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19.Complete the second sentence in each pair so that it has similar meaning to the
first sentence, using “you”.
1. Vegetarians don’t eat meat.
=> If you’re a vegetarian, __________________________________
2. People who live in a cold country don t like hot weather.
=> If you live ____________________________________________
3. Teachers have to work very hard.
=> If you’re a teacher, _____________________________________
4. People who do a lot of exercise stay fit and healthy.
=> If you _______________________________________________
5. Mechanics understand engines.
=> If you’re a ____________________________________________
6. People who read newspapers know what’s happening in the world.
=> If you ______________________________________________

20 Complete the second sentence in each pair so that it has similar meaning to the
first sentence.
1. Eating healthy foods is very important.
=> It is ____________________________________________________________
2. I suggest having spaghetti and pizza tonight.
=> Let’s ___________________________________________________________
3. You need to peel the onion and slice it.
=> The onion _______________________________________________________
4. Follow these safety instructions or you may get burnt.
=> If you __________________________________________________________

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5. My aunt has never tasted sushi before.

=> This is _________________________________________________________

21.Combine two sentences into one, using the connectives from the list: and, but,
because, so, therefore, or, moreover, however, if, when, unless.
1. You can’t borrow my dictionary. You bring it back on Monday.
____________________________________________________________

2. The cost of installation is very high. Solar domestic heating systems are economical to
use.
____________________________________________________________
3. Solar panels are placed on the roof of a house. The Sun’s energy is used to heat water.
____________________________________________________________
4. I don’t agree with a lot of his teaching methods. He is a good teacher.
____________________________________________________________
5. We’d better not waste water. We won’t have enough to drink sooner or later.
____________________________________________________________

6. The house is quite beautiful. The cost is not too high.

____________________________________________________________
7. Do you want to study more? Do you want to look for a job?
____________________________________________________________
8. You can go home. You’ve finished this exercise.
____________________________________________________________
9. I don’t get many opportunities to practise my English. I find it difficult to remember
everything I study.

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____________________________________________________________
10.I’m practising speaking English a lot. I don’t want to fail in the oral test.
____________________________________________________________

22 Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same
as the sentence printed before it.
1. I am terribly sorry, I thought you were a friend of Anna’s.
I took..................................................................................................................
2. Although she was busy, she managed to find the time to proofread for me.
Busy ..................................................................................................................
3. I would prefer you do computer science.
I’d rather ...........................................................................................................
4. He didn’t get his visa until last Monday.
It was ................................................................................................................
5. They continued to say that I was to blame.
They persisted ..................................................................................................
6. Vietnamese coffee is considered to be one of the best in the world.
Vietnamese coffee ............................................................................................
7. If you asked me well in advance, I’ll be willing to work overtime.
Provided you ....................................................................................................
8. She listens more sympathetically than anyone else I know.
She is a ..............................................................................................................
9. This is the best essay I have ever written.
Never ................................................................................................................
10.I assumed that she would learn how to take shorthand after this course.
I took it ..............................................................................................................

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23.Use the words or phrases given to write meaningful sentences.

1. Tourism development/ lead/ soil erosion/ pollution/ waste.
____________________________________________________________
2. Tourism/ contribute/ increasing carbon footprint/ stress/ ecosystems.
____________________________________________________________
3. The infrastructure/ tourist spot/ not/ satisfy/ great demand/ during/ peak season.
____________________________________________________________
4. Tourists/ cause/ significant effect/ local habitats/ especially/ country.
____________________________________________________________
5. Tourists/ be aware/ damage/ they/ cause/ and/ tourism authorities/ take measures/ solve/
problems.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
6. First/ tourism/ create/ jobs/ tourism industry/ and/ other sectors/ such/ retail and
transportation.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
7. However/ jobs/ created/ tourism/ often seasonal/ and/ poorly paid.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
8. Second/ tourism/ encourage/ preservation/ traditional customs/ handicrafts/ festivals/
but/ interaction/ tourists/ also lead/ erosion/ traditional cultures/ values.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

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9. Finally/ ecotourism/ help/ conservation/ wildlife/ generating funds/ maintaining

national park.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
10.Nevertheless/ it/ also cause/ pollution/ through traffic emissions/ littering/ noise.
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

24 Rewrite each sentence so that it contains the word or words in capitals, and so
that the meaning stays the same.
1. Scuba-diving is not really my cup of tea. INTERESTED
I scuba-diving.
2. No mountains in Western Europe are higher than Mount Blanc.THE
Mount Blanc Western Europe.
3. They require special permits to access Son Doong Cave. TO
Special permits Son Doong Cave.
4. Jane hasn’t decided where to go on holiday. MIND
Jane hasn’t about where to go on holiday.
5. We don’t like travelling during peak season. INTO
We during peak season.

25.By using the words in brackets, join each of the following sentences into logical
ones. You may need to change some of the words.
1. An area of low pressure forms over the land. The heated air expands and rises.(as a
result)

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_______________________________________________________________
2. Canada is similar to the United States. The majority of its people speak English. (in
that)
_______________________________________________________________
3. Governments will most probably not relocate entire cities. They are in earthquake
zones.(just because)
_______________________________________________________________
4. They were forced to buy expensive ones. There were no economy seats available.(so)
_______________________________________________________________
5. The hypothesis could be tested. Two experiments were conducted.(so that)
_______________________________________________________________
6. Middle-class families tend to have person-centered structures. Working-class families
are usually positional.(whereas)
_______________________________________________________________
7. Middle-class children do well in most education systems. Working-class children do
relatively poorly.(on the other hand)
_______________________________________________________________
8. Western Europe has large reserves of fuel. The UK has a 250-year supply of coal. (for
instance)
_______________________________________________________________
9. A duck can swim easily and walk on soft ground. It has webbed feet. (so that)
_______________________________________________________________
10.Far fewer peopleare killed or injured during train travel. Rail travel is safer than road
travel. (because)
_______________________________________________________________

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26.Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means exactly the same
as the sentence printed before it.
1. They recruited very few young engineers.
Hardly _________________________________________________________
2. Only two out of the five rooms we have booked have air conditioning.
We have booked five rooms, only ____________________________________
3. Jane seems to come to the performance late.
It looks ________________________________________________________

4. I could hold a big party due to Mom’s help.

Had it __________________________________________________________
5. Success depends on hard work.
The harder ______________________________________________________
6. Fiona was so disappointed that she could not keep on working.
Such ___________________________________________________________
7. Although Richard is competent in his work, he does not know how to deal with this
client.
Competent ______________________________________________________
8. It was wrong of you to allow a four-year-old child to walk home alone.
You should ______________________________________________________
9. I could realize how important the family is only after I left home.
Not until ________________________________________________________
10.Mrs. Green is proud of her son’s contribution to the play.
Mrs. Green is proud of what_________________________________________
27 Make the following using relative clauses.
1. Alice is my friend. Alice’s mother died last year.

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2. The boy will be punished. He threw that stone.

3. Ann is very friendly. She lives next door.
4. The man is a famous actor. You met him at the party last night.
5. There are some words. They are very difficult to translate.
6. I was looking for a book this morning. I’ve found it now.
7. Is that the car? You want to buy it.
8. Sandra works in advertising. You were talking to her.
9. The little girl ate sweets the whole way. She sat next to me on the coach.
10.Lan is a journalist. Her tape recorder was stolen.

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