SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY

and

SOCIETY
HISTORICAL ANTECEDENTS in the world: ANCIENT, MIDDLE
and MODER ages and in the PHILIPPINES

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What is Science Technology and
Society?

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Science, technology and society (STS)
is the study of how society, politics,
and culture affect scientific research
and technological innovation, and how
these, in turn, affect society, politics
and culture.

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Science, technology and studies

STS is a relatively recent discipline, originating in the 60’s and

70’s.
STS was the result of a
“sociological turn” in science studies.
STS makes the assumption that science and technology are
essentially intertwined and they are reach profoundly social and
profoundly political

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Science, technology and studies

The products of people imagination brought gradual

improvements to earlier works from different time periods.
The driving force behind this continuous progress is the desire to
raise the quality of life of the people.

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ANCIENT AGES
Ancient times

In ancient times, people were concerned with:

Transportation
Communication
Mass production
Health
Aesthetics
Architecture, etc.
These development in science and technology even impacted the
lives of people in the modern times and resulted from prior
antecedens
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Ancient times
 SUMERIAN CIVILIZATION

• Sumer was an ancient

civilization located on the
southern part of the
Mesopotamia region situated
between the Tigris and
Euphrates rivers.
• Sumerians were known for
their innovations in language,
architecture, governance, etc.

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CUNEIFORM SCRIPT
Ancient times

CUNEIFORM SCRIPT
 the earliest writing system in the world.
 It utilizes triangular symbols and picture words carved on clay
tablets with wedge-shaped stylus mainly used for recording
information related for business, trade, and literature.

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WHEELS
Ancient times

WHEELS
 Invented as a specialized tool for farm work and food processes
with the use of the wheel and axle.
 It was beneficial to farmers, as it made milling grains much
easier.
 The first wheels were not used for transportation.

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Ancient times
 EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION

 This early civilization is

located in Northeast Africa
along the Nile River which
serves as the geographic center
and route for transporting
people and goods in ancient
Egypt, which provided the
Egyptians perfect fertile land
for agriculture.

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HIEROGLYPHICS
Ancient times

HIEROGLYPHICS
 A system of writing developed by the Egyptians using symbols
representing objects or sounds
 First used exclusively as inscriptions in temple walls but later
on used on tombs, and papyrus sheets.

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COSMETICS
Ancient times

COSMETICS
 The Egyptians invented the use of cosmetics.
 They were used for aesthetic and health purposes.
 Notable cosmetics are the following:
 Kohl - a mixture of galena and malachite for eye makeup
which is believed to shield the eyes from the sun and gave
the illusion of having a larger eyes.
 red ochre - to add color to the cheeks and as a lip color; and
wigs primarily used as a protection from the harmful rays of
the sun.

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Ancient times
 ROMAN CIVILIZATION

 The largest empire in the

ancient times characterized
of its extensive political and
social structure in the west.
Some of its discoveries still
relevant today can be
credited from this empire.

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NEWSPAPER
Ancient times

NEWSPAPER
 The Romans contributed the first newspaper also known as
Acta Diurna meaning “Daily Events” which contained
announcements such as public notices, trial outcomes and legal
proceedings.
 These newspapers were engraved in a metal or stone tablets

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MEDIEVAL/MIDDLE
AGES
medieval times

The Medieval Age

marked with significant warfare throughout different parts of Europe.
Inventions from this period are related to:
 weaponry,
 navigation,
 health,
 astronomy,
 information
Trade and migration between countries have increased.

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PRINTING PRESS
Medieval times

PRINTING PRESS
 Johann Gutenberg, a German invented a printing press using
wooden machine with metal impression of letters which will then
be pressed into a piece of paper to transfer the text.
 This machine improved the rate of spreading information across
many people.

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TELESCOPE
medieval times

TELESCOPE
 The first telescope was made by Hans Lippershey which could
view distant images focus and clear by reducing the amount of
light entering the telescope.
 Other telescopes from the same period were not able to achieve
this feat.

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HOURGLASS
medieval times

HOURGLASS
 Hourglasses were the first dependable, reusable, and easily
constructed time-measurement devices.
 Contains two glass bulbs vertically connected with a narrow neck
to regulate the flow of sand from one bulb to another.
 They were mainly used while at the sea to tell time and are still in
use today.

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MICROSCOPE
Medieval times

MICROSCOPE
 With the further need of observation and investigation, Zacharias
Janssen made one of the earliest microscope to magnify
minuscule things which are invisible to the naked eye.
 This invention is incredibly helpful in developing medicines for
diseases and advancements in science.

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MODERN AGES
Modern times

The Modern Age

Spanning nineteenth century up to present
The booming of world population
Massive industrialization

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Modern times

The Scientific Developments

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nanoscience
Modern times
NANOSCIENCE
 the ability to see particles at the atomic and molecular level.
 The most influential discoveries in the scientific community.
 Ever since nanoscience was born there has been an influx of
scientific developments that have been translated into technology
directly affecting human life.
 Nanoscience and nanotechnology is a rapidly growing field in
the modern period of engineering, physics, and computing.

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 Modern times
NANOSCIENCE
 Some of the significant applications of nanoscience are being used in the
Biomedical and Biological Engineering fields including:
⨳ disease therapies,
⨳ vaccines, and even
⨳ personalized medicine
 The discovery of nanoscience has led the society to advances in the fields of
computing and engineering, which has the potential to change the gap of
accessible healthcare technology between socio-economic classes by
providing better healthcare to developing countries.

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Modern times

Technological Developments

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Modern times

Due to rapid growth of population, it demanded more goods to be

produced at a faster rate, efficient means of transportation to trade
and cover large distance, as well as easier means of communication
to establish connections between and among nations..

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Modern times

Technological Developments
in
Industries

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PASTEURIZATION
Modern times

PASTEURIZATION
 food processing method where a mild heat treatment is applied to
a food to kill harmful bacteria (pathogens) and extend shelf life.
 It is Louis Pasteur's invention.

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Modern times

The incidence of disease outbreaks associated with milk has fallen

dramatically since pasteurization of milk became widespread. Milk-
borne illnesses, from tuberculosis to salmonella, typhoid fever,
diphtheria, and many others, killed millions of people every year for
centuries. Today, the number of foodborne illnesses attributed to
dairy products has greatly reduced.

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PETROLEUM REFINERY
Modern times

PETROLEUM REFINERY
 An industrial process plant where petroleum is transformed and
refined into useful products such as gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt
base, fuel oils, heating oil, and kerosene.
 At present, petroleum is widely used in powering automobiles,
factories and powerplants, among others.

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Modern times

Technological Developments
in
Communication/Connection

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telephone
Modern times

TELEPHONE
 Developed by Alexander Graham Bell.
 This invention becomes a way to easily maintain connections and
communicate in real time.
 The government uses this kind of communication system that
allows them to administer their states well.

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camera
Modern times

CAMERA
 Became a great tool for scientific research, documented newly
discovered species, a tool of document evidence of scientific field
trips, was able to capture the people of remote tribes.
 Cameras later then led to the innovation of brain scanning and
assessing human anatomy..

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MOBILEPHONE
Modern times

MOBILE PHONE
 has impacted almost all walk of human life. Smartphone are
obvious include business, education, health and social life.
 Mobile technology has drastically changed the cultural norms
and behavior of individuals which has both positive and negative
impact in the life of individuals

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Automated teller machine
Modern times

AUTOMATED TELLER MACHINE (ATM)

 shrunk the size of the world. If you are traveling, on vacation, a
business trip, or visiting relatives the ATM has provided the
means to transcend boundaries when it comes to banking.
 You can even use your credit card and get cash advances from a
number of ATMS if you are willing to pay the fee

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Modern times

Other Notable Inventions in Modern Age

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BICYCLE
Modern times

BICYCLE
 German Inventor Karl von Drais is credited with developing the
first bicycle.
 His machine, known as the "swiftwalker," hit the road in 1817.
 This early bicycle had no pedals, and its frame was a wooden
beam.

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STEAM ENGINE
Modern times

STEAM ENGINE (1698 THOMAS SAVERY)

 an engine that uses the expansion or rapid condensation of steam
to generate power.

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PIANO
Modern times

PIANO
 The first true piano was invented almost entirely by one man—
Bartolomeo Cristofori (1655–1731) of Padua, who had been
appointed in 1688 to the Florentine court of Grand Prince
Ferdinando de' Medici to care for its harpsichords and eventually
for its entire collection of musical instruments.

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CALCULATOR
Modern times

CALCULATOR
 invented by Blaise Pascal.
 The first calculator or adding machine to be produced in any
quantity and actually used was the Pascaline, or Arithmetic
Machine.
 Designed and built by the French mathematician-philosopher
Blaise Pascal between 1642 and 1644.

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PHILIPPINES INVENTIONS
SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE
Philippine inventions

SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE

 an amphibious tricycle that can cross not only flooded streets but
also rivers and lakes.
 May also be utilized to travel from island to island.
 This technology was invented by H2O Technologies headed by
Dominic N. Chung and Lamberto Armada, together with Chief
Designer Victor "Atoy" Llave.

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SALT LAMP
Philippine inventions

SALT LAMP
 is a lightning system that utilizes a material abundant in the
Philippines--saltwater.
 It is a Sustainable Alternative Lightning (SALt) Lamp, an
environment-friendly light source that runs on saltwater
 Invented by young Filipina named Aisa Mijeno.

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MEDICAL INCUBATOR
Philippine inventions

MEDICAL INCUBATOR
 made from indigenous and cheap material which did not run on
electricity.
 It is made up of a native laundry basket inside a bigger one, and
hot water bottles were inserted between the baskets to provide
warmth and a makeshift hood to allow oxygen circulation.

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Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal Trap
System
Philippine inventions

Mosquito Ovicidal/Larvicidal Trap System

 also known as OL Trap. This trap system is made of natural
ingredients that are lethal to mosquitoes but safe for humans and
the environment.

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E-JEEPNEY
Philippine inventions

E-JEEPNEY
 This is a modern type of transportation vehicle that utilizes
electricity instead of the more expensive diesel.
 It is environment-friendly since it does not emit any smoke and
noise.

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KARAOKE
Philippine inventions

KARAOKE
 The world's first karaoke machine, the Juke-8, was built by
Japanese inventor and musician Daisuke Inoue in 1971.
 But it is Filipino inventor Roberto del Rosario who holds the
machine's patent. He developed the Karaoke Sing-Along System
in 1975.

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Philippine inventions

OTHER NOTABLE INVENTIONS IN THE PHILIPPINES

 16-bit Microchips
 coconut oil fueled power generator
 Erythromycin-ilosone
 yoyo
 videophone
 induced mango flowering (chemical spraying)
 DeBBC Cream

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