ANCIENT TIMES

TRANSPORTATION

• the human foot

• use animals
for transport such as
the donkeys and horses
COMMUNICATION

• Speech
• signal fires,banners,
cave art
• Proto alphabets and
pictographs
WEAPONS AND ARMORS

• spear, the bow and arrow

• hand-to-hand weapons
such
as swords, clubs, maces, 
• axe and knives
ENGINEERING

• aqueduct
• constructed to carry water
from a source to a
distribution point far away
• protection of human
attacks and natural
disaster
ARCHITECTURE

• signs of technological
advancement
• status symbol among
nations
SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION
 CUNEIFORM
• one of the earliest systems of
writing,
• wedge-shaped marks on clay
tablets
• reed stylus.
• The name cuneiform itself simply
means "wedge shaped".
 URUK CITY

• Uruk was the first

major city in Sumer 
• Largest
Sumerian settlements and
most important religious
centers in Mesopotamia
 GREAT ZIGGURAT OF UR

• sun baked bricks

• serve as the sacred
place of their chief god
 IRRIGATION AND DIKES

• to maintain farmlands
• control the flooding
 SAILBOAT

• mode of transportation
• trading
 WHEEL

• farmers were able to

mill grains
 THE PLOW

• farmers used to dig the

soil
 ROAD

• sun-baked bricks
• later poured bitumen
BABYLONIAN CIVILIZATION
 HANGING GARDEN OF BABYLON
• King Nebuchadnezzar II
built the gardens for his wife
Queen Amytis
• Exact location was unknown
because no physical evidence
has been found
EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION
 PAPER OR PAPYRUS

• lighter and thinner

• easy to carry and store
• less breakable
• plant
 INK

• used to record history,

culture, and codified
laws
 HIEROGLYPHICS

• writing using symbols

• for trade
• carved at the walls of
pyramids and other
structures in Egypt
 COSMETICS

• wearing make up was

protected from evil
• beauty was a sign of
holiness
 WIG

• for health and wellness

• protection from the
sun
 WATER CLOCK/CLEPSYDRA

• timekeeping device
GREEK CIVILIZATION
 ALARM CLOCK

• when to stop and start

• whistling noise
• Plato to signal the start
of his lecture
 WATER MILL

• milling of grains •

• production of rice,
cereals, flours
ROMAN CIVILIZATION
CHINESE CIVILIZATION
 GUNPOWDER

• charcoal,
sulfur,potassium nitrate
• black powder
• bullet (guns, cannons)
• fireworks
MEDIEVAL/MIDDLE
AGES
Age of exploration
WHAT HAPPEN DURING MIDDLE AGES?

• Wars – weapon, navigation, food , health

• latter part – trade and commerce (transportation)
• innovative minds came
 PRINTING PRESS

• JOHANN GUTENBERG
• using cast type
• extracted juice from fruits
• published books
 MICROSCOPE

• Zacharias Janssen –
compound microscope
• key in preventing and
curing various illnesses
 TELESCOPE

• Navigation
• Compass, oars, rudders
• sea travelling easier
and safer
 WAR WEAPONS
• offensive and
defensive tools
• cross bows, long
bows , iron body
armors –
 MODERN TIMES

• more goods be produced at faster rate

 PASTEURIZATION

• Louis Pasteur – French Biologist, microbiologist and

chemist
• process of heating dairy products to kill the harmful
bacteria that allow them to spoil faster.
 PETROLEUM REFINERY

• Samuel Kier
• invent kerosene (illuminating oil) by refining
petroleum
• petroleum is widely used in powering automobiles,
factories and power plants.
 TELEPHONE

• Alexander Graham
Bell
CALCULATOR
 PHILIPPINE
INVENTIONS
SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE

• Dominic N. Chung,
Lamberto Armada, Victor
Llave
• an amphibious tricycle
that can cross not only
flooded streets but also
rivers and lakes.
 SALT LAMP

• Aisa Mijeno
• Sustainable Alternative Lightning lamp
• an environment-friendly light source that runs on
saltwater
• 2 tbsp. of salt and a glass of tap water
 MEDICAL INCUBATOR
• Dr. Fe del Mundo
• Filipino pediatrician
• native laundry basket inside a bigger one, hot water bottles, hood
• immunization and treatment of jaundice, BRAT diet for curing
diarrhea (BRAT diet: bananas, rice (white), applesauce and toast.
 MOSQUITO OVICIDAL/LARVICIDAL
TRAP SYSTEM
• Aedes aegypti mosquito
• also known as OL
TRAP
• made of natural
ingredients
 EJEEPNEY

• primary mode of transportation

• electric jeepney
• environment friendly
 REFLECTION
1. Give 3 other major scientific and technological developments
in the world (or in the Phils) that created a large impact on your
daily life.
2. What historical antecedents gave rise to the inventions you
mentioned in the first question?
3. How did the developments in science and technology shape
human history?
 Activity #1: STANDING ON THE
SHOULDER OF THE GIANTS
1. Draw or print a picture of your chosen achievement. As a group, collect and paste
these inventions on a ¼ illustration board. Design the board with a theme appropriate
to the assigned time period.
2. Explain in your own words how each invention works. Also identify their use and
purpose. Paste the information at the back of the illustration board.
3. Present your project in class. Conclude your report by discussing how these
inventions impacted the people and the society during the time period when they were
made.