Date- 29th & 30th August

2022 ( Monday & Tuesday)

Time –7am
Topic- Daily Current Affairs
9
1
0
• Nehru Trophy Boat Race is a popular Vallam Kali (boat race) held in
the Punnamada Lake near Alappuzha, Kerala on the second Saturday of
August every year.

• The most popular event of the race is the competition of Chundan

Vallams (snake boats). Hence the race is also known as Snake Boat
Race in English.

• Other categories of boats such as Churulan Vallam, Iruttukuthy Vallam,

Odi Vallam etc. also participates in the competition.

• It is organized by the Nehru Trophy Boat Race Society under the

guidance of the district administration.

• Vembanad is the longest lake in India, which spans several districts in

Kerala. It is known as Punnamada Lake in Kuttanad, Kochi Lake in
Kochi.
1
1
1
2
• his Boat race has its origin in the Kerala district Alappuzha and
was inaugurated in 1952 by Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru. The
winner was awarded a trophy in the name of Jawaharlal
Nehru.

• In 2019, Nehru Trophy Boat Race was also made a part of the
newly constituted CBL - Champions Boat League and Star
Sports Network become its television broadcasting partner.

1
3
1
4
The dIvergencebeNeen cmde & pump prices
In the past 100 days, retail petrol prices have remained unchanged at the pump, whereas the crude prices (Indian
basl‹et) have reduced by around $20/barrel. The retail prices have possibly been l‹ept at the same level to allow
the Oil Marketing Companies (OMC) to compensate for the losses they incurred in the recent past. Between
November 2021 and March 2022, despite international crude prices sl‹yrocl‹eting, the retail prices remained
unchanged owing to the Assembly Elections in five States. A similar freeze was enforced in the recent months to
curtail inflation. Such repeated
interventions have resulted in heavy losses for the OMCs. Therefore, in the recent months, the OMCs have not
revised the
base price to mal‹e up for the losses. By Jasmin Nihalani and Vignesh Radhakrishnan
1
1
1
1
SARDAR SAROVAR (NARUADA) PROJECT

Narmad

MADHVA
• The Rann of Kachchh comprises a unique example of Holocene
sedimentation. It covers a large tracts of 23,000 sq. km and has
been arbitrarily divided into two parts namely the Great Rann and
Little Rann.
• Kachchh furnishes an interesting example of four diverse geomorphic
type of terrain namely (i) the Rann, (ii) the low lying Banni plains,
(iii) the hilly region, and (iv) the coastal plains.

2
2
• The Wild Ass Wildlife Sanctuary, situated in the Indian state of
Gujarat, is the largest wildlife sanctuary in the country.

2
2
2
2
2
 Why in News?
The National Sports Day or Rashtriya Khel Divas is celebrated on 29 th August every year
in India as a tribute to hockey legend Major Dhyan Chand who was born on this date in
1905.

राषट् िेन ददिन ्ा राषट् िेन ददिन भारत मे हर

नान 29 अगसत को हॉकी के ददगगज मेजर ध्ाननद को श्ाजंन के
रप मे मना्ा जाता है, ंजनका जकम 1905 मे इनट तारटि को हु
था।
 What are the Key Points?
• The day was first designated and celebrated in 2012 as India’s National Sports
Day.
• The nation celebrates the day honouring our sports stars.
• The president gives away sports awards such as the Major Dhyan Chand Khel
Ratna Award, Arjuna Award, Dronacharya Award, and Dhyan Chand Awards on
this occasion.

• इन ददन को पहनट बार 2012 मे भारत के राषट्

िेन ददिन के रप मे
नांमत और मना्ा ग्ा था।
• राष हमारे िेन ंनतारो को नममांनत करने का ददन
मनाता है।
• राषपंत इन अिनर पर मेजर ध्ाननद िेन रत पुरसकार
, अजु्न पुरसकार ,
दोराना्् पुरसकार और ध्ाननद पुरसकार
जैने िेन पुरसकार पदान करते है ।
 Who was Major Dhyan Chand?
•Widely known as the 'Wizard of Hockey', the greatest hockey player of India, Major
Dhyan Chand Singh, was born on 29th August 1905 in present-day Praygraj, Uttar
Pradesh.
•He played as the centre forward at three Olympic Games for India winning Gold Medals
at Amsterdam in 1928, Los Angeles in 1932 and Berlin in 1936 where he was the captain.
•He was a member of the first Indian overseas army team that toured New Zealand in
1926.

•उकहोने 1928 मे एमससड्म , 1932 मे नॉन एंज्न और 1936 मे

बरनन मे
सिर् पदक जटतने िाने भारत के ंनए तटन ओनंपक िेनो मे
नेसर ाॉरिड् के रप मे िेना, जहा
िे कपान थे ।
•िह 1926 मे क् टनैड का
दौरा करने िानट पहनट भारतट् ंिदेशट नेना सटम के नदस् थे।
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
49
5
5
Eight Years of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna (PMJDY)
 WHAT IS NEWS
Recently, Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) - National Mission for Financial
Inclusion, completed eight years of successful implementation.
•More than 46.25 crore beneficiaries banked under PMJDY since inception, amounting
to Rs. 1,73,954 crores.

•हान हट मे , पधान मतट जन धन ्ोजना

(पटएमजेडटिाई) - ंितट् नमािेशन के
ंनए
राषट् ंमशन, ने नानतापयि्क का्ा्कि्न के ुठ नान प े
दकए।
•पटएमजेडटिाई के तहत 46.25 करोड ने अंधक नाभारथ्ो ने
शुरुत के बाद ने, र।
1,73,954 करोड।
What is Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY)?
• Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) is the National Mission for
Financial Inclusion.

• It ensures access to financial services, namely, Banking/ Savings & Deposit

Accounts, Remittance, Credit, Insurance, Pension in an affordable manner.

• पधानमतट जन धन ्ोजना (पटएमजेडटिाई) ंितट्

नमािेशन के ंनए राषट् ंमशन है ।
• ्ह दकाा्तट तरटके ने ंितट् नेिाओ, अथा्तत बैंकग
/बनत और जमा िाते, पे रर , केंडस , बटमा, पे शन
तक पहन नु ं नं्त करता है ।
 Objectives
• Ensure access to financial products & services at an affordable cost.
• Use of technology to lower cost & widen reach.
• Basic tenets of the scheme:
• Banking the unbanked: Opening of basic savings bank deposit (BSBD)
account with minimal paperwork, relaxed KYC, e-KYC, account opening in
camp mode, zero balance & zero charges.
 What is Financial Inclusion?
• Financial inclusion is defined as the process of ensuring access to financial services and
timely and adequate credit where needed by vulnerable groups such as weaker sections and
low-income groups at an affordable cost.
• In a diverse country like India, financial inclusion is a critical part of the development process.
Since independence, the combined efforts of successive governments, regulatory institutions,
and civil society have helped in increasing the financial-inclusion net in the country.

• भारत जैने ंिंिध देश मे , ंितट् नमािेशन

ंिकान पदक्ा का एक महतिप ् ंहसना है।
ुजादट के बाद ने , नगातार नरकारो , ंन्ामक नसथानो और नागररक नमाज के न्ुक प्ानो ने
देश मे ंितट् नमािेशन को बढाने मे
मदद की है।
 What are the Other Initiatives to Increase Financial Inclusion in India?
• Digital Identity (Aadhaar)
• National Centre for Financial Education (NCFE)
• Centre for Financial Literacy (CFL) Project
• Expansion of financial services in Rural and Semi-Urban Areas
• Promotion of Digital Payments
 v
NRewseLruvendarFCoraetsetr

e
 Context
Justice Uday Umesh Lalit, 49th assured there will be at least one Constitution Bench functio

भारत के 49िे मु ख् क्ा (नटजेुई) उद् उमे श नं नत ने ुशानन

्ाध क्ा्मयरत
टश
दद्ा दक नि्व क्ा् मे नान भर मे कम ने कम एक नंिधान पटठ
ान् काम करेगट।
 Why in News?
• Recently UDAN (UdeDeshkaAamNagrik), a Regional Connectivity Scheme of
the Ministry of Civil Aviation has completed 5 years of success since the launch
of its first flight by the Prime Minister on 27th April 2017.

• हान हट मे नागररक उड्न मतान् की एक

केतट् कनेंकसंिसट ्ोजना
UDAN (UdeDeshkaAamNagrik) ने 27 अपै न 2017 को पधान मतट दारा
अपनट पहनट उडान के शुभारभ के बाद ने नानता के 5 नान प े कर ंनए
है।
What do we need to know about the UDAN Scheme?
• Ude Desh Ka Aam Naagrik (UDAN) was launched as a Regional Connectivity
Scheme (RCS) under the Ministry of Civil Aviation in 2016.
• It was formulated based on the review of The National Civil Aviation Policy
(NCAP)-2016 and it was planned to remain in force for a period of 10 years.

• उडे दे श का ुम नागररक (उडान ) को 2016 मे नागररक उड्न मतान् के तहत

एक केतट् कनेंकसंिसट ्ोजना (ुरनटएन) के रप मे
नॉकन दक्ा ग्ा था।
• इने राषट् नागररक उड्न नटं त (एननटएपट) -2016 की नमटका के ुधार पर
तै्ार दक्ा ग्ा था और इने 10 िर् की
अिंध के ंनए नागय रहने की ्ोजना थट।
 Objectives
• To develop the regional aviation market.
• To provide affordable, economically viable and profitable air travel on regional
routes to the common man even in small towns.

• केतट् ंिमानन बाजार का ंिकान करना।

• छोसे शहरो मे भट ुम ुदमट को केतट् माग् पर दकाा्तट,
ुरथक रप ने विहा्् और नाभदा्क हिाई
्ाता पदान करना।
 Circumstances for Constitutional Bench to Exist
•The scheme envisages providing connectivity to unserved and underserved airports of
the country through the revival of existing air-strips and airports.
• Under-served airports are those which do not have more than one flight a
day, while unserved airports are those where there are no operations.

• इन ्ोजना मे मौजयदा हिाई पर््ो और हिाई अडो

के पुनर्ार के माध्म ने
देश के अनेंित और कम नेिा िाने हिाई अडो को
कनेंकसंिसट पदान करने की पररक्पना की गई है ।
• कम नेिा िाने हिाईअडेिे होते है ं
जनमे एक ददन मे एक ने अंधक उडाने
नही होतट है , जबदक ंबना नेिा िाने हिाईअडे
िे होते है जहा कोई पररनानन नही
होता है।
 Achievements So Far
•There were 74 operational airports in 2014 which has increased to 141 by now.
•68 underserved/unserved destinations which include 58 Airports, 8 Heliports & 2 Water
Aerodromes have been connected under UDAN scheme.

•2014 मे 74 पररनानन हिाई अडे थे जो अब तक बढकर 141 हो गए

है।
•68 अ्ोग् /अंनरदद गतवो मे ंजनमे 58
हिाई अडे , 8 हेंनपोस् और 2
जन ए्रोडोम शांमन है , को UDAN ्ोजना के तहत जोडा ग्ा है ।
 Targets
• 220 destinations (airports/heliports/water aerodromes) under UDAN are
targeted to be completed by 2026 with 1000 routes to provide air connectivity to
unconnected destinations in the country.
• Under UDAN, 954 routes have already been awarded to connect 156 airports.

• UDAN के तहत 220 गतवो (हिाई अडो

/हेनटपोरन् /िासर ए्रोडोम )
को 2026 तक पयरा करने का नक् रिा ग्ा है,
ंजनमे देश मे अनब् गतवो के ंनए हिाई नपक्
पदान करने के ंनए 1000 रस है ।
• UDAN के तहत, 156 हिाई अडो को जोडने के ंनए 954
माग् पहने हट ुिरसत दकए जा नु के है ।
How has the UDAN Scheme’s Performance been?
•UDAN 1.0
• Under this phase, 5 airlines companies were awarded 128 flight routes to 70
airports (including 36 newly made operational airports).
•UDAN 2.0
• In 2018, the Ministry of Civil Aviation announced 73 underserved and unserved
airports.
• For the first time, helipads were also connected under phase 2 of the UDAN
scheme.
•UDAN 3.0
• Inclusion of Tourism Routes under UDAN 3 in coordination with the Ministry of
Tourism.
• Inclusion of Seaplanes for connecting Water Aerodromes.
• Bringing in a number of routes in the North-East Region under the ambit of UDAN.
How has the UDAN Scheme’s Performance been?
उडान
1.0

•इन नरर के तहत, 5 ए्रनाइन कपंन्ो को 70 हिाई

अडो के ंनए 128 उडान माग् ने नममांनत दक्ा ग्ा
(ंजनमे 36 नए बने पररनानन हिाई अडे शांमन है )।
उडान
2.0

•2018 मे , नागररक उड्न मतान् ने 73 अनारंकत और ंबना

नेिा िाने हिाई अडो की घोररा की।
•पहनट बार उडान ्ोजना के दयनरे नरर के तहत हेनटपै ड को भट जोडा ग्ा है ।
उडान
3.0

•प््सन मतान् के नह्ोग ने उडान 3 के तहत प््सन माग् को शांमन करना।

•िासर ए्रोडोम को जोडने के ंनए नटपनेन को शांमन
करना।
•उडानके दा्रे मे पयि्तर केत मे कई माग् को
नाना।
 Context

Recently, the Union Home and Cooperation Minister addressed the First convocation of N

गृ ह और नहकाररता मतट ने राषट्ाोरें नकंिजान

,
हान हट मे केदट्
ंिशं िवान् (NFSU) के पहने दटकात नमारोह को नबोंधत दक् ा।
What do we need to know about National Forensic Science University (NFSU)?

• It was established by the Government of India in 2020 with the objective

of fulfilling the acute shortage against the increasing demand for forensic
experts in the country and around the world.
• The National Forensic Sciences University, with the status of an Institution of
National Importance, is the world’s first and only University dedicated
to Forensic, behavioral, cybersecurity, digital forensics, and allied Sciences.

• ्ह भारत नरकार दारा 2020 मे देश और दुंन्ा भर मे

ाोरेंनक ंिशेरजो की बढतट माग के
ंिनाा तटव कमट को पयरा करने के उदेद् ने
सथांपत दक्ा ग्ा था।
• राषट् ाो ंिज ंिशं िवान् , राषट् महत के
रेंनक ान ि
ाोरेंनक
नसथान की ंसथं त के नाथ, दंु ना
, विहाररक , नाइबर
् का पहना और एकमातनुरका
ंिशं , ंडंजसन
िव है
ाोरेंनक और नब्
ंिजान को नमरपत है।
 Vision
• To fulfill the acute shortage of Forensic Experts in the Country and the World.
• To make the World a Better and Safer place to live.
• To carry out Research in the area of Forensic Science, Crime Investigation,
Security, Behavioral Science and Criminology.

• देश और दुंन्ा मे ाोरेंनक ंिशेरजो की भारट कमट को प

ा करना।
• दंु ना
् को रहने के ंनए एक बे हतर और नु रंकत जगह बनाने के ंनए।
• ाोरेंनक ंिजान , अपराध जान, नुरका , विहार
ंिजान और अपराध
ंिजान के केत मे अनुनधान करना।
 What is Forensic
• Forensic science is the use of scientific methods or expertise to
investigate crimes or examine evidence that might be presented in a court of law.
• Forensic science comprises a diverse array of
disciplines, from fingerprint and DNA analysis to anthropology and wildlife
forensics.
• Forensic science is a critical element of the criminal justice system.
 Problems with Forensic Science in India:Erroneous Convictions:

• The most alarming issues in Forensic Science are the erroneous convictions
based on faulty forensic evidence.
• Nearly 318 convicts were released from jail based upon DNA tests who were
earlier wrongly convicted on the basis of faulty forensic evidence.

• ाोरेंनक नाइन मे नबने ितरनाक मुदे

दोरपयर् ाोरेंनक नाक् के ुधार पर गनत नजा है ।
• नगभग 318 दोंर्ो को डटएनए परटकर के ुधार पर जेन ने
ररहा दक्ा ग्ा था,
ंजकहे पहने दोरप ् ाोरेंनक नाक् के ुधार पर गनत
तरटके ने दोरट ठहरा्ा ग्ा था।
 Problems with Forensic Science in India:Erroneous Convictions:

• Lack of scientific certainty

• Lack of research
• Lack of well-defined code of ethics
• Lack of certification of the experts
• Non-available databases and non-availability of error rate statistics for all the
techniques

• िैजांनक ंनं्तता का अभाि

• शोध का अभाि
• अचछट तरह ने पररभांरत ुनार नंहता का अभाि
• ंिशेरजो के पमारटकरर का अभाि
• नभट तकनटको के ंनए गै र-उपनबध डे साबे न और तु रस दर ुकडो की अनु पनबधता
 What is News?
•Recently, India - USA Joint Special Forces conducted the 13th edition of exercise Vajra
Prahar 2022 culminated at Bakloh (Himachal Pradesh).

•हान हट मे , भारत-्यएनए न्ुक ंिशेर बनो

ने अभ्ान के 13िे नसकरर का
ु्ोजन दक्ा िज पहार 2022 का
नमापन बकनोह (ंहमानन पदेश ) मे हु।
 What are the Key Highlights?
• It's an annual exercise is hosted alternatively between Special Forces India and
the United States.
• Special Forces are the units of a country's armed forces that undertake
covert, counterterrorist, and other specialized operations.

• ्ह एक िाररक अभ्ान है ंजने

ंिशेर बन भारत और न्ुक राज्
अमेररका के बटन िैकं्पक रप ने
ु्ोंजत दक्ा जाता है।
• ंिशेर बन देश के नशस बनो की इकाइ्ाँ है जो गुप,
ुतकिाद ंिरोधट और अक् ंिशेर अंभ्ान ननाते है।
 Aim
•The 21-day joint training provided an opportunity for the Special Forces from both
nations to train in Air Borne Operations, Special Operations and Counter Terrorism
operations in a joint environment under United Nations Charter.

21-ददिनट् न्ुक पंशकर ने दोनो देशो के

ंिशेर बनो को न्ुक
राष नास्र के तहत एक न्ुक िातािरर मे
हिाई ननानन, ंिशेर ननानन और
ुतकिाद ंिरोधट अंभ्ानो मे पंशंकत करने
का अिनर पदान दक्ा।
 Significance
• Exercise VAJRA PRAHAR with the US Special Forces is significant in terms
of security challenges faced by both Nations in the backdrop of the current
global situation.
• The joint military exercise has further strengthened the traditional bond of
friendship between the special forces of both Nations as well as improved
bilateral defence cooperation between India and the USA.

• न्ुक नैक् अभ्ान ने दोनो देशो के ंिशेर बनो

के बटन दोसतट के पारपररक बधन को और मजबयत दक्ा है और नाथ हट भारत
और न्ुक राज् अमेररका के बटन बेहतर
ंदपकट् रका नह्ोग भट दक् ा है ।
What are Other Exercises between India and the USA?
•Exercise Tiger Triumph (Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Relief exercise)
•Cope India (Air Force).
•Malabar Exercise (Quadrilateral naval exercise of India, USA, Japan and Australia).
•Red Flag (US’ multilateral air exercise).

•वा्ाम साइगर ्ा्मा (मानिट्

नहा्ता और ुपदा राहत अभ्ान )
•कोप इं ड्ा (िा्ु ने ना)।
•मानाबार अभ्ान (भारत, अमे ररका, जापान और ऑस्ेंन्ा का नतु भ्ुज नौनैं नक अभ्ान )।
•नान झडा (अमेररका का बहपकट् हिाई अभ्ान )।
 Host
• This annual exercise is hosted alternatively between India and the United States.

•The exercise was conducted in two phases

• The first phase involved combat conditioning and tactical level special missions training exercises.
• The second phase included 48 hours of validation of training received by both contingents in the first phase.

•Other Military Exercises between India-USA

• Yudh Abhyas: Indian and USA armies

• Cope India: Indian and USA Air Forces
• Malabar Exercise: Navies of India, USA, and Japan.
 Significance
• Security challenges

• Exercise is significant in terms of security challenges faced by both nations in the backdrop of the current global
situation.

• Traditional bond of friendship

• The joint military exercise has further strengthened the traditional bond of friendship between the special forces of both
Nations as well as improved bilateral defence cooperation between India and the US.
 v
NRewseLruvendarFCoraetsetr

Swachh Sagar, Surakshit Sagar campaign

 What is a news?
Recently, the Swachh Sagar, Surakshit Sagar/Clean Coast Safe Sea Campaign campaign

हान हट मे सिचछ अं भा
् न अं भा
् न शु र तस नु रंकत नमु द
नागर , /
नु रंकत दक् ा ग्ा था। नागर सिचछ
 About Clean Coast Safe Sea Campaign

•The campaign is a 75-day citizen-led campaign for improving ocean health

through collective action.
•It is the first-of-its-kind and longest running coastal cleanup campaign in the world
with the highest number of people participating in it.

•्ह अंभ्ान नाम हक कार्िाई के माध्म ने नमुद के सिासथ्

मे नुधार के ंनए 75-ददिनट्
नागररक-नेतृति िाना अंभ्ान है।
•्ह दुंन्ा मे अपनट तरह का पहना और नबने नबे नम् तक ननने िाना तसट्
नााई अंभ्ान है, ंजनमे नबने अं धक नख्ा मे नोग भाग ने रहे है ।
 Ministries involved
• This campaign will include Ministry of Earth Sciences (MoES), Ministry of Environment Forest and
Climate Change (MoEFCC), National Service Scheme (NSS), Indian Coast Guard, National
Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) along with various departments of centre and state
governments, non-government organisations and educational institutions.

• इन अंभ्ान मे पृथिट ंिजान मतान् (MoES),

प्ा्िरर िन और जनिा्ु पररितन मतान्
(MoEFCC), राषट् नेिा ्ोजना (NSS),
भारतट् तसरककबन, राषट् ुपदा पबधन पां धकरर (NDMA) के नाथ-
नाथ केद और राज् नरकारो के ंिंभन ंि
भाग शांमन होगे। , गैर नरकारट नगठन और शै कंरक नसथान।
 Ministries involved
• Aim

• There will be an attempt to raise awareness about the degradation caused by plastic and the danger to ecological
balance from deteriorating ocean health.

• 3 strategic underlying goals

• Consume Responsibly
• Segregate waste at home
• Dispose Responsibly

• Eco Mitram

• A mobile app “Eco Mitram” has been launched to spread awareness about the campaign and also for the common
people for voluntary registration for the beach cleaning activity.
 Other Related steps
• UN "Coastal Clean Seas" campaign

• India is a signatory to the UN "Coastal Clean Seas" campaign.

• A number of activities have been adopted that have direct relevance with the "Swachh Bharat" vision and have proved
highly useful.

• International Coastal Cleanup Day

• The International Coastal Cleanup Day is celebrated globally on the third Saturday of September, every year.
 Do you know?
•India's coastline of more than 7,500 km reflects our vast ocean resources.
•Most importantly, the Indian Ocean is the only ocean named after a country,
that is, India.

•7,500 दकमट ने अंधक की भारत की तसरेिा हमारे ंिशान

महानागरट् ननाधनो को दशा्तट
है।
•नबने महतिपयर् बात ्ह है दक हहद महानागर हट एकमात
ऐना महानागर है ंजनका नाम दकनट देश, ्ानट भारत के नाम पर
रिा ग्ा है।
 I/I/’or/d Note 2] — 356,000
ga•g Canada 1 202,080 1

Norway 2 83. 281tNote3) 7

Indonesia 3 54,716 4

Green/and N°’e 4! — 44,087

Russia 4 37,65a[Note 5]

Philippines 5 36,289 8
e Japan 6 29,751 12

Australia 7 25,760 6

United States 8 19,924 2

Antarctica 17,968

New Zealand 9 15,134 17

China 10 14,500 11

• Greece 11 13,676 19
United Kingdom 12 12,429 16
g•g Mexico 13 9,330 14

Italy 14 7,600 28

Brazil 15 7,491 9

Denmark 16 7,314 44

Turkey 17 7,200 31
India 18 7,000 18
Chile 19 6,435 5
Prime Minister Narendr a Modi has d e d i c a t e d I n d i a ’ s f i r s t e a r t

9
A new book named ‘India’s Economy From Nehru To Modi:: A Brief Histor

9
On National Sports Day, the Youth Affairs and Sports Ministry will host
The Indian Olympic Association has co- opted Adille Sumariwalla as the P

95