(STS) LECTURE 3:

MIDDLE AGES, MODERN TIMES, PHILIPPINE INVENTIONS

MEDIEVAL/MIDDLE AGES

 MASSIVE INVASIONS AND MIGRATIONS

 WARS WERE PREVALENT
 POPULATION DECLINE
 MOST INNOVATIVE MINDS CAME FORM THIS PERIODS
 THE AGE OF EXPLORATION

Middle Ages

Printing Press

 Johan Guttenberg was able to invent the printing press, a more reliable way of printing
using a cast type.
 This general invention soon evolved to be the mechanical printing press which was
eventually used all over the world.

Microscope

 Guided by the principles used for the invention of eyeglasses in the earlier years,
Zacharias Janssen was able to develop the first compound microscope
 with this device, people were able to observe organisms that were normally unseen by the
naked eye
 the microscope is the key in discovering new means in preventing and curing various
illnesses

 SARS-CoV-2
 The medical field uses RT-PCR
 Electron Microscope/Scanning Electron Microscope

Telescope

 an optical instrument that helps in the observation of remote objects

 Middle Ages being “the age of exploration”, the need for nautical inventions was high

War Weapons

 great development in the weaponry technology occurred in the middle ages

 all sides must develop weaponries not only as offensive tools but also a defensive
instruments
  for open battles – people developed cross bows and long bows so that they could attack
the enemies at long ranges
 for close-range hand-to-hand combat – soldiers should wear something to protect themselves,
a need addressed by the creation of iron body armors

 Chainmail – a type of armor consisting of small metal rings linked together in a pattern to form a
mesh.

Modern Times

Development of Industries

Blooming population in 19th century

Efficient means of transportation

Machines that require animals to operate

Faster and easier means to communicate and compute

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION!

Pasteurization

 The process of heating dairy products to kill the harmful bacteria

 LOUIS PASTEUR- French biologist, microbiologist, chemist
 Dairy products can be stored and consumed for a longer period

PETROLEUM REFINERY

 Animal oils were first used for generating light to illuminate homes
 Invented due to the demand of better means of powering homes and transportation
 SAMUEL M. KIER- invented kerosene by refining petroleum
 Development of kerosene established the refinery industry

Telephone

 ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL- invented the telephone

 one of the most important inventions at that time

Calculator

 The creation of modern calculators did not only pave the way for easier arithmetic
calculations, but also resulted in the development of more complex processing machines
like the computer
PHILIPPINE INVENTIONS

Philippines

⮚ Developing country

⮚ Most vulnerable county in terms of natural disasters.

⮚ Discoveries and inventions were built from indigenous materials

PHILIPPINE INVENTIONS

SALAMANDER AMPHIBIOUS TRICYCLE

⮚ VICTOR LLAVE & H2O TECHNOLOGIES- invented the Salamander

⮚ Invented due to flooding, a common occurrence in many areas in the country

⮚ Can cross not only flooded streets but also rivers and lakes

SALT LAMP

⮚ AISA MIJENO- a young Filipino Scientist who invented the lamp

⮚ SALt- Sustainable Alternative Lighting

⮚ An environment-friendly light source that runs on saltwater

⮚ Made by mixing two tablespoons of salt and a glass of tap water

MEDICAL INCUBATOR

⮚ DR. FE DEL MUNDO- a Filipino pediatrician and the first Asian woman admitted into Harvard
Medical School, devised the medical incubator

⮚ Made from indigenous and cheap materials which do not require electricity

⮚ A native laundry basket was place inside a bigger one and hot water bottles were inserted
between the baskets to provide warmth

MOSQUITO OVICIDAL/LARVICIDAL TRAP SYSTEM

⮚ DENGUE is transmitted by Aedes aegypti

⮚ Evolution of insecticide resistant

⮚ Invented by Department of Science and Technology-Industrial Technology Development

Institute (DOST-ITDI)

⮚ OL TRAP- made by natural ingredients that are lethal to mosquitos but safe for humans and the
environment
E-JEEPNEY

⮚ JEEPNEY- major transportation innovation in the Philippines

⮚ Built using the jeeps left by the Americans after World War II

⮚ Diesel-powered; produces large quantity of smoke; major contributor of noise pollution

⮚ ELECTRIC JEEPNEY (e-JEEPNEY)- utilizes electricity instead of the more expensive diesel;
environmental friendly since it does not emit noise and smoke