Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:___________________

Name of Teacher:___________________________

Pasay –M9 – Q1 – W1- 03

Department of Education- National Capital Region

Schools Division of Pasay City

MODULE IN MATHEMATICS 9
First Quarter / Week 1 / Day 3

OBJECTIVE: Solves quadratic equations by completing the square.

OUR LESSON FOR TODAY:

 Solving quadratic equations by completing the square.

This module will activate students’ prior mathematical knowledge and skills and provide
them with opportunities to connect these to their lesson solving quadratic equations by
completing the square. It further enhances students’ skills in solving such equations and
enables them to understand better completing the square as a method of solving quadratic
equations.
LETS TRY TO DISCOVER!
 Activity 1: Perfect Square Trinomial to Square of a Binomial
Express each of the following perfect square trinomial as a square of a trinomial.
Answer the questions that follow:
a2 + 2ab + b2 = ( a + b ) 2 : a2 – 2ab + b = ( a – b ) 2
1. x2 + 6x + 9 : ________________________________
2
2. a + 12a + 36 : ________________________________
3. x2 – 16x + 64 : ________________________________
4. b2 – 14 b + 49 : ________________________________
5. x2 + 10x + 25 : ________________________________
Questions:
1. How do you describe a perfect square trinomial?
2. How did you express each perfect square trinomial as the square of a binomial?
3. What mathematical concept or principle did you apply to come up with your
answer?
4. Observe the terms of each trinomials. How is the third term related to the
coefficient of the middle term?
 Activity 2: Make it Perfect!
Determine a number that must be added to make each of the following a perfect
square trinomial. Explain your answer.
1. x2 + 4x + ________ : ______________________________________
2. x2 – 16x + ________ : ______________________________________
2
3. x + 6 x + ________ : ______________________________________
4. x2 – 2x + ________ : _______________________________________
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:___________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

Solving Quadratic Equations by Completing the Square

Completing the square is a method of solving quadratic equation by making the

equation a perfect square trinomial. To complete the square of the expression ax2 + bx, add
𝒃
the square of half the coefficient of x to make ax2 + bx + ( 𝟐 )2.
Suggested steps:
1. Transpose all terms containing the variable to the left side and the constant term to
the right side, if necessary.
2. Divide each term of the equation by the numerical coefficient of the x2, if necessary.
This will change the equation x2 + bx = c.
3. Divide the coefficient of x by 2, square it then add to both sides of the equation.
4. Factor the left side of the equation. This is a perfect square trinomial. Simplify the
right side.
5. Take the square root of both sides of the equation.
6. Equate the square root of the left side to positive/negative square root on the right
side.

Illustrative Example:
Find the solution of x2 + 12x + 20 = 0 by completing the square.
𝑏 12 2
Solution: b = 12 : ( 2 )2 ( 2
) (6)2 36

x2 + 12x = - 20 : add both sides by the additive inverse of 20

x2 + 12x + 36 = - 20 + 36 : add both sides by ( 𝑏2 )2.
( x + 6 ) 2 = 16 : factor the trinomial and simplify the left side

√( 𝑥 + 6 )2 = √16 : extract both sides

X+6=±4
x+6=4 ; x+6=-4 : equate each square root to ± value on the right
x=-6+4; x =-6–4 : simplify each equation
x=-2 ; x = - 10 : roots or solutions of the quadratic equation

ARE YOU READY TO PRACTICE?

Solve the following by completing the square.
1. 2x2 + 12x + 14 = 0
Solution: b = 12
2 2 12 14 0
x + x+ =2 : divide the equation by the coefficient of x2
2 2 2

x2 + 6x + 7 = 0
x2 + 6x = -7 : add both sides by the additive inverse of 7
x2 + 6x + 9 = - 7 + 9 : add both sides by ( 𝑏2 )2
(x+3)2=2 : factor the trinomial and simplify the left side
√( 𝑥 + 3 )2 = √2 : extract both sides
x + 3 = ±√2 : solve for the variable
x = - 3 ±√2 : roots or solutions of the quadratic equation
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:___________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

2. x2 + 3x + 2 = 0
Solution: b = 3
x2 + 3x + 2 = 0
x2 + 3x = - 2 : add both sides by the additive inverse of 2
3 9 9
x2 + x + = - 2 + : add both sides by ( 𝑏2 )2
2 4 4
3 −8 9
(x+2)2= 4
+4 : factor the left side and simplify the right side
3 1
(x+2)2= 4
: LCD : 4

3 1
√( x + ) 2 = √4 : extract both sides
2

3 1
x + 2
= ±4
3 1 3 1
x + 2
=4 : x + 2
=-4 : equate each square root to ± value on the right
1 3 1 3
x= 4
-2 : x= −4-2 : simplify each equation : LCD 4
1 6 1 6
x= - : x= − -
4 4 4 4
5 7
x= -4 : x= -4 : roots or solutions of the quadratic equation

PRACTICE EXERCISE 1
A. Given the quadratic equation, x2 + 18x – 19 = 0, answer the questions below.
1. Identify the value of b : ______________
𝒃
. 2. What is the value ( 𝟐 )2?______________

3. What number to be added both sides? _________________

B. Complete the square by finding the missing term.
1. x2 + 12x + ________ = 0
2. x2 – 14x + ________ = 0
3. x2 + ________ x + 9 = 0
4. _______ x2 + 12x + 9 = 0
PRACTICE EXERCISE 2
A. Fill in the blank to complete the square.
1. x2 + 18x – 19 = 0 2. x2 + 4x = 12
Sol: x2 + 18x = _____ Sol: x2 + 4x + ___ = 12 + __4_
x2 + 18x + _81 = 19 + ___ ( x + ____ )2 = 16
( x + _______ ) 2 = 100 √( 𝑥 + 2 )2 = √_____

√( 𝑥 + 9 )2 = √_____ x + 2 = ±4
x + ____ = ± 10 x+2=4 : x+2=-4
x + 9 = 10 : x = 9 – 10 x = ____ : x = ____
x = ______ : x = ______
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:___________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

Remember:
Solving Quadratic Equation by Completing the Square

 Completing the square is a method of solving quadratic equation by making the

equation a perfect square trinomial.
 To complete the square of the expression ax2 + bx, add the square of half the
𝒃
coefficient of x to make ax2 + bx + ( )2.
𝟐

PRACTICE EXERCIE 3
Answer the following:
1. Roger solved the equation 2x2 – 8x + 15 = 0. The first few parts of his solution
are shown below:
2x2 – 8x + 15 = 0
2x2 – 8x + 15 – 15 = 0 – 15 ?
2x2 – 8x = - 15

1
1
( −8) = −4 ; (−4 )2 2= 16
2 (−8 ) = −4 ∶ ( −4 ) = 16
2
2x2 - 8x + 16 = - 15 + 16
Question: Do you think Roger will get the correct solution of the equation?
Justify?
Answer:

2. Dora wants to use completing the square in solving quadratic equation

4x2 – 25 = 0?
Question: Can she use it in finding the solutions of the equation?
Explain.
Answer:

Integrated the Development of the Following Learning Skills:

1. Communication Skills 3. Creativity
A. Understanding of words / vocabulary A. Problem solving
B. Following instructions / directions: B. Writing
C. Reasoning 4. Character
D. Responding to ideas A. Honesty
2. Critical Thinking B. Accuracy
A. Observation C. Working independently
B. Analysis D. Patience
C. Explanation F. Perseverance
Name:____________________________________ Grade & Section:___________________
Name of Teacher:___________________________

EVALUATION:
A. Read each item carefully. Write your best answer before each item number.
______1. What value of c will make the trinomial x2 – 10x = c a perfect square?
A. 5 B. 10 C. 25 D. 100
______2. What number must be added to both sides of the equation x2 + 12x = 13 so
that the method of completing the square can be used to solve the roots?
A. 64 B. 49 C. 36 D. 25
𝑏
______ 3. In the equation x2 + 10x – 6 = 0, what is the value of expression ( 2 )2 ?

A. 5 B. 6 C. 25 D. 36
______4. What are the roots of x2 – 6x + 5 = 0?
A. x = -3 , x = -2 B. x = 3 , x = -2 C. x = 5 , x = - 6 D. x= 6, x = - 5
______5. Which equation have the roots of – 3 and 4?
A. x2 + 4x – 3 = 0 B. x2- 4x + 3 = 0 C. x2 – x – 12 = 0 D. x2 + x –12=0
B. Fill in the blank to complete the square.
2x2 + 8x + 4 = 0
Solution:
6. x2 + ______ x + 2 = 0
7. x2 + 4x = ______
8. x2 + 4x + ______ = - 2 + 4
( x2 + 2 ) 2 = 2
9. √( 𝑥 + 2 )2 = √______

x + 2 = ±√2
10. x = __________

( OPTIONAL ). Solve by completing the square.

1. ax2 + bx + c = 0 2. kx2 + px + q = 0

Prepaid by : EDGAR D. ARIZA

Name of School: Pasay City South High School
__________________________________________________________________
References for further enhancement:
1. Grade 9 Mathematics Learners Material By; DepEd Materials pages 35 - 42
2. Grade 9 Mathematics Patterns and Practicalities By: Gladys C. Nivera. pages 19 – 32.
3. https://www.montereyinstitute.org/courses/DevelopmentalMath/COURSE_TEXT2_RESOURCE/U
12_L3_T1_text_final.html
4. https://www.slideshare.net/swartzje/2006-6-2