University of Duhok

Collage of Engineering
Civil Engineering Department

Surveying Practical

Measuring an Object
Height by Measuring
Vertical Angle

STUDENT NAME: Amed Hussam Mohammed Tahir

GROUP : C

Date of Experiment: 2/3/2022

Date of Submitting: 9/3/2022

SUPERVISOR : “ Mr. Ageed ”

 INTRODUCTION

OBJECTIVES

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS

PROCEDURE

calculation and results

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

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INTRODUCTION
A vertical angle is made by an inclined line of sight with the horizontal.
The line of sight may be inclined upwards or downwards from the
horizontal.
Vertical angles are used when determining the heights of points
and to calculate slope corrections .

OBJECTIVES
1- Determining a height of object by measuring vertical
angle. 2- Setting up the Theodolite instrument.

TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS

1. Digital Theodolite
2. Pegs
3. Pegs

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 Pegs Digital Theodolite

Tape

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PROCEDURE
1 . Set up the theodolite at the station from where the vertical angle is
to be measured. Level the instrument with reference to the plate
bubble.

2 . further level the instrument with respect to the altitude level ixed on the
index rm. This bubble is generally more sensitive. The procedure for levelling is
the same. Bring the altitude level parallel to two foot screws and level till the
bubble traverses. Swing through 90 o to centre the bubble again with the
third foot screw. Repeat till the bubble traverses.
3.Swing the telescope to approximately direct the line of sight towards the signal
at
P. Loosen the vertical circle clamp screw and incline the line of sight to
bisect P. Clamp the vertical circle and bisect the signal exactly with the
horizontal cross hair.
4.first read the the angle of highest point of your object .
5.then the lowest point .
6.read face right of same 2 point .
7.The average of these readings gives the value of the angle.
8. we will have 2 angle , and measured distance between our base
point and the object horizontally , so we can measure the height by
using tan equation .

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 calculation and results

instrument
points face left face right reduced F.L reduced F.R mean
station
A 64˚13’ 50” 296˚22’ 30”
P
B 91˚51’ 40” 268˚08’ 20”

P(A) :
Reduced FL =90˚00’ 00” – FL =90˚00’ 00” - 64˚13’ 50” = 25˚46’ 10”

Reduced FR = FR - 270˚00’ 00” = 296˚22’ 30” - 270˚00’ 00” =26˚22’ 30”

𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒1+𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒2

Mean = 2

25˚46’ 10”+ 26˚22’

Mean
30” = = 26˚04’ 20”
2

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 P(B) :
Reduced FL =90˚00’ 00” – FL =90˚00’ 00” - 91˚51’ 40” = -01˚51’ 40”

Reduced FR = FR - 270˚00’ 00” =268˚08’ 20” - 270˚00’ 00” = -01˚51’ 40”

𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒1+𝑣𝑒𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑛𝑔𝑙𝑒2

Mean = 2

01˚51’ 40” + 01˚51’

Mean
40” = = 01˚51’ 40”
2

instrument
points face left face right reduced F.L reduced F.R mean
station
A 64˚13’ 50” 296˚22’ 30” 25˚46’ 10” 26˚22’ 30” 26˚04’ 20”
P
B 91˚51’ 40” 268˚08’ 20” -01˚51’ 40” -01˚51’ 40” -01˚51’ 40”

D= 8.000 m

h1=D tan( 𝛼1) = 8.000 tan( 𝟐𝟔˚𝟎𝟒’ 𝟐𝟎” )= 3.914 m

h2=D tan( 𝛼 2)= 8.000 tan( 𝟎𝟏˚𝟓𝟏’ 𝟒𝟎”)= 0.259 m

The object height = h1 + h2 = 3.914 m + 0.259 m= 4.173 m

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DISCUSSION
In 2/3/2022 we experiment how to measure an object height by measuring
vertical angel by using Theodolite .
At first we selected a point in our college building
from the top of a 3rd floor window to bottom of first floor window.

We selected a bad point , Because we didn't make the top and bottom
point exact in same vertical line .
The selected point was at unknown horizontal distance along top and
bottom of windows .
So then we faced a problem to measure the exact horizontal distance
from Theodolite to bottom of selected point .

During reading the angle Accidentally the tripod

moved , This thing cause some errors in our
reading angle .

Using 8.000 m for distance was a very clear mistake.

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CONCLUSION
In conclusion as the vertical and horizontal angle is the main
using purpose of Theodolite
Then we have some useful application of vertical angle like
today experiment .
This experiment help us to determine the height of an object
like a building that it is hard to measure it by an
instrument .

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