SOCIOLINGUISTICS AND LINGUISTICS

LECTURER:

Dr. Hj. SYAMSIDAR M.Hum.

CREATED BY GROUP 2:

RAHYULIANTI/06620200008

RISNA ALMAIDAH/06620200018

ANDI INDA AN/06620200008

NURDYNA RIANTI/06620200043

SUWARNI/06620200011

ELFENI DESTI ARDANI/06620190074

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTEMENT 2022

UNIVERSITY MUSLIM OF INDONESIA

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 Preface
Praise be to Allah SWT who has given His grace and guidance so that we can complete this paper
entitled "Sociolinguistics and Linguistics" on time. The purpose of writing this paper is to fulfill the task
of the Sociolinguistic course. In addition, this paper also aims to add insight for readers and for writers.
We thank Mrs. Dr. Hj. Syamsidar, M. Hum. as a Sociolinguistics lecturer who has given this assignment
so that it can increase our knowledge and insight. We also thank all those who have shared a little
knowledge so that we can complete this paper. We realize that this paper that we write is still far from
perfect. Therefore, we really hope for constructive criticism and suggestions for the perfection of this
paper.

Maros, 04 March 2022

Group 2

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

COVER SUGGESTION ................................................................................................... i

PREFACE .......................................................................................................................... ii

TABLE OF CONTENT.................................................................................................... iii

CHAPTER I ..................................................................................................................... 1

INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Backround……………………………………………………………………………..1
1.2 Question of the Problems……………………………………………………………..1
1.3 Objectives……………………………………………………………………………..1

CHAPTER II .................................................................................................................... 2

THEORETICAL STUDY ................................................................................................ 2

2.1. Defenition, Function from Sociolinguistics and Linguistics………………………….2

A. Definition of Sociolinguistic ................................................................................... 2

B. Funtion of Sociolinguistics ..................................................................................... 3
C. Defenition of Linguistics………………………………………………………….4
D. Function of Linguistics……………………………………………………………5

CHAPTER III ................................................................................................................... 6

CONCLUTION ................................................................................................................. 6

REFERENCES.................................................................................................................. 7

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 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Backround

The main issues discussed or studied in sociolinguistics are: The study of language in social and cultural
contexts. between linguistic factors, characteristics, diversity and linguistic conditions with socio-cultural
factors. To examine the social function and use of language in society. In other words, sociolinguistics
studies the use and use of language, in which language it is used, the grammar of the language level, the
various consequences of contact between two or more languages, and the variation and time of use of
different languages increases.

While Linguistics is simply, this one science is a science that focuses on language and its use as a
communication tool. Linguistics will take you to study the structure of language and all aspects that
surround it, including psychology and sociology. Why is linguistics important to study?, with that
knowledge of linguistics will provide guidance for compilers of textbooks or the public in formal, non-
formal education and other social life in composing the right sentences, choosing the appropriate
vocabulary.

with that sociolinguistics and linguistics are closely related.

1.2. Questions of the Problems

1. What the definition of Sociolinguistics

2. What the function of Sociolinguistic

3. What the definition of Linguistics

4. What the function of Linguistics

1.3. Objectives

1. To know definition of Sociolinguistic

2. To know function of Sociolinguistics

3. To know definition of Linguistics

4. To know function of Linguistics

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 CHAPTER II
THEORETICAL STUDY

2.1. Defenition, Function from Sociolinguistics and Linguistics.

A. Defenition of Sociolinguistics

Sociolinguistics is a branch of linguistics that belongs to macro linguistics (macrolinguistics).

Sociolinguistics is a combination of two different disciplines (sociology and linguistics) but are closely
related. However, the object of study in socioinguistics is not sociology (the science of the nature,
behavior, and development of society), but language. So, between sociolinguistics and social linguistics
are two disciplines with different objects of study. One studies language and the other examines social-
society conditions. The following are some definitions of sociolinguistics according to several experts,
both from abroad and within the country.

- Sumarsono (2011) says the term sociolinguistics consists of 2 words, namely socio is "society"
and linguistics is "the study of language." So sociolinguistics is the study of language associated
with social conditions (studied by social sciences, especially sociology).
- Halliday (1970) sociolinguistics is institutional linguistics (institutional linguistics), concerned
with the linkage of language with the people who use it (deal with the relation between a
language and the people who use it).
- Pride and Holmes (1972) state that sociolinguistics is "..... the study of language as part of culture
and society" namely the study of language as part of culture and society. So according to them
language is part of culture (language in culture), not something that stands alone (language and
culture).
- Fishman (1972) says that "the sociology of language focuses on the entire gamut of topics related
to the social organization of language behavior, including not only language usage per se, but also
language attitudes, over behavior toward language and language users." Sociolinguistics focuses
on all issues related to the social organization of language behavior, not only covering language
use, but also language attitudes, behavior towards language and language users. So according to
Fishman, sociolinguistics is more focused on the field of sociology than linguistics itself.
However, there are people who associate language problems with being preceded by a study of
social phenomena, and there are also those who do the opposite: starting with social problems and
then entering language.
- Dell Hymes (1973) says "sociolinguistic could be taken to refer to use of linguistic data and
analysis in other disciplines concerned with social life and coversely, to use of social data and
analysis in linguistics." Sociolinguistics can refer to the use of linguistic data and analyze it into
other sciences related to social life and vice versa, refer to social data and analyze it into
linguistics.
- Trudgill (1974) said "sociolinguistic... is that part of linguistic which is concerned with language
as a social and cultural phenomenon." Sociolinguistics is the part of linguistics that deals with
language as a social phenomenon and cultural phenomenon.
- Criper and Widowson (1975) suggested that sociolinguistics is the study of language in
operations, its purpose is to show how the conventions of language use relate to other aspects of
culture. Sociolinguistics is the study of language in use which aims to show agreements or rules
for using language (which are agreed upon by the community) related to cultural aspects in that
society.

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- Hudson (1980) says sociolinguistics "the study of language in relation to society." That
sociolinguistics is the study of language in relation to society. He further said that the sociology
of language is the study of society in relation to language.
- Nababan (1984) says that sociolinguistics is the study or discussion of language in relation to
speakers of that language as members of society. That speakers of the language are members of
the speech community.
- Apple, et al. (1976) argues that sociolinguistics is the study of language and its use in social and
cultural contexts.
- Kersten, et al. (1975) argues that sociolinguistics is a sub-discipline of linguistics that studies
social factors that play a role in language use and social interaction.
- Nancy P. Hickerson (1980) argues that "Sociolinguistics is a developing subfield of linguistics
which takes speech variation as it's focus, viewing variation or it social context. Sociolinguistics
is concerned with the correlation between such social factors and linguistics variation.”
Sociolinguistics is the development of a sub-field that focuses on research on speech variations,
and examines them in a social context. Sociolinguistics examines the correlation between these
social factors and language variations.
- Abdul Chaer (1994) postulates that sociolinguistics is a sub-discipline of linguistics that studies
language in relation to its use in society. What is discussed in sociolinguistics is the use and use
of language, the place of language use, the grammar of the language level, the various
consequences of the contact of two or more languages, and the variety and time of use of the
variety of languages.

B. Function of Sociolinguistics

Indeed, every field of science is used in everyday life. Likewise in sociolinguistics.

Sociolinguistics is very useful in everyday life, because of course there are certain rules in
language as a means of human language communication. In its use, sociolinguistics provides
knowledge about how a language can be used in certain social aspects or aspects. Sociolinguistics
helps in communication by showing the language, diversity, or style of speech used when
speaking to certain people. For example, if we are the children of a family and the interlocutor is
a father, mother, sibling, or sister, we need to use distinctly different variations/styles of
language. Of course, if we are students, we need to use variations or styles of language that are
different from our teachers, classmates, or older classmates. Sociolinguistics also shows how we
should speak when we are in mosques, libraries, parks, markets, and even soccer fields.

Sociolinguistic knowledge can be used In communication or interaction. Sociolinguistics offers

guide us in communicating by showing them. Which language, language diversity or style should
I use? When talking to a specific person. When we become inner children family, of course we
have to use variety/style of language the person we talk to is our father, mother, brother, or
younger brother, sister or younger sister.

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 C. Defenition of Linguistics

Linguistics is the science of language, the science that examines, studies or studies languages in
general, which includes regional languages, Indonesian, or foreign languages. Therefore, linguistics is
also called general linguistics (general linguistics).
Linguistically, the word linguistic comes from the Latin word lingua, which means language.
From here then the term linguistics in various languages was formed. In English, linguistics is called
linguistics which means the study of language. The word linguistics in the word is equivalent to the words
linguistique (French), and linguistiek (Dutch). From the etymological understanding above, it can be said
that what is meant by linguistics is the science of language. This is in line with the understanding of
linguistics according to the Big Indonesian Dictionary Online, namely the science of language or the
scientific study of language.

So Linguistics is A Short Introduction to the Beating Heart of Human Communications.

The study of linguistics incorporates a number of aspects which are very closely related, yet
distinctive from one another. Some of the aspects we explore most often include phonetics,
phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics:

Phonetics is the science concerned with the study of speech processes, including the production,
perception and the analysis of sounds. It is closely connected to phonology.

Phonology is the study of the sound system of a language or languages.

Morphology is a branch of biology which concerns the form and structure or organisms; this
definition includes the form and structure of words within a language, and their modification.

Syntax is the branch of linguistics that covers the grammatical arrangements of words within
sentences, and how we use speech in communication.

Semantics deals with the study of meaning; how we combine words to create meaningful
discourse. It studies the relationship between signs and symbols and what they represent. It is
also used in logic as the principles that determine truth-values of formulas within a logical
system.

Pragmatics (as applied to linguistics) is about how we actually use speech in communication, and
how context aids the transmission of meaning in utterances.

These aspects of linguistics are listed in their hierarchical order, with phonetics and phonology
being the most basic, and rising to pragmatics at the top. It can sometimes be difficult to
differentiate between these sub-fields as they are so closely related to one another.

Linguistics is the scientific study of language, specifically of language form , language

meaning, and language in context. The earliest activities in the description of language have been
attributed to the 4th century BCE Indian grammarian Pāṇini, who was an early student of
linguistics and wrote a formal description of the Sanskri language in his Aṣṭādhyāyī. According
to oxford dictionary, linguistics is study of language.

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 D. Funtion of Linguistics

Linguistics and language have the same function, namely to convey information. The
main essence of language is for easy communication to convey feelings, moods, and attitudes.
Linguistics provides direct benefits to people who are involved in language-related
activities such as linguists, language teachers, translators, dictionary compilers, textbook
compilers, and politicians.
The benefits of linguistics include: Linguist: help complete and carry out their duties in
language investigation, Language teacher: train and teach language skills, Translator: helps in
getting good translation results, Dictionary builder: helps in compiling a complete and good
dictionary, Textbook compiler: helps in choosing words and constructing the right sentences,
Politicians: assist in their activities of communicating with the crowd.

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 CAPTER III
CONCLUTION
3.1. Conclution

Linguistics is a field of science that studies language, or a field of science that takes language as
its object of study. Thus, it can easily be said that sociolinguistics is an interdisciplinary field of
science that studies language in relation to the use of that language in society. So that’s why
Sociolinguistics and linguistics have a relationship where they are interrelated, both are very
important in terms of language learning especially. So when we do reciprocal relationships in the
social environment, the science of sociolinguistics and linguistics is very important for its
application.

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 REFERENCE

https://www.ariesrutung.com/2018/04/pengertian-sosiolinguistik-menurut-para-ahli.html

http://jadi-bisa.blogspot.com/2014/02/fungsi-sosiolinguistik-bahasa.html

http://meaningaccordingtoexperts.blogspot.com

Sayama-Malabar-Buku-Sosiolinguistik (1).pdf

353-Article Text-1817-1-10-20190717.pdf

https://materiips.com/pengertian-linguistik-menurut-para-ahli