COMPUTER ICT 9 MODULE
networking.
NAME: ____________________ SECTION ___________
NETWORK
A network consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to
share resources (such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange files, or allow
electronic communications. The computers on a network may be linked through
cables, telephone lines, radio waves, satellites, or infrared light beams.
There are three basic types of networks which includes the following:
 Local Area Network (LAN)
 Wide Area Network (WAN)
Local Area Network
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is confined to a relatively
small area. It is generally limited to a geographic area such as a writing lab,
school, or building. Rarely are LAN computers more than a mile apart.
In a typical LAN configuration, one computer is designated as the file
server. It stores all of the software that controls the network, as well as the
software that can be shared by the computers attached to the network. Computers
connected to the file server are called workstations. The workstations can be less
powerful than the file server, and they may have additional software on their hard
drives. On most LANs, cables are used to connect the network interface cards in
each computer.
Wide Area Network
Wide Area Networks (WANs) connect larger geographic areas, such as
Florida, the United States, or the world. Dedicated transoceanic cabling or satellite
uplinks may be used to connect this type of network.
Networking Devices
Consist of, but are not limited to non-local printers, workstations, servers,
webcams, data loggers, instruments, dial-in devices, and, in general anything that
requires an Ethernet connection. These devices are supported on a best-effort
basis limited by the staffing and equipment level available.
Hub is a small, simple, inexpensive device that joins
multiple computers together. Many network hubs available today
support the Ethernet standard. Other types including USB hubs
also exist, but Ethernet is the type traditionally used in home
Ethernet switch is a device that gathers the signals
from devices that are connected to it, and then
regenerates a new copy of each signal.
Bridge is a device filters data traffic at a network
boundary. Bridges reduce the amount of traffic on a LAN
by dividing it into two segments.
Routers are small physical
devices that join multiple networks
together.
Network gateway is an internetworking system capable of
joining together two networks that use different base
protocols. A network gateway can be implemented
completely in software, completely in hardware, or as a
combination of both.
Modem is a contraction of the terms modulator and
demodulator. Modems perform a simple function: They
translate digital signals from a computer into analog
signals that can travel across conventional phone lines. The
modem modulates the signal at the sending end and
demodulates at the receiving end.
Network interface is a device that connects a client computer, server, printer or
other component to your network. Most often, a
network interface consists of a small electronic circuit
board that is inserted into a slot inside a computer or
printer. Alternatively, some computers, printers, or
other services include network interfaces as part of their main circuit boards
(motherboards).
 Network firewall protects a
4th Quarter Week 1
computer network from unauthorized
access. Network firewalls may be hardware NAME: ____________________ SECTION ___________
devices, software programs, or a
combination of the two. Network firewalls
guard an internal computer network
(home, school, business intranet) against
malicious access from the outside. Network
firewalls may also be configured to limit
access to the outside from internal users.

Direction: Identify what is being described in the following sentences and write
your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
1. It protects a computer network from unauthorized access.
2. Type of network that connect larger geographic areas, such as Florida, the
United States, or the world.
3. This is an internetworking system capable of joining together two networks that
use different base protocols.
4. It is consists of two or more computers that are linked in order to share
resources (such as printers and CD-ROMs), exchange files, or allow electronic
communications.
5. They translate digital signals from a computer into analog signals that can travel
across conventional phone lines.
6. It is a device that connects a client computer, server, printer or other component
to your network.
7. A device filters data traffic at a network boundary.
8. It is a device that gathers the signals from devices that are connected to it, and
then regenerates a new copy of each signal.
9. It is a small, simple, inexpensive device that joins multiple computers together.
10. Type of network that is confined to a relatively small area.

COMPUTER 9