Historical Antecedents which

Changed the Course of Science

and Technology

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Learning
Outcomes
1.
Trace the historical development of science and
technology in the world: Ancient, Middle and Modern
Ages and in the Philippines; and

2.
Demonstrate appreciation for the developments in
science and technology.

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 Historical Antecedents which
Changed the Course of Science
and Technology

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 Ancient Age
300 B.C. – 400 B.C.
❑ The earliest form of Science and Technology
were human artifacts. They where roughly shaped
stones used for chopping and scraping.
❑ Some of the earliest record of science came from
Masopotamian cultures, disease symptom,
chemical substances and astronomical
◼ Prehistoric times about 2.3
observations were some of the evidence of
million years ago.
emerging science.

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 Information on the treatment of
wound and diseases

Mathematical calculations such

as angles, rectangles, and
triangles
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 Philosophers who wrote the
topics on psychology, biology, and
other topics.

Gave rise to the Bronze Age.

Those days were used to make
swords and weapons
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 Two-wheeled carts had been
created as mode of
transportation.

Urbanization – the development

of large city (Pyramid)
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 Middle Age
450 B.C. – 1450 A.D.

Gave birth to many scientific and technological

development. It is also during this age were
warfare had improved tremendously

◼ Often called Dark Ages

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 Renaissance Era in Europe began.
The period known as the rebirth
of knowledge.

Development of printing press

which resulted in books being
printed.
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 Leonardo da Vinci
- a great pioneer in Arts,
architecture, engineering and
science, stress the importance of
experiment.

Nicolaus Copernicus
- rediscovered that the sun was at
the center of the solar system and
that the earth revolve around it.
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Modern Age
1600 AD
A period in human history which spans from the
20th century beginning with the period after the
end of First World War and ending with the
advent of the Digital revolution.

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 Galileo Galilei
- the first to use modern scientific
methods based on experiment and
testable observation.

Isaac Newton
- Help define the laws of gravity and
planetary motion, co-founded
calculus, and explained the laws of
light and color.
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 Albert Einstein
- His work had profound impact on
everything from quantum theory to
nuclear power.

Beginning of factories being built to

produce goods at massive quantity.
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 Light bulb began to replace candles
and oil lamps

20th century gave birth to radio, the first

car to run with engine power, first man to
went to space in a rocket, beginning of
communication, electronics and
computer era.
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Science and Technology
in the Philippines
The early inhabitants had their own culture
and traditions.

❑Own belief system and indigenous knowledge.

❑Organized and sustained their lives and
communities for many years.

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Agricultural
Aspect
Indigenous technology already existed with
regards to wet rice and dry rice agriculture.

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Cultural and
Trading
Aspect
The use of technology was also evident in the
handicrafts, pottery, weaving, metal ware and boats
used by ancient Filipinos.

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Medicinal
Aspect
The natives were already aware of the medicinal and therapeutic
properties of plants and methods of extracting medicine from
herbs

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Educational
Aspect
Had an alphabet, a system of writing, a
method of counting, weights and measures.

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Spanish
Colonial
Period
The Spaniards introduced formal
education and founded scientific
institution

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American
Colonial
Period
The progress of science and technology
continued under American rule

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Science and
Technology in
the Philippines

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Marcos Era
Science was given importance during
Marcos Regime

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 Jan 23, 1967
Directed the Department of Education
to revitalized the science courses in
public schools.
1968
Technology was recognized as the
leading factor in economic development.
Established the Department of
Agriculture and Natural Resources.
1972
Established the PAGASA under the
Department of National Defense.

Marcos Era
1976 1979 1980
Philippine National Oil Company was The government funded scientific research The National Committee on
conducted by National Science
created. Geological Science was created
Development Board which became the
National Science and Technology
Authority in 1982

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Corazon
Aquino’s
Term
Science and technology was one of the
three priorities of the government towards
an economic recovery

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 1987
The National Science and Technology Authority was replaced by
the Department of Science and Technology

Corazon 1988
Aquino’s - The first Science and Technology Master Plan (STMP) was
formulated to achieve newly industrialized country.

Term
- Opened free education at the secondary level

2000
Encourage the Filipino scientist and inventors to bring the Phil to
its former position as second to Japan in terms of Science and
Technology

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Fidel V. Ramos’
Term
President Ramos believes that science
and technology was one of the means
wherein the Philippines could attain the
status of new industrialized country.

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 R.A. 8439 Magna Carta for Science and Technology Personnel

Fidel V. R.A. 7687 Science and Technology Scholarship Law of 1004

Ramos’ Term R.A. 7459 Inventors and Inventions Incentives Act

R.A. 8293 Intellectual Property Code of the Philippines

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Joseph
Estrada’s
Term
Two major legislations that he signed
were the Philippine Clean Air Act of
1999 (RA 8749) and the Electronic
Commerce Act of 2000 (RA 8792)

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Gloria M.
Arroy’s Term
Arroyo’s administration was dubbed as
the “golden age” of science and
technology due to the numerous laws and
projects that concern both the
environment and science.

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Benigno C.
Aquino’s
Term
Pres. Benigno Aquino was considered as
the “father of Organic Agriculture”
because of his work. He’s focus is in the
development in research and technology
of Philippine Agriculture.

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 R.A. 10601
Agriculture and Fisheries Sector through Mechanization
(AFMech)

Benigno C. R.A. 10068

Organic Agriculture Act of 2010

Aquino’s Term
R.A. 19844
DICT Act of 2015 or the Department of Information and
Communication Technology

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Science
Education in
the Philippines
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 Conclusion
The state of science and technology of a country largely determines its socioeconomic
progress. In other countries of the world including the Philippines science and technology
has undergone a tedious process of development. History will show that there were traces
of indigenous technology used by our forefathers as early as the prehistoric times. There is
no doubt that with passing of the years, science and technology have improved the lives of
people across the globe, but it posed also serious concern to man kind because of the
improper implementation of technology. The challenge therefore is for us to determine the
type of future we need to have and then create relevant technologies which will make the
world a wonderful place for us to live in.

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THANK YOU!

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