Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:_____________________

Name of Teacher:___________________________

Pasay –M9 – Q1 – W2- 07

Department of Education- National Capital Region

Schools Division of Pasay City

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter / Week 2 / Day 3

OBJECTIVE: Describes the relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a
quadratic equation.

OUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

 Describing the relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a quadratic
equation.
This module will help the students to describe the relationship between the
coefficients of a quadratic equation, specifically in finding the sum and product of the roots
of quadratic equation. In this lesson, you were able to relate the sum and product of the
roots of the quadratic equation ax2 + bx + c = 0 to the values of a, b, and c.

TRY TO DISCOVER!

Activity 1: Let’s Do Addition and Multiplication!

Perform the indicated operation then answer the questions that follow:
1. 3+5 = ________ 6. ( 3 ) ( - 7 ) = ________
2. 6 + ( - 2 ) = ________ 7. ( - 8 ) ( - 4 ) = ________
3. – 5 + ( - 4 ) = ________ 8. ( - 9 ) ( 2 ) = ________
4 3
4. – 11 + 7 = ________ 9. (− 5)( 5 ) = _______
4 3 2 1
5. − + = ________ 10. (− )(− ) = _______
5 5 3 7

Questions:
1. How did you determine the result of each operation?
2. What mathematical concepts and principles did you apply to arrive at your
answer?
Activity 2: Relate Me to My Roots!
Complete the table and use the quadratic equations below to answer the questions
that follow:

Quadratic Sum of Product of

coefficients Roots
Equations the roots the roots

a b c x1 x2

x2 + 5x + 6 = 0

x2 – 3x + 2 = 0

x2 + 3x – 4 = 0

2x2 – 5x – 3 = 0
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:_____________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

Questions:
1. What do you observe about the sum and the product of the roots of each
quadratic equation in relation to the values of a , b and c?
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

2. Do you think a quadratic equation can be determined given its roots or solutions?
Justify your answer by giving examples.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________
3. Do you think a quadratic equation can be determined given the sum and product
of its roots. Justify your answer by giving examples.
___________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________

Relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a quadratic equation

The values of a , b and c in the quadratic equation can be used in finding the
sum and product of the roots of the equation.

Let r and s be the roots of a quadratic equation;

−𝒃 𝑐
Sum of the roots : r + s = Product of the roots : rs =
𝒂 𝑎

Illustrative Examples
Use the values of a , b and c of each of the following quadratic equations in
determining the sum and product of its roots. Verify your answers by obtaining the
roots of the equation.

1. x2 + 4x + 3 = 0
Solution:
(x+3)(x+1)=0
x=-3 , x=-1
Sum of the roots: Product of the roots:
−𝑏 𝑐
x1 + x2 or r + s = 𝑎 ( x1 )( x2) or rs = 𝑎
−4 3
r+s= 1 rs = 1
r+s=-4 rs = 3

2. 4x2 – 12x + 9 = 0
Solution:
( 2x – 3 )( 2x – 3 ) = 0
2x – 3 = 0
2x = 3
3
x =
2

Sum of the roots: Product of the roots:

−𝑏 𝑐
x1 + x2 or r + s = 𝑎 ( x1 )( x2) or rs = 𝑎
−(−12) 9
r+s= rs =
4 4
12
r+s = 𝑜𝑟 3
4
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:_____________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

HERE ARE SOME MORE EXAMPLES

Use the value of a, b and c of each quadratic equation find the sum and product of its
roots.
1. x2 – 4x = 5
Solution:
x2 – 4x = 5 x2 – 4x – 5 = 0 : write in standard form
a=1,b=-4,c=-5 : identify the value of a , b and c
sum of the roots : : use the sum and product expression
−𝑏
r+s=
𝑎
−(−4 )
=
1
r+s= 4
product of the roots: What is the value of ( r + s )2?
c
rs = note: r and s be roots of quadratic equation
a
−5
rs = Answer: ( r + s )2
1
rs = - 5 ( 4 )2 = 16

2. ( 3x + 2 )( x + 4 ) = 0
Solution:
( 3x + 2 )( x + 4 ) = 0 3x2 + 14x + 8 = 0 : write in standard form
a = 3 , b = 14 , c = 8 : identify the value of a , b and c
sum of the roots : : use the sum and product expression
−𝑏
r+s=
𝑎
−(14 )
=
3
−14
r+s=
3

product of the roots: What is the value of ( rs )2?

𝑐
rs = Answer: ( rs)2
𝑎
8 8
= ( 3 )2
3
64
8
rs = 9
3

PRACTICE ACTIVITY 1
Using the value of a, b and c of each quadratic equation and find sum and product of its
roots.
1. x2 – 9x + 18 = 0 a = ____ b = ____ c = ____ sum : ______ product : _____
2. x2 – 12x – 45 = 0 a = ____ b = ____ c = ____ sum : ______ product : _____
3. x2 + x – 90 = 0 a = ____ b = ____ c = ____ sum : ______ product : _____
2
4. x - 6x + 9 = 0 a = ____ b = ____ c = ____ sum : ______ product : _____
5. 6x2 + x + 5 = 0 a = ____ b = ____ c = ____ sum : ______ product : _____
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:_____________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

PRACTICE ACTIVTY 2
Use the value of a , b and c of each quadratic equation in determining the sum and
product of its roots. Verify your answer by obtaining the roots of each quadratic equation.
1. x2 = 9 sum : _______ product : _______ roots : __________
2. x2 – 1 = 0 sum : _______ product : _______ roots : __________
3. 3x2 – 12X = 0 sum : _______ product : _______ roots : __________
4. 5x2 – 17x + 6 = 0 sum : _______ product : _______ roots : __________
5. 4x = - 12x – 9 = 0
2
sum : _______ product : _______ roots : __________

Remember:
Relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a quadratic equation

 The values of a , b and c in the quadratic equation can be used in finding the
sum and product of the roots of the quadratic equation.
 Sum of the roots of the quadratic equation can be obtained by:
−𝒃
x1 + x2 or r + s = 𝒂

 Product of the roots of the quadratic equation can be obtained by:

𝒄
(x1)( x2 ) or rs = 𝒂

PRACTICE ACTIVITY 3:
What is ghostly about a dead rattlesnake?
Determine the sum and product of the roots of each equation and write the word above
the answer.
1. AFTER 5x2 – 8x + 3 = 0 7. ATTACK x2 + 4x + 4 = 0
2. CAN x2 + 2x – 3 = 0 8. DEATH -x2 + x + 1 = 0
3. EAT x2 – 1 = 0 9. SCRES x2 – 4 = 0
4. STILL x2 – 2x + 1 = 0 10. AN x2 = 6x – 9
5. RATS x2 – 2x + 1 = 5 11. ITS x2 - 4x = 21
6. IT 3x2 = 7 – 2x 12. HOUR 3x2 – 7x + 2 = 0
Answer Box:

r + s = -2 / 3 r+s=-2 r+s= 2 r+s=-4 r+s=6

rs = -7 / 3 rs = - 3 rs = 1 rs = 4 rs = 9

r+s= 7/3 r+s=8/5 r+s= 4 r+s= 1

rs = 2 / 3 rs = 3 / 5 rs = - 21 rs = - 1
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:_____________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

THOUGHTS TO PONDER!
 What is insights do you have about the sum and product of quadratic equation?
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
 How would you connect this to real life? How would you use this in making
decision? _______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:

1. Communication Skills 3. Creativity
A. Understanding of words A. Problem solving
B. Following instructions / directions:
C. Reasoning 4. Character
D. Responding to ideas A. Honesty
2. Critical Thinking B. Accuracy
A. Observation C. Working independently
B. Analysis D. Patience
C. Explanation F. Perseverance

EVALUATION:
Read each item carefully. Write the letter of the best answer.
_____1. Which expression is used to find the sum of the roots of quadratic equations?
𝑐 𝑏 −𝑐 −𝑏
A. 𝑎
B. 𝑎 C. 𝑎
D. 𝑎

_____2. Which expression is used to find the product of the roots of quadratic
equations?
𝑏 𝑐 −𝑏 −𝑐
A. 𝑎
B. 𝑎 C. 𝑎
D. 𝑎

_____3. What is the sum of the roots of ( x + 5 )2 = 25

A. – 10 B. – 5 C. 10 D. 30
_____4. Find the sum and product of the roots of the quadratic equation 2x2 = 8x + 4,
respectively?
A. – 4 and – 2 C. 4 and – 2
B. – 4 and 2 D. 4 and 2
_____5. What is r + s of the quadratic equation x2 – 8x + 7 = 0?
2 2

A. 49 B. 56 C. 64 D. 113

Prepared by:
EDGAR D. ARIZA
(Pasay City South High School)

________________________________________________________________________
References for further enhancement:

1. Grade 9 Mathematics Learners Material By; DepEd Materials pages 66 – 74.

2. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera. pages 42 - 47.
3. https://youtu.be/xWppkYPW3O0
4. https://youtu.be/bDQOeXAk_yY
5. https://youtu.be/e5Hl6I8BnbM