Bechayda Tristan Jerald RSW Midterm

BECHAYDA, TRISTAN JERALD B.
DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING

BSA – 2A RSW – MIDTERM
Republic of the Philippines

ISABELA STATE UNIVERSITY
City of Ilagan, Isabela
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE & TECHNOLOGY

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING 1
Semester/A.Y.: 2nd Semester, SY 2021-2022
I. Introduction
All design must meet a number of standards in terms of both forms and function, which
might feel constraining in the short term. If we are talking about Architectural Design, there are
a lot of details and features that forges ahead in designing architectural related project.
Processes in the field of architectural projects were conducted based on thorough steps and
carefully managed throughout for safety and day to day comfort.
II. Objective
The main focus of this study is all about designing a functional and pleasing looking Private
Medical Clinic with other several health services.
With proper space planning and strategies, it is expected to provide productive service
and experience to the consumers or even the employees, while still considering the modernized
aesthetics as well as the proper implementation of laws with respect to functionality and
accessibility.
III. Background
Most hospitals are designed for highly specialized medical functions. This purpose may
conflict with the need to design the hospital facility to evolve and change functions over time.
While many buildings are currently designed to be loose fit, such as residential, offices, or
commercial buildings, hospitals need to be designed to optimally fit a specific function and still
be designed as loosely as possible to accommodate future functional changes.
The design strategy to fit a specific function limited the hospital affordance to make changes
during the design process, construction, and occupancy phases. Systematic design of system
separation for an unknown function, in contradiction to a “tailor-made” approach in the design
for a specific function, was found to support a variety of changing medical programs.
BECHAYDA, TRISTAN JERALD B. DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING
IV. Design Considerations
There are certain guidelines that need considerations in before and while planning.
These Guidelines are intended to address exterior elements of private medical design to
help promote an overall cohesiveness and enable comprehensive review.
Because of standard rules and the need of patient privacy and safety, designing a medical
facility differs from designing any other commercial structure. Here are five critical factors to
consider while developing a medical facility:
1. Soundproofing
It is critical to consider patient privacy while developing a medical facility. The

acoustics of the room, on the other hand, are frequently overlooked. You'll need to include
certain elements into the design to absorb sound so that it doesn't transfer to other exam
rooms if you want to have quiet chats with patients.
 Insulation for flat roofs
Flat roof insulation may be beneficial to both the environment and the
acoustics. The absence of a pitched room provides for less area for sound to travel.
When sound strikes flat roof insulation, it rapidly absorbs it. If you have a pitched
roof, you must ensure that a layer of insulation is laid level so that sound does not
travel.
 Ceiling tiles in white
White ceiling tiles, which are common in businesses and medical facilities,
serve a function. Because they are comprised of a soft material, they serve as a
sound barrier. If the ceiling is only sheetrock, sound bounces off it and travels
throughout the structure.
2. Cleanliness
Above all, every surface in the medical industry must be not only long-lasting but also
easily cleansed and cleaned. You don't want patients to get infected with one another. You
want to establish sterility if necessary and give a clean environment in general for patient
safety, not to mention regulatory organizations.
 Flooring
The flooring is one of the locations where medical offices often go wrong in
terms of hygiene. Many people will go for vinyl or tile. The issue with vinyl is that it
does not stand up well to vigorous cleaning cycles. Tile has grout lines that are
difficult to clean. Consider coloured concrete flooring as an option. They are one of
the simplest floorings to maintain and can withstand frequent cleaning and high
usage over time. Not to mention that they still look good!
 Finishings
Consider every interior detail, from the color on the walls to the counter tops
and storage. Everything at a medical facility is at risk of being contaminated with
blood or bodily fluids and must be readily cleaned. Choose finishes that can be
readily cleaned with a variety of cleaning products. If any fabric finishings, such as
curtains, are required, ensure sure they can be cleaned. However, any cloth furniture
in patient contact areas should be avoided at all costs. For example, bolstered fabric
chairs in the exam room should not be used until they are wiped down properly.
3. Accessibility
Consider the demography of persons who will be visiting a medical facility. Everyone,
from the sick and wounded to the elderly and everyone in between will need to enter and
navigate the structure. This implies you should think about accessibility.
 Ramps
It is critical for accessibility to have a level entranceway. If you're going to build steps,
be sure to add a wheelchair-accessible ramp. Don't build it so steep that no one can roll
themselves up against it. Keep in mind that not everyone has assistance with them when
they attend a medical facility. Keep your entranceway as level as possible, but if required,
install an ADA-compliant ramp with railings.
 Doorways
Keep in mind that individuals of different sizes will be present in the medical facility,
so make sure the doors are both broad and tall. Every entrance must also be accessible
to those using wheelchairs, walkers, or crutches.
4. Spacing
Making exam rooms small always seems to be the most cost-effective option. After
all, you believe there will only be two individuals in the room. However, be in mind that
some individuals may need to bring assistance, such as wheelchairs or walkers. Additionally,
you may be required to perform treatments that may need the aid of support workers as
well as adequate area to maintain a sterile field. Another idea to consider is hallway space,
particularly near corners. In the event of an emergency, EMS will have to move a stretcher
down the corridors, into rooms, and around corners. Wheelchairs and walkers must also be
manoeuvrable.
 Bathrooms
Consider the restroom accessibility. Everyone must be able to use it and clean their
hands. To make the bathroom more accessible, consider lower sitting sinks, toilets, and
knobs.
5. Operations
Healthcare, like any other company, needs an efficient and seamless day-to-day
operation to provide adequate and timely patient care. When constructing a medical facility,
be sure to incorporate enough room for everything you need as well as a plan that is
functional for your operations. If your physicians must go across the building from their
workplace to visit a patient, you are losing a lot of efficiency.
Similarly, you should not place a staff break room adjacent to a patient care area
since food is not permitted in patient care areas and you want to keep administration and
patient care distinct. If you anticipate a large number of deliveries of supplies, a separate
entrance may be advantageous so that they do not have to transport stacks of boxes past
your waiting or patient care areas.
V. PD 1096: NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (NBC) DESIGN REFERENCE

CНАРTER 7
CLASSIFICATION AND GENERAL REQUIREMENT OF ALL BUILDINGS BY USE OR OCCUPANCY
A. SECTION 701. Occupancy Classified
Division D-2 -Institutional, buildings for health care
1. Hospitals, sanitaria, and homes for the aged

2. Nurseries for children of kindergarten age or nonambulatory patients
accommodating more than five (5) persons
B. SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy

1. OPEN SPACE REQUIREMENT OF LOT TYPE
PROJECT APPLICATION:
Lot Type: Corner Through Lot
Lot Size: 50 m x 20 m x 30 m x and 25 m
Total Lot area: 772.56 sqm
Category: Division D-2 -Institutional, buildings for health care
Building Area Calculation= Lot Area - (Lot Area x 5% open space)
Estimated Allowable Building Area = 733.932 sqm
C. Minimum Required Off-Street (Off-RROW) cum On-Site Parking Slot, Parking Area and
Loading/Unloading Space Requirements by Allowed Use or Occupancy
4. GROUP D
Specific Uses or of Reference Uses or Minimum Required Parking Slot,
Occupancy (refer to Section Character of Occupancies or Parking Area and Loading Space
1.3 of this Rule) Type of Buildings/Structures Requirements
4.2. Division D-2 Private hospital One (1) off-street cum onsite car
parking slot for every twelve (12)
beds; and one (1) off-RROW (or
offstreet) passenger loading space
that can accommodate two (2)
queed jeepney/shuttle slots;
provide at least one (12) loading
slot for articulated truck or vehicle
(a 12.00 meters long container van
plus 6.00 meters length for a
long/hooded prime mover) and one
(1) loading slot for a standard truck
for every 5,000.00 sq. meters of
GFA; and provide truck
maneuvering area outside of the
RROW (within property or lot lines
only)
D. GUIDELINES IN THE PLANNING AND DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL AND OTHER HEALTH FACILITIES
A hospital and other health facilities shall be planned and designed to observe
appropriate architectural practices, to meet prescribed functional programs, and to conform to
applicable codes as part of normal professional practice. References shall be made to the
following:
• P. D. 1096 – National Building Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and
Regulations
• P. D. 1185 – Fire Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations
• P. D. 856 – Code on Sanitation of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and
Regulations
• B. P. 344 – Accessibility Law and Its Implementing Rules and Regulations
• R. A. 1378 – National Plumbing Code of the Philippines and Its Implementing Rules and
Regulations
• R. A. 184 – Philippine Electrical Code
• Manual on Technical Guidelines for Hospitals and Health Facilities Planning and Design.
Department of Health, Manila. 1994
• Signage Systems Manual for Hospitals and Offices. Department of Health, Manila. 1994
• Health Facilities Maintenance Manual. Department of Health, Manila. 1995
• Manual on Hospital Waste Management. Department of Health, Manila. 1997
• District Hospitals: Guidelines for Development. World Health Organization Regional
Publications, Western Pacific Series. 1992
• Guidelines for Construction and Equipment of Hospital and Medical Facilities. American
Institute of Architects, Committee on Architecture for Health. 1992
• De Chiara, Joseph. Time-Saver Standards for Building Types. McGraw-Hill Book
Company. 1980
1. Environment: A hospital and other health facilities shall be so located that it is readily
accessible to the community and reasonably free from undue noise, smoke, dust, foul odor,
flood, and shall not be located adjacent to railroads, freight yards, children's playgrounds,
airports, industrial plants, disposal plants.
2. Occupancy: A building designed for other purpose shall not be converted into a hospital. The
location of a hospital shall comply with all local zoning ordinances.
3. Safety: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and maintain a safe environment
for patients, personnel and public. The building shall be of such construction so that no
hazards to the life and safety of patients, personnel and public exist. It shall be capable of
withstanding weight and elements to which they may be subjected.
 Exits shall be restricted to the following types: door leading directly outside the building,
interior stair, ramp, and exterior stair.
 A minimum of two (2) exits, remote from each other, shall be provided for each floor of
the building. Department of Health November 2004 GUIDELINES IN THE PLANNING AND
DESIGN OF A HOSPITAL AND OTHER HEALTH FACILITIES 2 of 6
 Exits shall terminate directly at an open space to the outside of the building.
4. Security: A hospital and other health facilities shall ensure the security of person and
property within the facility.
5. Patient Movement: Spaces shall be wide enough for free movement of patients, whether
they are on beds, stretchers, or wheelchairs. Circulation routes for transferring patients
from one area to another shall be available and free at all times.
 Corridors for access by patient and equipment shall have a minimum width of 2.44
meters.
 Corridors in areas not commonly used for bed, stretcher and equipment transport may
be reduced in width to 1.83 meters.
 A ramp or elevator shall be provided for ancillary, clinical and nursing areas located on
the upper floor.
 A ramp shall be provided as access to the entrance of the hospital not on the same level
of the site.
6. Lighting: All areas in a hospital and other health facilities shall be provided with sufficient
illumination to promote comfort, healing and recovery of patients and to enable personnel
in the performance of work.
7. Ventilation: Adequate ventilation shall be provided to ensure comfort of patients, personnel

and public.
8. Auditory and Visual Privacy: A hospital and other health facilities shall observe acceptable
sound level and adequate visual seclusion to achieve the acoustical and privacy
requirements in designated areas allowing the unhampered conduct of activities.
9. Water Supply: A hospital and other health facilities shall use an approved public water
supply system whenever available. The water supply shall be potable, safe for drinking and
adequate, and shall be brought into the building free of cross connections.
10. Waste Disposal: Liquid waste shall be discharged into an approved public sewerage system
whenever available, and solid waste shall be collected, treated and disposed of in
accordance with applicable codes, laws or ordinances.
11. Sanitation: Utilities for the maintenance of sanitary system, including approved water supply
and sewerage system, shall be provided through the buildings and premises to ensure a
clean and healthy environment.
12. Housekeeping: A hospital and other health facilities shall provide and maintain a healthy and
aesthetic environment for patients, personnel and public.
13. Maintenance: There shall be an effective building maintenance program in place. The
buildings and equipment shall be kept in a state of good repair. Proper maintenance shall be
provided to prevent untimely breakdown of buildings and equipment.
14. Material Specification: Floors, walls and ceilings shall be of sturdy materials that shall allow
durability, ease of cleaning and fire resistance.
15. Segregation: Wards shall observe segregation of sexes. Separate toilet shall be maintained
for patients and personnel, male and female, with a ratio of one (1) toilet for every eight (8)
patients or personnel.
16. Fire Protection: There shall be measures for detecting fire such as fire alarms in walls,
peepholes in doors or smoke detectors in ceilings. There shall be devices for quenching fire
such as fire extinguishers or fire hoses that are easily visible and accessible in strategic areas.
17. Signage. There shall be an effective graphic system composed of a number of individual
visual aids and devices arranged to provide information, orientation, direction,
identification, prohibition, warning and official notice considered essential to the optimum
operation of a hospital and other health facilities.
18. Parking. A hospital and other health facilities shall provide a minimum of one (1) parking
space for every twenty-five (25) beds.
19. Zoning: The different areas of a hospital shall be grouped according to zones as follows:
 Outer Zone – areas that are immediately accessible to the public: emergency service,
outpatient service, and administrative service. They shall be located near the entrance
of the hospital.
 Second Zone – areas that receive workload from the outer zone: laboratory, pharmacy,
and radiology. They shall be located near the outer zone.
 Inner Zone – areas that provide nursing care and management of patients: nursing
service. They shall be located in private areas but accessible to guests.
 Deep Zone – areas that require asepsis to perform the prescribed services: surgical
service, delivery service, nursery, and intensive care. They shall be segregated from the
public areas but accessible to the outer, second and inner zones.
 Service Zone – areas that provide support to hospital activities: dietary service,
housekeeping service, maintenance and motorpool service, and mortuary. They shall be
located in areas away from normal traffic.
20. Function: The different areas of a hospital shall be functionally related with each other.
 The emergency service shall be located in the ground floor to ensure immediate access.
A separate entrance to the emergency room shall be provided.
 The administrative service, particularly admitting office and business office, shall be
located near the main entrance of the hospital. Offices for hospital management can be
located in private areas.
 The surgical service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
operating room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis.
The dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to
surgical garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of
patient movement.
 The delivery service shall be located and arranged to prevent non-related traffic. The
delivery room shall be as remote as practicable from the entrance to provide asepsis.
The dressing room shall be located to avoid exposure to dirty areas after changing to
surgical garments. The nurse station shall be located to permit visual observation of
patient movement. The nursery shall be separate but immediately accessible from the
delivery room.
 The nursing service shall be segregated from public areas. The nurse station shall be
located to permit visual observation of patients. Nurse stations shall be provided in all
inpatient units of the hospital with a ratio of at least one (1) nurse station for every
thirty-five (35) beds. Rooms and wards shall be of sufficient size to allow for work flow
and patient movement. Toilets shall be immediately accessible from rooms and wards.
 The dietary service shall be away from morgue with at least 25-meter distance.
21. Space: Adequate area shall be provided for the people, activity, furniture, equipment and
utility.
VI. BP 344: Accessibility Law Design Reference
A. ROPOSED PRIVATE MEDICAL CLINIC BUILDING

A. Accessible Ramps
2. Changes in level shall require a
ramp except when served by a
dropped sidewalk, curb ramp,
an elevator, or other
mechanical device. Accessible
ramps shall have the following
facilities and features:
- Minimum clear width of
1.20 m.
- Gradient not steeper than
1:12.
- For accessible ramps 3m or more
in width, provide intermediate
handrails at the center. Use of
double “J” type handrail supports
are recommended.
- Maximum length of 6.00 m.:
Accessible ramps with a total
length longer than 6.00 m shall be
provided with intermediate
landings with a minimum length of
1.50 m.
- Level area not less than 1.80 m at the top and bottom of any ramp.
- Handrails on both sides of the ramp at 700 mm and 900 mm from the
floor of the ramp. (See Fig. A.4.1; A.4.2)
- 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and
bottom of ramps.
- 300 mm long extension of the handrail shall be provided at the top and
bottom of ramps.
B. Parking
1. Accessible Parking Slot Requirement
a. Where parking spaces are required to be provided, the number of
accessible parking lots for vehicles driven by persons with disabilities or
vehicles with passengers with disabilities shall be in accordance with
Table B.
2. PROJECT APPLICATION
*Estimated parking slot= 4-6 slots
- Required number of PWD = 1 slot (as per table Accessible Parking
Slot Requirements)
C. Outside and Around Buildings

1. Dropped Sidewalks
a. Dropped sidewalks should be provided at pedestrian crossings and at the
end of walkways of a private street or access road.
b. Dropped sidewalks at crossings shall have a width corresponding to the
width of the crossing.
c. For crossings and walkways less than 1.50 m. in width, the base/level
surface at the bottom of the ramp shall have a minimum depth of 1.50 m.
with a width corresponding to the width of the crossing. (4.00 M
minimum for national roads and as mandated by Local ordinances for
local roads).
VII. Reference to Space Requirements and Layout Basis: Time Savers
Today's architects strive to create spaces with more than four walls and a ceiling.
Because it is in our propensity to explore our senses, one of the architect's responsibilities is to
always seek new ways to thrill the built environment, both on the outside and the inside.
Interior designers and architects rely on space planning, which is a multi-step process. Space
planning ensures that floor space is utilized effectively and not squandered. If done effectively,
DRAWING REQUIREMENTS:
 ORTHOPEDIC FACILITIES
 PEDIATRICS FACILITIES
 INTERNAL MEDICINE FACILITIES
 EENT CENTER FACILITES
 OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH FACILITIES
 X-RAY/LABORATORY FACILITIES
 UTILITIES AND STAFF FACILITIES
 RECEPTION/LOBBY/WAITING AREA
 EMERGENCY/ICU UNIT FACILITIES
 Inpatient Room
 Xray/Laboratory Facilities
 Occupational Health Facilities

 Pharmacy
 Laboratory
 Reception
 Medical Offices

Bechayda Tristan Jerald RSW Midterm

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BECHAYDA, TRISTAN JERALD B.

DESIGN 4 – SPACE PLANNING

Republic of the Philippines

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE & TECHNOLOGY

IV. Design Considerations

It is critical to consider patient privacy while developing a medical facility. The

 Insulation for flat roofs

 Ceiling tiles in white

V. PD 1096: NATIONAL BUILDING CODE (NBC) DESIGN REFERENCE

A. SECTION 701. Occupancy Classified

Division D-2 -Institutional, buildings for health care

1. Hospitals, sanitaria, and homes for the aged

B. SECTION 803. Percentage of Site Occupancy

Building Area Calculation= Lot Area - (Lot Area x 5% open space)

Estimated Allowable Building Area = 733.932 sqm

7. Ventilation: Adequate ventilation shall be provided to ensure comfort of patients, personnel

VI. BP 344: Accessibility Law Design Reference

A. ROPOSED PRIVATE MEDICAL CLINIC BUILDING

C. Outside and Around Buildings

VII. Reference to Space Requirements and Layout Basis: Time Savers

 Occupational Health Facilities

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