LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL Student’s Copy

Don Carlos, Bukidnon

Keep this Module
MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter

Learning Activity Sheet No: 3

School Year: 2021-2022

Topic: Roots and Coefficients of Quadratic and Equations in Quadratic Form

A. Background Information for Learners

Quadratic equation is an equation where the highest exponent of the variable (usually "x") is a square ( 2).
Every quadratic equation gives two values of the unknown variable and these values are called roots of the
equation. Sometimes the relation between roots of a quadratic equation is given and we are asked to find the
condition example the relation between the coefficients a, b and c of quadratic equation.

B. Learning Competencies with Codes

a. Characterizes the roots of a quadratic equation using the discriminant M9AL-Ic-1
b. Describes the relationship between the coefficients and the roots of a quadratic equation M9AL-Ic-2
c. Solves Equations transformable to quadratic equations (including rational algebraic equations.) M9AL-lc-
d-1
C. Objectives/ Learning Targets
At the end of the lesson, the leaners must be able to:
1. Solve the discriminant of the equation and describes its nature;
2. Describe the relationship between the coefficient and the roots of a quadratic equation by solving; and
3. Solves equations transformable to quadratic equations.
D. Short Discussion
Good day my dear students! Before you’re going to start reading this module and answering your activity
sheets, do not forget to pray and ask the guidance of the Holy Spirit to enlighten your minds and bless you with
the knowledge and wisdom to understand the lesson.
Have you wonder why there’s a need for us to find the nature of roots of a certain equation?
This is because the roots in a quadratic equation are the values of the variables that turn the equation into
correct equality. In simple words , the roots of equation are the values of variable for which the equation becomes
true.
A.1 Discriminant – the radicand b 2−4 ac in the quadratic formula. It provides information regarding the roots of the
quadratic equation.
−b ± √ b2−4 ac Discriminant
x=
2a
NATURE OF THE ROOTS
If a , b∧c are real numbers, and D=b2−4 ac , then the roots of the quadratic equation a x 2 +bx+ c=0 are:
 If D>0 , real and unequal;
 If D=0, real and equal; or
 D<0 , imaginary and unequal
Moreover, the roots are:
 Rational, if D is a perfect square;
 Irrational, if D is not a perfect square.
Examples:
1. x 2−6 x +9=0
Step 1: Identify the value of your a , b ,∧c
a=1 , b=−6 , c=9
Step 2: Find the discriminant by substituting it to the formula which is D=b2−4 ac .
2
D=b −4 ac
2
D= (−6 ) −4(1)(9)
D=36−36
D=0
Step 3: Refer to the nature of roots given above in order to identify the nature of roots of the given quadratic
equation.
Since D=0, the roots of x 2−6 x +9=0 are real, equal and rational.
2. 2 x2 −4 x +5=0
a=2 , b=−4 , c=5
2
D=b −4 ac
D= (−4 )2−4 (2)(5)
D=16−40
 D=−24
Since D=−24, the roots of 2 x2 −4 x +5=0 are imaginary, unequal and irrational.

Frequently Ask Question(FAQ): How to identify if the given discriminant is a perfect square ?
Answer: Simply, take the square root and if it results to a whole number/integer then the discriminant is a
perfect square.
Note: The smallest perfect square is 4 not 1.
*For more examples refer to pages 25-26 of your book.
A.2
Relation of Roots
1. The sum of the roots is the additive inverse of the quotient of b and a.
−b
r 1 +r 2=
a
2. The product of the roots is the quotient of c and a.
C
r 1 . r 2=
a
The relation that exists between the roots of the roots of the quadratic equation that can be used in checking the validity of
the roots can be of best use in deriving the quadratic equation.
From the general form of a quadratic equation, a x 2 +bx+ c=0 , we have:
2 b c
x + x+ =0
a a
2
x −( r 1 +r 2 ) x + ( r 1 .r 2) =0
( x−r , ) ( x−r 2 ) =0
−b c
User 1 +r 2= and r 1 . r 2=
a a

Example: 1. Solve the equation x 2+ 3 x −28=0. Determine by inspection the sum and product of the roots and use the
results in checking the validity of the equation.
x 2+ 3 x −28=0 Given
(x +7)(x−4 )=0 Factor out the given equation then find the value
of x .
( x +7 ¿ (x−4)
x +7=0 x−4=0 Find the value of x
x=−7 x=4
r 1=−7∧r 2=4 We let r 1and r 2 be the value of your x
a=1 , b=3 , c=−28 Identify the value of your a , b∧c

−b −3 c −28 Find the sum and product of the roots.

= =−3 and = =−28
a 1 a 1
−b C To check the validity of the equation, use the
r 1 +r 2= and r 1 . r 2= given formula above.
a a
−7+ 4=−3 (−7 )( 4 )=−28
−3=−3 −28=−28
 Equations Transformable into Quadratic Equations
Example: Consider the example below in expressing equation into quadratic equation.

6 −x −3 Given. Determine the Least Common Denominator

−2=
x 4 (LCD) of the fractions.
6 −x−3
4 x( −2= ) Multiply the equation by the LCD 4x.
x 4
2
24−8 x=−x +3 x Arrange the terms on the left side of the equation.
2 Rewrite the equation in general form. So, it must be
x −11 x+24=0 in the form a x 2 +bx+ c=0 .
Find the value of x . Since the equation is factorable
( x−8 )( x−3 )=0 so factor the left side of the equation. (Refer to your
first module on how to factor the equation.)
x−8=0 x−3=0
Therefore, the value of x is 8 and 3.
x=8 x=3
*For more examples refer to pages 34-38 of your book.
Did you learn something about the topics? If you have questions, feel free to message me via messenger
or during the virtual meeting that we will have on the given schedule.
E. Exercises:
Activity 1: Roots of Equation. (Written Works 15 points)
 Activity 2: Find the value of x . (Written Works 15 points)
F. Values Integration
In our life “X” stands for wrong. In every wrong or mistakes that we have done we must find its
value and learned from it.
G. References for Learners
Orines, F.,et. Al,(2018) Next Century Mathematics 9.2nd ed. Phoenix Publishing house, Inc.
Barrosa, J. et al. (Realistic Math) Published by Sibs.

LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL Return this

Code: Don Carlos, Bukidnon
School Year: 2021-2022 Activity Sheet

MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
LAS 3
Name: ________________________________________ Date: ______________
Section:_______________________________________ Score:______________

Activity 1
Determine the nature of the roots of the given equation. Show your solution neatly and legibly. (Written Works
15 points)

1. x 2+ 12 x +35=0

2. Solve the equation and determine by inspection the sum and product of the roots.
2
x −9 x +20=0

Activity 2:
Solve the value of x . Show your solution neatly and legibly. (Written Works 15 points)

p −16
1+ =
10 10 p
 LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL
Don Carlos, Bukidnon
School Year: 2021-2022

MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
LAS 3

ANSWER KEY
Activity 1
Determine the nature of the roots of the given equation. Show your solution neatly and legibly. (Written Works
15 points)

1. x 2+ 12 x +35=0

2. Solve the equation and determine by inspection the sum and product of the roots.
2
x −9 x +20=0

Activity 2:
Solve the value of x . Show your solution neatly and legibly. (Written Works 15 points)

p −16
1+ =
10 10 p
 Prepared by: Approved by:
Reviewed by:

Ms. Lalaine B. Cosadio Ms. Lourdes Bernadette B. Ebdalin,

Ms. Minnehaha P. Yder,
Subject Teacher Vice Principal For Academic Affairs School Principal
Student’s Copy

LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL

Don Carlos, Bukidnon
Keep this Module
MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter

Step 1:
Convert the information given into a quadratic equation.
Step 2.
Solve the quadratic equation obtained using one of the methods given below.
Factoring, Quadratic Formula and Completing the Squares.
Step 3.
Relate the solution obtained from one of the methods to the statements asked in the question.

Learning Activity Sheet No. 4

School Year: 2021-2022

Topic: Problems Involving Quadratic Equations

A. Background Information for Learners

Many formulas used in the physical world are quadratic in nature since they become second-degree
equations when solving for one of the variables. Likewise, many word problems require the use of the quadratic
equation. In order for you to solve the given problem here is the step which you can use in our latter discussion.

B. Learning Competency with Code

1. Solves problems involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations. M9AL-ie-1
C. Objective/ Learning Target
At the end of the lesson, the leaners must be able to:
4. Solve problems that involve quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations.
D. Short Discussion
Good day my dear students! How are you? I hope you’re doing fine. You should be thankful every day
for you are still alive and kicking amidst the pandemic that we’re facing.
Think of some scenarios where you can apply quadratic equation in our day to day life. Have you wonder
that there is an application of this topic in the fields of sciences, economics and other related fields?
Well, Quadratic equations are actually used in everyday life, as when calculating areas, determining a
product's profit or formulating the speed of an object. 

Below are the examples on how are you going to solve a certain problem using the steps given above.
Examples:
24
1. If the difference between a number and its reciprocal is , find the number.
5
Solution:

Let “x” be the required number “1/x” be its reciprocal.

x− ()
1 24
x
=
5
Since we let x be the number and
1
x
will be its reciprocal so we subtract
 its reciprocal from the number x so that we can get its difference which
24
is
5

( )( )
x 2−1 24 On the left side of the equation, find its LCD and perform the indicated
5x = 5x operation in which you are going to divide the LCD by the denominator
x 5
of the first term then multiply it to the numerator of the first term. The
same goes to the second term on the left side of the equation.
5(x 2−1)=24 x The same process. Find the LCD of the left and right side of the
equation.
5 x 2−5=24 x Use the distributive process in which you are going to distribute the
constant to the terms inside the parenthesis.
2
5 x −24 x−5=0 Transform the equation to a general form in which all the terms will be
at the left side of the equation.
( 5 x+1 )( x−5 ) =0 Since the equation is factorable, factor out the equation in order to find
the value of x .
5 x−1=0∨x−5=0 1
So, the required number is either ∨5 or both so let’s do the checking
5 x=1 x =5 5
1 in order to find the right answer.
x=
5
Checking : 1 −24
So, as you can see, if the value of x is it results to . But, if the
x− ( 1x )= 245 value of x is 5 it results to
24
5 5
.we are looking for a number that will
1 5
If x= x=5 24
5 have the difference of . Therefore we can conclude that the number

()
1 1 24 5
− = 1 24 that we are looking for is 5.
5 1 5 5− =
5 5
5

5 1( )
1 1∗5 24
− =
5
25−1 24
5
=
5

1 24 24 24
−5= =
5 5 5 5
1−25 24
=
5 5
−24 24
=
5 5

2. A garden measuring 12m by 16m is to have a pedestrian pathway that is ‘w’ meters wide installed all the way
around so that it increases the total area to 285 m2. What is the width of the pathway? Refer to Figure 1.

Solution:

From the given figure, the length of the garden including pathway is 12 + 2w and width is 16 + 2w.
2
Lenght . width=285 m
( 12+2 w ) ( 16+2 w )=285
2
192+24 w+32 w+ 4 w =285
2
4 w +56 w+192−285=0
2
4 w +56 w−93=0

a=4 , b=56 ,c=−93

(−b ± √ b2−4 ac )
x=
2a
−56 ± √56 2−4 (4 )(−93)
x=
2(4)
(−56 ± √3136+ 1488 )
x=
8
(−56 ± √ 4624 ) Figure 1.
x=
8
 −56 ± 68
x=
8

−56+68 −56−68
x 1= ∧x 2=
8 8

12 −124
x 1= x=
8 2 8

3 −31
x 1= x 2=
2 2
or
x 1=1.5 x2 =−15.5

Since there is no negative value of width, therefore the required width is 1.5m.
*For more examples refer to pages 40-42 of your book.
Did you learn something about the topics? If you have questions, feel free to message me via messenger
or during the virtual meeting that we will have on the given schedule.

E. Exercises:
Activity 1: Problem Solving (Performance Task- 20 points)
F. Values Integration
In every trials that we face we should always believe that in every problem there is a solution.
G. References for Learners
Orines, F.,et. Al,(2018) Next Century Mathematics 9.2nd ed. Phoenix Publishing house, Inc.
Barrosa, J. et al. (Realistic Math) Published by Sibs.

Return this
Code: LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL Activity Sheet
Don Carlos, Bukidnon
School Year: 2021-2022

MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
LAS 4
Name: ________________________________________ Date: ______________
Section:_______________________________________ Score:______________
Activity 1
Answer the given problem involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations. (Performance Task- 20
points)
1. A garden measuring 5m by 6m is to have a pedestrian pathway that is ‘w’ meters wide installed all the way
around so that it increases the total area to 200 m2. What is the width of the pathway?
2. If the length of each side of a square is increased by 6, the area is multiplied by 16. Find the length of one side of
the original square.
Formula of the square: A=s 2

LOYOLA HIGH SCHOOL

Don Carlos, Bukidnon
School Year: 2021-2022

MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter
LAS 4

ANSWER KEY
Activity 1
Answer the given problem involving quadratic equations and rational algebraic equations. (Performance Task- 20
points)
3. A garden measuring 5m by 6m is to have a pedestrian pathway that is ‘w’ meters wide installed all the way
around so that it increases the total area to 200 m2. What is the width of the pathway?

4. If the length of each side of a square is increased by 6, the area is multiplied by 16. Find the length of one side of
the original square.
Formula of the square: A=s 2
Prepared by: Reviewed by: Approved by:

Ms. Lalaine B. Cosadio Ms. Minnehaha P. Yder Ms. Lourdes Bernadette B. Ebdalin
Subject Teacher Vice Principal For Academic Affairs School Principal