Science,

Technology and
Society

Prepared By Jimboy A. Abisado, LPT

 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Located on the southernmost tip of
ancient Mesopotamia.
• Sumerians are known for their high
degree of cooperation with one
another and their desire for great
things.
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Cuneiform
 Cuneiform
• Development of the First writing system
• It is a system that utilizes word pictures
and triangular symbols which are carved
on clay using wedge instruments and
then left to dry.
• Cuneiform allowed the Sumerians to
keep records of things with great
historical value or their everyday life.
Cuneiform
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Uruk City
 URUK CITY
• City of Uruk
• First true city in the world.
• There were no building stones in the location of this
city and lumber was limited, making the construction
a big challenge.
• The Sumerians were able to build the city using only
mud or clay from the river, which they mixed with
reeds, producing sun-baked bricks – a true
engineering feat.
• They used bricks for protection
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• The Great Ziggurat of Ur
 The Great Ziggurat of Ur
• Aka the mountain of God
• It was built in the same manner that they
constructed the City of Uruk
• The structure was constructed using sunbaked bricks
• It was served as the sacred place of their chief of
God, where only their priests were allowed to enter.
• As such, even until today, people still enjoy and
marvel at the preserved Great Ziggurat of Ur.
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Irrigation and Dikes
 Irrigation and Dikes
• Population increased, so did the demand for
food.
• The Sumerians were challenged to mass
produce food items but the elements in the
environment seemed uncooperative.
• It was difficult to get water from the rivers,
thus they could not maintain farmlands.
• Scarce water supply
 Irrigation and Dikes
• Problems with flooding
• The Sumerians created dikes and irrigation canals to
bring water to farmlands and at the same time
control the flooding of the rivers.
• One of the world’s most beneficial engineering
works.
• Through the dikes and canals, the Sumerians were
able to enjoy year-long farming and harvesting,
which increased their food production.
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Sailboats
 Sailboats
• Transportation
• At that time, the wheel was not yet invented
• The main mode of transportation was through
waterways such as rivers and seas.
• Boats were used to carry large quantities of
products and were able to cover large
distances.
 Sailboats
• Boats were not enough to accommodate more
people and products.
• Sailboats were essential in transportation and trading
as well as in foresting culture, information and
trading as well as in fostering culture, information,
and technology.
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Wheel
 Wheel
• The first wheels were not made for
transportation but for farm work and
food processes.
• The use of the wheel and axle, mass
production was made easier.
• Farmers were able to mill grains with less
effort in less time.
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• The Plow
 The Plow
• Farm technology
• Humans evolved from being food gatherers to farm
cultivators.
• Farmers needed a technology which would enable them
to dig the ground where seeds would be planted.
• It was invented to dig the earth in a faster pace.
• With this tool, farmers could cultivate larger parcels of
land faster, enabling them to mass produce food without
taking so much effort and time.
 SUMMERIAN CIVILIZATION
• Roads
• In order to facilitate faster and easier travel
• First road
• The flow of traffic became faster and more organized.
• They made the roads with the same technology they
used in making the sun-baked bricks that they laid on the
ground
• The invention of roads was very useful especially during
the rainy season when traveling in soft and muddy roads
proved to be too difficult.
 BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION
• Hanging Gardens of babylon
• It emerged near the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers
• The Babylonians were great builders, engineers and
architects.
• One of the Major contributions is The Hanging
Gardens of Babylon, one of the seven wonders of the
ancient world.
• Hanging Gardens of Babylon
• Today, people can only marvel at the beauty of the
famous Hanging Gardens of Babylon from stories of
historians and paintings that portray the place.
• Made up of layers upon layers of gardens that
contained several species of plants, trees, and vines.
• King Neduchadnezzaar II built the Gardens for his
wife, Queen Amytis
• However, no physical evidence has been found to prove
the existence of the Hanging Gardens of Babylon.
• Its exact location is also unknown.
• Many said it was just a product of the creative
imagination of the great King because it lacked
documentation or archaeological evidence.
• Destroyed by war, erosion, or an earthquake
• True or not, hearing the stories and description of the
place would be enough to inspire awe to anyone.
• Greenery decorated
SHORT QUIZ
 EGYPTIANS CIVILIZATION
• Paper or Papyrus
 EGYPTIANS CIVILIZATION
• Ink
 EGYPTIANS CIVILIZATION
• Hieroglyphics
 EGYPTIANS CIVILIZATION
• Cosmetics
 EGYPTIANS CIVILIZATION
• Wig
 EGYPTIANS CIVILIZATION
• Water clock/Clepsydra
 GREEK CIVILIZATIONS
• Alarm Clock
 GREEK CIVILIZATIONS
• Water Mill
 ROMAN CIVILIZATIONS
• Newspaper
 ROMAN CIVILIZATIONS
• Bound Books or Codex
 ROMAN CIVILIZATIONS
• Roman Architecture
 ROMAN CIVILIZATIONS
• Roman Numerals
 CHINESE CIVILIZATION
• Silk
 CHINESE CIVILIZATION
• Tea Production
 CHINESE CIVILIZATION
• Great wall of China
 CHINESE CIVILIZATION
• Gun powder
Thank You!!!