NST 008: National Service Training Program

Student Activity Sheet Lesson #6

Lesson Title: Disaster Risk Reduction Management 1

Lesson At the end of the lesson, the student will be able to:
Objectives: 1. Recognize the significance of understanding disaster risks and how they may
affect one's life; and
2. Understand disaster and hazard concepts.
Materials: Ballpen, Paper & Notebook
References: https://www.dilg.gov.ph/PDF_File/reports_resources/DILG-Resources-2012116-420ac5
9e31.pdf
CONNECT Instructions: In the last five years, list at least five disasters in the Philippines.
1.
Lesson 2.
Overview/Review: 3.
(5 mins.) 4.
5.
COACH What is disaster risk reduction?

Main lesson Historically, dealing with disasters focused on emergency response, but towards
(Content Notes): the end of the 20th century, it was increasingly recognized that disasters are not natural
(even if the associated hazard is) and that it is only by reducing and managing
(15mins.) conditions of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability that we can prevent losses and
alleviate the impacts of disasters. Since we cannot reduce the severity of natural
hazards, the main opportunity for reducing risk lies in reducing vulnerability and
exposure. Reducing these two components of risk requires identifying and reducing the
underlying drivers of risk, which are particularly related to poor economic and urban
development choices and practice, degradation of the environment, poverty and
inequality, and climate change, which create and exacerbate conditions of hazard,
exposure, and vulnerability. Addressing these underlying risk drivers will reduce
disaster risk, lessen the impacts of climate change, and, consequently, maintain the
sustainability of development.
Disaster risk reduction - is the process of protecting the livelihoods and assets of
communities and individuals from the impact of hazards.
The hazards can be natural or human-derived and include earthquakes, floods,
cyclones, droughts, price spikes, conflict, and contagious diseases. DRR limits the
negative impacts of these events by working to reduce their size, strength, or how often
they occur, and building the capacity of the people exposed to these hazards to
anticipate, survive, and recover from them.
Hazard
• Is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity, or condition that may cause
loss of life, injury or other health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihood &
services, social & economic disruption, or environmental damage.
• Could be a potentially damaging phenomenon
• It could be natural or human-induced
Exposure
 NST 008: National Service Training Program
Student Activity Sheet Lesson #6

• The degree to which the elements at risk are likely to experience hazard events of
different magnitude. 
Vulnerability
• Is the characteristics and circumstances of a community, system, or asset that make
it susceptible to the damaging effects of a hazard.
• This may arise from environmental factors
Capacity
• Is the combination of all strengths and resources available within the community,
society, or organization that can reduce the level of risk or effects of a disaster.
Risk
• Is the combination of the Probability of an event to happen and its negative
consequences.

What is Disaster?
• A disaster is a natural or man-made (or technological) hazard resulting in an event of
substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life, or
drastic change to the environment. A disaster can be ostensively defined as any tragic
event stemming from events such as earthquakes, floods, catastrophic accidents, fires,
or explosions. It is a phenomenon that can cause damage to life and property and
destroy the economic, social, and cultural life of people.
• In contemporary academia, disasters are seen as the consequence of
inappropriately managed risk. These risks are the product of a combination of both
 NST 008: National Service Training Program
Student Activity Sheet Lesson #6

hazard/s and vulnerability. Hazards that strike in areas with low vulnerability will never
become disasters, as is the case in uninhabited regions.
Classification of Disaster
Natural Disaster - A natural disaster is a consequence when a natural hazard affects
humans and/or the built environment. Human vulnerability, and lack of appropriate
emergency management, lead to financial, environmental, or human impact. The
resulting loss depends on the capacity of the population to support or resist the
disaster: their resilience. This understanding is concentrated in the formulation:
"disasters occur when hazards meet vulnerability". A natural hazard will hence never
result in a natural disaster in areas without vulnerability.

Man-made or Human Induced Disaster

Man-made disasters are the consequence of technological or human hazards.
Examples include stampedes, fires, transport accidents, industrial accidents, oil spills,
and nuclear explosions/radiation. War and deliberate attacks may also be put in this
category. As with natural hazards, man-made hazards are events that have not
happened, for instance, terrorism. Man-made disasters are examples of specific cases
where man-made hazards have become reality in an event.
Its impact may include loss of life, injury, disease, and other negative effects on human
physical, mental, and social wellbeing, together with damaged properties, destruction
of assets, loss of services and social and economic disruptions, and environmental
degradation.
 NST 008: National Service Training Program
Student Activity Sheet Lesson #6

Skill-building
activities:

(40 mins)

Give a man-made or natural disaster that occurred in your area or that you recently
learned about in the news. Describe the risk of the disaster classification using the
Trigram of Disaster Risk formula. Fill in the details with your answer on the graph
below.

Rubrics of Evaluation:

1. With a clear diagram and explanation of -100

2. No clear diagram with an explanation- 80
3. No diagram and no explanation - 50

CHECK
Instructions: Identify the classification of disaster as well as the disaster risk of a given
Check for disaster situation.
understanding:

(15mins.) DISASTER Classification Of Disaster Disaster Risk

(Natural & Man-Made) (Effects)
Typhoons
Earthquakes
Floods
Volcanic eruptions
Landslides
Fires
Typhoons
 NST 008: National Service Training Program
Student Activity Sheet Lesson #6

Vehicular accident
Chemical leakages
Drought
War Conflict
Tsunami

Lesson What part of the lesson did you find easy and difficult to answer and why?
take-away: (5
points)

(10mins.)