SỞ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO KỲ THI

SINH GIỎI QUỐC GIA THPT NĂM 2022

ĐỀ THI SỐ 1 Môn thi: Tiếng Anh

(Đề thi gồm 14 trang) Thời gian: 180 phút (không kể giao đề)
Ngày thi : 20/10/2022

Điểm của bài thi Họ, tên và chữ kí của cán bộ chấm thi Số phách
Bằng số: Giám khảo 1:

Bằng chữ: Giám khảo 2:

(Thí sinh làm bài trực tiếp vào đề thi này)

I. LISTENING (5 points)
 There is a piece of music at the beginning and at the end of the listening part
 There are four parts, each will be played twice
 Before each part, students have between 20 and 60 seconds to look at the questions

Part 1: You will hear a diver called Coleen Mason talking about visiting a coral reef in a small
submarine. Listen and complete the notes below. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each
answer.
1. Coleen says that north-east Atlantic coral is similar in shape to a __________________.
2. Coleen mentions seeing a species of yellow __________________ as well as coral on her trip.
3. Coleen found it difficult to know exactly where the submarine would touch down because of the
__________________.
4. Coleen explains that water depth can be estimated naturally based on the __________________.
5. Coleen says the only sound in the ocean during her dive was that made by the __________________.
Your answers:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Part 2: Listen to a piece of news about a cloud kitchen, Kitopi and decide whether the following
statements are True (T), False (F), or Not Given (NG) according to what you hear. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
6. Kitopi has every intention of expanding its business on account of the soaring demands for food
delivery.
7. Kitopi attempts to create ample space for up to 70 brands with a view to speeding up preparation.
8. Bar code and conveyor are used to solve the problem of missing items.
9. Kitopi plans to achieve total automation for at least 40 percent of its products in the near future.
10. Many customers cancel their orders when drivers fail to deliver food within thirty minutes.
Your answers:
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
Part 3: You will hear a radio interview with two writers called Caroline Stevenson and Simon Webb
talking about writing crime fiction. Choose the answer (A, B, C or D) which fits best according to
what you hear.

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11. According to Simon, what do his books offer the readers?
A. a social issue to think about
B. a complicated mystery to solve
C. a shock which will thrill them
D. a record of contemporary society
12. Simon deals with the brutality of crime in his novels by ______
A. concentrating on the psychological aspects of the crime.
B. describing the research which produces the evidence.
C. writing mainly about what happens after the crime.
D. referring to it in a light, almost humorous way.
13. How does Caroline account for the personality of her main character?
A. It has evolved from her observations of real life.
B. It reflects the dark side of the criminal world.
C. It offers an alternative to the usual serious detective.
D. It allows Caroline to analyse a secretive lifestyle.
14. How do Caroline and Simon both feel about receiving a writer’s award?
A. proud to have been selected by other writers
B. valued for having made a contribution to people’s lives
C. dismissive of the real significance of the prize
D. embarrassed about being pushed into the limelight
15. How does Caroline feel about writing a novel with a new main character?
A. She is unwilling to talk about her plans.
B. She is seriously tempted to do so.
C. She recognises the commercial value of her current work.
D. She would feel lost if she abandoned her chief inspector.
Your answers:
11. 12. 13. 14. 15.
Part 4: Listen to a piece of news about the life of Queen Elizabeth II and fill in the missing
information. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS taken from the recording for each answer
in the spaces provided.
During the reign of Queen Elizabeth II, there has been unprecedented technological, social and
political change. When she took the throne, it had been debated whether or not to televise her (16)
___________________. Britain under her presidency saw the end of its once (17) ___________________
and the United Kingdom's (18) ___________________ from the European Union.
She was born in London on April 21st 1926. In 1936, after her uncle (19) ___________________,
her father unexpectedly became king, and she was made the (20) ___________________. In 1947, she
married and her son, Charles, was born in 1948. In 1952, her father died, Elizabeth became queen.
However, the (21) ___________________ in British society changed dramatically with cultural and
political upheaval in the second half of the 20th century. The image was also affected by the (22)
___________________ of the marriage of Prince Charles and Lady Diana, the Prince Andrew's
association with the (23) ___________________, Jeffrey Epstein.
The final years of her reign saw (24) ___________________ related to Scotland debated
independence and Brexit tensions. Without official say in government matters, the queen had (25)
___________________ with Britain's Prime Minister weekly.

II. LEXICO-GRAMMAR (2 points)

Part 1: Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to each of the following questions. Write your
answers in the corresponding numbered boxes provided.
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26. We saw ______ details of the disaster on television last night.
A. elaborate B. knotty C. graphic D. burning
27. She was furious and looked ______ at him.
A. daggers B. knives C. swords D. blades
28. Clare has always had a ______ on her shoulder about not going to university.
A. cut B. mark C. stain D. chip
29. Until business improves, the firms are only going to employ a ______ staff.
A. skeleton B. bare C. reduced D. limited
30. I know you’re nervous because you haven’t stopped ______ since you came in.
A. fidgeting B. dawdling C. pestering D. stretching
31. Some romantic novelists ______out books with the same old formula every year.
A. churn B. spill C. ladle D. pour
32. The baby ______ with delight when her father bounced her on his knees.
A. oozed B. gurgled C. dribbled D. wheezed
33. Come on. Spill the ______ ! What's the big secret?
A. peas B. beans C. milk D. dust
34. The claims the woman made had a ______ of truth about them.
A. ring B. mark C. shade D. circle
35. Please don't ______ fun at me all the time!
A. push B. poke C. pitch D. prod
Your answers:
26. 27. 28. 29. 30.
31. 32. 33. 34. 35.
Part 2: Fill each gap provided with ONE preposition or particle.
36. When I get home from work, I always slip ______ something a bit more comfortable.
37. It would be nice if I passed my exams but I don't hold ______ much hope.
38. As the weather was bad, the tourists whiled ______ the time strolling round the local shops.
39. I'm pleased to say that the baby is bouncing ______ health!
40. The stunt man shrugged ______ his injury and finished the scene.
Your answers:
36. 37. 38. 39. 40.
Part 3: Write the correct form of each bracketed word in the space provided.
Contrary to popular mythology, doctors are not (41) ______________ (FALLACY) superheroes.
We get depressed, too. In fact, we are more likely to become depressed than most people. We experience
the stresses and strains in our personal lives – illness, death and (42) ______________ (BEREAVE),
failing relationships, (though not usually poverty or unemployment) – which are known to (43)
______________ (GENDER) periods of depression. At the same time, medical practice constantly brings
us face-to-face with pain and suffering. It is through experience that we learn to come to terms with the
(44) ______________ (LIMIT) of what we can achieve. However, it is often a (45) ______________
(TRAUMA) process.
Your answers:
41. 42. 43. 44. 45.
III. READING (5 points)
Part 1: Read the text and use only ONE word to fill each space.
The Science of Cooking
By Peter Barham
You do not have to be a chemist to cook a meal, any more than you need an engineering
qualification to drive a car, but a (46) __________ technical knowledge can help when things (47)
__________ awry. That is the reasoning (48) __________ this volume which combines the scientific
principles of cooking with a down-to-earth guide to kitchen utensils, some experiments to try at home and
a random collection of recipes.

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 As well as learning technical details, (49) __________ why potatoes become translucent when they
are boiled, you get a sprinkling (50) __________ really useful tips. For instance, the best way to work (51)
__________ how long to roast meat is to measure it, not weigh it. But (52) __________ said the recipes
themselves are uninspiring and you might be wiser not to let children try the riskier experiments on their
own, one involves placing a light bulb in the microwave, another boiling water in a balloon (53)
__________ a naked flame!
Gastronomy is an art. If it were merely a science, this book would contain most of what you need
to know to rustle (54) __________ a palatable meal. In the final analysis, the message seems simple: (55)
__________ a scientist ask you to dinner, find out who’s cooking!
Your answers:
46. 47. 48. 49. 50.
51. 52. 53. 54. 55.
Part 2: Read the following passage and choose the correct answer.
Green Iceberg
Icebergs are massive blocks of ice, irregular in shape; they float with only about 12 per cent of
their mass above the sea surface. They are formed by glaciers - large rivers of ice that begin inland in the
snows of Greenland, Antarctica, and Alaska - and move slowly toward the sea. The forward movement,
the melting at the base of the glacier where it meets the ocean, and waves and tidal action cause blocks of
ice to break off and float out to sea.
Icebergs are ordinarily blue to white, although they sometimes appear dark or opaque because they
carry gravel and bits of rock. They may change colour with changing light conditions and cloud cover,
glowing pink or gold in the morning or evening light, but this colour change is generally related to the low
angle of the Sun above the horizon. However, travellers to Antarctica have repeatedly reported seeing
green icebergs in the Weddell Sea and, more commonly, close to the Amery Ice Shelf in East Antarctica.
One explanation for green icebergs attributes their colour to an optical illusion when blue ice
is illuminated by a near-horizon red sun, but green icebergs stand out among white and blue
icebergs under a great variety of light conditions. Another suggestion is that the colour might be related
to ice with high levels of metallic compounds, including copper and iron. Recent expeditions have taken
ice samples from green icebergs and ice cores - vertical, cylindrical ice samples reaching down to great
depths - from the glacial ice shelves along the Antarctic continent. Analyses of these cores and samples
provide a different solution to the problem.
The ice shelf cores, with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet), were long enough to penetrate
through glacial ice - which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles - and to
continue into the clear, bubble-free ice formed from seawater that freezes onto the bottom of the glacial
ice. The properties of this clear sea ice were very similar to the ice from the green iceberg. The scientists
concluded that green icebergs form when a two-layer block of shelf ice breaks away and capsizes,
exposing the bubble-free shelf ice that was formed from seawater.
A green iceberg that stranded just west of the Amery Ice Shelf showed two distinct layers: bubbly
blue white ice and bubble-free green ice separated by a one meter-long ice layer containing sediments.
The green ice portion was textured by seawater erosion. Where cracks were present, the colour was
light green because of light scattering; where no cracks were present, the colour was dark green. No air
bubbles were present in the green ice, suggesting that the ice was not formed from the compression of
snow but instead from the freezing of seawater. Large concentrations of single-celled organisms with
green pigments (colouring substances) occur along the edges of the ice shelves in this region, and the
seawater is rich in their decomposing organic material. The green iceberg did not contain large amounts of
particles from these organisms, but the ice had accumulated dissolved organic matter from the seawater. It
appears that unlike salt, dissolved organic substances are not excluded from the ice in the freezing process.
Analysis shows that the dissolved organic material absorbs enough blue wavelengths from solar light to
make the ice appear green.
Chemical evidence shows that platelets (minute flat portions) of ice form in the water and then
accrete and stick to the bottom of the ice shelf to form a slush (partially melted snow). The slush is
compacted by an unknown mechanism, and solid, bubble-free ice is formed from water high in soluble
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organic substances. When an iceberg separates from the ice shelf and capsizes, the green ice is exposed.
The Amery Ice Shelf appears to be uniquely suited to the production of green icebergs. Once detached
from the ice shelf, these bergs drift in the currents and wind systems surrounding Antarctica and can be
found scattered among Antarctica’s less colourful icebergs.

56. According to paragraph 1, all of the following are true of icebergs EXCEPT ______
A. They do not have a regular shape.
B. They are formed where glaciers meet the ocean.
C. Most of their mass is above the sea surface.
D. Waves and tides cause them to break off glaciers.
57. According to paragraph 2, what causes icebergs to sometimes appear dark or opaque?
A. A heavy cloud cover
B. The presence of gravel or bits of rock
C. The low angle of the sun above the horizon
D. The presence of large cracks in their surface
58. Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the bolded sentence in
paragraph 3?
A. One explanation notes that green icebergs stand out among other icebergs under a great variety of light
conditions, but this is attributed to an optical illusion.
B. One explanation for the colour of green icebergs attributes their colour to an optical illusion that occurs
when the light from a near-horizon red sun shines on a blue iceberg.
C. One explanation for green icebergs attributes their colour to a great variety of light conditions, but
green icebergs stand out best among other icebergs when illuminated by a near-horizon red sun.
D. One explanation attributes the colour of green icebergs to an optical illusion under special light
conditions, but green icebergs appear distinct from other icebergs under a great variety of light conditions.
59. According to paragraph 4, how is glacial ice formed?
A. By the compaction of snow
B. By the freezing of seawater on the bottom of ice shelves
C. By breaking away from the ice shelf
D. By the capsizing of a two-layer block of shelf ice
60. Ice shelf cores helped scientists explain the formation of green icebergs by showing that ______
A. the ice at the bottom of green icebergs is bubble-free ice formed from frozen seawater.
B. bubble-free ice is found at the top of the ice shelf.
C. glacial ice is lighter and floats better than sea ice.
D. the clear sea ice at the bottom of the ice shelf is similar to ice from a green iceberg.
61. The author mentions “The green ice portion was textured by seawater erosion” to ______
A. explain why cracks in the iceberg appeared light green instead of dark green.
B. suggest that green ice is more easily eroded by seawater than white ice is.
C. support the idea that the green ice had been the bottom layer before capsizing.
D. explain how the air bubbles had been removed from the green ice.
62. Which of the following is NOT explained in the passage?
A. Why blocks of ice break off where glaciers meet the ocean.
B. Why blocks of shelf ice sometimes capsize after breaking off.
C. Why green icebergs are commonly produced in some parts of Antarctica.
D. Why green icebergs contain large amounts of dissolved organic pigments.
63. Which of the following statements about the Amery Ice Shelf does the passage support?
A. The Amery Ice Shelf produces only green icebergs.
B. The Amery Ice Shelf produces green icebergs because its ice contains high levels of metallic
compounds such as copper and iron.
C. The Amery Ice Shelf produces green icebergs because the seawater is rich in a particular kind of
soluble organic material.
D. No green icebergs are found far from the Amery Ice Shelf.
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64. The word capsizes is closest in meaning to ______.
A. overturns B. melts C. drifts D. floats
65. Several logical suggestions have been offered to explain why some icebergs appear green EXCEPT
______
A. Ice cores were used to determine that green icebergs were formed from the compaction of metallic
compounds, including copper and iron.
B. Green icebergs form when a two-layer block of ice breaks away from a glacier and capsizes, exposing
the bottom sea ice to view.
C. Ice cores and samples revealed that both ice shelves and green icebergs contain a layer of bubbly glacial
ice and a layer of bubble-free sea ice.
D. In a green iceberg, the sea ice contains large concentrations of organic matter from the seawater.
Your answers
56. 57. 58. 59. 60. 61. 62. 63. 64. 65.
Part 3: Read the following passage and do the tasks that follow.
What does the future hold?
The prospects for humanity and for the world as a whole are somewhere between glorious and dire.
It is hard to be much more precise.
By ‘glorious’, I mean that our descendants – all who are born on to this Earth – could live very
comfortably and securely, and could continue to do so for as long as the Earth can support life, which
should be for a very long time indeed. We should at least be thinking in terms of the next million years.
Furthermore, our descendants could continue to enjoy the company of other species – establishing a much
better relationship with them than we have now. Other animals need not live in constant fear of us. Many
of those fellow species now seem bound to become extinct, but a significant proportion could and should
continue to live alongside us. Such a future may seem ideal, and so it is. Yet I do not believe it is fanciful.
There is nothing in the physical fabric of the Earth or in our own biology to suggest that this is not
possible.
“Dire” means that we human beings could be in deep trouble within the next few centuries, living
but also dying in large numbers in political terror and from starvation, while huge numbers of our fellow
creatures would simply disappear, leaving only the ones that we find convenient – chickens, cattle – or that
we can’t shake off, like flies and mice. I’m taking it to be self-evident that glory is preferable.
Our future is not entirely in our own hands because the Earth has its own rules, is part of the solar
system and is neither stable nor innately safe. Other planets in the solar system are quite beyond
habitation, because their temperature is far too high or too low to be endured, and ours, too, in principle
could do the trick. The core of the Earth is hot, which in many ways is good for living creatures, but every
now and again, the molten rock bursts through volcanoes on the surface. Among the biggest volcanic
eruptions in recent memory was Mount St Helens, in the USA, which threw out a cubic kilometer of ash –
fortunately in an area where very few people live. In 1815, Tambora (in present-day Indonesia) expelled
so much ash into the upper atmosphere that climatic effects seriously harmed food production around the
world for season after season. Entire civilisations have been destroyed by volcanoes.
Yet nothing we have so far experienced shows what volcanoes can really do. Yellowstone National
Park in the USA occupies the caldera (the crater formed when a volcano collapses) of an exceedingly
ancient volcano of extraordinary magnitude. Modern surveys show that its centre is now rising. Sometime
in the next 200 million years, Yellowstone could erupt again, and when it does, the whole world will be
transformed. Yellowstone could erupt tomorrow. But there’s a very good chance that it give us million
years, and that surely is enough to be going on with. It seems sensible to assume that this will be the case.
The universe at large is dangerous, too. In particular, we share the sky with vast numbers of
asteroids, and every now and again, they come into our planet’s atmosphere. An asteroid the size of a
small island, hitting the earth at 15,000 kilometers an hour (a relatively modest speed by the standards of
heavenly bodies), would strike the ocean bed like a rock in a puddle, send a tidal wave around the world as
high as a small mountain and as fast as a jumbo jet, and propel us into an ice age that could last for
centuries. There are plans to head off such disasters (including rockets to push approaching asteroids into
new trajectories), but in truth it’s down to luck. On the other hand, the archaeological and the fossil

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evidence shows that no truly devastating asteroid has struck since the one that seems to have accounted for
the extinction of the dinosaurs 65 million years ago. So again, there seems no immediate reason for
despair. The earth is indeed an uncertain place, in an uncertain universe, but with average luck, it should
do us well enough. If the world does become inhospitable in the next few thousand or million years, then it
will probably be our own fault. In short, despite the underlying uncertainty, our own future and that of our
fellow creatures is very much in our own hands.
Given average luck on the geological and the cosmic scale, the difference between glory and
disaster will be made, and is being made, by politics. Certain kinds of political systems and strategies
would predispose us to long-term survival (and indeed to comfort and security and the pleasure of being
alive), while others would take us more and more frenetically towards collapse. The broad point is,
though, that we need to look at ourselves – humanity – and at the world in general in a quite new light.
Our material problems are fundamentally those of biology. We need to think, and we need our politicians
to think, biologically. Do that, and take the ideas seriously, and we are in with a chance. Ignore biology
and we and our fellow creatures haven’t got a hope.
Questions 66-71
Do the following statements reflect the claims of the writer in the reading passage?
YES if the statement reflects the claims of the writer
NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer
NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this
66. It seems inevitable that some species will disappear.
67. The nature of the Earth and human biology make it impossible for human beings to survive another
million years.
68. An eruption by Yellowstone is likely to be more destructive than previous volcanic eruptions.
69. There is a greater chance of the Earth being hit by small asteroids than by large ones.
70. If the world becomes uninhabitable, it is likely to be as a result of a natural disaster.
71. Politicians currently in power seem unlikely to change their way of thinking.
Questions 72-78
Complete the summary below. Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each answer.
The Earth could become uninhabitable, like other planets, through a major change in the (72)
___________________. Volcanic eruptions of the (73) __________________ can lead to shortages of
(74) __________________ in a wide area. An asteroid hitting the Earth could create a (75)
______________________ that would result in a new (76) __________________. Plans are being made to
use (77) __________________ to deflect asteroids heading for the Earth.
Question 78
Choose the correct letter, A, B, C or D.
What is the writer’s purpose in the reading passage?
A. to propose a new theory about the causes of natural disasters
B. to prove that generally held beliefs about the future are mistaken
C. to present a range of options currently held by scientists
D. to argue the need for a general change in behavior
Your answers
66. 67. 68. 69. 70.
71. 72. 73. 74. 75.
76. 77. 78.
Part 4: You are going to read an extract from a magazine article. Seven paragraphs have been
removed from the extract. Choose from the paragraphs A-H the one which fits each gap (79-85).
There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use.
Slimming is the nation's favourite obsession. More than half of Britain is overweight; one in five of
us is 'obese'. We could soon be giving the Americans a waddle for their money.
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79. ______
And it's of little comfort that in Slimming Magazine, 'Slimmer of the Year' is a man - Larry Hood,
45, who shrank from one hundred and sixty-one to sixty-nine and a half kilos thanks to a calorie-controlled
diet (and working in a building with stairs). For your average bloke the words 'calorie' and 'controlled'
have all the allure of dental work. In a classroom in London's Regents College, on a Tuesday night, in the
company of seven men ranging from seventy-six to one hundred and forty kilos, I find myself
investigating an alternative. Lighten Up is a programme developed by ex-personal trainer and motivational
guru Pete Cohen, best known for his work with athletes. Lighten Up has been around for two years, but its
latest programme is the first to be aimed at men. It's come up with a gloriously macho acronym: MEN
(Motivation, Exercise and Nutrition). Men in the unisex classes felt, as our 'presenter' and Lighten Ups
cofounder Judith Verity says, 'there was too much estrogen flying around. We decided to see if there was
enough interest to do a men-only group.'
80. ______
The body-image pressure women have suffered for decades is now being foisted on men. The
problem is, all this sudden incitement to lose the lipids feels like being thrown into an exam without
having been taught the syllabus. When my flat mate decided to go on a diet, I came home to find him
preparing supper: eight Ryvita covered in butter and cheese (for any male readers scratching their heads,
that's like drinking alcohol-free lager with tequila chasers). And we're streets ahead of women when it
comes to self-deception. A recent study by the Calorie Control Council in the US found that while forty-
one per cent of women blamed weight loss failure on lack of self-discipline, only thirty per cent of men
did, preferring to blame external factors. We just lie.
81. ______
Professor Stephen Gray of Nottingham Trent University, who oversaw the survey, commented:
'Men are ten years behind women in terms of understanding the link between diet, lifestyle and body
shape.' Sadly, this ignorance is killing us. Men die six years earlier than women, and are far more prone to
all weight-affected illnesses. Lighten Ups philosophy is, when armed with all the correct information, even
the worst Pringle junkie will be able to re-programme his attitude to food. Week one starts in dramatic
fashion. In front of us are two desks.
82. ______
At seventy-eight kilos, I feel like a skinny interloper, and yet my reasons for being here are not
entirely journalistic. Like most men in their early thirties, 'I could do with losing a bit round the middle'. I
gave up smoking a year ago and went up a jeans size. Despite exercising four times a week and watching
what I eat, my gut has clung to those extra pounds. I know this because six months ago, I bought my first-
ever pair of scales.
83. ______
There's also some motivational 'visualisation'. You imagine walking through your front door and
into a thinner you, and mentally slip into this thin suit whenever the need arises.
84. ______
The two-hour sessions are fascinating, encouraging us to get to the root of why we over-eat. Food,
after all, is the most abused drug we have. I realise that for most of my life, my attitude to food has been
pretty dysfunctional, operating on a checks and balances system (Eat a packet of crisps, go for a run. Over-
eat one day, starve yourself the next). Men rarely admit to this.
85. ______
While it claims a sixty-eight per cent success rate, I'm not shopping for new jeans yet. But fellow
Lighten Up punter Graham, fifty-one, is making progress even though his lifelong battle with snack
addiction is not yet won. 'The programme is logical,' he says, 'But if they invent a 'fat pill' that works, I'll
be the first in the queue.'

A. So what happens during the lessons? Well, mainly we just listen and learn. We learn that the maximum
weight you should lose is one kilo per week, otherwise your body goes into famine mode and stores up fat
deposits. That we may have a set point at which our body weight hovers, and that it can take as long as six

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months to change it. And that successful dieters (ninety five per cent put the weight they lost back on) do
lots of light exercise - not 'going for the burn' on a treadmill, just walking or gardening.
B. A survey for Nimble bread found that although the national average waist size in men is ninety one
centimetres, nearly half of those men continue to wear a much smaller size. They just pull them down
below their gut.
C. There is no weigh in here. The Lighten Up programme is not a diet. The attitude is simple: diets don't
work, and the dieting industry is a scam relying on repeat business.
D. There should be enough interest, given the current cultural climate. Men, especially young men, are
under pressure to look fit and trim. Our role models, with the exception of Homer Simpson, have minimal
body fat. Even cricketers now whip off their shirts when they take a wicket.
E. David, in his late thirties and around one hundred and twenty-seven kilos, motivates himself by
visualising his thin self walking up to pay in a petrol station without people having to move out of the way.
F. For men, this is alarming news. However knowingly we stare at the grids on the side of supermarket
packets, most of us are still woefully ignorant about food. Karl Lagerfield may have lost more than twenty
five kilos in six months on a miracle diet but he, you know, works in fashion and has easier access to
extract of cactus than most.
G. But I'm not alone. Lighten Up's new programme is definitely a step in the right direction, but the big
question is, does it work?
H. One is filled with crisps, cakes, coke. The other boasts rice cakes, lentils, vegetables, fruit. A nutritional
dialectic, if you like. We're told we can help ourselves from either table. No one does.
Your answers:
79. 80. 81. 82. 83. 84. 85.
Part 5: You are going to read an extract from a magazine which has been divided into eight
sections. For questions 86-95, choose from the sections (A-H). The sections may be chosen more
than once. In which section of the article are the following mentioned?

In which section of the article are the following mentioned? Your

answers
86. evidence that an increasing number of people wish to learn traditional dance 86.
87. the influence of another art form on the growing interest in traditional dance 87.
88. a negative reaction to a particular form of traditional dance 88.
89. the belief that modern dancing reduces communication between people 89.
90. dance allowing interaction between people who would otherwise be unlikely to meet 90.
91. a reference to certain young people's contempt for traditional forms of dance 91.
92. reasons why people who usually dislike dancing sometimes do it anyway 92.
93. examples of ways in which dancing can offer psychological advantages 93.
94. the fact that the British have never been acclaimed as good dancers 94.
95. a particular individual being responsible for traditional dancing's decreasing popularity 95.
Let’s dance
We do it when we feel good and we feel good when we do it
A. Who really doesn't like dancing? Can even the most bad-tempered dance-floor-avoider last an entire
lifetime without a shameless display at a wedding, for a particularly good goal, or refrain from a secret
shuffle around the privacy of their living room? Dance can take many forms: whether it comes as an
impulsive release of energy and emotion, or within a skilful display of choreography after much
rehearsal; to dance is as fundamental to humans as breathing. The great dancer Martha Graham wasn't
overstating it when she said, 'Dance is the hidden language of the soul, of the body.' The first human art
form, dancing is an innate celebration of physical existence, something automatic to us, a language that
can be spoken by anyone and understood by everyone. Beyond speech, learnt behaviour, or even
conscious thought, we do it when we feel good, and we feel good when we do it.
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B. It's a little sad, then, for Britons, that as a nation, our reputation as dancers has historically earned us no
points and no recognition. Always ever so slightly embarrassed by fun, Britain has failed to give dancing
the status and support it deserves. But times, and dance-floors, are changing. More and more of us are
returning home from foreign adventures with glowing memories of cultures in which dance, including
traditional forms, are a vital part of life, and musical cross-pollination has accustomed our ears to exotic
dance rhythms from all over the world.

C. Cinema too has had an effect. Evita, The Tango Lesson and Strictly Ballroom all celebrated traditional
dance artistry, and we can expect the profile of the incredible Argentine style to skyrocket after several
new releases. Yet for many years, the modern pop music played in British night clubs was the only kind
the young generation would dance to, and formal ballroom dancing, and Latin styles were perceived as
embarrassingly old-fashioned and bizarre. These kinds of traditional dance were dismissed as something
to be practised by old people in shiny, spangly outfits.

D. Lyndon Wainwright, of the British Dance Council, lays the decline of traditional dancing squarely at
the fast feet of the actor John Travolta, who as disco dancer Tony Manero in Saturday Night Fever struck
an iconic, swaggering solitary figure up on stage. But now dancing in all its different styles has made a
revival. Behind its rebirth lies a confluence of factors: the global village, delight in the accessories - the
glittery hair and the extravagant costumes, and boredom with the loud unfriendliness of modern dance
clubs.

E. On an average week in London, the entertainment guide Time Out usually lists around 50 Latin dance
nights, many of them offering tuition. Meanwhile, traditional dance schools too have started to report
significant attendance rises. 'In just traditional ballroom and Latin styles, we know that 240,000 amateur
tests were taken last year,' Wainwright says, 'The schools tell me business is booming, with salsa and
Argentine tango especially on the rise.' For those unconvinced, he points to the following: 'An evening's
dancing is as good for you as a three-hour hike. It pumps blood up your legs, so it's good for your heart,
and it helps posture and breathing, too. And you don't get that kind of fun on an exercise bike.'

F. Dance is also good therapy too, busting stress, promoting relaxation and, with the mastery of a new
skill, brings self-confidence and a sense of achievement. There is nothing more notable about the Greek
philosopher Socrates than that he found time, when he was an old man, to learn music and dancing, and
thought it well spent, the French philosopher Michel de Montaigne once mused. Professor Cary Cooper,
of UMIST, says that dancing allows people to have physical contact in a safe, sanctioned environment,
that it literally puts people in touch. All humans need tactile contact. The touch of another person affirms
that we are real, that we are alive.

G. Whether you're in it purely for the social contact or the romance, there's no denying that traditional
dancing offers unparalleled opportunities to interact with a range of partners we would not normally
encounter, in a forum where your partner's skill, aptitude and passion for dancing count for far more than
their age, gender and class. 'We live extremely insecure, isolated lives’ Cooper says, 'More and more of
us in Britain leave our native communities, work long hours, sacrifice our relationships, neglect our social
lives. Today, clubbing, with its deafening music, solo dancing and heavy competitiveness, provides less
and less social contact, and becomes an avoidance activity. Now people are embracing the old forms
again. Traditional dancing allows people to reconnect with others.'

H. However, one step forward, another back; not all are ready to welcome recent developments. One
venue in Suffolk has banned line-dancing at its USA- style Country and Western nights, despite the fact
that it has been practised in the USA ever since European migrants introduced it in the 1800s. The DJ Vic
Stamp, 77, fumed ‘I'm not against line-dancing but I resent them gate-crashing and taking up all the dance
floor. There is nothing worse than dancing round the floor and bumping into people doing a line dance. It
stops your rhythm.’ Oh dear. Perhaps he should follow the advice offered by the Indian sage,
Krishnamurti: 'You must understand the whole of life, not just one little part of it. That is why you
must ... sing, and dance ... for all that is life.'
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 IV. WRITING (6 points)
Part 1: Read the following extract and use your own words to summarize it. Your summary should
be between 120 and 130 words long.
Most psychologists have said that children's behaviour is largely influenced by genes and parent's
upbringing. Freud, the psychologist placed parents at the centre of the child's universe.
Genes are responsible for 50% of our behaviour. This conclusion was the result of years of study
by behavioural scientists. People are nervous, friendly, unsociable and so on because of their genes.
Therefore, the other half of a person's character must be due to the home environment shaped by the
parents. ‘That was how I was raised!’ is a common response.
Yet researchers have not been able to find conclusive evidence of this parental influence. Nervous
parents do not always have nervous children, and confident parents do not necessarily have confident
children. In other words, it is not always true that children turn out according to the way they are raised.
There is a new theory that gives a different view of how a child's personality is shaped. It is shaped
more by the child's peers than his parents. Growing children try to distance themselves from the adults in
their home environment. They are more interested in keeping up with other children than copying their
parents. They want to be like others in their age group. They are influenced by their peers where food,
clothes, language and other aspects are concerned. A child who refuses to eat his spinach would often do
so if he sees another child accepting the spinach. Mothers who try to set an example by eating spinach
heartily often fail to persuade their children to eat the hated vegetable.
Sometimes, growing children are not accepted by their peers. They become miserable when this
happens. A survey showed that 9% of the adolescents questioned blamed their parents for their
unhappiness. More than 33% blamed their peers. If this observation is true, then parental influence is less
important than what it was thought to be.
Children learn a lot about growing up from their peers. What children pick up from other children
is as important if not more important than what they pick up at home. What is the evidence for this?
There are several examples of children being different from expectations. Surveys of children of
immigrants show that the majority of them do not speak with their parents' accents. Other surveys show
that children of deaf-mute parents learn how to speak as well as children whose parents speak to them
from the day they were born. Adopted children develop few traits similar to their adoptive parents and in
different directions from their natural born siblings in spite of being raised in the same way.
Other observations stress on how children behave differently when they are at home from when
they are in school. Negative behaviour at home does not mean negative behaviour at school. Children who
refuse to do the smallest chores at home could bring home school reports praising them for being helpful
in school. The ones who are timid at home are quite capable of being in control or even aggressive among
friends.
Children are not as delicate as many believe them to be. They are not easily damaged, by their
parents' mistakes. Furthermore, children can be cruel to one another. The world out there is tough for
children. But they find ways to adapt themselves to it.
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Part 2: Chart description.
The table below gives information about changes in modes of travel in England between 1985
and 2000. Summarize the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make
comparisons where relevant.
Average distance in miles travelled per person per year, by mode of travel

Modes of travel 1985 2000

Walking 255 237
Bicycle 51 41
Car 3199 4806
Local bus 429 274
Train 239 366
Taxi 13 42
Others 450 585
All modes 4740 6475

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Part 3: Virtual life on social media has become a parallel one with equal importance to the life in
reality. What causes the phenomenon and is this a positive change?
Write an essay of about 350 words to express your opinion and support your answer with relevant
examples from your own knowledge or experience.

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THE END

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