SELF-LEARNING HOME TASK (SLHT)

Subject : Mathematics Grade : 9 Quarter : 3 Week : 4

MELC : Solves problems involving parallelogram, trapezoids and kites. Competency Code: M9GEIIIe-1

Name : Section : Date:

School : District :

I. Readings/Discussions

SOLVING PROBLEMS INVOLVING PARALLELOGRAMS, TRAPEZOIDS AND KITES

In the previous lessons, we have learned about these three types of quadrilaterals: the parallelogram, the trapezoid,
and the kite. We have also learned about each of their properties. It is important that you, as a student, remember these
properties since they are useful in solving problems.

1. A parallelogram is a quadrilateral in which both pairs of opposite sides are parallel. • The properties of a parallelogram
are:
• The opposite sides are congruent.
• The opposite angles are congruent.
• The non-opposite angles are supplementary angles.
• The diagonals bisect each other.
• Each diagonal divides a parallelogram into two congruent triangles.
2. A trapezoid is a quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel sides, while an isosceles trapezoid is a trapezoid with
congruent non-parallel sides. The median of a trapezoid is equal to half the sum of the lengths of the two bases. The
properties of an isosceles trapezoid are:
• The base angles are congruent.
• The diagonals are congruent.
3. A kite is a quadrilateral with two distinct pairs of adjacent sides that are congruent. The properties of a kite are:
• The non-vertex angles are congruent.
• The segment connecting the two vertex angles bisects the two vertex angles.
• The diagonals are perpendicular.
• The segment connecting the two vertex angles bisects the segment connecting the two non-vertex angles.
• The area of the kite is half the product of the lengths of its diagonals.
Example #1.
In the parallelogram ABCD
a. If ∠A = x +15 and ∠C = 2x + 5, what is m∠C?
b. If AB = 3y + 3 and CD = y + 13, how long is 𝐶𝐷?

Solutions:
a. In a parallelogram, opposite angles are congruent.
In the above parallelogram, ∠A and ∠c are opposites angles.
So, we have
∠A ≅ ∠C
m∠A = m∠C, ∠A = x +15 and ∠C = 2x + 5
substituting x +15 = 2x + 5
solving for x x = 10

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 substitute to ∠C = 2x + 5
m∠C = 2(10) + 5
m∠C = 250

b. In a parallelogram, opposite sides are congruent.

In the above parallelogram, AB and CD are opposites sides.

So, we have
AB ≅ CD

𝐴𝐵 = 𝐶𝐷
AB = 3y + 3 and CD = y + 13
substituting 3y + 3 = y + 13
solving for y y=5
substitute to CD = y + 13
CD = 5 + 13

𝐶𝐷 = 18

Example #2.
Quadrilateral NIRT is an isosceles trapezoid with 𝐼𝑅 // 𝑁𝑇. 𝐴𝐺 is its median.
a. If IR = 10 and NT = 20, how long is AG?
b. If m∠N = 2x + 5 and m∠T = 3x – 10, what is m∠T?
c. If NI = 4x and RT = 2x + 16, what is 𝑁𝐼?

Solutions:
a. The median of a trapezoid is equal to half the sum of the lengths of the two bases.
Given: upper base IR and lower base NT
So, we have
IR = 10 and NT = 20
IR + NT
Solving for the median AG AG =
2
10 + 20
Substituting AG =
2
Solving for AG AG = 15

b. The base angles of an isosceles trapezoid are congruent.

∠N ≅ ∠T
m∠N = m∠T, ∠N = 2x + 5 and ∠T = 3x - 10
substituting 2x + 5 = 3x - 10
solving for x x = 15
substitute to ∠T = 3x - 10
m∠C = 3(15) - 10
m∠C = 350

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 c. An isosceles trapezoid is a trapezoid with congruent non-parallel sides.
In the trapezoid NIRT, IR//NT and NI is not parallel to RT.
So, NI ≅ RT
𝑁𝐼 = 𝑅𝑇
NI = 4x and RT = 2x + 16
substituting 4x = 2x + 16
solving for x x=8
substitute to NI = 4x
NI = 4(8)

𝑁𝐼 = 32

Example #3.

Consider the kite MJKL below:

a. If JK = 12, what is KL?
b. If MJ = x + 10 and LM = 3x – 12, what is LM?
c. If m∠JML = 500, what is m∠KML?
d. If JL = 7cm and KM = 13cm, what is the area of the kite MJKL?

Solutions:
a. Two distinct pairs of adjacent sides of kite are congruent.
So, JM ≅ 𝐿𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐽𝐾 ≅ 𝐾𝐿
JK = 12 and KL =12
b. Two distinct pairs of adjacent sides of kite are congruent.
JM ≅ 𝐿𝑀 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐽𝐾 ≅ 𝐾𝐿
𝐽𝑀 = 𝐿𝑀
JM = 3x - 12 and LM = x + 10
substituting 3x - 12 = x + 10
solving for x x = 11
substitute to LM = 11 + 10
LM = 21
c. The segment connecting the two vertex angles bisects the two vertex angles.

Diagonal KM bisects ∠JML.

m∠JML
So, m∠KML =
2
50
substituting m∠KML =
2
0
m∠KML = 25
d. The area of the kite is half the product of the lengths of its diagonals.
The diagonals of the kite MJKL are KM and JL.

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 (𝐾𝑀)(𝐽𝐿)
Area =
2
(13)(7)
Substituting Area =
2

Area = 45.5cm2

II. Exercises

Directions: Solve the given problem.

1. In the parallelogram given below, find ∠B, ∠C and ∠D.

2. Trapezoid PQRS given below is an isosceles trapezoid. Find m∠P, m∠Q and m∠R.

3. In a kite, ABCD, AB = x + 2, BC = 2x + 1. The perimeter of kite is 48cm.

Find x and the length of each side.

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III. Assessment/Application/Outputs (Please refer to DepEd Order No. 31, s. 2020)
A. Directions: Solve the given problems and choose the letter of the correct answer from the choices.
1. In the parallelogram given below, find the measures of ∠ABO

A. 350 B. 450 C. 750 D. 1050

2. A baker is making a cake like the one which is given below. The top layer of the cake has a diameter
of 8 inches and the bottom layer has a diameter of 20 inches. How big should the middle layer of the
cake be?

A. 8 B. 14 C. 14 D. 20

3. In the parallelogram given below, find the value of x.

A. 58 B. 29 C. 87 D. 86

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4. Find m∠G in the diagram shown below.

A. 600 B. 840 C. 1320 D. 1920

5. The perimeter of the parallelogram ABCD is 30 units and the length of the side AB is 9 units,
find the length of other sides of the parallelogram.

A. 6 units B. 9 units C. 15 units D. 30 units

6. Find the value of x.

AC = 4x and BD = 2x + 16

A. 2 B. 4 C. 8 D. 16

7. In two adjacent angles of a parallelogram, if one angle is four times of the other, then find the
measures of the two angles.

A. 900 and 900 B. 450 and 1350 C. 400 and 1400 D. 360 and 1440

8. In the parallelogram given below, find the values of x and y.

A. (4,6) B. (6,4) C. (-4,-6) D. (-6, -4)

9. Find the value of y.

LM = 3y – 3, ON = 4y + 2 and PQ = 10

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 A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

10. In the parallelogram given below,

AO = x + 40 and OC = 2x + 18, Find the length of AO.

A. 60 B. 61 C. 62 D. 63

III. Suggested Enrichment/Reinforcement Activity/ies

Directions: Solve the given problem.

1. In the kite WXYZ shown below, find the length of each side.

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References:
1. Learner’s Material for Mathematics Grade 9, pp. 329- 341
2. Grade 9 Mathematics Pattern and Practicalities p.392-404

Prepared by: Reviewed by:

RENATO P. BANCILOY PAMELA A. RODEMIO

Master Teacher 1 EPS in Mathematics
Doña Liling Neis Negapatan National High School Division of Cebu Province

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GUIDE

For the Teacher: Advise the students to read the reading and discussion portion before they attempt to answer the
practice exercises. Going through the parts sequentially will help them understand easily the topic.

For the Learner: Read through the self-learning home task from the first part to the last part. Doing so, will help you
understand better the topic.

For the Parent/Home Tutor: Assist your child and make sure that he/she reads the self-learning home task from
beginning to end to ensure proper understanding of the concepts.

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