Class 10 Physics Explorer

Integrated
Syllabus
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FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD
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CLASS - X
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PHYSICS
FOUNDATION & OLYMPIAD
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E: X P L D R E: R
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PHYSICS
CLASS - 10
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BRAIN MAPPING
ACADEMY
MapptngYour Future
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Published by:
Brain Mapping Academy

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© Brain Mapping Academy
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ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the
prior written permission of the publisher.
Publication Team
Editor: E.V.S.S. Lakshmi
Design & Typing: M. Manjula, M. Nagender
ISBN: 978-93-80299-01-3
Disclaimer
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Every care has been taken by the compilers and
publishers to give correct, complete and updated information. In
case there is any omission, printing mistake or any
other error which might have crept in inadvertently,
neither the compiler / publisher nor any of the
distributors take any legal responsibility.
In case of any dispute, all matters are subject to the
exclusive jurisdiction of the courts in Hyderabad only.
Preface
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Speed and accurac y play an important role in climbing the competitive ladder. Students have to integrate the
habit of being able to calculate and function quickly as well as efficiently in order to excel in the learning culture.
They need to think on their feet, understand basic requirements, identify appropriate information sources and
use that to their best advantage.
The preparation required for the tough competitive examinations is fundamentally different from that of
qualifying ones like the board examinations. A student can emerge successful in a qualifying examination by
merely scoring the minimum percentage of marks, whereas in a competitive examination, he has to score high
Sample)
and perform better than the others taking the examination.
This book provides all types of questions that a student would be required to tackle at the foundation level. The
questions in the exercises are sequenced as Basic Practice, Further Practice, Multiple Answer Questions,
Paragraph Questions, Numerical Problems, Conceptual Questions and Brain Nurtures. Simple questions
involving a direct application of the concepts are given in Basic Practice. More challenging questions on direct
application are given in Further Practice. Questions involving higher order thinking or an open-ended
approach to problems are given in Brain Nurtures. These questions encourage students to think analytically
, to be creative and to come up with solutions of their own. Constant practice and familiarity with these questions
will not only make him/her conceptually sound, but will also give the student the confidence to face any
entrance examination with ease.
Valuable suggestions as well as criticism from the teacher and student community are most welcome and will
(Free
be incorporated in the ensuing edition.
Publisher
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Sample)
1. Ligtht–I ................................................. 01
2. Light–II .................................................. 40
3. Electrostatics ........................................ 69
4. Current Electricity ................................ 96
5. Heating & Chemical Effects
of Electric Current ................................ 129
6. Magnetic Effects of Electric
(Free
Current ................................................. 162
7. Heat ................................................. 186
8. Modern Physics ................................... 213

Answers ................................................ 240
Solution to Crossword Puzzles ........... 255
IIT Foundation and Olympiad Explorer Physics / Class -
X
Chapterr
Magnetic Effects of
6
1
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Electric Current
Com mon M isconceptio n Fact

1. The source of magnetic field is a mag netic 1. No. The source of magnetic field is not a
charg e. m a g n et ic ch arg e s i n c e a n is o l
at ed magnetic poles do not exist, whereas
Sample)
the source of electric field is electric charge.
2. When a current flows through a conductor, it 2. When a current flows through a conductor it
has electric field around it. has magnetic field around it, but not
electric field.
SYNOPSIS
INTRODUCTION
An electric current can also produce magnetic effect. The term 'magnetic effect of current'
means that 'a current flowing in a wire produces a magnetic field around it'. In other
words, electric current can produce magnetism. The magnetic effect of current was
discovered by Oersted in 1820. Oersted found that a wire carrying a current was able to
(Free
deflect a compass needle. Now, the compass needle is a tiny magnet which can be
deflected only by a magnetic field. Since a current carrying wire was able to deflect a
compass needle, it was concluded that a current flowing in a wire always gives rise to a
magnetic field around it. The importance of magnetic effects of current lies in the fact
that it gives rise to mechanical forces. The electric motor, electric generator, telephone
and radio, all utilize the magnetic effects of current. The magnetic effects of current is
also called electromagnetism which means electricity produces magnetism.
Magnetic field pattern due to straight current - carrying conductor (straight current - carrying
Wire)
The magnetic field lines around a straight conductor (straight wire) carrying current are
concentric circles whose centre lie on the wire. When current in the wire flows in the
upward direction, then the lines of magnetic field are in the anticlockwise direction. If
the direction of current in the wire is reversed, the direction of magnetic field lines also
gets reversed.
It has been shown by experiments that the magnitude of magnetic field produced by
a straight current - carrying wire at a given point is : (i) directly proportional to the
current passing in the wire, and (ii) inversely proportional to the distance of that point
from the wire. So greater the current in the wire, stronger will be the magnetic field
6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

2
IIT Foundation and Olympiad Physics / Class -
Explorer X
produced. And greater the distance of a point from the current-carrying wire, weaker
will be the magnetic field produced at that point. In fact, as we move away from a
current-carrying straight wire, the concentric circles around it representing magnetic
field lines, becomes larger and larger indicating the decreasing strength of the magnetic
field.
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B
Current
(Upwards)
M
C
Sample)
Magnetic
field lines
(anticlockwise)
A
Magnetic field pattern due to a
straight current - carrying wire
Direction of magnetic Field produced by current - carrying conductor
If the direction of current is known, then the direction of magnetic field produced by a
straight wire carrying current can be obtained by using Maxwell's right - hand thumb
rule. According to Maxwell's right - hand thumb rule : Imagine that you are grasping the
current carrying wire in your right hand so that your thumb points in the direction of
current, then the direction in which your fingers encircle the wire will give the direction
of magnetic field lines around the wire. Maxwell's right - hand thumb rule is also known
as Maxwell's corkscrew rule.
(Free
B
Direction of
magnetic
field
Direction of
current
Straight wire
carrying current Right
hand
A
Right - hand thumb rule to find the
direction of magnetic field

3
Explorer X
If a conductor of infinitely long wire at a perpendicular distance r from it, at that point,
0 i
Magnetic induction, B
4 r
Magnetic Field Pattern due to a Circular Loop Carrying Current
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When a current is passed through the circular loop of wire, a magnetic field is produced
around it. The pattern of magnetic field due to a current carrying circular loop is shown
in figure. The magnetic field lines are circular near the current-carrying loop. As we
move away, the concentric circles representing magnetic field lines become bigger and
bigger. At the centre of the circular loop, the magnetic field lines are straight. By
applying right - hand thumb rule, it can be seen that each segment of circular loop
carrying current produces magnetic field lines in the same direction within the loop. At
the centre of the circular loop, all the magnetic field lines are in the same direction
Sample)
and aid each other, due to which the strength of magnetic field increases.
The magnitude of magnetic field produced by a current - carrying circular loop at its
centre is :
i) directly proportional to the radius of circular loop (or circular wire), and
ii) inversely proportional to the radius of circular loop (or circular wire).
Circular loop of wire Circular
carrying current current
C
(Free Magnetic
field lines
T
Magnetic field lines due to circular loop

(or circular wire) carrying current.
A circular coil of radius 'r' with n turns carries current magnetic field at the axis of the
loop,
ni r 2
B 0
2 r2 x 2
3
2
At the centre of coil, x = 0
ni
B 0
2r

4
Explorer X
Magnetic Field due to a Solenoid
The solenoid is a long coil containing a large number of close turns of insulated copper
wire. The magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid is similar to the
magnetic field produced by a bar magnet. The magnetic field lines inside the solenoid
are in the form of parallel straight lines. This indicates that the strength of magnetic
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field is the same in a region , it is said to be uniform magnetic field. Thus, the
magnetic field is uniform inside a current - carrying solenoid. The uniform magnetic
field inside the current - carrying solenoid has been represented by drawing parallel
straight field lines. Even the earth's magnetic field at a given place is uniform which
consists of parallel straight field lines.
The strength of magnetic field produced by a current carrying solenoid depends on :
i) The number of turns in the solenoid. Larger the number of turns in the solenoid,
greater will be the magnetism produced.
Sample)
ii) The strength of current in the solenoid. Larger the current passed through solenoid,
stronger will be the magnetic field produced.
iii) The nature of "core material" used in making solenoid. The use of soft iron rod as
core in solenoid produces the strongest magnetism.
Magnetic field lines
Solenoid
S N
(Free
.
X
B
Magnetic field due to a current carrying
solenoid is similar to that of a bar magnet
Electro magnet
An electric current can be used for making temporary magnets known as electromagnets.
An electromagnet works on the magnetic effect of current. An electromagnet consists of
a long coil of insulated copper wire wound on a soft iron core. The core of an
electromagnet must be of soft iron because soft iron loses all of its magnetism when
current in the coil is switched off.
Factors affecting the strength of an electromagnet.
The strength of an electromagnet depends on :
i) The number of turns in the coil. If we increase the number of turns in the coil, the
strength of electromagnet increases.
ii) The current flowing in the coil. If the current in the coil is increased, the strength of
electromagnet increases.

5
Explorer X
iii) The length of air gap between its poles. If we reduce the length of air gap between
the poles of an electromagnet, then its strength increases.
Soft iron core Coil of insulated
copper wire
C
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N S
Electromagnet
Force on Current Carrying Conductor placed in a Magnetic Field
Sample)
Oersted's experiment which shows that a current carrying wire exerts a force on a
compass needle and deflects it from its usual north - south position. Since a compass
needle is actually a small freely pivoted magnet, it can also say that a current carrying
wire exerts a mechanical force on a magnet, and if the magnet is free to move, this force
can produce a motion in the magnet. When a current carrying conductor is placed in a
magnetic field, a mechanical force is exerted on the conductor which can make the
conductor move. This is known as the motor principle and forms galvanometer.
When a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, a mechanical
force is exerted on the conductor which makes it move. The direction of force acting on
a current carrying wire placed in a magnetic field is (i) perpendicular to the direction of
current, and (ii) perpendicular to the direction of magnetic field. The maximum force is
exerted on a current carrying conductor only when it is perpendicular to the direction of
magnetic field. No force acts on a current carrying conductor when it is parallel to the
magnetic field. The direction of force on a current carrying conductor placed in a
(Free
magnetic field can be reversed by reversing the direction of current flowing in the
conductor. The direction of force on a current carrying conductor placed in a magnetic
field can also be reversed by reversing the direction of magnetic field.
Fleming’s Left - Hand Rule for the Direction of Force
According to Fleming's left - hand rule : Hold the forefinger, the centre finger and the
thumb of your left hand at right angles to one another. Adjust your hand in such a way
that the forefinger points in the direction of magnetic field and the centre finger points
in the direction of current, then the direction in which thumb points, gives the direction
of force acting on the conductor.
Left hand A Magnetic field
B East
Magnetic field
Force or
Motion
Current
Current
D
South
Force or
Motion (a) C
Vertically downwards (b)

6
Explorer X
Electric Motor
A motor is a device which converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
Principle of a Motor
A motor works on the principle that when a rectangular coil is placed in a magnetic
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field and current is passed through it, a force acts on the coil which rotates it
continuously.
ELECTRO MAGNETIC
INDUCTION
Michael Faraday showed that a changing magnetic field can induce an electromotive
force (e.m.f) which drives an induced current through a closed circuit. This phenomenon
is known as Electromagnetic Induction.
Laws of Electromagnetic Induction
Sample)
The electromotive force generated in a conductor is proportional to the rate of change
of magnetic lines of force linking the circuit.
The negative rate of change of magnetic flux associated with a coil of (1 loop) is equal to
the induced emf (e) in that coil.
d
e=
dt
Where e = induced emf, = magnetic flux

For N loops of the coil,
Nd
e=
dt
e= N
d
dt
(Free
BA
Magnetic flux density =

B
A
M. Flux
Area
d
e= NBA
dt
The negative sign indicates that induced emf (e) has a nature to oppose the change in
magnetic flux. .
Lenz’s Law
The direction of the induced e.m.f. and hence the induced current in a closed circuit is
always such that its magnetic effect opposes the motion or change producing it. Lenz's
law is analogous to Law of conservation of energy.

7
Explorer X
Flemming’s Right Hand rule
When the fingers of right hand palm are stretched in such a way that the Fore - finger,
Central finger and Thumb are mutually perpendicular to each other. Then The Fore -
finger indicates the direction of magnetic field, Thumb represents the direction of motion
of the conductor, then the Middle finger indicates the direction of induced current.
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SELF - INDUCTANCE
If a current is passed through a conducting coil of one loop, there develops magnetic
flux around it.
The magnetic flux is directly proportional to i.
Where L = coefficient of self inductance
an emf in the loop.
Induced emf e =
d
Sample)
When the main current i in the loop is not constant and it is changing, it causes a
continuous change in magnetic flux associated with the coil. This change in flux induces
dt
d
e= Li) Li
dt
di
e = -L
dt
(Free
The self inductance of the coil is numerically equal to induced emf in the circuit, if rate
of change of current is 1 ampere per second.
sec
L = e
ampere
e
In general L = di
dt
volt
S. I unit = s
A
J 1
J. J
= C s A
2
A A A
If i constant current is changing due to change in current i
6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 168 © Brain Mapping Academy

Explorer X
p Soft Iron S Soft Iron
p S
N1 N2
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Core
N 2 > > N1
E2 > > E1
E2 E1
Core
N 2 > > N1 E2
E2 > > E1
(Step-up transformer) (Step-down transformer)
Sample)
Electric Generator
The electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

Principle of Electric Generator
The electric generator is an application of electromagnetic induction. The electric
generator works on the principle that when a straight conductor is moved in a magnetic
field, then current is induced in the conductor.
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Example 1
What is the basic difference between magnetic and electric field ?In what way is an
(Free
electric field different from a magnetic field ?
Solution :
A charged particle always experiences force due to an electric field. It does not matter
whether the charged particle is at rest or is in motion. How ever, due to magnetic field,
force on a charged particle acts only, when it moves inside the magnetic field and its
motion is not along the direction of the magnetic field. Further, when electric field acts,
the kinetic energy of the charged particle is a affected. However, there is no effect on
the kinetic energy of a charged particle due to its motion inside the magnetic field.
Example 2
An electron is projected in the direction of magnetic field. How will its motion be affected
by the action of magnetic field ?
Solution :
Force acts on the electron due to the magnetic field, when it is projected in the direction
of magnetic field. Hence its motion will not be affected.

Explorer X
Example 9
The induced e.m.f. is also called back e.m.f. why ?
Solution :
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The induced e.m.f. is also called back e.m.f as it opposes the applied voltage.
Example 10
What is the magnitude of the induced current in the circular loop KLMN of radius r, if
the straight wire PQ carries a steady current of magnitude I ampere?
N L
Solution :
p
M
ISample) Q
No induced emf will be produced in the circular loop. It is because, due to steady
current flowing.
(Free

CONCEPT
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Explorer
IIT Foundation and Olympiad
6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current
MAP
Magnetic effects of electric current
Force on a currentOersted
carryingexperiment
conductor placed in a magnetic field
(Free
Max well's Right hand
Thumb rule
Fleming's left hand rule
Electric motor
Magnetic field due to a
current circular loop carrying
173
Sample)
current
EM induction
Magnetic field due to
a solenoid
Electric generator
Electro magnet
©
Transformer
Brain Mapping Academy
X
Physics / Class -
Summative Exercise
BASIC
PRACTICE
SECTION A
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1.
FILL IN THE
BLANKS
Oersted's experiment gives dependence of the direction of magnetic field with
.
2. The source of electric field is .
3. The direction of magnetic field lines due to a straight current carrying conductor may be
found by applying .
Sample)
4. The lines magnetic induction due to a straight current carrying conductor are .
5. If a copper wire carries a direct current, the magnetic field associated with the current
will be only the rod.
6. law gives the quantitative relationship between current and magnetic field
due to the current carrying conductor.
7. The direction of magnetic field on the conductor in Fleming's left hand rule is repre-
sented by finger.
8. The strength of magnetic field produced by a current carrying circular coil can be
by increasing the number of turns of wire in the coil.
9. An electromagnet is a magnet.
10. An electric generator converts mechanical energy into energy.
(Free
11. The SI unit of inductance is .
12. is increased in a step down transformer.
13. The property of a conductor which enables to induce an emf due to change of current in
the same coil is .
14. The magnitude of induced emf is directly proportional to the rate of change of
linked with the circuit.
15. According to Ampere's swimming rule, if a man swims along a direction opposite to the
direction of the current, south pole of the needle deflects towards his .
TRUE OR FALSE
16. A current flowing in a wire always give rise to a magnetic field.
17. Magnetic lines of force around any current carrying conductor are circular in nature.
18. According to right hand thumb rule the direction in which our fingers are folded gives
4
the direction of current.

5
19. The magnetic produced by a current carrying solenoid is similar to the magnetic field
produced by a bar magnet.
20. When a current carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, a mechanical force is
exerted on the conductor which can make the conductor move.
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21. Fleming's right hand rule is used to determine the direction of force acting on a current
carrying wire placed in a magnetic field.
22. Maximum force acts on a current carrying conductor when it is parallel to the magnetic
field.
23. Magnetic field is not associated with a decelerated charge.
24. A transformer is a device which gives only ac voltage.
Sample)
25. Electro magnetic induction is a phenomenon of production of electric current in a coil,
when the magnetic flux linked with the coil is changed.
MATCH THE FOLLOWING
26. Column I Column II

A. Fleming's Left hand Rule p. direction of magnetic flux
B. Fleming's Right hand Rule q. direction of magnetic force on a current
carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field
C. Ampere's Swimming Rule r. direction of induced current and its nature
D. Lenz's law s. direction of induced current
27. Column I
(Free
A. Magnetic induction at a point near
a straight current carrying conductor

Column II
p. e = N d B
I dt
B. Force on a current carrying conductor q. Vp > Vs
i
C. Faraday's law of electro magnetic induction r. B =
2 r
D. Step up transformer s. Vp < Vs

E. Step down transformer t. F = BIL

6
FURTHER PRACTICE
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
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1. Which statement about the action of a transformer is correct ?
(A) Alternating current always flows in the secondary coil when an alternating voltage
is applied to the primary coil.
(B) The current in the secondary coil is always larger than the current in the primary
coil.
(C) An e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil when an alternating voltage is applied to
the primary coil.
Sample)
(D) An e.m.f. is induced in the secondary coil when a steady direct current flows in the
primary coil.
2. A current flows in a conductor from east to west. The direction of the magnetic field at
a point above the conductor is
(A) towards north (B) towards south (C) towards east (D) towards west
3. The magnetic field at a distance r from a long wire carrying current I is 0-4 tesla. The
magnetic field at a distance 2r is
(A) 0-1 tesla (B) 0-2 tesla (C) 0-8 tesla (D) 1-6 tesla
4. A positively charged particle moving due east enters a region of uniform magnetic field
directed vertically upwards. The particle will
(A) get deflected in vertically upward direction.
(Free
(B) move in circular path with an increased speed.
(C) move in circular path with a decreased speed.
(D) move in a circular path with a uniform speed.
5. A charged particle is moving through uniform magnetic field, then magnetic field :
(A) always exerts a force on the particle
(B) never exerts a force on the particle.
(C) exerts a force, if the particle is moving along the field.
(D) exerts a force, if the particle is moving perpendicular to the direction of the field.
6. In electromagnetic induction, the induced e.m.f. is independent of
(A) change of flux (B) time (C) tesla (D) weber
7. Magnitude of e.m.f. produced in a coil, when a magnet is inserted into it does not
depend upon :
(A) number of turns in the coil. (B) resistance of the coil.
(C) magnetic moment of magnet. (D) speed of the magnet.

7
8. A magnet is moved towards a coil, first quickly and then slowly. The induced e.m.f.
produced is:
(A) larger in first case
(B) smaller in first case
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(C) equal in both cases
(D) larger or smaller, depending upon resistance of the coil
9. Refer to the figure. Deflection in the galvanometer (G) occurs, when :
Sample)
S N
COIL
(A) the magnet is pushed into the coil
(B) the magnet is rotated into the coil
(C) the magnet is stationary at the centre of the coil.
(D) the number of turns in the coil is reduced.
10. A field due to a long straight wire carrying a current I is proportional to
(A) I (B) I2 (C) I3 (D) I

11. In the right -hand thumb rule, the thumb points towards the :
(Free
(A) direction of current (B) direction of magnetic field
(C) direction of earth's magnetic field (D) all of these
12. When a charged particle moves through a magnetic field it suffers a change in its :
(A) energy (B) mass (C) speed (D) direction of motion
13. The split - ring type commutator is used in generators to :
(A) convert AC to DC (B) convert DC to AC
(C) induce emf (D) induce magnetism
14. In an electrical motor, the energy transformation is from :
(A) electrical to light (B) electrical to mechanical
(C) light to electrical (D) mechanical to mechanical
15. A straight wire of diameter 0.5 mm carrying a current of 1 A is replaced by another wire
of 1 mm diameter carrying the same current. The strength of magnetic field far away is:
(A) twice the earlier value (B) half of the earlier value
(C) quarter of its earlier value (D) unchanged

8
25. If in a transformer the number of turns of primary coil and secondary coil are 5 and 4
respectively and 240 V is applied to primary coil, then the ratio of current in primary
and secondary coil is :
(A) 4 : 5 (B) 5 : 4 (C) 5 : 10 (D) 8 : 12
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26. The SI unit of inductance, the henry, can be written as :
(A) weber ampere-1 (B) volt - s ampere-1
(C) joule ampere-1 (D) ohm s-1
27. The number of turns in the primary and the secondary coils of a transformer are 1000
and 3000 respectively. If the primary of the coil is connected to 80 volt ac, then
potential difference per turn of the secondary coil is :
(A) 240 V (B) 24 V (C) 0.24 V (D) 0.08 V
28.
(A) 10 A (B) 5 A Sample)

An ideal transformer is used on 220 V line to deliver 2 A at 110 V. The current through
the primary is :
(C) 1 A
29. In a transformer, number of turns in primary and secondary are 500 and 2000
(D) 0.1 A
respectively.
If current in primary is 48 A, current in the secondary is :
(A) 144 A (B) 24 A (C) 48 A (D) 12 A
30. Power is transmitted from a power house on high voltage ac because :
(A) the rate of transmission is faster at high voltage
(B) it is more economical due to less power wastage
(Free
(C) the life of the current carrying wire is prolonged
(D) a precaution against the theft of transmission line
MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS
1. The direction of magnetic field around a current carrying conductor is determined by

which of the following principles ?
(A) Fleming's right hand rule (B) Ampere's right hand rule
(C) Maxwell's cork screw rule (D) Ampere's swimming rule
2. The magnetic field at a point due to a current carrying conductor is directly proportional
to:
(A) resistance of the conductor
(B) thickness of the conductor
(C) current flowing through the conductor
(D) distance from the conductor
17 © Brain Mapping Academy
3. If a long cylindrical conductor carries a steady current parallel to its length :
(A) the electric field along the axis is zero
(B) the magnetic field along the axis is zero
(C) the magnetic field outside the conductor is zero
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(D) the electric field outside the conductor is zero
4. The path of a charged particle moving in a magnetic field can be a :
(A) straight line (B) circle (C) parabola (D) helix
5. In case of motion of a charged particle in a steady magnetic field :
(A) speed remains constant (B) momentum remains constant
(C) kinetic energy remains constant (D) work done is a always zero
Sample)
6. A portion moving with constant velocity passes through a region of space without any
change in its velocity. If E and B represent electric and magnetic fields respectively, this
region of space may have :
(A) E = 0 and B = 0 (B) E = 0 and B 0 (C) E 0 and B = 0 (D) E 0 and B 0
7. A long straight wire of radius r carries a current distributed uniformly over its cross-
section. The magnitude of the magnetic field is :
(A) maximum at the axis of wire
(B) minimum at the axis of the wire
(C) maximum at the surface of the wire
(D) minimum at the surface of the wire
(Free
ASSERTION AND REASON TYPE
QUESTIONS
The questions given below consists of statements of an Assertion and a Reason. Use the
following key to choose the appropriate answer.
(A) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT and reason is the CORRECT
explanation of the assertion.
(B) If both assertion and reason are CORRECT, but reason is NOT THE CORRECT
explanation of the assertion.
(C) If assertion is CORRECT, but reason is INCORRECT.
(D) If assertion is INCORRECT, but reason is
CORRECT. (E) If both assertion and reason are
INCORRECT.
1. Assertion : Magnetic field interacts with a moving charge and not with a stationary
charge.
Reason : A moving charge produces a magnetic
field.

2. Assertion : Force experienced by moving charge will be maximum if direction of
velocity of charge is parallel to applied magnetic field.
Reason : Force on moving charge is independent of direction of applied magnetic
field.
3. Assertion : A stationary charged particle in a magnetic field does not experience a force.
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Reason : The force acting on a charged particle does not depend on velocity of the
particle.
4. Assertion : A magnetic field exert a force on a moving charge in the same direction as
the direction of field itself.
Reason : The direction of force is given by Fleming's left hand rule.
5. Assertion : A current carrying conductor experiences a force in a magnetic field.
Sample)
Reason : The net charge on a current carrying conductor is zero.
6. Assertion : When current is represented by a straight line, the magnetic field will be
circular.
Reason : According to Fleming's left hand rule, direction of force is parallel to the
magnetic field.
PARAGRAPH
QUESTIONS
Passaee - I
Three specimens of magnetic material were tested using the apparatus shown in the
diagram.
(Free
Specimen under
test
Iron nails
When the switch is closed, the specimen picks up some of the iron nails but when the
switch is opened, many or most of the nails fall off. The number of nails picked up and
left on were found for three specimens. The table shows the results.

Specimen Number of nails picked up Number of nails left on
X 35 4
Y 20 10
Z 40 3
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i) Which material is the best electromagnet among the three ?
(A) X (B) Y (C) Z (D) all the above
ii) Which material among the following is suitable for making use in compasses ?
(A) X (B) Y (C) Z (D) all the above
iii) What does the number of nails left on the material infer to ?
(A) Ability to retain magnetism when current is removed
Sample)
(B) Ability to induce e.m.f
(C) To undergo magnetostriction on removal of current
(D) Ability to change strength of magnetic field
iv) Which among the following pair of elements are suitable in the construction of
electric bell ?
(A) X, Y (B) Y, Z (C) X, Z (D) X, Y, Z
SECTION –
B
NUMERICAL PROBLEMS
1. A horizontal wire 0.1 m long carries a current of 5 A. Find the magnitude and direction
of the magnetic field, which can support the weight of the wire. Assume wire to be of
mass 3 x 10-3 kg m-1.
(Free
2. A transformer consists of a coil of 1200 turns and another coil, with a total of 120
turns, which can be tapped at various places. Primary voltage is 240 V. At which pair of
terminals would you connect to a 12 V, 24 V lamp for it to be lit normally ?
3. A long straight conductor carries a current of 5 amps. Find the magnetic field at a
distance of 0.2 metre away from the wire. Given 7 1 1
0
4 10 wb A m .
4. A current of 1 A flows in a length 0.1 m placed in a magnetic field of 0.5 T. Calculate
the acting on the wire when the wire makes an angle of (i) 90° and (ii) 0°, with respect to
the magnetic field.
5. A current of 0.24 A flows through a circular coil of 72 turns, the average diameter of
the coil being 20 cm. What is the strength of field produced at the centre of the coil ?
6. When current changes from 4 A to 0 A in 0.1 s in an inductor the induced emf is found to
be 100 V, then find the value of self - inductance.
7. In a transformer the number of turns of primary coil and secondary coil are 5 and 4
respectively and 240 V is applied on primary coil, then find the ratio of current in
primary and secondary coils.
8. A transformer steps up an ac supply from 220 to 2200 V. If the secondary coil of the
transformer has 2000 turns, Then find the number of turns in its primary coil.
9. The primary winding of a transformer has 500 turns whereas its secondary has 5000
turns. The primary is connected to an ac supply of 20 V, 50 Hz. What will be the
output of the secondary ?
10. A solenoid is 2.0 m long and 3.0 cm in diameter. It has 5 layers of winding of 1000
turns each and carries a current of 5.0 A. What is the magnetic field at its centre ?
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CONCEPTUAL QUESTIONS
1. Can a current carrying straight electric wires attract the nearby iron objects towards
them ?
2. In what respect does a wire carrying a current differ from a wire, which carries no
current ?
3. Explain the rule, with illustration, related to the direction of current through a
conductor and magnetic field.
Sample)
4. An electric charge enters in electric field at right angles to the direction of electric field.
What is the nature of the path followed ?
5. An electron is not deflected, while moving through a certain region of space. Can we be
sure that there is no magnetic field in the region ?
6. In a field, the force experienced by a charge depends upon its velocity and becomes zero,
when it is at rest. What is the nature of the field ?
7. Why the core used in a transformer and other electromagnetic devices is laminated?
SECTION –
C
PREVIOUS CONTEST QUESTIONS
1. Magnetic field at the centre of a coil carrying current in clock wise direction is
(A) towards the centre of the coil (B) away from the centre of the coil
(Free
(C) towards you (D) away from you
2. An electron is moving towards east in a magnetic field acting vertically downwards. So
the electron is deflected towards.
(A) south (B) north (C) east (D) west
3. A conductor of length l carrying current i is placed perpendicular to magnetic field of
indication B. The force experienced by it is
(A) i lB (B) iB I l (C) il I B (D) lB I i
4. An electric current passes through a long straight wire. At a distance 5 cm from wire,
the magnetic field is B. The field at 20 cm from the wire would be
(A) 2B (B) B I 4 (C) B I 2 (D) B
5. Two circular coils are made of two identical wires of the same length. If the number of
turns of the two coils are 4 and 2, then the ratio of magnetic inductions at the centres
will be
(A) 4 : 1 (B) 2 : 1 (C) 1 : 2 (D) 1 : 1
6. An electric charge in uniform motion produces
(A) an electric field only (B) a magnetic field only
(C) both electric and magnetic fields (D) no such field at all
7. If a copper rod carries a direct current, the magnetic field associated with the current
will be
(A) only inside the rod (B) only outside the rod
(C) both inside and outside the rod (D) neither inside nor outside the rod
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8. The magnetic field at a distance 'r' from a long wire carrying current 'i' is 0.4 Tesla. The
magnetic field at a distance '2r' is
(A) 0.2 tesla (B) 0.8 tesla (C) 0.1 tesla (D) 1.6 tesla
9. The current in a choke changes from 0 to 10 A in 5 seconds. If the inductance of the
choke is 2H the induced emf is
(A) 2 V (B) 8 V (C) 4 V (D) 12 V
10. The current passing through a choke coil of 5 henry is decreasing at the rate of 2 ampI
Sample)
sec. The e.m.f. developed across the coil is
(A)10 volts (B) -10 volts (C) 2.5 volts (D) -2.5 volts
BRAIN NURTURES
1. A long wire is first bent into a circular coil of one turn and then into a circular coil of
smaller radius having n turns. If the same current passes in both the cases, find the
ratio of the magnetic fields produced at the centres in the two cases.
2. Under which condition, an electron moving through a magnetic field experiences
maximum force ?
3. Under what condition is the force acting on a charge moving through a uniform
magnetic field minimum ?
(Free
4. What will be the path of a charged particle moving along the direction of a uniform
magnetic field ?
5. An electron and a proton moving with the same speed enter the same magnetic field
region at right angles to the direction of the field. For which of the two particles will the
radius of circular path be smaller.
6. Which of the graphs shows the variation of magnetic induction B with distance 'r' from
a long wire carrying a current ?
B B B B
(A) (B) (C) (D)
r r r r
7. Two flat circular coils are made of two identical wires each of length 20 cm, one coil has
4 turns while the second has 2. If the same current flows through the two, then find
ratio of the field at their centre.

Crossword Puzzle
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2 3 4
5
Sample) 8
10
11
ACROSS (Free DOWN
5 Temporary magnet 1 Electricity produces magnetism is called by

7 Electric motor converts electrical energy to this name
this form of energy 2 SI unit of inductance
9 Static device that works on principle 3 A long coil containing a large number of
of electromagnetic induction close turns of insulated copper wire.
10 In Fleming’s left hand rule the direction of 4 Discovered that a wire carrying current is
force is represented using capable to deflect a compass needle
11 In a setup transformer, voltage of this coil 6 This device converts mechanical energy
is greater to electrical energy
8 The direction of induced emf and its nature
can be found by this law.

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UNIQUE ATTRACTIONS
•
•
Cross word Puzzles
Graded Exercise
• Basic Practice
•
•
Sample)
Numerical Problems
Conceptual Questions
Multiple Answer Questions
Paragraph Questions
• Further Practice
• Brain Nurtures C
S
L
A
S
S
ol -
X
ut
io
n
s
` 75
(Free
Detailed solutions
for all problems
of IIT Foundation &
Olympiad Explorer
are available in this book
` 200
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COA C H
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6. Magnetic Effects of Electric

7. Heat ................................................. 186

8. Modern Physics ................................... 213

Com mon M isconceptio n Fact

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

Magnetic field lines due to circular loop

At the centre of coil, x = 0

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

Where e = induced emf, = magnetic flux

Magnetic flux density =

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 16

The magnetic flux is directly proportional to i.

Where L = coefficient of self inductance

an emf in the loop.

If i constant current is changing due to change in current i

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 168 © Brain Mapping Academy

The electric generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy.

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 170 © Brain Mapping Academy

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 172 © Brain Mapping Academy

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 17

MATCH THE FOLLOWING

26. Column I Column II

a straight current carrying conductor

B. Force on a current carrying conductor q. Vp > Vs

D. Step up transformer s. Vp < Vs

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 17

MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 17

(A) I (B) I2 (C) I3 (D) I

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current 17

(A) 10 A (B) 5 A Sample)

MULTIPLE ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. The direction of magnetic field around a current carrying conductor is determined by

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

(A) (B) (C) (D)

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

ACROSS (Free DOWN

5 Temporary magnet 1 Electricity produces magnetism is called by

6. Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

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