#1247R

304 PCS

INVENTING CAN BE LEARNED 40 MODELS

TO BUILD
 Table of Content
Important Information 02
Preface: Introduction of S4A 03
Preparations (contains: software & hardware) 05
Kit Content 11
Lesson 1: Spur Gear Transmission 13
Lesson 2: Gear and Gear Rack 15
Lesson 3: Bevel Gear Transmission 17
Lesson 4: Planetary Gear Transmission 19
Lesson 5: Pulley Transmission 21
Lesson 6: Application of Pulley 24
Lesson 7: Chain Gear Transmission 26
Lesson 8: Application of a Chain Gear 28
Lesson 9: Seesaw 31
Lesson 10: Seesaw- Applying Linkages 33
Lesson 11: 2-Wheel Drive Car 35
Lesson 12: 4-Wheel Drive Car 38
Lesson 13: Tricycle Bike 41
Lesson 14: Reaper 44
Lesson 15: Research Submarine 47
Lesson 16: Whale 50
Lesson 17: Propeller-driven Plane 53
Lesson 18: Flying Birds 56
Lesson 19: Walkerbot-Gears-Driven 59
Lesson 20: Walkerbot-Connecting Rod Assembly 62
Lesson 21: Firefly Larvae 65
Lesson 22: Firefly 69
Lesson 23: Rescue Helicopter 73
Lesson 24: Truck 77
Lesson 25: Engineer Truck 81
Lesson 26: Railway Crossing 83
Lesson 27: Paking Lot 87
Lesson 28: Scissors Lifter 90
Lesson 29: Automatic Door 92
Lesson 30: Adjustable Platform 94
Lesson 31: Cuckoo Clock 96
Lesson 32: Batter 102
Lesson 33: Soccer Gate Keeper 104
Lesson 34: Automatic Door 106
Lesson 35: Lift-Open Garage Doors 110
Lesson 36: Pie-throwing Machine 114
Lesson 37: Remote Controlled Can Pickup Car 116
Lesson 38: Smart Obstacle Car 120
Lesson 39: Cannon 123
Lesson 40: Robotic Arm 129
1
IMPORTANT INFORMATION
Dear Parents and Supervising Adults
This experiment kit will introduce your child to the exciting world of electronic circuit,mechanical
structure,transmission principle,and the application of various sensors in a fun and simple way. Please
be available to provide your child with help, advice, and support. Tell your child to read all the relevant
instructions and safety information, and to keep these materials on hand for reference. Be sure to stress
the importance of following all the rules and information when performing the experiments.

Safety Information

WARNING! Only for use by children aged 10 years and older. Instructions for parents or other
supervising adults are included and have to be observed. Keep the packaging and instructions as they
contain important information.

WARNING! Not suitable for children under 3 years.

Choking hazard— small parts, small ball may be swallowed or inhaled.

Safety for Experiments with Batteries

˙ To operate the models, you will need six AA batteries (1.5-volt, type AA/LR6) or six AA rechargeable
batteries (1.2-volt, type AA, HR6/KR6), which could not be included in the kit due to their limited shelf
life.
˙ The supply terminals are not to be short-circuited. A short circuit can cause the wires to overheat and
the batteries to explode.
˙ Different types of batteries or new and used batteries are not to be mixed.
˙ Do not mix old and new batteries.
˙ Do not mix alkaline, standard (carbon-zinc), or rechargeable (nickel-cadmium) batteries.
˙ Batteries are only assembled by an adult.
˙ Non-rechargeable batteries are not to be recharged. They could explode!
˙ Never perform experiments using household current! The wires are not to be inserted into socket-
outlets. The high voltage can be extremely dangerous or fatal!
˙ Batteries are to be inserted with the correct polarity. Press them gently into the battery compartment.
˙ Always close the battery compartment with the lid.
˙ Avoid deforming the batteries.
˙ Rechargeable batteries are to be removed from the toy before being charged.
˙ Exhausted batteries are to be removed from the toy.
˙ Be sure not to bring batteries into contact with coins, keys, or other metal objects.

ATTENTION:
Improper use of the battery may create a risk of electrical leakage, this may cause damage to the
surrounding environment of the battery, the possibility of fire and personal injury.

2
 Preparations

Preface: Introduction of S4A

Why learn programming languages?
In this digital age we cannot get away from computers. Every single device or piece of equipment, such
as garage doors, air conditioners, refrigerators, televisions and other smart appliances, must be controlled
by digital computers. This goes for the mobile phones that we carry with us. More and more people shop
on the Internet, and soon we may see self-driving cars on the road. Our lives will inevitably become more
and more digitised, and countless products will be related to or will need to be driven by computers (the
Internet). Therefore, in this digital age everyone needs to learn how to communicate with computers.

What is “programme design”?

Programme design is a language we use to communicate with computers, just like how we learn a foreign
language to speak with people from other countries. Once you learn programme design, you can issue
commands to computers and allow them to serve you without being limited by other people’s designs.
The importance and urgency of learning programming languages has caused many Western countries to
begin aggressively promoting education with programme design, integrating it into elementary and middle
school as a mandatory subject. Taiwan’s Ministry of Education will integrate ‘programming languages’ into
the core curriculum of middle school students in 2018 so that students can keep up with global trends.
Some people might question this move and feel that it puts too much emphasis on science and
technology. However, the goals of learning about programming education are:
1. The hope of promoting future students who have the ability to communicate with computers.
2. To develop logical thinking and problem solving skills through learning programme design.
3. Learn the methods of innovation and expression through technology.

Once we understand the importance and goals of learning programme design, we will want to introduce a
language that beginners can easily master – S4A.

What is S4A?
S4A, or Scratch for Arduino is an edited version of Scratch. Programming languages are written in
English, which limits the target audience. Thus, a Spanish organisation, Citilab, saw that Scratch was
successful and rewrote the open source software Scratch, naming it S4A (Scratch for Arduino). Simply
put, S4A is a method to drag and drop blocks to control Arduino. This greatly reduces the barrier of entry
so that even children who are not proficient in English can use their own ideas to control their models
using Arduino. Scratch users can further extend their creativity to tangible interactive technology devices.
This method is a great boon for elementary and middle school education as students no longer need
professional programming knowledge to complete their own Arduino interactive device.
Let’s further delve into explaining what Scratch and Arduino are.

3
 Preparations

About Scratch
Scratch is a simplified programme design tool designed by the MIT Media Lab. It is a form of programme
design that piles ‘blocks’ and forgoes the use of difficult programmes. Using Scratch, children can learn
the important basic concepts or program design. They can use Scratch to create digital masterpieces
such as stories, animation, games or music. It provides a graphical interface that allows programmes to
be written by dragging and dropping blocks to create moving pieces.

About Arduino
Arduino is open source hardware and a micro-controller circuit board. This board allows the installation
of motors, LED lights, switches and various types of sensors such as optical, thermal or sound sensors.
As it can support different sensors, they can be combined with Gigo blocks to create models that can
move according to your ideas. Arduino has a low barrier of entry and a simple understanding of mechanic
principles, and some creativity can create unique S4A interactive models.
As S4A (Scratch for Arduino) is a software programme based on Scratch, it has all of the software’s
functions. We can use Arduino to adjust voltage into a parameter for input into Scratch and control the
interaction of characters on the screen and control the external motors or sensors. This way, students can
create their own effects in man-machine interactions.

4
 Preparations

How to download S4A

1. Connect to S4A’s official website http://s4a.cat, As shown in Fig.1

Fig.1

2. Click on downlads, under installing S4A into your computer, Download and install the one that fits your
configuration. As shown in Fig. 2

Fig.2

5
 Preparations

3. Double-click S4A to start the installation program, and then click the next button. As shown in Fig. 3

Fig.3

4. The installer displays S4A's license agreement and copyright notice and selects it "I accept the
agreement" , and then click the next button. As shown in Fig. 4

Fig.4

5. Installer prompts to choose the installation path of S4A, here select the default installation, and then
click the next button. As shown in Fig. 5

Fig.5

6
 Preparations

6. The installer prompts you to set up the Start menu and and press the next button. As shown in Fig. 6

Fig.6

7. The program prompts you to create a desktop icon, select "yes" and press the next button. Finally, click
the "install" button, wait for the installer to copy the file, the "finish"button indicates that the installation was
successful. As shown in Fig. 7~10. After the installation, S4 A shows on the desktop icon is

Fig.7 Fig.8

Fig.9 Fig.10

7
 Preparations

S4A Software Interface Instructions

Click “S4A” on your desktop or Start menu to launch S4A. The default interface is as shown in the Fig. 11.
Block Descriptions: There are eight categories in S4A block descritions which include Motion, Looks,
Sound, Pen, Control, Sensing, Operators, and Variables.
Blocks Palette: Provides blocks for script editing. Drag the desired blocks to the scripts area to form
various types of scripts.
Scripts Area: This area is for editing scripts. Drag blocks in, snap them together into scripts.
Stage Area: Aside from detecting board status, this area can present the visual effects of scripts.
Sprite Area: This displays the various sprite or objects in the script.
Stage Area

Block
Descriptions

Blocks
Palette

Fig.11
Scripts Area Sprite Area

Default Language: Image: Click on “Language Settings”

and select the desired language for the S4A interface.
The default after installation is English.

8
 Preparations

Hardware Introduction
Gigo Maker Control Box (see diagram) has an integrated main board that
can be combined with the Gigo basic board for expansion to provide LED
lights, buzzer, microphone, variable resistor, buttons, and digital/analog input/
output ports that can be linked to PC via MicroUSB. Aside from the board’s Light Sensor
Detects external changes in
DC power supply, the expansion board has another DC power input port. lighting and can be applied to
detect brightness.
Buzzer
LED
Gigo DC Motor X2
Analog

IR Sensor
Detects changes in distance
Reset and can be applied to detect
Digital Signal Port X 6 obstacles.

I2C Signal Port X2

Button X3

Variable Resistor
Gigo Base Shield Continuous Rotation
DC Input Servo Motor
(DC 4.5~12V)
MicroUSB (to PC) DC Input
(DC4.5~12V)

o
180 Servo Motor

Connect to PC via USB

(1) Click on S4A on the desktop or in the Start menu to
launch the S4A program.

(2) Use the supplied USB cable and connect the “Gigo
Maker Control Box” to the USB port on your PC.

(3) Connect the DC power supply to the “Gigo Maker

Control Box” and turn it on.

(4) The “Stage” in the S4A software will begin reading

(see image) while it is detecting the board. If it is not
jumping or does not display “Searching board”, please
ensure that your USB is connected properly or unplug
the USB and reconnect for detection.

9
 Preparations

Gigo Maker Control Box Corresponds to S4A

LED (yellow) LED (green)
D13 D11

LED (red)
D10

Servo Motor D4

Servo Motor D7 Buzzer

A9
Analog Signal A3
Servo Motor
D8
Analog Signal A4

Button1
D2

Button3
A5
Microphone
A2
Variable Resistor Button2
A0 A1

Species Pin Species Pin

Variable resistor A0 Microphone A2

Button1 D2 Servo Motor D4/ D7/ D8

Button2 A1 Buzzer A9

Button3 A5 LED (red) D10

Analog Signal A3 LED (green) D11

Analog Signal A4 LED (yellow) D13

10
 KIT CONTENTS
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

x40 x10 x11 x4 x4 x2 x8 x2 x2

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

x2 x4 x4 x2 x8 x6 x3 x6 x4

19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

x4 x4 x6 x4 x2 x4 x4 x2 x6

28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

x6 x2 x1 x4 x2 x2 x2 x1 x4

37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45

x1 x3 x3 x1 x4 x4 x8 x2 x1

46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

x1 x1 x2 x2 x3 x1 x4 x4 x44

55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63

x2 x2 x1 x1 x2 x2 x2 x1 x1

64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81

x1 x1 x1 x1 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1
11
Checklist: Find-Inspect-Check off
No. Description Item No. Qty. No. Description Item No. Qty.

1 C-SHORT PEG 7344-W10-C2B 40 42 C-20T GEAR 7026-W10-D2R 4

2 C-LONG PEG 7061-W10-C1R 10 43 C-40T GEAR 7346-W10-C1B 8
3 C-AXLE CONNECTOR 1156-W10-A1R 11 44 C-60T GEAR 7026-W10-W5Y 2
4 C-AXLE 7026-W10-H1R 4 45 C-80T GEAR 7328-W10-G2O 1
5 C-CAM CONNECTOR 7026-W10-J3R 4 46 C-10T CHAIN GEAR 3569-W10-D2S 1
6 C-TWO-IN-ONE CONVERTER 7061-W10-G1W 2 47 C-30T CHAIN GEAR 3569-W10-C1S 1
7 C-SHORT BUTTON FIXER 7061-W10-E1W 8 48 C-OD23 PULLEY 7344-W10-N3S 2
8 C-30mm OD8 TUBE 7400-W10-G1D 2 49 C-OD33 PULLEY 7344-W10-N2S 2
9 C-HINGE 7061-W85-F1W 2 7026-W10-L2W
50 C-ROD CONNECTOR 3
10 C-BASE GRID CONNECTOR 7026-W10-I1S 2 7344-W10-A1W 1
51 C-WORM GEAR
11 C-LATERAL CONVERTER 7061-W10-J1W 4
52 C-RACING TIRE 1115-W85-F2S 4
12 C-FRONT CONVERTER 7061-W10-J2W 4
53 C-70mm RUBBER BAND R10-02 4
13 C-50mm RACK 7061-W10-T1D 2
54 C-CHAIN 3569-W10-B1D 44
14 C-BENDED ROD-WHITE 7061-W10-V1W 8
55 C-SHELL A LEFT 7392-W10-L1TD 2
15 C-BENDED ROD- GERY 7061-W10-V1S2 6
56 C-SHELL A RIGHT 7392-W10-L2TD 2
16 C-3 HOLE ROD 7026-W10-Q2W 3
57 B-CUBE(WHITE) 880-W10-A1W 1
17 C-3 HOLE ROD FRONT CLOSED 7026-W10-X1W 6
58 B-CUBE(RED) 880-W10-A1R 1
18 C-3 HOLE DUAL ROD 7061-W10-R1W 4
7404-W10-C1W 59 B-CONVEX(WHITE) 880-W10-R1W 2
19 C-3 HOLE ROUND ROD 4
7413-W10-K2W 60 B-CONVEX(RED) 880-W10-R1R 2
20 C-5 HOLE ROD 4
21 C-5 HOLE ROD FRONT CLOSED 7413-W10-K3W 6 61 B-EYE-2 7128-W22-2 2
22 C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD BOTTOM CLOSED 7026-W10-S2W 4 62 B-6 HOLE CUBE WITH PRINTING 7134-W22-4 1
23 C-5 HOLE DUAL ROD 7026-W10-S3W 2 63 B-3 HOLE CUBE 7128-W10-B1B1 1
24 C-7 HOLE ROUND ROD 7404-W10-C2W 4 64 B-COILS WITH STRAP 7128-W10-D5D 1
25 C-7 HOLE PROLATE ROD 7404-W10-C3W 4 65 B-NOSE 7128-W85-D6 1
26 C-9 HOLE DUAL ROD 7407-W10-C1W 2 66 B-LEFT HAND 7128-W10-F1B 1
27 C-11 HOLE ROD 7413-W10-P1W 6 67 B-RIGHT HAND 7128-W10-F2B 1
28 C-13 HOLE CURVED PROLATE ROD 7401-W10-A1W 6 68 B-LEGS 7128-W85-D1W 1
29 C-15 HOLE DUAL ROD 7413-W10-H1W 2 69 C-POLYSTYRENE BALL(40mm) K30#7366-2 1
30 C-150mm RACK 7061-W10-T2D 1 70 B-PEG REMOVER 7061-W10-B1Y 1
31 C-5X5 FRAME 7026-W10-T2W 4 71 P-DIE CUT CARDS K16#1247A 1
32 C-5X10 FRAME 7413-W10-I1W 2 72 P-LEARNING GUIDE PAPER CARDS K16#1247A-1 1
33 C-5x13 DUAL FRAME 7061-W10-U1W 2 73 C-Gigo MAKER CONTROL BOX 1247-W85-A4 1
34 C-BASE GRID 7125-W10-A1S 2 74 C-LIGHT SENSOR 1247-W85-B2 1
35 C-MOTOR AXLE 7026-W10-L1W 1 75 C-IR SENSOR 1247-W85-B1 1
36 C-35mm AXLE Ⅱ 7413-W10-O1D 4 76 C-180° SERVO MOTOR 1247-W85-D1 1
37 C-65mm AXLEⅠ 7416-W10-C1D 1 77 C-CONTINUOUS ROTATION SERVO MOTOR 1247-W85-D2 2
38 C-70mm AXLE Ⅱ 7061-W10-Q1D 3 78 C-BALL ROLLER 1247-W85-C1S 1
39 C-100mm AXLE Ⅱ 7413-W10-L2D 3 79 C-BATTERY HOLDER R34-06 1
40 C-150mm AXLEⅠ 7026-W10-P1D 1
80 C-BATTERY CLIP R34-07 1
41 C-AXLE FIXING 3620-W10-A1D 4
81 C-MICROUSB 2.0 CABLE E30#1247A 1

TIPS AND TRICKS

Here are a few tips for assembling and using the models. Read them carefully before starting.
Hole A

Hole
B
Hole
B

Hole C A B C D
A. Pay attention to the hole alignment! B. Pulling peg off C. Pulling axle off D. Gear wheels
It is very important that you pay close attention to the alignment Using peg remover to pull peg Using peg remover to pull axle The models will often have several gear wheels
of the holes in the gear wheels. Make sure that you insert the off as Fig.B shows. off as Fig.C shows. installed in a row, or gear train. In order for the
cam connector into the correct holes and that the gears are models to work well, these gears will have to
oriented exactly as shown in relation to each other and to the mesh well. Otherwise, the force from one gear
model. Otherwise, the models will not move properly. wheel won’t be properly transferred to the next. 12
 Spur Gear Transmission Lesson 1

Required Parts

1 31 34 36 42 44

x2 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1

50 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Cylindrical gears where the teeth are parallel to the axis are easy to
produce and are one of the most commonly seen gear combinations.
They are used in motors and various axle combinations and widely
used in power transmission. The gear ratios of many gearboxes use
spur gears for the arrangement; different types of cars can be created
according to the desired performance.

In this lesson, we will use simple parts to recreate the principle of

spur gear transmission and attempt to show more examples seen in
everyday life.

(Note: Gigo gears are made by combining spur and bevel gears.)

13
 Lesson 1 Spur Gear Transmission

1 2

4 5-1
Variety 1

6-1 Done

6-2 Done

5-2
Variety 2

Program Example
A

14
 Gear and Gear Rack Lesson 2

Required Parts

1 27 30 31 34 37

x6 x1 x1 x3 x1 x1

43 50 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Racks convert the circular motion of gears into a straight line;

the easiest way to see this effect in action is to convert the to
and fro motion of racks into the circular motion of gears. Their
application is broad and appropriate for devices that require
precise positioning or heavy duty tasks such as heavy load,
large movement, or high rigidity. The grabbing action of a
robotic arm is achieved through the combined efforts of gears
and racks.

In this lesson, we can directly observe the conversion of

motion between gears and racks.

15
 Lesson 2 Gear and Gear Rack

1
2

5 Done

4 A

Program Example
A

16
 Bevel Gear Transmission Lesson 3

Required Parts
1 32 34 36 38 42

x4 x2 x1 x1 x2 x2

43 44 50 70 73 77

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1
79

x1

What's Happening?

The transmission of bevel gears uses teeth carved on cut conical

surfaces for use in transmission when two axes intersect or do not
intersect. The difference is that spur gear uses teeth that mesh
together and therefore produces impact, vibration, and noise resulting
in less stable transmission. Bevel gears have large and small teeth
that mesh together resulting in a stable fit, less impact, less noise,
and a longer lifespan due to reduced wear. Bevel gear transmissions
are often used in speed reducers or high wear environments to
emphasize their advantage.

In this lesson, we will use simple parts to build a model of bevel

gear transmission for comparison with spur gear transmission. Try to
describe the differences between the two.

17
 Lesson 3 Bevel Gear Transmission

1
2

1
2

4
3

Done

Program Example
A

18
 Planetary Gear Transmission Lesson 4

Required Parts
1 8 16 20 29 31 32 34

x2 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1 x2 x1

36 38 43 45 50 62 63 64

x2 x1 x2 x1 x3 x1 x1 x1

65 66 67 68 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Planetary gears are structured with one or many gears that rotate
around a central gear. Their relationships are like planets and stars,
hence the name planetary gears. They are most often used in
decreasing speed, for example the famous planetary gear speed
reducer. We already know the Ancient Greeks used these devices at
an early period, such as the extreme precision device the Antikythera
Machine found in a shipwreck near the island of Antikythera Machine
in Greece during 1901. It was created in 87 B.C. and even today,
many research institutes study it and publish their findings in scientific
journals. Recently one Apple engineer recreated the machine using
unearthed schematics and employed it to precisely calculate the next
solar eclipse.

19
 Lesson 4 Planetary Gear Transmission
1 2
3 4

5
7 9

10 Done A

Program Example
A

20
 Pulley Transmission Lesson 5

Required Parts
5 22 32 34 36 48

x2 x2 x1 x1 x2 x1

49 50 53 70 73 77

x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1
79

x1

What's Happening?

Pulleys are used when the distance between two gears is

larger, so a belt is used to transfer power and rotation; as this
uses the friction between the belt and chain gear to transfer
power, they are far quieter than chains or gear transmissions
due to the elasticity and durability of leather. Therefore, pulleys
are often seen in factory assembly lines or locations that
require item transportation.

When the belt is circular, the rotation direction of both gears

is identical; when the belt is in the shape of an 8, the rotation
direction of both gears is opposite.

21
 Lesson 5 Pulley Transmission

1 2
3

4-1 Variety 1

5-1
6-1

Done

4-2 Variety 2
6-2
5-2

Done

22
 Pulley Transmission Lesson 5

4-3 Variety 3
6-3
5-3

Done

4-4 Variety 4
5-4

6-4

Done

Program Example
A

23
 Lesson 6 Application of Pulley

Required Parts
1 8 20 31 34 38 43 44

x4 x2 x2 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1

49 50 53 62 63 64 65 66

x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

67 68 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Where can pulleys be found? We can find examples at

supermarket checkout counters. When you push a trolley to

the counter and put your items onto a black rubber surface,

that surface will slowly move items to the cashier so they can

pick items up and check them out. This black surface is a

pulleys.

24
 Application of Pulley Lesson 6

3 4
1 2

6
7

5
8

Done

Program Example
A

25
 Lesson 7 Chain Gear Transmission

Required Parts

1 31 34 35 38 46

x4 x3 x1 x1 x1 x1

47 54 70 73 77 79

x1 x42 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

When the axes between two gears are too far apart and gear
transmission is not suitable but the gear ratio (see note) must
absolutely be precise, then a chain gear is needed. Compared with
pulleys, chain gears don’t have a belt that slips and maintain stable
gear ratios that aren’t easily affected by hot or cold temperatures and
have a longer lifespan. Even if they are damaged, they are easy to
replace.

Note: With gear ratios, the teeth on a larger gear are divided by the
teeth of a smaller gear. Higher gear ratios generate more torque and
rotate more slowly; lower gear ratios generate little torque and rotate
faster.

26
 Chain Gear Transmission Lesson 7

1
3 4-1 Variety 1

4-2 Variety 2
5-1 A

6-1 Done

X42

5-2 A

X42 6-2 Done

Program Example
A

27
 Lesson 8 Application of a Chain Gear

Required Parts
1 2 3 19 27 29 31 33

x5 x2 x2 x2 x1 x2 x4 x2

34 35 40 46 47 50 54 62

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x3 x38 x1

63 64 65 66 67 68 70 73

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

76 79

x1 x1

What's Happening?

There are many types of chain gears, including lifting sprockets,

conveyor sprockets, and power transmission sprockets.

The model used in this lesson is a power transmission sprocket. It is

a block sprocket that is assembled using chunks of steel and because
it’s less costly, it’s commonly seen in bicycles, cars, or in small
factories and workshops. This lesson’s model will show you how power
transmission sprockets use motors to power the swaying motion,
similar to a swing.

28
 Application of a Chain Gear Lesson 8

1 4
X2
3

5 X2
2

29
 Lesson 8 Application of a Chain Gear

7
8

10
9 9

X38 X38

Done

Program Example
180°
servomotor

30
 Seesaw Lesson 9

Required Parts
2 8 20 29 31 32 34

x2 x2 x2 x1 x3 x1 x1

35 50 62 63 64 65 66

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

67 68 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

The principle of seesaws is basically the principle of the lever.

It uses the relationship between a point and a fulcrum to

maintain balance or lift heavy objects. This principle was first

used in ancient Egypt, where Egyptians used this principle to

build their magnificent structures.

This lesson uses the to and fro mechanism or motors to create

the seesaw phenomenon.

31
 Lesson 9 Seesaw

2
1
3

4
5 Done

Program Example

32
 Seesaw- Applying Linkages Lesson 10

Required Parts
1 2 3 8 20 23 29 31

x2 x2 x5 x2 x3 x2 x2 x3

32 34 38 50 62 63 64 65

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

66 67 68 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Machines are formed by strong and rigid parts; these rigid

parts will have at least two or more pivots that connect them
to produce motion, and these are called “linkages”. These
mechanisms are used in countless machines. For example:
the wheels of traditional trains use connecting rods to put the
train into motion.

This lesson corresponds to the previous seesaw lesson but

adds the concept of “linkages”. Think about it, what other
concepts can be applied?

33
 Lesson 10 Seesaw- Applying Linkages

1 4

3 5

Done

Program Example

34
 2-Wheel Drive Car Lesson 11

Required Parts
1 16 20 21 31 32

x14 x2 x1 x4 x4 x2

36 39 42 43 52 70

x1 x2 x1 x1 x4 x1
73 77 79

x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Two-wheel drive is separated into front or rear wheel drive.

Modern cars mostly use front-wheel drive since it’s easy
to control, has good traction, saves gas, and can maintain
balance when hit with horizontal winds.

Rear-wheel drive is mostly used in race cars and by some

older car manufacturers, such as BMW. Rear-wheel drive can
increase the acceleration performance of cars. Also, it should
be mentioned that the earliest cars were all mainly rear-wheel
drive.

35
 Lesson 11 2-Wheel Drive Car

1
2
3
3

5
4

36
 2-Wheel Drive Car Lesson 11

7
8

Done

Program Example
A

37
 Lesson 12 4-Wheel Drive Car

Required Parts
1 16 20 21 31 32

x16 x2 x1 x5 x4 x2

36 39 42 43 52 70

x1 x3 x4 x1 x4 x1
73 77 79

x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Four-wheel drive cars have better traction and control

compared with two-wheel drive cars. Many vehicles used for

transportation are four-wheel drive, such as: pickup trucks and

trucks. Due to their control and traction, many rally race cars

also use four-wheel drive transmission systems; the amazing

performance of four-wheel drive transmissions shines on poor

road conditions.

38
 4-Wheel Drive Car Lesson 12

3
1

2
4

39
 Lesson 12 4-Wheel Drive Car

Please adjust the gear meshing position

toward the direction of the arrow.

Done

Program Example
A

40
 Tricycle Bike Lesson 13

Required Parts
1 2 14 16 20 21 23

x16 x2 x4 x2 x1 x5 x2

27 31 32 36 39 42 43

3
x1 x4 x2 x2 x2 x3 x1

44 50 52 70 73 77 79

x1 x2 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Tricycles aren’t only like the old images of our memory, but
many modern motorcycles and cars are built like tricycles.
For instance, there are tricycle fire engine. Large fire engine
cannot enter small urban alleys, so that’s when these smaller
tricycle fire engine are used to put out fires in a race against
time.

Try using the tricycle in this lesson to build a tricycle fire

engine!

41
 Lesson 13 Tricycle Bike

1
2

3
4

42
 Tricycle Bike Lesson 13

6 7

8 9

Done

Program Example
A

43
 Lesson 14 Reaper

Required Parts
1 15 16 20 21 22 31 32

x16 x4 x2 x1 x5 x2 x4 x2

36 38 39 42 43 48 49 50

x1 x1 x3 x4 x1 x1 x1 x2

52 53 70 73 77 79

x4 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

The principle used in the reaper can be seen in everyday life.

It is a piece of equipment we use in everyday life with the
following characteristics: the equipment has basic functions
but some additional functions that can satisfy the different
needs of users; the design is very simple, which is why it is
broadly applied in the market. It is simple and safe to use,
highly efficient at its job, and has the features of having
anti-erosion, anti-wear, and anti-aging properties that allows it
to save on repair costs; it’s very simple to use for long periods
of time.

44
 Reaper Lesson 14

3
1

5
6
7

45
 Lesson 14 Reaper

Please adjust the gear meshing

8
position toward the direction of
the arrow.

9
10

Done

Program Example
A

46
 Research Submarine Lesson 15

Required Parts
1 2 7 9 14 15 16 17

x16 x4 x4 x2 x3 x4 x2 x4

18 22 31 32 37 43 46 50

x2 x1 x4 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1

60 61 70 71 73 77 79

x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

The deep ocean is a difficult place for humans to explore. Since ancient
times, human research on the ocean was done using mythical legends
or observations until submarines were invented; that’s when ocean
research truly began development. On January 23, 1960 Americans
Pickard and Walsh rode Trieste-2 into the Mariana Trench in the Pacific
Ocean and descended to a depth of 10,916 metres, setting the world
record for the deepest dive of a manned submarine. The world record
for the deepest dive by an unmanned submarine was Japan’s Kaiko,
which descended to a depth of 10,970 metres in the Mariana Trench.

47
 Lesson 15 Research Submarine

1 X2
2

3
5
4

7
6

1-3

8
9
1-2

48
 Research Submarine Lesson 15

10 13
1-5

11
1-1

14

12
A

Done

Program Example
A

49
 Lesson 16 Whale

Required Parts
1 3 4 5 7 14 15 17

x8 x3 x1 x1 x6 x8 x2 x1

19 20 24 31 32 36 42 43

x1 x1 x2 x2 x2 x1 x1 x1

50 61 70 71 73 77 79

x1 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Whales are mammals that live in the ocean; the blue whale

is the world’s largest mammal. Whales are categorized as

toothed and baleen. Baleen whales hunt by opening their

mouths and swallowing the ocean, then using their bristles to

keep food in their mouths. Furthermore, whales are masterful

singers and love music. Their songs are systematic, have

musical scales, and rhythm! A record company

once released an album of whale songs!

50
 Whale Lesson 16

2
1 X2

5
7
6

2-6

holes
B

9
51
 Lesson 16 Whale

2-5

11

10

2-8

13 Done

12

2-7

Program Example
A

52
 Propeller-driven Plane Lesson 17

Required Parts
1 2 4 5 7 14 17 20

x8 x2 x2 x2 x6 x4 x4 x1

21 22 23 24 31 32 33 35

x2 x2 x2 x2 x4 x2 x2 x1

38 41 43 48 49 50 53 70

x3 x1 x4 x2 x2 x2 x2 x1

71 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Almost all planes in World War II were propeller-driven planes. Even

today, they play a very important role; this is especially true with low
altitude flights at lower speeds. They are mostly used in short flights.

Furthermore, many people seem to think that propeller planes use

rotating blades to suck air in and expel it backwards to use the air’s
reactionary force to pull the plane forward in flight. This is incorrect.
Propellers rotate quickly to produce pull that drags the plane forward in
flight. This is the correct explanation of the way they work.

53
 Lesson 17 Propeller-driven Plane

1 2 X2 3

1-6

holes B

5
2-2

4
2-1

6
1-4

2-3

2-4
54
 Propeller-driven Plane Lesson 17

rubber band

10
8 X2

9 X2

A
12 Done

11

rubber band---top view

Program Example
A

55
 Lesson 18 Flying Birds

Required Parts
1 3 4 5 7 9 16 18

x12 x4 x1 x2 x4 x2 x1 x2

19 20 22 23 24 27 31 35

x1 x2 x4 x1 x1 x3 x1 x1

36 42 43 57 60 61 70 71

x1 x2 x2 x1 x1 x2 x1 x1

73 77 79

x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Birds are a modern branch of dinosaur evolution. The earliest bird is

the archaeopteryx, which lived in the Jurassic period;it is the earliest
known species of bird. The secret of bird flight has been the goal of
many scientists. Although the sky is owned by aircraft – ergo humans:
“Bird can still do some amazing things. They can accelerate from 0 ~
64 km/h in mere seconds or land on a moving branch; these are things
that human technology cannot currently achieve. ” Therefore, bird flight
is far more complicated than we imagine.

56
 Flying Birds Lesson 18

1 X2 2
3

Meshing two gears

Let the holes A symmetrically
5

Insert the holes A

57
 Lesson 18 Flying Birds

6 7

3-2 9 Done
3-3

3-1

Program Example
A

58
 Walkerbot-Gears-Driven Lesson 19

Required Parts
1 3 5 6 20 27

x2 x4 x2 x2 x3 x6

33 36 38 41 42 43

x2 x1 x1 x4 x1 x3
50 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Where can we see the application of the principles of linage?

The windscreen wipers on cars are an example. One wiper

moves the other to clean or remove water from the windshield.

The steering system on cars also uses the principle of linage.

When we want to turn a car, we rotate the steering wheel

causing the wheels to turn and the car to successfully turn.

59
 Lesson 19 Walkerbot-Gears-Driven

2
1

4 B

3
B

6
5 X4

hole B

60
 Walkerbot-Gears-Driven Lesson 19

hole B

10 Done

Program Example
A

61
 Lesson 20 Walkerbot-Connecting Rod Assembly

Required Parts
1 3 4 5 17 19 27

x8 x8 x4 x4 x4 x4 x4

31 32 35 37 41 42 43

x2 x2 x1 x1 x4 x2 x6

50 70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Currently, these walking robots are the subject of much

research in the subject of much research in technologically

advanced countries. The U.S. military uses the “dog” robot

developed by Boston Dynamics to transport resources on the

battlefield. It can’t be knocked over, even if kicked, and can

quickly run through wet or steep areas; it is a next-generation

invention.

62
Walkerbot-Connecting Rod Assembly Lesson 20

4
3

6
5

7
8 X4

63
 Lesson 20 Walkerbot-Connecting Rod Assembly

10
9

hole hole
B B

hole hole 11
B B

Done

Program Example
A

64
 Firefly Larvae Lesson 21

Required Parts
1 2 3 4 11 12 14 15

x13 x2 x6 x1 x2 x4 x6 x6

16 17 19 20 24 25 27 29

x1 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2

31 35 38 42 50 55 56 61

x1 x1 x1 x3 x2 x2 x2 x2

70 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Fireflies have a very long larval period lasting 10 months, but only
live about 20 days as adults. Firefly larvae have long and flat bodies
and aside from retractable tentacles on their head, two single eyes,
and others, the most striking part of their appearance is their dark
brown needle-shaped chin. They crawl like caterpillars and when they
encounter danger, they retract their heads into their chests. Depending
on their environment, they can be terrestrial, aquatic, or semi-aquatic.

65
 Lesson 21 Firefly Larvae

1
2

66
 Firefly Larvae Lesson 21

5
6

67
 Lesson 21 Firefly Larvae

9
X2

10 Done

Program Example
A

68
 Firefly Lesson 22

Required Parts
1 2 5 6 9 11 14 15

x21 x4 x4 x2 x1 x4 x8 x6

17 18 19 22 24 25 26 28

x1 x2 x3 x1 x3 x3 x2 x4

31 32 35 36 42 43 55 56

x3 x2 x1 x2 x3 x2 x2 x2

61 70 73 74 76 79

x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Fireflies are beautiful and mysterious insects, with more than 2000
types around the world; there are approximately 56 types in Taiwan.
They are coleopteran like ladybugs and go through four stages in
their lifecycle that consists of egg, larvae, pupae, and adult; they are
a metamorphose insect. Usually, fireflies are used as an index of a
habitat as they can only survive in unpolluted environments. If the area
is polluted, fireflies cannot survive. On the other hand, if a polluted
area is cleaned up, whether fireflies appear is an indicator of whether
environmental protection was a success.

69
 Lesson 22 Firefly

A A
1

Let the gear mesh, holes A forward,

3 in the same direction

70
 Firefly Lesson 22

8
7

10
9

11

12

71
 Lesson 22 Firefly

13

B
C

Insert the holes B & C，

Gear meshing, as shown in Fig.

14

15 Done

Program Example

180°
servomotor

72
 Rescue Helicopter Lesson 23

Required Parts

1 2 3 7 10 11 12 14 15 16 17 18

x23 x6 x1 x2 x2 x1 x2 x4 x2 x2 x1 x2

20 21 23 24 27 29 30 31 32 34 35 36

x3 x6 x2 x1 x4 x1 x1 x4 x2 x2 x1 x2

42 43 55 56 70 71 73 75 77 79

x3 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x2 x1

What's Happening?
The earliest helicopter model can be
traced back to bamboo dragonflies; it is
mankind’s earliest concept presentation
of helicopters. Although this concept was
much earlier than airplanes, helicopters
were not invented until 30 years after
airplanes. The difference between the two
is a helicopter has vertical lift, hover, and
moves forward or backward slowly. These
features make helicopters perfect for many
situations. However, when compared with
fixed-wing planes, helicopters are slow,
have higher gas consumption, and
cannot travel as far.

73
 Lesson 23 Rescue Helicopter

3
4
1

2
5

8
9 X2

74
 Rescue Helicopter Lesson 23
1
11
11

10

12

13
3-4

15

14

75
 Lesson 23 Rescue Helicopter

16

17

Done

Program Example
A

76
 Truck Lesson 24

Required Parts
1 2 3 4 15 16 17 19

x31 x2 x4 x1 x2 x1 x2 x2

20 21 22 23 24 26 31 33

x4 x4 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2

34 35 36 40 42 43 44 50

x1 x1 x4 x1 x2 x1 x1 x1

52 55 56 70 73 76 77 79

x4 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

How did humans transport cargo before cars were invented?

We first used human labour, but what if there’s too much cargo
and the distance is too far? Then, humans tamed animals
and used them to transport cargo: cows, horses, camels,
donkeys, and mules are all important helpers in the history
of transportation. Even today, many areas use animals to
transport cargo. Try thinking about which animals are still
highly used in transportation.

77
 Lesson 24 Truck

1
2 3

4
6
5

10
9

78
 Truck Lesson 24

13
12

11 X2

14
18

15

16

19

17

79
 Lesson 24 Truck

20

21

22

180°
servomotor

Done

Program Example
A

180°
servomotor

80
 Engineer Truck Lesson 25

Required Parts

1 2 3 4 12 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

x39 x3 x7 x2 x1 x4 x2 x2 x1 x2 x4 x4 x2 x2 x3

26 29 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 40 42 43 44 50 51

x2 x2 x3 x2 x2 x1 x1 x4 x1 x1 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1

52 55 56 70 73 76 77 79

x4 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x2 x1

What's Happening?

Engineering trucks are heavy

equipment that use hydraulic
pressure for power. There are many
types of engineering trucks across
a wide array of fields such as
agriculture, mining, forestry, military,
civil engineering, architecture, and
public service. Depending on the
task requirements, there are also
fixed, crawler, semi-track, and
wheeled types. Most people are
familiar with excavators, which
use crawlers and wheels to
move.
81
 Lesson 25 Engineer Truck
23
For steps 1 to 22, refer to
24 pages 78 to 80

25
26

29

27

30 Done

28 180°
servomotor

A
B

Program Example
A

180°
servomotor

82
 Railway Crossing Lesson 26

Required Parts
1 2 3 4 7 14 15 16

x28 x4 x2 x1 x4 x8 x2 x1

17 18 19 20 22 23 24 29

x6 x2 x4 x1 x4 x2 x2 x1

31 32 33 34 37 38 42 43

x4 x2 x1 x2 x1 x3 x1 x8

70 71 73 75 76 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

The invention of trains revolutionized transportation for

mankind. A method to avoid accidents was required when this

high-speed iron monster began to roam the lands of humans

and animals, which is why railroad crossings were invented.

They were originally manned by workers who waved red flags

and lights to stop people and let trains pass.

83
 Lesson 26 Railway Crossing

1 2

5-2
4

6
7 11

8
10

5-5

X2
84
 Railway Crossing Lesson 26

12 13
14

5-4

16

15

17

19

18 X2
85
 Lesson 26 Railway Crossing

5-3
23

20 X2
21

22

24 Done

Program Example

180°
servomotor

86
 Paking Lot Lesson 27

Required Parts
1 2 4 6 7 10 14 16

x10 x4 x2 x2 x2 x2 x2 x1

17 18 20 23 29 31 32 33

x3 x2 x1 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1

34 38 43 70 71 73 75 76 79

x2 x1 x4 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

When cars were invented, so were parking lots. Today, parking

lots use technologies such as gates, parking managers,

and time payment. Modern parking lots also use automatic

timers and payment systems, closed circuit surveillance and

recording systems.

Try to list the types of parking lots. What are their differences?

87
 Lesson 27 Paking Lot

1
2
3

6
5

7
8

88
 Paking Lot Lesson 27

10

5-1

11 Done

Program Example

180°
servomotor

89
 Lesson 28 Scissors Lifter

Required Parts

1 3 22 24 34 70

x10 x4 x2 x4 x2 x1

73 77 79

x1 x2 x1

What's Happening?

The surface of this lesson’s model can be tilted, which is

why it’s also called a tilting work station. These work stations

allow workers to work on their items at different angles. This

mechanism is also used in sculpture, especially large pieces

that require these work tables to help the sculptor finish the

piece.

90
 Scissors Lifter Lesson 28

1 2

3 A

B
A

Done

A
Program Example

91
 Lesson 29 Automatic Door

Required Parts
1 3 6 10 11 12 13 16

x15 x9 x1 x2 x1 x1 x1 x2

17 20 21 22 26 27 30 31

x1 x2 x1 x2 x1 x6 x1 x2

34 36 42 43 50 70 73 75

x2 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

77 79

x1 x1

What's Happening?

Automatic doors are automatic because they have infrared sensors;

these sensors are electronic devices that can detect movement based
on the principles of infrared sensors. Infrared light has two modes of
control: one is active infrared sensors, which means the sensors emit
infrared light and when the light is blocked by an object, infrared light
will actively shoot a beam, such as with automatic urinals and faucets
in bathrooms. Passive infrared sensors use a sensor that doesn’t emit
light and when a person or object passes, it can sense them and open
the door.

92
 Automatic Door Lesson 29

1 3

4
2

5 6

Done

Program Example

93
 Lesson 30 Adjustable Platform

Required Parts
1 2 3 11 17 18 19 21

x6 x6 x11 x1 x2 x1 x1 x2

22 26 27 30 31 34 35 39

x4 x1 x6 x1 x2 x2 x1 x2

41 42 50 70 73 77 79

x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

The model in this lesson is an elevating work station.

Hydraulic platforms are multi-functional machinery used in

factories and automatic warehouses for vertical transport.

The elevating platforms are often equipped with conveyor

equipment for use as a connecting device with conveyor lines

at different heights. They are usually driven with hydraulic

pressure, hence the name hydraulic platforms.

94
 Adjustable Platform Lesson 30

1 2 5

1
1
2

3
4

Done

Program Example
A

95
 Lesson 31 Cuckoo Clock

Required Parts

1 2 3 4 6 7 10 16 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

x31 x4 x2 x1 x2 x8 x2 x1 x4 x2 x3 x4 x3 x2 x4

26 27 28 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 39 42 43 44 48

x1 x2 x4 x1 x4 x2 x2 x2 x1 x3 x2 x4 x2 x1 x2

49 50 53 57 58 59 60 61 70 71 73 76 77 79

x2 x3 x2 x1 x1 x2 x2 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Cuckoo clocks originate from the Black

Forest region of Germany and share fame
with Lackschild-Uhr clocks produced in
the same region. They have intricate gear
devices within the clock that cause a
small wooden door at the top of the clock
to open every half hour and a bird comes
out to chirp “cuckoo”; hence, the name
cuckoo clock. The earliest cuckoo clock
appeared between 1730 and 1750. The
clock-making industry in the Black Forest
region was already prosperous at the time
and many families made a living creating
watches. After the 19th century, the
cuckoo clock became a world-famous
souvenir and a representative
cultural symbol of Germany.

96
 Cuckoo Clock Lesson 31

1 2
3

5 6

7 9
8

97
 Lesson 31 Cuckoo Clock

10

11 4-4

12

13

14

4-5

15

98
 Cuckoo Clock Lesson 31

18
16 17

20

19

22

4-2

21

99
 Lesson 31 Cuckoo Clock

1
23 2

24
4-1

25 4-3

26

100
 Cuckoo Clock Lesson 31

27
180°
servomotor

Program Example
180°
servomotor
31

28

33

Done

101
 Lesson 32 Batter

Required Parts
1 14 20 21 27 29

x10 x2 x1 x2 x1 x2

31 32 33 34 69 70

x4 x2 x2 x1 x1 x1
73 75 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

It is said that baseball originated from English cricket. The

first official baseball game was in 1846 between the New
York Knickerbockers and the New York Nine at New Jersey’s
Elysian Stadium. Soon after, the first professional team was
formed, beginning the chapter of professional baseball.
In baseball games, hitting is a very difficult aspect; if you
can achieve 3 hits out of 10 at bat, that is a 30% hit rate and
proof of a strong batter. However, it also signifies 7 failures…
therefore, it can be said that batting is a sport that teaches us
how to face failure.

102
 Batter Lesson 32

1 2
5

Please installs IR Sensor

(black part) as close as possible
to the ground.

4
6

3 ATTENTION: The direction of the

orange dial is shown in the figure above.

8 Done

The IR should be kept at an appropriate

distance so that the IR can be precisely sensed.

Program Example

180°
servomotor

103
 Lesson 33 Soccer Gate Keeper

Required Parts
1 2 3 20 25 27 29 31

x6 x3 x1 x1 x2 x2 x1 x1

32 33 34 62 63 64 65 66

x1 x2 x2 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

67 68 70 73 76 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

The gate keeper is also known as the goalie, and is the last
line of defence in soccer. They are also the only player that
can use their hands to touch the ball (in their own penalty
area). The job of the gatekeeper is to stop opposing players
from kicking the ball into the gatekeeper’s net and stop them
from scoring. Without doubt, the gatekeeper is the most critical
player on the field and has the most pressure. All players can
make mistakes, but the gatekeeper’s mistake can result in
a loss. That is why gatekeepers are often also in leadership
roles.

104
 Soccer Gate Keeper Lesson 33

2
2
1 2 1

4 Done

Program Example
180°
servomotor

105
 Lesson 34 Automatic Door

Required Parts

1 2 4 7 9 10 11 12 13 14 16 17

x22 x5 x1 x8 x2 x2 x3 x1 x2 x2 x1 x1

18 20 21 22 23 24 25 27 29 30 31 32

x2 x1 x6 x4 x2 x1 x4 x3 x1 x1 x3 x2

33 34 37 42 50 62 63 64 65 66 67 68

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1
x2 x2 x1 x2 x1 x1

70 71 73
73 75 77 79
79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?
Automatic doors often work using various
types of sensors to detect whether people
or objects are passing the door. A signal is
then sent to the automatic door’s controller
which then operates the motor; the motor
rotates and a movement mechanism
(belt or linage) operates the automatic
door. The sensor type of automatic doors
includes infrared, radar, sonar, microwave,
and body heat sensors. Currently, infrared
sensors are most commonly seen in
automatic doors.
106
 Automatic Door Lesson 34

3
1

6-3

107 6-1
 Lesson 34 Automatic Door

108
 Automatic Door Lesson 34

11

10 X2
6-4

6-2

12

13 Done

Program Example
A

109
 Lesson 35 Lift-Open Garage Doors

Required Parts
1 2 3 7 10 11 13 14

x10 x5 x7 x4 x2 x2 x2 x2

19 20 24 26 27 32 33 34

x2 x2 x4 x1 x3 x2 x2 x2

36 42 50 70 71 73 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1

What's Happening?

What kind of sparks fly when linked mechanisms are

combined with electrical motors? The answer is lift-open
garage doors. Electric motors have reciprocating mechanisms;
when you press a button, the garage door opens until it stops
and pressing the button again closes the door. This repeated
process is a reciprocating mechanism. Furthermore, garage
is also an earlier style of rock music, but why is it named
garage? It has been said that in the past, bands didn’t have
rooms with good sound proofing for them to practise, so the
garage became a place where they could scream at the top of
their lungs and let loose, hence the name.

110
 Lift-Open Garage Doors Lesson 35

4
5

111
 Lesson 35 Lift-Open Garage Doors

6 7

3 Hanging here

112
 Lift-Open Garage Doors Lesson 35

11

10

13 Done
12

3-5

Program Example
A

113
 Lesson 36 Pie-throwing Machine

Required Parts
1 2 11 21 27 29

x10 x1 x2 x2 x2 x1

31 32 33 45 70 73

x1 x1 x2 x1 x1 x1
76 79

x1 x1

What's Happening?

In the past, there was a popular toy in the U.S. called the
“Pie-face Game” where players took turns spinning a dial and
then placed their head in position while turning the machine
the number of times indicated on the dial. If the number of
rotations reached the machine’s preset value, it triggered a
mechanical arm that threw a pie into the player’s face. When
players are hit, they are usually in shock as other players
laugh at them; that is the fun aspect of this game. The “Pie-face
Game” was released by a toy company in the 1960’s and has
been rediscovered by modern players. This formerly popular
game is once again making waves.

114
 Pie-throwing Machine Lesson 36

1 3

4 5 Done

Program Example
180°
servomotor

115
 Lesson 37 Remote Controlled Can Pickup Car

Required Parts
1 2 4 8 15 17 18 22

x16 x4 x2 x2 x4 x6 x4 x1

25 26 27 31 32 36 42 44

x2 x1 x2 x4 x1 x3 x1 x2

50 52 70 73 76 77 78 79

x2 x2 x1 x1 x1 x2 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Can pickup cars are actually very similar to engineering trucks

with robotic arms. These engineering trucks are usually used

to remove obstacles, move objects, and are usually wheel-

based. This way, they can clean quickly and transport objects

short distances.

116
 Remote Controlled Can Pickup Car Lesson 37

1 X2

3 4

117
 Lesson 37 Remote Controlled Can Pickup Car

118
 Remote Controlled Can Pickup Car Lesson 37

9
10

180°
servomotor
11 Done

Program Example
A

180°
servomotor

119
 Lesson 38 Smart Obstacle Car

Required Parts
1 2 17 20 22 27

x14 x2 x6 x2 x2 x1

31 33 36 50 52 70

x1 x1 x2 x2 x2 x1
73 75 76 77 78 79

x1 x1 x1 x2 x1 x1

What's Happening?

Infrared sensors use infrared light-emitting diodes to produce

directional infrared rays. When infrared rays hit an object,
they reflect so that diode sensors can determine the strength
of light and produce an electrical signal to calculate distance.
Today’s cars often beep when backing up and this is due to
utilizing the principles of smart obstacle cars. When cars back
up and are about to hit a wall, the embedded sensors will
sound an alarm according to the distance so the driver knows
that the car is about to hit the wall.

120
 Smart Obstacle Car Lesson 38

121
 Lesson 38 Smart Obstacle Car

6 Done

180°
Program Example
servomotor

B
A

180°
servomotor

122
 Cannon Lesson 39

Required Parts
1 2 3 12 14 16 17 18

x40 x1 x2 x2 x2 x2 x1 x3

20 21 22 23 24 27 29 31

x4 x2 x4 x2 x4 x4 x2 x4

32 33 35 36 38 42 43 44

x2 x2 x1 x1 x3 x4 x1 x1

45 53 69 70 73 76 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x2 x1

What's Happening?

In the past, long-distance attack weapons were called arrow towers or

simply towers. These wooden towers were created to cover soldiers
in long-distance attacks so they wouldn’t be attacked. These arrow
towers later became the foundations for base camps or castles. When
gunpowder and cannons were invented, these towers were used to
shoot artillery, while also becoming strategic points for controlling areas.
Therefore, the areas around cannons are often viewed as military
grounds and access is restricted for civilians.

123
 Lesson 39 Cannon

1
2

4
3

124
 Cannon Lesson 39

10

11

12

125
 Lesson 39 Cannon

14
13

15

16

18 X2

17

126
 Cannon Lesson 39

19 20

23

21

23

22

rubber band

127
 Lesson 39 Cannon

24
B

180°
servomotor

25 Done

Program Example
A

180°
servomotor

128
 Robotic Arm Lesson 40

Required Parts

1 2 3 6 10 11 12 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

x35 x9 x11 x2 x2 x3 x3 x4 x3 x3 x3 x4 x4 x2 x4

23 24 25 27 28 31 32 33 34 36 37 38 39 42 43

x2 x2 x1 x6 x6 x4 x2 x2 x2 x2 x1 x3 x1 x4 x1

44 45 48 50 51 52 55 56 70 73 76 77 79

x1 x1 x1 x3 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x1 x2 x1

What's Happening?

These robots are modelled

after the human arm and are
the world’s most numerous
and widely used robots. They
are seen in heavy and rough
industries, such as car factories.
They are often responsible for
heavy and dangerous jobs or
sometimes very boring and
simple jobs. Even in outer
space, robotic arms are used
to complete most tasks.

129
 Lesson 40 Robotic Arm

1 2

3
5

130
 Robotic Arm Lesson 40

The gears mesh and are assembled

at the same height.

131
 Lesson 40 Robotic Arm

9 10

Attention to the direction of the

axle and gear assembly.

132
 Robotic Arm Lesson 40

11

12

13

Assembling the axle in the middle,

The red gear place right, as shown.

133
 Lesson 40 Robotic Arm

14

15

134
 Robotic Arm Lesson 40

17
16

18

19

135
 Lesson 40 Robotic Arm

20

21

22

136
 Robotic Arm Lesson 40

23

180°
servomotor

B A

24 Done

Program Example
A

180°
servomotor

137
NOTES

138
MADE IN TAIWAN

R21#1247R