FC 101- GENERAL BOTANY PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY

ACTIVITY 1 BS BIOLOGY PROGRAM

1st Semester, AY 2022-2023

THE LIVING PLANT CELL

Activity #2

Cernardo Christina Salvador

Mejia Trisha Mae Zamora
Abstract
Life on earth is dominated by plants, they make up 82% global biomass. In
organisms of the kingdom plantae, plant cell is their basic unit of life and
recognize as eukaryotic cells which means they have nucleus. Plants has unique
parts called chroloplast which able them to make their own food by the process
of photosynthesis that could not able to find in animal cell. Aside from
chloroplasts, cell wall is also unique to them.

Keywords: photosynthesis, cell wall, eukaryotic cell, nucleus, global biomass

Introduction
Plant is everywhere,they make up 82% global biomass the flowers,vegata
vegetables ,or even tress. Happy to see them growing everyday and witness the
first leaves or sprouts to reveal, but apart from being a witness, there is
something more that can impress you, how everything works and their hidden
structure than can be seen, know, and study by the use of microscope.
Cell is the smallest structural units of living matter and compose all living
things including the organism of kingdom plantae. Plant cells is classified under
eukaryotic cells distinct on having nucleus served as the brain/ control center of
the cell. Plant cell have special organelles called chloroplast which is the site of
the process of photosynthesis,wherei wherein plants make their own food.
Plant cell have cell wall unlike animal cell, it also have plasma
membrane,nucleu nucleus and cytoplasm that could be seen under the
microscope. Cytoplasm contains all the organelles enclosed within the cell
membrane such as ribosomes,golgi apparatus,endopla endoplasmic reticulum
( rough and smooth ER), mitochondria,vacuo vacuoles and lysosomes.

Materials
To perform this activity researchers used the following materials;
FC 101- GENERAL BOTANY PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
ACTIVITY 1 BS BIOLOGY PROGRAM
1st Semester, AY 2022-2023

Procedures
1. Prepare all the materials
2. Prepare the potato tuber, place the cutted section of potato tuber in the glass
slide and put a drop of water on it then place he coverslip over the specimen.
Focus the slide under LPO and HPO and observe.
3. Peel a small portion of tomato fruit skin. Place it on a glass slide and put a
drop of a water then set up it on the stage and focus it's LPO and HPO.
4. Pick a hydrilla leaf, choose the fresh me that soak in the water and place it on
the glass slides, put a drop of water on it and place the coverslip, prepare the
glass slide in the mechanical stage and focus the LPO and HPO of it.
5. Prepared the slide of Allium Cepa by cutting Small and thin portion of it and
place in the glass slide and focus the LPO and HPO.
6. Identify the observed parts of the different cell.

Results
FC 101- GENERAL BOTANY PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
ACTIVITY 1 BS BIOLOGY PROGRAM
1st Semester, AY 2022-2023

Discussion

TABLE 1: Present or Absent

Parts identified Function of Parts Hydrilla Tomato Potato
Leaf fruit skin Tuber
Present of Absent
1.Cell Wall It perform metabolic Present Present Present
activity and provide
mechanical strength
2.Nucleus It is the control/brain Present Present Present
center of the cell
3.Cytoplasm Jelly like substance where Present Present Present
chemical reactions
happens, this is also the
place where cyclosis can
be observed.
4.Cell Membrane It mediates the transport Present Present Present
of substance into and out
of the protoplasm
5.vacuole It's is the largest cell Present Present Present
organelle that maintain
the water balance in the
FC 101- GENERAL BOTANY PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
ACTIVITY 1 BS BIOLOGY PROGRAM
1st Semester, AY 2022-2023
cell or the storage of the
cell.

Plant cell have many Parts and organelle that can be study and here are
the parts of plants cell found to the wet mount side preparation that the
researcher had using compound light microscope are the cell wall ,cell
membrane, nucleus , cytoplasm and vacuole ,all of these organelles are present
in allium Cepa,tomato fruit skin,and hydrilla leaf. Vacuole is the largest organelle
that can be found in plant cells that serve as the storage of the cell that helps to
maintain water balance.
In hydrilla leaf, cyclosis was observed, it is the movement of the liquid
component of cytoplasm within some cells. Cyclosis is important in plant cells
because it provides a driving force or the motion that transport nutrients and
organelles within cell.

Organelle only present in plant cell Function

1. Chloroplast It is the cite of photosynthesis wherein
it contains green pigment called
chlorophyll .
2. Cell Wall It filters the molecules passing in and
out of the cell , it protect and provide
structural support to the cell.
3. Plastids It is responsible for manufacturing and
storing of food, containing the
pigments that is needed in
photosynthesis and different types of
pigment that can change the color of
the cell.

There are special organelles that is unique and can be found only in plant
cells. Plants are known of capable of doing their own food to survive wherein it
have special organelles called chloroplast ,it is where photosynthesis process
undergo and it is the process of making their own food. Cell wall, it is rigid layer
which composed of polysaccharide cellulose, pectin and hemicellulose. Plastids,
it is a membrane bound organelles that have their own DNA, it's job is to store
starch and to carry out the process of photosynthesis that only plant cell is
capable of doing this.

Conclusion
Every cell has unique parts and organelles that can be found, they have
differences in terms of functions and they have important role to be done. Not all
the organelles/ parts of the plant cell is also present in animal cell. Chlloroplast,
cell wall, plastids are only unique in plant cells.
Plants are the only one capable of doing their own food and it is the
photosynthesis.

References
✓ E.U.Selker,2017 https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-
biological-sciences/cytoplasmic-streaming
✓ P.A.Putaiao,2007-2022 https://www.sciencelearn.org.nz/resources/499-cell-
organelles
FC 101- GENERAL BOTANY PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY
ACTIVITY 1 BS BIOLOGY PROGRAM
1st Semester, AY 2022-2023
✓ H.Ritchie and M.Roser https://ourworldindata.org/biodiversity-and-
wildlife#:~:text=work%20on%20Biodiversity-
,Summary,for%20just%200.01%25%20of%20biomass.