HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS IN THE

COURSE OF SCIENCE AND

TECHNOLOGY
 “Your beginnings will seem
humble, so prosperous will
your future be.”
JOB 8:7
 ANTECEDENTS
An antecedent is described
as a precursor to the
unfolding of something, or
life.
 HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS

Historical antecedents in science and technology are factors that paved

the way for the presence of advanced and sophisticated scientific and
technological innovations today.
01 ANCIENT TIMES
The rise of ancient
civilizations paved the way
for advances in science and
technology.
In the ancient times, people were concerned
with transportation and navigation,
communication and record-keeping, mass
production, safety and protection, as well as
hygiene, aesthetics, and architecture.
 TRANSPORTATION AND NAVIGATION
Transportation was important as people wanted to go to places
and explore new horizons. They travelled to find food, and to find
better places for their settlements. They even travelled in return
for items they needed to sell their surplus goods.

Navigation helped them on their journeys to

exotic and unknown areas of the world.
 COMMUNICATION AND RECORD KEEPING
Communication was essential in the endeavors to occupy new
places. They needed a way to communicate to facilitate trade
and prevent possible conflicts.

Record keeping was also important, as they

needed to remember the places they had been to
and record each other's trades they had made.
 SAFETY AND PROTECTION
War weapons have been important in exploring new places or in
forming new alliances with other tribes. There was chance of
confrontation at that moment, when people interacted with
different cultures and orientations. Conflicts were popular
particularly if cultures and orientations differed.
 HEALTH AND MEDICINE
Different diseases and illnesses, both natural and man made,
hindered a human being's full ability. Science and technology
played a significant role in the development of treatments for, if not
the prevention of.
 ENGINEERING AND ARCHITECTURE
Engineering combines their needs for better transportation, the
establishment of systems to defend against human attacks and
natural disasters, and the development of larger and stronger
infrastructures.

Architecture with elaborate design is a sign particular

civilization's technical development.
CUNEIFORM It is a device that makes use
SUMERIANS
of word representations and
triangular symbols carved on
clay using wedge
instruments and left to dry.
Cuneiform enabled the
Sumerians to keep records.
WHEEL The first wheels were not
SUMERIANS
designed for transport but
mass manufacturing with the
use of the wheel and axle.
Farmers managed to mill
grain in less time with less
effort.
PAPYRUS Papyrus was a plant in Egypt
EGYPTIANS
which grew abundantly
along the river Nile. They
were able to process the
plant to create thin sheets
that one could write stuff
down on.
HIEROGLYPHICS Hieroglyphics was a
EGYPTIANS language which tells the
modern world of the ancient
Egyptians' history and
culture. Their documents
were well-preserved as they
were carved at important
structures of Egyptians.
WATERMILLS The use of watermills made
GREEKS milling possible, mass
production of grains, cereals,
flours and the like. It only
requires access to rivers or
flowing water where a large
wheel mechanism could be
installed.
NEWSPAPER The first articles, known as
ROMANS gazettes, published people's
reports of the Roman Empire.
When paper was invented, it
became easier for the
Romans to "publish" matters
which required the Roman 's
attention.
CODEX
ROMANS The ancient Roman Empire
was able to produce the first
books or codex, with the
papyrus pages bound
together and covered with
animal skin.
 MEDIEVAL AGE 02
Medieval ages include steady
increase of new inventions,
emergence of scientific thinking
and method.
PRINTING PRESS
JOHANN GUTENBERG
The printing press was
invented to address the need
for publishing books that
would spread information to
many people at a faster rate.
 MICROSCOPE
ZACHARIAS JANSSEN To develop proper medicines
for illnesses, experts must
understand the sickness
through an investigation.
Thus, they needed a device
that could magnify things
that are invisible to the eye.
 TELESCOPE
GALILEO GALILEI
The telescope's invention, an
optical instrument that helps
to view distant objects, has
been of great benefit to
navigators.
WAR WEAPONS
MIDDLE AGES Since wars were widespread
during Middle Ages, great
development in the
weaponry technology also
occurred. All sides must
develop weaponries for both
offensive and defensive.
 MODERN TIMES
With the increase in
population, people
realized the importance of
increasing efficiency of 03
transportation,
communication and
production.
PASTEURIZATION
LOUIS PASTEUR
Pasteurization is the process
of heating dairy products to
kill harmful bacteria that
allow them to spoil faster.
The modern times demanded
better means of powering
homes and transportation.
The development of kerosene
established the petroleum
refinery industry and is
widely used in powering the
KEROSENE
modern transportation. SAMUEL M. KIER
 TELEPHONE
ALEXANDER GRAHAM The more people got
BELL connected by trade and
exploration, the more they
needed a way to easily
maintain these connections
and communicate with each
other in real time.
 The creation of modern
calculators paved way for
easier calculations and
resulted in the development
of more complex processing
machines such as the
computer. COMPUTER
MODERN TIMES
 PHILIPPINE
04 INVENTIONS
Most of these inventions
appealed to the unique
social and cultural context
of the archipelagic nation.
The jeepney is perhaps one of
the most recognizable
national symbols of the
Philippines. E-jeepneys are
designed to be environment-
friendly. E-JEEPNEY
PHILIPPINE INVENTIONS
 Flooding is a normal
occurrence during the rainy
season. The salamander have
been develop to make
navigation during flood SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS
easier. TRICYCLE.
VICTOR LLAVE
 Sustainable alternative
lighting (SALt) lamp is an
environmentally friendly
source of light that works
using saltwater and does not
SALT LAMP emit harmful gases.
AISA MIJENO
 Fe Del Mundo’s incubator
was particularly outstanding
as it addressed the Philippine
rural communities that had
no electricity to aid the
regulation of body
temperatures of new born MEDICAL INCUBATOR
babies. FE DEL MUNDO
 Filipino food technologist,
Maria Orosa, is credited for
the invention of banana
ketchup. Orosa invented the
banana ketchup at the
backdrop of World War II
BANANA KETCHUP when there was a shortage
MARIA OROSA of tomatoes.
 05
ASSIGNMENT
ASSIGNMENT # 1
Deadline: February 3, 2023 (11:59PM)
01 ASSIGNMENT # 1

1.) Identify a specific problem/issue/concern in the Holy

Cross College or in your field.
2.) Conceptualize an invention or innovation that can
address the specified problem/issue/concern in the Holy
Cross College or in your field.
3.) Draw/sketch a draft of the invention or innovation.
4.) Answer the guide questions.
5.) Submit your assignment as a file.
 ASSIGNMENT # 1 02

Guide Questions:
a.) What is your invention/innovation and what does it do?
b.) What specific problem/issue/concern will your
invention/innovation solve?
c.) How will your invention/innovation make the world a
better place to live in?
THANKS
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