaqn ohh cMOTpsT? IIoiieMy?

HeM Mbt ye.iehdeMCM mpitcma deddiiantb ceMb 327

 rii^CbMO B MypHa/1 «TB»
Hto cnyMMJiocb c TenenporpaMMaMM?
Mbl C XeHOM BCK) XM3Hb paSOTaHM, M y HaC He 5binO BpeMCHM CMOTpCTb
TeneBM3op. A ceftMac BpeMa ecxb, ho nymue 5bi ero ne SbiJio. Ha 3KpaHe
BceTOa ceKC, HacMJiwe, CKyMHbie pasroBOpbi o nonMxiiKe mjim BiiKTopMHbi.
A xenepb eme noasMJiMCb peKnaMbi. JXn^i Koro 3tm nepeaaMM? Meiviy ohm
yqax? MHTepBbio c nonMXMKaMM noKasbieaiOT, mto ohm caMM ne snaiOT,
Hero xoTflT. SaMCM no TeneBM3opy? A (|)MnbMbi?!
ymt Torfla Bbicxynaxb
5l3biK B HMX xaKOM, MTO M cnyiuaTb He xoHexca. A mto ecnn mx CMOxpaT
flexM? TojibKO M ocxaexcfl cMoxpexb cJjyxSonbHbie MaxMw.

BbiBiuMe spMxejiM xeneBMSMOHHbix nepeaaq

H.M. M B.B. riocnenoBbi.
2op. TaMdoe

12-16 Otbct Ha nMCbMo. Bbi pa56xaexe b oxacjic hmccm xeneBMSMOHHOM cxy^MM.

OxBexbxe na 3xo nMCbMO.

12-17 AiviepMKaHCKoe TB. Bbi b Poccmm. BaiuM pyccKMe apysbn (ohm HMKoraa hc Sbinw b
AMepMKe) ayiviaiox, mxo no aMepMKaHCKOMy xejieBM^eHMio Bcerjja noKasbiBaiox
saivieMaxejibHbie nepeaaMM. 4xo Bbi mm cKa:acexe?

HCKyCCTBO

!%MBOnMCb

^paHuysbi OTKpbieaiOT 3iiHaMj^y CepeSpHKoey

B poccMMCKOM nocojTbcxBc B IlapM^e npOXOAMX BbicxaBKa

yHMKajibHoro coSpanwa KapxMH, Koxopoe j\o cmx nop ocxaBanocb
HeM3BeCXHblM lUMpOKOM HySnHKC.
BnepBbie jjeMOHCxpMpyioxca 6onee 100 nopxpexoB. naxiopMopxoB,
neM3a>Ke{i m oSnaxeHHoii naxypbi, HanMcannbix 3aMeMaxejTbH0M
poccMMCKOM xyAoxHMueM 3MHaMnoM CepeSpHKOBOM (1884-1967). riocne
ee cMepxM nojioxHa xpanMiiMCb b ITapMJKe y ee flexcM,
3x0 (|)aKXMMecKM nepBaa nepconajibHasi BbicxaBKa xyjio:acHMUbi bo
OpaHUMM, rae ona npo>KM.na 40 jiex. Ona noxoponena na pyccKOM
KJiafl6Mme b CeHX-^^eneBbeB-ae-Bya. IlocjieaHMM pa3 Cepe6pflK0Ba
BbicxaBJifiJiacb BMecxe c apyrMMM xynoxHMKaMM b riapM^^e b 1938 rony.

«M3BecxM5i», 28 Mapxa 1995 roaa

328 mpucma daddifamb eoceMb Fjiaed 12

12-18 rioroBopiiM o5 iiCKyccxBe. B Hanane XX Bexa e Poccmm Smjio mhofo saMeMaxenbHbix
xyn6>KHHK0B. CefiMac Bti cM6>KeTe npoMMxaTb o rpex m3 hmx. 3to BacMiiMM KaHUMHCKMw, KasMMMp
ManeBMM ii MapK LQaran. npoMMTawTe o5 oahom m3 3tmx xyfl6:«;HMK0B h paccKa^^wre o hcm b xnacce.

BacMJiMM KaHjiMHCKiiM. PomiJicH B MocKse B 1866 roay, yMcp bo OpaHUMii b 1944 roay. KaHnHHCKwii 6h\n

OflHHM M3 nepBbix xyfl6:»cHMKOB-a6cTpaKUMOHMCTOB. Oh yMMJiCH b MRSHxene, b FepMaHMM. B 1903-1907 roaax

nyTeiiiecTBOBa.n no CeeepHOM AcJjpMKe. MxanHM h OpaHUMii. B 1910 rony Hanan nMcaxb nepBbie aScrpaKTHbie
KOMno3Mmni. B 1915 rojiy BepHynca b MocKBy. ripiiHMMaii yMacTiie b opraHM3aunH My3eH :>KMBonMCHOM
Kyjibxypbi ( 1919) m MHCTHxyra xyfld»:ecTBeHHOM Ky.ibTypbi (1920). C 1921 rona ymun b FepMaHHH, c 1922 no 1933
npenonaBaji b 3HaMeHMT0M uikojic nwsaMHa, Kordpaji nasbiBajiacb Bayxays. C 1933 roaa xmji b riapM^Ke. OnHa
M3 OCHOBHblX TeOpCTHMeCKHX paSOT KaHUHHCKOrO «0 nyXOBHOM B MCKyCCTBe».

Ka3MMup MajieBiiH. Ponnnca b 1878 roay neflajieKO ox KncBa, yNiep b 1935 roay b JleHMHipaae. B 1895-1896
roflax ymijicfli b Kmcbckom PMCOBajibHoii uikojic, b 1904-1910 roflax b Mockobckom yMMJiMme XMBonncM,
CKyjibnrypbi n apxHreKTypbi. B 1919 rofly OTKpbmacb nepBaa nepconanbHaa BbicraBKa MajiCBMMa. C 1923 no 1926
rofl pyKOBoznli JTeHUHrpaacKUM nHCXHTyroM xyno^ecxBeHHoii Kyjibxypbi. B 1927 rony esnmi e Bapmasy m
Bep.xMH c nepcoHaxbHoii BbicxaBKoii. OcHOBnaji xeopexMnecKaa paSoxa: «Ox KySibvia k cynpeMaxM3My».

^ rvnPFMATiiiM
CynPEMATM3M (or nax. supremus - HaMBbicuiMii). Pa3H0BPijiH0CXb aScrpaKXHoro MCxyccxBa:
conexaHiie npocxeMiiiMx OKpameHHbix reoMexpMMecKiix (J^nryp (KBaapax, Kpyr, xpeyrdnbHMK).
[CoBexcKwii BHUMKHoneflMMecKMM cnoBapb, 1987, cxp. 1292]

KBa;ipax
o Kpyr xpeyrojibHHK

MapK lUaraji. MapK Illaraji ojimh m3 caMwx msbccxhux b Mwpe xyfld«:HMKOB 20 BeKa. Mnorfla erd
Ha3biBaK)x pyccKMM xyfld>KHMKOM, MHorna eBpencKHM, MHorna cj^panuyscKnM. Kxo :»ce oh dbiJi? MapK

SaxapoBitM Illaran poflMxca 6 hkSjih 1887 rdna b BwxeScKe b Schhom CBpeMCKOM ccMbe. B nexcxBC oh nonyHMJi
xpanMuiidHHoe eBpeiicKoe o6pa30BaHMe. a b xpiiHanuaxb nex nocxynnji b xpexwii KJiacc pyccKoil mKdjibi. B 3xo
BpcMH OH MeMxaji cxaxb xo ncBuoM, xo CKpMnaqdM. xo xanudpoM, xo noixoM. 3HMdM 1906-1907 rdna lUaran
noexaji b Ilexepdypr ymixbcfl ;4CHBonMCM. Oh CKdpo ndHHji, mxo oh hc MOJKex ymixbca y flpyrwx xyAd:)KHMKOB.
«H 6bLx nxoxHM yqeHHKdM eme b uiKdne, — niican oh b aBxo6Morpa(|)MM «Mofl :>KM3Hb», — a Mor cneaoBaxb
xdjibKO CBoeviy MHCxiiHKxy. M lUKdjibHaa xedpwH jina mchh HMMcrd He 3HaMMiia». M3 Ilexepdypra Illaran

yexaji b IlapMiK. B 1912 rofly oh Bnepsue npMHMMaex yqacxMC b xyfld^ecxseHHoii BbicxaBKC Occhhhm Cajidn.
B 1914 rofly Illaran Bepnynca b BmxcSck, m b 3xo BpcMa Hananacb IlepBaa MiipoBaa BOMHa. TdnbKO a 1923
rony oh cMor Bepnyxbca bo OpanuMK), rne m acnji no KOHua cbocm >kh3hh. B 1933 rony b nauHCxcKOM
FepMaHMM nydxMMHO >Kr.aM KapxMHbi Illarana. Oh
ouhmm m3 nepsbix xynd^^cHMKOB, MbM KapxwHbi dbijiw
6bin
yHMMxojKeHbi c})aiiJMCxaMM. KaK npMMcp xaK Ha3biBaeMoro «flereHepaxMBHoro MCKyccxBa». Ildcjie Bxopdw
MMpoBdM BOMHbi Illara.n cxan BcewMpHO M3BecxHbiM xyfldjKHMKOM. Oh pacnwcbiBaex uepKBM, CMHardrn m
xeaxpbi BO MHorMX ropoaax MMpa. Cpenw hmx 3flaHMe Onepbi b IlapMxe m «MexpondjiMxeH-dnepa» a
nHHKOjibHOBCKOM ucHxpc B HbK)-MdpKe. lUaraji yviep 28 Niapxa 1985 rdna. ne hojkmb nayx nex no ceoerd
cxonexMa.

HeM Mbi yejieKdeMCR ntpucma deddifamb deasimb 329

12-19 B KaKOM roay? npoMMTawTe ecnyx.

1. Mockbc b 1866
BacMJiMM KaHUPiHCKHii pofliinca b rojiy.

2. B 1903-1907 ronax oh nyTemecTBOBan.

3. B 1915 rony KaHHWHCKMM eepHynca b MocKBy.
4. C 1921 no 1933 ron oh :«:mi b FepMaHMM.
5. C 1933 rona KanjiMHCKifH jkmh b napM»:e.
6. KaHflMHCKMH yMep bo OpanuMM b 1944 rofly.
7. Ka3MMMp ManeBMM poflMJica b 1878 rony m yiviep b 1935 roay.
8. MapK Ulara.n poflMnca 6 mkSjih 1887 rdjia.
9. 3mm6h 1906-1907 rdna lUaran yKun b nexepSypre.
10. B 1914 rony Illaraji npnexan h3 IlapMiKa b BhtcSck.
11. B 1923 rofly Illaraji Bepnyjica bo OpaHUMK).
12. lUaraji yMep 28 Mapxa 1985 rdfla.

Hjih Bauiero CBCfleHMfl

Byflbxe Be^JiMBbiMH. TaK roBopax pyccKwe.

• KaK BbipasMTb CBoe MHeHwe.
B Ka:»moM aibiKe ecxb cjiOBa m Bbipa^^eHim, KOTopbie qacxo ynoxpeSnaioxcH b
flMCKyccHH M.nii BO BpCMfl flOK.nafla. Box KopdxKMM comcok xekmx cjiob h Bbipa^cenHH,
xwnHMHbix una pyccKoro asbiKa:

BO-nepBbix in the first place

BO-BTOpbix in the second place
B-TpCTbMX in the third place
B 3aKjiiOHeHife n xony CKaaaxb I want to conclude by saying
H xaK aajiee etc.
iMHe Ka>Kexc5i it seems to me
Md>KHO CKaaaxb, mxo one can say
HanpiiMep for example
no-MOCMy in my opinion
no Moeiwy MHeHMio in my opinion
no MHeHMK) aBxopa according to the author
npuBcay (npiiBecxM) npniviep I'll give (you) an example
npiiBcay (npHBCCxn) uiixaxy J will quote
H nyMaio I think, believe
H CMiixaio I think, believe
H (ne) coi jiaceH/corjiacHa c kcm/c hcm I (don't) agree with

330 mpiicma mpudifanw Fjiaed 12

rOBOPHTE nPABHJlbHO!

Expressing in order to

In the following sentences, note that the subject in the main clause is the performer of the
action denoted by the infinitive in the HToObi-clause.

H Miyqaio pyccKMW a3biK, mtoSw cxaxb I'm taking Russian so I can become
nepeedflmiKOM. interpreter.
Bee Mbi paSoTacM, htoSbi ^kmtb. We all work so we can live.

Jlo^MCb cnaxb nopanbiiie, mtoSbi Go to bed early so you can get a

xopoiud BbicnaTbCH. good night's sleep.

12-20 OepeBOfl. JXiuTQ aHrnMMCKMe 3KBMBaiieHTbi.

1. Ohm 6ynyT yMMXbca mtoOu xopomd roBopMXb no-pyccKM.

b Poccmm,
2. H M3yqaK) pyccKMii asmk, htoSm cxaxb nepeBOjiMMKOM.
3. Hto HaM HyiacHO cflenaxb, mtoSm xopomd nayMMTbca roBopMXb no-pyccKw?
4. 51 nepecen/a no5jTM:»ce k BKpany, MTd5bi nyHiue enaeTb.
5. HToObi xopomd BbiyMMTb MHOcxpaHHbiM asbiK, Hy»:HO sannMaxbCH Kiyn^nbm flCHb.

12-21 SaKOHMMTC npeajiojKeHMH. flawxe kslk MdvKHO Sdnbme BapwaRxoB.

Odpaseu: HyxHO xopomo noflroxoBMXbCH.

,

MtoSw cflaxb 3K3aMeHbi, Hy^HO xopomd noflroTOBHTbca.

1. -, Hy:«;HO Kynwxb OBomw.

2. Hy:«;HO 3Haxb pyccKwii asbiK.
3. naflo MMexb BM3y m nacnopx.
4. Hy:«;HO 3aHMMaxbCfl cndpxoM.
5. -, Hajio nyxemecxBOBaxb no Mwpy.

IlocTapaiiTecb ne aaSbixb!

MxdSbi-clauses are often used after verbs of motion to indicate the purpose of the
motion. An infinitive is used after mtoSw when the subject of the verb in the main
clause is the performer of the action denoted by the verb in the MToSbi-clauses.

Mbi npwmnM, mtoSm noSjiaro^apHTb We came over to thank you for the
Bac 3a qynecHbie UBexb'i. magnificent flowers.
MapK noexa.n b a3pondpx, MToObi Mark went to the airport to meet
BCTpeTMTb KaxiiHy MaMy. Katya's mother

mm iTH nomna b Ka4)exepiiii,

ToSbi He roTOBMTb oSefl jjoMa.
Katya went to the cafeteria so she
wouldn't have to fix dinner at home.

MeM Mbi yGJieKdeMCR mpucma mpudifanib odun SSI

 .

12-22 IlepeBOfl m anajiMS. JXime aHrjiMMCKMe BKBMBaneHXbi m noayMaiiTe. Why is mtoSbi

+ infinitive used in the left-hand column and mtoSbi + a past-tense verb used in the right-
hand column?

1. Oh npMmen, htoSbi noMOMb HaM. Oh npMuiejT, htoSm mm eMy noMorjiM.

2. Ahh no3BOHMiia, mtoSm CKaaaxb naM, Ahh no3BOHMna, htoSm mu eii CKaaajiM,
MTO Sbino Ha co6paHMM. HTO 6bino Ha co5paHMM.
3. Ona B3fljia cjiOBapb, MToSbi nepeeecTM paccKa3. Mbi npMHecjTM cnoBapb, htoSm xbi
nepeeejia paccKa3.
4. Oh Kynnxb xjieSa.
noiiien b MarasMH, HToObi Oh npocMH, HT66bi Ilexa Kynnji xne6.
5. Ona saHMMaexcfl cndpxoM, htoSw 6biTb Ona xdnex, MT65bi aoHb saHMiviajiacb
SAOpOBOM. cndpxoM.

12-23 3aMeM bm 3to aejiaexe? SaKOHHMxe npefljioxeHWH. flawxe KaK mo^iho Sdnbuie
BapManxoB.

06pa3eu: 9{ B3fln/a nenbrM, htoSbi KynMTb npojiyKTbi.

1. ^ AaM BaM flCHbrM, Mxddbi Bbi... 6. Mbi 3aHMMaeMC5i cndpxoM, Mxddbi...

2. ^ yny pyccKMM fl3biK, Mxddbi... 7. 51BaM 3BOHMn/a, Mxddbi bbi...
3. Mbi npMUjnM oopaHbuie, Mxddbi... 8. FoBopMxe MeflneHHee, qxddbi Bce...
4. ^ xoMy KynMXb 3xy KHwry, Mxddbi... 9. Ham npenonaBaxenb roBopMx MefljieHHo,
5. Mbi flann xede jieHbrM, Hxddbi xbi. . MXddbl Mbi...

^ ynoxpeSjiCHHe Hacxiii; -mo h -Hudydt

The specific particle -to and non-specific particle -HMSyflb are used with the following
pronouns, adjectives, and adverbs.

KTO-TO KaK-TO KTO-HMSyflb KaK-HM6yAb

mt6-to KaKoii-To HTd-HM5yj?b KaKdu-HM6yjib
rae-To noMCMy-TO rfle-HM6yab noneiviy-HMSyflb
Kyaa-To Kyfla-HM6yflb

The particle -to is used most often in declarative sentences with present and past-tense
verbs to indicate the existence of an already known but not named kto, Koraa, Ky^a, etc.
The particle -HM5ynb is used most often in questions to establish the existence of a
certain kto, Korna, Kyaa,etc. Compare the sentences below.

KTO-HMSyflb npwxoflMn, Kor^a Menn ne 5bino? Kt6-to npMxoflwn, Kor^a xe6fl ne dbijio.
Did anyone come by while I was out? Someone came by while you were out.
Ohm KyAa-Hu6yAb enyx nexoM? Ohm Kyna-TO eflyx nexoM.
Are they going anywhere this summer? They're going somewhere this summer.
Bbi Koraa-HM6yjib «miim b Poccmm? Ohm Korfla-TO »:miim b Poccmm.
Have you ever lived (Did you ever live) At one time they lived in Russia.
in Russia?
KaxH Kyniina KaKMe-HM6yAb ndBbie khmfm? Ohm KynMHM KaKwe-TO ndBbie khmfm.
Did Katya buy any new books? They bought some new books.

332 mpucma mpudi4amb dea Fjiaed 12

 The particle -HiiSynb is also used with imperatives and future tense in reference to a
non-specific kto, Korna. etc.

51 Kor:ia-Hii5yab paccKa»^y Te6e 06 3tom. Someday I'll tell you about this.

Echm KT0-Hii5yjb nosBOHiix. CKa^ii. ^^o If anyone (someone) calls, say

91 BepHycb K ceMii qacaM. III he hack hy seven.
Koraa 6yny b Mockbc. a Kvn.iK) Te6e I'll buy you some souvenirs
KaKHe-Hii6yjib cyBeHiipbi. when I'm in Moscow.

PaccKa:»cM Havi HTo-HiiSyab o cbocm Tell us something about your trip

nyTemecTBini no CpenHeii A3mm. through Central Asia.
EcjiM Tbi noHeMy-Hii5yab ne CMd»:emb If you can't come for some reason
npMMTM, n03B0HH MHC BCMCpOM. or other, give me a call tonight.

Do not use the particle -Hii6yab or -to in negative constructions.

— Oh HTO-HiiSyab CKasari? ''Did he say anything?"

— Hex. OH Hiinero He CKaaaji. "No, he didn't say anything."

12-24 JXiine nono^iiTe.ibHbie 11 oTpiiuaTe.ibHbie OTBCTbi.

Odpaseu: — Bbi rae-Hii5yab Sbi.iii Bnepa? ^ — Ha. rje-xo

vibi SbLiii.
— Hex, Mbi Hiirne hc 6bijiM.

1. Bbi Kyna-Hit5yab eijunn b Bbixoanue anw?

2. Bbi ceilqac nnxaexe qxd-Hn5yab imxepecHoe?
3. Bbi c HMMM o MeM-HH5yab roBopiiaM BMepa BenepoM?
4. Bbi Mx6-Hii5yab 3Haexe o pyccKon noanxHKe?
5. CerdaHfl b ra3exax ecxb Mx6-Hii5yab 06 3Koa6rnH?
6. Bbi KOviy-HnSyab 3B0Hnaii BHepa?
7. Bbi c KeM-HM6yab BCxpeMajiiicb na npdinnoii neaeae?
8. Bbi Mx6-HM6yab MMxaaw o pyccKwx xyad«:HMKax?

12-25 Box xaKafl ciixyamia. Pa3birpanxe. Ynoxpednxe mo- nan -Hu6ydb.

1. You're bored and trying to think of something to do. Your friend suggests that you listen

to some music.
2. You've met the person somewhere, but you can't remember where. Your friend is trying
to help you remember.
3. You're going to the library to get a book. Your friend has just finished reading something
interesting.
4. Your friend is very excited and says that he/she is going to tell you something strange.
You are eager to hear about it.

5. Your parents are going somewhere for summer vacation, but you can't remember where.
6. You have heard the name of the film director but you can't remember what movies he/she
has made. Your friend isn't sure either.

7. Some team has won the World Cup (Ky5oK Mwpa no (J)yx5oay) and you want to find out
what team it was.

HeM Mbi yejieKdeMCH mpucma mpuduamb mpu 333

 8. When you were driving to school in the morning, something happened on the road and
you were late. Tell your friend about it.

9. Someone has mentioned to you that there is a new exhibit at the museum. All you
remember is that it is some Russian artist.
10. There is a new movie playing but you forgot the name. Your friend remembers.
11. You hope that one day you'll be able to travel all over the world. Your friend wants to
know where you would like to go and why.
12. Your new friend reminds you of someone and you're trying to remember who it was.
13. You're trying to find something to wear to a party. Your friend is trying to help.
14. You need any kind of job for the summer because you need some money. Your friend is

giving you advice.

15. You're afraid of something, but you're not sure of what.

^ Review of negative constructions: hm- words

HIIKTO - HIIMTO HiiKaKoil - (HiiKaKa». HiiKaKoe. HiiKaKiie)

Hnrae - HiiKvja HllKaK
HiiKoraa

nocxapaHTecb ne 3a6biTb!
1 . The verb with Hn-\wrds
in sentences is always preceded by the negative particle He.
^ HHKaK He Mory npmlTH saBTpa. There's no way I can be there tomorrow.
JlexoM Mbi HiiKvaa ne eaeM. We're not i^oing anywhere this summer.

2. There may be more than one hm-myvJ in a sentence. In neutral word order.
HM-words are placed before the verb.
Tbi HiiKoraa HNKvaa ne xdanmb. You never go anywhere.
HHKOMy HMMerd He roBopn oo 3tom. Don't say a word to anyone about this.

The negative pronouns hiikto, hiimto and the negative adjective HiiKaKOii (HiiKaKoe, HiiKaKaa,
HHKaKiie) decline in all cases.

N HIIKTO HIIMTd HHKaKdu HHKaKde HHKaKaji HiiKaKiie N

A HHKord HiiMerd NorG HHKaKyio NorG A
G HHKord HMMerd HMKaKdro HiiKaKdii HHKaKHX G
P Hll KOM HII HCM HH KaKdM HII KaKdM HM O KaKMX D
D HlIKOMy HllMCMy HMKaKONiy HiiKaKon HIIKaKHM P
I HllKeXI HMMeM HUKaKMM HIlKaKOH HIlKaKHMM I

334 mpucma mpuduamb nembipe Fjiaed 12

 When used with prepositions, declinable "HM-words are spelled as three separate
words:
Hh y Koro Hei 3toh KHiirM. Nobody has that book.
Hii Ha KaKiie Bonpdcbi He oxBeqaH! Don't answer any questions!
9{ Hii Ha Koro He cep^Kvcb. I'm not angry with anyone.
In spoken Russian, the nominative form hhmto is replaced by the genitive form
HHHero.
CerdnHfl MHe HHMcro He HpaBHTca. / don't like anything today, i Nothing
pleases me today.
BaM HHHero ne noMOJKeT. Nothing will help you. / Nothing's
going to help you.

12-26 CKa>KHTe no-pyccKH, ^aiiTe pyccKiie 3KBHBa.ieHTbi.

1. She never thanks anyone for anything. (6.iaroflapMTb Kord 3a mto)

2. They never help anyone. (noMoraxb KOMy)
3. Iam not counting on anyone. (naaeHTbCfl na Kord)
4. He is not interested in anything. (iiHTepecoBaTbCH hcm)
5. I didn't say anything to anyone. (cKasaxb KOMv)
6. 1 anyone about this.
didn't speak to (rOBOpHTb c kcm)
7. We never go anyw here without them. (xoaiiTb Kyaa)
8. Nina never calls anyone on the phone. (3B0HHTb KOMV)
9. We will never buy anything at that store. (KyniiTb qjo)
10. She doesn't know anything about any of them. (3HaTb ^TO o kom)

12-27 O ce6e. PaccKa^Kirre. qerd bu HHKorna ne ne-iaexe. JUairre, no KpailHeii Niepe, narb npMMepoB.

06pa3eu. H HHKoraa ne viKHHaio nocie aecaxH.

^ Real and unreal conditions

In both Russian and English it is possible to speak about real and unreal or contrary-to-fact
conditions. A real condition is a statement of fact and refers to something that could actually
take place. In Russian, statements of real conditions are introduced by the conjunction ecjiH.
The verb in such statements can be in the present, past, or future tense.

If you're bored, go home. Ec.iH xede CKvqHO. hjh aoNidii.

If I find out something. I'll give you a call. Ec.iH a HTd-Hiidyab y3Haio. a xeSe noiBOHio.
If Mark buys tickets, we'll go to the concert. EciH MapK KynnT dii.ieTbi. mbi noiue.M
Ha KOHUepT.
If I'm running late. I usually take a taxi. Ec.iH fl ona3abiBaK). a odb'mHO 5epy raKcii.
If you were so bored, whx didn't you say something? EciH Te6e obi.io ckvmho. noMesiy xbi Himerd
He CKa3a.i/a?

'^e.M Mhi ye.iehdeMcsi mpucma mpudiiamb nnmb 335

An unreal or contrary-to-fact condition is a statement about something that might have taken
place but didn't, or something that might take place, but probably won't. In Russian, statements
of unreal conditions are introduced by the conjunction ec.in and the conditional particle 5bi. The
conditional particle 6bi is also used in the second part of the sentence. The verbs in both parts of
the sentence are in the past tense form. In rapid speech 5bi may be shortened to 6.

EcHH 6bi a Bce 3Han/a, a 6bi xeSe paccKasan/a. If I had known everything, I would' ve told you.
Ec.iH 6 a Bce 3Hli/a. a 6 xeSe paccKa3an/a.

If we had been bored, we would have gone home. EcjiM 5bi HaM 6buio CKyHHO, mm
(But we weren't bored.) 5bl nOUIJIH flOMOM.

If I had found out something, I would have given Ecjiii 6bi a HT6-HM6ynb y3Haji/a, a 6m
you a call. (But I didn't learn anything.) Te6e no3BOHMji/a.
If Mark could buy tickets, we would go to EcjiM 6bi MapK CMor KvnMTb SwneTbi, mu
the concert. (But it's unlikely that he will.) 5bi nouijiM Ha KOHuepT.

If I were late. I would take a taxi. (But I'm not late.) Ec.iM 5bi H ona3ZibiBaji/a, a 5bi B3}iJi/a xaKCM.

If I were tired, I'd tell you. (But I'm not tired.) EcjTM 6bi a ycxaji/a, « 5bi xeSe CKa3aji/a.

SanoMHHxe!

If I were you Ha eauiCM (xeoeivi) mcctc

Ha XBOCM Mecxe a 5bi noexajia / would go traveling

nyxemecxBOBaxb.

12-28 EcjiM/ec.iii 6bi. KaK sbi CKaxexe no-aHrnMiiCKM?

1. EcHM nonyny jxeubrn, « Kynnro yqeSHUKM cerdnHH yme.

a
2. EcjiM 6bi y MCHH SbLXM ncHbrH, a 6bi KynMn/a yneSHMKH.
3. EcjiM a yBM:»cy npocjieccopa, a c hmm noroBopro.
4. Ec.iM 6bi a yBiine.i/a npocJ)eccopa. a 6bi c hum noroBopMJi/a.
5. Ec.iM Syaex cdjiHCMHO. mbi noezieM 3a ropon.
6. EcjiM 5bi 5bino cdnHCMHo, mu noexajin 6bi 3a ropon.
7. EcHM dyncM CBo6diiHbi JiexoM, mm noencM nyxemecxBOBaxb.
Mbi
8. EcjiH 6bi MM 6m.ih cBoddnHM jiexoM, mm noexa^xH 6bi nyxeuiecxBOBaxb.
9. EcjiM a Haiifly cxaxbK) o pyccKOM .iHxepaxype, a xede ee naM.
10. EcHM 5bi a Haiiien/Haiiina cxaxbK) o pyccKoii nMxepaxype, a 6m xe6e ee aaji/a.

12-29 Ecjiii 6bi... BbidepHxe xe Bonpdcbi, na Koxdpbie bm xoxMxe oxsexMXb.

1. O MCM BM nMcajTM, ecjiM 6bi bm 6bmM nwcaxeneM?

5bi

2. KaKMc 6m bm CHMManM 4)MnbMbi, cchm 6bi bm 6m.ih pe*;MccepoM?

3. KaKiie pdnn bm 6bi xoxemi wrpaxb, ecjiM 6bi bm 6MnM apxMcxoM/apxMCXKoM?
4. O MCM BM 6bi nncliH cxaxbw, ecjiM 6bi bm 6m.th JKypnajiMcxoM?

336 mpucma mpudifamb luecmb rjiaed 12

KyjiLxypA

NcTOpilfl POCCMM II ClllA

12-30 PyccKaa mctopmh. npocMOTpMTe xaSnMuy. HaMflMxe OTBexbi na Bonpdcbi nepcA

Kayajiom ceKUMew xcKCTa. CnpocHxe Apyr Apyra.

The words in boldface are on pages 345-46.

1. Kxo 5bm nocneflHMM pyccKMM MMnepaxopoM?

2. Korna Hananacb ITepBafl MMpoeaa BowHa?
3. Kxo 3axBaxMji b Poccmm Bnacxb b HoaSpe 1917 rdfla?
4. Koraa SbiJi o5pa3dBaH Cobcxckhm Cok53?
5. B KaKOM roAy CxanwH npMiuen k BJiacxM?

PyccKaM ucmopusi AMepuKdHCKttsi ucmopusi

IlpaBneHMe nocnenHero poccMMCKoro

MMnepaxopa HMKOnaa II. 1914 rofl —
HaMajio IlepBOH mmpobom bomhu. KoHrpecc oSi^hbiIji BoMny FepMaHMM.
3axBaT BjiacTM b Poccmm SonbuiesMKaMM bo
rnaBe c BnaflMMMpoM MnbMMOM JTeHMHbiM HoaSpb
(YnbflHOBbiM). YcTaHOBjieHMe xoxajiMxapHOM ^ 1917
BJiacxM, Koxdpafl o^jMUManbHO Ha3biBanacb
«HMKxaxypa npoiiexapMaxa».

OOpaaoeaHMe CoBexcKoro Corosa. m\922

CiviepTb JleHMHa. 1 1924

ripMxdfl K BnacxM MdcMcJ^a 1 1926

BMCcapMdHOBMMa CxanMHa (JH:«:yraiiiBMJiM).

1927 Mapiib3 JTMHfldepr coBepuiMJi

nepBbiM 6ecnocajiOHHbiM
oflMHdMHbiM nepenex m3 Hbio-MdpKa
B IlapM>K.

1929 Kpax 6iip%M. HaMano «BejiMKOM

AenpeccMM».

HCM Mbl yGJlCKdeMCH mpucma mpudi^amb ceMb 337

 6. noMCMy Poccmm norMSnw MMnjiMOHbi iiioneM?
B 30-bie rdnbi b
7. Koraa Hananacb Bropaji MMpoBaa BoiiHa?
8. Korna BTopaa viiipoBaa BoiiHa Hananacb njifl CoBCTCKoro Corosa?
9. Koraa OHa laKOHHn.iacb?
10. Koraa b Pocchh npasflHyioT ncHb noSeflbi?
11. B KaKOM rofly yMep CTajiwH?

PyccKQH ucmopuH AMepuKdHCKUH ucmopun

rdflbi MaccoBoro reppopa. apecxoB. 30-bie rdnbi

MMJiJiMOHbi JTiofleH SbijiM noca^cHbi

B TropbMbi. coc.iaHbi B jiarepH b ChSmpm m

Ha ceBepe Pocchh. Flo jaHHbiM 1932 JleMOKpax OpaHK.XHH J\. Py3Be.xbx
aNiepHKaHCKoro HCxdpHKa Podepxa 5bi.x M36paH xpnauaxb BxopbiM
KoHKBHCxa 3a 3XM rdabi noriiSjio 20 npe3MfleHX0M CoenMHeHHbix UIxaxoB.
MMJT.XMdHOB HCJIOBeK.
B 3XH )Ke rdabi npoBdanxca KOJineKXMBHsauMH
— KpecTb«H 3acxaB.xflK)x Bcxynaxb b mxxdibi
(KO.l.ieKXHBHOe X03flHCXB0). Bo BpCMfl
K0JTIieKXHBM3aUMM MMnHMdHbl KpeCTbflH
noniO.iii ox ro.ioja.

Bxopaa MHpoBaa Boiina. jH.xa CoBexcKoro 1939-1945 IT.

CoK53a OHa naMaaacb 22 hrdhs 1941 rdna. rdabi

Koraa HCMeuKHe BoiicKa nepem.xM BxopoM
coBexcKyio rpaHHuy. B CCCP nonyMMJia .VHipOBOH
Ha3BaHHe Bcthkom OxenecxBeHHOH bohhu. BOHHW.
Boiina 3aKdHMHnacb b Mae 1945 rdaa
nodenoH CoBcxcKoro CoK53a h coi63hiikob 1941 m 1 acKadpfl 5IndHHfl Hanana
(CUIA. Ahfjimh. OpaHUMH). B Pocchh Ha nep.x-Xapdop. h b 3xox jkc aenb
acHb no5eabi npasaHvexcH 9 Mas. KoHrpecc oOTjaeiLi BoiiHy 5IndHHM.

2 anpe.xfl yMep npe3HneHx

1945 m OpaHK.XHH Jl. Py3Be.xbx.
npe3HaeHX0M cxan BHue-npe3MfleHX
FappH TpyM3H.

1945 m 7 Mafl FepMaHHA noflnncaaa

KanHxy.xauHK).

14 aBxycxa. ndc.xe xord KaK

1945 m aMepHKanubi cdpdcH.iH axoMHbie
ddNidbi Ha andncKHe ropona
XnpocMMa M HaracaKH. ilndnnsi
KaniiTVJiMpoea.ia.

338 npucma mpuduamb GOce.Mb Fjiaed 12

 PyccKOJi ucmdpuM AMepuKOHCKasi ucmdpu.t

1950-53 BoiiHa B Kopee.

1952 m Pecny6nnKaHeu ZlyaiiT 3ii3eHxayep

CTa.1 npe3iiaeHTOM.

1952 ^ BepxoBHbiii Cya euHec HCTopHwecKoe

pemcHne no ae.iy «BpayH npoTiie
lUKd.ibHoro coBexa rdpoaa ToneKa»,
conacHO KOToposiy pacoBaa
cerperamia b rocyaapCTBeHHbix lUKonax
oGTjHB.lfl.iaCb BHe BBKOHa.

CMepTb Cra-inHa. ^ 1953

12. B KaKiie rdabi Xpymee Sbi.i bo nase CCCP?

13. KaKiie cooutiiji npoiiiom.in b 3th rdabi?
14. rioneMy pyccKiie BoiicKa boiii.im b MexocnoBaKnio b 1968 roay?
15. Korja HaHa.ica acTaHx Me:^ay CCCP ii CLQA?
16. Koraa k B.iacrii npiime.i FopdaqeB?
17. Koraa na.iii KOMMyHiicxiiMecKiie npaBiije.ibCTBa b BocTdHHon EBpdne?

PyccKQJi ucmdpii.i AMepuKaHCKQH ucmopui

HiiKiiTa CeprecBiiq XpymeB cran IlepBbiM
ceKperapeM LleHTpaibHoro KoMiiTeja
KoMMyHiicTrmecKoii napTini CoBCTCKoro
Coid3a (UK KnCC). B 1956 roay Ha20-M
CT»e3je KoMMyHiiCTJiqecKOH napruM
CoBCTCKoro CoK33a Xp} iueB BbiCTymur
c peqbK) npdriiB CraiiiHa n CTaniiHii3Ma.
no-iiiTiiqecKiie 3aK.iiOMeHHbie HaManii
BbixoaifTb 113 .larepeii. HacT^Tuina
«6TTene.ib» — Bpe.\ifl Sdnbiiieii

noniiTiiMecKoil CBoddabi.
B KOHue 1956 rdaa coBexcKiie BoiicKa
:«:ecTdKO nojaeH.iii aHTHKOMMyHncTi'mecKoe
BoccxaHiie b BcHrpiiH. 1957 roa 3anycK —
nepBoro MCKyccTBCHHoro cnvTHiiKa bc.m.ih.
1960 roa —
no.iej b kocmoc lOpiia farapnHa J,;*:oH O. KeHHean nodeaM.i
— nepBbiil B iicTopiin mi.iOTnpyeMbiM Ha Bbidopax ii CTa.T 35-biM
KOCMiiMecKiiil no.ier. npe3naeHT0M CLUA.
Oh 5bi.i nepBbiM KaTd.iMKO.M,
H35paHHbiM Ha nocT npe3iueHTa.

HeM Mbi yGJiehdeMCH mpucma mpudifamb deeHmb 339

 PyccKOJi ucmopun AMepuKaHCKua. ucmopuR

1961 AjiaH Illenapa cxan nepBbiM

aMepwKaHueM, no5biBaBiiiMM e kocmocc.

1
1962 ^ JItkou EneHH CTaji nepsbiM
aMepHKaHucM. coeepiiiMBiiiMM
OpGMXaJlbHblM KOCMMMeCKMM nOJlCT.

1963 m 22 HoaSpa b flanjiace (Texac) 6bm y6MT

XpymcB 6biJi Bbmy^jieH 1964

yiiTM B OTCTaBKy.

JTeoHMfl M.ibMM Bpe>KHeB craii 1964-1975 BoiiHa BO BbexHaMC.

FeHepa.HbHbiM ceKpexapeM UeHxpajibHoro
KOMMxexa KoMMyHMCXMMecKOH napxMM
CoBexcKoro Coroia.
B 1968 rojiy Bpe^KHCB npMKasaji 1968 18 flHBapfl B MeM4)Mce (TeHHeccw)
BBCCXll BOilCKa B MeXOC.lOBaKMK). Mxd5bi 6bi.x y6MX MapxiiH Jlroxep Kmhf.
noAaBHTb flCMOKpaxMHecKoe jyBnjueHvie. 5 iiKDHH B Jloc-AHn:»cejxece
(KajiM4)dpHMfl) 6biJi y6MT P66epx
KeHHCilH
1969 Hmh ApMCxpoHr M 3jiBMH OnnpMH
cxaxiM nepBbiMM niojibMM, cxynMBUiMMii
Ha noeepxHOCTb JlyHU.

B 1972 rojxy Bpe^cHCB BCxpexMncn 1972 B BauiMHrxoHCKOM oxene

BMocKBC c npe3MneHX0M Hmkcohom. B «yoxepreMX», uiTaS-KBapxiipe
3xa BcxpcMa Sbuia HaqajioM JHeMOKpaxiiMecKoii napxiiii. 5bi.in
aexaHxa ueyKjiy CCCP m CLUA. ndMiviaHbi «yoxeprei1xcKMe
Bpe>KHeB yMep b 1982 roay. B3Jl6MmMKM». Pa3pa3UBUII1MCfl
nocne 3xoro «yoxepreHXCKHM-
CKaHziajT» npMBen k xoMy, mxo
B asrycxe 1974 r. npesMjieHx P. Hmkcoh
SblJI BblHy^KflCH yMXM B OTCXaBKy.

npe3MfleHX0M cxan JH:«;epajifl Oopa.

340 mpucma copoK Fjiaed 12

18. Korja nepecra.! cyiuecTBoeaTb Cobctckhh CokSi?
19. Korja GuBiiiiie pecrryS-inKii CCCP cranH M.ieHaMH OOH?

PyccKa.i ucmdpu.i AMepuKaHCKQ-i ucmdpu.i

MHxaH.i CepreeBHM FopGaneB era.!

riepBUM ceKpexapeM Komm\ HucniMecKOH
napTHH CoBCTCKoro Coraia. Oh noBe.i
no.iimiKv Ha ynyqmeHne OTHomeHHii
c 3anaaHoi1 EBpdnoii n CIUA. IIpH nes!
npoHioui.id oc.ia6.ieHMe no-iimiqecKoro
KOHTpo.ifl Haa CTpaHasiH Boctohhoh
EBjx5nbi n Hapdaa.Mn CoBCTCKoro CoK53a.

CrpaHbi BocTOHHoii EBponu crariH m 1988-89

HeiaBHcnMbiMii ot CoBCTCKoro Corosa.
KoMMyHHcmiHecKMe npasHTenbCTBa
B BocTOMHoif EBpone na.iM.

HeyjaMHaa nonwTKa soeHHoro nepeeopora m 23.vni.1991

(nvTMa) B MocKBe. ITpeiHaeHTOM Pocchh
CTaHOBHTCJI BopHC HHKO.iaeBHM E.lbUHH.
Oh o6'b)iBif.i KOMNiyHHCTHMecKyio napriiK)
BHe laKona.

CCCP nepecraeT cymecTBOBaTfa. BbiBUiHe ^ 31.xn.l991

pecnyS.iMKii CoBexcKoro CoK53a
CraHOBflTCH HeiaBHCHMblMH
cyBepeHHbiMH rocyaapcTBaMH.

Bmbuihc pecnyS.iHKH CCCP craHOBsiTCfl 1992 ^ CIIIA H apynie lanajHwe rocvaapcrsa

no.iHonpaBHbiMif q.ieHa.MH OOH. npH3HaK5T cyBepeHHOCTb GbiBiuiix
pecny5.iHK CCCP ii ycTaHaB.iiiBaioT
C HHMH JHILlONiaTHHeCKHe OTHOIUeHIIH.

^e.M Mbi yejieKde.MCH mpucma cdpoK oduH 341

12-31 McTopiifl AviepMKM. Bamii pyccKMe npyihi npdcjiT Bac paccKasaxb 06 MCTopwH
AMepiiKH. Bbi Hciudeme donojiHumejibtiyro uHCpopMaifUfo e paddneii mempddu.

1. AMepwKa B ceMHaOTaTOM bckc.

2. AMCpMKa B ZjeBHTHaZIUaTOM BCKe.
3. AMepMKa b HaMane flBajmaxoro ecKa.
4. AMepMKa b mecTMHecaxbie ronti.
5. AMepMKa b ceMMnec^Tbie m BocbMMaecHTbie rdabi.

12-32 McTopiiK) KaKoii cxpaHbi Bbi xopouio 3Haexe?

1. KaKMe nflxb Ba>KHbix co5bixMM b McxopMM 3XOM cxpaHbi Bbi Hasoeexe?

2. KaKMe nvSjxw 6binM caMbiMM Ba«;HbiMM b MCxdpMM 3xom cxpaHbi?

12-33 JJoKjian. rioflroxoBbxe BbicxynneHwe b Kjiacce.

1. floKjian no pyccKOM McxdpMM. PaccKa«;Hxe 06 oaHOM h3 nepHO^iOB pyccKOH HcxdpHH.

2. floKJiaji no pyccKoii nMxepaxype. ripiiroxoBbxe xiOKJia^ o pyccKOM nncaxejie.
3. /l,OK.iaa no McxdpwM cxpanbi. Koxdpaa sac MHxepecyex.

4. BMorpacJ)Mfl[ M3BecxHoro MejiOBCKa.

342 mpucma copoK dea Fjiaed

CJlOBAPb

Bbi floii:acHbi 3HaTb 3tm cjiobe.

HMeua cyiuecTBHTejibHbie

apxMCT (apxMCTKa) actor (actress)

SOJlCjlblUHK/HUa sports fan
BCK century
BoiiHa war
BneMaTJieHiie impression
npon3BOHMTb/npoM3BecTM BncMaxneHMe to make an impression
repoii/repoMHfl character (in a book, play, movie)
rjiaBHbiii repdii main character (male)
rjiaBHafl repowHH main character (female)
fleiiCTBMe action
»;MBonMCb (f.)
painting (as art form)
saMCTKa small newspaper article
3pMTenb viewer, spectator
MHTeJlJlMreHUMH educated, cultured people
MHTepec + K MCMy? interest in something
MCKyCCTBO art
MCcneAOBaHwe research
KapxMHa picture
uroSoBb + K MCNiy? love foriof something
MaXM match, game
MOJlOflCJKb (f.)
young people
MOnOflOCTb (f.)
youth (time of life)
B MOHOflOCTM in one' s youth
HacMJiMe violence
o6pa30BaHne education
66mecTB0 society
onpdc survey, public opinion poll
npOBouMTb/npoBCCTM onpdc to survey, to conduct a poll
nepenana TV or radio program
npaBna truth

npM3 prize
pexMccep movie (theater) director
peKjiaMa commercial
peueH3Ma (book, movie) review
pojib (f.)
role

rnaBHaa ponb the main role

nrpaTb rjiaBHyio pojib to play the main role

CXaTbH newspaper article

4)aHTacTMKa fantastic stories

HayMHaa 4)aHTacTMKa science fiction
xynd^HHK artist, painter
3KpaH screen

HeM Mbi yejieKdeMCR mpucma copoK mpu 343

npMJiaraTejibHbie

poor
flOKyMCHTaHbHblM documentary
MSBCCTHblii famous
Hay4H0-MCCJTefl0BaTenbCKMM research
HeojKMAaHHbiii sudden
ndnHbiM full
nonyjiapHbiM popular
pOMaHTMMeCKMM romantic
cxporMM strict

TeneBMSMOHHblM TV
xyAd:«;ecTBeHHbiM artistic

Fjiarojibi

6ojieTb + 3a Koro? (imperf. only) to root for

BCnOMMHaXb/BCnOMHMTb + MTO? to recollect

BbiHrpbiBaxb/BbmrpaTb + y Koro? mto? to win

KOHMaXbCH/KOHMMTbCfl + MCM? to end
Ha3biBaTbCfl to be called
HaMHHaxbca/HaMaTbCH + c nero? to start, begin with something
Hy:»CAaTbCfl + b mcm? to need
oStHCHHTb/oStflCHMTb + KOMy HTO? to explain
npennoMMxaTb/npejinoHecTb to prefer
npOBOAMTb/npOBeCTM + MTO? to conduct
npoHrpbiBaxb/npoHrpaTb + KOMy? mto? to lose a game
+ 3a kcm/mcm?
cjieflHTb to follow

CHMMaTb/CHHTb ((JjMJIbM) to film, to shoot a movie

yGnBaxb/ySHTb + Kor6?/MTO? to kill

HapeMHH

3aMeM what for

COBCCM completely

Bbipa>KeHUfl

BbiJiexaTb/BbijieTexb m3 rojiOBU to forget

neiiCTBMe npoMcxoAMx the action takes place
B Hame BpcMH at present
B 50-bie roAbi in the fifties
B cpenHwe BCKa in the middle ages
npeBHMe BpcMeHa
B in ancient times
Ha BxopoM (nepBOM, xpexbCM) Mecxe in the second (first, third) place
HaMepcH/a someone intends
HaMMHaexcfl c xord, mxo... it starts with...
KOHMaeXCH XCM. MTO... it ends with...
peMb MAeX O + KOM? MCM? it talks about/deals with a topic
c yxpa mo HOMH from morning till night
(pM-ObM CHHT no poMaHy. The movie is based on a novel.
Mxo C/IbllUHO? What' s new?

344 mpucma copoh ^fembipe Fjiaed 12

 s

Special vocabulary for history reading (The first OnpMMHMHa Ivan the Terrible'
half of the text is in chapter 12 of the Workbook.) army
OTMeHa abolition
stock market
OTHOmeHMH relations
SwTBa battle
OTCTaBKa retirement
6oHpMH (6oflpbiHH, Soflpe) Russian nobleman
OTCTynjieHMe retreat
BflOBa widow
OTxenenb thaw
BSJIOMIIIMK burglar
nepcBopoT coup
BJiaCTb power
nncMH ipl. nueMena) tribe
BOMHa war
noSena victory
BOJIH will, freedom
nOBCpXHOCTb surface
BOCCTaHMe rebellion
noKymeHMe assassination
raeaHb harbor
attempt
rojiofl hunger
none field
rpy3 cargo
nonpasKa amendment
flaHb tribute
nopa^ccHMe defeat
movement
TepneTb/noTepnexb to suffer defeat
flpCBJlflHe a Slavic tribe
nopaxcHMe
saKJiiOMeHHbiii prisoner
npaeneHMe rule, goverment
SaKOH law
npecTOJi throne
BHC saKOHa lawless
npiicoeflMHeHiie annexation
sanycK launching
np63BMme nickname
saxBax seizure
npocBeTMxejib philosopher of the
3eMnfl earth, land
Enlightenment
MFC yoke
(18th c. France)
McnbixaHMe test, testing
paScTBO slavery
KHHrWHfl princess
CMepxb death
KH5I3b ipl. KHH3bH) prince
cok53hmk ally
Kpax collapse
CyBepCHHOCTb sovereignty
KpeCTbaHMH peasant
CTje3A congress
jiarepb camp (here: prison
yHMMTo:»ceHMe destruction
camp)
ynpaBJieHwe governing
o6pa30BaHMe formation
ycTaHoeneHiie establishment
OKpyr district
MJieH member
OOH (OpraHM3auMa UN uiTa5-KBapTMpa headquarters
OStenMHeHHux HauMw)

FjiaroJibi

3aBepuiaTbCfl/3aBepiiiMTbca to complete
3aBoeBbiBaTb/3aBoeBaTb to conquer
3anpeiuaTb/3anpeTHTb to forbid

3axBaTbiBaTb/3axBaTMTb to seize

M36paTb(/>W/7e7/. M36MpaTb) to elect

Ka3HMTb to execute
KanMTyn npoBaxb to capitulate

Hananaxb/HanacTb to attack

HacTynaxb/HacTyniiTb to advance (military term)

o5T>enMHHTb/o6T3enMHMTb to unite

06l.flBIIHTb/05T>flBMTb to declare
OCHOBaXb to found

OTMeHHTb/OTMeHMTb to abolish

HeM MM yGJieKdcMcn mpucma copoK nxmb 345

nacTb to fall, collapse

no6eaMTb (impeif. no6e>KnaTb) to win

norii6HyTb (impeif. nornSaTb) to die ( Tragically)

nonaB.HHTb /nonaewTb to suppress

nonBepraTbca/nonBeprHyTbCH to be exposed, to undergo
noanMCbiBaxb/noAnMcaTb to sign

noompHTb to encourage
npaBHTb to govern
npa3flHOBaTb to celebrate

npiiBJieKaTb/npMBjieMb to attract

npiiKa3biBaTb/npnKa3aTb to order
paspaiHTbCH flare up
CMCHMTb to take over
coBepmaTb/coBepuiMTb to commit
co3flaBaTb/co3flaTb to create
cocnaTb (impeif. ccbiJiaxb) to exile

cyiuecTBOBaTb to exist

ynacTbCfl to succeed

npii.iaraxe.ibHbie

SecnocaflOMHbiii non-stop
Bapa^cKMM (BaparM) Varangian
BepxoBHbiii supreme
rpaxaaHCKHM civil

JKeCTOKHn cruel
KpenOCTHOM self
KpenocTHoe npaso seifdom
HajidroBbiii tax
HaiidroBoe o6jio:»ceHMe tax assessment
HapdnHbiii people's, folk
HeyjiaMHbui unsuccessful
oSmecTBeHHbiii public
nonHonpaBHbifi enjoying full rights
CViyTHblM confused, dim
CMyTHOe BpCMH Time of Trouble
ToproBbiii trade

Pa3Hoe

BHe outside
BHC 3aKdHa outlaw
BbiHy>KfleH to be forced

346 mpucma copoh luecntb Fjiaed 12

 APPENDIX

Declension of Russian names

Russian surnames of Russian origin end in either -mh (IlyuiKiiH, EopojiMH) or -obZ-cb (Ko3ji6b,
JlMMTpnee, CojiOBbee) These names have mascuHne and feminine forms as well as plural forms.
The instrumental case of masculine surnames has the adjectival ending -mm. Feminine surnames
have adjectival endings in all cases except the nominative and accusative. Plural forms have
adjectival endings in all cases except the nominative.

Masc. Fern. Plural Masc. Fern. Plural

N BopOHMH^ Bopoanna BopoanHbi ConOBbCB CojioBbCBa Co.ioBbeBbi
A BopoaiiHa BoponiiHv BoponMH bix Co-ioBbCBa Co.noBbeBV CoJlOBbeB MX
G BopoflMHa BoponHH oil BopOHHH HX ConoBbCBa CojioBbee OH Co.lOBbeB MX
P BopoflMHe BopOflMH OH BopoaMH bix ConoBbese CojioBbee oil CoJIOBbeB MX
D BopoaiiHv BopoaiiH OH BopOJIMH MM ConoBbeBV ConoBbeB OH CoJlOBbCB MM
I BopOflWH WM BopoaiiH OH BopOflHH MMH CojiOBbee MM COJlOBbeB OH CoJlOBbCB MMH

Russian surnames formed from adjectives decline like adjectives:

Masc. Fem. Plural Masc. Fem. Plural

N TojiCToii ToTiCTaa To.icTbie Jlo6aMeBCKHH JTo6aMeBCKaH JloGaqcBCKHe
A ToncToro TO-ICTYK) TO.ICTMX JloSaMCBCKoro JloGaMeBCKyio JloOaMeBCKHx
G ToncToro To.iCToii To.lCTMX Jlo6aMeBCKoro JloSaqeBCKoii JIoSaqeBCKHX
P To.lCTOM To.lCTOH Tojictmx JloGaMCBCKOM JloSaqeBCKOH Jlo6aMeBCKHX
D ToncTOMV TojicToii To.nCTMM JloGaMCBCKOMy JloSaqeBCKoii JloGaneBCKHM
I To.lCTMM ToncTOH TOJICTMMH JloSaweBCKHM JloGaMeBCKoii Jlo6aMeBCKHMM

Non-Russian surnames ending in a consonant (including those of Slavic origin, i.e.

IIIocTaKOBHM) decline only when pertaining to male persons. Surnames ending in a vowel
(including those of Slavic origin, i.e. EBxyuieHKo) do not decline.

If the stress is on -mh in the masculine form, the stress shifts to the ending in all other forms.

mpucma copoK ceMb 347

Russian first names, nicknames, and patronymics decline like nouns. For rules concerning
non-Russian names, see Chapter 3, p. 90.

Names for men Names for women

N rierp Mropb IlMMTDMii AHHa MapMH HaxajibH JTioGoBb
A nerpa Mropji J],MMTpMJI AHHy MapMK) HaTajibK) Jlio5dBb
G rierpa Mropa flMMXpMfl Ahhw MapwM HaxajibM HroSoBM
P nexpe Mrope J],MMTpI1M Ahhc MapMM Haxanbe Jlio6dBM
D nerpy MropK) flMMTpMIG AHHe MapiiM Haxanbe Jlio6dBM
I nerpoM MropcM jUMMTpMCM Ahhom MapMcif HaxanbCM JlloSOBbK)

Nicknames for men and women Patronymics for men and women
N Cama BajTH ITexpdBMM IlexpdBHa MnbMH MnbMHMMHa
A yKeuK) Caiuy Banio rTexpdBMHa riexpdBHy MnbMMa MnbMHMMHy
G CauiM BajiM riexpdBHMa HexpdBHbi MnbMMa MjlbMHMHHbl
P yKeue Came Bajie riexpdBiiMe RexpdBHe MnbMMe MnbMHMHHe
D vKcHe Came Bajie riexpdBMHy IlexpdBHe MjibMMy MjlbMHMMHe
I Cameii Baneii IlexpdBMMeM riexpdBHoii MubMHOM MjlbMHMMHOM

^ Declensions of possessive adjectives formed from names ending in -a/-5i

Masculine Neuter Feminine Plural

N MamMH oxeu MamMHO nwcbMO MamMHa Mamnna MamMHbi aexM
A MamMHoro oxua MamiiHO nwcbNid MamMHy MamiiHy MamiiHbix nexeii
G MamiiHoro oxua/oMCbMa MamiiHoii MamMHbi MamiiHbix nexeii
P o MamMHOM oxue/nwcbMe MamHHoii Mamnne MamwHbix nexHX
D MamMHOMy oxny/nwcbMy MamMHoif MamwHC MamMHbIM aexHivi
I MamMHbIM OXLtOM/nMCbMOM MamwHoii MamMHoii MamMHbiMM aexbMM

^ Nouns with irregularities in their declension

1 . The noun nyxb is masculine, but it has Singular Plural

flBcpb-type endings in the genitive, N nyxb nyxM

dative, and prepositional singular forms. A nyxb nyxM
It is stressed on the endings. G nyxM nyxeii
P nyxM nyxHX
D nyxM nyxHM
I nyxeM nyx«iviM

348 mpucma copoK aoceMh Appendix

2. The neuter nouns epeivifl, mmh, and njieMH add the infix -ch- before all endings.

PIllfQl singuidr Pliifol

r lUral dinguidr Plural
N DjJCMTl rspcivlcria WMM llj ICIVi n llJlCMcrla
A
/V rjpciVlcHa VlMn OUO
T4 \ 4
yllvlcHa IIJ ICIVIM llJlCMcHa
c
VI BpeMeHM BpeMCH I1M6HI1 MMeH nneivieHM n n ^ k « ^1
njieMeH
P BpeMCHM BpeMCHax MMCHM MMCHaX nneivieHM nueMCHax
D BpeMCHM BpeMCHaivi MMCHM MMCHaiVl nneMCHM nneMCHaivi
I epeMCHeivi BpeMCHaiVlM MMCHCM MMCHaMM nneMCHeivi nneMCHaiviM

3. Masculine nouns with the suffix -aHMnZ-HHUH drop this suffix in all plural forms. The nominative
plural forms have the ending -e, and the genitive/accusative forms have "zero" endings.

Singular Plural Singular Plural Singular Plural

N anrnHMaHMH aHrnHMane rpajKjiaHMH rpa^cflane K)»:aHMH io:»caHe

A aHrnMMaHMHa anriiMMaH rpa:»cflaHMHa rpa:>KflaH io:;*:aHMHa io»:aH

G aHrnMMaHMHa aHrnMMaH rpa»:flaHMHa rpa:»caaH io:«;aHMHa io:»caH

P aHrnMMaHMHe aHrjiMManax rpa:«:flaHMHe rpa*:AaHax lo^KaHMHe lO^KaHax

D aHrnMMaHMHy aHrnMMaHaivi rpa»:flaHMHy rpa^KjiaHaivi io:«;aHMHy io:»caHaivi

I aHrnMqaHMHOM aHrjiMHaHaiviM rpa:»cflaHMHOM rpa:acAaHaiviM K):«;aHMHOM K):»caHaMM

Notes

1. The suffix -anZ-flH denotes members of ethnic or social groups. The suffix -mm
combines with the suffix -aH/-aH to indicate a single individual of such a group.
Some other nouns of this type are ropojKaHMH - ropoKane (city dweller/s), naTMaHMH
- aaTHane (Dane/s), hbophhmh - aBopnHe (aristocrat/ s), KpecTbHHMH - KpecTb«He
(peasantis), MycyjibMaHMH - MycyjibiviaHe (Muslimis), ceeepflHiiH - ceeepHHe
(northerner! s), cjiaBHHMH - cjiaoHHe (Slav/s), xpncTMaHMH - xpHCTHane (Christian/ s).

2. The feminine equivalents of such nouns formed by adding the suffix -Ka to
are
the suffix -anZ-HH: anrjiMHaHKa, rpajKflaHKa, lomaHKa, ropoKanKa, jtaxHaHKa,
ABopflHKa, KpecTbflHKa, MycyjibMaHKa, ceBepanKa, cjiaBHHKa, xpMCTiiaHKa. They
follow a regular rasexa-type declension pattern.

4. The nouns rocnoflMH and xo3«iih.

Singular Plural Singular Plural

N rocnoAMH rocnofla X03HMH xo3fleBa
A rocnoAMHa rocnoA X03flMHa xo3aeB
G rocnoflMHa rocndfl X03HMHa X03fleB
P rocnoflMHC rocnoaax X03HMHe xo3aeBax
D rocnoAMHy rocnoflaM X03flMHy xo3aeBaivi
I rocnoflMHOM rocnoflaMM X03HMH0IV1 X03aeBaMM

Appendix mpucma copoK deoMmb 349

 Notes

1 . The feminine equivalents of these nouns are rocnojKa and xo3flHKa.

They follow a regular rasexa-type declension pattern.
2. The address J\kMh\ h rocnoM! means "Ladies and Gentlemen!"

5. Nouns that have nominative singular forms with the suffix -eH|o|K (-6h|o|k after hushers)
denote young animals or persons (i.e. %epe6eH|o|K - colt, iviejiBe%6H|o|K - bear cub). The
plural forms of these nouns end in -a and are formed with the suffix -ax-a (-ax-a after
hushers). The genitive-accusative plural forms of these nouns have a "zero" ending.

Singular Plural Singular Plural

N xepe5eH|o|K «;epe6flTa Mej],Be:»c6H|o|K MeaBe^Kaxa
A xepeGcHKa :»cepe5aT MenBe:»cdHKa MeflBe»:aT
G >Kepe5eHKa :«;epe5HT MenBe:»:6HKa MeABe»:ax
P xepe6eHKe ^KepeSaxax MeABe«;dHKe MeflBe^caxax
D >Kepe6eHKy »:epe6flxaivi MenBe:«;6HKy MeflBe:«:aTa!vi
I >Kepe6eHK0ivi ^epeSaxaiviM MejIBeXOHKOM MeflBe»:axaMM

Notes

1 . Nouns denoting the young of most animals are formed by adding this suffix to the
basic noun stem: kox - koxchok (cat - kitten), yxKa - yxenoK (duck - duckling),
xMrp -XMppenoK ( tiger - tiger cub). In some instances, a consonant alternation may
occur: bojik - bojihohok (wolf - wolf cub).

2. Some nouns denoting animals have special forms to denote their young:
nduiaAb xepeSenoK :»cepe6flxa
CBHHbH nopOCCHOK HOpOCHXa
Kypima ubrnjienoK uunnaxa
KopoBa xeneHOK xexi^ra
OBua flrHCHOK arHflxa

3. The noun meH|d|K (puppy) has a slightly irregular formation. Its plural may be
uieuflxa or uteuKM. The plural form uteuKii has the genitive-accusative form
UieHKOB.

4. Remember that the noun peSenoK {child, baby ) has the plural form flexM. The
noun peSaxa (felllows, guys, lads) is often used by young people.

350 mpucma nmnbdecHtn Appendix

 Numerals

CARDINAL NUMERALS

I. The numerals 2, 3, 4.

Masc./Neut. Fem.
N flea flee rpw qcTupe
A NorG NorG NorG
G AByx Tpex qexbipex
P AByx xpex MCTbipex
D flByM TpeM MCTbipeM
I AByMfl xpcMa MeXbipbMH

2. The numerals 5-20. The numerals 5-10 are end-stressed; 20 and 30 are end-stressed.
The numerals 1 1-19 are stem-stressed. These numerals have only three forms:
a. a nominative-accusative form
b. a genitive, prepositional, dative form
c. an instrumental form

N/A DflTb BoceMb ojiMHHafluaTb

G/P/D HflTM BOCbMM O/IMHHaflUaTM
I naXbK) BOCbMbK) OflMHHailUaTbK)
(also BoceMbro)

3. The numerals 40, 90, 100. These numerals have only two forms:
a. a nominate-accusative form
b. a genitive, prepositional, dative, and instrumental form that ends in -a

N/A COpOK AeBHHOCTO CTO

G/P/D/I copoKa AeBHHOCTa era

4. The numerals 50, 60, 70, 80. These numerals have only three forms:
a. a nominative-accusative form
b. a genitive, prepositional, dative form
c. an instrumental form

Note the spelling of the nominative-accusative form (the soft sign "b" is spelled in
the middle) and the position of the stress.

N/A njiTbflecHT ceMbnecax BoceMbflecaT

G/P/D nHTMfleCflTM CeMIIJieCflTM BOCbMMfleCHTM
I nHTbKSnecflTbK) ceMbroaecHTbio BOCbMbKSflecflTbio

A handy rule. The nominative forms of cardinal

numerals are spelled with only one soft sign. In all

numerals including 30 and below, the soft sign is at the

end, in numerals above 30, the soft sign is in the middle.

iiT I
iiMlii'iiiiiiiiiiiiiil^ iiiiiiTiif miiiii' iTiiiiiBwiir -mtiM

Appendix mpucma nnmbdecMm oduH 351

5. The numerals 200, 300, 400.

N/A jiBecTH xpiicxa Mexbipecxa

G AByxcoT xpexcdx Hexbipexcdx
P jjeyxcxax xpexcxax Mexbipexcxax
D aeyMCxaM XpCMCXaM HexbipcMCxaM
I flByMHCXaMM XpCMflCXaMM MeXbipbMflCXaMM

6. The numerals 500 - 900.

N/A LuecTbcoT BOCeMbCOX fleBHXbCOX

G llieCTMCOT BOCbMMCdx flCBaxHcdx
P uiecTMCxax BOCbMMCXaX jieBHXMCxax
D uiecTMCxaM BOCbMMCXaM flCBflXHCXaM
I mecxbiocxaMM BOCbMblOCXaMM flCBaxbiocxaMH

7. The numeral 1000.

N xbicana
A xbiCHwy The numerals mhjijimoh and MMjiJiMapa
G XblCHMIl decline like ordinary masculine nouns.
P/D xbicaqe Nouns are in the genitive plural after any
I xbkaMeii/xbicaMbK) form of the numerals Tbic»Ma, mujijiuoh
and MnijijiiiapA-
BiiilMiitti

8. Compound numerals. All parts of compound numerals decline.

N/A HBajiuaxb xpn nexbipecxa nBajmaxb xpw

G flBanuaxM xpex qexbipexcdx nBaiiuaxM xpex
P flBanuaxn xpex Mexbipexcxax aBaauaxM xpex
D aeafluaxn xpeM MexbipexicxaM nBaauaxn xpcM
I ABafluaxbKD xpcMfl MexbipbMflcxaMH flBaauaxbK) xpeMa

9. The numeral d6ald6e. 10. Collective numerals deoe, mpde.

(xpoe follows the pattern of moe)
M/N F
N d5a d6e N jiBde
A NorG NorG A NorG
G/P oSdMx oSewx G/P flBOMX
D oddiiM o5euM D hbomm
I 06dMMH o5enMii I flBOMMM

For MCTBepo. UHxepo, uiecxepo, ceviepo, edcbMepo, aeeHxepo. and

aecH repo. the endings -mx, -mm, - mmm become -wx, -um. -mmm.

352 mpucma nnmbdecAm dea Appendix

 1

11. The numeral noAmopdInoAmopu.

Masc./Neut. Fern.

N/A nojTTOpa no.ixopbi

G/P/D/I nojiyjopa

ORDINAL NUMERALS
1
1 nepBbiM TpMjmaxbiM
Ar\
z BTOpOM 4U COpOKOBOii
-J
i Tpexml 50 naxHflecflTbiM
A
McTBcpTblH iiiecxMnecaxbiM
J nHTblM /u CCMMfleCflXblM
mecTOM on
oO BOCbMMHeCflXbIM
-1
1 CeflbMOM 90 aCBflHOCXblll
Q
O BOCbMOii 1 AA
100 coxbiii
Q neBSTbiM OA A
zOO nByxcdxbiM
O f\f\
10 fleCHTblH 300 xpexcoxbiM
1 1
1 ojiMHHaauaTbiM /IAA
400 HexbipexcoxbiM
12 HBeHanuaTbiM 500 nflXMcdxbiM
13 TpMHanuaTbiM 600 mecxMcdxbiM
14 MeTbipHanuaxbiM 700 CCMMCOXblM
15 naTHanuaxbiM 800 BOCbMMCdXbIM
16 mecTHanuaxbiM 900 neBJixMcdxbiii
17 ceMHanuaxbiM 1000 XblCHMKblii
18 BoceMHaauaTbiii 2000 HByXXblCflMHblM
19 neBHTHanuaTbiii 1 000 000 MMJinwdHHbiii
20 flBanuaxbiM 1 000 000 000 MMnnHapflHbiii

Remember that in compound ordinal numerals (e.g. 143rd "one hundred forty-third"), the first
element of the numeral is a cardinal numeral, only the last part is an ordinal numeral.

25th jiBajmaxb nflTbiii

1999th xbiCHMa jeBHXbcdx jieBandcxo neBHTbiii
B 2000 rofly b neyxTbiCHMHOM rojiy
B 2001 rofly b jxbq xucflMM nepeoM rojiy

Appendix mpucma nnmbdecHm mpu 353

 Time expressions

1 . Answering the question Korna?

Week: HA + prepositional case

Questions: Korfla? or Answers: Ha npomnoM He^ene
Ha KaKOM HCflene? Ha SyflymeM (cneAyromeM nenene)
Ha 3T0M HCflene

Month/year/semester/quarter: B+ prepositional case

Questions: Korjia? or Answers: B 3T0M Mec3ue.

B KaKOM MecflLie? B 3T0M rofly.
B 3T0M ceMecTpe.
B 3T0M iieTBepTM.

Days of the week: B + accusative case

Questions: Korjia? or Answers: B cpeny.

B KaKOM ACHb? B (3Ty) cy556Ty.
B 3TOT JlQHh.
Days of the week (in plural contexts): B+ accusative case or HO + dative case
Questions: Korfla? or Answers: B noHCflenbHMK m cpeay.
B KaKMe AHM? Ho noHeflenbHMKaM m cpeaaM.
Ho KaKMM flHflM?
Seasons: Instrumental case, no preposition

Question: Kor^a? Answers: JlexoM. 3tmm ncTOM.

OceHbK). npdiiiJioM OCeHbK).
BecHoii.
3mm6m.
2. Answering Koadd-questions with the preposition nepes.

The preposition Mepe3 + a time word in the accusative case indicates the time that lapses before
an action takes place:
Question: Korfla Bbi npimexe? "When will you he here?''
Answer: ^epe3 Mac. "In an hour."

3. Answering the question CKOAbKO epeMenu? Indicating the duration of an action:

Accusative case, no preposition.

Question: —
CKonbKO BpeivieHM (sbi xaM Tunnu, paSdrajiM, Sbinw)?
Answers: —
Mbi TaM :*:miim (paSoxaiiM, 5biJiM) 2 rofla.
CKOJIbKO BpeMeHM Bbl SACCb iSCMBCTe?
— Mbi 3flecb »:MBeM yxe roa.

NOTE: il you can leave out the preposition "for" in English, there is no
preposiiion in the Russian equivalent.

354 mpuana nnmbdecnm nembipe Appendix

 C + genitive case. JXO + genitive case
. . from until . . .

Question: —
Ckoubko BpeMCHM bbi TaM 6yneTe (paSdranM)?
Answers: —
Mbi TaM dyncM (paGoTanM) c Macy no MCTbipex.
CO cpeflbi no nflTHMUbi.
c Maa flo aerycxa.

4. Answering the question Ha cKOAbKO epeMCHU? Indicating the duration of the result of an action:

HA + accusative case
Question: — Ha CKOJibKO BpeMCHM xyaa eaexe? Bbi NOTE:
Answer: — Mbi PoccMK) na
ejieM B rojx. This construction is used
Question: — Ha CKOJibKO BpeMCHM Bbi ye3»:ajiM? with verbs denoting
Answer: — Mbi Ha xpw Mccaua.
ye3«;ajiM "reversible" actions.

^ Russian prepositions and their English equivalents

BE3 (BE30) without 0(OB,OBO) about

B(BO) in. into OT (OTO) from, from the side of
JXJIH for. for the purpose of ntPEJX (HEPEJ^O) in front of
AO up to no according to, on, along, by, across
3A behind; for (to get) nO/^ (FIO^O) under, underneath, close to
H3 out of, from nPH in the presence of, in the time of
H3-3A from behind nPO about
m-nOJX from under PA/^H for the sake of
K (KO) to. toward C (CO) with, from, away from, off of, since
ME>KAy between y at the home of, close, nearby, to express
HA on. onto, for (time expressions) possession
HAJXiHAJXO) above MEPE3 through, across, over, in (time
OKOJIO close, nearby expressions)

NOTE: The English equivalent of a Russian preposition most often depends

upon the English equivalent of that preposition's complement.

Prepositions governing one case Prepositions governing two cases

BE3 + GEN OKOJIO + GEN B +ACC/PREP

HJl^ + GEN nEPEA + INSTR 3A + ACC/INSTR
JXO + GEN nOCJIE + GEN MEyKJXy+ INSTR/GEN
H3 + GEN nPH + PREP HA + ACCIPREP
H3-3A + GEN npo + Acc no + DAT PREPI

m-nOH + GEN PAJXU + GEN nOJX + ACC I INSTR

K +DAT y+GEN C + GENIINSTIACC
HAJX + INSTR MEPE3 + ACC
O + PREP

Appendix mpucma nnmbdecHm nnrnb 355

rPAMMATIIHECKIIE TEPMIIHbl
number HMCJld
singular, plural ejHHCTBeHHOe qMCJid. MHOXeCTBCHHOe MMCJid
gender poa
masculine, feminine, neuter siyxcKoii poa. xcHCKinl poj. cpeaHiiii poa
case nmeis.
root KoplelHb im.)
exception, irregularity HCK.iioqeHiie
stem (hard, soft) ocHoea (TBepaaa. NiarKaa)

Noun MMfl cymecTBirrenbHoe

Pronoun MeCTOMMCHMe
to decline CK.IOH HTb/lipOCK.lOHflTb
declension CK.ioHeHiie
nominative nMeHHTe.ibHbiii (naaex)
accusative BHHHTe.ibHbiH (najcx)
genitive pojHTe.ibHbiH (naaex)
prepositional npexi6>*;HbiH (naaex)
dative aaxenbHWH (naaex)
instrumental TBopHTe.ibHMii (naaex)

Adjective MMH npujiaraTe.ibHoe

shon-form adjective KpaxKaa 4)dp\ia
full-form adjective nd.iHaa 4)dpMa
comparative degree cpaBHHTe.ibHafl CTcneub
superlative degree npeBocxdaHasi crenenb

Verb rjiardn
to conjugate cnpjiraTb/npocnpflraTb
conjugation cnpaiKeHJie
person (first, second, third) .iHud (nepBoe. BTopde. rpexbe)
tense (present, past, future) Bpesifl (HacTOfliuee. npomenmee. dyaymee)
aspect (impertective. perfective Biu (HecoBepmeHHufi. coBepmeHHbifi)
verbal adjective (participle) npnMacTiie
verbal adverb (gerund) aeenpHMacTiie

Other terminology Jlpyriie xepsiHHbi

adverb Hapemie
preposition npendr
conjunction cok53
complement/object aono-iHeHiie
direct object/indirect object npHMde aono.iHeHne/KdceeHHoe aono-iHeHiie

Punctuation 3HaKH npemiHaHHfl

period xdMKa
comma aanaxaH
semi-colon xdMKa c sanaxdii
questionmark BonpocHxe.xbHbiii 3HaK
exclamation mark BOCK.XHUaxe.XbHblll 3HaK
parentheses CKddKM (onHa CKdSxa)
quotation marks KaBblMKH
dash xiipe
hyphen

356 mpiicma nHinbdecHm luecntb Appendix

 CAOBAPb

The Russian alphabet

A B B rAEE:aC3MM
K Jl M HonpcTy<D
X u mmtbibsioii
Stress patterns for Russian nouns

In Russian, as in English, the stress in a word can fall on any syllable. Native speakers of Russian, just
like native speakers of English, know where the stress falls on most words in their own language, but in
textbooks for students of both languages, words are often accented to help the learner speak the language
correctly. In various forms of Russian nouns, verbs, and adjectives the stress may shift from the ending of
a word to the stem or vice versa. The best way to learn the correct stress for Russian words is, of course,
to listen attenti\ ely and pronounce the words as much as possible. The follow ing comments about stress
notation should help you learn w here the stress falls on the nouns used in this book.

1. A indicates 2. B indicates 3. C indicates

stem stress ending stress shifting stress

Stem 1
Ending Stem 1
Ending Stem 1
Ending Stem 1
Ending

N K O LUKa N a CTpaH a N a pyK a N a jB e pH

A B K o ujKy A a CTpaH y A a p y Kv A a JB e pn
G a K IlIKH G a CTpaH M G a pyK H G a JBCp eH
P K o LUKe P a CTpaH e P a pyK e p a JBCp HX
D a K o ujKe D a CTpaH e D a pyK e D a jBep
» o
I a K o ihkoh I a CTpaH OH I a pyK OH I a jBep

mpucma numbdecHm ceMb 357

Stress notations

1. The notation A: A indicates that the stress falls on Singular Plural

the stem in all singular and plural forms.
N K O mKa K 6 mKH
A K o mKy K meK
G K 6 IIIKH K o meK
P K 6 LUKe K mxax
D K 6 mKe K 6 lUKaM
^
I K o mKoft K mKaMH

2. The notation B:B. indicates that the stress falls on Singular Plural
the ending in all singular and plural forms.
In forms with a zero ending, the stress retracts to N CTOjI CTO.l bl

the stem. A CTOjI CTO.l bl

G CTO.l a 1 CTO.l OB

P CTOJl e 1 CTO.l ax
D CTOJI y CTO.l aM
I CTOJl 6m CTO.l aMH

The notation B:A indicates that the stress falls on Singular Plural
the ending in all singular forms but on the stem in
all plural forms. N OKH 1^ O KHa
A OKH 6 KHa
G OKH a 6 KOH
^
P OKH e o KHax
D OKH y 6 KHaM
I OKH OMt o KHaMH

4. The notation A: B on
indicates that the stress falls Singular Plural
the stem in all singular forms but on the ending
in all plural forms. N n e .lo je.i a
^
A e Jio je.i a Wk
G jx e .la ae.i ^
P fl e Jie je.i ax
D jxk jvj je.i aM
I a e jioM ae.i aMH

358 mpiicma nmnhdecHm ooceMb CjiOGdpb

 The notation C:C indicates that the stress shifts Singular Plural
frnm
1 lllVf stpm
1 KJl 11 thp ^jLVflll \.KJ thp
to LI IW pnHinp or
\Jl vicp
V'l lU-l 1 V 1^^
1 £«, xjiA in
vpr<;a
V 111 onp
IW or
V^l

more singular forms and one or more plural forms. N pyK a| P y KII

A P y Ky P y KH

G pyK pyK

P pyK pyK ax

D pyK e pyK aM
' «»
T
X pyK OH pyK

The notation A:C mdicates that the stress falls on Singular Plural
the stem in all singular forms but shifts from the
stem to the ending or vice versa in one or more N e pb jB e pH
plural forms. A HB e pb JB e pH

G HB e pH ;iBep eft|

P J.B e pn jBep HX

D e pii jBep

I ^.B e pbK) ABep iMH

The nouns jicth and Jit6:m have a shifting stress N af m n 10.

pattern. You should try to learn this pattern.
A eM CM
G aeT e M niOH eil

P e rax .1 id J

D JX eir$iM 10 J

I fleXbM M UtOflbM H

Unless noted otherwise, nouns in the vocabulary lists have an A:A stress pattern.

Cjioedpb mpucma njimbdecAm deGRttib 359

 PyCCKO-aHrjlHHCKHH CJlOBapb

ASsau 4 paragraph
6jiidao A: A 11 dish
SoraxcxBO 2 wealth
aeapiiH 7 accident; aBToaeapuH 2 crash, wreck, accident
Soraxbiii 4, 10 rich, wealthy
aBTo6Morpac|)iiH 2 autobiography
SorociOBCKMii 1 theological
aBTOcepBHC 3 towing service
SorocjiyjKeHiie 5 liturgy, church service
arcHTCTBO 8 agency
arpoHOMMMecKMii 2 agricultural BojKC Moii! 2 My God!
SoKa.i 11 goblet
ajpec ipl. aapeca) A:B 1 address
So.irapiiH {pi. Cojirapbi), 6ojirapKa Bulgarian
ajpecax 1 adressee
6ojie3Hb 10 illness, disease
asSvKa 2, 5 alphabet (f.)

aKBapMyM 2 aquarium, fish bowl

6o.iejibmMK/6ojie.ibmMua 12 sports fan
66jieH/6o.ibHa/6ojibHbi 10 ill
aji.iepniH + wa mto? 11 allergy
Sojiexb II (SojiMX, SojiHx) 10 (only used in third
aHajiio 8 test, analysis
person) to ache, hurt
aHrHHa 10 strep throat; sore throat
aHKera 1 questionnaire Sojiexb I/3a6ojiexb I + hcm? 10 to be sick/to get sick
Sojiexb + 3a Koro? 12 to root for (impf. only)
annexHT 11 appetite; IlpH^THoro annexHra!
Bon appetite! 6dJibH0 10 painful, it hurts

anxcKa 9, 10 drug store Sdjibuie He 8 no longer, (not) any more

apxMCx 12 actor, artist SojibuiiiHCXBO 1 majority

apXMCXKa 12 actress, artist 5opoaa C:C 6 beard

apxiinejiar 12 archipelago 6oHpMH {nom. pi. 6oHpe) boyar/Russian high nobility
acniipaHx/Ka 1 graduate student SoHXbCH II + Koro/Mero? 2 to be afraid of
acniipaHxypa 1 graduate school 5paK 2, 6 marriage (official)
a3pon6px (prep, b a3ponopxy) 6 airport
5pax (nom. pi. 6paxbfl; gen. lace. pi. SpaxbCB) brother;
HBOiopouHbiH 6pax cousin; CBOUHbiH 6pax

6ajiji 1 point stepbrother

6acHJi 6 fable 6paxb (5epy, 6epeuib)I/B3flXb (sosbiviy, B03bMeu]b)I

SacceuH 3 swimming pool to take

5eraxb 11,8 (imperf.) to run (multidirectional) Spocaxb I/5p6cMXb II 3 to throw; to abandon, drop,
SeaHbiii 6, 12 poor, unfortunate quit

SeacxBiie 10 disaster; cxuxiiuHoe 5eacxBne natural 6poiJLii6pa 8 pamphlet

disaster SpiOKii (pi. only) (gen. 6piOK) 10 pants, trousers,

6e>Kaxb (5ery, Gemiiiub, 6eryx)/no5e>Kaxb 8 slacks

to run
( unidirectional: irregular) 6yflitJibHiiK 3 alann clock
6e3ji6MHbiM homeless SyflMXb II/pa35yflMXb II + Koro? 3 to wake up
6e.ribiii 5 white 6yjiymee the future; Syaymee Bpeivia future tense
6eH3iiH 9 gasoline Sy.ioMHaH 9 bakery
Seper (Ha 5epery. nam. pi. Sepera) A:B 1 shore, bank SvMara 6 paper
6epeMeHHaji 2 pregnant; OHa SepeMCHHa she's 6yMa>KHMK 1 wallet
expecting Sypfl 10 (snow or rain) storm

Secn.iaxHbiii (Secn.iaxHo) 1, 8 free 6biBaxb 4, 5 to be (frequently); to occur

SecnoKOiixbCH 2 to worry, go out of one's way SbiBuiiiif 10 former
5ecnojie3Ho 5 useless 6bicxpbiu (5b'icxpo ) 8 fast, quick(ly). rapid(ly)

5iijiex 8 ticket
6iip>Ka xpyna 6 employment office
B xeHCHiie + genitive 4, 8 during, in the course of

6.iaroaapeH/6.iaroaapHa/6.narojapHbi 8 thankful
Ba>KHbHl (Ba>KHo) 8 important

6jiaronapH + dative 8 thanks to Bannan 5 bathroom

6.iH3Kiiii (S.iiHko) 4. 8 close, nearby
Bapitxb II/cBapiixb II 11 to cook (in liquid)
5jiiih B:B 11 pancake Bapar B:B 3 Viking

360 mpiicma luecmbdecAm Cjioedpb

BBOUHbiii 1 introductory BJia^HOCTb (f.) 10 humidity
Baeoe 11 two times, twice as Bjia>KHbiM (Bjia^Ho) 10 humid
Bjioea; Bj]OB|e|i| 2, 5 widow; widower BjiacTb (f.) 8 power, authority, rule
Bapyr 6 suddenly Bjie3aTb I/Bjic3Tb I (Bjie3y, Bjie3euib) 5 to climb in

Beapo B:A 10 bucket; (jiomjih) jibct Kan m3 Be^ipa BjiMflHMC influence; OKa3biBaTb/oKa3aTb bjimhhmc
it's raining cats and dogs + Ha Koro-MTO? 12 to influence

BeflyiUMM 1 leading, prominent + B Kopo? 9 to fall in love

BJiioSjiflTbCH I/BJiio6MTbCfl II

BCflb 2 you know (emphatic particle) BMCCTC 6 together

Be>KJiMBbiif 2, 6 polite BHe6paMHbiM 1 out-of-wedlock
Be3Tii (Be3y, Beaeuib) I/noBCBTM I 8 to transport BHCUiHMM 12 external
{unidirectional) BHMMaHMC 9 attention; o6pamaTb I/o6paTMTb II
BCK ipl. BCKa) A:B century BHMMaHMC + Ha Koro-HTO? 1,9 to pay attention
BejiMK/BejmKa/BejiMKo/BejiHKM 10 too big BHMMaTCJIbHblM (BHMMaTCJlCH/BHMMaTCJlbHa) 9
BejiHKMM great attentive
BejiMKOjienHbiM 12 magnificent, splendid BHyK/sHyHKa 2 grandson, granddaughter
BejiHHMHa 3 size BO BpcMfl + gen. during
BejiocMnea 11 bicycle BOflMTCJibCKMc MpaBa 1, 9 driver's license
BeHMaxbCfl I/noBeHMaxbCH I 2 to have a church BoaMTb II + Koro? (impeif.) 8 to lead (multidirectional)

wedding BOCHHOcjiy^amMM 1 military person

Bcpa 5 faith, belief B03BpaiiiaTb 1/ BcpnyTb I + mto? to return, give back
BepiiTb II/noBepMTb II + KOMy/qeiviy? to believe; B03BpaiuaTbC5i I/BcpnyTbCH I + Kyua? to return,
eepMTb + B Koro/MTO? to believe in come back; B03BpaiueHMe return
BepoHTHO probably Bosjiyx 5 air
BepxoM astride; ea^MTb BcpxoM 8, 12 to go B03MTb II (imperf.) 8 to transport (multidirectional)
horseback riding B03M6jKHOCTb (f.) 8 possibility, opportunity
BecejTo + (KOMy? Becejio) 1 to have a good time B03HMKaTb I/B03HMK||HyTb 13 to Originate, come
Becejibiii 6 cheerful, good-natured into being
BecHa B:A spring; BecHoii in the spring; this/last spring B03pa%aTb I/B03pa3HTb II 5 to object to
BCCTM (eeay, Be3eiub)I/noBecTM I + Koro? 8 to lead, B63pacT 2 age
conduct, take (unidirectional ); bcctm jtHeBHMK 3 BOMH 4 warrior, soldier
to keep a diary; bcctm xoproBJiio to do business BOMHa B:A 8, 12 war
(with);BCCTM xosflifCTBO 2 to do housework BOMCKa (pi.) {gen. bomck) 8 troops
bctIcIp 10 wind; BCTpcHbiii (BCTpcHo) 10 windy B0K3aji 9 train station
BcTXMM saBCT 12 the Old Testament BOKpyr + gen. 8 around; BOKpyr CBCTa around the
BCMcp A:B (nom. pi. Bcnepa) evening; BCMcpoM in world
the evening; ceroflHH ecMcpoM this evening, BOJiK A:C 1 wolf
tonight; BMcpa BCMcpoM last night BOJiHOBaTbCH I 3, 8 to be upset, worry
BCMcpHMM 1 evening (adj.) BOopyjKCHHbie CMJibi 1 armed forces
BciuaTb I/noBCCMTb II 5 to hang Bop A:C 5 thief

Bcmb (/.) A:C 2 thing BOCMMTaTCJibZ-HMua 8 camp counselor, kindergarten

B36eraTb I/B35e«aTb {irregular see SemaTb) 9 teacher
to run up BOCMMTbiBaTb I/BOCMMTaTb I + Kopo? 2 to bring up,
B3rjijia 6 view, glance rear, educate
B3JiCTaTb I/B3JieTeTb II 9 to fly up, to take off BOCTOK east; BOCTOMMbiii 1 eastern
B3p6cjibiM 2 adult, grown up BOCTopr delight, ecstasy; SbiTb b BOCTopre to be
BiiacTbCJi/yBMacTbCJi to see each other, meet delighted, ecstatic
BM3aHTMMCKMM Byzautinc BHcpea 2 ahead
BMccTb II 5 to hang, be suspended BncwaTJiCHMC 12 impression; npoM3BecTM
BKJiiOHaTb I/BKjiiGMMTb II 10 to tum ou; to include BncMaTjiCHMC + Ha Koro? 5 to make an
BKyc 11 taste; BKycHbiM (bkvcho) 11 tasty impression on
BjiaacTb I + HCM? 4 to own, possess, control BnocjieacTBMH 1 consequently

PyccKO-amjiiiucKuu cjioedpb mpucma uiecmbdecHm odun 361

BpaiKfleSHbiii (Bpa>Kae6Ho) 6 hostile rep5 6 coat of arms, emblem
BpejHbiii (epeaHo) harmful repoMHH 12 heroine; main character in a novel
BCKope 5 soon, shortly after or movie
BCjiyx aloud repoH 2, 12 hero: main character in a novel or movie
BcnoMiiHaTb 1/ BcnoMHHTb II 1, 12 to remember, rHMHa3iifl 2 high school
to recall rjiaaa head, chapter; bo rjiaBC (at the head of)
BcraBaxb I (Bcxaio, BCxaeiubVBCTaTb (BCxaHy, rjiaBHbiii 3 main
BcxaHeiub) I 3, 4 to get up. to rise rjiaroji verb

Bcxpena 10 date, meeting, encounter rjioxaxb I /nporjioxiixb II 10 to swallow

BCxpcMaxb I/Bcxpexiixb II + Koro/Mxo? 6 to meet rjiySoKiiii 6 deep
BCxpenaxbCfl I/Bcxpexiixbca I 3 + c kcm? to date, rjiynbiii 1 1 stupid, dumb
to meet rjiHaexb II 2 to look at. glance
BcxyniixejibHbiii 1 introductory. BCTynMTejibHbie roBopiixb II/cKa3axb I (cKajKV, cKajKenib) I to talk.

3K3aMeHbi 1 entrance exams say/to tell; roBopHX people say. people are saying

Bxopoe 11 main course; Bxopoii 3aBxpaK 11 lunch, roji 11 goal (in sports). 3a6iiBaxb I/3a5MXb I

late morning meal (3a6bid, 3a6beiub) roji 12 to score

BMepa yesterday: BMepauiHiiii yesterday's roji.iaHjiCKMM 8 Dutch
Bbi6iipaxb I/Bbi6paxb I (Bbi6epy, Bbi6epeiiib) II rojiOBa C:C 1, 10 head
to choose, select, elect rojiojHbiii 1, 11 hungry rojioncH/rojiojiHa/rojioaHbi
Bbi6op (s(^. only) 1 choice ro.iy56ii 6 light blue
Bbir.iHaexb II limpeif. only) 6, 10 to look, look like ropa C:C 5 mountain
BbiaaBaxbCfl I to be issued; jMn.ioMbi Bbijaidxcfl 1 ropasao 2, 9 much (with comparatives)
diplomas are issued ropeBaxb I (ropioio, ropideuib) 2 to grieve, grieve for
Bbi3aopaB.iifBaxb I/Bbi3nopoBexb I 10 to get better ropexb Il/cropexb II {intransitive) 8 to bum/to bum
Bbl3blBaXb I/Bbi3BaXb I (Bb'nOBV, BbbOBeUlb) down
to evoke, call out. send for ropjio 10 throat
BbiiirpbiBaxb I/Bbinrpaxb I + hxo? 2, 12 to win ropoa A:B (pi. ropoaa) 12 town, city; (adj.)

Bbi.iexaxb I/Bbi.iexexb II 3 to leave by plane, fly out: ropoacKoii 1 city

Bbijiexaxb/Bb'i.iexexb m rojioBbi 12 to forget ropo^aHiiH (pi. ropo^aHe) 9 city dweller

BbiNieHMBaxb I/BbiMeHHXb I 4 to barter, bargain ropHHiiii 11 hot to the touch
BbiHOCMXb II/Bbmecxii (BUHecy, Bbmeceiiib) I 5 rocnonMH A:B (pi. rocnoaa) 8 Mr.: i^aMbi h
to take out. carry out rocnoaa! Ladies and gentlemen!
BbinycKHitK/BbinycKHi'ma 1 alumnus/alumna; graduate rocno^a 8 Mrs.. Ms.
Bbipa>Kaxb I/Bbipa3MXb II 9 to express rocxMHaH 5 living room
Bbipa>KeHife expression rocxuHima 8, 9 hotel: (adj.) rocxMHiiMHbiii 1 hotel
BbicoKiiii 5. 6 high, tall rocxb (m.) A:C 5 guest: xoaiixb b rbcxii to go
Bbicoxa B:A 12 height visiting: Sbixb b tocxhx to be visiting: rocxbH (f.)
BbiCxaBKa 6, 12 exhibit guest
Bbicxynaxb I/Bbkxyniixb II to appear publicly, perform rocyaapcxBO state, country; rocyaapcxBCHMbiii 1, 8
Bbiciuaji MaxeviaxHKa 4 calculus state (adj.)
Bb'icuiiiit 1 higher roxoB/roxoBa/roxoBbi 2. 11 ready, prepared
BbicbiJiaxb I/Bbic.iaxb I (buiujiio, Bbiiu.ieuib) 3 roxoBiixb II/npiiroxoBiixb II 5. 11 to cook;
to send (out) to prepare, fix
BbicbinaxbCH I/BblcnaxbCH II (Bucn.iiocb, BbkniiiubCH) roxoBMXbCH II/noaroxoBiixbCJi II + k Hcviy? 3, 6
3 to get a good night's sleep to study for. get ready for
BbixouMXb II/Bbiiixif I 9 to exit, leave, go out: rpaayc 8. 10 degree (temperature)
BbixoaHOii (acHb) 2, 3, 8 day off rpa^aaHMH (pi. rpa^aaHe)/rpa%aaHKa 1, 8 citizen
rpaiKaaHCXBO 1 citizenship
Vai 7 natural gas rpaMOXHbiii 5 literate
ra36H 5 lawn rpaHMua 6 border: 3a rpaHiiuy, 3a rpaHiiueii abroad
racMXb Il/noraciixb II 11 to put out, extinguish rpeK/rpenaHKa 5 Greek

362 mpucma mecmbdecAm dea Cjioedpb

rpcMecKMii 4, 5, 10 Greek (adj.) ajiMHa (b aJiMHy) 12 length (in length)
rpnnn 10 influenza, flu ajiMHHbiM 6, 8 long
rpoMKHM (rpoMKo) 10 loud aHeBHHK B:B diary
rpy3MHCKMM 1 Georgian (adj.) AHeBHOM 1 day (adj.)
rpycTHbiM 11 sad aHCM in the afternoon, in the daytime
rpH3HbiM 5 dirty, filthy ao CMx nop 3 until now; up to here
ryiviaHMTapHbm 1, 12 humanities (adj.) floSaBJiaxb I/ao6aBMXb II 11 to add to
Ao6poB6ji|e|u {gen. floSpoBOJibua) 8 volunteer
j],a {unstressed particle) 8 and, but aoGpbiif 6 good, kind; j?o5p/ao6pa/ao6pbi 9;
^aearb I/flaxb (irregular jjaivi, gauib, aacx, najiMM, Byabxe floSpw! Be so kind (as to...)

flamixe, aaayx) + hxo? KOMy? aoBOJieH/noBOJibHa/aoBOJibHbi 2, 9 satisfied, happy

aaBHO long ago aoraflbiBaxbCH I/aoraaaxbCH I 8 to guess
aa^e even aoroBapHBaxbCH I/floroBopMXbca II 5 to agree
aajieKHii distant, far; aajiCKO far away AoesiKaxb I/floexaxb I 4, 9 to get to, to reach
aajibuie 3 further AOJKflb (m.) B:B 10 rain; Il^ex j^ojKflb. It's raining.
flaMa 8 lady, woman aO^HBaXb I/flOJKMXb I (flO^MBy, ^o^HBeuib) 12
jiaHHbie 12 data to live till, attain the age of
flapiixb Il/no^apiixb II + mxo? KOMy? 6 to present, aoKjiaa 6, 8 oral report
give as a gift flOKyivieHX 1 document; ^^OKyMeHXbI {pi. only) 1
flaxa 1 date (official or identification) papers
nana 2 dacha, summer cottage aoKyivieHxajibHbiM 12 documentary
aeiiraxbCH I/jjBMHyxbca I 3 to move flojiro 9 for a long time
aBM^eHHC 6, 9 movement, traffic j?6,FiJKeH/jioji>KHa/flOjiiKHbi + infinitive must
flBoe 5 two (collective) (expresses obligation)
aBOHKa 4 a grade of "D" jlojiHHa 5 valley
ABopflHMH {pi. flBopHHej/jiBopflHKa aristocrat aoM {pi. aoMa) A:B house, building
(the gentry) j|Oivioxo3flHKa 2 housewife
^CBOMKa 2 little girl ^onMCbiBaxb I/aonncaxb I to finish writing
jieByuiKa 6 teenage girl, young woman flonojiHMxejibHO 1 in addition
aeiicxBiie 11 action, effect, act (in a play) flonycK 1 right of entrance
fleMCXBMxejibHO 6 really, truly aonycKaxb I/aonycxiixb II 1 to allow, grant, permit
flCJio A:B 3 business, affair, deed; aejio b xom, hxo ... flopora 9 road, way; no ^opore on the way,
the fact of the matter is; ^ejio He b 3xom that's not on one's way
the point; y mchh mhofo flCJi I have a lot to do flopo^HbiH MCK 5 traveller's check
aejiOBOM 1 business (adj.) aocxaBaxb I/aocxaxb I (aocxany, aocxaHeuib) 8
fl|e|Hb day; aenb po^jieHUfl 4, 11 birthday to obtain, get

jieHbrM {pi. only) {gen. acHcr) C or A 1 money aocxMraxb I/aocxiirHyxb II uejiw 8 to reach a goal
aepcBHfl {gen. pi. flepeBCHb) A:C 4 village; flOCxoMHCxBO 9 merit, value, dignity
aepeBeHCKMu 4 rural jipeBHHH 4 ancient
aepeBo {nom. pi. gepeBbfl; gen. pi. aepcBbee) 5 tree; apojKaxb II/3aapojKaxb II 10 to tremble, shiver
wood
flepcBO {sg. only) 3pyr {nom. pi. apysbn; gen.lacc. pi. jjpyseii) friend
flepeBHHHbiM wooden npyr j^pyra (apyry, apyroM, o apyre) 2 each other
flepjKaxb II 1, 2 to keep, hold apyroii 3, 4 another, different, the next;

flecepx 11 dessert na jipyroii flenb the next day

aexM {pi. only) {gen.l acc. flexeii) C 2 children apyjKecKMii 1 friendly
aexcKMii 3, 8 child's, children's, childish apy^HHHiiK 4 member of a prince's retinue
flexcxBO 2 childhood; b gexcxBC as a child flpy^MXb II/noflpyjKMXbCH II c kcm? 6 to be
aeuieBbiM 10 inexpensive, cheap friends with
HMCxa 11 diet; na anexe on a diet flyxb I/nonyxb I 10 to blow; Bexep ayex the wind's
jlMCcepxauMa 1 dissertation; 3amHmaxb/3amHXHXb blowing
aHCcepxauHH) to defend a dissertation ayx 9 spirit

PyccKO-amjiuucKuu cjioedpb mpucma mecmbdecAm mpu 363

flyxoBKa 11 oven %H3Hb (/.) life

ayxoBHbiii 1. 2, 12 spiritual jKMxejib/Hiiixe.abHima 9 inhabitant

ayni shower; npiiHiiMaxb I/npiiHHTb I ayni 3 to take
a shower 3a ropofl, 3a ropoaoM 8 out of town, in the country

aymi C:A 6 soul; no jiyuie to one's liking 3a rpaHiiueM. 3a rpaHiiuy abroad; M3-3a rpaHiiubi
jiyiuHbiii (ayuiHo) 10 stuffy, stifling from abroad
Ubiuiaxb I/nonbiuiaxb II + mcm? 5, 10 to breathe 3a6jiyaHTbCJi II {peif. only) 9 to lose one's way,
aHflfl {gen.lacc. pi. aaaeii) 2 uncle get lost
3a6oneBaxb I/3a5ojiexb I + mcm? 10 to come
Eepeii/Ka 2 Jewish person; eBpeiicKiiM 12 Jewish down with
Eepona Europe; eeponeiicKHii European 3a6biBaxb I/3a6bixb I (3a6yay, 3a6yfleiub) 3 to forget
eaa 8, 1 1 food 3aBapHBaxb I/3aBapiixb II 11 to brew
ejiMHMiia 4 a grade of "F" 3aBex 12 Testament
eniiHCTeeHHbiii 2 singular, sole, only 3aBHaoBaxb I/no3aBMaoBaxb I + komv? 8 to envy
e^KeflHCBHO 12 daily, every day 3aBMcexb II (imperf. only) + ox Koro/nero? 7, 11
e3flMTb II (impeif.) 8 to ride, drive (multidirectional) to depend on

ecTb {irregular cm. euib, ecT, eaiiM, eaiiTe, emr)/ 3aBoaMXb II/3aBecxii I 3. 8 to wind up
CT>ecTb. noecTb 1 1 to eat 3aBoeBbiBaxb I/3aBoeBaxb 18 to conquer, win, gain

exaTb I (imperf.) (eay, eaeuib) 4, 7 to ride, drive 3aBxpa tomorrow; (adj.) 3aBxpamHHH
( unidirectional )/ noexaxb I saropaxb I/3aropexb II 8 to sit in the sun/to get a tan
3aaaBaxb/3aaaxb {irregular see aaxb)
]^Ka.iOBaTbC5i I/nojKajioeaTbCfl I + KOMy? Bonpoc + KOMy? 9 to ask a question
Ha Koro/HTO? 4 to complain saaaniie assignment, task
>Kapa B 10 heat 3ae3>Kaxb I/3aexaxb I + k KOMy? 3a KCM/Heivi? 3, 4
>KapeHbiii 11 roasted to drop in on; stop by for
^apiiTb II/sa^apuTb II 11 to roast; non^^apHTb II 3aiKiiraxb I/3a>KeMb I 8, 11 to light up
11 to fry 3aKa3biBaxb I/3aKa3axb (3aKa%y. 3aKameuib) I 8
>KapKiiii (%apKO ) 10 hot to place an order, to order
>KaaTb (>Kay. Kjieuib) I/noaojKaaxb I 3 to wait for; 3aKaHMnBaxb I/3aK6HHiixb II 4 to finish

jfKny He aojKaycb. I can t wait. 3aKJiaabiBaxb I/3a.i0JKHXb II 3. 9 to found, lay a

iKCJiaxb I/nojKejiaxb I + nero? KOMy? 1 to wish, desire foundation for
JKCiesHaa aopora 8. 9 railroad 3aK.iiOHMxe.ibHbiH 1 concluding, final
>Kejie3Hoaop6iKHbiii 8 railroad, train (adj.) 3aKycKa 11 snack, hors d'oeuvre
>KejiTbiH 5 yellow sajiuB 9 bay
Menax 2 married (of a man ); JKenaxbi married 3aMexKa small newspaper article
jKCHirrbCH II (impeif. 8c peif.) 2 to get married (of a man) 3aMeHaxe.ibHbiii remarkable, wonderful
>KeHiixbC5i II/noHieHiixbCH II 2 to get married 3aMopa>KiiBaxb I/3aMop63iixb II 11 to freeze
(oftwo persons) saMyjK; Bbixoniixb/Bbiiixii 3aMyiK to get marrtied
>KeHHx B:B 2 groom, fiancee 3aMy}KeM 2 married (of a woman)
iKeHCKiiii 1 feminine, women's 3aHiiMaxb I/3aHflXb I (3aMMy, 3aiiMeuib) to occupy.
^eHuiMHa 2, 6, 11 woman borrow
>Kepe6eH|o|K (nom. pi. jKcpeSnxa) 9 colt, pony saniiMaxbCfl I + mcm? 3 to study, to be busy
jKepxBa 10 casualty, victim 3aHjix/3aH«xa/3aHjixbi 3, 9 busy, occupied
>KeMb (>Kry, >KiKeuib) I/c^KCHb (co>Kry, co>K%eiub, 3aHHxiie 3, 4 class, lesson
coJKryx) I + Hxo? 7 to bum saoMHbiM 1 by correspondence
jKMBoii 1 lively; >KiiB/>KiiBa/>KMBbi alive, living 3anar( west; 3anaaHbiH western
^KiiBoniicb if.) 12 painting (as an art form) 3aniicbiBaxb I/3aniicaxb I 1 to note, write down
>kmb6x B:B 10 abdomen, stomach 3aniicbiBaxbC5i I/3anMcaxbCJi I 3 to sign up for.
iKiiBoxHoe 2 (acc. sg. iKHBOxHoe; nom. pi. register
>KiiBdxHbie: {gen. /acc. pi. jkhboxhhx) animal. 3anpaBnflXb I/3anpaBiixb II (MauiHHv) 9 to gas up
aoMauiHee >KHBdxHoe pet (a car)

364 mpucma luecmbdecAm uembipe Cjioodpb

3anpaB0MHaH craHUHn gas station SHaKOivi/sHaKOMa/sHaKOMbi + c KeM/neM? 6
sanpemaxb I/ianpeTMXb II + KOMy aejiaxb hto? 4 familiar with
to forbid, prohibit, ban snaKOMHXbCH II/no3HaK6MMXbC5i c KCM? 1 to meet,

3apa6aTbiBaTb I/iapaSdrarb I 5, 8 to earn make someone's acquainance

3apa6oT|o|K 2 salary, wages snaKOMCXBO 1 acquaintance
3apa>KaTbCH I/3apa3MTbCH
infected, come down with
II + mcm? 10 to get 3HaK6MbiH/-afl
3HaivieHMXbiH 1,
1, 6 friend, acquaintance
12 famous, well known \
3apaHee 1, 8 beforehand SHaxoK (gen. snaxoKa) B:B 1 connoisseur, expert
3apy6ejKHbiii 1,4, 10 foreign 3HaMeHMe 10 meaning: npHjjaBaxb/npimaxb
sacjiyjKiiBaxb I/3ac.iyjKMTb II to be worthy of: 3HaHeHne to attach significance
to deserve SHaHMxe.ibHbiii 9 significant
aacxaeaTb I/sacxaxb I (sacTany. sacxaHeuib) 2 3HaMMXb II (/mperf. o/j/y) 4, 8 to mean: Hxo 3xo
to find, to come upon 3HaMifx? What does this/that mean?
sacxaBjiaxb /sacxaBiixb II 1 1 to force 30.10X0 8 gold: 30.iox6ii golden, made of gold
sacxpeaaxb I/sacxpaxb I (3acxpflHy, sacxpHHeiub) 9 30HX B:B, 36HX11K A:A 10 umbrella
to get stuck spiixejib (m.) 12 viewer, spectator
3acyxa 10 drought 3y6 A:C 10 tooth
3acbinaxb I/sacHvxb I 3 to fall asleep
3axBaxbiBaxb I/saxsaxiixb II 8 to take, seize Mrpa B:A 4, 12 game
3axoaMXb Il/saiixii I + k KOMy? 3a KeM/neM? 2 Mrpaxb I/cbirpaxb 1, 3, 11 + bo mxo?, na mcm?
to stop in on, by for to play

3aMeM 1, 12 what for. why MflXM (impf. )/noHTH to go (by foot) (unidirectional)
sanex 4, 6 test: sanex/HCsaMex Pass/Nonpass M3-3a because of; firom behind
3aMMCJieHiie 1 inclusion, enrollment M3-non from under
3aiiiHxa 1 defense M36a B:A Russian peasant's hut. log cabin
3amHXHiiK 6 defender M36eraxb I/ii35ejKaxb (irregular see SejKaxb) 12
3amifmaxb I/3aimixMXb II + Kord? mxo? to defend to avoid
3a»BjieHne 1 application M3BecxHbiH 12 well known, famous
386333 B:A ipl. 3Be3abi) star u3BiiHHXbCfl I/M3BMHHXbC5i II 3 to excuse oncself
3B0Huxb II/no3BOHifXb II to ring, to call by phone ii3aaxeabcxB0 publishing house
3flaHne 9 building M3aejiiie 11 manufactured article, item
3a6poBo! 8 Great! ii3MeHaxbCJi I/ii3MeHiixbca II 6 to change
3|iop6Bbiii 10 healthy, robust: 3aop6B/3aop6Ba/ M3yMaxb I/n3yMMXb II + HXO? to study/to learn,

3jiop6Bbi 10 healthy, well master

sjiopoBaxbCH I/no3aop6BaxbCJi I + c kcm? 6 MsyHCHMe 2 study; the study of
to say hello to MKpa 11 caviar; impa 3epHHCxaH 10 black caviar
3nop6Bbe 11 health; 3a 3aop6Bbe to (your) health: MMCHHO namely
Ha 3nop6Bbe to your heart's content, as you please MMCXb I to have: Miviexb b Biiay to keep, bear in
(said when encouraging someone to eat) mind: MMexb cmwcx to make sense
3apaBcxByii/xe hello MMnepaxop 1 emperor; MMnepaxpiiua 1 empress;
3e.xeHbiM green MMnepiiH empire
3eMnexpjiceHiie 10 earthquake MMH (n.) (nam. pi. iiMeHa; gen. pi. mmch) B:B
3eM.riH C:A earth, ground, dirt. land, world name (of a person or animal)
3iiMa C:A winter: 3iiM6if in the winter; sumhuh HHmhlcKiiii 11 Indian (from India)
winter HHoroponHMu 1 out-of-town
3J10M (3Jiaji, 3Jibie) 6, 10 mean, wicked, evil; 30Ji/3Jia/ MHOli another: hhumh cjiOBaMii in other words
3.ibi + Ha Koro/Hxo? very angry, vexed (with) MHocxpaH|e{u/iiHOCxpaHKa 6, 8 foreigner
3ivieH B:A 2 snake HHOCxpaHHbiu 8 foreign
3HaK sign, mark: Bonpociixe.ibHbiif 3HaK question MHxe.i.iMreHUMH 12 intelligentsia, educated people
mark: BOCKJiMuaxe.ibHbnl snan exclamation mark iiHxepBbK) (n.) (not declined) 12 interview

PyccKO-amjiuucKuu ciooapb mpucma uiecmbdecAm nnnib 365

MHTcpec + K HCiviy? 12 interest KHHmuTb to rule

HHTepecoBaxb I/3aMHTepecoBaTb II + Koro? 1 KHfl3b [nom. KH5i3bH; acc.lgen. pi. KHUBeii) A:B
to interest prince
HHTepecoBaxbCfl I/iaHHTepecoeaTbca 11+ Keivi/HeM? Koejelp ipl. KOBpbi) B:B 5 carpet, rug
1,6 to be interested in KOJiJiera (m. orf.) 1 colleague
iiH(})opMaTiiKa 2 computer science KOManjia 1, 12 team

iiCKaTb I (limy, limeuib) 5 to look for, to search KOMObiOTep computer; KOMObiOTepHbiH

HCKpeHHUH 6 sincere; licKpeHue 6 sincerely computer (adj.)
MCKyccTBO 12 art KOHBcpx 1 envelope
Mcnyran/a 2 scared KOH|e|u B:B 8 end; b kohuc at the end
MCCjienoBaHMe 2, 12 investigation, paper, study KOHcncKT 4 lecture notes
MCCJieflOBaxb I + mto? to investigate, research KOHcyjibCTBO 8 consulate
MCTopiia history; story, incident KOHTpdjibHaH (paSoxa) + no neiviy? 3, 4 quiz, test

MCTOMHHK 12 source KOHHaxb I/KOHMMTb II + inipetf. inf. to finish doing

something (with animate subjects)
K to. toward KOHHaxbCH I/KOHMMTbca II + MCM? 12 to come to
K CHacTbK) 5 fortunately an end. to end
KaSiiHCT 5 study, den, office Kopa6jib (w.) B:B 8 ship
Ka^ercfl 6 it seems K6p|e|Hb (m.) A:C 8 root
Kaaaxbca I to seem, look like KopiiMHeBbiH 5 brown
KaK To.ibKO 4, 11 as soon as KopHc|jJieKC 11 cornflakes
Kaivi|e|Hb (m.) A:C 3 rock, stone; KaivieHHbiM 3 KopoBa 5, 9 cow
of stone, brick KopoTKMM 6 short
KaMepHbiH 3 chamber (adj). KOCTCJi (gen. sg. Kocxejia) 3 Catholic church
KaHapeiiKa 2 canary KOCT|e|p igen. sg. Kocxpa) B:B 8 campfire
KaHMKVJibi 5, 8 (school) vacation KOCTiOM 10 suit, costume
Kapxa 8 map, card (cards) KOTeH|o|K (nom. pi. KOTHxa; gen.lacc. pi. kotht) 2, 6
KapTHHa 5. 12 picture; movie kitten
KacTpiojiH 11 pot KOTopuH that, which; b KOTopbiii paa for the
KaxaxbCH I/noKaxaTbCfl I 9, 12 to go riding; 'nth' time
KaraTbCH Ha KOHbKax to ice-skate; KaxaTbca Kd(|)e W (m. or n.) coffee
Ha jibi^Kax to ski Kouieji|e|K (gen. sg. KouiejibKa) B:B wallet
KaTo.iuHecKMii 3 Catholic (adj.) KOuiKa A:A/kot B:B 2 cat
KSkfpejipa (na) university department Kpama 5 theft, robbery
KacJjeTepMii 2 cafeteria KpacHTb/noKpacHTb 5 to paint (a house)
Kaui|e|ab Im.) 10 cough KpacHbiu red
KamnflTb I 10 to cough KpacoTa 5 beauty
KaioTa 8 cabin, stateroom (on a ship) KpacTb I (Kpaay, Kpaneuib)/yKpacTb I + mto?
KBapxaji 9 city block y Kord? 5 to steal
KMeB.lHHMH {fWm.pl. KMeB.lflHe)/KMeBJ1HHKa 12 KpenocTHdii 1 serf
a person from Kiev KpenocTb (f.) 9 fortress
KHHO not declined) 3 movie theater; movie KpecTMTb II (impeif. and perf.) to baptize
Kiinexb II/BCKHnexb II 11 to boil/to come to a boil KpecTMTbCH II 5 (impeif. and peif.) to get baptized;
KiinflTiiTb II/BCKMHflTMTb II 11 boiling to cross oneself
KiipKa (KMpxa) 3 (Protestant) church KpecTbflHHH (nom. pi. KpecTbaHe)/KpecTbaHKa
KiiTaifCKMM 11 Chinese (adj.) peasant; KpecTbflHCKiiii 4 peasant (adj.)
Kjiaa6Mme 12 cemetery KpiiMUHajibHbiii 12 criminal
KJiacTb I (Kjiaay, KJiaj]eiub)/no.io}KMTb 5, 11 to put, KpiiTUKa 12 criticism
place in a flat position KpMMaTb II/3aKpnMaTb II + Ha KOrd-MTO?
KHflrMHH prnicess (wife of a prince) to shout (at)
KHfl>KecTBO princedom KpoBaxb (f.) 5 bed

366 mpucma uiecntbdecAm luecinb Cjioedpb

KpoBb (f.) 8, 12 blood jiOMaxbCfl I/cjiOMaxbCH 1 3 to break, become inoperable
KpojiHK 2 rabbit jioxepea 2 lottery
KpoMe + gen. besides jiox|d|K B:B 12 open air stand (at a market)
KpoccoBKU (pi.) (gen. kpocc6b|o|k) 10 running shoes jiduiaub (/.) A:C 2. 9 horse
KpvT A:B 12 circle jiyHa 10 moon
Kpyrjibiii 11 round jiyHiuHU 5, 6, 10 better, best (adj. only): jiyMuie 2, 8
KpyroM all around better, best; Jiynuie Bcerd best of all
KpynHbiM 8 big jibi^H (pi.) (gen. jibixc) 12 skis; Kaxaxbca wa
KCxaxH by the way jibimax to ski

KyjiiiHapHbiii 11 culinary; KyjiMHapnafl KHMra 11 jibicbiii 6 bald

cookbook jiio5e3eH /.iio6e3Ha/jiio5e3Hbi 10 gracious, kind
Kyne 8 train compartment jiio6MMbiH 4 favorite
Kyn|e|u B:B merchant jiioGiixb II/nojiio5MXb II to love, like
KypiiTb II/3aKypMTb II 6 to smoke jiioddBb (/.) + K KOMy/neiviy? 12 love for something
Kypopx 8 resort jiio6dH 1, 6 any
Kypc 1 course; year in college jiiOAH (pi.) {gen.lacc. jiiojieM) people
Kypcosafl paGora 3 term paper
KypxKa 10 jacket (informal), windbreaker ]VIara3MH 9 store
Kyc|6|K B:B 11 piece Mariicxp 1 Master's (degree); MariicxepcKaa
KyxHH (gen. pi. Kyx|o|Hb) 5, 10 kitchen, cuisine cxencHb M.A. degree
Kyuiaxb I 11 to eat. Kyujaii/xe Ha sflopoBbe. Eat as Maji /Ma.ia/Majid/Ma.ib'i 10 too small
much as you want, eat to your heart's content. Majio 4 not enough, not much
MajibMHK 2 little boy
JTarepb (m.) (nom. pi. Jiarepa) A:B 8 camp Mapmpyx 8 itinerary
jianHO 3, 4 all right. OK MacjieHHua 11 Mardi Gras
jiasaxb I and ;ia3iixb II (impf.) 8 to climb Macjio 11 butter, oil, grease
(multidirectional) Macxep Macxepa) A:B 6
(pi. artisan, repair person
Jiana 2 paw MaxepMajibHbiH 2 material
jiaxifHCKMH Latin MaxM 12 game, match
jianxb I/sa.iaaxb I 2 to bark/to start barking Manexa 2 stepmother
jierKMii (.lerKo) 10 light, easy Medejib (f.) (sing, only) 5 furniture
Ji|e|a (gen. sg. .ibjia) 11 ice MejiMiiMHCKMM 2 mcdical
jiemaxb II 5 to lie, be in a flat position MeajieHHbiM (MeajicHHo) slow
jieKapcxBO 10 medicine, medication Mcacay between, among
jieKuiiH 4 lecture, class Me^jiyHapdjiHbiM 1 international
jiec (b necy) (pi. jieca) A:B woods, forest Mena 9 barter
jiexaxb I (impelf.) 8 to fly (multidirectional) MCHflXbCH l/noMeHflXbCJi/odMeHHXbCH 19 to change,
jiexexb II (impeif.) 8 to fly ( unidirectional )/nojieTeTb exchange
jiexo summer; JiexoM in the summer, this/last summer; Mep3||Hyxb I/3aMep3||Hyxb I 10 to be freezing;
(adj.) jiexHHH 5, 8 become frozen
to
jiCMb see jio^KuxbCfl Mecxo A:B 3, 9 place
jiMxyprMHecKMii 1 liturgical MecHu 6 month
jiHXb I (jibK), .ibeiiib)10, 11/HaJiHXb to pour Mexp meter; MexpoBbi id xntttx(adj.)
jiimd B:A 6, 12 face Mexpd (n.) (not declined) 3 subway, metro
jiiiuiHuii extra, superfluous, unnecessary Mex 3 fur
jioBMXb II/nouMaxb I 3, 8 to catch, apprehend MCHxaxb I + o kom/hcm? 12 to dream of. fantasize
jiojKa 3 rowboat vieuiaxb I/cMemaxbl (noMeiuaxb) 11 to stir, mix
jio^MXbCH II/jicMb I (jiHry. -iHiKeuib) 3 to lie down, MUjiHuiioHep 5, 8 policeman (in Russia)
go to bed MUJiMuiiH police (in Russia)
ji6>KKa 11 spoon; HaiiHaH ad^KKa teaspoon; MH.i.iuapii 10 billion
cxoaoBaH jidmKa soupspoon MMjibiu 6 dear, nice, sweet

PyccKo-amjiuucKuu cjiooapb mpucma luecmbdecnm ccMb 367

MMJiH (gen. pi. MMjib) 9 mile Haao it's necessary
MMHMCTp 3 cabinet member HaaoeaaTb/HaaoecTb (irregular see ecTb) + KOMy? 1

Miip peace; world to bore, tire out

MHpMTbCJI II/nOMMpiITbCfl II + C KCM-MeiVI? 6 HaeaaTbCfl/naecTbCH (irregular see ecxb) 11 to get

to make up after an argument enough to eat

MHpoBOli 8, 12 world(ly) Ha3BaHife name (of something)

MJiajiiuHii 10 younger HasHaMaTb I/HasnaHMTb II 2 to appoint, nominate;
MHCHHe 11, 12 opinion; according to; no MHeHMio + gen. to fix, set a date, a meeting
MHoro much, a lot, many Ha3biBaTb I/Ha3BaTb I (Ha30By, Ha30Beiub) to call,

MOJKCT 6biTb 3 perhaps name; Ha3biBaTbCH 12 to be named/called

MOjia 10 fashion; MOHHUii 2 fashionable Haif3ycTb 2, 11 by heart
MOKHO it's permissible, one may: it's possible HaiiMeHOBaniie 1 name, appellation
MOKllHyxb I/npoMOKllHyxbl 10 to get wet, get soaked HaKOHCu finally
MOJiHiifl 10 lightning HaKpuBaTb I/naKpuTb I (HaKpoio, naKpoeuib)
MOJione^KHbiii 8 youth (adj.) Ha CTOji 11 to set a table
MOJioae^b (f.) (sg. only) 12 youth, young people HajieBo 9 to the left
MOJiOflOCTb (f.) 12 youth, younger years (time of HajiHBaTb I/najiuTb I (najibid, najibemb) 11 to pour
life); B MOJioflOCTii in one's youth HaMepen/a + ////. 8 (to) intend to
MOJiOKO 11 milk; mojiomhwiI 5 milk (adj.) HaHHMaTb I/naHflTb I (HaHiviy, HaiiMeuib) 8 to rent
MOJiHaxb II/3aM0JiMaTb II 6 to be silent/to shut up HanpaBjieHHe 1, 9 direction
Mopaa 2 animal's face HanpaBO 9 to the right
Mope (gen. pi. Mopeii) A:B 4, 8 sea Hanpifiviep 1,12 for example
Mop63 10 freezing weather Hapoa people, folk; (adj.) HapdnHuu 1, 3 folk
MopcKoii 8 maritime HacejieHwe 3, 8 population
MOCKBMM B:B/MOCKBifMKa A: A 8 Muscovite HacHjiue 12 violence
MOHiiTb II/HaiviOMMTb II 11 to soak HacjiejiHHK 6, 12 heir
MOMb I (Mory, ivi6jKeuib)/cM0Hb I to be able to HacjiejiCTBO 6 heritage
MpaMHbiii (MpaMHo) dark, gloomy HacMopK 10 headcold
MVJK (nam. pi. MyjKbfl; gen./'acc. pi. MyiKeii) A:B HacTOflmiiii 4 real, actual
husband HacxpoeHHe 6, 9 mood
My>KMK B:B 9 peasant man HacTOJibKO 6 so much
My^KCKoii 1 masculine HacHCT + gen. 11 regarding
My>KMiiHa 6 man HaxiopividpT 12 still life

Myseif 9 museum HayKa 1 science

MyjibTMn,riifKami5i 12 animated film HayMHaH c})aHTacTHKa 12 science-fiction
MyHuminajibHbiii 1 municipal HayHHO-iiccjieflOBaTejibCKMii 1, 12 research
Mycop 5 garbage HayMHbiu 1, 12 scientific
Mbicjib (f.) thought HaxoflMTb II/HaiiTH I 5 to find
HaxojiMTbCH II 3, 8 to be found; be located
Ha flH«x a day or two ago; in a few days HauM3M Nazism; nauHCT Nazi; (adj.) HauucTCKHH
Ha6ifpaTb I/Ha6paTb I (Ha6epy, Ha6epeiiib) to dial Nazi
Ha66p 1 recruitment HauHOHajibHOCTb 2 nationality, ethnic origin
(f.) 1,
HaBepHoe probably HaMa.io 1, 4, 8 beginning; b Hanajie at the beginning
HaBonHeHiie 10 flood HaMa.ribHbiM beginning, primary; HanajibHoe
HaBcrpeMv + KOiviy/Meiviy? towards o6pa30BaHife 1 elementary education
Harpaaa 6 reward HamiHaTb I/HanaTb I (HaMHv, HaMHCuib) 2 + c qero?
HajieBaTb I/Haaerb I (HaaeHv, uajieHeiub) to put on to begin (with animate subjects)
(clothing) HaHiiHaTbCH I/HanaxbCH I (HaMHexcji) + c Mero? 12
HaneHTbCH I + Ha kopo/mto? 1,4 to hope; to count to begin, start (with inanimate subjects)
on, rely on HaMMHKa 1 1 stuffing

368 mpucma mecmbdecAm edccMb Cjioedpb

HaMMTaxbCH (peif. only) 2 to get tired from reading, HyjKeH/HViKHa/HyjKHo/HyjKHbi 9 necessary;
to read to much HVJKHO it's necessary
He5o ipl. HeSeca) A:B 10 sky HMHeuiHHM 12 current
Heea^HO 10 badly, poorly h
Heeecxa 2 bride, fiancee 06a (m./n.), 65e (f.) 2 both
HeaejiH week oSemaxb I/(noo6emaTb) I + hto + Koiwy? 6 to promise
He>KHO 1 tenderly o6if%aTbCfl I/o6HaeTbCfl Il+na Koro/nTo? 6
HesaBMCHMbiH 8 independent; neaaBHCMMOCTb (f.) to take offense
independence oSsop survey
HeKOTopbie 5 some, a few oSmch exchange; no oSvieHy on (an) exchange
He.ib3H 6 one shouldn't, it's forbidden o6Ha%eHHafl naxypa 12 nude (paintings)
HeM|e|u /HCMKa German oSoJKaxb 111 to adore, worship
HeivieuKMM German (adj.) o6o3peBaTejib commentator
HeMHoro 2 a little bit, some o6pa30BaHiie 6 education; formation
HenaBiijieTb II 2 to hate o6pa36BaHHbiif educated
HeoSxoaMMbiii (Heo5xoflMM/a) 6 necessary, unavoidable o6pamaTb I/o6paTUTb II BHMMaHiie 1,9 +
Heo6biMHbiH 2 unusual Ha Koro-HTO? to pay attention
Heo^MjiaHHbiii (Heo^MjiaHHo) 10, 12 unexpected(ly) o6pamaTbCfl I/o5paTMTbCfl II + k Koiviy? (c neivi?) 8
HCOXOTHO 2 unwillingly to turn to, to address; to see someone about
HenpMHTHbiM 6 unpleasant something
HepBHHHaTb 12 to be nervous o6paiueHHe 1 address, form of address
HCCKOJibKO several o6cy*flaTb I/o5cyaMTb II 12 to discuss
HecTii I (hccv, Hcceuib) imperf. 8 to carry ( unidirec- oSyMCHMe 1 teaching, instruction, training
tional )/noHecTn oSmejKMTMe 1, 2 dormitory
HevfloSHbiii (HevfloSHO ) 5 inconvenient oSmecTBO 12 society
HeyaoBJieTBopMTejibHO 4 unsatisfactory o6mecTBeHHbiif 9 public
HecjiTb (f.) 8, 12 crude oil 66mHM 1, 10 common, general
HeMCTHbiii 6 odd (number) o6T>5iBJieHMe 3 announcement, advertisement
HI1...HM 6 neither... nor o6T,HCHaTb I/o5T>5iCHMTb II 6, 12 to explain
HMme 9 lower o5biMaH 6 custom
HI13KMM 9 low oSbiMHO 3 usually
HHKaK 6 no way o6fl3aTejibHbiH (o5H3aTe.iibHo)l, 6, 9 obligatory,
HHMbH 12 no one's; a draw necessary; without fail

HHiuera 9 poverty OBua igen. pi. OB|e|u) B:A 5, 9 sheep

HHiuuii 9 (noun) a beggar OBMapKa 2 sheep dog; HeivieuKafl OBMapKa German
HOBOcejibe 11 house warming party shepherd
HOBOCTb (f. 2 news ) or|6|Hb (m.) igen. sg. orHH) B:B 8 fire

Hora C:C 9 leg, foot orpoMHbiM 2 huge

HOJK B:B 11 knife ojieBaxbCH/oneTbCH I (oaenycb, oneHeiubCJi) 10
Hojib B:B zero to get dressed
HOMep ipl. HOMepa) A:B hotel room; issue of a oaeiKfla (sg. only) 10 clothing; clothes
periodical; HOMep TejietfjOHa telephone number oacHJio 5 blanket, comforter
HopiviaHH Norseman OflHaKO 4 however
HOCHTb imperf. 8 to carry (multidirectional); HOCMXb omMjtaHMe 10 expectation
4)aMMjiiiio 1 to bear the name; HOCMXb + an article o^MjiaTb to expect
of clothing 9 to wear d3epo inom. pi. osepa) A:B 5 lake
HOHb (f.) night; HOMbio during the night, at night; osHaKOMJiCH/a 1 familiar (with)
(adj.) HOHHOM night 110 to tum out; to turn up
0Ka3biBaTbCfl I/oKasaTbca
HpaBHTbCfl II/noHpaBHTbCfl II + KOMy? to appeal to; OKaHMHBaTb I/oKOHHHTb 11+ MTO? to finish, end;
to like OKaHHHBaTb/oKOHMMTb uiKOJiy (yHMBepcMxex)
HyjKjjaxbCH I + B neivi? 12 to be in need of to graduate from school (from college)

PyccKo-amjiuiicKuu cjioGdpb mpucma mecmbdecAm deenmb 369

OKaHMiieaTbCfl I 1 to end oxKpbixKa 2 post-card, greeting card

OKOJio 3 about, near oxKpbixbiii (oxKpbixo) 1 open(ly)

OKOHHaHue (oKOHMaHMe uiKO.ibi, yHUBepcHTera) 1 oxKyjia 6 from where
end (graduation) oxjiMHaxbCH 1,8 to differ from
0Kpy>KaK)maH cpe^a 1 environment oxjiMHHMK/oxjiMHHMua 6 Straight "A" student
ojiMMnMajia Olympic games oxjiMMHbiii 4, 8 excellent, outstanding; oxjimmho 4
ona3jibiBaTb I/onosaaxb I to be late (for), to miss excellent, a grade of "A"
onacHbiii dangerous oxMexKa 3, 4 grade; cxaBwxb II/nocxaBMXb
II

onepoKaxb I/onepeflMTb II 12 to leave behind, oxMexKy to give a grade; nojiynaxb I/nojiymixb

outdo II oxMexKy to receive a grade

onHcaHMe 6 description oxnpaBjiflXb I/oxnpaBMXb II to send, dispatch

oniicbiBaTb I/onMcaxb 18 to describe oxnycK {noni. pi. oxnycKa) A:B 8 vacation, time off
onpdc survey oxnycKaxb/oxnycxMXb 2 to let go
onHTb 12 again oxpeaaxb I/oxpe3axb I (oxpe^y, oxpejKcuib) 11
opraHiooeaTb I (imperf. and perf.) 8 to organize to cut, slice off

op|e|ji (gen. opjia) B:B 6 eagle oxpbiBOK passage (from a text)

opKecxp 3 orchestra, band oxcxaaaxb I/oxcxaxb I (oxcxany, oxcxaneuib) + ox
ociviaxpMBaxb I/ociwoxpexb II 8 {here: to sightsee) Koro/nero? 3 to lag behind; to be slow (for clocks
ocBo5o>Kflaxb I/ocBoSonMXb II 6 to liberate, free and watches)
ocBoSojKaaxbCH I/ocBo5ojiMXbCH II 8 to get free oxHaHHMC 2 desperation, despair; 5bixb b oxMaHHMH
ocHOBaHiie 1 foundation to be desperate; to be in despair
ocHoeaxejib (m.) 1, 12 founder oxMecxBO 1 patronymic
ocHOBHOii 1,12 basic, main, fundamental oc{)MUMajibHbiH 1 official (adj.); oc{)HUMajibHoe jimuo
ocHOBbiBaxb I/ocHOBaxb I 9 to found official
oc65eHHbiH special o4)MmiaHx/Ka 8, 11 waiter, waitress; server
oc66biii 5 special, particular OHKO {noni. pi. ohkm; gen pi. omkob) B:B 12 point
ocxaBaxbc« I (ocxaidcb, ocxaembCJi)/ocxaxbCH I (in a game or competition)
(ocxaHycb, ocxaHeuibCH) to remain, stay OHHbiii 1 regular classroom (instruction) as opposed
ocxaBjiHXb I/ocxaBiixb II 8 to leave behind to correspondence
ocxaJibHoe 5 (the) remaining oiuiiSKa 2 mistake, error; aejiaxb/cjiejiaxb ouiiidKy
ocxaHaB.miBaxbCH I/ocxaHOBMXbca 11+ r^e? 8, 9 to make a mistake
to come to a halt; to stop, to stay
ocxop6>KHbiii (ocxopojKeH/ocxopojKHa/ocxopojKHbi) IlafleHiie 6 fall. drop, degradation
9 careful, cautious; ocxopo^HO carefully; najiaxKa 8 tent
watch out, be careful najioMKif 11 chopsticks, drumsticks
dcxpoB (nom. pi. ocxpoBa) A:B 5, 9 island naMHXHiiK 9 monument
ocxpbiii 1 1 sharp, hot, spicy naMHXb (/.) 8 memory
oxBCx 3, 9 answer, reply nana (Phmckmm) 3 the Pope
OXBCMaXb I/oXBCXMXb II + KOlVty? Ha MXO? 1, 5 nap|e|Hb (m.) A:C 6 lad. fellow, guy
to answer, reply, respond napxiifl 12 game
oxflaBaxb I/ox^axb {irregular see jiaxb) 1, 8 to give nacMypHbiH (nacMypHo) 10 cloudy, overcast
back, return nayK B:B 2 spider
oxnejieHMe 1 department, section; BenepHee nax||Hyxb I/3anax||Hyxb I + hcm? 11 to smell (of)
(aneBHoe, ohhoc, saoMHoe) oxaejicHiie 1 evening neB|e|u B:B /neBiiua A:A 1 singer
(full-time, correspondence) division nejiaroruqecKMM 1 pedagogical, teacher-training
oxae.ibHbiii (oxaejibHo) 4 separate(ly) neii3a>K 12 landscape
dxflbix 8 rest, relaxation neabMCHM (pi.) {gen. nejibivieHeii) 11 pelmeni,
oxflbixaxb I/ox;ioxHyTb I 5 to relax, rest, take a vacation ravioli, wantons
oxcMecxBO fatherland; oxcMecxBeHHwii of the neHciifl 2pension; 6bixb Ha nencMU to be retired
fatherland, domestic: OxeMecxBCHHaH BoiiHa the nepBoe 11 first course (soup)
War of 1812; BejiiiKaH OxeMecxBCHHaa BoifHa nepBOHaMajibHo 5 originally
World War II (in Russia) nepsbiH first

370 mpucma ceMbdecmn Cjioedph

nepeeon 5 translation; nepeeojiHTb II/nepeeecTM I njibixb I (njibiBy, njibiBeuib)/nonjibixb 18 to swim,
(nepeeefly, nepeeefleuib) to translate, interpret; sail, float (unidirectional)
nepeBOflMecKMM 1 for translators, translating; njiHHi 8 beach
nepeBOflMMK/nepeedaHMua interpetor, translator no + dat. along, according to
nepenasaTb I/nepeaaxb (irregular see flaxb) 5, 11 no-apyroiviy another way
to transmit, hand over, pass no-HacxoHmeviy the real (right) way, really
nepeaana 12 broadcast, transmission no-npejKHeviy 12 formerly, as before
nepee3>KaTb I/nepeexaxb I 5 to move, change residence noSeaa 12 victory
nepejKMBaTb I/nepe>KMTb I (nepejKMsy, no6eflMxejib/no6enMxejibHMua 1 victor, winner
nepe^Meeuib) 2 to live through, endure noSe^jiaxb I/no6eflifXb II 12 to conquer, win
nepeMMeHOBbieaTb I/nepemvieHOBaTb I 9 to rename noSepeiKbe 1 coast, shoreline
nepeoaeBaxbCH/nepeoaeTbCJi I (nepeoacHycb, noBap (nom. pi. noBapa) A:B 11 cook, chef
nepeoflCHeiubCJi) 10 to change clothing noBeflCHMe 6 behavior
nepeniicKa 5 correspondence; bcctm nepeniiCKy + noBesxM + KOMy? 5 to be lucky; BaM noBCSJio.
c KCM? to correspond with; nepeniicbiBaTbCH You're lucky.
(impeif. only) + c kcm? to correspond with noBCCXb (f.) A:C 12 novella
nepecraBaTb I/nepecrarb I (nepecTany, noBopaMHBaxb I/noBcpHyxb 19 to turn
nepecraHeuib) + inf. 8 to stop, cease noBpemaaxb I/noBpeaiixb II 10 to harm
nepeyji|o|K 3 alley, narrow street noBopox 9 turn, curve
nepexoflMTb II/nepeiiTii I 2, 9 to cross, transfer noBxopeHMe review
nepo {nom. pi. nepbfl; gen. pi. nepbCB) B:A 4 feather noBxopMxejibHbiii review (adj.)
necH» (gen. pi. neccH) 1 song noBxopflXb I/noBxopiixb II to repeat; to review
neTep6yp>K|e|u/neTep5ypiKKa 9 person from norMSaxb/noniSHyxb I 2, 9 to perish
St. Petersburg noroBopKa 1, 6 saying
nexyx B:B 5 rooster noroaa 10 weather
nexb I (noM), noeuib)/cnexb I 3 to sing noaaBaxb I/noaaxb (irregular see aaxb) 11 to serve;
nenaxaxb I/Hanenaxaxb I 3, 4 to type, print noaaBaxb I/noaaxb 3aflBjieHue 1 apply for
nenaxaxbCJi I 5, 12 to be printed noaajibuie 6 a bit further

ncHb I (ncKy, neneujbVMcneMb I 5, 11 to bake noaap|o|K 6 gift

neuiKOM 8 by foot no^Baji 5 basement

HMK (Hac/Macb'i nMK) 8 peak (rush hour) no303peBaxb I (noao3peBaio, noao3peBaemb) + Kord
niicbMeHHbiii 4 written fot// J; nncbivieHHO in B HCM? 6 to suspect
writing; niicbMeHHbiii cxoji 1 desk; nMCbvieHHbiM noanHCbiBaxb I/noanncaxb II to sign
3K3aMeH written exam noaniicbiBaxbCfl I/noflnMcaxbca II to sign one's
nMXb I (nbio, nbemb)/BbinMXb 4, 11 to drink name; noflnMCbiBaxbCH/noanMcaxbca Ha mxo?
njiaBaHMe 12 swimming, sailing to subscribe to
njiaBaxb I (imperf.) to swim, sail (multidirectional) ndnnucb (f.) 1 signature
njianax 6 poster, flyer noapdSHO 9 in detail, minutely
njiaKaxb I (njiany, njiaMeuib)/3anjiaKaxb I 2 to cry, no3pdcx|o|K 2 adolescent
weep noapyra 2, 6 girlfriend, woman friend
njiaxa 3a yneSy tuition noapaa 3 in a row
njiaxiixb Il/sanjiaxiixb II + 3a Koro/nxo? 2, 6, 7, 8 ndesa (pi. noe3aa) A:B 8 train
to pay (for) noe3aKa 8 trip
njiaxHbiii 1 paid, requiring payment no^ap 10 fire
njiax|6|K B:B 10 kerchief noKuadn 2 middle aged, elderly
njiaiu B:B 10 raincoat no3aaM + gen. 5 behind
njieBaxb I (njiioio, njiioeuib) 6 to spit no3BoaHXb I/no3BdaMXb II 8 permit
njieivia (n.) (nom. pi. njicMena; gen. pi. njieivieH) A:B nosapaBaaxb I/no3apaBMXb II + Kord? c mcm? 9, 11
tribe to congratulate

njieno (nom. pi. njiCMM; gen. pi. hjicm) B:C 10 shoulder noKa 4, 5, 9 while, in the meantime; good-by,
njioiuaflb (/J A:C 9 square so long; noKa ... He + verb until

PyccKo-amjiuucKuil cjioedpb mpucma ceMbdecnm odun 371

noKasbiBaxb I/noKasaxb I + hto? komv? to show, nocbLiaxb I/nocJiaxb I (nouijiid, noni.ienib) 8 to send

demonstrate noxoM 6 after that. then, later

noKvnaTb I/Kyniixb II 5 to buy. purchase noxpsicaiomiiM 11, 12 tremendous, stupendous

noKvnKa 5 purchase noxda 4, 8 hike; military campaign; xomixb - m^xm
noji 1 sex (male, female); floor (na nojiy) B noxdj to go hiking, camping
no.ie3Hbiii useful: nojie3Hbie iiCKonaeMbie 8 minerals noxdiK/noxd«a/noxdJKii 2, 6, 10 similar, alike

no.iHueiicKHH 5 policeman noHXM almost

no.iMUHH 5 police no33MH poetry
no.iHOMb 3 midnight no3Ma 2 (long) poem
nd.iHbiii 6, 12 full, stout: no.iHoe mmh 1 full name no3x poet
no.iOBMHa 3, 5 half; ... c no.iOBiiHOM... and a half no3xo\iy 1 therefore
nojiojKMTb see Kjiacxb noHB.iHXbCfl I/noflBMXbCH II + Kyaa? 3 to appear,

no.xoxHO 12 canvas, painting show up

no.ixopa Vno.ixopbi (f.) 3 one and one half npaSaSyuiKa 2 great grandmother
no.iyocxpoB 4 peninsular npas/npaBa/npaBbi right, correct; He npaB/ne
nojivHaxb I/no.iyMMXb II 1, 5, 8 to receive npaBa/He npaBbi wrong, incorrect; Kxo npaB?
nonyMaxbCH /nojiymixbCJi 8 to happen, to turn out Who's right?
no.iHaca 3 half hour npaBjia 4, 12 truth

no.MemiiK/noMemiiLia 1 landowner, owner of an npaBM.io 1 rule; KaK npaBHjio as a rule

estate with serfs npaBHJibHbiM (npaBUHbHo) 9 correct; right
noMHMXb II/BcnoMHHXb II 8, 12 to remember, recall npaBMxe.ib/Hima ruler
noMoraxb I/noMOHb I (noMory, noMOiKeuib) + npaBMxe.ibcxBO 12 government
KOMy/Meiviy? 4 to help, aid, assist npaBO 4 law; right, entitlement
noMOuiHHK/noMOiiiHima 4 helper, assistant npaBOBeaeHiie 1 law as an academic subject
noMoiub (f.) 8 help, aid npaBOC.iaBHbiM 3 Russian or Greek orthodox
noHiiMaxb I/noHHXb I (noiiMy, noiiivieiub) to understand npaBbiii 3 right (as opposed to left)
nonaaaxb I/nonacxb I (nonaay, nonaaeuib) 9 to get npaaea, npaaeayuiKa 2 great grandfather
somewhere npa3aHifK 9 holiday
nonpaBjiHXbCH I/nonpaBMXbCH II 10 to get well; npaKxiiMecKii practically
to gain weight npeBOCxdjHbiii 10 superlative, superior
nopa time; nopa + 4 it's time to
////'. npcBpamaxbCH I/npcBpaxiixbCH II to turn into
nopor 6 threshold npejrdpbe 8 foothills
nopdja 2 breed npeaJiaraxb I/npexiOiKiixb II 5, 8 to propose,
nopHnlolK 2 order; Bee b nopnjKe. Everything's O.K. suggest, offer
nocBfluiaxb I/nocBjJxiixb II 8 to dedicate, devote npej.iomeHiie sentence, suggestion, offer
nocepeaiiHe (nocpeaw) + ^en. 9 in the middle of npe;i\iex 4 subject
nocemaxb I/nocexiixb 11+ mxo? 5 to visit npeaocxaB.iHXb I/npejocxaBiixb II + mxo? KOMy? 1
nocae + gen. 5 after to grant, give
noc.ie xoro KaK 2 after npejnoHMxaxb I/npeanoqecxb I (npejnoMxy,
noc.ieBoeHHbiii 2 post-war npejnoHxeuib) 12 to prefer
nocjiejiHiiii 6 last npeacenaxejib 1 chair person
nocioBima proverb npeacxaBJiHXb I/npejcxaaiixb II 1, 11 to introduce,
noc|6|-ri B:B 4 ambassador present
nocd.ibcxBO 8, 10 embassy npe;jycMaxpiiBaxb I/npe;jycMoxpexb II 1 to foresee,
nocxejib if.) 10 bed, bed linens provide for
nocxencHHO 3 gradually npe^Kae before
nocxoHHHO 1 1 constantly npeKpacHbiM beautiful, fine, excellent
nocxynaxb I/nocxyniixb II + Kyua? 1 to apply (for) npeMMfl 12 prize
/to enroll (in) npenoaaBaxe-ib 2 instructor, teacher
nocyaa (sg. only) 5, 11 dishes, glassware npenoaaBaxb I (imperf. only) + mxo? KOMy? 1 to teach

372 mpucma ceMbdecnm dea Cjioedpb

npn + prep. 1 at. attached to, in the presence of npoBoaiiTb II /npoBecTii I (npoBejy, npoBejemb) 9,

npii6biBaTb I/npii6biTb I (npMSyay, npMSyaeuib) 6 12 to spend, conduct: npoBOjiixb /npoBecTii

to arrive BpcMH to spend time
npiiBex 6 greetings: nepejaeaTb/nepeaaTb npHBcr npoFHOS 10 forecast, prognosis ^
to say hello npoaonjKaxb + HTO?/aewiaTb mto? to continue

npiiBUBKa 8, 10 shot, vaccination npoao.iJKaxbca I (only third-person forms used) 12

npiiB03HTb II/npiiBe3TM I (npMBcay, npuBeseuib) 9 to continue

to bring, deliver (by vehicle) npoe3JKaTb I/npoexaxb 19 to get to: to drive

npMBbiKaxb I/npMBbiK||HyTb I k K0My3MeMy? 5, 10 (by. through, past)

to get used to npoMrpbiBaxb I/npoMrpaxb I 12 to lose (at a game)
npMP.iauiaTb I/npiir.iaciiTb II 5, 11 to invite npoM3BejeHiie 5, 12 production, work
npiir.iaiueHne 11 invitation npon3BOjHTb II/npoii3BecTii I (npoii3Bejy,
npiiesiKaTb I/npiiexaxb I 9 to arrive npon3Be;iemb) to produce: npoM3BecTH
npiie.MHafl komiicchh 1 admissions committee BneMax.ieHMe + na Koro? 5, 6 to make an
npiieMHbiii 2 adopted: adoptive: npiieMHbiu cbiH impression on
adopted son: npiie.viHbnl oreu adoptive father: npoMCxojMTb II/npoM30MTM 12 to happen, to occur
npiieMHafl aoHb adopted daughter: npMeMHaa npoMCuiecTBMe 12 incident, event, accident
Maxb adoptive mother: npueMHbiii pe6eH|o|K npoMbim.ieHHbiii 8 industrial
adopted child npoHMKaxb I/npoHMK||HyTb 15 to penetrate
npii3BaHiie 4. 10 vocation, calling npona;iaTb I/nponacTb I (nponajiy, npona;iemb) 5
npioep 1 prize winner to die. perish

npiiK.iajiHoii 1 applied nponoBeab (f.) 5 sermon

npiiK.iioHeHiie 12 adventure: npMK.iioMeHHecKMif 12 npocBemeHiie 1 enlightenment
adventure (adj.) npocMTb II/nonpocMTb II 11 to ask. beg. request
npiLieraxb I/npii.iexeTb II 9 to arrive, fly in npocTOM (npocTo) 4, 10 simple
npiiNiep example npocTopHbiii (npocTopHO) 5 spacious
npiiMepHO 9. 11 approximately npocTyja 10 a cold
npHNiera 8 special feature, sign, omen npocryiKaTbCH I/npocTyjMTbc» II 10 to catch a cold
npiiHaj-iajKaTb (impeif. only) II + komv? to belong to npocbinaxb I/npocnaxb II (npocn.iio, npocnuuib) 3
npiiHiiMarb I /npiiHHTb (npMMy, npMMeiub) 1, 9, 11
I to sleep through, to miss
to accept, take: npiiHMMaTb/npiiHHTb yHacxMe b npocbinaTbca I/npocHVTbCH I 3, 4 to wake up
MCM? to participate in npoTMB + gen. opposite, against
npiiHHTiie 5 acceptance npoxnaaubiii (npox.iajHo) 10 cool
npuHHTO 2 accepted, done npoxojiMTb II/npoMTii I 2, 9 to pass (by, through);
npiipoja 4, 9 nature to study material in classes (in school)

npiica^KiiBaTbCfl I/npiicecxb I (npncaay, npoxd^HM 9 passer-by

npiiCHjeuib) 6 to take a seat npouijioe the past
npiiCBaiiBarb I/npiiCBOiixb II 1 to give, confer, award npoiujibiii 8 preceding, last, past
npiicbi.iaTb I/npiiciaxb I (npmu.iid. npiiui.ienib) + npomaHMe 4 farewell
KOMy? MTO? 5 to send npomaxb I/npocxiixb II to forgive, pardon
npiiCTernBaTbc» I/npiicxerHyTbCH I to buckle up npomaTbCfl I/nonpomaTbCJi 1+ c KeM/qeivi? 6
npiixoaiiTb II/npiiiiTii I b ro.iOBy 2 to think of to say good-by to

npiixojHTbCJi II /npiiiiTHCb I + KOMy? 3 to have to, npomeuMe forgiveness: npoiuy npoiueHun

be forced to pardon me
npiiMCM 11 moreover npbiraxb I/opbirnyTb I 12 to jump
npiiHTHbiii (npiiflTHo) 1.11 pleasant npbirvH B:B 12 jumper, pole vaulter
npo 6 about npbi>K|6|K B:B 12 jump, leap
npoSKa 8 traffic jam npHMO 8 directly, straight ahead
npoSoBaxb I/nonp66oBaTb I 3. 8. 11 to taste, try, nyS.iiiKOBaTb/onyS.iMKOBaTb I 6 to publish

try one's hand at nycKaii 11 let

npoBa.iiiBaTb I/npoBa.iMTb II 4, 6 to fail, flunk nycTbiHa 5 desert

PyccKO-amjiuucKuu cjioedph mpucma ceMbdecnm mpu 373

nycTb 1 1 let pcKopfl record; cxaBiixb II/nocxaBMXb II peKopa 12
nyreuiecTBHe 8 journey, trip to set a record

nyreiuecTBOBaTb I + rfle? 8 to travel pcKxop 1 head of a university or college

nyTb (m.) B:B way, road; e nyTii on the way pcMOHX 5 repairs
nyx 4 down peMOHXMpoBaxb/oxpcMOHXMpoBaxb 5 to make
nbiTaxbCH I/nonbiTaxbCH 19 to attempt repairs, repair

nbeca 11 play penexMUMH 3 practice, rehersal; penexiipoBaxb I 3

nflxepKa 4 a grade of "A" to rehearse, practice
pe(|)epax 4 term paper
PaSoMiiii/paSoMafl 2 worker pei|eH3iifl 12 review (book, film)
paBHbiii equal peuenx 11 recipe
paa/pajia/pajibi 10 glad, happy pcHb (f.) A:C 1, 12 speech; penb Maex (o hcvi?)
paaoBaTbCH I/oSpajjoBaxbCfl I to be glad the topic of conversation is ...

pa3BonMTbCH II/pa3BecTMCb I (pasBcaycb, pemaxb I/peuiiixb II 5 to decide

pa3BeaeuibCfl) 2 to get divorced peuieHue 8 decision

pasroBapMBaxb (impeif. only) 6 to converse, talk with pojwoM (pojiMjibMbiii floivi) 2 maternity hospital
pasroBop 1 conversation, talk poaMHa native land, country
pa3JiMMHbiM 5 different, various, diverse (syn. pasHbiii) poflMxejiM (pi. only) (gen./acc. poflMxejieii) 6 parents
pa3opHTbCH I/pa3opHTbCH II 11 to go brokc, bankrupt poj^uxbCH (perf.) to be bom
pa3peuiaTb I/paspeuiMTb II + KOMy? 1 to permit poaHOH native; poanoii ropoa 1 hometown; poaHOH
pa3peuieHHe 3, 12 permission H3biK native language
pa3pyuiaTb I/pa3pyuiMTb II 9 to destroy poflocjiOBHafl 6 genealogy, pedigree
pa3pyu]eHiie 10 destruction poncxBeHHMK/po^cxBeHHMua 1 relative
paMOH region, area, district poiKaeHMe 8 birth; ^CHb po^K^eHiifl birthday
paHHMM (paHo) 3 early PojK^ecxBo (XpMcxoBO) 4 Christmas
pacnan 8 disintegration, breakup pojib (f.) A:C 12 role
pacna^axbCH I/pacnacTbca I 8 disintegrate poMaH 6, 12 romance; novel; Y (kofo?) poMaH.
pacnMcaHMe 4 schedule They date.
pacnoji6>KeH/a 8 located pocKOuib (f.) 1 luxury, splendor
pacnpoaa>Ka 10 sale poccHHCKHH pertaining to Poccmh
paccKas story, narration, tale pocx 6 height
paccKa3biBaTb I/paccKa3aTb I 3 to tell, narrate poajibfm.j3 grand piano
paccraBaTbCH I/paccxaxbca I (paccxanycb, py6auiKa 10 shirt
paccxaHcuibCfl) + c KCivi/Meivi? 3 to part with pyKa C:C 9 hand, arm
paccxaBJiHXb I/paccxaBMXb II 5 to place, set up, pyKOBoaMxejib/-HMua 3 leader, supervisor, advisor
set apart pyKOBOj^MXb II 12 to supervise
paccxpdeH/paccxpocHa 2, 6 upset pbi6a fish; pbi6Ka 2 tropical fish; (adj.) pbi6HbiM
paccbinaxb I/paccbinaxb I 6 to spill 11 fish
pacxu I (pacxy, pacxeiubVBbipacxu I 1 to grow/ pbi^KMM 6 red-haired
to grow up pflAOM 6 nearby, closeby; pHaoM c + instr. next to,
pe6eH|o|K (jjI. qexM) 1. 2 child, baby; children beside
peSHxa (pi. only) {gen.lacc. pe5ax) 6 fellows, guys
pe;iaKuufl editorial board; niicbivid b peaaKiiHio C xex nop 3 since then, since that time
letter to the editor caa (b caay) A:B 5 garden
peflKOCXb if.) 2 rarity; peaKMii rare, infrequent; caaiixbcn Il/cecxb I (cHflv, cflfleuib) + Kyna? 9 to sit

sparse down, to take a seat; caflMXbca/cecxb B/na aBx66yc

pe>Kuccep 12 play, movie director (B/Ha noesa) 9 to board a bus (train)
pesaxb I (pejKv, pe>Keiiib)/Hape3axb 111 to slice, cut canoBHiiK 5 gardener
pe3y,jibxax 1 result cajKaxb/nocafliixb b xiopbiviy to put in jail; to imprison
pcKa C:A 5, 8 river caji4)exKa {gen pi. caji4)ex|o|K) 11 napkin, tissue
peKnaivia advertisement caivi/caivia/caMii oneself

374 mpucma ceMbdecnm nembipe Cjioedpb

 4

caMOJiex 6 plane cifHiiH 5 dark blue

caMOCTOHTCibHO 2 independently CMHxaKciic syntax
caMoynpaB.iHeMbiii 1 self-governing CKa3Ka {gen. pi. CKa3|o|K) 1, 9 folk tale, fairy tale
caMOVHKa (m. or/j 6 self-taught person CKa.ia B:A 8 rock, crag, cliff
canor) B:B 10 ojmh
canorii (pi.) (gen. boots (sg. CKjiOHeHHC declension
^
candr) CK.ioHHXb I/npocKjioH«xb I to decHnc 1

cSeraxb I (peif. only) 9 to run somewhere and back CKOBopojia A:C 11 frying pan
c66pHafl (KOiviaHja) 12 national team CKonbKO 3 how much, how many
c6opHiiK 1, 2 collection (of literature, articles) CKopo 2. 4 soon
CBajbSa 2 wedding CKVMaxb I + no KOMy-MCMy? 5 to miss: to be bored
CBejeHiiH (usually pi.) 1 information; (sg. ceeaeHiie) CKyMHbiii 6 boring: Mhc ckvmho. 2 I'm bored,
CBe^itii 5. 10 fresh: CBemo 10 crisp, very cool c.iasa 12 glory; cjiaBa Bory 2, 8 thank God
(about weather) cnaBHHim {tiom. pi. cjiaBHHe)/cjiaBHHKa Slav;
CBCT (Miip) 8 world: BOKpyr CBCxa around the world cjiaBflHCKiiii Slavic
CBCT light ciemixb II + 3a kcm/mcm? 12 to keep track of, watch
CBeT.ibiii 6 bright, light Cfieaoeaxb I/nocnc;ioBaxb I 5, 11 to follow;
CBeT0c|)6p 9 traffic light c.ieayex one should
CBCMa B:C 11 candle cjiejyiomiiii 4, 6 following, next
CBiuanife 6 date, rendezvous cjiOBapb B:B (m.) dictionary
CBiicTeTb II/3acBiicTeTb II 6 to whistle Cjiobo A:B word
CBo663Hbiii 10 free, unhindered: c.iOH B:B 5 elephant
CBo66aeH/cBo66aeH/cBo66aHaycBo66aHbi free, CjiyjK6a service, work
vacant, unoccupied cjiyx 3 hearing, ear for music
CBoii 2 one's own cjiVHaxbCfl I/cjivHMXbCH II + c kcm/hcm? 3
CBH3b (f.) 1 connection: b cbhsii + c kcm/mcm? to happen (to)

regarding, in connection with ciyHaii event, opportunity, accident, case

CBHTOii 5 holy cjiyuiaxb I/noc.iyuiaxb I 1 to listen to
crna3iiTb II Ipeif. only) 6 to put the evil eye on cjiymaxbCH I/noc.iymaxbCH I + Koro/Mcro? 2,
cjaBaxb I/caaxb (irregular see naxb) 9 to turn in; to obey, to listen to

caaBaTb/caaTb 3K3a.vieH to take/pass an exam cjibiuiaxb I/ycjibimaxb 16 to hear

caejiKa 8 business deal cjiHKOXb (f.) 10 slush
ceSfl self CMCHHXb I/cMCHMXb II + Hxo? 9 to replace, exchange
cesep 2 north; ceBepHbiil northern CMcpxb (/. death )

cerojHH today: cer6;iH5iuiHiiii 12 today s CMCiuHOH funny: cmciuho funny, absurd

cejio B:A 2 village CMCHXbCJi I/3acMCHXbC5i 16 to laugh
cejibCKOxo3HHCTBeHHbiii 10 agricultural CHanana 3, 6 at the beginning, at first

ceMiiHap 4 seminar CHcr 9 (b CHcry) A:B 9 snow

ceMbfl B:A 1, 2 family CHcrona;! 10 snowfall
cepjMT/cepaiiTa + na Koro/MTO? 2. 10 angry CHiiMaxb I/cHflXb I (cHiiMv, CHHMeuib) 1. 2, 5 to rent:
cepe6pHHbiii 12 silver ^ai/yj to take off: to photograph; CHMMaxb/cHaxb KOMHaxy
cepejMHa 2 middle to rent a room; CHHMaxbCH to be photographed
cepbiii 5 gray CHMXbCH II KOMv? -I- to dream of
cecciifl 1 exam period, finals week; session co6aKa 2 dog
cecxpa (nom. pi. cecxpbi: gen.lacc. pi. cecxep) B:A co6iipaxb I/co6paxb I (co5epy, co6epeuib) 1

sister: jiBOi6poaHa}i cecrpa cousin; CBOjiHan to gather, collect

cecxpa stepsister co5npaxbCH/co6paxbC5i 3, 4 to assemble, gather

ciuexb II 4, 11 to be in a sitting position; cimexb together: to pack up. get your things together:
{third person only) + Ha kom? 10 to fit (about clothing) to intend, plan on (doing something)

ciLia 10 strength, force co6paHiie 12 collection: meeting

ciLibHbiii 10 strong cdScxBCHHO 11 strictly, properly
ciiMnaxuHHbiH 6 nice, attractive codcxBCHHbiH 11 one's own; proper

PyccKo-amjiuucKuu c.ioedph mpucma ceMbdecnm nnmb 375

 )

coCbiTue 2. 11 event cnifc|o|K 1. 8 list

coBepuiaTb I coBepmHTb 11 noeajKv 8 to take a trip cniiHKa 8 match

coBex 11 advice cndpuxb II nocndpiixb II 8 to argue, bet

coBeTHHK 4 advisor, counselor cnopx3a.i gym. health club

coBeroBaTb I nocoBeTOBaTb I + koniy? 9 to advise: cnoc66Hbiii 6 capable
coBeTOBaTbca I nocoBeTOBaTbCH I + c kcm? 4 cnpatuMBaxb I cnpociixb II + Koro? o mcm? (mxo?)
to consult with, seek someone's advice y Koro? to ask: to ask a question
coBpe\ieHHbiii 9 contemporary cnparaxb I npocnpflraxb I + hto? to conjugate

coBCCM completely cnpayKCHiie conjugation

cor.iaccH cor.iacHa cor.iacHbi c kcm MeM? cnycKaxbCH I cnycTHTbca II 3 to descend
agreed, agreeable cpaBHewne comparison: no cpaBHeHiiio +
cor.iainaTbca cor.iacHTbca II + c Kevi/MeM? 8 c KeM/MCM? in comparison with
to agree cpaBHiiBaxb I cpaBHHXb II Koro MXO? c kcm/mcm?
coaep>KaHne 12 content, contents 10 to compare
co3BaHiiBaTbca I coBBOHiixbca I 5 to give each cpaBHiixe.ibHbiii 10 comparative
other a ring cpejH + gen. among
co.iMTb II noco.iMTb II 11 to Salt, pickle cpeaHiiii 8 middle, average: cpeaHSS mKo.ia 1

co.iHue 10 Nun: co.iHeMHMii 10 sunny high school

co.ib (f.)ll salt cpoK 1 time, period, term
coMHeBaxbCJi 9 +b kom mcm? to doubt ccopa 1. 6 quarrel: ccopiixbca II noccdpiiTbCJi II +
c|o|h sleep: dream: Biiaexb (kopo mxo?» bo cue c KeM? 6 to have a quarrel \\ ith

to dream of craBiixb II nocxasiixb II 5 to put in an upright

cooSmaxb I/coo6mHTb II to communicate. ref>ort. position: craBHTb nocraBiixb Mamibty 9 to park a
inform can cxaBiixb nocxaBiixb OTMerKii 10 to give grades

cooxBexcxBosaxb + hcmv? I 4 to correspond to cxaaiiOH (Ha) 12 stadium

copeBHOBaHiie 12 comijetition cxa>Kep 6. 8 exchange student: intern: cxa^KiipoBKa 1

copT (noni. pi. copra) A:B 11 t\pe. kind internship

cocea (nom. pi. cocejii) coceaKa 5 neighbor CTa.iKiiBaxbCH l/cTo.iKHyxbCJi I + c Kesi-MeM? 9
coceaHiiii 9 neighboring, next-door to collide with
cocxaB.iHTb I cocTasHXb 118 to compose, craHOBiixbCJi II/cxaTb I (cxany. cxanembi - KeM? 2
put together to become
cocxoHTb II (imperf. only) + iii nero? 11 to consist of cxapaxbc« I 'nocxapaxbCH I 6. 8 to tr> endeavor .

coMexaHiie 12 combination cxapiiK B:B 9 old man (not polite): cxapyxa 9

coMeraxbca imperf. and perf.t +
i c hcm to combine old woman (not polite)
with, go together with cxapmiiif 2. 10 elder, eldest: CTapmiiii K.xacc
coHHHffTb I/CGHiiHiixb II 1 to compose: coHiiHeHiie 12 upp)er class ( in school
composition craxb I (crany. craHemb) (perf. only) + imperf. inf. 4
cna.ibHuii Mein|6|K B:B 8 sleeping bag to begin
cna.ibHH 5 bedrcK>m cxaxbH B:B 4 newspaper or magazine anicle
cnacaxb I/cnacrii (cnacy. cnaceuib) I to save cxeK.id (/)/. cxeK.ia) B:A 8 glass
cnaciiSo (+ 3a HTO?) 2 thank you, thanks for crencHb A:C degree: cxenenb GaKa.iaBpa
(f.)
cnaxb II (cn.iio. cniinib) 3 to sleep B.A.: NiarHCxepcKaji cxenenb M.A.: aoKxopcKaJi
cneKxaK.ib 3 performance, play. cxencHb Ph.D.
cneuifa.iiicT specialist crecHHTbCJi LnocxecHSTbCJi I to feel shy. ashamed
cneuiia.ibHOCTb 1 major, specialty CTiineHaiiJi 1 scholarship, fellow ship, stipend
cneuiiixb II + Kvaa? 4 to hurr> . rush, to be fast CTiiparb I/nocTiipaxb I/BbiCTiipaxb 15 to do
(about clocks and watches) laundn : to \\ ash clothing
cneuii» 11 spice CTMXM 12 verses, poetry
Cnim (cMHapoM npMo6pexeHHoro CTHxiiiiHoe SeacxBiie 10 natural disaster
nMMyHoae(t>imMxa) 8, 10 AIDS (acquired cxiixoxBopeHiie poem
immune deficiency syndrome) cxoMMOcxb '/j 8 cost

376 mpucma ceMbdecftm mecmh C.ioedpb

CTOMTb II (impeif. only) 3, 8 to cost; to be worth; xanuop (gen. sg. xaHu6pa)/xaHu6Bmnua 4 dancer
CTOHT 3, 10 it's worth it xape.iKa 5. 11 plate: r.iy56KaH xapejiKa soup plate;

CTO.ieTiie 9, 12 century Me.iKa» xapejiKa dinner plate

CTO.iMua 8, 9 capital xaxapiiH (pi. Taxapbi)/xaxapKa Tatar
CTOJideafl 5 dining room, cafeteria xaxapcKHii 6 Tatar (adj.)
CTO.ibKO so much, so many XBopnecxBO 2 creative work; works (of a writer,

CTopoHa 9 (nom.lacc. pi. cxopoHbi) C:C 2 side composer, artist, etc.)

CTOHHKa 9 parking lot, parking structure xe.iera 9 cart

CTOHTb II 3, 4, 5 to stand; to be parked xe.MHbiii (xcMHo) 3, 6 dark

cxpaaaxb 112 to suffer xeMnepaxypa 10 temperature
crpaHa B:A 8 country xenepb 9 now (as opposed to formerly)

crpaHHua A 4 page xenjibiii (xenjio ) 2, 10 warm

crpax fear: cxpauiHO (KOMy) to be scared, terrified xepnexb II 5 to endure, stand, suffer:
cxpMMb I (cxpiiry. cxpiiJKeiiib)/nocxpiiHb I 5 xepnexb/noxepnexb nopa^eHMe 12 to suffer a
to cut, mow; cxpii^Ka haircut defeat: Tepnexb ne Mory... I can't stand to ...
cxponiii 12 strict xep»xb I/noxep«xb II to lose: noxepaxb jopory 9
cxpoiixenbcxBO construction to lose one s way: xep«xbCH/noxepflXbca 6
cxpoiixb II/nocxp6iixb II 3, 9 to build, construct; to get lost
cxpoMXbCH (impeif. only) 9 to be built xecHbiM (xecHo) 5 crowded
cxynaxb II/nocxyHaxb II + bo mxo? no MCMy? 6 xex» 2 (gen.lacc. pi. xexb and xexeii) aunt
to knock (on) XMnHMHbiM 1, 9 typical
cya B:B 4, 9 court, trial XHXHii 1 quiet: Thxhm OKean the Pacific Ocean
cyeeepHe 6 superstition xojibKO only; xojibKO mxo just
cyxKii (gen. cyxoK) 11 24 hours, day and night; aea xoproBbiii 3 commercial, mercantile: xoproBbiii
pa3a B cyxKM twice a day ucHxp shopping center
cyxoii (cyxo) 9 dry xopM03a) A:B 9 brake
x6pivi03 (nam. pi.
cymecxBOBaxb I to exist xopM03MXb II/3axopM03HXb II 9 to brake
cxo;iMXb II 9 (peif. only) to go and come right back xoponifXbCfl II/noxoponiixbCfl[ II 6. 9 to hurry, rush
cxoaiixb II/coifXH I 9 to descend, go down xocx 11 toast
cxo;iMXbC5i Il/coiixikb I 9 to become friends, to agree xoMKa period, dot: xoMKa 3peHiifl 9 point of view
cxdnHbiii 8 similar xpasa 5 grass
cueHa 6 stage xpaHcnopx 9 transportation
CMacx.iifBbiii 10 fortunate, lucky, successful; xpeSoBaxbCH I/noxpeSoBaxbca 18 to be required
CHacxniiB/cMacx.iiiBa/cHacx.iMBbi 2, 10 happy, xpenep 8, 12 coach
content xpcHiipoBaxb I + Koro? to coach, train:

cnacxbe happiness; luck, good fortune; k cnacxbio xpcHiipoBaxbCH I to train for: xpeniipoBKa 3, 12
fortunately training, practice
CMex 12 score xpoMKa 4 a grade of "C"
CMiixaxb I/cocMMxaxb I to count xpySKa 5 telephone receiver
cmixaxbca I 4. 12 to be considered xpyaHbiii (xpyjHO) 2, 8 difficult, hard
CUIA 1 USA xpy JOBOM cxaiK 1 work experience
cbeijHXb II (peif. only) 9 to go and come right back xyanex 5 toilet, bathroom
Cbix/cbixa/cb'ixbi 11 satiated, full xyja there, in that direction
CbiXHbiii 11 filling xbiCHMa 1 thousand
cioaa 1 here, hither xiopbMa (gen. pi. xiopevi) jail, prison
CK)>Kex 12 plot xflmenbiif 9, 10 heavy, grave, difficult

TaK so ySwaaxb I/ySiixb I (ySbio, y6bemb) + Kord? 12

xaK Ha3biBaeMbiii 12 so called to kill. slay, assassinate

xaKoil so. such a ySMpaxb I/ySpaxb (ySepy, y6epeuib) I 5 to clean up,

xaHueBaxb 3 to dance take away: ySiipaxb I/ydpaxb I co cxo^ia 11
to clear the table

PyccKo-amjiuucKuu cjioaapb mpucma ceMbdecnm ceMb 377

yBaJKacMbiiiZ-aji 1 dear, respected; yxpo morning; yxpoM in the morning; (adj.)
myOoKOVBa^aeMbiii /-aH Most (Deeply respected...) yxpeHHHH morning
yBCiMMiiBaTbCfl I/yeeniiMHTbCH II 3 to increase yxo {iioni. pi. ymii; gen. pi. yuieii) A:C 2 10 ear (ears)
VBepeH/yBepeHa/yeepeHbi (+ b mcm?) 10 sure (of), yMacxMC 12 participation; npwHMMaxb I/npHHHXb I
certain, positive (of) ynacxiie + b hcm? to participate
yBjieKaxbCH I/yB.ieMbCH KyejieKycb, yB.ieMenibCH) yneSa 8 (university) study
+ KOi/MeM? 12 to be keen on. get carried away; yqeSHMK 1, 3 textbook
what you enjoy doing (as far as hobbies are concerned) yHcSHoe aaBeflCHMe 1 institution of learning
yBJieMCHHe 1 enthusiasm, hobby; c yBjieMCHMeM yMCHMK B:B/yMeHMua 3 school pupil
with enthusiasm yHCHbiii 2 scientist, scholar

yraabiBaxb I/yraaaxb I 6, 9 to guess yHM.iMme school, college

yroflHO you want it; Kvna
as your please, like ymixbiBaxb I/ynecxb I (ynxy, ynxeuib) to take

yronHO wherever you want: mto yronHO into consideration

whatever you like; Kan savi yrojHO as you like yMMXb II/BbiyMMXb II to study, to memorize, to learn
it, however you like yMMXb II/Haymixb II + Koro? jjejiaxb mxo? 3 to teach
yr|o|ji iprep. b/h2l yrjiy) B:B 6, 8 comer yniixbCH II/HayMMXbC» II + aexaxb mxo? to learn how to

yflMBJiHTbCH I/ynHBMTbc« 11+ Koviy/MeMV? 2, 8 to be yMMXbCH II + rne? ( impeif. only) 1 to go to school,

surprised (at); yaiiB.ieHiie 10 surprise to study

yaoSHbiii 5 convenient, comfortable ymep5 10 damage
ynoBjiexBopMTe.ibHO 4 satisfactorily, a grade of B yidxHbiii (yidxHo) 9 cozy
yaoBOJibCTBiie pleasure; yaoBO.ibCTBMeivi with pleasure
yflOMepaxb I/yaoMepHTb II 2 to adopt (a daughter) Oanyjibxex (na) 1 department, faculty
yjKac 2 horror; ())iijibM yjKacoB 12 horror movie c|)aMMJiHfl 1 last name, surname
y^KacHbiM 3, 4 horrible, terrible, awful OapcHreiix 10 Fahrenheit; no OapenreMxy in

y3Kiiii (y>Ke) 8,11 narrow Fahrenheit

ysHaBaxb I/yanaTb I 5 to fmd out, to learn; to recognize cjjapMaKdjior 2 pharmacist
ynaa 1 decree, edict ({)epMa 5 farm; (i)epMep farmer
yjibiSaxbCH I/y.ibi5HyTbCJi I + KOMy? 3 to smile c|)ecxiiBajib (m.) 12 festival
someone
(at) 4)iirypa 6 figure
yMMpaTb I/yMcpexb I (yvipy, yvipeuib) + ox nero? 4)HpMa company, firm
2,12 to die (of) cjjjiox fleet, navy
yiviexb I 5 to know how to; be able (|)yHx 2 pound
yMHima (m. or/.) 6 bright person 4)yx66ji 12 soccer
yMHbiii 6 smart, clever, bright, intelligent
VHiiMxoKaxb I/yHiiMxojKiixb II 12 to destroy Xa3ap 4 Khazar (a medieval tribe)
ynoxpeS.iaxb I/ynoxpeOiixb II to use; xapaKxep 6 character, personality
ynoxpeSjiHXbCH I to be used; ynoxpeGjiCHiie use xapaKxepHbiii 8 characteristic
ynpaB.ieHiie 1 management, control xapMO (n.) (not declined) 11 Caucasian mutton soup
vparaH 10 tornado, hurricane xBaxMX 4 enough, that's enough
ypoK 6 lesson xBOcx B:B 2 tail
ycneaaxb I/ycnexb I + cae.iaxb mxo? 3 to have xMpypr 2 surgeon; XMpyprMMecKMM 2 surgical
enough time to do something xojiMXb II 8 to walk {multidirectional); xoanxb +
ycnex 4 success B MCM? 10 to wear
ycxaB 1 regulations, charter (of an organization) xo3flMH (nom. pi. xoBHesa; acc.lgen. xoshcb) 5 host,
ycxasaxb I/ycxaxb I (ycxany, ycxaHeuib) + ox owner, landlord
Koro/Mero? 2 to get tired, to be tired xoBHHKa 5 hostess, owner, landlady
ycxHbiii 4 oral xo3aiicxBo 5 housekeeping; economy; bccxm
ycxpaiiBaxb I/ycxpoMXb II 1 1 to fix up. organize, X03HMCXBO 5 to do the housework
aiTange xojioa 9 cold, cold weather
ycbiHOBjiflxb I/ycbiHOBiixb II 2 to adopt (a son) xoji6;iHbiH (xojiojHo) 2, 10 cold spell; cold weather

378 mpucma ceMbdecnm ooceMb Cjioedpb

 .

xoMflK B:B 2 hamster MHxaxejib/MMxaxejibHMua 12 reader

xop 3 choir MMxaxb I/npoHMxaxb I and nponecxb (npoHxy,
xopoHMTfa II/noxopoHHTb II 12 to bury npoHxeuib) I to read

xopouid 4 good; a grade of "B" MMxaxb I/MMXHyxb I 10 to sneeze

xoTCTb {uregular)l32k\OTe.Th {irregular) to want HjiCH 4, 5 member
xoTH 6bi 5 at least Mxo 3a 6 what kind of . .

xpaHMTbCH II 12 to keep, to be kept MxoSbi in order to

xpMCTMaHCTBO 5 Christianity HyBCXBOBaxb I/noHyBCXBOBaxb ceSa I 10 to feel

xyfleHbKMM 6 sHm, slender, thin Myxb He 3 almost, nearly

xyaexb I/noxyaexb I 10 to lose weight
xyfld^ecTBeHHbiii 12 artistic, of the arts IIIaxMaxbi (pi. only) {gen. uiaxMax) 12 chess
xyflOJKHMK 12 artist uiepcxb (/J 2 wool; animal's coat
xyaoii 6 thin, lean, skinny mecx B:B 12 pole, staff
xyfliuMM 10 worse, worst uiMpe 4 wider
lUKOJibHMK/uiKOJibHHua school kid
U^apHua 1 tsarina uiKOJibHbiM 11 school (adj.)
uapb B:B 1 tsar mocce 8 highway, freeway, beltway
UBCT A:B 5 {pi. uBexa) color mxax 1 state (in the U.S.A.)
UBeTbi {sg. iiBeT|6|K) B:B 5 flowers, plants luxpac)) 9 fine
uejiOBaxb I/nouejiOBaxb I 1, 10 to kiss iuxpa4)0Baxb I/omxpa4)OBaxb I 9 to fine, to give

uejibiu 4 whole, entire a ticket

UejibCMU 9 Celsius, Centigrade; no UejibUMio mySa 10 fur coat
in Centigrade luyMHbiM (uiyMHo) 5 noisy
UCHxp 3, 9 center, downtown
uepK|o|Bb (f.) A:C 3, 8 church meH|6|K {pi. meHKM m luenHxa) B:B (A) 2 puppy
i|binjieH|o|K (pi. ubinjiHTaJ 11 baby chick, young lUM (pi. only) {gen. meii) 11 cabbage soup
chicken
3K3aMeH 4 exam, examination
Mail 11 tea 3K3aivieHauM6HHbiii
1 exam (adj.)
HaiiHiiK 11 teapot dKOHOMMKa 4 economics
Mac C:B hour; Macb'i (pi. only) watch, clock; nac/ 3KpaH 12 movie or TV screen
nacbi HMK 9 rush hour 3KpaHU3auu5i 12 film version
nacTHbiM 1 private 3HUMKJioneflMJi encyclopedia
MacTb A:C 5, 8 part; nacxb CBcra part of the 3HUMK.ioneflMMecKMM 8 encyclopedic
world, region 3nHj]eMiifl 10 epidemic
HaiuKa 5, 11 cup 3n6xa epoch
HCK 11 check, bill; cash register receipt
HCJiOBCK 6 (pi.n\6m) person, human being K)r south; lOH^Hbiii southern
HepaaK (na) B:B 5 attic, garret lOMop (qyBCXBO tOMopa) 6 humor; sense of humor
Mepe3 across, above and over; nepes rofl in a year lOMopMcxMMecKuli 11 humorous, comic, funny
MepHbiii 5 black lOHOCXb (f.) 6, 8 youth; b iohocxh in one's youth
Mcpx {nom. pi. HepTM; gen.lacc. pi. Mepxeii) A:C devil lopiicx 1, 2 lawyer
Mepxa B:B 6 feature; nepxa xapanxepa character trait
Mecxb (f.) 1 honor .HdjiOKO {nom.lacc. pi. h6jioku; gen. pi. ^6jiok) 11
MexBepna 4 a grade of B apple; flOjiOHHbiii 11 apple (adj.)
MexBcpxb (f.) 4 quarter $i3biK B:B language, tongue
MexHbiii 6 even; HCMexKbiii odd H3biqHMK heathen, pagan; (adj.) HSbmecKuii pagan
HMHMXb II/noMMHMXb II 3 to fix, repair aiiud {nom. pi. flHua; gen. pi. hmu) B:A 11 egg
HMCJio B:A 3, 11 date, number flpKMM 10 bright, brilliant, glaring

HMcxMXb II/noMMCXHXb 11 11 to clcan; to peel fliUMK 5 box, chest; drawer

MMCXbiii 5 clean

PyccKo-amjiuucKuu cjioodpb mpucma ceMbdecum deonmb 379

inpucma QOceMbdecnm
CjiOGdpb
 Anrjio-pyccKHH cjioeapb

about o + komImcm?. npo + Koeolnmo? about, AIDS (acquired immune deficiency syndrome)
around, near oko.io CnilJI (ciiHupoM npiioSpeTeHHoro
abroad 3a rpaHiiueii. 3a rpaHiiuy: from abroad H3-3a iiMMyHoaecJjiimiTa)
rpaHiiubi air B63nyx
ache, hurt So.ierb II (5ojiiit. So.iht) {only used in airport a3pon6pT {prep, b a3ponopTy)
third person) alarm clock 5yjH.ibHHK
accept, take npiiHHMaTb I/npiiH»Tb I (npiiMy. alike, similar oaiiHaKOBbiii; noxdW noxo^a/
npifMeiub) noxo>Kii
accident aeapiiH; HCCMacTHbiii civMaii alive >KiiB/>KifBa/miiBbi
accompany, see off npoBO^KaTb I/npoBoaiixb II all right. OK .lajHO. xopoiuo
acquaintance 3HaKdMbiii allergy a.i.iepn'iH + na ^mo?
across Mepe3 allow, grant, permit aonycKaTb/aonycTiiTb.
actor, artist apTMCx/apTiiCTKa pa3peuiaTb/pa3peuiHTb
address ajpec A:B {pi. anpeca) almost noHTM, nyxb He
adolescent no;ip6cT|o|K alone, by oneself oaHH/o;jHa/oaHii
adopt (a daughter) yflOMepaTb I/yaoMepiiTb II; along, according to no + dative
(a son) ycbiHOB.iHTb I/ycbiHOBiiTb II: aloud BCJiyx
adopted, adoptive npiieMHuii: adopted child alphabet a.i4)aBUT
npiieMHbin pe6eH|o|K; adopted son npiieMHbiii already yjKC
CbiH; adopted daughter npiieMHafl noMb; adoptive alumnus/alumna: graduate BbinycKHim B:B/
father npiieMHbiii oxeu: adoptive mother BbinycKHHLta
npiieMHan viarb always Bceraa
adore, worship oSojKaTb I ambassador noc|d|ji B:B
adult, grown up B3pdc.ibiii among cpejM
advenuire npiiKniOMeHiie : (adj.) npiiKjuoMeHMecKMii amusing 3a6aBHbiH (3a6aBHo)
advertisement peK.iaMa; dissertation advisor ancestor npea|o|K
pyKOBoaiiTejib jiiiccepTamin ancient upeBHiiil
advice cobct angry cepaMT/cepaiiTa + na Kozolnmo?; 30Ji/3Jia +
advise coBCTOBaTb I/nocoBeTOBaTb I + KOMy? na Koeolnmo?
advisor, counselor coBeTHiiK animal ^iiBOXHoe {acc. sg. miiBOTHoe; nom. pi.
aerobics a3p66iiKa ^iiBOTHbie: gen. lace. pi. ^kubothux)
after noc.ie + gen.: noc.ie xoro KaK announcement oOijiiBjieHiie
after that. then, later hotom another, different, the next apyroii; the next day
afternoon, in the aHCM, bo Bxopoii noJiOBiiHC hhh; Ha npyroii aenb; another way no-flpyroMv
nocjie oSeaa answer, reply otbct
afraid of. to be 6oflTbC5i II + KoeoNeeo? answer, reply, respond OTBCMaTb I/oTBexiiTb II +
again eme pa3, onaxb KOMy? HO nmo?
age B63pacT any jiioGoii, KaKoii yroano
agree (to reach an agreement) aoroBapiiBaTbCH 1/ apartment KBapriipa
jIoroBopiiTbCfl II: to agree (be in agreement appear publicly, perfomi BbicxynaTb I/BbkryniiTb II

with, to have the same opinion) corjiauiaTbCH 1/ appear, show up noHB.i^TbCH I/noHBHTbCH II + Kydd?
corjiacHTbCJi II + c KeM/ue.\i? appetite annexiiT
agreed, agreeable corjiaceH/cor.iacHa/cor.riacHbi apple fldjioKO {pi. hSjiokm): fl6jioHHbiii (adj.)
+ C KCMNeM ? apply for noaasarb I/noaaxb (irregular) 3a5iB.ieHHe
agricultural cejibCKOxosHiicTBeHHbiii: agriculture appoint, nominate: to fix, set a date, a meeting
CeJlbCKOe X03flMCTB0 Ha3HaHaTb I/Ha3HaMiiTb II

Amjio-pyccKuu cjioedpb mpucma QoceMbdecsim oduH SSI

approach, come close to nojixoaMTb II/nofloiiTik I bald .ibicbiM

K KOMylneMy? bank 6a hk
approximately npiiiviepHO baptism KpemeHMe
aquarium aKBapMVM bark jiaHXb I/sajiajixb I

architectural apxiixeKTypHbiii basement nojiBaji

architecture apxiixeKxypa basic, main, fundamental ochobhom
argue, bet cnopwTb II/nocnopMTb II bass violin, double bass KonxpaSac
arm pyna C:C bassoon (j)ar6x
armchair KpecJio bathe, take a bath; swim, to KynaxbCH I/BbiKynaxbca
arrive, fly in npHJiexaxb I/npMjiexexb I I; npMHMMaxb I/npwHHXb I Banny

arrive (by vehicle) npwesaiaxb I/npnexaxb I; bathing suit KynajibHMK (KynajibHbiii kocxiom)
npMxoflMXb II/npHMXH I (by foot) bathroom BaHHaji; bathtub Banna
art MCKyccxBO be (frequently); to occur 6biBaxb
article (newspaper or magazine) cxaxbH B:B ; small be able to MOMb I (iwory, M6*emb)/cM0Hb I

article saiwexKa be found; be located naxofliixbca II

artist xyaojKHMK be friends with npyiKiixb II/noapyjKMXbc» II c kcm?

as soon as KaK xojibKO be late (for), to miss onasflbiBaxb I/ono3jiaxb I

ashamed/embarrassed cxbiflHO + KOMy?\ I'm ashamed, be lucky noBCSxii (KOMy noBe3Ji6)

embarrassed. Mhc cxbiano. Mhc HeyaoSHO. be silent/to shut up MOJinaxb II/3aMOjmaxb II

ask, beg npociixb Il/nonpociixb II be surprised (at) yflMBjiHXbCfl I/yflMBwxbca 11+

ask, to ask a question cnpauiHeaxb I/cnpocMXb II + KOMylneMy?
Koeo? o ueM'^; nmo? v Koed?; to ask a question beach njiHMi
lajiaeaxb I/aaaaxb {irregular see flaxb) beard Sopoaa C:C
Bonpoc + KOMy? beautiful KpacuBbm (KpacMBo) beautiful, fine,
assemble, gather together; coSMpaxbcsi/coSpaxbCH excellent npeKpacHbiM (npcKpacHo)
assignment, task sa^aHMe; homework AOiviauiHee beauty Kpacoxa
3anaHMe, flOMauiHHH paSoxa because of M3-3a
at B, Ha + prepositional: y + gen.; at, attached to, in become cxanoBiixbCH Il/cxaxb I (cxany, cxaneiub)
the presence of npM + prep. + Ke.M?
attempt nbixaxbCfl I/nonbixaxbCH I bed KpoBaxb (/.) bed; bed linens nocxe.nib (/".)
attention BHHMaHiie; to pay attention o6paii|aTb/ bedroom cnajibHH
06paTHXb BHHMaHHe before npe^Kj^e, ao; no xoro KaK npefl xeM KaK ;

attentive BHiiMaxejibHbiii: (BHmviaxejieH/ beforehand 3apaHee

BHiiMaxejibHa/BHMMaxejibHbi) begin (with animate subjects) naHMHaxb I/nanaxb I
attic MepaaK (Ha) B:B (naMHy. HaMHeuib) + c •^eeo?; de.iamt umo?; to
attitude oxHOiueniie {sg.) + k KO.MylneMy? begin, start (with inanimate subjects) HaMMwaxbCfl
attract, to npuBjienaxb I/npiiBjieMb I (npuBjieny, I/naHaxbCH I (naHHexcfl) + c wed?
npiiB.neHeuib) beginning Hanajio; at the beginning cnanajia,
aunt xexH (gen./acc. pi. xexb and xexeii) B Haqajie
author, writer aBxop behave bccxm I ceSa (xopouio/njioxo)
authorities HaMajibcxBO behavior noBeacHMe
average cpe;iHHH behind no3aaM + g^A?.; 3a + m^rr.,- from behind M3-3a
believe Bcpwxb II/noBepMXb II + KOMy/neMy? to
baby; child pe6eH|o|K (pi. aexii); babysitter hAhh believe in Bcpnxb II/noBepiixb II + e Koeolnmo?
back cHMHa belong to npiiHaflJiejKaxb {imperf. only) II + KOMy?
back, backwards o6paxHO belt n6«c {nam. pi. noHca) A:B; peM|elHb (m.) B:B
backpack pioKiaK besides Kpovie + gen.
badly, poorly n.ri6xo, HesaiKHo better, best (adj. only); jivmuimm; better, best jiymue;
bake nenb 1 (neKV, neMeiub)/HcneMb I; baked jiyMuie Bcero best of all

neHCHwi! between, among ivieJKfly

bakery 6y.ioMHaH bicycle BejiocuneA

382 mpiicma QoceMbdecnm dea Cjioedpb

biography 6iiorpa({)ufl cafeteria Ka(|)exepMM, cxoji6Bafl
birth pomjieHMe; birthday nenb pom^eHHfl call, name Ha3biBaxb I/nasBaxb (Ha30By, Ha30Beuib) I
bite KycaTb I/yKyciixb II + Koed?; to bite (in general, call (by telephone) 3B0HMXb II/no3BOHHXb II + komj?
like dogs and other animals) Kycaxbca Kvdd?; to call one's name, to summon 3Baxb 1/

bitter ropbKMii no3Baxb I + K02d?

black qepHbiii camp Jiarepb (m.) (nom. pi. Jiarepa) A:B
blanket OflCHJio campfire K0cx|e|p (gen. Kocxpa) B:B
block, city KBapraJi canary KanapeMKa
blood KpOBb (/".) cancer paK
blouse SjiysKa candle CBena B:C
blue (light) rojiySoii; dark blue, indigo chhhh cap (with a visor) Kenna
board caflMTbCfl/cecxb; to board a bus (train) B/na capable cnoc66Hbiii
aBToSyc (b/hh noesn) capital cxojiMua
boots canorM (pi.) (gen. canor) B:B (sg. ojimh canor) captain Kannxau
border rpaHMua careful, cautious ocxop6>KHbiM; ocxopojKCH/
bore, tire out Haaoeflaxb/HajioecTb (irregular) + komj? ocxop6*Ha/ocxop6jKHbi 0CX0p6>KH0
bored CKyHHO + KOMy? I'm bored. Mne CKyHHO. carpet KOB|e|p (pi. KOBpu) B:B
boring CKyHHUM HOCMXb II imperf.
carry (multidirectional);
both 66a (mJn.) 66e (/".) hccxm I (necy, Hcceuib) imperf.
(unidirectional)
bottle 6yxbuiKa cat K6mKa A:A/kox B:B
box, chest; drawer hiuhk catch, apprehend JiOBiixb II/noiiMaxb I

boy MajibMMK cello BMOJlOHHCJlb (f.)

brake x6pM03 (nom. pi. xopiviosa) A:B Celsius, Centigrade UejibCMH in Centigrade no
to brake xopivio3MXb/3axopM03MXb LlejibUMH)
break, become inoperable jioviaxbCfl I/cjiOMaxbCH I center uenxp
breakfast 3aBxpaK: to eat breakfast 3aBxpaKaxb century bck A:B; cxojiexMC
breathe flbiuiaxb/noflbiuiaxb + hcm? chair person npeace^axejib
breed nopoaa champion neivinMOH; championship neivinMOHax
bride, fiancee Hesecxa change clothing nepeoacBaxbCH I/nepeoflexbca I

bright, brilliant, glaring npKuii (nepeoacHycb, nepeoaeHeuibCfl)

bright, light, full of light CBCXJibiii change, exchange MeHflXbC« I/no\ieH«xbCH 1/

bring up, rear, educate BOcniixbiBaxb I/Bocniixaxb I 06lVieHHXbC5I I

+ Koed? chapter rjiaBa A:B

bring, deliver (by vehicle) npuB03HXb II/npiiBe3XM I; character, personality xapaKxep; characteristic
(by foot) npHHOCHXb II/npHHecxH I xapaKxepHbiii
broadcast, transmission nepeaana check, bill, cash register receipt hck
brother 6pax (nom. pi. 6paxbH; gen.lacc. pi. 6paxbeB) cheerful, good-natured Becejibiu
brown KopMHHeBbiH; (of eyes) Kapnii chess luaxMaxbi (pi. only) {gen. uiaxiviax)
buckle up npMCxerwBaxbCH I/npucxerHyxbca I chest of drawers K0M6fl
build, construct cxpoMXb II/nocxpoMXb II; construction chicken Kypnua (pi. Kypw) ubinjieH|o|K (pi. ubinjiHxa)
CXpOHXeJlbCXBO child, baby; children pe6eH|o|K (pi. flexw); child's
buildingsjianiie; flOM A:B (pi. aoMa) aexcKMM
bum, bum down ropexb Il/cropexb II (intrans.); childhood jjexcxBo; in one's childhood b aexcxBC
meHh (*ry, %;»Keu]b) 1/ cjKCMb (coiKry, choir xop
cojKmemb, cojKryx) I (trans.) choose, select, elect Bbi6upaxb I/Bu6paxb (Bbi6epy,
bus aBx66yc Bbi6epeiub)I; choice Bbi6op (sing, only)
business, affair, deed 6M3Hec, aejio A:B; (adj.) chopsticks najioHKM
chores aejia no xosaiicxBy
busy, occupied 3aHflx/3aHJixa/3aHjixbi Christianity xpncxiiaHCXBo
buy, purchase noKvnaxb I/Kyniixb II Christmas Po>KaecxB6 (XpMCx6Bo); Merry
by the way KCxaxM Christmas C Po^aecxBOM (XpMcx6BbiM)

Amjio-pyccKuu cjioGdpb mpucma edceMbdecnm mpu 383

 )

church uepK|o|Bb if. i A:C concert,conceno KOHuepx

circle Kpyr A:B congratulate no3apaB.i«xb I/no3apaBiixb n + Koed?
citizen rpa^aaHiiH ipl. rpajKjaHe): citizenship c ue.\t ?

rpayKjaHCTBO consist of cocxoHXb II (impfv. only) + U3 need?

city dweller ropoyKaHiiH {pi. ropo>KaHe) constantly nocxoHHHO
class, lesson saHaxiie. ypoK consulate KdHcy.ibcxBO
clean up. take aw ay ydiipaxb I/yOpaxb ySepy. i consult \\ ith coBexoBaxbca L nocoBexoBaxbca I +
yoepeuib) I; to clear the table ySiipaxb ySpaxb co c Ke.M?
cxo.ia contemporan. coBpeMeHHUii
clean Miicxbiii content, contents cojep>KaHife
clean: to p)eel micxiixb II/noHHCxiixb II continue npoao.iJKaxb + nmo?. de.iamb nmo?:
clever, bright, intelligent yMHuii npoao.iJKaxbca I (only third-person forms used)
climate K.iiiMax convenient, comfonable ynoOHbiii
climb {muliidirectionaD .lasaxb I and .lainxb II conversation, talk pasroBop
(imperf.) converse, talk with pasroBapiiBaxb (imperf. only)
climb in B.iesaxb l/B.ie3Xb I (a.ieay. B.ie3emb) cook, chef noBap (nom. pi. noBapa) A:B
clock H2iC\A{pl. only) cook: to prepare, fix roxoBiixb II npiiroxoBiixb:
close 6.iM3Kiiii (5.ih3ko) to cook (in liquid). Bapiixb II CBapiixb
close 3aKpbiBaxb L'saKpwxb I (3aKp6io. 3aKp6€mb) cool npox-iaaHbiii. npox.iaaHO
clothing: clothes oje»aa {sg. only) comer yr|o|.i (prep. B/na yr.iy) B;B
cloud 66.iaKO nam.
( pi. o6.iaKa geu. pi. o6.iaK6B A:B: i cornflakes KyKypy3Hbie x.idobH. KopH4).ieKC
rain cloud xvMa correct: right npaBii.ibHbiii; npaBii.ibHO
cloudy, overcast nacMypHuii (nacMypno) correspond with nepeniicbiBaxbCH I (imperf. only)
club K.iy6 + c Ke.M?\ BecxM nepeniicKy +c Ke.M?
coach xpeHep: coach, train xpeniipoBaxb I + Koeo? cost: to be worth cxonxb II

coast, shoreline no5epe>Kbe. oeper na oepery) ( couch auBaH

cold npocxyaa: to catch a cold iipocxy>Kaxbcn 1/ cough Kain.i)rrb I

npocxyaiixbCH II count cocHHxaxb I

CMiixaxb I

cold xo.ioaHbiii: xdioaHo: cold weather xo.xoa countn. cxpana B:A: rocyaapcxBO
colleague KO.i.iera (m. or /.) countn. place, house aana
collection (of literature) cSdpHiiK course Kypc
collide with cxa.iKiiBaxbca I cxo.iKHyxbca II + court, trial cya B:B
cousin im. 1 jBoidpojHbiii 5pax: cousin tf.

color UBCT (pi. uBexa) jBoidpoaHan cecxpa: cousins jBoidponHbie

comfonable KOM4)opxa6e.ibHbiii. yjoCHbiii SpaxbH 11 cecxpbi
comma 3anHxa» cow KopoBa
commercial, mercantile xoproBuii: commercial credit Kpeaiix
center xoproBuif uenxp crime, a criminal act npecxyn.ieHMe: to commit a
common, general 661111111 crime coBepmaxb I/coBepmiixb II

communicate, repon. inform coo6iuaxb I/coo6mifXb II npecxyn.ieHiie; criminal activity, crime

company, firm KOMnaHiin. (|)i<pMa npecxyoHocxb (f.)
compare cpaBHiisaxb I cpaBHiixb II Koeo Hmo? criminal npecxynHiiK-'npecxynHima: (adj.)
c Kc.M yc.u ^ comparison cpaBHeHiie KpifMHHa.lbHbllf
comf)etition copeBHOBaHiie crowded xecHwii (xecHo)
completely coBceM cry. weep n.xaKaxb I (n.iawy. n.iaMerab)
compile cocxaB.x>ixb 1/cocxaBHXb II cuisine kV"vhs
complain yKa.ioBaxbc>i/no>Ka.ioBaxbc>i culinar> Ky.iiiHapHbiii: cookbook KV.iHHapHafl KHtira
compose coHiiHJixb I/comiHiixb II cup MaaiKa
composer KOMno3Hxop cut. mow cxpiiMb I (cxpiiry. cxpiiJKemb) nocxpi'iMb I

composition coHiiHeHiie cut. slice off oxpesaxb l oxpesaxb I (oxpe>Ky.

computer KOMnbioxep: (adj.) KOMnbidxepHbiH oxpe>Kemb)

384 mpucma eoceMbdecum uemhipe Cjioedpb

daily, even day e>KeaHeBHO direction HanpaB.xeHue
damp cbipoii (cwpo) directly npavio
dance raHueBaxb: dancer TaHuop (gen. sg. director of a
( movie or play ) pe>KHCcep
raHUopai TaHuoBuiiiua dirty, filthy rpniHbiii
dangerous onacHbiii (onacHO) discuss o6cy*aaxb I oocyaiixb II

dark Te.MHbiii i tcmho I dish 5.iidao: dishes nocyjsnsg. only)

dark, gloomy NipaHHuti oipaMHo) dissatisfied HeaoBo.ieH HeaoBo.ibHa HejoBo.xbHbi
data jaHHbie dissertation jiiccepxauiiH
date jara: micid distant, far. far away aa.icKHfi (ja.ieKO)
date, meeting, encounter ceiuaHiie: BCTpena do ae.iaxb I cae.iaxb
date, to meet BcrpeMaTbca L BCTperiiTbca 0+ c Ke.H? document aoKyMCHx: jOKyMenxbi (pi. only) (official
day j|e|Hb: in the daytime jhcm: a day or two ago na or identification papers )

jH«x. in a few days Ha anax documentar} aoKyMeHxa.xbHbiii

day oft BbixoaHOH (acHb) dog co6aKa
dear aoporoii dormitor) o6me>KHXHe
dear. nice, sweet Mii.ibiii dough xecxo
dear, respected veaAaeMbiil dow ntown uenxp rdpoaa
death CMepxb / A:C dream of. fantasize Nienxaxb l + o KOMNeM?
decide peiuaxb I peiuiixb II dream of about cHiixbca II + KOMy?
declare, announce laaB.iHTb L laaBiiTb II dress n.iaxbe
dedicate, devote nocBamaTb I nocBHTiiTb II dress, to clothe oacBaxb I oaexb I (oaeny.
deep r.iySoKiiii (r.iyooKO) ojeHeuib)+ Koeo?
defend lamiimaxb I laiuiiTiiTb II drink nuxb I ( nbio. nbemb BbinHXb )

defense 3aaiiiTa driver's license BoaHxe.ibCKMe npasa

degree temperature
( ) rpaayc drop in on. stop by for 3ae3>Kaxb L 3aexaxb I +
degree academic
( I creneHb (/.) A:C creneHb K KOMy? 3a KCMlneM?
oaKa.iaBpa B.A.: MarHCxepcKaa cxencHb M A.: anxeKa
drug store
jOKTopcKaH cxencHb Ph.D. drum Sapaoan
delight BOCTopr: to be delighted 6biTb b BOCTopre dn. cyxoii (cyxo)
department store yHiisepMar duck yxKa
depanment. faculty (})aKy.ibTeT (Ha): Ka(|ieapa (na) during BO BpeMfl + gen.
depend on 3aBHceTb II + oni Koeo ueeo? during, in the course of b reMCHHe + gen.
describe onncbiBaTb I oniicaTb I

description oniicaHiie each other apyr apyra jpyry. apyroM. o apyre)

(

desert nycTbiHa ear (ears) yxo jwm. pi. yxnw. sen. pi. ymeii) A:C
(

desk niicbMeHHbiii cto.i earn 3apa6axbiBaxb 1 3apa66xaxb I

despair OTHa«Hiie to be desperate: to be in despair earphones HaymHiiKii

6bITb B OTHaJlHIIll eanh. ground, din scnlxh C:A
devil McpT no/)}, pi. nepTii sen. face. pi. Hepxeii A:C
( i eanhquake 3eM.xexp«ceHHe
dial HaSuparb 1 naSpaxb I noMep (naoepy. naoepeiiib) east bocxok: eastern BOCxdnHbiii
diarv jneBHiiK B:B easy .lerKiiH (.lerKo)
dictionan. c.iOBapb B:B ( tu. i
eat ecTb (cm. enib. ecr. ejicvi. ejirre. ejax); ( KVinaxb I

die (of) vMHpaTb LyNiepexb I (vMpy. vMpenib) + om used only in imperanve or

infinitive fomis KViiiaii xe
leeo? Ha saopoBbe. Eat as much as you want.)
diet jMera. on a diet na aiiere ecology 3KO.i6rHa
differ, from OT.iHHaxbcs I economics 3KOHdMiiKa
different, various, diverse pas.iiiHHbiii educated odpasoBaHHbiii
difficult, hard xpyaHbiii (xpyaHo): neierKO education o6pa30BaHiie: elementary education
dining room cxo.xoBaa HaHa.ibHoe oopaioBaHiie: high school education
dinner o6ea: to ha\ e dinner o6eaaxb/noo6ejaxb cpeanee o6pa30BaHne
diploma niin.xoM effort ycH.xiie

Amjio-pyccKuu cioeapb mpucma GoceMbdecHm namh 385

egg fliiuo (nom. pi. aiiua gen. pi. aiiu) B:A fail, flunk npoBajiMBaxb I/npoBajinxb II

elder, eldest CTapiuMH failure neyaaMa

embassy nocojibCTBO fair, just cnpaBeflJiMBbiii; fairness cnpaBcajiMBOCXb (f.)

emperor MMnepaxop; empire uvinepufl; empress fairy tale CKa3Ka (gen. pi. CKa3|o|K)
HMneparpiiua faith, belief Bcpa
encyclopedia 3HUMKjioneflMfl fall asleep sacbinaxb I/3acHyxb 1

end KOH|e|u B:B; at the end b kohuc fall in love Bjiio6jiHXbC5i I/BJuoSiixbCH II + e Koed?
end OKaHMMBaTbCH I (na) famihar with 3HaK6M/3HaK6Ma/3HaK6Mbi (+ c KeMlucM?)
endure, stand, suffer repncTb 11 family B:A
ceivibH

enemy spar B:B famous, well known 3HaMeHMXbiif

enough, sufficient flocTaxoHHo; XBaxMT fan (sports) 5ojiejibmHK/5ojiejibmHLia
enthusiasm yBjiCMeHMc; with enthusiasm c yBjieneHMeM far ^ajieKMu
environment OKpy^aioiuafl cpefla farewell npomaHHe; to say farewell npoiuaxbCH II

envy 3aBMj]OBaTb I/no3aBMaoBaTb I + KOMy? nonpouiaxboi I + c KeM ?

epidemic 3niiaeMM« farm (jiepivia; farmer (Jjepiviep

Europe EBpona; European eBponeiicKHU fast, quick, rapid 5bicxpbiii (Sbicxpo)

even aa>Ke favorite jiK)6ifMbiM
even (number) HeTHbiii (neTHoe mmcjio) feature film xyflOJKecxBeHHbiii 4>HJibM
evening BCMcp A:B {nam. pi. BCMcpa); in the evening feel MyBcxBOBaxb I ceSa
BeHepoM; this evening ceroaHH BCMepovi; feminine, female %eHCKMH
evening BeMepHHH (adj.) fencing tfjexxoBanMe
event coSbixiie; cjiynaii fiancee ^eniix, ncBCCxa
exactly poBHO fiction xynojKecxBenHaH jinxepaxypa
exam, examination 3K3aMeH; exam (adj.) field and track athletics jierKaa axjiexMKa
3K3aiVieHaUll6HHbIH figure skating 4)HrypHoe Kaxanne
example npMMep; example Hanpuiviep
for filling CbixHuii
excellent npeKpacHbm (npeKpacHo); excellent, final exam week ccccmh
outstanding; OTJiMMHbiii excellent, a grade of A finally HaKoneu
OTJIMMHO find out, learn y3HaBaxb l/ysnaxb I

exchange student yHiixbCH no oSivieHy find Haxoaiixb II/HaiixM I

excursion, trip 3KCKypcM5i fine, excellent npeKpacnbiii (npeKpacno)

excuse oneself ll3BllHflXbCH I/H3BHHMXbCH II fine, ticket iuxpac{); to fine uixpa4)0Baxb 1/

exercises, calisthenics 3apHaKa ouixpac|)OBaxb I

exhibit BbicxaBKa finish doing something (with animate subjects)

exist cymecxBOBaxb I KOHMaxb I/KOHMMXb II + impeif. inf.
expensive floporoii finish 3aKaHMUBaxb I/3aK6HHMXb II
expect o^KMjiaxb fire or|6|Hb (m.) (gen. sg. orna) B:B; no^ap
explain oStHCHHXb I/oSiacHMXb II fit, cnaexb II (third person only)
to (about clothing)
express Bbipa^Kaxb I/Bbipa3MXb II fix up, organize, arrange ycxpawBaxb I/ycxpoMXb II
expression Bbipa^eniie fix, repair HMHiixb II/noHMHMXb II
external bhciuhmm fleet, navy 4):iox
extinguish, put out racHTb II/noraciiTb II; xyuiMTb II/ flood HaBoaneHne
noxyujMXb II flowers, plants ubcxw (sg. ubcxIoIk) B:B
extra, unnecessary jimuihmm flute 4*jieiixa
eye rjias A:B {nam. pi. rjiasa; gen. pi. rjias) fly (multidirectional) .lexaxb 1 (impeif.)
fly (unidirectional) Jiexexb II (impeif.)
fable oacHH fly up. take off B3Jiexaxb I/B3Jiexexb II

face jiMuo B:A; animal's face Mopjia fog XVMaH

fact (JjaKx: the fact of the matter is flcjio b xom, mxo folk Hapon; HapoflHbiii (adj.)
Fahrenheit <r»apeHreMx; in Fahrenheit no Oapenreiixy follow cjieflOBaxb I/nocjieaoBaxb I

386 mpiicnta GOceMbdecsim luecmb Cjioadpb

following, next cjieayiomiiM get nocxaBaTb I/jiocTaTb (flocraHy. jjocTaHeuib) I
food efla, niima {in an abstract sense) get a good night's sleep BbiCbinarbCH I BbienaxbCH II

fool flypaK B:B /aypa A:A (Bbicnjiiocb, BbicnHiubCfl)

foot Hora C:C; by neuiKOM
foot get divorced pa3BoaMTbCH II/pa3BecTMCb I

forbid, prohibit, ban sanpemaxb I/3anpeTMTb II (pa3Benycb, pa3BejieiiibCH)

+ KOM}' de.iamb umo? get dressed oaeBaxbCfl I/oaexbCfl (oaenycb,
force 3acTaBJiHTb I/sacraBHTb II oaeHeuibCH) I

forecast, prognosis nporHOS get enough to eat HaeaaTbca/HaecTbCfl ( irregular)

foreign MHOCTpaHHHbm get free ocBo5o«aaTbC5i/ocBo5ojiMTbCH
foreigner iiHOCTpaHlelu/iiHOCTpaHKa get infected, come down with 3apa%aTbCfl 1/

forget 3a6biBaTb I/3a5biTb I (3a6yfly, 3a5yfleuib) 3apa3HTbCfl II + ueM?

forgive, pardon npomaxb I/npocTMTb II get married (of a woman) Bbixoaiixb II/BbiiiTM
fork BHJiKa 3a!viyjK 3a kozo?
former, ex- 6biBuiuM get married (of a man) xceHHTbCfl {imperf. and peif.)
formerly, as before no-npe>KHeiviy Ha KOM ?
fortunate, lucky, successful cnacTJiMBbiii get married (of two persons) JKeHMTbca/no^eHMTbCH
fortunately k cnacTbio get ready for roTOBMTbCH II/noaroTOBHTbCH II
found ocHOBbiBaxb I/ocHOBaxb I; founder + a: ueMy?
ocHOBarejib (m.) get somewhere nonaaaxb I/nonacTb I (nonaay,
free, gratis SecnjiaTHbiii (SecnjiaTHo) nonaaeiiib) + Kydd?
free, unhindered CBo66aHbiH get stuck 3acTpeBaTb I/3acTp»Tb I (3acTpaHy.
freezing, to be Mep3||yTb/3aMep3||yTb 3acTpaHeuib)
freezing weather Mop63 get tired, be tired ycxaBaxb I/ycxaxb I (ycxany,
French horn BajiTopna ycxaneuib) + om KoeoNeed?
fresh CBe^KMM get up. rise Bcxasaxb I/scxaxb (Bcxany. BcxaHeuib)
friend apyr {nom. pi. jipy3bH; gen./acc. pi. apyseii) I, noaHHMaxbC» I/noaHflXbC» I (noaHMiviycb,
from 113, c, OT noaHHMeiubCfl)
from behind M3-3a get used to npHBbiKaxb I/npiiBbiK||Hyxb k KOMylneMy?
from under M3-noa get well Bbi3aopaBjiHBaxb I/sboaopoBexb I;

from where OTKyjja nonpaBjiHXbCH I/nonpaBHXbca II

fry ^KapiiTb II/non>KapMTb II gift nojiap|o|K; to give a gift aapiixb Il/noaapiixb II

frying pan CKOBopoaa A:C + KO.My? umo?

full, stout nojiHbiM; full name noJiHoe mmh giraffe mnpac})
fun (to have fun) (KOMy) eecejio girl (little) aeBOHKa
funny CMeuiHOH (cmcuiho) girl, young woman jieByuiKa
fur Mex girlfriend, woman noapyra
friend
fur coat uiy5a give back, return oxaaBaxb I/oxaaxb (irregular)
furniture Me6|e|jib (f.) (sing, only) glad paa/paaa/paabi to be glad paaoBaxbCH 1/
further jiajibuie; a bit further nojia,ribiue o6paaoBaxbCH I + KOMylneMy?
glass, drinking cxaKaH
gain weight nonpaBJiHTbCfl I/nonpaBMXbCH II glass cxcKJio {pi. cxeK.ia) B:A
game Mrpa B:A game, match iwaxH glasses, spectacles omkm (pi.) (gen. omkob)
garbage Mycop gloves nepnaxKM {pi.) {gen. nepHax|o|K)
garden caa (b caay) A:B God Bor A:C; Oh, my God, Oh, my goodness!
gardener canoBHUK E6>Ke Mou!
gas station 3anpaB0MHafl craHUMH go {by foot) {unidirectional) Mflxii {imperf.);
gas up (a car) 3anpaB.iflTb I/sanpaBiiTb II (MauiMHy) {multidirectional) xoaifXb
gasoline 6eH3MH go and come right back {by foot) cxoaMXb 11 {perf. only)
gather, collect coOnpaTb I/coSpaxb I (co5epy, go and come right back {by vehicle) ciesanxb II {perf.

co5epeiiib) only)
generous meapuii

Amjio-pyccKuu cjioedpb mpucma eoceMbdecHm ce.Mb 387

good, kind :id6pi>iM: aoop ao6pa/jo6pbi: Be so kind Wliat s happening, what s Hxo
going on?
(as to. . . ) BynbTe aoopbil npoiicxoxirr? B mcm xe.io? Hto cij^iLiocb?
government npaBiiTe.ibCTBO happy CHacT.iiiB CHacT.iHBa CHacT.iiiBbi: happiness,
gracious, kind .iiooeieH .iiooeiHa .iiooeBHbi luck, good fortune cnacTbe
grade oxMexKa. oueHKa; to give a grade craBHTb hard, tough xecTKiiii
II/nocTaBHTb II OTvieTKv: a grade of A nsTepKa: hardly, scarcely spsu .im

a grade of "B" HexeepKa; a grade of C TpoiiKa: harmful BpeaHuii

a grade of D jBoiiKa: a grade of F ejiiHiiua harp ap(|)a
grade (in school) K.iacc hat oianKa: with earmuffs manKa-ymaHKa: with a
gradually nocTeneHHO bi*im m.iana
graduate OKaHMneaTb OKOHmiTb idko-iv hate HCHaBiijeTb II + Kord? hto?
(yHMBepcHxeT) have to, be forced to npiixojHTbCii II npiiilTiicb 1+
graduation OKOHManne (OKOHMaHiie niKo.ibi.

yHiiBepcHxeTa) have (y Koro) ecrb: to have the right HMexb upaBO

grammar school, high school riiMHasiiJi, niKo.ia head ro.iOBa C:C: head of an office r.iaBa: at the
grandparents SaoymKa ii jejyiuKa head of bo r.iaBe
granddaughter BHVHKa headcold nacMopK
grandson sHyK health; sjopoBbe: to (your) health 3a BjopoBbe
gray cepuii healthy, robust: laopoBbiil: healthy, well ijopoB
greasy ^KiipHbrii laopoBa 3aopdBbi
great Be.iiiKiiil hean cepaue A:B: by hean HaH3ycTb; hean attack
great grandfather npajea. npaaeayiuKa lIHCjjapKT
great grandmother npa5aoyujKa heat iKapa B
greedy yKajHuii heavy. gra\e. difficult TJUKe.Twii (rjime.io)
green 3e.ieHbiii height Bbicora B:A
greet, say hello to BjopoBaTbcsi I/nosaopoBaTbCsi I height, stature pocx
greetings npiiBer heir Hac.ieaHHK Hacieanima
grill iKapoBHsi helicopter Bepro.ieT
groom, fiancee ^eHiix B:B hello 3jpaBCTByii re: npnaex to say hello to
group rpynna someone nepeaaBarb/nepejaxb irpHBex
grow, grow up pacTii I (pacry. pacTerab) sbipacTH I help. aid. assist noMoraxb L noMOMb 1 noMory, 1

guess aoraawBaTbca I jorajaxbCH I: yraabiBaxb I noMO^Kemb) + komx neMy? help noMOiub (f.) :

yraaaxb I helper, assistant noMomHiiK; noMoniHiiua

guest rocTb (m.) A:C: rocTba (/.) A:A here, hither cioja
guitar riiTapa hero: main character in a novel or movie repdii
guy. lad. fellow nap|e|Hb A:C heroine: main character in a novel or movie repoiiH)!
gym. gymnasium cnopxia.! high school cpejHHs uiKo.ia
gymnastics niviHacTiiKa high BbicoKiiil: higher Bbicmiiii. Bbime
high\\a> . freeway niocce
hail rpaj hike noxoj: to go hiking, camping xoaiixb-iiaTM
hair Bonocu {gen. bo.ioc): haircut CTpii^Ka B noxdx
half no.ioBHHa... and a half ...cncioBiiHOH historian iicxdpiiK: historical HcxopiiMecKiiii:
half hour ncmaca history : stor> . incident iicxdpnH
hamster xomak B:B hobby xd66M (n.) (not declined): yB-ieneHMe
hand, arm pyKa C:C hockey xoKKeii; hockey ^a^//.) xoKKeiinbiii
handkerchief HOCoBoii n.iaT|6iK holiday npa3nHiiK
hang semaTb I noBeciiTb + Koed/Hmo?U: Biicen. II + holy CBaxdii
ede? home JOM A:B (adv. Kydd? jomoh: adv. ede? at
happen (to) CT>^TbCs civmm>cji I II + c KCM neM?: home xdMa)
happen, to occur npoHcxoaiirb I npoiiioiin'i I: hap- homework xoMauiHJui paodxa
pen, to rum out nouiy^Tbca no.i} Mirxbcs: honest necxHuii

388 mpiicma eoceMadecum eoceMt Cjioedpb

 ) »

hope HaacHTbCH + Ha Koed/umo? interest HHxepec + k neMy?

horrible, terrible, awful vyKacHwii interest iiHTepecoBaTb I/3aiiHTepecoBaTb + kozo?
horse .louiajb (/.) A:C: to go horseback riding to be interested in jiHTepecoBaTbCJi 1/

eiaiiTb BcpxoM 3aiiHTepecoBaTbCJi + KeM/ue.^'^

hospital So.ibHiiua intern cra^ep: internship cra^KHpoBKa
host, owner, landlord xoiaiih (nom. pi. xo3«eBa. ee/?./ international MOKjvHapojHbiii
acc xo3«eB): hostess, owner, landlady xosfliiKa interpetor. translator nepcBojHHK/ nepcBoamma
hot yKapKiiii (yKapKo); hot and spicy ocrpbiM: hot to interview iiHTepBbio (n.) (not declined): job interview
the touch rop»Hiiii (ropHHo) cooecejoeaHHe
hotel rocTiiHHua; room HONiep (p/. HONiepa) A:B introduce, present npeacxaB.iHTb I npeacraBiiTb 11:

hour Mac B:B; rush hour Mac niiK to introduce oneself npeacxaB.iHTbca L

house, building jom A:B (pi. jOMa): house warming npeacxaBiiTbCJi II

party Hoeoce.ibe invite npiir.ianiaTb I/npiir.iacHTb 11: invitation

housekeeping, chores xo3HiicTBo: to keep house npiir.iauieHiie

BeCTII X03Hi1CTB0 itineran. Mapuipyx
how much, how many CKO.ibKO
however oaHaKO. ho jacket (informal) Kypnca: sport coat, blazer

human being Me.iOBCK niia^KaK B

humid B.iayKHbiii (B.iayKHo); humidity B.iayKHOCTb (/!) jazz jm2i3
humor WMop: sense of humor mvbctbo WMopa jeans jAinncbi (gen. jjkmhcob)
hungr} ro.iojHbiii: ro.ioaeH/ro.iojHa ro.iojHbi: joke aHCKaoT. myxKa
hunger ro.ioj joy pa jocTb ( /.

hurry, rushcneuiiiTb 11 + Kydd? ToponiiTbca W just now TOJIbKO HTO

noToponHTbCH II + Kydd^
husband mv/k A:B (nom. p/.MViKbH; gen. acc. pi keep aep/Kaxb: to keep a dian. bcctm jHeBHiiK: to

My*eii keep, bear in mind. iiMexb b biuv: to keep track

of. to keep watch cieaiiTb 11 + sa KeM/ue.M?
ice .i\e\j (gen. sg. .-lb jn) key K.iioq B:B
ill 6d.ieH/5o.ibHa So.ibHbi: to get. be ill kill. slay, assassinate y5nBaTb L ySiiTb (ySbio.

oo.ieTb/3a6o.ieTb + ue.M? I + K02d?

yObeiub)
illness, disease 6o.ie3Hb (/.) kiss uenoBaxb L/noue.iOBaTb I
important Ba/KHbiii (Ba>KHo) kitchen KvxHa (gen. pi. Kyx|o|Hb)
impression make an impression on
BneMax.ieHue: to kitten KOTeH|o|K (nom. pi. KOTHxa gen./acc. pi.
npoinBoaiiTb lI/npoinBecxM I BneMaT.ieHne + kotht)
Ha Koeo '^
knife Hom B:B
include BK.iiOHaTb L BK.iiOHiiTb II knock (on) CTynaTb Il nocTynaTb II + eo nmo? no
in front of nepea + instr. BoepejH + gen. He.M}?
in order to MToSbi know how to. be able VMCTb 1

in vain 3pfl

incident, accident nponcniecTBne lad. fellow, guy nap|e|Hb A:C: MO.ioaoii He.iOBeK
inconvenient Heyj66Hbii1 (hcvjoSho) lady, woman jaNia. yKenmiiHa
increase yBe.iHHneaTbca l yBe-iiiHHTbcJi 11 lag behind OTCxaBaTb OTCxaTb I (oxcraHV.
independent He3aBMciiMbiii oxcxaHenib) + am med need?
inexpensive, cheap Hejoporoii. jeuiCBbiii lake 63epo (twm. pi. 03epa) A:B
influenza rpiinn language, tongue aswK B:B
information iiH())opMamiH. jaHHbie last nocxeaHiiii
inhabitant ^liTe.ib /KiiTCibHima later, after that noxoM
instructor npenoaaBaTe.ib'npenoaaBaTe.ibHima Latin (at// J .laxiiHCKiiii

intelligent vmhuh laugh CNieaxbca L 3acMeHXbCfl 1

intend HaMepen/a + infinirive: to intend, plan on laundn. npaneMHaa: to do one's laundry cxjipaxb 1/

(doing something) co6HpaTbCflyco6paTbCfl nocxiipaxb I

Amjio-pyccKuii ciosapb mpucma QoceMbdecRin deoMmb 389

 )

law saKOH; law as an academic subject npaeoBeaeHMe majority SojibuiMHCXBO

lawn rasoH make up (after an argument) viMpiixbCJi II/

lead, conduct, take (unidirectional ) bcctm I/noBecTM I noMMpHXbCfl II + c KeMNeM?

+ Koed? {multidirectional) eojiMTb II + Koeo? man viyjKHMHa
leader, supervisor, advisor pyKOBOflMTejib/HMua manage, be able to cyiviexb I (pei-f. only)
learn how to ymiTbCH II/HayMMTbc« + dejamt nmo? map, card (cards) Kapxa (napxbi
learn, study; to memorize, to master ymiTb II; married ^enax (of a man ); ^enaxbi (of two
BbiyHMTb + WW? persons); 3aMy«eM (of a woman)
lecture, class jickumh; lecture notes KOHcncKT masculine My^CKOH
left jiCBbiii; to the left HajiCBo; on the left cjicbb Master's (degree); M.A. Marncxp, iviarMCxepcKaH
leg, foot Hora C:C cxeneHb, cxencHb Mariicxpa
let nycTb; nycKaii match cniiMKa
letter niicbivio B:A mean, wicked, evil 3jiom (3JiaH, 3Jibie)
lie HenpaBj]a mean 3HaMMXb II; What does this/that mean? Hxo
lie down, go to bed jio^KUTbCfl Il/jienb I (jiary, 3X0 3HaHMx?; meaning SHaneHMe
jiHHceiub) measles Kopb (f.) (sg. only)
lie, be in a flat position JiOKaxb II medal Meaajib (f.)
life >KM3Hb(/.) medical vie^iiuiiHCKiiii

like HpaBllTbCH II/nOHpaBMTbCH II, JlloSMTb II/ medicine, medication jicKapcxBo; ivie;iHi|HHa
nojiio6HTb II; to one's liking no ayuie (as a field)

light cbct; (adj.) ceeTjibiH (cbbtjio) meet Bcxpenaxb I/acxpexMXb II + KozoNmo?; to

light up 3a>KMraTb I/sajKCHb I make someone's acquaintance suaKOMiixbCH II/

lightning mojihmh no3HaK6MMXbC« II + c KeM?

list cnMc|o|K member hjich
listen cjiyuiaxb I/nocjiyuiaxb I merchant Kyn|e|u B:B (historical)
live %MTb I (jKMBy, >KiiBeuib); to live through, middle aged, elderly ho^khjioh
endure nepejKHBarb I/nepe^Kiixb I (nepe>KMBy, middle cepejiHHa
nepe^HBeuib) mile MMJiH (gen. pi. Miijib)

lively ^MBoii; living %ifB/>KMBa/>KUBbi milk MOJiOKO, MOJiOMHbiii (adj.)

living room rocTiiHaa minus MMHyc
long ago aaBHO mirror sepKajio A:B
long gjiHHHbiii; for a long time flOJiro miss CKyMaxb I + no KOMylneMy?
look CMOTpexb II/nocMOTpeTb II
at miss; to sleep through npocunaxb I/npocnaxb II

look for. to search MCKaxb I (nmy, iimeiub) (npocnjiid, npocniiuib) + nmo?

look like Bb'irjiHaexb II (imperf.) mistake, error ouiH6Ka; to make a mistake
lose TcpaTb I/noxepHTb I; to lose (at a game) ouiH6Ky
jiejiaxb/cflcjiaxb
npoiirpbiBaTb I/npoMrpaxb I mix up nyxaxb I/cnyxaxb I + KOdolnmo?
lose one's way, get lost 3a6jiyaMTbCH (perf. only); money aenbrn (pi. only) (gen. flCHer) B or A
xepHTb I/norepHTb I aopory month viecHu
lottery jioxepeH monument naiviflXHHK
loud rpoMKiiii (rpoviKo) mood HacxpocHMc; I'm in a good mood SI b
love .iioSiiTb II/nojiio6MTb II HacxpoeHMH.
xopouieivi Y mchh xopouiee
low HU3Kuii: lower nunie HacxpocHMe.
lunch, late morning meal BTopoii saBxpaK moon jiyna
mosque iviCMexb (f.)
mad at someone, offended o6H>KaTbCfl I/o6HjieTbCfl II mountain ropa C:C
+ Ha Koeo ? move jiBiiraxbCH I/flBMHyxbCH I; change residence
magnificent, splendid BejiMKOJienHbiii nepee3>Kaxb I/nepeexaxb I
main rjiaBHbiii movie (})iijibM, KapxHHa, kmho (n. not declined);
major, specialty cneuMajibHOCTb (/.); yMHXboi Ha ... movie theater KiiHoxeaxp
tJiaKy/ibreTe Mr. rocnojiifH A:B (p/. rocnofla)

390 mpiicma denHHOcmo Cjioedpb

Mrs. , Ms. rocnojKa oboe roSoii
much, a many mhofo; much (with comparatives)
lot. obtain, get aocxaBaxb I/nocxaxb Kaocxany,
ropa3ao; so much, so many ctojibko jlocxaHeuib)
murderer y6ifMua (w. orf.) occupy saHMiviaxb I/3aHflXb I (3aMMy, saiiMeuib)
Muscovite mockbmh B:B/MOCKBMHKa A:A occur 6biBaxb I, npoHCxoziHXb II, cjiynaxbcfl
museum iviy3eM ocean OKean
must (to express obligation) odd (number) HeMexHbiii (neHexHoe hmcio)
fldjiJKeH/flOJiJKHa/aojiaiHM + infinitive official oc|)iimiajibHoe .timuo, (adj.) o(|}MUMajibHbiM
mustache ycbi (gen. ycoe) B often Macxo
mystery, detective (adj.) fleTeKXMBHbiii oil. grease viacjio; crude oil Hec|)Xb (f.)

old cxapwii
name (of a person or pet) mmji {n.) (nom. pi. HMena Olympic games ojiHMniiajia, ojiMMnMiicKMe iirpbi

gen. pi. mmch) B:B; What's his (her. its) name? one and one half nojixopa/nojixopbi (f.)

KaK ero (ee, ero) 30ByT?; name (of an object) one's own cbom, coScxBeHHbiii
HaseaHiie; What's its name? KaK oh (oHa, oho) oneself caivi/caMa/caMM
HaibieaeTCH?: last name, surname ())aiviifjiMfl only xojibKO
napkin, tissue cajitjieTKa (gen. pi. cajic|)eT|o|K) open oxpuBaxb I/oxKpbixb I (oxKpdio. oxKpoeiiib)
narrow ysKMii (ysKo) open (adj.) oxKpbixbiii (oxKpb'ixo)
nationality, ethic originHauuoHajibHOCTb (/".); opinion MHCHMe; according to no MHeHMio
national HauHOHajibHbiu opposite, against npoxMB + gen.
native ponHoii; hometown; po^HOH ropoa; native oral ycxHbiii
language, mother tongue pojiHOM fl3biK orchestra, band opnecxp
nature npiipojia order, command, give orders to npiiKa3biBaxb I /

nearby pfl;30M npuKa3axb I + kom}-?: (in a restaurant)

necessary, unavoidable HeoSxojiifMbiii (HeoSxojiMivi/ 3aKa3biBaxb I/3aKa3aTb I + ^inio^

HeoSxoaiiMa); necessary HyjKen/HyiKHa/HyjKHo/ order nopHji|o|K: Everything's O.K. Bee b nopHflKC.

Hy>KHU organization opraHM3amifl
neck uiCH organize opraHM30Baxb I (impeif. & peif.)
neighbor cocefl {pi. coceaM)/coceaKa oven jiyxoBKa
neighboring, next-door cocenHMii own, possess, control Bjiaaexb I + neM?
nephew/niece njieMHHHMK/njieiviHHHMua
nervous, to be HepsHMHaTb I pack, pack up ynaKOBbiBaxb I/ynaKOBaxb I; to pack
news HOBOCTb (f.): the
news hobocth, u3BecTUfl up, get your things together, coSMpaxbCH 1/
next to, beside p»flOM c + instr. coSpaxbeji I

nice, attractive CMMnaTiiMHbiii; Miijibiii page expaHiiiia

night HOMb (/.). during the night HOMbio: tonight paid, requiring payment njiaxHuii
cero^iHH BeMepoM, last Bnepa BCMepoM
night painful, it hurts SojibHO
no longer, (not) any more Sojibuie ne pants, trousers, slacks SpiOKM (pi. only) (gen. SpwK)
no way HHKaK paragraph a63au
noisy uiyiviHbiif (uiyMHo) parents poawxejiM (pi. only) (gen./acc. poaifxe.rieii)
non-fiction nySjiumicTMKa parking lot, parking exoaHKa; to park exaBHXb/
north ccBcp; northern ceBepHbiii nocxaBHXb MauiHHy
not enough, not much Ma.io parody napojiiiH + na mxo?
novel poviaH parrot nonyraii
novella noBecxb {f.) A:C part Haexb (f.) A:C; part of the world, region Macxb
now xenepb, ceiiMac eaexa
number, date hmcjio B:A; participate in npiiniiMaxb I/npMHHXb I (npiiMy.
ynaexne + e hSm?
npiiivieuib)
obey, to listen to cjiyuiaxbCH I/nocjiyuiaxbCH I party, get together Benep, rycoBKa (na)
object to B03pa%axb I/B03pa3MXb II pass (by, through) to npoxomixb II /npoMxii I

obligatory o6fl3axejibHbiii passenger naeea^up/naeca^KiipKa

Amjio-pyccKuu cjioedph mpucma deoHHOcmo odun 391

passer-by npoxd^MU polite Be>KJ1MBblH (Be>KJlUBO)
past npoui.ioe; (adj.) npouiJibiH politics; policy nojiMXMKa
patronymic otmcctbo poor, unfortunate 6enHbiM
paw jiana popular nonyjiapHbiii
pay (for) njiaxiiTb I/sanjiaxHTb 1 + sa KozoNmo? population HacejieHMC
peace Miip positive nojiOKMxexibHbiii
peak (rush hour) niiK (nac/Macbi niiK) possible MOiKHO
peasant Kpecxb^HHH (pi. KpecTb^He); KpecTb^HKa possibility, opportunity B03M6jKH0cxb (/.)

peninsular no.iyocrpoB post office noMxa

pension nencMH; to be retired 6biTb Ha neHCMH post-card oxKpbixKa
people Jiidjiii ipl.) {gen.lacc. JHoaeii); people, folk pot Kacxpiojifl
Hapon; people say, people are saying roBopHX pound (JjyHX
perhaps mojkct 6biTb pour jiMXb I (jibK), jibeuib); najiMBaxb 1/ Hajiiixb I

period, dot xoMKa (Hajibio, Hajibeuib)

perish noriiSaxb I/noniSHyxb I practice, training xpeHHpoBKa
permission paspemeHMe prefer npeanoMMxaxb I/npeanoMecxb (npeanoMxy,
permit paapeuiaxb I/pa3peiuMXb II + KOjuy? npeanoMxeiub)
person MciioBeK pregnant SepeMeHHas; She is pregnant. Ona
pet ;iOMamHee ^khboxhoc (acc. sg. iKMBOXHoe; 6epeMeHHa.
nom. pi. ^HBOXHbie: gen.lacc. pi. ^mboxhux) present, give as a gift to napifxb Il/noaapiixb II

photograph CHiiiviaxb I/cHJixb I (cHMMy, CHMivieuib) price ucHa C:A

piano pofljibfwj prince KHSiSb {nom. pi. KHfl3bfl; gen. pi. KHH3eM) A:B
picture KapxiiHa princedom KHH^ecxBo; princess (married)
piece Kyc|6|K B:B KHflrilHfl
pig CBMHbH B:A print ncMaxaxb I/Hanenaxaxb I

pink p630Bbiii private MacxHbiM; private college, university

pity to majiexb I/nojKajiexb I: it's a pity, shame vHMBepcMxex
HacxHbiii KOjiJienjK,
>KajIKO probability BcpoHXHOCXb (/".)
place Mccxo A:B probably naBepHoe, BcpoHXHO
plan njian; to plan on (doing something) problem npo6jieMa
co5iipaxbCfli/co5paxbCH produce npoii3BOflHXb II/npoM3BecxM (npoM3Beny,
plant ca>Kaxb I/nocanHXb II npoM3Bejieiiib) I

plate (soup plate, dinner plate) xapejiKa (rjiySoKaa, promise o6emaxb I

MCJlKaJl) pronounce npoiOHOCHXb II/npoii3HecxM I

play nbeca (npoM3Hecy, npoM3Heceuib)

play iirpaxb I/cbirpaxb I + m umo?. hq hcm? propose, suggest, offer npejjiaraxb I/npejino>KMXb II

player iirpoK {gen. iirpoKa) B:B proverb noc.iOBUua

pleasant; pleasant(ly) npiiHXHbiii (npiiaxHo) public o6mecxBeHHbiii
pleasure vflOBdibcxBiie; with pleasure c publish nySjiiiKOBaxb I/onySjiMKOBaxb I

yflOB6.ibcxBiieM punish HaKa3biBaxb I/uaKasaxb I; punishment

pocket KapMaH HaKa3aHiie
poem cxHxoxBopcHiie; (long or epic) no3Ma puppy iuchIoIk {pi. meHKif/uieHHxa) B:B (A)
poetry no33iiH purchase noKynKa
point (in a game or competition) ohko {nom. pi. purple ctiMOjiexoBbiH
ohkh; gen. pi. omkob) B:B; point of view put in an upright position; cxasMXb II/nocxaBiixb II

XOHKa 3peHllfl to put in a flat position Kjiacxb/nojiojKiixb

police (in Russia) miijimuuh; (in other countries) put on HajieBaxb I/Haaexb I (HaflCHy, HaaeHeiub)
nOJIHUllH + umo ?
policeman (in Russia) MM.iHmioHep (in other quarrel with ccopMXbCH II/nocc6pMXbCfl II + c kcm?;
countries) nojiHueiicKMM quarrel ccopa

392 mpucma deoHHocmo dea Cjioedpb

 I

quarter qexBepTb if.) rich, wealthy 6oraxbiif

quick(ly) Sb'iCTpbiil (Sbicrpo) ride, drive {multidirectional) e3anxb II {impeif.)
quiet Tiixiiii (xiixo) ride, drive (unidirectional) exaxb I {imperf.) (eay,
quiet, to be Mo.iHaxb II/sa.vio.iMaTb II eaeuib)
quiz, test KOHxpo-ibHafl (pa56xa). sanex right (as opposed to left) npaBbiii: right, correct (as
opposed to wrong) npaB/npaBa/npaBbi wrong,
rabbit Kpo.iiiK He npaB/ne npaBa/ne npasbi
incorrect
railroad ^e.ieiHaa ^opora; railroad, train (adj.) river pcKa C:A
jKejie3Hoaop6^HbiM road, way aopora; on the way, on one's way no
rain aojKjib B:B It's raining. Maex jiOiKflb. aopdre, B nyxH
raincoat n.iam B:B roast jKapiixb II/3ajKapMXb II: roasted ^apenbiH
range, stove njiMxa B rob rpaSiixb II/orpa6iixb II + Koed/Hmo?; robber
rare peuKuii rpadiixe.ib {m.): robbery orpa5.ieHMe
ready, prepared roxde/roxoBa/roxoBbi rock. crag, cliff CKa.ia B:A; rock, stone KaM|e|Hb A:C
receive noavMaxb I/no.iymixb II romance poMan
recipe peuenx room KdMHaxa
recital KOHuepx rooster nexyx B:B
recognize ysHaeaxb I/y3Haxb I root for So.iexb I + 3a Koeo? {imperf. only)
recommend peKOivieHaoBaxb I round Kpyr.ibiii
record pcKopa: to set a record cxaBiixb II/ rowboat jid^Ka
nocxaeiixb II peKopa rowing, crew rpedjia
red KpacHbiM: red-haired pbi^HH rule npaBiiJio: as a rule KaK npaBiiJio
regarding Hacnex + gen. run {multidirectional) Seraxb I

region, area, district paiioH run {unidirectional) SeiKaxb (6ery, 6e%ifuib, Seryx)
rehearse, practice penexiipoBaxb I: rehearsal run somewhere and back cderaxb I {pf\\ only)
penexHUHii running shoes KpoccdBKH {pi.) {gen. KpoccdBOK)
relax, rest, take a vacation oxubixaxb I/oxaoxHyxb I rural aepcBeHCKMii
religion pejiiirHii; religious peaiiniosHbm
remain, stay ocxaBaxbca I/ocxaxbc» I (ocxaHycb, sad rpycxHbiii
ocxaHeuibca) salary, wages 3apa6ox|o|K, 3apnjiaxa
remarkable, wonderful 3aMeMaxejibHbiii sale pacnpoaa^a
remember, recall noMHMXb II/BcnoMHiixb II sandwich 6yxep5pdn
remember, to recall, reminisce BcnoMMHaxb 1/ satiated, full cbix /cbixa/cwxbi
BCnOMHIlXb II satire caxiipa
rent CHiiMaxb I/cH«xb I (chhmv. CHiiivieiub); to rent a happy aoBdjieH/noBdjibHa/aoBO.ibHbi
satisfied,

room CHMMaxb/cHHXb KOMHaxy; to rent a car save cnacaxb I/cnacxii I(cnacy. cnaceuib)
HaHiiMaxb/HaHHXb I (HaiiMy. HaiiMeiub) MaiuHHy say good-bye npomaxbca I/nonpomaxbCH 1+
repair person Macxep {pi. Macxepa) A:B c KeMlncM?
repeat noBxopaxb I/noBxcpuxb II say hello to. greet sjiopdsaxbcn I/nosaopoBaxbCH I

report jOK.iaa +c Ke.M ?

resort Kypdpx scarf mapc})
rest, relaxation dxjibix; to rest, relax oxflbixaxb 1/ scene ciieua
oxjoxHyxb schedule pacnifcaHiie
result pesy.ibxax
retired Ha nencHH school pupil yHeHMK/yMCHMua; uiKd.ibHUK/
return, come back B03BpamaxbC5i/BepHyxbCH + Kydd?; lUKdjibHima; (adj.) uiKo.ibHbiH
return BosepameHiie science navKa
return, give back B03Bpamaxb I/sepHyxb I + nmo?
to science-fiction HayHHaa (}}aHxacxiiKa
review noBxopwxb I/noBxopiixb II; noBxopeHiie scientific HayMHbiil
review (of a book, a play, etc.) peueH3iifl scientist, scholar vHeHbiii
reward uarpajia score 3a6HBaxb 1/ 3a6uxb I (3a6bH), sadbeiub) ro.i

Amjio-pyccKuu cjioedpb mpucma deoHHocmo mpu 393

 ) )

score CHCT silver cepeSpo; (adj.) cepeSpaHbift

screen (movie or TV) 3KpaH similar, alike noxoiK/noxo^a/noxdjKM
sculpture CKV-ibnTvpa simple npocxdii: simply npocxo
sea viope (gen. pi. Mopeii) A:B since then, since that time c xex nop
seat (in a car) ciueHbe sincere HCKpeHHiiii; sincerely iiCKpcHHe
seatbelt pe\i|e|Hb im.) B:B sing nexb I (noro. noenib)/cnexb I

see BHuexb II/vBiuexb II singer neBjeju B:B/neBHua A:A

see each other BHaexbCJi/v BiuerbCH singular, sole, only e:iMHCXBeHHbiii
seem, look like Kaiaxbca I; it seems KaJKexca sister cecxpa (nom. pi. cecxpw; gen.lacc. pi. cecxep)
select Bbi6iipaxb 1/ Bbi6paxb (BbiSepy. Bbi6epeuib) I B:A; cousin :]BOidpo:iHafl cecxpa; stepsister
seminar ceviiiHap CBOjiHafl cecxpa
senator ccHaxop sit; to be in a sitting position cuaexb II

send (out) Bbicbinaxb I/Bbk;iaxb I (Bb'iui.iio. sit down, to take a seat: cajiixbca Il/cecxb I (caay,
Bbim.ieiub CHueiub) + Kydd?
send nocbLiaxb I/nocjiaxb I (nom.xid, nouijieiub) size Be.iiiHiiHa
sense cmmcji; to make sense hmcxb cmwcji skates KOHbKH; roller skates po.xmkm; to skate

sentence, suggestion, offer npea.iojKeHMe Kaxaxboi Ha KOHbKax

separate oxae.ibHbiii (oxae.ibHo) skirt iddKa
serf KpenocxHOH skis jibi%M (pi.) (gen. .xbUK); downhill skiing
serve (food, etc.) noaaBaxb/nojaxb ropHbie -ibi>KH; to ski Kaxaxboi na jibi>Kax
serve (in the armed forces) c.iyjKMXb; (in a sky He5o (pi. neSeca) A:B
restaurant) o6cji\ JKHeaxb Slav c.iaBHHMH (nom. pi. cjiaBHHe)/cjiaBflHKa
set a table HaKpbiBaxb I/HaKpbixb (HaKpoio. Slavic cjiaBHHCKiiM
HaKpdeuib) I Ha cxoji sleep through npocbinaxb I/npocnaxb II (npocnjiid.
several HecKO.ibKO npocnHiub)
sex (male, female) no.i sleep cnaxb II (cnjiio. cnuiub)
shape, image 66pa3 sleep; dream c|o|h; to dream of Biiaexb (KozoNmo?)
sharp, hot. spicy dcxpbiii BO CHe
sheep OBua igen. pi. OBjelu) B:A sleeping bag cna.ibHbnl Mem|6|K B:B
sheep dog OBwapKa: German shepherd HevieuKan slice, cut pesaxb I (pejKy. pejKeuib)/Hape3axb
OBHapKa slim, slender, thin xyaeHbKiiM
sheep-skin coat ayO-iewKa slow Mej.ieHHbiii; slowly Mea.ieHHO
ship Kopa6.ib (/;;.) B:B slush C.lHKQXb (/.

shirt py6aiuKa sman. clever, bright, intelligent yMHbiii

shoes, slippers: (sg. onHa xycjj.ia) (nom. pl.Tx^mi: smell (of) naxlinyxb I/sanaxjlnyxb 1+ ne.M?
gen. xy4)|e|.ib) A smile (at) y.ibiSaxbca I/y.ibi6HyxbC5i I + ko.mx?
shore, bank 6eper A:B (Ha Sepery, pi. Sepera) smoke Kypiixb II/ sanypiixb
short KopoxKHii: too short KopoxoK/KopoxKa/ snack, hors d'oeuvre laKvcKa
KOpOXKM snake B:A
sviea
shorts luopxbi (/)/. only) (gen. uiopx ii uiopxoB) sneeze MHxaxb I/MMXHVxb I
shot, vaccination npiiBiiBKa snow CHcr (b cnery) A:B
should (one should) c.ieayex; should not ne.ibSH so-called xan HasbiBaeMbiii
shoulder njicMO (nom. pi. n.ieMH. gen. pi. n.ien) B:C so, such a xaK, xaKOM
shout Kpimaxb II/aaKpimaxb II + na KoeoiHmo?
(at) soap Mbi.io
show, demonstrate noKasuBaxb I/noKaaaxb I + soccer cJjyxSo.i
iHmo?lKO.\ty? sociable o6mMxe.ibHbiM
shower nyui; to take a shower npHHiiMaxb/npuHHXb socks HOCKii (gen. hockob) B:B (sg. gumh hocok)
ayui soft MflrKiiii
side cxopona (/)/. cxopoHbi) C:C some, a few HeKoxopbie: HecKo.ibKo
sign up for. register laniicbiBaxbcn I/ianwcaxbCH I some, a little bit neMHoro
sign noaniicbiBaxb I/nojniicaxb I song necHfl (gen. pi. necen)

394 mpucma denHHocmo nenibipe Cjioedpb

soon CKopo; ecKope store Mara3MH
soul ayuia C:A storm (snow or rain) 6ypfl
sour KMCJibiii story, narration, tale paccKa3
south lor; southern id^KHbiH street yjiMua
spacious npocTopHbiii (npocxopHO) strength, force ciijia

special oc65eHHbiii: special, particular oc66biii strep throat anriiHa

specialist cnemiajiiiCT strict cxponiii
speech pcMb (f.) A:C; the topic of conversation is ... stroke iiHcyjibx
pCMb liaex (O HCM?) strong CMJibHbiii
spend npoBomiTb II/npoBecTii I (npoeeny, student (college) cxyaeHx/cxyaenxKa; elementary-
npoeeaeiub) to spend time npoBOflMTb/ school student uiKOJibHiiK/uiKOJibHHua; school
npoBecTii BpeMfl student vMeHMK/yMeHiiua; graduate student
spider navK B:B acnHpaHx/acnifpanxKa
spit n.ieBaxb I (njiioio. njiioeuib) study, den, office KaduHex
spoon jio^Ka; teaspoon qauHafl jid^KKa; soup spoon study, to be a student, to go ymixbCH II + ede?
to school

CTOJlOBaH .lO^KKa {impelf. only); to do one's homework, to be busy

sports cnopx (sg. only); sport bhji cnopTa; (adj.) (with) 3aHiiMaxbCfl + hc.m? (impfw only); study/to
CnOpTIIBHblH learn, master M3yMaxb I/M3yMMXb II + nmo?

spring BecHa B:A. BeceHHHM (adj.); in the spring stuffy, stifling ayiuHuii (ayuiHo)
BecHoii stupid, dumb rjiynbiii
square KBaapar: city square nxidmajib if.) A:C style cxMjib (m.)
stadium cxafliidH subscribe to noaniiCbiBaxbCJi/noanMcaxbCH na umo?
stand, be parked CTOHTb II subway, metro iviexpd («. not declined)
star 3Be3iiaB:A (pi 3Be3abi) suffer cxpanaxb I; xepnexb II; to suffer a defeat
start HaMMHaTb/HaHaTb (HaMHv, HaMHCuib) + impeif. xepnexb nopa>KeHiie
inf. suit KOCXidM

state (in the U.S.A.) uiTax; state, country suitcase HeMonaH

rocyaapcTBo; rocyaapcTBeHHbiii (adj.); state summer jiexo; in the summer, this/last summer
university vHiiBepcMTex lUTaxa jiexoM: (adj.) jiexHMii
stateroom (on a ship) KaiOTa sun cdjiHue; sunny cdjiHeMHbifi
stay, stop at ocTaHaBjinBaTbc»/ocTaHOBMTbCfl + superlative, superior npeBocxdaHbiii
^^e?: y Koed? superstition cyeBepiie
steal KpacTb I (npajiy. Kpaaeuib)/yKpacTb I + nmo? supervise pyKOBoaiixb II + Ke.Hlne.M?

y Koed? supper ymvm; to have supper yiKMHaxb/noyjKiiHaxb

steering wheel pyjib (w.) B:B sure (of), certain VBepeH/vBepeHa/yBepeHbi + e ue.M?
stepbrother CBOjiHbiii dpax surprise vflMBJieHiie; surprised vaMBJieH/yaMBJieHa
stepfather othmm survey, poll onpdc
stepmother xianexa swallow rjioxaxb I

stepsister CBoaHan cecxpa sweater (cardigan type) Kdc|)xa

stir, mix Meuiaxb I CMeuiaxbl (noMeiuaxb) sweater CBiixep
stomach >kiib6x B:B; stomachache (y Koro) sweatshirt (t)yc})aHKa
60JIHX >khb6x sweet cjiajiKUM
stone KaM|e|Hb (m.); (adj.) KavieHHbiH swim, sail, to (multidirectional) njiaBaxb I (impeif.)
stop in on, by for saxoaiixb II/saiixM I + k KOMy? swim. sail, float, to (unidirectional) njibixb I(njibiBy,
3a Ke.\iNe.^l 3ae3JKaxb I/3aexaxb \ + k KOMy? njibiBeiiib)/nonjib'ixb I (impeif.)
3a kcmNcm? swimming pool dacceiiH
stop, cease nepecxaBaxb I/nepecxaxb I (nepecxany, swimming trunks njiaBKH (pi. only) (gen. njiaBOK)
nepecxaHeuib) + inf.: ocxaHaBJiHBaTb 1/ swimming, sailing njiaBaHMe
ocxaHOBHXb II; ocxaHaB.iHBaTbCH 1/ symptom cmvinxdM
OCXaHOBHXbOI II synagogue ciiHardra

Amjio-pyccKuii cjioeapb mpucma deenHocmo nnmb 395

 )

T-shin (jjyTSo.iKa, MaiiKa thousand xb'iCHHa

table cmn B:B: to set the table HaKpbieaTb I/HaKpbrrb throat ropjio
(HaKpoK). HaKpoeuib) I na cto.i; to clear the table throw, abandon, drop, quit Spocaxb I/5p6cMXb II

y6npaTb I/ySpaxb (y5epy. ySepeiub) I co cxojia thunder rpoM; thunderstorm rposa B:A
tactful TaKTMMHbiii ticket 6ii.iex

tail XBOCT B:B time BpeM» (/?/. BpcMCHa) A;B It's time to... nopa
take 6paTb (5epy. Sepeiub) I/B3HTb I (B03bMy, + inf.

B03b\ieUIb toast xocx

take off one's clothes, undress; take off one's hat and today ceroaHH; today's cerdaHHuiHMii
coat pasacBaxbCH I/pasaexbCJi I (pasjieHycb, toilet, bathroom xyajiex
pasacHeuibCH) tomorrow saBxpa; tomorrow's 3aBxpauiHUH
take out, carry out BbiHOCiiTb II/BbiHecxM I tongue 5i3biK B;B
talk, say; to tell roBopMTb II/cKasaxb I(CKa«y, tonight ceroaHH BCMcpoM
CKa^Keuib) I too (much) CIHUIKOM
talks neperoBopbi {pi. only) (gen. neperoBopoB); to tooth 3y5 A:C
conduct talks bcctm neperoBopbi tornado, hurricane yparan
tan 3aropejibiii: to get a tan 3aropaTb/3aropeTb tour xyp
taste BKyc; to taste npoSoBaxb I /nonpoCoBaxb I; tourist xypiicx/xypMCXKa; tourist (adj.)

tasty BKycHbiii (bkvcho) XypMCXMMeCKMM

tea Hail towel nojiGxeHue {gen. pi. nonoxeH|e|u)
teach npenoaaBaxb {imperf. only) + ^mo? KOMy?\
I town, city ropofl A:B {pi. ropoaa)
yqiixb II/HayHMXb II + Koao dejamb nmo? trade xoproBJia
team KOMaHna tradition xpaaiiuHfl; traditional xpajiMUMOHHbiii
teapot MaiiHiiK traffic jBii^eHiie; traffic jam np66Ka: heavy traffic

telephone number HOMep xe.iecJjOHa; telephone 6ojibU]6e SBii^eHHe

receiver xpySKa train noesa {pi. noe3aa); train station BOKsaji
television xejieBiineHiie translate, interpret nepeBoaiixb I/nepcBecxii I

tell, narrate paccKa3biBaxb I/paccKasaxb I (nepcBeay. nepcBejeuib); translation nepcBOH

temperature xe.vinepaxypa transport {multidirectional) B03MXb II {impf.)\ to
temple xpaM transport {unidirectional) Be3XM/noBe3XM
tent najiaxKa transportation xpancnopx; public transportation
term paper KypcoBan paSoxa, pec})epax oSmecxBeHHbiii xpancnopx
terrible, terrifying y>KacHbiii travel nyxeuiecxBOBaxb I + ede?
territory xeppiixdpM» tree aepcBO {nam. pi. jiepeBbH; gen. pi. aepcBbCB)
test sanex; KOHxpojibHan pa66xa tremble, shiver apoJKaxb II/3aapo>Kaxb II

textbook yMe6HiiK tribe njiCMH {nortt. pi. njieMena; gen. pi. n.ieMeH) A:B
thank you, thanks for cnacifGo + sa ^mo ? trip noe3aKa + Kydd; nyxeuiecxBHe + no + dat.
thankful S.iaroaapeH/O.iarojapHa/SnarojjapHbi trombone xpoiviSoH
thanks to S.iaroaapH + KOMylneMy? trumpet xpySa B:A
theft, robbery npama truth npaBj^a; to tell the truth roBopiixb II/

theme xeiwa CKasaxb II npaBjiy

then (in that case) xoraa: then (later) noxoM try. endeavorcxapaxbca I/nocxapaxbCH I
theological SoroCjiOBCKHii, xeojioniHecKMii tuition n.iaxa 3a yMcSy, njiaxa 3a oSyMenMe
there, in that direction xyaa turn, curve noBopox; to turn noBopaHiiBaxb 1/

therefore noixoMy noBcpnyxb I; to turn in (a paper, report)

thick, dense rycxoii caaBaxb/cjiaxb paSoxy to turn on; include
thief Bop A:C BKJiioMaxb I/BKjiioMMXb II; tum to. to address, to
thin, lean xyaoii o6pamaxbCfl I /oSpaxnxbCH II + a. komx
thing Bemb (/.) A:C turtle Hepenaxa
think Aviviaxb I/nonyiviaxb I typical xiinMHHbiH
thought Mbicjib (/'.)

396 mpucma deoHHOcmo utecnib Cjioedpb

umbrella 30ht B:B, sohtmk A: A wear HOCWTb + nmo?; xoflMXb + e hcm?
uncle pi flHfleii)
flHflH {gen.lacc. weather nordjia; weather report npornos norojibi
understand noHMMaTb I/noHaxb I (noiiMy, noMivieuib) wedding CBa^bSa
unpleasant HenpHHTHbiii week HCflejiH
until now; up to here cmx nop wellknown H3BecTHbiH
unusual HeoSb'mHbiii west 3anaa; western 3anajiHbiH
unwillingly HeoxoTHO western (book, movie) BCCxepH
upset paccTpoen/ paccxpoeHa/ paccxpocHbi what for, why 3aMeM
use ynoTpeSjiCHiie; to use ynoxpeSjiHTb 1/ what kind of ... mto 3a
ynoxpeSMTb II wheel KOJieco (pi. B:A
KOJieca)
useful nojieiHbm; useless 5ecnojie3HO while, in the meantime noKa
usually oSbiHHO white Sejibiii

whole, entire uejibiii

vacant, unoccupied CBo66fleH/cBo66flHa/cBo56flHbi why noMeiviy

vacation, (school) KanuKyjibi; vacation, time off wide lUHpoKHM (wider lUMpe)
oxnycK {nam. pi. oxnycKa) A:B widow; widower BjiOBa; BaoB|e|u
valley jiojiMHa win BbmrpbiBaxb /BUMrparb + nmo?
vegetarian BereTapMaH|e|i| /BererapuaHKa, (adj.) wind up 3aB0AMTb II/3aBecTM I

BerexapMaHCKHU wind Bexldp

vending machine aBTOiviaT window OKHO A:B
verses, poetry ctmxm windshield BexpoBoe (jioSoBoe) ctckjio
view, glance bsfjiha; view (of something) bma + hq nmo? windy BeTpeHbiii (BexpeHo)
viewer, spectator spwrejib {m.) winter 3MMa C:A; 3MMHMii (adj.)\ in the winter 3iiivi6u

village cejio B:A; jiepeBUH {gen. pi. nepeBenb) A:C wish, desire iKejiaTb/noKejiaxb + He26? komj?
visa BM3a woman ^eHiuMua
visiting, to go xoaMTb - mj^tm b toctm wonderful Hy^ecHbiii
visiting, to be 6biTb b tocthx wooden jiepeBHHHbiH
vitamin BMraiviMH woods, forest jiec (b Jiecy) {pi. Jieca) A:B
vocabulary cjiOBapb, sanac cjiob wool; animal's coat uiepcTb (/.)

voice, vote rojioc {pi. rojioca) A:B word cjiOBO A:B

volunteer flo6poB6ji|e|i| {gen. aoGpoBOJibua) world CBCT, MMp
world(ly) MHpoBOii
wait for >KjiaTb (>Kay, >Kaeuib) I/noflOiKjiaTb I worry 6ecnoK6iiTbC5i; BOJiHOBaxbCH
waiter, waitress ocfiHiiMaHT, o4)imuaHTKa wrong, incorrect ne npaB/ne npaBa/ne npaBbi
wake up npocbinaTbcn I/npocHyTbCfl I
wake up someone Sy^iiTb II/pa36y;^MTb II + Koed? yard flBop B:B, ca^i
walk {multidirectional); xoaiiTb II {unidirectional) year rofl A:C; year in college Kypc; freshman year
MATH neiUKOM nepBbiM Kypc; sophomore year BTopoii Kypc;
wallet 6yivia>KHUK; KOuieji|e|K {gen. KOiue;ibKa) B:B junior year rperMM Kypc; senior year HexBepTbiii
want xoTCTb (irregular )l32i\ore.TV> (irregular) Kypc; What year are you? Ha KaKOM Bbi Kypce?
war BoiiHa B:A yellow jKCJiTbiM
warm xenjibiii (xenjio) yesterday BMcpa; yesterday's BMepauiHUH
watch CMorpeTb II/nocivioTpeTb II; watch TV younger; junior Mjiajiiuiiii

CMOTpeXb TejieBM3op youth, young people iviojiojie>Kb (J.) {sg. only)

watch Macbi {pi. only) youth (time of life) MOJioaocTb; in one's youth
Watch OcTopojKHo!
out! B MOJIGAOCTM
water Boga C:A
zero HOJib (w.) B:B
way, road jiopora, nyxb {m.) B:B

Amjio-pyccKuii cjioedpb mpucma deGHHOcmo ccmb 397

 INDEX
Accusative case: forms for numbers and words
denoting quantity 119-120; inanimate
masculine nouns, feminine nouns and
nouns ending in -a/-a 26; singular forms
for animate and inanimate nouns 90; plural
forms for inanimate nouns 91; plural
forms for animate nouns 119; use with
prepositions 92; use without prepositions 92.
Addresses: how to write 35.
Adjectives: basic declension patterns 6; genitive
plural endings 116; nominative case
endings 56-57; soft stem; basic declension
patterns 6; short forms 267-272; use of
after numerals and other words denoting
quantity 117-118; comparative forms
273-276; superlative forms, 280-282.
Adverbs: comparative forms 273-276; superlative
forms 280-282.
Agreement of verb with numbers and words
denoting quantity 116.
Approximation with numbers 78.
Aspect see Verbs
Commands, indirect see Imperatives
Complex sentences with dependent clauses
introduced by to ... 195.
Conditions, real and unreal 335-336.
Conjunction jim 9.
Consonant alternations in verb conjugations 32.
Dates: using the genitive case to indicate precise
dates 84.
Dative case: forms for adjectives and special
modifiers 60; forms for nouns, singular and
plural 59-60; forms for personal pronouns
59; use in impersonal constructions 142;
use with verbs 141; use without
prepositions 141-143; use with the
preposition k 143; use with the preposition
no 144.
Destination: destination with the prepositions
B and Ha 26; with the preposition k 58.
Driving: Russian equivalents for 217-218.
Emotions, expressing 50-51.
398 mpiicma deoHHocmo ooceMb
Fill vowels: in genitive plural 114-115; in
masculine forms of short-form adjectives
272.
Genitive case, singular forms for nouns 27-28;
plural forms for nouns, including nouns
with irregular plurals 112-114; plural
forms for adjectives and special modifiers
116-119; forms for pronouns and adjec-
tives 83-84; partitive usage (partitive
genitive) 294; uses, with and without
prepositions 84-86; with numerals and
words denoting quantity 115-118.
Gender: explanation of 2; masculine nouns with
nominative singular forms ending in -a/-fl
3; Masculine nouns that refer to women 3.
Gerunds see Verbal adverbs
Imperatives, second-person imperatives 299;
exceptional forms 300; first-person 307;
third person 306; indirect commands 309;
use of aspect in imperative forms 301.
Instrumental case: after the verb 6bimh 170; noun
endings 166-167; endings for adjectives
and special modifiers 168; forms for
numerals 168; forms for personal
pronouns 166; in expressing place
173-174; use with prepositions 171;
use with verbs 169; use without prepositions
169.
Introductory 3T0 vs. 3tot, 3to, 3Ta, 3tm 56.
Letter writing, formal and informal letters 35-36.
Location with the prepositions b and Ha with
inanimate complements in the prepositional
case 21-25; with the preposition y and
animate complements in the genitive
case 58.
Names, personal 90, 347-348.
Negative constructions: HM-words 334-335.
Neuter nouns with nominative singular forms
ending in -mh 349.
Nominative case, forms for adjectives and special
modifiers 55-57; uses of 52; nominative
plural endings for nouns 53-54; nouns
with irregular nominative plurals 54.
Index
Nouns: basic declension patterns 4; non-declinable Verbal aspect: usage in the past tense 94-96; usage
nouns 3; with only plural forms 3. in the past tense in contexts expressing

Particles, specific (-to) vs. non-specific (Hii6ynb) uncontemplated actions vs. contemplated
332-333. actions 95-96; usage in the past tense with
Participles, see Verbal adjectives negation 97; usage with reversible or
Personal pronouns, basic declension patterns 4 undoable actions 121; usage with actions
Plurals: Nouns with exceptional forms 54, not reversed immediately 122; usage in the
348-350. infinitive 142; usage in the future tense,

Possessive adjectives formed from names ending 145-146; sequential actions vs. simultaneous
in-a/-fl 165,348. actions 94; Verbal aspect and tense in
Prepositions, forms with an additional o (bo, ko, when- and //-clauses 149.
CO, etc.) 10, guidelines for usage for the Verbs: basic first- and second-conjugation types,
prepositions b and Ha 21-22. 31-32, 61; present-future forms 7; stress

Reflexive constructions: with the reflexive patterns for present-future forms 8; stress
pronoun (ceSa, ce6e, coSoii) 175; the shifts in past-tense forms 65.
reflexive possessive pronoun CBoii Verbs of motion: unprefixed verbs of unidirec-
(one' sown) 111; reflexive verbs 176. tional and multidirectional motion,
Relative pronoun KOTopuM 6-7. 210-217; unprefixed verbs of unidirectional
Special modifiers: defined 55; Basic declension and multidirectional motion in the past and
patterns 4-5. future tenses 219; using the prefix no; with
Speech: indirect and direct 9. verbs of unidirectional and multidirectional
Spelling rules 2. motion 219-221; verbs of motion with
Stress patterns for nouns 357-359; stress patterns directional prefixes 239-247.
for verbs 8. Verbs of placing 137.
Suggestions in which the speaker volunteers to Verbs pertaining to sleeping and waking 82.
perform an action 307. Verbs pertaining to wearing clothing 261
Time: time expressions with the prepositions no, Verbs pertaining to studying and being a student
nocjie 88, 197; with Ha and 3a 134; with (ynumb, ymAmbCR, 3aHUMdmbCM,
noKa and Korj^a 136; time by the clock: on 2om6eumbcsi) 111
the hour 88; on the half hour 124; in the Verbs pertaining to getting sick and getting
first half hour 124; in the second half hour better 265.
149-150. Wanting to do something vs. wanting someone
Transportation: indicating modes of transportation else to do something 308.
251-253. Word order: neutral word order 238.
Verbal adjectives (participles) 188-193 Zero ending: explanation of 3.
Verbal adverbs (gerunds) 193-195.

Index mpiicma deoHHdcmo deennib 399

400 nemhipcma Index