KEN LEE ANN N.

TUBUNGBANUA 09-03-2022
BSBA-OM 1A

ACTIVITY 2.1 (10PTS)

1. USING THE DATA BELOW, PLOT A LINE GRAPH OF YEAR VS. BIRTH RATE WITH THE AID OF
THE COMPUTER.
2. Based on the plotted graph, what can you say about the birth rate?
Increasing or decreasing? Why?

Answer:

Birth Rate is the number of live births per thousand persons in a year.
According to the plotted graph, the birth rate was decreasing. It was
27.5 in 2000, but by 2018 it had declined to 23.4.
There are various factors affecting fertility, including women’s
education and living conditions, urbanization, improved hygiene and
preventive care and economic improvement with better living
conditions. In industrialized nations, the overall fertility rate was
decreasing. Birth control has become more widely available and women
often choose career advancement before motherhood. The number of
women of childbearing age has dropped. Since women live longer than
they did in previous generations, fewer children will die during childhood
or infancy today than would have in previous centuries.
In conclusion, declining of fertility rates or birth rates results from
improvements in health care and medical options, as well as increased
access to education and employment opportunities.
Post-Assessment (10pts)

1. Identify at least three factors that may affect human population

growth or decline. Why do you think these can contribute to
population growth or decline?

Answer:

Human population grows or decline through the interplay of three

factors: births (fertility), deaths (mortality), and migration
(immigration and emigration). Population grows through births and
immigration and shrinks through deaths and emigration.
The major factors responsible for population change are births,
deaths, and migration. As births bring new members into the world;
death is the end of life; and migration is a movement from one place to
another.
When births and immigration exceed deaths and emigration, the
population increases. When the reverse happens, the population
declines. Birth and death rates, as well as migration, triggers the
dramatic expansion of a population.
2. How can age-sex structure of a population define the future of the society?
Please discuss at least two examples.

Answer:

Age-sex structure of a population plays an important role for the development

of any society. The economic and cultural life of a society depends upon the age
and sex structure of its population. The future size and structure of the
population depend on the current age-sex structure of the population. In global
concerns about environmental degradation, climate change and population
growth rates, a better understanding of the age-sex structure and its future
growth will be essential if we are to achieve sustainable development.
The age-sex distribution also conveys the relative numbers of children, young
and old and the balance between men and women at different ages. Such data
can be useful in planning social services such as maternal, child care and elderly
populations. It is also a key component in population studies, as well as in several
branches of social sciences that deal directly or indirectly with the population
variables like social, economic, political, biological, genetic and geographical
sciences.
Indices of the population’s age and sex structure are also used in the system of
indices for assessing the attained level of development of the economic life of
our socialist society. Planning agencies use them to verify the course of
fulfilment of plans, as well as to plan for current and long-term development.