ASSIGNMENT NO.

1 MIDTERM
TYPES OF BURN AND POSSIBLE CAUSES
TYPES OF BURN CAUSES EXAMPLES TREATMENT

DRY BURN * Flames *Contact with such as -1. Start cooling the injury as soon as possible. Flood the burn
domestic appliances or with plenty of cold water
* Contact with hot objects cigarettes -2. if possible, get someone to do this while you continue
Frictions *Rope Burns cooling the burn
-3. Do not over-cool the casualty because you may lower the
body temperature to a dangerous level, causing hypothermia
-4. do not touch or otherwise interfere with the burn
-5. When the burn is cooled, cover the injured area with
kitchen film to protect it from infection
-6. Reassure the casualty and treat him for shock

SCALD caused by dry heat
caused by something wet,
such as hot water or
steam.
Sunburn 1. immediately get the person away from the heat source
to stop the burning
2. cool the burn with cool or lukewarm running water for
20 minutes – don't use ice, iced water, or any creams
or greasy substances such as butter
3. remove any clothing or jewellery that's near the burnt
area of skin, including babies' nappies - but don't move
anything that's stuck to the skin

ELECTRICAL BURN Electrical currents
contact with job site or
household current
exposed in electrical parts
electrical burns 1. Put the burnt area under running water for at least 20
minutes
arc burns 2. then cover with a sterile gauze bandage, if available, or
a clean cloth. Do not use a blanket or towel, because
loose fibers can stick to the burns.
Remove the patient from the source of electricity (shut
off the power source)
3. Remove the patient's clothing, especially any metal
that is in contact with the body (jewelry or equipment).
4. Next, ACLS should be followed for patients without a
 ASSIGNMENT NO. 1 MIDTERM
pulse.
5. In a conscious patient, pain control and fluid

COLD INJURY (Give at least 2 causes in (Give 1 example in C.I) 1. (Rewarming of the skin. If the skin hasn't been
C.I) rewarmed already, your doctor will rewarm the area
Frostbite using a warm-water bath for 15 to 30 minutes. The skin
Extreme cold may result may turn soft. You may be encouraged to gently move
cold injury the affected area as it rewarms.
2. Oral pain medicine. Because the rewarming process
skin comes into direct can be painful, your doctor will likely give you a drug to
contact with something ease the pain.
very cold for a prolonged 3. Protecting the injury. Once the skin thaws, your doctor
period of time. may loosely wrap the area with sterile sheets, towels
or dressings to protect the skin. Or the doctor may
protect your fingers or toes as they thaw by gently
separating them from each other. And you may need
to elevate the affected area to reduce swelling.
4. Removal of damaged tissue (debridement). To heal
properly, frostbitten skin needs to be free of damaged,
dead or infected tissue. To better distinguish between
healthy and dead tissue, your doctor may wait 1 to 3
months before removing damaged tissue.

CHEMICAL BURN (Give 1 cause in C.B) (Give at least 2 examples 1. Flood area with cool water for at least 20 minutes or
in C.B) until help arrives.
if you come into contact 2. Make sure water doesn't flow onto another part of the
with a harsh substance person's body or onto you.
such as bleach 3. Don't use a strong stream of water, if possible.
4. As you flush the burn (not before), remove jewelry or
Chemicals such as strong articles of clothing with chemicals on them, unless
acids they're stuck to the person's body.

RADIATION BURN (Give at least 2 causes in (Give 1 example in R.B) (Give at least 3 Treatments in Radiation Burn)
 ASSIGNMENT NO. 1 MIDTERM
R.B) 1. Treat non-radiation related cuts, bruises or injuries
The most common cause Sunburn is a radiation with first aid. Keep cuts and abrasions covered when
of radiation burn is heavy burn washing to keep radioactive material out of the wound.
sun exposure. 2. Apply a moisturizer, lotion or gel.
radiation burn is caused
by X-rays