Place Meaner Voicing

Articulatory Phonetics Study the Production of sounds

Acoustic Phonetics Study the Transemation of sounds

Phonetics
Auditory Phonetics Study the perception of sounds

Phonetics is the study of human sounds

Phonology is the study of the speech

Phonetics and Phonology sounds system in a prticler language

In English, there are 44 phonemes (24 Consonant and 20

Vowel)

The smallest contrastive unit in the sound

1-Phonemes system of a language that distinguishes one
word from another

A pair of words which differ in meaning and

2-Minimal pair only one sound e.g: cut and cat

A variation in the pronunciation of the same

3-Allophone phoneme e.g:[ph] and [p] like in park/spark

Phonetic units that appear in square

4-Phones brackets

Larynx
ity
v
ca

Lu

Organs
al

Speech Chain
Nas

ngs

of A) Psychological stage
Speech B) Physiological stage
C) Physical stage
Produc a-So
Glo

ft palat
-tion e
tti
s

b-
it
y

Ha
a v rd
a l C Pa
lat
O r e
c-
Al
ve
ol
ar
s

d-To
oth

Ri
dg
e-Lips
f-To

ngu

e
e
th
ee

eeth
rT

Fro
Cen
we

nt
Upper Lip
er T

Lower Li

Back
Lo

tral
Upp

The English Consonants Description

Place of Articlation Manner of Articlation Voicing
1.Bilabial sounds: which are /P/,/b/ 1.Plosives"Stop": which are /P/,/b/,/t/,
and /m/ (we use both lips to produce /d/,/k/ and /g/
them)
voiceless Voiced
2.Fricatives: which are /F/,/v/,/ʃ/,/s/,/z/,
2.Labiodental sounds: which are /F/ /h/,/θ/,/ð/ and /ʒ/
/p/, /t/, /k/,/F/,/θ/, /ʃ/, /s/,/tʃ/ /b/, /d/, /g/,/v/, /ð/, /ʒ/ , /z/, /h/,/dʒ/,/m/,
and /V/ (we use lower lip and upper teeth
3.Affricates: which are /dʒ/ and /tʃ/ /n/, /ŋ/,/l/,/r/
to produce them)
4.Nasals: which are /n/,/m/ and /ŋ/
3.Dental sounds: which are /θ/and/ð/
(we use both teeth and tongue to 5.Vibrant: which is /r/
produce them)
6.Lateral: which is /l/
4.Alveolar sounds: which are /d/,/n/,/t/,
/I/,/s/and/z/ (when the tongue tip coming
near or touching the bony ridge
behind the upper teeth, called the
alveolar ridge they are produced)
5.Retroflex sound: which is /r/ (when /b/>‫ ب‬/d/>‫ د‬/g/>‫ ڨ‬/v/>‫ ف‬/ŋ/>‫ إﻧﻖ‬/z/>‫ز‬
the tip of the tongue is curled back and
make contact with the front part of the /h/>‫ ه‬/l/>‫ ل‬/ð/>‫ ذ‬/θ/>‫ ث‬/r/>‫ ر‬/m/>‫م‬
roof of the mouth they are produced)
6.Velar sounds: which are /k/,/g/ and
/n/>‫ ن‬/P/>‫ ﺑﺎ‬/t/>‫ ت‬/k/>‫ ك‬/F/>‫ ف‬/S/>‫س‬
/ŋ/ (when the back of the tongue against /ʒ/>‫ ج‬/dʒ/>‫ دج‬/ʃ/>‫ ش‬/tʃ/>‫ﺗش‬
or near the velum, or soft palate they are
produced)
7.Alveo Palatal sounds: which are /ʃ/,/
tʃ/ /ʒ/ and /dʒ/ (when the tongue tip
touches the alveolar ridge with a
simultaneous raising of the blade of the
tongue towards the hard palate they are
produced)

All English vowels are /a:/,/3:/,/i:/,/ɔ:/,/u:/ /I/,/e/,/ə/,/æ/,/ʊ/,/ʌ/,/ɔ/

pulmonic egressive and voiced

Long Vowels Short Vowels

The English Vowels Description

1.Position of tongne in 2.Degree of openess 3.Shape of lips
the mouth and closeness of mouth Slightly spread:
Frent Vowels: Close: /I/ /e/
/i:/ /I/ /e/ /æ/ /i:/ /u:/ Spread:
Central Vowels: /i:/
Half-Close:
/3:/ /ə / /ʌ / Slightly open
/ʊ/ /I/ /e/
Back Vowels: Rounded:
/ɔ:/ /ə/
/u:/ /ʊ/ /ɔ:/ /ɔ/ /a:/ /ɔ/
Half-open:
Medium Rounded:
/ɔ/ /ʌ/ /3:/
/ɔ:/
Open:
Loosely rounded:
/a:/ /æ/
/ʊ/
Closely rounded:
/u:/
Neutral:
/ə/
Neutrally open:
/a:/ /æ/ /ʌ/
Neutrally spread:
/3:/