WORKBOOK C2 KEY

Unit 1 4 I’m/am putting the samples into Listening

the machine. A
Reading 5 Leon has been interviewing (the) Q1: reason, to bully
A subjects for hours. Q2: companies, face up to bullying
Questions 1 and 5 6 Ms Clarkson has been working Q3: factor, reduces a charity’s donor
all morning. pool
B 7 The brain processes images in Q4: charities, should change
1d 2c 3c 4a 5d 6a 7a 8b 13 milliseconds. approach
8 He appreciates your hard work. Q5: previous studies
Vocabulary Q6: saddest, how jealousy affects,
C friendship
A 1 tasted
1 dysfunctional 2 had been driving
2 aberrant B
3 was tasting 1c 2b 3c 4a 5a 6c
3 maladjusted 4 have met
4 malfunction 5 had driven
5 misbehave Writing
6 ’re/are meeting
A
7 Do you see
B 8 haven’t been walking Well-adjusted Maladjusted
1h 2d 3a 4b 5g 6f 7e 8c individuals are individuals can
D often … be …
C 1 She would be a research constructive apathetic
1 principled assistant, but now she content discontented
2 conduct supervises the lab. used to meticulous dissatisfied
3 head 2 That’s strange; Barb used never open neurotic
4 vulnerable to talk to her neighbours across positive violent
5 prone the street. used to never / never sympathetic withdrawn
6 disorders used to
3 They ran the results through the B
D computer and after they have, 1 It addresses the topic mostly
1 on they wrote up a detailed report. appropriately, but it needs
2 pain had/did examples of when the opposite
3 terms 4 Henry didn’t used to be so is true, such as how negative
4 out difficult to work with, but he’s feelings make people feel lazy
5 down been under a lot of stress. use or overeat.
6 between 5 In the mornings, my dog would 2 It does not address the topic
7 on always beg me to take him for a appropriately. It should include
8 beyond walk. He loves going out. will examples of people who lead
6 He rarely made a mistake in his difficult lives due to a lack of
E research, but when he does, he care as children and how they
1c 2d 3d 4d 5b 6c 7b 8d wouldn’t admit it so readily. did can seek help from mental
7 Marcos was being a teacher at health specialists as adults, for
Grammar that school, but he retired a few instance.
A years back. used to be 3 It does not address the topic
1 are/’re drifting/have drifted 8 We’re soaking up the rays on appropriately. It should include
2 has been venting the beach, just like we did every ideas about students who feel
3 has treated time we go on holiday. do unfairly punished and how it
4 is/’s always peering breeds resentment, and how
5 have been conducting E students should do activities
6 have/’ve just settled 1 have such as write essays about what
2 did their behaviour can lead to in
B 3 would later life, for example.
1 They have tested a range of 4 not
hypotheses. 5 are C
2 Rashid has completed the trial 6 been Sample answers:
study. 7 used 1 Young people today don’t often
3 The scientist is analysing the 8 has have much real contact with the
data. outside world.

156
2 There are a few things young alone, or that it is them against 7 back to front
people can do to be more of a the world. We all face difficulties 8 time after time
part of their community. sometimes; therefore, having a
Topic questions: Are young positive outlet for our negative D
people too disconnected from feelings keeps us in the right mental 1 breach
the harsh realities of society? place. 2 engines
What can young people do to 3 on
learn more about the challenges Unit 2 4 intelligence
people face in life? 5 off
Reading 6 system
D 7 infancy
Sample answer: A 8 behind
Violence in schools is a fact of life Q1: what robots, allowed to do
that many students must face on a Q2: tales of man against machine, E
daily basis. It is ironic that the very ease our fears 1b 2c 3d 4a 5b 6c 7a 8b
place a young person might go to Q3: intimate, chore, unnerved we
educate themselves and improve become Grammar
their lives could be the setting for Q4: fears, overblown, fictional
stories A
an act of violence. Of course, some 1 Will you be needing a ride to
youths harbour dark feelings and are Q5: awareness, informed choices
Q6: aware, threat, machines, the airport?
perhaps undergoing difficulties that 2 I shan’t surf the net until I
cause them to act negatively. problematic
Q7: imagining, worst-case scenario, finish/have finished my/the
Some students feel withdrawn assignment.
and apathetic about school and robot-controlled tasks
Q8: desire, menial tasks, 3 They are not to share data with
life in general, and perhaps their unauthorised personnel.
discontent is displayed through automatically
Q9: well-being, hands of robots, 4 The director is to promote Julie
obsessive or neurotic behaviour. to lead scientist.
Their dissatisfaction with life, appalling
Q10: fears of machines, always 5 By the time John arrives/has
their family or themselves can, arrived, the guests will have left.
for instance, push them to harm there, not, visible
other students who are otherwise B
content. In other words, they want B
1C 2D 3A 4B 5B 6D 7B 8C 9A 1 ‘ll/will fall
to vent their anger on others so that 2 ‘ll/will be entering
they feel the way they do, which 10D
3 ‘ll/will have explored
obviously is not a constructive form 4 will remain
of expression. Vocabulary
5 will have completely finished
There are a few ways to address A
these students’ concerns so that 1 censors C
their negativity does not adversely 2 sensors 1 to hear
affect other students. A key 3 ingenuous 2 just about to
example is for teachers to reach 4 ingenious 3 that the mission will
out to troubled youths and make 5 decompose 4 being
an effort to show an interest in their 6 disintegrate 5 is brewing
lives. Often, withdrawn students 7 omit 6 to utilise
feel isolated from society and a 8 emit 7 envisage
welcoming approach might pull 8 counting
them out of their rut. Another way B 9 sure to
is for educators to have an open 1 principal 10 going
dialogue with parents to ensure 2 eradicate
positive forms of communication 3 utilitarian D
exist between families, teachers and 4 tangible 1 The ideas he was generating
students. Lastly, although it does 5 fusion would revolutionise farming
not address the underlying issues 6 dissolved technology.
of school violence, making sure that 7 revolutionary 2 Sorry, but he was never going to
students know the rules and the 8 deduct find a cure for baldness!
consequences of acting up in class 3 The actions world leaders took
or against others might also curb the C then would affect generations of
urge to behave violently. 1 wear and tear people.
Naturally, it takes great effort to 2 touch and go 4 Something was going to happen
eradicate violence from our schools, 3 more or less that would revolutionise our
but it is a phenomenon that affects 4 back and forth working lives.
everyone involved. Not a single 5 safe and sound
youth should feel like they are all 6 little by little
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 E consoles and more. I had a fantastic
1c 2b 3b 4d 5a 6c
Listening
A head as to how useful they might be
Students will listen for facts in Task 2
and opinions in Task 1.
B Grammar
1D 2H 3A 4B 5E 6C 7A 8F 9D
10H
Writing
A
1B 2F 3F 4O 5O 6B 7F 8B
B like half a football field. Each tech
1 attentive; informative;
welcoming; preoccupied
2 dazzling; impractical
3 avid; obsessed
C I spent several hours sampling
When it comes to using technology,
I have to admit I’m not someone
who’s used a lot of it before a
newbie. But I wanted to attend one
of those places where they feature
the latest in technology a tech expo,
so I decided to go with a friend.
While perusing the floor, I came
across a booth with a number of
devices that you can wear on your
head or body wearable devices. I
tried one on, but honestly, I had a bit
of trouble using it. A representative
who was very good and highly
skilled proficient in its use helped
me get started. I thought for sure it
would take hours and hours just to
learn basic tasks be a steep learning
curve. However, after about 20
minutes, I had mastered it and I
really felt like someone who knows
everything about technology a tech
whiz! The representatives handed
me some information that lists the
device’s selling points promotional
information, but I was hesitant to
invest in one. It had a price tag that
was far too high for me to ever be
able to afford an exorbitant price
tag, so I’ll stick with my cheap
smartphone.
D 1G 2E 3D 4F 5A 6H 7C
Sample answer
I recently attended a thoroughly
entertaining tech expo in London
which featured all the latest
technological gadgets – laptops,
notebooks, smartphones, games
158
Review 1
time sampling new technology and
poring over all the material on offer. Vocabulary
Some things had me scratching my A
1d 2c 3d 4a 5c 6c 7a 8d 9c
for the market, but I was nonetheless 10b 11a 12a 13b 14b 15b 16a
dazzled by the array of equipment 17a 18a 19c 20c
spread across the exhibition floor.
The tech expo was relatively
inexpensive to attend, as I only B
paid 12 euros for entry, which is 1d 2b 3b 4b 5b 6c 7c 8d 9c
about half of what I’ve paid to 10b 11b 12d 13c 14c 15c 16b
attend other venues. The site was 17a 18a 19b 20d
expansive; set in a refurbished
warehouse in an industrial district Use of English
of London, it covered what seemed C
1b 2a 3d 4d 5d 6a 7a 8d
company’s representative seemed
welcoming and attentive, as well as D
knowledgeable once you conversed 1 abnormal
with them. 2 integration
3 inseparable
4 unintelligible
devices, and what was most 5 misspent
impressive was the latest in games 6 aberrant
consoles. Being an avid gamer, 7 incurable
it’s mesmerising to see the virtual 8 unconditionally
worlds that exist in these games.
I was especially pleased with E
this aspect of the expo. The only 1 were
drawback was with the wearable 2 used/had
devices. Honestly, I’m not sure why 3 had
tech companies focus so much 4 have
energy on making these devices. 5 from
There were watches, glasses, 6 not
bracelets, belts and even gloves. 7 to
The screens, if they had them, were 8 would
too small, as usual. The buttons
were too difficult to operate and it F
just didn’t live up to expectations. 1 is bound to be found on other
I suppose they have an application planets
somewhere in our world, but for the 2 shall not keep my ideas
most part, they seem impractical, at 3 argument is looming
least for me. 4 predict (that) the event will be
5 expected him to pay for
All in all, I’d say going to the tech 6 wasn’t trying to be
expo was a riveting experience. It
probably won’t appeal to casual
Unit 3
tech users, but if you’re a bit of a
tech whiz, I would urge you to go
Reading
while it’s still on. The expo runs
until the end of this week and more A
information can be found on their ‘Sloppy mistakes aside’
website at www.londontechexpo.
co.uk. B
Vocabulary B B
A 1 treated poorly Suggested answers:
1 tolerant 2 generous inundation of 1 Treating animals well shows
2 corrupt 3 heavy reliance on that we are kind people and
3 humane 4 feigned ignorance the opposite shows that we are
4 brutal uncaring.
5 callous C 2 People talk a lot about helping
6 merciful 1 The grant for the charity is and making a change, but it’s
7 prejudiced under review. what they do that shows who
8 apathetic 2 The new nursery is under they really are.
construction. 3 It’s important to take care of
3 The burglar is under arrest. ourselves and our loved ones,
B
4 Carol is under suspicion of theft. and in doing that, we can
1 do away with
5 The fort is under attack. extend our help to others.
2 face up to
4 We can do things today to
3 comes down to
D shape the future in the way we
4 cut back on
1 have had their homes destroyed want it to be.
5 came out of
2 has had their farmland stricken
3 had a tenth of its buildings C
C consumed 1 5; 3; After all, can you imagine
1d 2c 3a 4b 5c 4 had/got a route bulldozed what it would be like having to
5 were having/getting aid leave your home?
D delivered 2 1; 2; What would life be like if
1 came/went 6 are currently having/getting nature were completely ruined?
2 formed their health checked 3 4; 4; How would you like living
3 fallen in a place as polluted as this?
4 get E
5 turning 1 of the charity have been under D
scrutiny Sample answer:
E 2 workers haven’t got the new Giving a best friend a home
1 intolerable school constructed Every morning as I leave my house,
2 impoverished/poor 3 had (the) beachgoers running I’m greeted by my neighbour’s
3 disregard for adoring cat. She’s allowed to roam
4 misappropriation 4 is expected to be around freely and, like clockwork,
5 disreputable 5 is under occupation she knows when I’m off for work. I’ve
6 unlawfully/lawlessly got two cats of my own who see me
7 fraudulent Listening when I wake up, but it’s remarkable
8 distrustful/mistrustful how the cat next door is smart
A
enough to know my daily schedule.
passionate, nuisance, wary,
Grammar Isn’t it amazing how intelligent
overrated, strict, feels sorry, ignored,
and loving animals are? They are
A unaware, appreciates, concern
all deserving of a home, but sadly
2 The plate of canapés was
there are many who haven’t got one.
quickly devoured by the starving B
Shouldn’t they have a place to call
travellers. 1b 2c 3a 4c 5b 6a 7a 8a
their own?
4 The money was laundered
It’s an issue that concerns me deeply,
through a corrupt foreign bank. Writing
so I’ve visited my local animal shelter
5 The streets were lined with A to see how I can help. There I met
protesters in anticipation of the 1 I saved the most wonderful staff who are so
prime minister. 2 solution very caring for animals, provide a
6 Ninety per cent of the residents 3 man's best friend safe place for them to stay and do
were vaccinated (by medical 4 go up in smoke so on a limited budget. They also
workers) in one day. 5 forced to flee play with and nurture them, but the
Sentence 6 does not need 6 animal abuse goal is to find them a permanent
an agent because it can be The better choices either made home.
assumed that ‘medical workers’ the title personal, used a play on I’ve decided to assist them however
did the vaccinating. words, such as a rhyme, or used I can. I urge local shops to put out
The other sentences cannot be more dramatic language to grab the small collection jars for stray pets.
made into the passive because reader’s attention. I explain that the money goes to
the verbs are intransitive.
the animal shelter, so that they can
provide better care. I also post
notices on social media to try to get
pets adopted. So far I’ve managed
159
 to place three cats and two dogs. D Listening
Although my neighbourhood is 1 shrinkage A
largely free of strays, it’s important 2 contradictory Suggested answer:
to get stray cats and dogs into a 3 proximity A piece of factual information that
shelter, so that they can get medical 4 homogenous contradicts or clarifies an opinion or
treatment and other basic services. 5 interdependence widely held belief that the speaker
As the saying goes, ‘Society can be 6 globalisation just voiced
judged by how it treats animals,’ so 7 connectivity
we shouldn’t neglect them, should 8 antisocial B
we? 1c 2b 3d 4a 5b
Take it from me – it’s a rewarding E
experience to help out a pet in 1c 2a 3c 4b 5d 6b 7d 8b Writing
need. With just a little effort, you can
A
make a difference in the lives of the Grammar 1b 2c 3d 4a
most wonderful creatures on Earth –
A
our best friends!
1 You can check your emails B
remotely almost anywhere. 1
Unit 4 2 She couldn’t locate her friend’s A good crowdfunding campaign
profile on Twitter. takes organisation, and *I would like
Reading 3 They should have said thanks to advertise it through social media,
A when they left the party. ✓ in hopes that more community
Suggested answers: 4 He may/might have registered members will donate. I would also
Q1: d; Q2: a, d multiple accounts on the same like your office to endorse the
site. campaign publicly, as ✓ that will help
B 5 We mustn’t/can’t send texts us reach our goals.
1c 2d 3b 4b 5b 6a while driving a vehicle. 2
6 Hadn’t we better invite the I am writing in response to the
Vocabulary O’Hares to the wedding? ban on mobile phone use that the
A 7 I won’t create an online profile board has imposed on educational
1 lobby because I prefer anonymity. institutions. ✓ Hindering our ability
2 throng to communicate with one another
3 dynasty B is a path towards isolation. ✓ What
4 flock 1 can’t have recognised it achieves is it makes individuals
5 troupe 2 needn’t have deleted/didn’t resent the very place that they are
6 diaspora have to delete supposed to learn.
7 pack 3 shouldn’t have uploaded 3
8 choir 4 will spend Exchanging pleasantries with our
5 Can I post neighbours is about as far as most
B people go in getting to know one
1 one-side one-sided C another these days. It’s this lack of
2 long-gone long-lost 1 Don’t (you) dare mention contact that I have witnessed in our
3 most best 2 daren’t/doesn’t dare publish neighbourhood, so *I am taking it
4 brain-boggling mind-boggling 3 need I say upon myself to organise a meet-and-
5 incorrect wrong 4 needn’t apologise greet at our town hall this coming
6 dense thick 5 needn’t have bought Saturday.
7 quick-lived short-lived 4
8 levels degrees D ✓ My main argument against social
1b 2c 3b 4c media is that ✓ if misused, it can
C harm a person’s reputation and
1 detract E even result in a loss of friends or a
2 up 1 will job. Had I known of the dangers, I
3 dominating 2 cannot might not have opened an account.
4 get 3 not As such, *I would like to share my
5 met 4 ought advice for staying out of harm’s way.
6 base 5 must
7 on-and-off 6 can C
8 lose 7 should/must 1
8 have Suggested answer:
Personally, I protect myself
online simply because posting an
inappropriate comment or photo can
result in a ruined reputation. When

160
you upload personal details to social
media sites or the internet at large,
you create a permanent record.
Furthermore, it can be accessed by
hackers, causing a threat as regards
privacy issues. Careful consideration
of what we post online is of utmost
importance.
Question answers
A magazine editor; an experience;
Main paragraph 1
2 believe we can make this a reality.
Suggested answer:
Going forward, what I see is a
community coming together in a
common area enjoying one another’s
company and getting to know one
another better. What this results in
is cooperation, increased interaction
and mutual trust. Having trust in a
community serves as a cornerstone
for sharing ideas and protecting one
another. Were it not for trust, would
communities not struggle to survive?
Question answers:
A council/local government official; a
plan; Main paragraph 3
D
Suggested answer:
To whom it may concern:
I am writing to ask your help in
remodelling a run-down community
theatre. Returning this once-majestic
theatre back to its former state is
a desire expressed by many of our
fellow citizens. I would like to start a
crowdfunding campaign to do that,
and I would like you to come on
board with the project.
Personally, I believe a key aspect
of a strong community is being
able to come together with your
neighbours, help one another in
times of need, share ideas about
cooperation, and build mutual trust.
Remodelling the community theatre
is a terrific way to achieve this, and
giving community members a way
to directly take part is the reason I
would like to use a crowdfunding
campaign to raise money.
Of course, a good crowdfunding
campaign takes organisation. I plan
to create a profile for the theatre,
with photos of how it once was and
ideas for future use. I would like to
advertise the campaign through
social media; what this will achieve is
that more community members will
learn about it and donate. I would 7 irreparable
also like your office to endorse the 8 shrinkage
campaign publicly, as that will help
us go the extra mile in reaching our F
goals. 1 were under review by the
I hope to achieve a fully funded 2 he should not/shouldn’t have/
theatre remodelling from the ought not to have yelled
campaign and to get the theatre 3 show being cancelled
up and running as soon as possible. 4 are getting their house
I also hope that the crowdfunding repainted by the
campaign puts community members 5 would not/wouldn’t dare
with like-minded ideas in touch mention the incident that
with one another. With your help, I happened
6 can’t/cannot/couldn’t/could not
Going forward, what I see is a have paid for
community that comes closer
together through shared ideas, Unit 5
cooperation and increased
interaction. No sooner had I realised Reading
how crowdfunding could make this
A
happen than I penned this letter to
Suggested answers:
your office. I look forward to working
(text)
with you to help our community
permanence, testament to man’s
grow.
ability, create something that’s
Yours faithfully,
… opposite, ice hotels, bars and
(Student’s name)
restaurants, large ice structures such
as these, massive structure, fanfare,
Review 2 eventually razed, deeper connection,
sliver of what we face in life, latter
Vocabulary is certainly proof that mankind’s
A determination knows no boundaries
1c 2c 3a 4d 5c 6c 7b 8d 9b (missing paragraphs)
10b 11c 12d 13a 14c 15d 16b takes a bit of letting go, smaller
17a 18d 19c 20c municipalities, adjacent ice-skating
rink and toboggan slide, that
Grammar depressing thought, grandiose as
an entire village, This misfortune,
B
visitors pay hundreds of euros a
1d 2c 3d 4a 5c 6d 7b 8a 9b
night to stay in, in neighbouring
10a 11c 12d 13d 14d 15c 16b
China, That … cannot be said about
17d 18d 19d 20a
ice sculptures, Designed by Russian
architect
Use of English
C B
1c 2a 3c 4c 5a 6d 7b 8d 1G 2A 3E 4H 5B 6D 7C
D Vocabulary
1 will
A
2 is
1 inspiration
3 burying
2 initiative
4 face
3 ineptness
5 being
4 criticism
6 better
5 setback
7 not
6 prevalence
8 together
B
E
1 high
1 distraction
2 rude
2 analogous
3 mean
3 recreational
4 rosy
4 unconsciously
5 disregard
6 intolerant
161
 5 fast 5 What D
6 rough 6 If Suggested answer:
How effective are aptitude tests in
C C judging our skills? Two contrasting
1 in 1 would not have given views on the subject are the
2 up 2 are going to search usefulness of tests in screening
3 caught 3 had stood potential employees, and the flaws
4 leapt 4 wouldn't have of tests that overlook otherwise
5 In 5 were sitting valuable skills and experience.
6 corner 6 would have cheated In some cases, tests can be
7 retrospect 7 wouldn't be driving valuable. There are companies that
8 to 8 were to go administer aptitude tests to assess
a multitude of skills, such as how
D D well an employee can demonstrate
1 throw 1 could leadership, how good they are at
2 get 2 aren’t problem solving and how adept
3 held 3 must they are at using numbers. This
4 fell 4 will can give hiring managers an idea
5 make 5 might of who to hire and where to put
6 plucked 6 won’t them. Additionally, these tests are
7 hold an inexpensive way of analysing a
8 ahead E person’s skill set. They cannot take
1b 2c 3c 4a 5d 6a 7b 8a the place of a face-to-face interview
E entirely, but they can provide an
1b 2b 3b 4d 5d 6a 7b 8a Listening extra layer of knowledge about a
candidate’s skills.
A On the other hand, it should be
Grammar
Suggested answers: noted that testing does not always
A particularly impressed, reply, give the most accurate reading of
1 Unless we learn how to solve inspired, conducted, women’s wear a person’s abilities. Some people
problems, life will be difficult./ collection, take up, While going to have test anxiety, which translates
Life will be difficult unless we work, most recent, top influence, into poorer test performance. Were
learn how to solve problems. words of his songs they in a comfortable working
2 They would survive the night
environment, one might find that
providing (that) we gave them B their skill set outperforms other
shelter./Providing (that) we gave 1 live performances candidates with higher test scores.
them shelter, they would survive 2 personal anecdotes Also, it is worth bearing in mind
the night. 3 ballet dancer that there may be barriers in the
3 Given the choice, she would 4 slabs of meat (in a butcher’s tests that can be more problematic
have studied abroad./She would shop) for some candidates. An individual
have studied abroad given the 5 (graceful) giraffes whose language skills are not as
choice. 6 (mindless) doodles well-honed as a native speaker’s
4 But for keeping your job, you 7 subconscious/dreams might do poorly on a test, when the
would have lost your house./You 8 bluegrass reality is that their specific skills are
would have lost your house but
compatible with the company.
for keeping your job. Writing All things considered, testing does
5 Supposing the scandal hadn’t
A provide an insight into a person’s
occurred, could John be
2 and 3 complement each other, 1 abilities. We should, however, keep
president?/Could John be
contrasts with 2 and 3. in mind that it can never reveal the
president supposing the scandal
whole picture.
hadn’t occurred?
B
6 You’ll graduate from university
1 2&3 Unit 6
as/so long as you pass your
2 1&2
exams./As/So long as you pass
3 2&3 Reading
your exams, you’ll graduate
4 1&3
from university. A
Students’ own answers
C
B
1S 2E 3R 4S 5E
1 Had B
2 Were 1a 2d 3b 4d 5c 6b
3 But
4 Given

162
Vocabulary C Phrases:
A 1 would prefer punishment fits the crime
1 stimulus 2 had better rehabilitation programme
2 blackmail 3 it’s time safety concerns
3 squander 4 If only severity of offence
4 proxy 5 would rather
5 settlement 6 wish C
6 misuse 7 as if 12 21 31 41 52 62
7 concessions 8 better
8 incur D
D Suggested answer:
B 1 had Prompt 1:
1 spendthrift 2 only People are sometimes faced with
2 shady 3 such moral dilemmas at work. They
3 above board 4 under uncover information that the
4 entitled 5 little company they work for has been
5 corner 6 until hiding from the public, perhaps to
6 corrupt 7 no preserve the company’s image or
7 go 8 once perhaps to avoid legal troubles. Not
8 crack saying anything makes them guilty,
E but betraying their employer could
1 would prefer to end their career. While whistle-
C
2 it had such terrible / of such blowers can be beneficial to society,
1 soar
terrible one can see how they could be
2 abuse
3 not one (good) reason could considered traitors to the people
3 red
4 only after Catherine had finished who employed them.
4 bribery
eating did she A very beneficial aspect of a
5 opulent
5 No sooner had they got their whistle-blower is when they reveal
6 bet
lottery winnings information that pertains to matters
7 cuts
8 tape of public safety. Let’s take into
Listening consideration a car manufacturer
D A that has been hiding the fact that
1 line Handling debt, speakers’ its automobiles have been failing
2 of experiences, speakers’ feelings safety standards. They are doing this
3 side in order to avoid having to spend
4 egg B a huge amount of money to fix a
5 off 1F 2G 3E 4A 5C 6D 7C 8B 9G manufacturing process. But these
6 lane 10E cars are going out on the road and a
7 into faulty brake or an explosive electrical
8 last Writing system could kill someone. It is not
A hard to see how an employee with
E 1C 2A 3B 4C 5B high moral standards could have an
1d 2d 3b 4c 5d 6a 7a 8b issue with keeping this knowledge a
B secret.
Grammar Prompt 1: On the other hand, an employee
A; underlined key words: Microloans, that has signed a confidentiality
A
very small loans, help families agreement with an employer takes it
1 was, had
start small businesses, prospective upon themselves to keep company
2 situations, circumstances
merchants, helping hand, beneficial secrets just that – a secret. By
3 did, would
Phrases: violating a contract, they are in a
4 after, until
dreams fulfilled sense going against their word. It
5 credit, account
helping the poor is damaging to their character and
6 will, had
jumpstart the economy their careers suffer because other
7 a, no
stepping stone companies may be wary of hiring
8 loses, lost
them. Perhaps it could be said that
Prompt 2: whatever problems they discovered
B
C; underlined key words: non-violent within the company should be
1 such
crimes, go to different, sometimes handled internally. Of course,
2 Such
nicer, prisons than violent offenders, perhaps they attempted that first
3 So
Is it important to keep, separate or, and they did not get the outcome
4 So
live with other criminals they were looking for.
5 so
To conclude, while it may be
6 such
163
 beneficial for society to come can never know what your son Unit 7
forward with damaging information or daughter is going to do with
about your employer, there is their finances once they have Reading
very much a risk of being given a their freedom from home. For this A
negative label for doing good. It is a reason, allowing them to use credit He describes an experience he had
shame, but one must imagine that a cards during their teenage years as a child with his dad.
whistle-blower’s positive impact on is a practical way for them to get
society must serve as compensation educated about their use. B
for the damage done to their 1C 2D 3A 4H 5F 6B 7E
careers. Review 3
Vocabulary
Prompt 2: Vocabulary
It goes without saying that teenagers A
A 1 track
should learn about managing their
1c 2d 3b 4c 5c 6d 7d 8a 9c 2 whim
money. We all know that money
10d 11d 12a 13a 14d 15b 16c 3 buzz
does not end with cash; there is
17b 18c 19a 20c 4 tip
plastic money to be considered as
well. Obviously, there are pitfalls to 5 drain
Grammar 6 eye
avoid when it comes to using credit
cards and perhaps the best way for B
teenagers to learn about them is to 1b 2b 3d 4a 5d 6c 7c 8b 9b B
use credit cards while they are still 10d 11c 12c 13b 14d 15d 16d 1 invasion
living with their parents. 17b 18c 19d 20a 2 place
First of all, a few complicated 3 spelt
things have got to be learnt about Use of English 4 bitter
credit cards, such as interest rates, C 5 phenomenon
minimum payments and so forth. 1b 2c 3a 4d 5a 6d 7b 8d 6 difference
Having a parent around to help 7 indulge
a young person navigate these D 8 drive
features will make them better 1 inspiration
equipped at using them. A mum or 2 motivation C
dad can explain that the higher the 3 extravagantly 1 picturesque
balance on a card, the more money 4 miserly 2 educated
that is paid in interest, and it can 5 criticism 3 undesirable
be quite high. They can also inform 6 misuse 4 fearlessness
them of how much they will have to 7 undervalued 5 graphically
pay per month based on any given 8 powerless 6 baggage
balance and what happens if they 7 rarity
miss a payment or get so far behind E 8 provincial
that the bank will start calling them. 1 only
Another reason parental supervision 2 supposing D
might be a good idea is due to the 3 rather 1 spur
deceptive nature of buying things 4 what 2 ear
with credit cards. It is easy to use 5 had 3 upon/across/onto
them to pay for things, rather than 6 would 4 on
forking out the cash. But teenagers 7 no 5 sense
can easily forget that they will have 8 such 6 off
to pay the balance at the end of the 7 catch
month or even what that balance F 8 throw
is at any given point in time. They 1 but for the coach’s interference,
can run up their accounts quickly they would have E
and then be stuck with a bill they 2 attend the conference providing 1a 2b 3d 4b 5a 6b 7b 8d
cannot pay. With parents around, (that) the entrance fee
they can ask for help if they get into 3 it’s time (that) Stacy moved Grammar
trouble. Perhaps making some of the 4 had better apply today before A
mistakes early on before it can really it’s too 1 perfectly clean
damage their finances is beneficial 5 were not so/less irritable, he 2 immensely stressed
as well. wouldn’t get 3 positively glowing
In short, while it might be a good 6 under no circumstances should 4 annoyingly loud
idea to promote the avoidance she open 5 dangerously high
of credit cards altogether, you 6 unbelievably charming

164
B the world, there are few
1a 2c 3b 4c 5c 6c better opportunities than
to volunteer abroad. It can
C provide experience in tackling
1 hardly real-world problems while
2 virtually giving individuals a different
3 Barely perspective on life. It is even
4 scarcely a perfect fit for those who
5 practically have amassed a great deal of
6 almost experience and knowledge
during their professional lives
D and who want communities
1 puppies alive in need around the globe to
2 fire was ablaze benefit from this.
3 passengers aboard 2 Know what you are getting into
4 patient was aglow For some, volunteering abroad
seems like a luxury for the
E young and well-off, but many
1 The people responsible for the staffing agencies who find
damage should/must come volunteers for organisations
forward. in host countries stress that
2 Concerned citizens met in the this does not have to be the
town hall. case. These agencies can help
3 The damaged goods were individuals find organisations
destroyed. willing to pay for volunteers
4 Belongings damaged by/in the to travel to the host country,
fire will be/are going to be/have providing they have the right
been/are being replaced. skill set. They can also drastically
5 Responsible people pay bills on cut down on volunteers’
time. travel expenses by providing
6 Residents concerned about accommodation. While they do
flooding should/can/could call not offer a stipend, they can
this number. make sure you spend very little
while you are there.
F
1 nowhere Key points c and f contrast with
2 few the texts.
3 never
4 particular C A
5 bit/little 12 21 32 41 52 61
6 with/by
7 barely D 3 alumni
8 which Suggested answer:
International volunteering is a
Listening rewarding, beneficial experience,
but to make the best of it, certain
A
conditions must be met. This
I’ve got a lot on my plate = I’m very
pertains to both the volunteers who
busy at the moment.
get involved and the organisations
B who seek them.
Firstly, most volunteers have
1a 2b 3c 4c 5c 6a 7b 8c
hugely different backgrounds from
the local individuals who run the
Writing
organisations in the host country.
A 4 retentive
As a result, there can be a clash of
a -- b2 c -- d1 e2 f -- g-- h1
cultures between volunteers and
management. There can also be
B 7 inexplicable
vast differences in educational levels
1 Making a difference a world
between volunteers and local staff.
away
Volunteers should do their best to
For those looking for some
respect the way locals are running
work experience and who
their organisation so as to foster
have a desire to go out into
cooperation and unity for the task at
hand.
By the same token, organisations
should do their best to choose the
right individuals and make sure they
are ready for the job when they
arrive. An organisation tasked with
rebuilding schools might do better
with an international volunteer
who knows how to build things,
as opposed to someone trained in
sustainable agriculture. Additionally,
making sure the volunteer has had
some kind of training about what
the organisation does and what the
volunteer should expect on the job
can go a long way in helping them
to settle into their roles.
In brief, while international
volunteers are a valuable resource
and make positive efforts overall,
volunteers as well as organisations
should ensure that they are the right
fit for the position and that basic
training needs are fulfilled. That way,
both sides are getting as much out
of the experience as possible.
Unit 8
Reading
A
B
1C 2B 3A 4D 5B 6E 7A 8B 9E
10C
Vocabulary
1 criterion
2 curricula
4 stimuli
5 parentheses
6 appendix
7 phenomena
8 indices
9 matrices
10 bacterium
B
1 receptive
2 infinite
3 intimate
5 indicative
6 argumentative
8 intelligible
165
 C D teacher’s resource pack, 1
1 sphere, spanned 1 whether multimedia components, 1
2 thesis, theory 2 his disorganised management, 2
3 syllabus, schedule 3 denied
4 analysis, methodology 4 how C
5 supplementary, appendix 5 using The learning content is great
6 scholarly, reasoning 6 over suitable for nursery school children,
7 academics, formidable 7 in enrolling as it teaches them basic maths
8 insight, surmise 8 if arithmetic and spelling skills. There
is a mix of sights visual stimuli, such
D E as pictures with words labelled
1 same 1c 2b 3c 4c 5c 6d 7a 8a photography, and sounds audio
2 in stimuli, such as music that teaches
3 towards Listening through words lyrics, which helps all
4 up A children.
5 by Gap 1 The learning environment is helpful
6 on constructive, and all of the teachers
7 hard B care about are sensitive to the
8 lines 1 education board’s children’s needs. Each child gets
2 articles one-on-one time with personal
E 3 statistical data attention from teachers on a daily
1 disrespectful 4 failure rates basis and we are proud of ourselves
2 rationale 5 mathematics instructor for pride ourselves on forming
3 inexplicably 6 information transmission friendships special bonds with
4 analytical 7 updating of children that make them feel happy
5 appendices 8 self-discipline content.
6 receptive Headings: Learning content,
7 envision/envisage Writing Learning environment
8 philosophical
A
D
1R 2E 3F 4R 5E
Grammar Suggested answer:
A Nursery school education
B
1 cancelling to cancel programme
a
2 reading her uncle her uncle to Introduction
Task 1: a superior, a school
read The aim of this report is to describe
administrator
3 that the university the university and evaluate the nursery school
Task 2: a peer group
that education programme that I teach
Task 3: a superior, a school
4 of me me of at First Steps Day Care, as well as
administrator
5 to build building assess its benefits for parents who
6 to rewrite on on rewriting/that wish to enrol their children and give
b
he rewrite a few recommendations.
Task 1:
Learning Content
Components on offer
B The programme’s learning content
Quality of materials
1 suggested is suitable for nursery school aged
Target age range
2 offered children, as it teaches them basic
3 agreed arithmetic and spelling skills as well
Task 2:
4 encourages/encouraged as how to recognise basic words.
Activities undertaken
5 complained The programme also meets the
Organisation
6 assured needs of different learning styles
Expertise
among children. For example, there
C is a mix of visual stimuli, such as
Task 3:
1 Bill denied cheating in the labelled photography, and audio
Test sections
exam. stimuli, such as music that teaches
Test task types
2 Sue congratulated Neil on through lyrics, which helps all
Effectiveness
graduating. children learn in some way.
3 They apologised for being late. Learning environment
c
4 Sean inquired about the The learning environment is friendly
reading comprehension, 3
graduate programme. and constructive. All of the teachers,
not very knowledgeable, 2
5 Kelly described the events to including myself, are kind and
fresh, engaging content, 1
Sheila. sensitive to the children. Each child
adolescent learners, 1
6 They stated that the funds gets personal attention on a daily
misplaced candidates, 3
would be/were delayed. basis and we pride ourselves on
grammar companion, 1
forming special bonds with children
166
that make them feel comfortable in 5 how 4 behind
this environment. 6 on 5 on
Activities for children 7 whether 6 papers
There are a number of interactive 8 no 7 off
games the children can play with, 8 from
which also double as learning F
devices. Children are encouraged 1 there were barely any trees E
to work together to create things, 2 materials were given to people 1d 2a 3c 4d 5a 6b 7d 8d
which spurs both their creativity present at the
and their teamwork abilities. 3 warned the employees not to Grammar
Teachers organise several group be/about being A
activities such as guessing games, 4 was accused of lying to 1 what
arts and crafts, and basic science 5 soldiers fought valiantly 2 none of whom
experiments, all of which are both 6 asked Paul whether or not he 3 whose car
entertaining and thought-provoking. was 4 both of which
Conclusion
In conclusion, I would say that it Unit 9 B
would be wise of parents to place 1 All
their children in day care that Reading 2 A few
provides a nursery school learning 3 A number
A
programme such as the one at First 4 One
Questions 2 and 7
Steps Day Care. It is recommended
that any working mums and dads C
B
who are in need of day care should 1 participating
1b 2d 3a 4b 5a 6c 7a 8d
consider a programme like ours. 2 claimed
Not only does it provide a safe 3 suffering
Vocabulary
environment for a child, but it also 4 completed
gives a child a head start in learning. A
5 lining
1 landlord
2 neutral
Review 4 3 dispense
D
1 so as to/in order to
4 autonomous
Vocabulary 2 Even though/Although/Much as
5 references
A 3 What with/In view of/Because
6 orientating
1d 2b 3c 4c 5c 6d 7a 8d 9b of/Due to/Owing to
7 sublet
10b 11c 12b 13d 14c 15a 16c 4 so
8 enfranchised
17c 18c 19b 20b 5 so as not to/in order not to
B
Grammar 1 independence E
B 2 eviction 1b 2b 3b 4a 5c 6a
1c 2d 3c 4b 5c 6a 7c 8b 9b 3 entitlement
10b 11d 12b 13c 14a 15c 16c 4 obligatory F
17b 18c 19d 20d 5 disorientated 1 so as not to make a
6 dismissive 2 new neighbours, one of whom is
Use of English 7 immaturity from
8 hierarchically 3 the contractors in order to finish
C
4 having signed the lease, they
1c 2b 3a 4d 5a 6d 7b 8a
C were informed of
1 step 5 man standing on the other side
D
2 strike of the
1 spherical
2 insight 3 settle
4 stand Listening
3 inquisitive
4 oddities 5 fend A
5 deciding 6 pull Question 2
6 infinitely 7 lift
7 ominous 8 tend B
8 appendices 1b 2c 3c 4a 5a 6b
D
E 1 up Writing
1 off 2 with A
2 whim 3 in 1 E, persuasion
3 not/never 2 E, argument
4 on 3 A, description
167
 4 A, anecdote Personally, I think minor catastrophes 5 grounds, ground
5 E, analysis such as this are worth enduring 6 height, heights
6 A, narration when you’re doing something as
great as running your own business B
B successfully. 1 none
finding the financial backing: 3, 8 So these are a few things to consider 2 else
forming partnerships with friends: when starting your own enterprise – 3 little
1, 5 a challenging yet very fulfilling and 4 any
having a strong character: 2, 7 rewarding adventure. Good luck! 5 everyone
planning out your business: 4, 6 6 has
1D 2D 3N 4N 5N 6D 7D 8A Unit 10 7 neither
8 another
C Reading
1 6, planning out your business C
2 2, having a strong character A 1 one another
Paragraphs A, F and G 2 yourself
D 3 themselves
Suggested answer: B 4 herself
Thinking of starting your 1F 2E 3G 4C 5H 6B 7D 5 ourselves
own business? It’s a terrific
accomplishment, and speaking for Vocabulary D
myself, it’s something to be proud A 1 A, –, the, the
of. Here are what I consider the two 1b 2a 3c 4c 5b 6a 2 the, the, the, –
most important aspects of starting a 3 –, a, a, a
business. B 4 The, –, the, the
First, it takes a great deal of careful 1 inertia, f 5 One, an, –, the
consideration to get a business up 2 frank, e 6 The, a, –, the
and running. You have to conjure up 3 forfeiture, d
a good idea, if you haven’t already 4 subscription, c E
done so. Is there something you’re 5 endorse, b 1 anyone
good at making, such as jewellery 6 volume, a 2 those
or T-shirt designs? In my case it was 3 ourselves
the latter and, thankfully, I knew C 4 everyone
artists who could draw the designs I 1 tempts 5 the
wanted. You also need to consider a 2 sway 6 a
suitable business location that works 3 lobby 7 something
for you. Do you picture yourself 4 account 8 nowhere
selling your arts and crafts at a stand 5 toss
in a busy commercial area of town 6 liken Listening
to passers-by? Or do you want to do 7 degree A
what I did and set it up online, with 8 pulled Positive opinions: A, D, G
photos of your work and a smooth, Negative opinions: B, C, E, F, H
prompt delivery service? Answering D
these questions will go a long way in 1 rule B
helping you plan. 2 geared 1E 2H 3A 4D 5C 6G 7D 8C 9F
Another important aspect is having 3 win 10H
a strong character, in my opinion. 4 wear
You have to deal with the public, 5 push Writing
who can be very inquisitive, friendly 6 get
7 drive A
and engaging, but they can also
8 talk 1 ✓
complain. How you handle them
2 --
will be hugely instrumental in the
E 3 ✓
success – or failure – of your new
1d 2a 3c 4b 5d 6b 7d 8a 4 --
enterprise. You’ll also have to be
5 ✓
very responsible; you may have
to burn the midnight oil in the Grammar B
beginning until you get the hang of A 1 X, The topic in 2 is better for an
it. I remember once when the server 1 papers, paper analysis, rather than a narrative
I use for my business crashed and 2 room, rooms element.
I had to scramble to get someone 3 jams, jam 2 X, The topic in 3 asks how
in to fix it. We were up very late 4 currencies, currency people in a community are
into the night making sure it was
affected, not the writer.
fully functional and back in service.
168
3 5 Review 5 Vocabulary
4 1 A
Vocabulary 1 memoirs
C A 2 blackmail
1 ✓ 1d 2c 3c 4a 5a 6d 7c 8b 9c 3 exile
2 -- 10c 11d 12b 13d 14b 15b 16a 4 credible
3 ✓ 17c 18a 19b 20a 5 string
6 fabled
D 7 hounded
Grammar
Suggested answer: 8 limelight
Many of us have brands that we B
9 column
know and love; they are tried and 1c 2c 3a 4a 5c 6b 7d 8b 9b
10 immortal
tested, offer consistent quality 10d 11c 12b 13d 14c 15d 16c
and provide comfort in our lives. 17d 18a 19b 20c
B
Sometimes, though, a person can 1 stalked
fall prey to brand addiction, where Use of English 2 slander
they cannot help but buy certain C 3 stardom
brands, and it ends up defining who 1b 2c 3a 4c 5a 6b 7c 8d 4 anecdote
they are. 5 splash
My friend Justin’s problem D 6 obscurity
epitomises this out-of-control 1 dismissal 7 illustrious
behaviour and I give you the 2 indispensable 8 excerpts
following situation as an example. 3 uncharismatic 9 eminent
We are at a gathering with a mix 4 hierarchical 10 feasible
of well-known friends and casual 5 acquisition
acquaintances. I overhear him ask 6 manipulative C
someone about their clothing label, 7 hypocritical 1d 2a 3b 4b 5b 6a
to which he says, ‘Oh, I don’t buy 8 obligation
that label. I find the quality isn’t D
to my liking.’ Now, in many ways, E 1 of
Justin is a terrific guy: a very loyal 1 a 2 over
friend and an intelligent person. But 2 each 3 by/to
if he could only hear himself talk. It 3 the 4 on
was not the friendliest of comments 4 Neither 5 in
and it made Justin look as if he had 5 what 6 at
an inferiority complex. His brand 6 in 7 of
addiction characterises him as being 7 themselves 8 in
narrow-minded, even if that is not 8 order
who he really is. 9 himself E
I would also like to point out that 10 so 1 acclaimed
being addicted to certain brands 2 notoriously
equates to an unwillingness to try F 3 international
new things and such an individual 1 checked one another’s 4 correspondents
is going to get stuck in their ways 2 to whom they gave the project 5 illustrious
early on in life. Justin’s brand was a 6 conspiracy
addiction means he lacks interest 3 winning over 7 publicity
in considering anything outside of 4 so as not to get burnt by 8 infamous
his established catalogue of luxury 5 great deal of products were
brands. Aside from being expensive, damaged Grammar
this habit robs an individual of 6 view of his poor performance,
variety, which as they say is the spice A
he was laid
of life. 1 to publish
Getting over any addiction is 2 editing
difficult, especially when the Unit 11 3 printing
person does not really believe it to 4 to broadcast
be a problem. But I urge anyone Reading 5 type
suffering from brand addiction to A 6 blogging
make an attempt to break out of Questions 1, 3 and 5 7 writing
their comfort zone and challenge 8 posting
themselves to try new things. B
1d 2c 3a 4b 5c 6b

169
 B Concert review knows where they want to sit based
1 attending on whether they are left-handed or
2 read captivating/commanding/ right-handed. It is mesmerising to
3 asking disappointing/electrifying watch him instruct his apprentices
4 to hear performance, captivating/ in preparing dishes repeatedly until
5 to discuss commanding/electrifying presence, they get it just right.
6 enter electrifying sound, harmonious Underpinning this documentary is
7 to hire melodies gripping direction that takes you
8 building on a step-by-step journey of sushi
B making. Each introduction about
C Suggested answers: a sushi-making process is short
1 to do 1 poignant documentary and artful, almost like a piece of
2 saying 2 electrifying sound sushi. Seldom do you see a style of
3 to pick 3 intended audience filmmaking that embodies a cooking
4 nagging 4 compelling storyline/plot technique. This is what makes it
5 meeting 5 main protagonist worth watching.
6 pulling If the documentary has any
C shortcomings, it’s that – like sushi – it
D 1 Main paragraph 2 leaves you wanting more. It is by far
1 winning 2 Main paragraph 3 and away the best 80 minutes you
2 accounting 3 Conclusion could ever view about this culinary
3 harm 4 Introduction art form, even if you’re not a fan of
4 hoping 5 Main paragraph 1 raw fish.
5 eating
6 pleasing D
Suggested answer: Unit 12
7 knowing
8 looking Like most people, when I was first
presented with the opportunity to Reading
E try sushi, I felt more than a little A
1c 2b 3b 4d 5b 6a 7b 8a uncomfortable. But I’m happy to in Text A, next to ‘3,000 BCE’; in
say that my curiosity won me over. Text B, next to ‘2nd century’; in Text
Since then, the more I consume it, D, next to ‘3rd millennium BCE’ and
Listening
the more intrigued I am about its art ‘8th to 15th centuries’; in Text E,
A form. This compelled me to view a next to ‘light-years’
Questions 1 and 4 documentary titled Jiro Dreams of
Sushi, which chronicles the daily life B
B of an 85-year-old sushi maker still in 1D 2B 3A 4D 5A 6E 7C 8D 9A
1c 2b 3d 4b 5b search of the perfect sushi. 10B
The star of the poignant
Writing documentary, Jiro Ono, is a Vocabulary
A master sushi chef and a complete A
Suggested answers: perfectionist. His sushi bar is 1 reign
Film review tucked away in the basement of 2 archives
a Tokyo high-rise building. Ono’s 3 memorial
captivating/commanding presence, establishment has an impeccable
captivating/commanding/ 4 revival
reputation; it’s been awarded the 5 heirlooms
disappointing/poignant highest ratings from restaurant
performance, captivating/ 6 legacy
guides and the waiting list for a 7 vestiges
sweeping cinematography, table is three months. This is despite
clichéd/poignant anecdotes, 8 artefacts
paying around £300 for a mouth-
convoluted/gripping plot/storyline, watering plate of food that will
gripping direction, gripping/ B
probably take less than ten minutes 1 primitively
poignant/romantic tragedy, main to eat.
protagonist, underlying theme 2 observers
The documentary is only partly 3 disrespect
Book review about the art of sushi making. 4 orator
captivating/convoluted/gripping/ What it really offers is a compelling 5 ancestral
poignant/romantic storyline, storyline about a man who 6 chronicles
clichéd/poignant anecdotes, constantly struggles to please his 7 blurry/blurred
gripping/poignant/romantic customers. I enjoyed seeing Jiro be 8 normalise
tragedy, intended audience, main deeply observant of his patrons and
protagonist, underlying theme utterly dedicated to his craft. He

170
C 4 What they wore was ceremonial
1 closed
2 integration
3 mannerisms
4 insane
5 sit
6 clash
7 irreverent
8 dispute
D 1 all
1 old-time
2 deep-rooted
3 strongly-held
4 middle-aged
5 full-length
6 ever-present
7 light-hearted
8 time-honoured
E 1 was the stupendous finale of
1b 2d 3a 4b 5a 6c 7b 8d
Grammar
A Salk developed
1 It was the modern Olympic
Games
2 It was a French educator
3 It was in Athens
4 It was Baron Pierre de Coubertin
5 It was at the Panathenaic
Stadium
B lacking, not, dissimilar; Question 6
1 It was an unknown composer
who wrote the national anthem
of the UK.
2 It was 6,000 years ago when the
Phoenicians brought the olive
tree to Spain.
3 It was during battle that Joan of
Arc, a heroine of France, died in
Normandy in 1431.
4 It wasn’t George Washington
Carver who invented peanut
butter, but rather, the Incas.
5 It was a Viking named Lief
Erickson who truly discovered
America, according to some.
C
1 All they eat for 40 days is fruit,
vegetables and simple grains./
All they eat is fruit, vegetables
and simple grains for 40 days.
2 What we know about the
excavation site is (that) it was
inhabited in 3,150 BC.
3 It wasn’t until two weeks later
that the townsfolk finished
celebrating Carnival.
life today and why
garb as they performed the they should be
ritual./What they wore as preserved
they performed the ritual was 3
ceremonial garb. Purpose: to describe problems
5 What the villagers did was that minorities face
decorate the town square and Target reader: the leader of your
clear the main street of cars. research study on
minority rights
D Context: aspects concerning
ways that minorities’
2 What rights are infringed
3 what upon, the importance
4 all of protecting their
5 what rights and their
6 all contribution to
7 What culture diversity
8 all
B
E 1C 2C 3B 4A 5A/B 6A/B/C
fireworks that scared C
2 a kettle does is heat up 1A 2B 3C 4B 5B 6 -- 7 -- 8C 9A
3 was in the 1950s when Jonas 10C 11C 12A
4 that is needed for the invention D
to work Suggested answer:
5 I would never do in an interview Influential people
is Introduction
The purpose of this report is to
Listening describe a historical figure in Greece,
A as well as outline the ways that this
dispelling, negating, leave out, person has influenced Greece’s
history and why it is important for
countries to honour great people in
B their history.
1a 2c 3b 4c 5c 6a Description
A ruler of Greece, Asia Minor and
beyond during the 4th century BC,
Writing
Alexander the Great is considered
A one of the greatest leaders in world
1 history. Born in Pella, northern
Purpose: to describe ways Greece, he was instrumental in
tours can offer culture expanding Greek territory and
to tourists spreading its culture to other places.
Target reader: your supervisors in a The two qualities that Alexander the
travel agency Great is most remembered for are
Context: ideas on how to his performance as a military general
include culture in and his love of Greek culture.
tours and how it will Military general
impact a tourist’s When his father died, Alexander
travel experience assumed leadership when he was
2 just 20. Although trained by fabled
Purpose: to provide philosopher Aristotle, Alexander
information to did not always handle others
museum visitors philosophically. He used force to
Target reader: patrons in a folklore unite the Greek territories, which
museum began to fall apart after news of his
Context: aspects of the father’s death. Through strategy
museum that patrons and a show of force, he brought
will find interesting, Greece together as one country.
how folklore Furthermore, as he pushed into
traditions influence foreign territory, he never lost a
171
 single battle, despite usually being 5 this
outnumbered. 6 would
Lover of culture 7 them
What Alexander is probably best 8 turning
known for is his desire to spread
Greek culture throughout Asia. F
His military campaigns took Greek 1 no knowing what Michael
forces all the way to India, and along 2 involves hiring a
the way, the people of ancient Persia 3 is in this country where
and other lands adopted Greek 4 I travel, all I take is
customs, which became interwoven 5 was delighted to run into
with their own. It was Alexander’s 6 couldn’t/wasn’t able to
dream that these cultures would remember participating
blend with Hellenism.
Conclusion
Looking back at Alexander the
Great’s life, one should pause for
thought at some of his actions,
especially his militaristic ones.
Thankfully, most nations today
spread their cultures through
peaceful means. Still, it is important
to remember the people who
influenced our countries and how
they did so. They give us hope that
we can accomplish great things, no
matter where we come from.

Review 6

Vocabulary
A
1b 2c 3c 4d 5c 6a 7c 8c 9b
10a 11b 12a 13c 14d 15c 16d
17c 18b 19d 20c

Grammar
B
1c 2b 3d 4c 5c 6c 7c 8c 9b
10d 11b 12b 13b 14d 15a 16d
17c 18b 19d 20a

Use of English
C
1c 2d 3b 4c 5d 6d 7a 8c

D
1 assumption
2 stereotypical
3 mannerisms
4 insensitivity
5 invasively
6 notoriety
7 diversity
8 discretion

E
1 at
2 to
3 no
4 what

172