Kurdistan Region Government –

Iraq Duhok Polytechnic University

Technical Engineering College
Energy Engineering Department

SUBJECT:- ENGINEERING MATERIAL

NAME OF EXPRIMENT:- preparation of specimen for
hardness testing

NAME:- {{Abdullah edris salah}}

NAME OF LECTURER:- {{ZUHAIR KURAMARKI}}

GROUP:- B
STAGE:- SECOND

[1]
OBJECT:- The hardness test you choose should be determined by
the microstructure – e.g. the homogeneity – of the material you are
testing, as well as the type of material, the size of the part and its
condition.

In all hardness tests, the material under the indent should be

representative of the whole microstructure (unless you attempting to
ascertain the different constituents in the microstructure). Therefore, if
a microstructure is very coarse and heterogeneous, you need a larger
impression than for a homogeneous material.

There are four main hardness tests, each with their own set of
benefits and requirements. There are different standards for these
tests, which explain the procedures and application of the hardness
test in detail.

When selecting a hardness test method, important considerations

include:

The type of material to be hardness tested

Whether compliance with a standard is required
The approximate hardness of the material
The homogeneity/heterogeneity of the material
The size of the part
Whether mounting is necessary
The number of samples to be tested
The required accuracy of the result

[2]
EQUIPMENT SET-UP:-

ELECTRIC CUTTER

GRINDER POLISHER MACHINE

[3]
ADDITION:-

When we go to the lab we have a cast iron and the iron we cut
and polisher to the electric cutter and we clean the iron for
the electric cutter
We have a iron 1cm wight
We have a iron 1cm long
We have a iron 4cm high

And then we polishing the machine name is a (grinder

polisher machine)

Ane we have a paper in the machen (P100)

We polishing the iron and the end we finishing to the (P100)
We have a paper (P240) and working to with

[4]
PROCEDURE:-

When using the Vickers hardness testing method, it is usually necessary

to prepare the surface of the specimen to be tested, as the specimen
surface quality requirements are significantly stricter than those for the
Rockwell method, in which it is sufficient for the surface to be free of
impurities.

In detail, the specimen to be measured should meet the following

requirements for the Vickers method:
The specimen should be polished (micro hardness testing) or precision-
ground (macro hardness testing).
The specimen should preferably be clamped strongly, so that it cannot
move during the testing process (practical tip: measure with nose cone
resp. with suitable test anvil, fix embedded specimen in a specimen
holder).

In addition, to avoid affecting the test result, care must be taken to

ensure that the test is not disturbed by any shock or vibration (an anti-
vibration table, etc., may be required).

We have a paper of celecon carbide

P(100,180,220,240,400,600,800,1200)

They are use to the grinding polisher machine

The first we use in the (P100) then (P240).

[5]
CALCULATION AND RESULT:-

When we have a piece of cast iron we go to the lab and pulshing

When we polished in the electric cutter we go to the grinder polishing

machine

Then we polishing the iron with the silicon carbide

Then we use a grinder machine we edited the machine we changed a

silicon carbide

Then we changed we have a new silicon carbide

We have a (P100) and (P240)

First we use a (P100) and after we can use a (P240)

Finale we have a clean cast iron

Wight 1cm

Long 1cm

High 4cm

[6]
DISCUSSION:-

HOW DO HARDNESS TESTS WORK?

A hardness test is typically performed by pressing a specifically
dimensioned and loaded object (indenter) into the surface of
the material you are testing. The hardness is determined by
measuring the depth of indenter penetration or by measuring
the size of the impression left by an indenter.

Hardness tests that measure the depth of indenter penetration

include: Rockwell, Instrumented Indentation Testing, and Ball
Indentation Hardness
Hardness tests that measure the size of the impression left by
the indenter include: Vickers, Knoop, and Brinell

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