A M E R I C A N A R C H I T E C T U R A L

AAMA 507-15

Standard Practice for

Determining the Thermal
Performance
Characteristics of
Fenestration Systems in
Commercial Buildings

M A N U F A C T U R E R S A S S O C I A T I O N
 •
1.0 PURPOSE ................................................................................................... 1
2.0 SCOPE ........................................................................................................ 1
3.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS.. .................................................................... 2
4.0 TERMINOLOGY .......................................................................................... 3
5.0 DETERMINATION OF PRODUCT LINES .................................................. 3
6.0 DETERMINATION OF SYSTEM SPECIFIC THERMAL PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS.. ...................................................................................... 3
7.0 DETERMINATION OF BUILDING SPECIFIC THERMAL PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................................ 8
8.0 EXAMPLES ............................................................................................... 10
9.0 FENESTRATION PRODUCT RATING CERTIFICATE (IP).. ................... 17
10.0 FENESTRATION PRODUCT RATING CERTIFICATE (SI) ................... 18
APPENDIX A: CONSERVATIVE REPRESENTATIVE VALUES FOR
GENERIC PRODUCTS ................................................................................... 19
APPENDIX B: RELATED FENESTRATION PERFORMANCE INDICES ..... 44

AAMA. The Source of Performance Standards, Products Certification and

Educational Programs for the Fenestration Industry.

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©2015 American Architectural Manufacturers Association – These printed or electronic

pages may NOT be reproduced, republished or distributed in any format without the
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This document was developed and maintained by representative members of AAMA

as advisory information. AAMA DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO
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information, opinion, advice or other content published herein.

AAMA 507-15
ORIGINALLY PUBLISHED: 2001
PRECEDING DOCUMENT: 507-12
PUBLISHED: 12/15

American Architectural Manufacturers Association

1827 Walden Office Square, Suite 550, Schaumburg, IL 60173
PHONE (847) 303-5664 FAX (847) 303-5774
EMAIL webmaster@aamanet.org WEBSITE www.aamanet.org
1.0 PURPOSE
This document provides a uniform standard method for determining the thermal performance of building specific fenestration
systems that are installed in commercial buildings. The following thermal performance characteristics are included in this document:

• Thermal Transmittance (U-factor)

• Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC)
• Visible Transmittance (VT)
• Air Leakage
• Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF)

2.0 SCOPE
2.1 Fenestration affects building energy use through four basic mechanisms: thermal heat transfer, solar heat gain, visible
transmittance and air leakage. Condensation resistance is considered not to affect energy use and is therefore not a concern of the
building codes. However, CRF is an important thermal performance characteristic and is therefore included in this document.

NOTE 1: A CRF tool is available for public use on the AAMA website.

(http://www.aamanet.org/crfcalculator/1/334/crf-tool)

2.2 This document covers glazed fenestration systems such as windows, curtain walls, window walls, sloped glazing, storefronts,
doors and other glazed products that are installed in commercial buildings (buildings other than low-rise residential buildings). For
projecting elements that do not increase usable floor space, refer to the generalized equation in Section 7.1 and the specific building
application.

2.3 Products not covered by this standard include fenestration systems (windows, doors, skylights) intended for use in low-rise
residential applications. Please see AAMA 1503 or NFRC 100 for determining the thermal performance ratings for these products.

2.4 This document provides manufacturers, architects, builders and code authorities with a means to verify product thermal
performance. National energy codes and standards relating to commercial buildings include:

• ASHRAE/IES Energy Code for Commercial and High-Rise Residential Buildings

• ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1 Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential buildings
• IBC International Building Code
• IECC International Energy Conservation Code

2.5 This document provides manufacturers, architects and builders with information on the energy performance of fenestration
systems installed in commercial buildings. This information can be useful in determining overall building performance, occupant
comfort and HVAC sizing. However, care must be taken when extrapolating such information from the product ratings developed in
accordance with this standard. Product performance ratings are determined under standardized conditions, which may not represent
the environmental conditions into which the product is installed.

2.6 Energy use in commercial buildings is usually dominated by cooling loads. For this case, lower SHGC ratings for fenestration
products are desirable. In recognition of this phenomenon, there are two rating methodologies presented herein for determining the
solar heat gain coefficient of fenestration systems: a generic framing determination and a specimen specific determination. The
generic rating provides a simple, conservative methodology that is very helpful in determining system design. The product specific
rating utilizes the actual fenestration product framing system simulated and tested for U-factor determination.

2.7 This document contains the following:

Section 3.0 provides a list of reference documents.

Section 4.0 provides definitions pertinent to this document.

Section 5.0 provides the methodology to determine and validate product lines.

Section 6.0 provides a method to determine U-factors, Solar Heat Gain Coefficients (SHGC), visible transmittance (VT) and
Condensation Resistance Factors of specific fenestration systems

AAMA 507-15 Page 1

Section 7.0 provides instruction on how to determine an overall building specific U-factor, SHGC and VT.

Section 8.0 provides examples for determining overall U-factors.

Section 9.0 provides the Fenestration Product Rating Certificate (IP format) that shall be used to demonstrate compliance with code
requirements for U-factor, SHGC and VT.

Section 10.0 provides the same Fenestration Product Rating Certificate provided in Section 9, except in SI format.

Appendix A provides non-mandatory information for determining pre-calculated thermal performance values for four types of
generic framing systems. The pre-calculated U-factors are conservative and may be used as an estimating tool in the early phases of
design. It also defines and illustrates the four types of framing systems typically used in commercial fenestration systems and
provides SHGC and Visible Transmittance (VT) of generic fenestration systems.

Appendix B provides test method references for air leakage and condensation resistance.

2.8 The values stated in Inch-Pound (IP) units are to be regarded as the standard. Metric (SI) conversions are given in parenthesis.
The SI values were rounded off to the significant digits. Therefore, the user of this document may find slight disagreement in values
when converting from SI to IP units. For simplification and ease of reference, the examples given in Section 8.0 have been prepared
using only the inch-pound convention.

2.9 This document was developed in an open and consensus process and is maintained by representative members of AAMA as
advisory information.

3.0 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS

3.1 References to the standards listed below shall be to the edition indicated. Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in
the requirements of this standard practice shall be interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.

3.2 American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA)

AAMA 1503-09, Voluntary Test Method for Thermal Transmittance and Condensation Resistance of Windows, Doors and Glazed
Wall Sections

AAMA AG-13, AAMA Glossary

AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-11, North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights

3.3 American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)

2013 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals

1997 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals

ANSI/ASHRAE/IES 90.1-2013, Energy Standard for Buildings Except Low-Rise Residential buildings

3.4 ASTM International (ASTM)

ASTM E283-04(2012), Standard Test Method for Determining the Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls,
and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen

3.5 International Code Council (ICC)

IBC, International Building Code, 2012

IBC, International Building Code, 2015

IECC, International Energy Conservation Code, 2012

IECC, International Energy Conservation Code, 2015

3.6 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory

AAMA 507-15 Page 2

WINDOW/THERM, NFRC Simulation

3.7 National Fenestration Rating Council (NFRC)

ANSI/NFRC 100-2014, Procedure for Determining Fenestration U-Factors

NFRC 102-2010, Procedure for Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of Fenestration Systems

ANSI/NFRC 200-2014, Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product Solar Heat Gain Coefficient and Visible Light
Transmittance at Normal Incidence

ANSI/NFRC 400-2014, Procedure for Determining Fenestration Product Air Leakage

NFRC Simulation Manual (latest edition)

4.0 TERMINOLOGY
4.1 Please refer to AAMA Glossary (AG-13) for all definitions except for those appearing below (which apply only to this voluntary
standard).

SPACER: Insulating glass units generally have continuous spacers around the glass perimeter to separate the glazing and provide an
edge seal. Two types of spacers are defined in this document: aluminum without a thermal barrier (hereafter referred to as aluminum)
and insulating. Edge-of-glass U-factor is based on the type of spacer used in the insulating glass unit and the center-of-glass U-
factor. The 1997 ASHRAE Handbook -Fundamentals defines the edge-of-glass U-factors for aluminum and insulating spacers by the
following formulas:

Aluminum Spacer:
UEOG = 0.223 + 0.842UCOG – 0.153 UCOG2

Insulating Spacer:
UEOG = 0.120 + 0.682UCOG + 0.244 UCOG2

5.0 DETERMINATION OF PRODUCT LINES

A Product Line shall be tested for U-factor in accordance with NFRC 102 and simulated in accordance with NFRC 100. Typical
product lines are differentiated by operator type, frame type and a set of basic frame/sash profiles (see Section A1.0). If a product
line consists of several systems with different interior profiles that vary only in depth, the system with the highest U-factor (typically
the unit with the greatest exposed interior surface area) shall be simulated and tested. If the fenestration system consists of several
product lines in combination (mulled together), the system shall be simulated and tested as separate product lines. The baseline
product shall be tested and simulated at the size(s) shown in NFRC 100. Simulated and tested U-factors for a given fenestration
system shall be considered equivalent if the agreement between the two numbers is within the ranges given in NFRC 100.

NOTE 2: When Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF) is desired, users of this Standard Practice are advised to also consider
testing in accordance with AAMA 1503 when testing to NFRC 102.

6.0 DETERMINATION OF SYSTEM SPECIFIC THERMAL PERFORMANCE

CHARACTERISTICS
6.1 THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE (U-FACTOR)

6.1.1 Vision Area

The U-factor for the vision area of each framing system tested per Section 5.0 shall be modeled in accordance with the NFRC
Simulation Manual including all applicable NFRC Technical Interpretations. If the simulation and test results are determined to be
equivalent as prescribed in Section 5.0, a graph is constructed that gives the thermal performance for this specific framing with
variations in glazing type and size. This is accomplished by computer simulations using any combination of low-e coatings and/or
gas fills to establish center-of-glass U-factors ranging from:

AAMA 507-15 Page 3

 0.48 Btu/(ft2∙h∙°F) [2.70 W/(m2∙°C)]
to
0.10 Btu/(ft2∙h∙°F) [0.61 W/(m2∙°C)]

in increments of 0.02 Btu/(ft2∙h∙°F) [0.11 W/(m2∙°C)]

NOTE 3: Center-of-glass U-factors below 0.20 Btu/(ft2·h·°F) [1.14 W/(m2·°C)] may require the addition of a suspended film within
the IG unit, Vacuum Insulating Glass (VIG), or multiple low-e coatings in multi-cavity gas-filled insulating glass units.

For systems that accommodate 1 in (25 mm) glazing, the frame shall be modeled with edge-of-glass conditions based on two panes
of nominal 0.25 in (6 mm) glass with 0.5 in (12 mm) gap and standard aluminum spacer. Alternative spacers may be modeled in
addition to the standard aluminum spacer. For systems that accommodate glazing other than 1 in (25 mm) infill, the glass shall be
modeled accordingly with the center-of-glass U-factors ranging from the highest to the lowest in increments of 0.02 Btu/(ft2∙h∙°F)
[0.11 W/(m2∙°C)].

Simulations to generate the chart are based on the tested unit and shall be modeled in accordance with the NFRC Simulation Manual
including all applicable technical interpretations.

For a given framing system and center-of-glass configuration, the relationship between U-factor and percent of vision area is linear.
Therefore, it is only necessary to determine the U-factor for each glazing at two percentages of vision area. Using NFRC approved
simulation tools, the system U-factor is determined at 70% vision area and 95% vision area utilizing the same glass aspect ratios as
in the test.

If the product vision area falls outside these bounds, vision area ratios shall be expanded or shifted to account for the appropriate
frame/glass ratio. Once these two points have been established the straight line is calculated using the equation:

U-factor = Intercept + Slope x (percentage of vision area)

This equation is established for each center-of-glass U-factor and a graph is constructed for percentage of vision to frame areas
between 70% and 95% (or other percentages if more appropriate for the product). It is important to note that NFRC defines vision
area as the total center-of-glass area plus the edge-of-glass area which extends to the gasket edge or framing sightline. This document
defines vision area as the area of glass extending to the primary frame or sash members; therefore it is not necessary for the user of
this document to know how much the gasket extends over the glass. The vision area U-factor charts are to be prepared in a manner
that follows the NFRC simulation rules while accounting for vision area as defined in this document.

For product comparison and for generating the Fenestration Product Rating Certificate given in Section 9.0, a matrix shall be
provided utilizing the same center-of-glass increments to obtain various system U-factors. This matrix shall be based on the test unit
size utilizing NFRC simulations including applicable Technical Interpretations. This matrix shall be generated by an NFRC
accredited simulation laboratory. As an alternative, this matrix shall be generated by an NFRC Independent Approved Calculation
Entity (ACE) organization utilizing approved frame, glass and spacer components within the NFRC CMAST program. See Section
8.4 for example matrix. For informational purposes, the vision area to total area ratio used in the matrix shall be noted on the chart.

6.1.2 Spandrel Area

The U-factor for the spandrel area of each framing system tested per Section 5.0 shall be modeled in accordance with the NFRC
Simulation Manual including all applicable NFRC Technical Interpretations. A graph is constructed that gives the thermal
performance for this specific framing system with variations in the spandrel insulation and in percentage of spandrel. This is
accomplished by simulating the edge and center of spandrel with insulation. It is assumed that the spandrel insulation does not cover
the framing members, is flush with the 0.25 in (6 mm) glass and has a foil facing exposed to the interior. At a minimum, the spandrel
insulation shall be based on the following R-values and (thicknesses):

(ft2∙h∙°F)/Btu (m2∙°C)/W
2 (0.62 in) 0.35 (16 mm)
3 (1 in) 0.53 (25 mm)
4 (1.25 in) 0.70 (32 mm)
5 (1.5 in) 0.88 (38 mm)
11 (3.5 in) 1.94 (89 mm)
15 (4.5 in) 2.64 (114 mm)
19 (6 in) 3.34 (152 mm)
30 (9.5 in) 5.28 (241 mm)

AAMA 507-15 Page 4

For systems that accommodate glazing other than 0.25 in (6 mm) monolithic spandrel infill, the frame shall be modeled accordingly.

Simulations to generate the chart are based on the tested unit and shall be modeled in accordance with the NFRC Simulation Manual
including all applicable Technical Interpretations.

For a given framing system and spandrel insulation, the relationship between U-factor and percent of spandrel area is linear.
Therefore, it is only necessary to determine the U-factor for each insulation option at two percentages of spandrel area. Using NFRC
approved simulation tools, the system U-factor is determined at 70% spandrel area and 95% spandrel area utilizing the same infill
aspect ratio as in the test.

If the product spandrel area falls outside these bounds, the spandrel area shall be expanded or shifted to account for the appropriate
frame/spandrel ratio. Once these two points have been established, the straight line is calculated using the equation:

U-factor = Intercept + Slope x (percentage of spandrel area).

This equation is established for each center-of-glass R-value and a graph is constructed for percentage of spandrel to frame areas
between 70% and 95% (or other percentages if more appropriate for the product). It is important to note that this document defines
spandrel area as the area of spandrel extending to the primary frame or sash members; therefore it is not necessary for the user of this
document to know how much the gasket extends over the spandrel. The spandrel area R-value charts are to be prepared in a manner
that follows the NFRC simulation rules while accounting for spandrel area as defined in this document.

6.2 SYSTEM SPECIFIC SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC)

If the system specific SHGC ratings for a fenestration system are specified, they shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200.
For a given glass type, the relationship between SHGC and percent of vision area is linear. A graph shall be constructed utilizing
center-of-glass SHGC ranging from 0.05 to 0.75 in 0.05 increments. The SHGC for each glazing option is determined at 70% vision
area and 95% vision area utilizing the same infill aspect ratio as in the test.

If the product vision area falls outside these bounds, vision area ratios shall be expanded or shifted to account for the appropriate
frame/glass ratio. Once these two points have been established, the straight line is calculated using the equation:

SHGC = Intercept + Slope x (percentage of vision area).

This equation is established for each center-of-glass SHGC and a graph is constructed for percentage of vision to frame areas
between 70% and 95% (or other percentages if more appropriate for the product). It is important to note that NFRC defines vision
area as the total center-of-glass area plus the edge-of-glass area which extends to the gasket edge or framing siteline. This document
defines vision area as the area of glass extending to the primary frame or sash members; therefore it is not necessary for the user of
this document to know how much the gasket extends over the glass. The SHGC charts are to be prepared in a manner that follows the
NFRC simulation rules while accounting for vision area as defined in this document.

For product comparison and for generating the Fenestration Product Rating Certificate given in Section 9.0, a matrix shall be
provided utilizing the same center-of-glass SHGC increments to obtain various system SHGC. This matrix will be based on the test
unit size, utilizing NFRC simulations including all applicable Technical Interpretations. This matrix shall be generated by an NFRC
accredited simulation laboratory. As an alternative, this matrix shall be generated by an NFRC Independent Approved Calculation
Entity (ACE) Organization utilizing approved frame, glass and spacer components within the NFRC CMAST program. This matrix
will be based on the test unit size utilizing NFRC simulations including applicable technical interpretations. See Section 8.5 for an
example matrix.

If system specific ratings are not required for SHGC, see Section A3.0 (Determination of Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and
Visible Transmittance (VT)).

6.3 SYSTEM SPECIFIC VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE (VT)

If the system specific VT ratings for a fenestration system are specified, they shall be determined in accordance with NFRC 200. For
a given glass type, the relationship between VT and percent of vision area is linear. A graph shall be constructed utilizing center-of-
glass VT ranging from 0.05 to 0.75 in 0.05 increments. The VT for each glazing option is determined at 70% vision area and 95%
vision area utilizing the same infill aspect ratio as in the test.
If the product vision area falls outside these bounds, vision area ratios shall be expanded or shifted to account for the appropriate
frame/glass ratio. Once these two points have been established, the straight line is calculated using the equation:

VT = Intercept + Slope x (percentage of vision area).

AAMA 507-15 Page 5

This equation is established for each center-of-glass VT and a graph is constructed for percentage of vision to frame areas between
70% and 95% (or other percentages if more appropriate for the product). It is important to note that NFRC defines vision area as the
total center-of-glass area plus the edge-of-glass area which extends to the gasket edge or framing siteline. This document defines
vision area as the area of glass extending to the primary frame or sash members; therefore it is not necessary for the user of this
document to know how much the gasket extends over the glass. The VT charts are to be prepared in a manner that follows the NFRC
simulation rules while accounting for vision area as defined in this document.

For product comparison and for generating the Fenestration Product Rating Certificate given in Section 9.0, a matrix shall be
provided utilizing the same center-of-glass VT increments to obtain various system VT. This matrix will be based on the test unit
size, utilizing NFRC simulations including all applicable Technical Interpretations. This matrix shall be generated by an NFRC
accredited simulation laboratory. As an alternative, this matrix shall be generated by an NFRC Independent Approved Calculation
Entity (ACE) Organization utilizing approved frame, glass and spacer components within the NFRC CMAST program. This matrix
will be based on the test unit size utilizing NFRC simulations including applicable technical interpretations. See Section 8.6 for an
example matrix.

If system specific ratings are not required for VT, see Section A3.0 (Determination of Solar Heat Gain Coefficient (SHGC) and
Visible Transmittance (VT)).

6.4 SYSTEM SPECIFIC CONDENSATION RESISTANCE FACTOR (CRF)

If the system specific Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF) ratings are specified they shall be provided by physical testing per
AAMA 1503 or alternately a graphical projection of the system specific Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF) shall be provided as
follows:

The CRF graph will consist of three lines: CRF-glass, CRF-frame (low conductivity spacer), CRF-frame (high conductivity spacer).
In order to generate the CRF graphs the CRF-frame and CRF-glass results from two AAMA 1503 tests shall be required. The two
test units shall be representative of the full range of expected insulating glass unit performance, excluding products with interior
surface Low-E coatings.

Test Unit #1 – IGU with lowest expected center-of-glass U-Factor and lowest expected effective conductivity spacer.

Test Unit #2 - IGU with highest expected center-of-glass U-Factor and highest expected effective conductivity spacer.

The range tested shall represent actual spacers which may be used in the product and do not need to cover the entire possible range
of options. However, extrapolation of frame CRF shall not exceed 10% of the conductivity of the best or worst performing spacer.

The center-of-glass U-Factor and spacer effective conductivity shall be determined using methods prescribed in the NFRC
Simulation Manual and NFRC 100.

The CRF-glass line shall be plotted using the center-of-glass U-Factors and the CRF-glass for each of the two test units.

The CRF-frame (low conductivity spacer and high conductivity spacer) lines are straight lines at the CRF-frame values for the test
unit with the corresponding spacer.

Since System CRF is represented by the lower of the two CRF values (frame and glass) for a given unit, the intersection of the frame
and glass lines shall be determined. For any given center-of-glass U-Factor, the higher of the CRF-frame or CRF-glass lines should
be shown as a dotted line (unachievable result for the system at that COG U-Factor). The lower of the two lines shall be shown as a
solid line (controlling CRF component). The spacer effective conductivity shall be included on the chart.

For spacers that are not on either extreme represented on the graph, the effective conductivity of the third spacer shall be determined
via simulation. A CRF-frame line can be linearly interpolated between the two lines on the chart using the effective conductivity of
the three spacers.

AAMA 507-15 Page 6

 Center-of-Glass U-Factor (BTU/hr●ft2●°F)

AAMA 507-15 Page 7

7.0 DETERMINATION OF BUILDING SPECIFIC THERMAL PERFORMANCE
CHARACTERISTICS
7.1 THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE (U-FACTOR)

An estimate of the overall U-factors for a specific building is determined by the area-weighted U-factor from each component. This
is accomplished by utilizing Sections 7.1.1, 7.1.2 and 7.1.3, which define actual U-factors depicted in a chart format developed from
the generalized area-weighted equation given below.

UO= (UCOGACOG + UEOGAEOG + UFAF)/APF

Where:

UO = U-factor (overall)
UCOG = U-factor (center-of-glass)
ACOG = Area (center-of-glass)
UEOG = U-factor (edge-of-glass)
AEOG = Area (edge-of-glass)
UF = U-factor (frame)
AF = Area (frame)
APF = Total area (The area of the rough opening in the building envelope, for the fenestration product, less installation
clearances)

7.1.1 Vision Area

In order to determine the U-factor for the vision area of a specific building, it is first necessary to know the center-of-glass U-factor
and the percent of vision area to total vision area. Enter the chart on the horizontal axis at the appropriate percentage of vision area to
total area. Project a line vertically until it intersects with the center-of-glass U-factor for the building. Project a line horizontally until
it intersects with the vertical axis. This intersection will indicate the system U-factor for the vision area. Interpolation or
extrapolation is permitted within the chart. Center-of-glass U-factor is determined using the latest Optical Data Library for
WINDOW and is typically given in the glass manufacturer’s data as winter time (night) U-factor.

7.1.2 Spandrel Area

In order to determine the U-factor for the spandrel area of a specific building, it is first necessary to know the R-value of the spandrel
insulation and the percent of spandrel area to total area. Enter the chart on the horizontal axis at the appropriate percentage of
spandrel area to total area. Project a line vertically until it intersects with the R-value of the spandrel insulation for the building.
Project a line horizontally until it intersects with the vertical axis. This intersection will indicate the system U-factor for the spandrel
area. Interpolation or extrapolation is permitted within the chart. For the case where the spandrel insulation covers the framing
members, the full R-value for the insulation shall be applied to the entire spandrel area.

7.1.3 Combined Vision and Spandrel

For fenestration systems that have a combination of vision and spandrel areas in a single elevation, such as in a curtain wall, the
vision and spandrel portions must be determined separately. In this case, the total area for both the vision and spandrel portions must
be calculated based on the centerline of those framing members that are common to both the vision and spandrel areas. If a single U-
factor is required for an elevation that contains both vision and spandrel, it shall be determined by area weighting the respective U-
factors to the total area of the entire assembly. See Figure 5 for an illustration of combined vision and spandrel.

AAMA 507-15 Page 8

 FIGURE 5

Total Area (Vision Glazing + Frame) = (V1 X V2)

Total Area (Spandrel + Frame) = (S1 X S2)
Total Area (Assembly) = (V1 + S1) V2 or S2

7.2 For the SHGC for a specific building, it is first necessary to determine the center-of-glass SHGC based on the latest edition of the
Optical Data Library for WINDOW and percent vision area. The SHGC for the fenestration system is determined from the graph in
Section A3.1 or from system specific graphs as determined in accordance with Section 6.2.

7.3 For the VT for a specific building, it is first necessary to determine the center-of-glass VT based on the latest edition of the
Optical Data Library for WINDOW and percent vision area. The VT for the fenestration system is determined from the graph in
Section A3.2 or from system specific graphs as determined in accordance with Section 6.3.

AAMA 507-15 Page 9

8.0 EXAMPLES
Examples are based on specific systems and fenestration configurations.

8.1 VISION AREA

Project Specified U-Factor - Example Calculation

(Based on entire elevation)
15'-8" F.W.
5'-0" D.L.O.
2" Typ.

D.L.O.
7'-0"
VISION VISION VISION

9'-6" F.H.
2" Typ.
D.L.O.
2'-0"

VISION VISION VISION

2
Example Glass U-factor = 0.42 Btu/ft · h ·°F
2
Vision Area = 3(5' x 7') + 3(5' x 2') = 135.0 ft
2
Total Area =15'-8" x 9'-6" = 148.8 ft

Percent of Vision Glass = (Vision Area ÷ Total Area)100

= (135.0 ÷ 148.8)100 = 91%

System U-factor vs Percent of Vision Area

0.80

0.70

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.60
COG
U-factor
0.48
0.46 0.50
0.44 0.49
0.42
0.40
0.38
0.36 0.40
0.34
0.32
0.30
0.28
0.26
0.24 0.30
0.22
0.20

0.20
91%
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

Based on an elevation comprised of 91% vision glass and center-of-glass U-factor of 0.42, system U-factor is equal to 0.49
Btu/h•ft2•F.

AAMA 507-15 Page 10

8.2 SPANDREL AREA

Project Specified U-Factor - Example Calculation

(Based on entire elevation)
15'-8" F.W.
5'-0" D.L.O.
2" Typ.

D.L.O.
7'-0"
SPANDREL SPANDREL SPANDREL

9'-6" F.H.
2" Typ.
D.L.O.
2'-0"

SPANDREL SPANDREL SPANDREL

2
Example Spandrel R-value = 19 ft · h ·°F/Btu
2
Spandrel Area = 3(5' x 7') + 3(5' x 2') = 135.0 ft
2
Total Area = 15'-8" x 9'-6" = 148.8 ft

Percent of Spandrel = (Spandrel Area ÷ Total Area)100

= (135.0 ÷ 148.8)100 = 91%

System U-factor vs Percent of Spandrel Area

Spandrel
0.60
R-value
2.00

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft ·°F)

0.50

2
3.00 0.40

4.00
0.30
5.00

0.20
0.19
11.00
15.00
19.00
30.00
0.10
91%
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

Based on an elevation comprised of 91% vision glass and center of spandrel R-value of 19, system U-factor is equal to 0.19
Btu/h•ft2•F.

AAMA 507-15 Page 11

8.3 COMBINED VISION & SPANDREL

Project Specified U-Factor - Example Calculation

(Based on entire elevation)

2-1/2" Typ.

D.L.O. D.L.O.
3'-0"
SPANDREL

2-1/2" Typ.
4'-0"
VISION

D.L.O.
8'-0"

VISION
31'-3"

D.L.O.
6'-0"

SPANDREL
D.L.O.
9'-0"

VISION

5'-0"
D.L.O.

8.3.1 Vision Area

Example Glass U-factor = 0.28 Btu/h•ft2•F

Vision Area = 5 (9+8+4) = 105 ft2
Total Area (Vision) = 5’ 2½” (9’ 3¾” + 8’ 2½” + 4’ 2½”) = 113.2 ft2
Percent of Vision Glass = (Vision Area + Total Area) 100
= (105 / 113.2) 100 = 93%

8.3.2 Spandrel Area

Example Spandrel R-value = 0.15ft2•h•F

Spandrel Area = 5 (6 + 3) = 45 ft2
Total Area (Vision) = 5’ 2½” (6’ 2½” + 3’ 3¾”) = 49.6 ft2
Percent of Vision Glass = (Spandrel Area + Total Area) 100
= (45 /49.6) 100 = 91%

AAMA 507-15 Page 12

 Vision Area Chart

Based on a single curtain wall bay of 93% vision glass and center-of-glass U-factor of 0.28, system U-factor is equal to 0.39
Btu/h•ft2•F

AAMA 507-15 Page 13

 Spandrel Area Chart

System U-factor vs Percent of Spandrel Area

Spandrel
0.60
R-value
2.00

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft ·°F)

0.50

2
3.00
0.40

4.00
0.30
5.00

0.21
0.20
11.00
15.00
19.00
30.00
0.10
91%
95

90

85

80

75

70
Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

Based on a single curtain wall bay of 91% spandrel and center of spandrel of 15, system U-factor is equal to 0.21 Btu/h•ft2•F.

AAMA 507-15 Page 14

8.4 SIZE SPECIFIC U-FACTOR EXAMPLE MATRIX.
Product Comparison Matrix (overall system U-factor based on test size)

Option Center-of-Glass U-factor Overall U-factor

1 0.48 0.63
2 0.46 0.61
3 0.44 0.60
4 0.42 0.58
5 0.40 0.56
6 0.38 0.55
7 0.36 0.53
8 0.34 0.52
9 0.32 0.50
10 0.30 0.48
11 0.28 0.47
12 0.26 0.45
13 0.24 0.44
14 0.22 0.42
15 0.20 0.41
16 0.18 0.40
17 0.16 0.38
18 0.14 0.37
19 0.12 0.35
20 0.10 0.34

AAMA 507-15 Page 15

8.5 SIZE SPECIFIC SHGC EXAMPLE MATRIX

Product Comparison Matrix (overall system SHGC based on test size)

Option Center-of-Glass SHGC Overall SHGC

1 0.75 0.69
2 0.70 0.64
3 0.65 0.60
4 0.60 0.55
5 0.55 0.51
6 0.50 0.46
7 0.45 0.42
8 0.40 0.37
9 0.35 0.33
10 0.30 0.28
11 0.25 0.24
12 0.20 0.20
13 0.15 0.15
14 0.10 0.11
15 0.05 0.06

8.6 SIZE SPECIFIC VT EXAMPLE MATRIX

Product Comparison Matrix (overall system VT based on test size)

Option Center-of-Glass VT Overall VT

1 0.75 0.67
2 0.70 0.63
3 0.65 0.58
4 0.60 0.54
5 0.55 0.49
6 0.50 0.45
7 0.45 0.40
8 0.40 0.36
9 0.35 0.31
10 0.30 0.27
11 0.25 0.22
12 0.20 0.18
13 0.15 0.13
14 0.10 0.09
15 0.05 0.04

AAMA 507-15 Page 16

9.0 FENESTRATION PRODUCT RATING CERTIFICATE (IP)
OVERALL RATING
U-Factor: (Btu/h•ft2•F)
Certificate Authorization SHGC:
VT:
Name: Company:

Signature: Date:

STIPULATES THAT THE MATERIALS LISTED ON THIS CERTIFICATE WERE INSTALLED ON THE PROJECT IDENTIFIED BELOW.
PROJECT INFORMATION:

Street Address:

City: State: Zip:

GLAZING CONTRACTOR / INSTALLER: Contact Person:

Street Address: Phone Number:

City: State: Zip:

GLAZING MATERIAL SUPPLIER: Contact Person:

TABLE 1 – GLAZING

Street Address: Phone Number:

City: State: Zip:

Glass and Spacer Type:

Center-of-glass (C.O.G.) U-factor: Center-of-glass (C.O.G.) SHGC: Center-of-glass (C.O.G.) VT

Btu/h•ft2•F
FRAMING MATERIAL SUPPLIER: Contact Person:

Street Address: Phone Number:

City: State: Zip:

U-factor Matrix
2 SHGC Matrix VT Matrix
(Btu/h•ft •F) Product Line:
TABLE 2 – FRAMING

C.O.G. Overall C.O.G. Overall COG Overall

U-factor U-factor SHGC SHGC VT VT
0.48 0.75 0.75
0.46 0.70 0.70 The overall ratings for U-factor, SHGC and VT are
0.44 0.65 0.65 based on a size of in x in as
0.42 0.60 0.60 required in NFRC 100 and NFRC 200.
0.40 0.55 0.55
0.38 0.50 0.50 Overall U-factors, Solar Heat Gain Coefficients (SHGC) and
0.36 0.45 0.45 Visible Transmittances (VT) listed in the matrix were
0.34 0.40 0.40 determined in accordance with NFRC 100 and NFRC 200
0.32 0.35 0.35 respectively by an accredited, independent laboratory.
0.30 0.30 0.30 ACCREDITED INDEPENDENT LABORATORY:
0.28 0.25 0.25
0.26 0.20 0.20
0.24 0.15 0.15 Reference Simulation Report #:
0.22 0.10 0.10
Reference Test Report #:
0.20 0.05 0.05
0.18 Air leakage less than or equal to ______ at a test Directions: Fill out form completely. Determine the Overall
0.16 pressure of ________ when tested in accordance with Rating for this project by using the C.O.G U-Factor. (winter-
0.14 (check one): time), C.O.G. SHGC, COG VT from Table 1 and looking up
0.12 AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 the overall rating from Table 2. Indicate the Overall Rating
ASTM E283 in the space above. Linear interpolation is permitted.
0.10
NFRC 400

AAMA 507-15 Page 17

10.0 FENESTRATION PRODUCT RATING CERTIFICATE (SI)
OVERALL RATING
2
U-Factor: (W/(m ·C))
Certificate Authorization SHGC:
VT:
Name: Company:

Signature: Date:

STIPULATES THAT THE MATERIALS LISTED ON THIS CERTIFICATE WERE INSTALLED ON THE PROJECT IDENTIFIED BELOW.
PROJECT INFORMATION:

Street Address:

City: State: Zip:

GLAZING CONTRACTOR / INSTALLER: Contact Person:

Street Address: Phone Number:

City: State: Zip:

GLAZING MATERIAL SUPPLIER: Contact Person:

TABLE 1 – GLAZING

Street Address: Phone Number:

City: State: Zip:

Glass and Spacer Type:

Center-of-glass (C.O.G.) U-factor: Center-of-glass (C.O.G.) SHGC: Center-of-glass (C.O.G.) VT:

2
W/(m ·°C)
FRAMING MATERIAL SUPPLIER: Contact Person:

Street Address: Phone Number:

City: State: Zip:

U-factor Matrix
2 SHGC Matrix VT Matrix
W/(m ·°C) Product Line:
Overall
TABLE 2 – FRAMING

C.O.G. C.O.G. Overall COG Overall

U-
U-factor SHGC SHGC VT VT
factor
2.70 0.75 0.75
2.59 0.70 0.70 The overall ratings for U-factor, SHGC and VT are based
2.48 0.65 0.65 on a size of mm x mm as required in NFRC
2.37 0.60 0.60 100 and NFRC 200.
2.26 0.55 0.55
2.15 0.50 0.50 Overall U-factors, Solar Heat Gain Coefficients (SHGC) and Visible
2.04 0.45 0.45 Transmittances (VT) listed in the matrix were determined in
1.93 0.40 0.40 accordance with NFRC 100 and NFRC 200 respectively by an
1.82 0.35 0.35 accredited, independent laboratory.
1.71 0.30 0.30 ACCREDITED INDEPENDENT LABORATORY:
1.60 0.25 0.25
1.49 0.20 0.20
1.38 0.15 0.15 Reference Test Report #:
1.27 0.10 0.10 Reference Simulation Report #:
1.16 0.05 0.05
1.05 Air leakage less than or equal to ______ at a test Directions: Fill out form completely. Determine the Overall
0.94 pressure of ________ when tested in accordance Rating for this project by using the C.O.G U-Factor. (winter-time),
with (check one): C.O.G. SHGC, COG VT from Table 1 and looking up the overall
0.83
AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440 rating from Table 2. Indicate the Overall Rating in the space
0.72 ASTM E283 above. Linear interpolation is permitted.
0.61 NFRC 400

AAMA 507-15 Page 18

APPENDIX A: CONSERVATIVE REPRESENTATIVE VALUES FOR GENERIC
PRODUCTS
(Information only)

A1.0 TYPES OF FRAMING SYSTEMS

Framing systems in commercial building applications typically consist of aluminum structural members that retain glazing within a
building. In general, framing systems are categorized as non-thermal, thermally improved, containing a thermal barrier, structurally
glazed or a combination thereof. U-factors of combination units and non-aluminum framing systems are not addressed in the pre-
calculated charts in Appendix A. Refer to Section 6.0 for determination of manufacturer specific product U-factors. The generic
thermal transmittances of the four framing systems are as follows:

Generic Thermal Transmittance for Systems with Dual Insulating

Glass
Aluminum Spacer Insulating Spacer
Framing System
Btu/(ft2·h·F) [W/(m2·C)] Btu/(ft2·h·F) [W/(m2·C)]
Non-Thermal 2.96 (16.81) † 2.96 (16.81) †
Thermally Improved 2.50 (14.20) ‡ 2.40 (13.63) ‡
Thermal Barrier 1.75 (9.94) † 1.63 (9.26) †
Structurally Glazed 1.27 (7.21) † 1.02 (5.79) †

† Framing U-factors are based on the 2012 ASHRAE Handbook - Fundamentals utilizing aluminum framing. Conservatively, the U-
factors given are based on worst case values given for operable windows, fixed windows and curtain wall.

‡ Framing U-factors are based on a 90th percentile worst case values for typical designs submitted by various AAMA members.

A1.1 NON-THERMAL FRAMING SYSTEM

System members with less than 0.062 in (1.6 mm) separation between interior and exterior surfaces.

FIGURE A1: Examples of non-thermal systems

AAMA 507-15 Page 19

A1.2 THERMALLY IMPROVED FRAMING SYSTEM

System members with a separation greater than or equal to 0.062 in (1.6 mm) but less than 0.210 in (5.3 mm) provided by a low
conductance material where thermal conductivity is less than or equal to 3.6 Btu in/h·ft2·ºF (0.5 W/mK), or open air space between
interior and exterior surfaces. Examples of such systems include members with exposed interior and/or exterior trim attached with
low conductance clips or skipped-debridged systems.

Skipped-debridged systems and those systems that employ intermittent machined slots to reduce heat flow shall be categorized as
non-thermal framing systems in this standard practice.

FIGURE A2: Examples of thermally improved systems

A1.3 THERMAL BARRIER FRAMING SYSTEM

System members with a minimum of 0.210 in (5.3 mm) separation provided by a low conductance material where thermal
conductivity is less than or equal to
3.6 Btu ·in/h·ft2·ºF (0.5 W/mK), or open air space between the interior and exterior surfaces. Examples of such systems include
poured and de-bridged urethane systems, crimped in place polymer isolator systems and pressure glazed systems with intermittent
fasteners.

NOTE A1: Intermittent fasteners used in pressure bar attachment shall be the manufacturer’s standard spacing. Nominal spacing of
fasteners shall be 6 in (150 mm) apart or greater.

NOTE A2: Wood, vinyl, fiberglass and other non-metallic systems qualify as thermal barrier framing. Reference ASHRAE
Handbook - Fundamentals for more applicable values.

NOTE A3: Thermal barrier systems are also referred to as thermally broken systems.

AAMA 507-15 Page 20

 FIGURE A3: Examples of thermal barrier systems

A1.4 STRUCTURALLY GLAZED FRAMING SYSTEM

A method of glazing where frame members are not exposed to the exterior.

FIGURE A4: Example of structurally glazed system

A2.0 THERMAL TRANSMITTANCE (U-FACTOR)

The pre-calculated thermal transmittance values determined in this section are considered near worst case. Product and project
specific U-factors will vary and are determined in accordance with Section 7.0.

A2.1 Vision Area

The U-factor is dependent upon the vision area to frame area ratio, the center-of-glass U-factor, the glass spacer type and the framing
type. The following charts are based on the center-of-glass U-factors ranging from 0.48 Btu/ft2·h·F [2.73 W/m2·C] to 0.20
Btu/ft2·h·F [1.14 W/m2·C] in increments of 0.02 Btu/ft2·h·F [0.12 W/m2·C]. Edge-of-glass conditions are based on a 2.5 in (64
mm) strip around the perimeter of each glazing infill. The edge-of-glass U-factors are based on equations given in Section 4.0. The
framing U-factors are based on values given in Section A1.0.

AAMA 507-15 Page 21

 Non-Thermal Chart (Aluminum and Insulating Spacer) - SI Units
Vision Area
7.50

7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.50

4.00
COG
U-factor
2.73 3.50
2.61
2.50
2.39
2.27
3.00
2.16
2.05
1.93
1.82
1.71 2.50
1.59
1.48
1.37
1.25 2.00
1.14

1.50

1.00
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 22

 Non-Thermal Chart (Aluminum and Insulating Spacer)
Vision Area
1.30

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

COG
0.65
U-factor
0.48
0.46 0.60
0.44
0.42 0.55
0.40
0.38
0.36 0.50
0.34
0.32
0.30 0.45
0.28
0.26 0.40
0.24
0.22
0.20 0.35

0.30

0.25

0.20
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 23

 Thermally Improved Chart (Aluminum Spacer) - SI Units
Vision Area
7.50

7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.50

4.00

COG
U-factor 3.50
2.73
2.61
2.50
2.39 3.00
2.27
2.16
2.05
1.93
1.82 2.50
1.71
1.59
1.48
1.37
1.25 2.00
1.14

1.50

1.00
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 24

 Thermally Improved Chart (Insulating Spacer) - SI Units
Vision Area
7.50

7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.50

4.00

COG
3.50
U-factor
2.73
2.61
2.50
2.39 3.00
2.27
2.16
2.05
1.93 2.50
1.82
1.71
1.59
1.48
1.37 2.00
1.25
1.14

1.50

1.00
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 25

 Thermally Improved Chart (Insulating Spacer)
Vision Area
1.30

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65
COG
U-factor 0.60
0.48
0.46
0.55
0.44
0.42
0.40 0.50
0.38
0.36
0.34 0.45
0.32
0.30
0.40
0.28
0.26
0.24 0.35
0.22
0.20
0.30

0.25

0.20
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 26

 Aluminum with Thermal Barrier – SI Units
Vision Area
7.50

7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.50

4.00

3.50
COG
U-factor
2.73
2.61 3.00
2.50
2.39
2.27
2.16
2.05 2.50
1.93
1.82
1.71
1.59
1.48 2.00
1.37
1.25
1.14
1.50

1.00
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 27

 Thermally Broken Chart (Aluminum Spacer)
Vision Area
1.30

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65

COG 0.60
U-factor
0.48 0.55
0.46
0.44
0.42 0.50
0.40
0.38 0.45
0.36
0.34
0.32 0.40
0.30
0.28
0.26 0.35
0.24
0.22 0.30
0.20

0.25

0.20
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 28

 Thermally Broken Chart (Insulating Spacer) - SI Units
Vision Area
7.50

7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.50

4.00

3.50
COG
U-factor
2.73
2.61 3.00
2.50
2.39
2.27
2.16 2.50
2.05
1.93
1.82
1.71
1.59 2.00
1.48
1.37
1.25
1.14
1.50

1.00
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 29

 Thermally Broken Chart (Insulating Spacer)
Vision Area
1.30

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65

COG 0.60
U-factor
0.55
0.48
0.46
0.44 0.50
0.42
0.40
0.38 0.45
0.36
0.34 0.40
0.32
0.30
0.28 0.35
0.26
0.24
0.22 0.30
0.20
0.25

0.20
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 30

 Structurally Glazed Chart (Aluminum Spacer)
Vision Area
1.30

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65

0.60
COG
U-factor 0.55
0.48
0.46 0.50
0.44
0.42
0.40 0.45
0.38
0.36
0.34 0.40
0.32
0.30 0.35
0.28
0.26
0.24 0.30
0.22
0.20
0.25

0.20
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 31

 Structurally Glazed Chart (Insulating Spacer) - SI Units
Vision Area
7.50

7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.50

4.00

3.50

COG
U-factor
3.00
2.73
2.61
2.50
2.39
2.27 2.50
2.16
2.05
1.93
1.82 2.00
1.71
1.59
1.48
1.37
1.25 1.50
1.14

1.00
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 32

 Structurally Glazed Chart (Insulating Spacer)
Vision Area
1.30

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

System U-factor (Btu/h·ft·°F)

2
0.85

0.80

0.75

0.70

0.65

0.60
COG
0.55
U-factor
0.48 0.50
0.46
0.44
0.42 0.45
0.40
0.38
0.36 0.40
0.34
0.32 0.35
0.30
0.28
0.26 0.30
0.24
0.22
0.20 0.25

0.20
95

90

85

80

75

70

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 33

A2.2 Spandrel Area

The U-factor is dependent upon the spandrel area to frame area ratio, the R-value of the insulation and the framing type. The
following charts are based on the typical R-values for the spandrel insulation of 2, 3, 4, 5, 11, 15, 19 and 30 (ft2·h·F)/Btu [0.35, 0.53,
0.70, 0.88, 1.94, 2.64, 3.34 and 5.28 (m2·C)/W]. Interpolation is permitted for other R-values. The framing U-factors are based on
values given in Section A1.0 for an aluminum spacer. In these charts, it is assumed that spandrel insulation does not cover the
framing members. For the case where the spandrel insulation covers the sides and back of the framing members, the full R-value for
the insulation shall be applied to the entire spandrel area.

Non-Thermal Chart - SI Units

Spandrel Area
7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

4.50

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.00
Spandrel
R-Value
0.35
3.50

3.00

0.53
2.50

0.70

2.00
0.88

1.50
1.94

3.34
5.28 1.00

0.50
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 34

 Non-Thermal Chart
Spandrel Area
1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

System U-factor (Btu/hr·ft·°F)

0.80

2
0.75

Spandrel 0.70
R-Value
0.65
2.00
0.60

0.55

0.50
3.00
0.45

0.40
4.00

0.35
5.00

0.30

0.25
11.00
15.00
19.00 0.20
30.00
0.15

0.10
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 35

 Thermally Improved Chart - SI Units
Spandrel Area
7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

4.50

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.00

Spandrel
U-factor
3.50
0.35

3.00

0.53 2.50

0.70
2.00
0.88

1.50

1.94

3.34 1.00
5.28

0.50
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 36

 Thermally Improved Chart
Spandrel Area

1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

System U-factor (Btu/hr·ft·°F)

0.80

2
0.75

0.70
Spandrel
R-Value 0.65

2.00 0.60

0.55

0.50

3.00 0.45

0.40
4.00
0.35
5.00
0.30

0.25
11.00
15.00
0.20
19.00
30.00 0.15

0.10
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 37

 Thermally Broken Chart - SI Units
Spandrel Area
7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

4.50

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.00

Spandrel 3.50
R-Value
0.35

3.00

2.50
0.53

2.00
0.70

0.88
1.50

1.94 1.00

3.34
5.28
0.50
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 38

 Thermally Broken Chart
Spandrel Area
1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

System U-factor (Btu/hr·ft·°F)

0.80

2
0.75

0.70

0.65
Spandrel
R-Value 0.60
2.00
0.55

0.50

0.45

3.00 0.40

0.35
4.00
0.30
5.00
0.25

0.20
11.00
15.00
19.00
0.15
30.00
0.10
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 39

 Structurally Glazed Chart - SI Units
Spandrel Area
7.00

6.50

6.00

5.50

5.00

4.50

System U-factor (W/m ·°C)

2
4.00

3.50
Spandrel
R-Value
0.35
3.00

2.50

0.53
2.00

0.70

0.88
1.50

1.00
1.94

3.34
5.28
0.50
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 40

 Structurally Glazed Chart
Spandrel Area
1.25

1.20

1.15

1.10

1.05

1.00

0.95

0.90

0.85

System U-factor (Btu/hr·ft·°F)

0.80

2
0.75

0.70

0.65
Spandrel
R-Value 0.60

0.55
2.00

0.50

0.45

0.40
3.00
0.35

4.00 0.30

5.00 0.25

0.20

11.00 0.15
15.00
19.00
30.00 0.10
95

90

85

80

75

70

Spandrel Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 41

A3.0 DETERMINATION OF SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC) AND VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE (VT)

A3.1 SOLAR HEAT GAIN COEFFICIENT (SHGC)

SHGC is applicable to all products except for spandrels. SHGC is dependent upon the glazing to frame ratio and the glazing type.
The following chart is based on a medium–gray, non-thermal aluminum framing system with center-of-glass SHGC ranging from
0.05 to 0.75 in 0.05 increments. The frame absorbance is assumed to be 0.5 and the outside coefficient is 3.9 Btu/ft2·h·F [22.15
W/m2·C]. Any dividers shall be considered as part of the frame area when determining SHGC. The normal incidence SHGC for
each glazing option has been determined between 70% vision area and 95% vision area using computer simulation. For a given glass
type, the relationship between SHGC and percent of vision area is linear and is represented by the following equation:

SHGC = Intercept + Slope x (percentage of vision area)

This chart slightly overstates the SHGC for non-metallic framing materials such as wood, vinyl or aluminum with a thermal barrier.
The color of the framing system has an insignificant affect on the overall SHGC.

System SHGC vs. Percentage of Vision Area

System SHGC

Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 42

A3.2 VISIBLE TRANSMITTANCE (VT)

VT is applicable to all products except for spandrels. VT is dependent upon the glazing to frame ratio and the glazing type. The
following chart is based on center-of-glass visible transmittance ranging from 0.05 to 0.75 in 0.05 increments. Any dividers shall be
considered as part of the frame area when determining VT. The normal incidence VT for each glazing option has been determined
between 70% vision area and 95% vision area using computer simulation. For a given glass type, the relationship between VT and
percent of vision area is linear and is represented by the following equation.

VT = Intercept + Slope x (percentage of vision area)

System VT vs. Percentage of Vision Area

System VT
Vision Area / Total Area (%)

AAMA 507-15 Page 43

APPENDIX B: RELATED FENESTRATION PERFORMANCE INDICES
AIR LEAKAGE: See ASTM E283, “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows,
Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen.”

CONDENSATION RESISTANCE FACTOR (CRF): See AAMA 1503, “Voluntary Test Method for Thermal Transmittance and
Condensation Resistance of Windows, Doors and Glazed Wall Sections.”

AAMA 507-15 Page 44

 Changes from AAMA 507-12 to AAMA 507-15
- Various editorial changes were made

AAMA 507-15 Page 46

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