Addition and Subtraction of like Fractions Multiplication

(Similar Fractions) Positive and Negative numbers

Step 1: Ensure that all denominators are the same. (same sign) Multiply + (2)(3)= 6
Step 2: Add/subtract all the numerators. The (+ )( +) the
sum/difference will be the numerator of our answer. number
Step 3: Copy the denominator. This will be the (same sign) Multiply + (-2)(-3)= 6
denominator of our answer. (-) ( -) the
Step 4: Express your final answer to lowest term number
(unlike sign)
Example: (-) ( +) Multiply - (-2)(3)= - 6
3 1 4 2 3 1 2 1 (+) ( -) the - (2)(-3)= - 6
+ = = - = = number
6 6 6 3 6 6 6 3

Division
Addition and Subtraction of Unlike Fractions Positive and Negative numbers
(Dissimilar Fractions) (same sign) Divide the + 6/3=2
(+ ) / ( +) number
Step 1. Change the denominators of the fractions +
(same sign) Divide the -6 / - 3 = 2
into a common denominator (LCD). (-)/ ( -) number
(unlike sign)
Step 2. Proceed with the same procedure as adding or -
(-) /( +) Divide the -6 / 3 = - 2
subtracting similar fractions. number -
(+)/ ( -) 6/- 3 = - 2
Example:
3 1
+ =
3+2
=
5 3 1
- =
3−2
=
1 Addition/Subtraction of Algebraic Expression
6 3 6 6 6 3 6 6 Arrange the like terms together, then
Squaring fractions add/subtract.
Note: You can only add/ subtract if same variable
To square a fraction, you multiply the fraction by and same exponent. Just copy the variable and
itself. Another way to think about it is to multiply the exponent and add/subtract the coefficient
numerator by itself and then the denominator by Example
itself. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚
1 1 1 1 = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙𝟐 − 𝟑𝒚 + 𝒚
( )2 = ∗ =
2 2 2 4 = 𝟒𝒙𝟐 − 𝟐𝒚
Simplification of Fraction involving square root

𝟏𝟐𝟏 𝟏𝟏 𝟏 √𝟏𝟑 √𝟏𝟑 √𝟏𝟑 Multiplication of Algebraic Expression

√ = * = =
𝟖𝟏 𝟗 √𝟏𝟑 √𝟏𝟑 (√𝟏𝟑)𝟐 𝟏𝟑 Case1:
Multiply the coefficient. Copy the variable. Add the
exponent
Square of a number
(𝟐𝒙𝟐 )(𝟑𝒙𝟐) = 𝟔𝒙𝟒
(−𝟑)𝟐 = (−𝟑)(−𝟑) = 𝟗
Case 2:
−𝟑𝟐 = −((𝟑)(𝟑)) = −𝟗 Multiply the coefficient. Copy the variable. Multipy
the exponent
Adding and Subtracting
Positive and Negative numbers
(𝒙𝟐 )3 = 𝒙𝟔
(same sign) Add the Copy the sign +3 +4 = + 7
+ + number
(same sign Add the Copy the sign Division of Algebraic Expression
- 3 -3 = -6
- - number Divide the coefficient. Copy the variable. Subtract the
(unlike sign) Subtract Copy the sign -3 + 7 = 4 exponent
- + the number of the bigger +8 -9 = -1
+ - number
𝟔𝒙𝟑 𝒙𝟑 𝟏
= 𝟑𝒙 = 𝒙−𝟏 = 𝒙
𝟐𝒙𝟐 𝒙𝟒