NCM 113 LEC

CONCEPT OF CHN

PREPARED BY:
NCM 113 INSTRUCTORS
COMMUNITY HEALTH
Special field of nursing that combines the
skills of nursing, public health and some
phases of social assistance and functions as
part of the total public health program for
the promotion of health, the improvement of
the conditions in the social and physical
environment, rehabilitation of illness and
disability (WHO Expert Committee of Nursing)
PRINCIPLES
1. It is community focused.
2.It is based on identified community health
nursing needs and functions within total
community health programs.
3.Health education, guidance and supervision
are integral part of community health nursing
4. Health services should be realistic in
terms of available resources.
5. The health worker is responsible to the
authorized health authority and functions
within the policies, general goals and
objectives set by the health agency.
6. Effective health workers functions as a team.
7. Community and family are in focus, rather than
individual, as the unit of health care
8. Professional relationships and etiquette are
essential in community health services
9. Community involvement is an integral part of
community health nursing practice
10. Individual and families participate fully in all
decision making relating to the attainment of
health
11. Continuous services are effective services and
community health nurses must provide it
12. Well developed system of records and reports are
essential for community health services
13. Periodic and continuous appraisal and
evaluation of health situation and health services
are basic to community health
14. Health services should be available and accessible
to all without any discrimination
15. Health workers should be non-political, non-
sectarian in his relationship
16. Health worker must maintain professional
dignity and must never accept any gift or bribe
The COMMUNITY is the
PATIENT.

The FAMILY is the UNIT OF CARE.

The CLIENT is considered as an ACTIVE PARTNER,

not a passive recipient of care.
In General, the goal of CHN is
achieved through MULTI- SECTORAL
EFFORTS.

CHN is a part of Health Care System

and the larger human services
system.
PHILOSOPHY
1. Philosophy of
individuals’ right of being healthy.
2.Philosophy of working together under of competent
leader for the common good.
3.Philosophy that people in the community have the
potential for continuous development and are capable of
dealing with their own problems if educated and helped.
4. Philosophy of socialism
AIMS
1. The aim of community health nursing
practice is to promote health and
efficiently prevent and control diseases
2. To reduce mortality and disability
3. Improve nutritional status
4. Increase life expectancy at birth
5. Prolong life
OBJECTIVES
1.To increase the capability of community to deal
with their own health problems
2.To strengthen community resources
3.To control and counteract environment
i. Protection measures:
• Safe drinking water
• Clean air and soil
• Safe disposal of refuse and excreta
• Good social security and safety
i. Protection measures:
• Changing reactions
• Mass immunization
• Mass screening
• Mass prophylactic treatment

4. To prevent and control communicable and

noncommunicable diseases
5. To provide specialized services
6. To conduct research and build up knowledge
and contribute to further refinement and
improvement of community health practice
7. To prepare health personnel in the community
THEORETICAL MODELS/
APPROACHES
1. Health Belief Model
➢It is used to explain and predict individual changes in
health behaviors.
➢Purpose is to predict or explain health behaviors.
➢Assumes that preventive health behaviors are taken
primarily for the purpose of avoiding disease.
➢ Emphasizes change at the individual level.
2. Milio’s Framework for
Prevention
➢Identifies relationship between health deficits and
availability of health-promoting resources.
➢Theorizes that behavior changes within a large
number
of people can ultimately lead to social change.
3. Health Promotion by
Nola Pender
➢“complementary counterpart to models of health
protection.”
➢it defines health as a positive dynamic state rather
than simply the absence of disease.
4. PRECEDE-PROCEED MODEL
by Lawrence Green
PRECEDE stands for Predisposing,
Reinforcing, and Enabling
Constructs in
Educational/Environmental
Diagnosis and Evaluation
PROCEED spells out Policy,
Regulatory, and Organizational
Constructs in Educational and
Environmental Development
➢Assumptions about the prevention of illness and promotion
of health, and, by extension, about other community issues
as well.
1.The model should be a participatory process, involving
all stakeholders.
2.Health is, by its very nature, a community issue.
3.Health is an integral part of a larger context, probably most clearly
defined as quality of life, and it’s within that context that it must be
considered.
4.Health is more than physical well-being, or than the absence of
disease, illness, or injury.
Thank you!