Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

1  Do You Mind? F
Answers
1 sustain
Reading 2 cognitive
A 3 trauma
Answers 4 optimal
You can change most things wholly or in part, but not 5 empathetic
genetics. 6 determinant

B Vocabulary
Answers A
A brain injury caused the change. The physical Answers
environment was the cause as it was the result of
1 misspent
an accident.
2 dysfunctional
C 3 maladjusted
Answers 4 aberrant
5 abnormal
It focused on what is going right in the lives of young 6 misanthrope
people, rather than what is going wrong. All of the prefixes have a negative meaning.
E B
Answers Answers
1c 2d 3a 4b 5a 6d 7b 8c 1 venting
1c His miraculous survival, and the effects of the injury 2 bears
upon his character, made Gage an important case 3 breeds
study for scientists concerned with the brain and 4 swallow
human behaviour. / Gage’s injuries provided the 5 conducted
first solid evidence for a link between brain trauma 6 exerting
and personality change. 7 arouses
2d The subsequent blast propelled the rod through 8 assert
Gage’s left cheek, tore through his brain and exited
through the top of his skull … C
3a … he became … socially inappropriate. / It is Answers
involved in … inhibiting inappropriate behaviour …
1 cynical
4b Today, research is still being conducted into
2 Meticulous
his condition and the majority of introductory
3 uneasy
psychology textbooks mention Gage. His skull
4 obnoxious
and the iron rod are on display at the Warren
5 amiable
Anatomical Museum at Harvard University and are
6 eloquent
the most sought-out items there.
5a … 30-year study into childhood temperament and D
its impact on adult behaviours …/ … achieving Answers
optimal development and wellbeing. In measuring
positive development in young people … 1 obnoxious
6d In measuring positive development in young people, 2 amiable
researchers look for attributes and behaviours that 3 cynical
enable them to take an active role in the community 4 eloquent
… (It can only refer to young people as they are the 5 uneasy
group being studied in relation to taking an active 6 meticulous
role in the community, etc.) E
7b … have confidence that important organisations in
Answers
society would generally behave ethically and fairly
… 1 vulnerable
8c The findings are an invaluable resource for 2 distant
developing interventions and programmes that 3 mutual
reduce risks and also strengthen protective factors 4 compatible
to assist optimal development. 5 inseparable
6 platonic
7 unconditional
8 devoted

Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key  1

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 1 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 F B
Answers Answers
1 go back 1 I’ve been getting to know her. (It’s an ongoing
2 fell out situation, I’m still getting to know her.) I’ve got to
3 drifted apart know her. (I now know her quite well.)
4 settles down 2 The dog smelt terrible. (stative verb meaning the
5 led … on smell of the dog was terrible.)
6 come between The dog was smelling the flowers. (stative verb used
7 fit in to describe the dog’s action i.e. sniffing the flowers.)
8 worked up 3 The patient had forgotten to take her pills. (once.)
9 get out of The patient had been forgetting to take her pills.
10 stick up for (repeatedly, over a period of time.)
4 They imagine themselves somewhere calm. (every
G time they meditate.) They are imagining themselves
Answers somewhere calm. (right now in the yoga class.)
1 doing 5 I understood the problem. (stative verb, never used
2 egging in continuous tenses.) I was working on a solution.
3 winding (action going on at or around a certain time in the
4 stresses past.)
5 let
6 chills C
Answers
H 1 continuous
Answers 2 simple
1 face 3 continuous
2 arm’s 4 simple
3 shoulder 5 simple
4 chest
5 head D
6 back Answers
7 tongue 1b 2c 3b 4a 5b 6b
8 foot
9 elbow E
10 neck Answers
1 didn’t mean
I 2 made
Answers 3 forever
1 in 4 needs
2 beside 5 had received
3 on 6 had been
4 in 7 has been
5 at 8 controls
6 on 9 tell
7 against 10 was studying
8 in
9 on F
10 at Answers
11 on 1 have been making/have made, need
12 out of 2 knew, was lying / knows, is lying
3 was falling, occurred
J 4 didn’t understand, had been following
Answers 5 doesn’t like, is thinking
1b 2d 3c 4a 5b 6d 7b 8a 6 sold, is working

Grammar G
A Answers
Answers 1 didn’t use to
1b 2a 3d 4c 2 used to can replace would for actions (would/used
to have deep conversations)
3 would can replace used to for actions (used to/would
go on for hours)
4 for states (used not to like, used to have one or two
very good friends)

2  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 2 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 H Speaking
Answers
A
1c 2a 3b
Answers
I One picture depicts a quiz show and the other an
Answers oral exam in a language class. On a quiz show the
stress, repeating, present, is not contestants introduce themselves to the audience. In
an exam they introduce themselves to the examiner.
J ‘Hello, I’m X/My name is X. I’m a friend of Y. I work at
Answers Z/I’m a student/ I’m X’s brother, etc. Pleased/Nice to
meet you.’
2 after we took it
3 when they fought B
4 while she talked
Answers
5 as we catch up
Students’ own answers, but should include the
K following: People use different degrees of formality
Answers depending on the situation and give different
information according to the situation, e.g., if making
1 used to
a complaint on the phone you might give your name,
2 used not to
address and phone number, whereas in a social
3 do
situation you might talk about your family or what you
4 does
do for a living. At the doctor’s you would give your age
5 did
and some details relating to your health; in a language
6 has
class you might tell people where you are from, where
7 do
you live and why you are learning the language.
8 did
9 will C
10 did
Answers
L Students’ own answers
Answers
D
1 do
Answers
2 Since
3 would Yannis did better because he was friendlier, a bit more
4 have talkative, and used the right intonation
5 used E
6 not
Answers
7 hardly
8 no Students’ own answers

F
Listening Answers
A Students’ own answers
Answers
Students’ own answers, but could include the following. Ideas Focus
A: w
 orking together to achieve a goal / the herd Answers
mentality / safety in numbers Students’ own answers
B: preferring to work on one’s own / concentration
C: being picked on / excluded / singled out / bullied Writing: an essay (1)
B A
Answers Answers
Students’ own answers 1 negative peer pressure
2 young people/adolescents
C 3 factors that make people susceptible to peer
Answers pressure; how they can tackle the problem/ways they
can protect themselves against peer pressure
1g 2f 3c 4e 5d 6h 7a 8b
4 by giving specific reasons
F
B
1A 2A 3A 4B 5C 6A
Answers
1 desire
2 self-esteem
3 confidence
4 performance

Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key  3

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 5 fear
6 isolation
7 interests
8 vulnerable
9 dysfunctional
10 prone
C has it flourished? Perhaps it is because decent, law-
Answers
Students’ own answers, but could include the following:
not wanting to be alone, natural for people to feel this
way, want acceptance, etc.
D
Suggested answers
positively or negatively = for better or for worse;
beneficially or adversely
young people = adolescents; teens
susceptible = vulnerable
tackle = handle; face; deal with
E not initiate destruction by themselves, but perhaps in
Answers
Students’ own answers
F only a small part in the misery brought upon others,
Answers
1 Yes, it is a good opening paragraph because it
mentions every important point to be discussed in
the task. It paraphrases the essay prompt well.
2 The first main paragraph focuses on the particular
risk factor; in this case, the desire to fit in. Yes, it is
stated in the topic sentence.
3 The second main paragraph focuses on a way to
handle the kind of pressure and problems that arise
when young people want to fit in. Yes, it is stated in
the topic sentence.
4 Yes, they are.
5 Yes
6 Yes, the style is formal and impersonal. The writer
has achieved this by using some advanced grammar
such as the passive voice (have been identified,
can be used); a range of advanced vocabulary
(undue influence, potentially serious consequences,
vitally important, contrary to, core value system,
assertive, non-confrontational, rears its ugly head
…); complex sentences (In the case of the latter,
certain risk factors have been identified that can
make young people prone to undue, and often
unwelcome, influence. / Peers play an important role
in a teenager’s life as adolescence is the time when
the desire to fit in and find acceptance and approval
from the group is strongest. / At times though, the
desire to either impress or gain acceptance by the
group becomes excessive, and can result in people
choosing to take risks with potentially serious
consequences, etc.); formal linking words and
phrases (however, nevertheless, in short).
7 By using such in When such situations arise to refer
back to risks with potentially serious consequences
and behaviour that is extremely hurtful.
8 the latter, When this occurs, For this reason
4  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key
95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 4
G
Answers
Students’ own answers
H
It is universally agreed that evil is bad. Why then
abiding people have not spoken out against it or taken
measures to prevent it. The reasons for their reluctance
are many, but how can these be overcome to turn
inaction into action?
There is a time when good men and women must stand
up for what is right, even when it involves risk, but
that moment comes only after evil has already been
well established. For instance, how many people could
dictators have killed with no one to take their orders?
How many people would have starved to death without
obedient middlemen? With dutiful followers, however,
evil rulers killed millions of people in the 20th century
alone. Were it not for basically decent people ready
to obey, evil would quickly fail. Such people would
the name of duty, loyalty, or the greater good, they
cooperate with evil. Perhaps they are driven by fear
of repercussions should they not obey. Each one plays
and therefore they do not contemplate the results of
their actions – as far as they are concerned, it is nothing
to do with them.
If obedience towards evil is rooted in fear, how can we
eliminate the fear? The answer may lie in our collective
strength. Our history is full of instances of revolution
and rebellion – some peaceful, many more bloody.
Regimes, dictators and tyrants have been toppled
by the will of the people. Surely this shows us that a
combined, concerted effort can face down evil and
prevent it from causing further destruction. This holds
true for battles great and small. A good illustration of
this are the Neighbourhood Watch schemes that are
in force in neighbourhoods around the world. Working
together, residents patrol and protect their areas from
criminals.
In summary, it would seem that people do not act to
prevent evil if by doing so they risk their own lives.
This fear can be overcome by working with others to
combat the evils of our times.
Video 1  From the Same
Family
Before you watch
A
Answers
Students’ own answers
While you watch
B
Answers
Chimpanzees share all the characteristics in A with
humans.
11/17/17 10:33 AM
 C 3A …  those hankering for the next big thing, should
look no further than Core’s X7i model.
Answers 4C But if you’ve found recent offerings to be
The aspect of their nature that is emphasised is their underwhelming, ABT’s new Genius4 isn’t likely to
resemblance to us. make you deviate from that position.
5A … the typical Android phone was … Then along
D came ABT with its breakthrough Genius1 … the
Answers best-looking Android phone of its time, inspiring
1 repelled (00:10) many firm followers and prompting a slew of
2 transformed (00:22) copycats.
3 resembles (00:34) 6D I didn’t do any research … All I knew was that it
4 outright (00:38) had to be attractive. Some might scoff, but that’s
5 tender (00:45) a genuine concern for a lot of phone buyers.
6 gestures (00:52) 7C And although the Genius4 is surely better than
any of the versions that preceded it …
After you watch 8B Unfortunately for ABT, the granny market was
not what they had in mind for the Genius4. Print
E and TV ads, brimming with 20-somethings … are
Answers testament to that. The phone, however, doesn’t
1 link measure up for that demographic.
2 ancestors 9A Since ABT’s competitors took note of the Genius’
3 struggles radical design, the market has been flooded
4 expressions with look-alike devices, thus rendering the new
5 invention Genius4 model generic and unexciting.
6 humanity 10B My grandmother makes and receives calls
7 cultures … nothing too challenging – simple text, no
8 medicine attachments … her requirements are the most
9 grasp basic. The Genius4 would suit her to a T.
10 glimpse F
Ideas Focus Answers
Answers 1 iconic
Students’ own answers 2 underwhelming
3 firm
4 minimalist
2  Bright Ideas 5 hefty
6 durable
Reading 7 radical
A 8 generic
Answers
Vocabulary
Students’ own answers
A
B Answers
Answers 1 deduce
Students’ own answers 2 eminent
3 emitted
C 4 principles
Answers 5 sensors
Students’ own answers 6 eradicating
7 fission
D 8 ingenious
Answers Students’ own answers
Texts A and D
B
E Answers
Answers 2, 3, 1
1B 2D 3A 4C 5A 6D 7C 8B 9A 10B 1a dissolves
1B Although the camera … nowhere near as good as 1b disintegrated
the best phone cameras on the market … for an 1c decomposed
asking price of £499, I would expect it to be. 2a interpret
2D According to ABT, the phone is especially durable 2b analysed
and has withstood many drop tests. What did 2c inferred
they test it on? A soft pillow? I’m claiming a
refund.
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 3a compute Grammar
3b calculate
3c estimated A
Answers
C 1 Don’t wait until the last minute! All the best tickets
Answers will have gone.
1 underline: obsolete, outdated; circle: advanced 2 Will you be transferring the funds electronically?
2 underline: functional, utilitarian; circle: impractical 3 The tech company is to move its headquarters to
3 underline: groundbreaking, revolutionary; circle: Japan.
conventional 4 You’re to text me when you get home.
4 underline: concrete, tangible; circle: abstract 5 I shan’t talk to you until you take your headphones
off!
D
Answers B
1 digital native Answers
2 operating system 1d 2c 3b 4a 5e
3 active users
4 security breach C
5 computer literacy Answers
6 artificial intelligence present tenses
7 search engine we use: once, before, after, as soon as, immediately,
8 information technology the moment, the minute, the second, until
E D
Answers Answers
1 at 1 Once artificial intelligence has developed, humans
2 up will be in trouble.
3 behind present perfect simple to show one action finishes
4 By before another starts
5 off 2 As soon as the plane lands, they’ll announce its
6 on arrival.
7 outside present simple to show one action follows another
8 in immediately
9 before 3 While you are browsing our products you’ll notice
10 out of our opening offers.
11 ahead present continuous to show one action happening at
12 within the same time as another in the future
4 After I’ve been diving all morning, I’ll be very
F relaxed.
Answers present perfect continuous to show one action will
1 inconclusive be in progress before another
2 negligently
3 misinterpret E
4 longevity Answers
5 incurable 1 are to
6 unprecedented 2 have logged
7 perseverance 3 has had
8 emissions 4 just about
5 shan’t bother, turn
G 6 are shopping, will
Answers
1 more or less F
2 time after time Answers
3 wear and tear 1 will progress
4 touch and go 2 ✓
5 little by little 3 change
6 back and forth 4 ✓
7 safe and sound 5 will deteriorate
8 back to front 6 ✓
7 ✓
H 8 will fit
Answers 9 ✓
1D 2C 3B 4A 5C 6D 7B 8A 10 ✓

6  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

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 G M
Answers Suggested answers
1 as soon as 1 Scientists are on the verge of creating a vaccine for
2 just about to the common cold.
3 While 2 I’m looking forward to starting my new job in
4 Once electrical engineering.
5 until 3 There are a lot of interesting new projects on the
way.
H 4 Given the lack of funding, I foresee a bleak future for
Answers scientific research in this country.
1 We hope (that) we will see you. 5 Robots have now replaced all warehouse staff. To be
We expect (that) we will arrive early. honest, it was bound to happen sooner or later.
We anticipate (that) there will be a few problems. 6 Jason is busy preparing his presentation for the
2 ‘Hope’ implies that we want something to happen in upcoming launch of the new smartphone.
the future.
‘Expect’ and ‘anticipate’ imply that something is N
likely to happen in the future. Answers
1a 2b 3d 4b 5d 6c 7c 8d 9a 10d
I
Answers Listening
1a 2c 3b
A
J Answers
Answers Students’ own answers, but could include the following.
would, was/were going to, Past Continuous There is no wi-fi; the phone has fallen into a swimming
pool; the phone has been dropped and screen broken.
K The owner feels annoyed / frustrated / helpless / angry.
Answers The owner should move to a place with a signal;
The organisers of the technology exhibition, which is fast retrieve the phone and attempt to dry it / take it to a
approaching, do not envisage any problems. They plan to repair centre.
hire extra staff to cope with the numbers as they predict
that attendance will be record-breaking. The press fears
B
that it will be a disaster, and the public dread the effect on Answers
the city’s transport system. The organisers however, who Students’ own answers
are counting on everything running smoothly, foresee a
resounding success and say we can look forward to the E
best exhibition ever, with all the major tech companies Answers
showing off their new products and gadgets that are in Task 1
the pipeline. There will be plenty of surprises in store and 1 E
rumour has it the unveiling of some great innovations is on 2 B
the cards. As always, I’ll keep you posted on this and other 3 H
upcoming tech events. 4 A
5 C
L
Answers Task 2
neutral positive negative very soon very unexpected
6 D
probable 7 H
verbs foresee hope fear expect 8 B
envisage look dread anticipate 9 F
plan forward count on
anticipate to 10 A
expect

phrases on the way be looming am (just) is bound in store

Speaking
about to to /
in
the offing
be brewing
upon us certain A
/ sure
in the
pipeline
on the
verge of to be Answers
in store on the on
the cards
Students’ own answers
point of
on the
brink of C
Answers
adjectives impending imminent Students’ own answers
forthcoming
upcoming
approaching
Ideas Focus
Answers
Students’ own answers

Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key  7

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 7 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 Writing: a review (1) to appreciate the exhibits, which is what makes it
so thoroughly enjoyable. And if you want to learn a
A little more, the interactive screens dotted around the
Answers galleries provide loads of interesting facts.
Circle: State Science Fair, Darwin Centre, science, Walking through the museum, I was totally enthralled
technology, engineering and maths by everything I saw, but the highlight for me was
Underline: science-mad friend, wasn’t particularly keen, ‘Man in Space’, which traces the history of our earliest
science is for nerds, reluctantly agreed space exploration. This was the time when Russia
and the USA were locked in a race to be the first to
B enter space. The exhibition features real rockets and
Answers satellites, plus a full-size replica of the lander that took
1 Yes. It is the State Science Fair at the Darwin Centre Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin to the moon in 1969.
and he visited it last week. When you see how small it was, you really appreciate
2 By asking questions; by using informal language the courage of the astronauts who travelled in it.
(science-mad, nerd) The great thing about the museum is that it approaches
3 Yes science from the perspective of the average person. The
explanations are in language that anyone can understand,
C and this makes a visit very worthwhile. Just make sure
Answers you go during the week as it gets pretty crowded at the
weekend.
1 a technology exhibition
The National Science Museum is extraordinary and
2 describe the technology exhibition; say what you
incredibly engaging. So don’t be put off by the notion
enjoyed most about it; explain why it is worth visiting
that science is ‘too hard’ or ‘too boring’. Do yourself a
3 Students’ own answers
favour and go along as soon as you can. You won’t be
D disappointed!
Answers
It’s a long walk around the entire collection before Video 2  Neon Seas
reaching the tech exhibition; waiting for ages before
being able to play the video games
Before you watch
A
E Answers
Answers They are taken in the ocean. They show a variety of
1 They tell a story / set the scene / provide marine life, some of which are fluorescent.
background.
2 No B
3 Yes Answers
1c 2b 3d 4a
F
Answers While you watch
1 a hand-held device
2 a labour-saving gadget C
3 a user-friendly interface Answers
4 a once-in-a-lifetime experience 1 T (00:13)
5 a fuel-powered engine 2 F (00:38)
6 a long-life battery 3 T (00:50)
4 T (00:58)
G 5 F (01:17)
Answers 6 T (01:40)
Students’ own answers
After you watch
H
Suggested answers D
As someone who was never any good at science Answers
while at school, I was tempted to give the National 1 coral
Science Museum a miss when my friends suggested 2 occurrence
going. I’d always felt that physics and maths were too 3 diversity
complicated for me, and wondered what – if anything – 4 function
I would find of interest at the museum. As it turned out, 5 filters
there was more than enough to engage me. 6 world
With six floors of interactive and educational exhibits, 7 behaviour
this museum will fascinate people of all ages. It covers 8 reef
everything from early technology to space travel. 9 serenity
You don’t have to have any knowledge of science 10 landscape

8  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 8 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 Ideas Focus D: the remarks
Answers E: They’re not alone
F: She
Students’ own answers
G: Later that same week
H: is also available
Review 1 (Units 1 & 2)
D
Grammar Revision Answers
A 1B 2F 3D 4A 5H 6E 7G
(paragraph C is not needed)
Answers
1D 2A 3B 4C 5B 6A 7C 8D E
Answers
B
1 prevalent
Answers 2 destitute
9 native 3 traumatic
10 large 4 humbling
11 hardly/not 5 selfless
12 Owing/Due
13 Contrary Vocabulary
14 users
15 used A
16 by Answers
1 conscience
C 2 suppress
Answers 3 persecuted
17 cynical 4 affluent
18 philosophical 5 disperse
19 unconventional 6 immigrating
20 dysfunctional 7 empathy
21 eminent 8 condemned
22 unorthodox
23 abnormal B
24 impassive Answers
1 is an advocate
D 2 Blatant disregard for
Answers 3 caused the residents great alarm
25 will be upon us 4 is an assault on democracy
26 is off limits to visitors 5 It is the activists’ endeavour/The endeavour of the
27 can’t work up any enthusiasm for activists is
28 advised me to keep a cool head 6 suffered abuse
29 what Tilly gets out of doing 7 get a ban on smoking
30 was beside himself after 8 is in favour of
The noun forms are the same as the verbs.
3  Right On! C
Answers
Reading a
a a a a a
A workplace product factory protest
a rally human
chain
campaign
a fuss

Answers boycott ✓
Students’ own answers
form ✓
B hold ✓ ✓
Answers
Soup kitchens; food rescuing / stopping food waste;
make ✓
money for food purchases mount ✓ ✓
C occupy ✓ ✓
Answers picket ✓ ✓
A: One stage ✓ ✓
B: It’s simple
C: They’re looking

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 D Grammar
Answers
A
Positive: benevolent, humane, just, merciful, tolerant
Answers
Negative: apathetic, brutal, callous, corrupt, prejudiced
1 humane a have been made
2 prejudiced b were arrested
3 merciful c is expected
4 corrupt d was blocked
5 tolerant
B
6 brutal
7 benevolent Answers
8 apathetic 1b 2a 3c 4d
9 just
10 callous
C
Answers
E 1I 2T 3I 4T
Answers 2 The injured demonstrator was taken to hospital.
1 corrupt 4 The parliament building was occupied by the group.
2 tolerant
3 apathetic
D
4 just Answers
5 prejudiced 1 is being discussed
6 humane 2 are being reviewed
3 is being constructed
F 4 are being held
Answers 5 is suspected
1f 2h 3a 4c 5b 6e 7d 8g 6 have been scrutinised
7 has been arrested
G 8 is being attacked
Answers
E
1 jump
2 bury Answers
3 brought Students’ own answers. 1 is perhaps better style.
4 fell
5 came
F
6 got Answers
7 spared 1 The right to vote was won by women after a hard
8 turn struggle.
2 The anti-fur campaign is supported by many
H celebrities.
Answers 3 Modern day slavery is still being fought.
4 Have people with disabilities been given equal rights
dis- in- un- under- by the government?
disobedience inequality unbiased underfed 5 These laws should be tightened.
6 People were advised to leave their homes by the
disorder injustice unequal underpaid hurricane forecast.
dispossessed intolerance unmerciful underprivileged G
Answers
I 1 appear
Answers 2 is being
1 activists 3 imposition of
2 inequality 4 had been
3 unlawful 5 has since died
4 injustice 6 being reviewed
5 unjust
6 disobedience
H
7 demonstrators/demonstrations Answers
8 justifiably 1 Feminists were responsible for the obliteration of
the posters.
2 There will be a loss of hundreds of jobs with the
closure of the factory. / The closure of the factory
will mean the loss of hundreds of jobs. / The closure
of the factory will result in hundreds of job losses.

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 3 The destruction of the environment continues/is B
happening at an alarming rate. Answers
4 Equal pay for women is still not a reality in many
1 T
industries. / Equal pay for women still doesn’t exist
2 T
in many industries. / Equal pay for women still hasn’t
3 T
been achieved in many industries. / Women still do
4 T
not receive equal pay in many industries.
5 F
5 Redundancy at 50 is a problem for many
6 T
breadwinners.

I C
Answers
Answers
1b 2d 3c 4a 5f 6e
1f 2a 3d 4c 5b 6e 7g

J E
Answers
Answers
1b 2a 3b 4a 5b 6a 7c 8b
1b 2c 3d 4e 5a 6f
1 Although the children were young, the photographer
got them to smile for the camera.
Speaking
2 There were only a few volunteers, but they worked A
hard and the job was done efficiently. Answers
3 The animal welfare campaign got people to adopt
Students’ own answers
lots of strays.
4 The asylum seekers got their papers checked by the B
authorities. Answers
5 The schoolteacher had her pupils helping the homeless.
Students’ own answers
6 The coastguard got the captain to give his position
when he radioed for help D
K Answers
Answers Students’ own answers
1 got Ideas Focus
2 talking
Answers
3 got
4 had Students’ own answers
5 passed
6 investigate Writing: an article (1)
7 got A
L Answers
Answers Students’ own answers
1 got -> get B
2 did -> done
Answers
3 explained -> explain
4 he -> him 1a, b 2a 3a 4b 5a 6b 7b 8b
5 accepting -> accepted C
6 fix -> fixed
Answers
7 have -> had
1 a person who has made a valuable contribution
M 2 their character
Answers 3 Students’ own answers, but could include raising
1 is said to have been money, raising public awareness about an issue,
2 had been badly treated by/had been treated badly by petitioning government to bring about change
3 had its/their website shut down 4 in an explanation of the importance of the contribution
4 still under construction D
5 suspect’s human rights were violated /human rights
Answers
of the suspect were violated
petitioning government to change its approach to
Listening shelter for the homeless

A E
Answers Answers
Fair trade is trade between companies in developed 1 describe the person
countries and producers in developing countries in 2 talk about what they have done
which fair prices are paid to the producers. 3 explain the importance of their contribution
Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key  11

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 11 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 F I constantly hear heart-warming stories resulting
Answers from these visits. For the elderly residents who have
experienced the trauma of giving up their own beloved
Main paragragh 1
pets, a regular visit from a friendly dog does wonders
Students should underline, Maria is small in stature,
for their morale and gives them something to look
but her heart is huge. / It answers the question, Who
forward to. As for the dogs, they love the attention and
is this ‘someone else’? Let me tell you.
the treats they get!
Main paragragh 2
Don’t think twice about it. I encourage anyone who has
Students should underline, That experience taught
spare time and a placid pooch to enquire about getting
her a lot about human nature. / That experience
involved. Even if, like me, you don’t have a pet, there
refers back to the fact that people were eager to
are ways you can help. Look into it – you won’t regret it
help.
Main paragragh 3
Students should underline, Needless to say, the
Video 3  Dirty Energy
benefits are enormous. / the benefits links back to
living in a home. Before you watch
Conclusion
Students should underline, Isn’t it amazing how one
A
person can bring about so much change? / so much Answers
change refers back to the benefits and opportunities The photos show air pollution from a coal power plant,
that living in a home bring. and a form of renewable energy (wind energy).
Students should tick dirty energy, impact on climate,
G alternatives exist and outdated plant. Coal is relatively
Answers cheap and supplies are not limited, so these statements
1 not very important are not true.
2 persuade someone who is reluctant
3 it is already understood While you watch
4 a home of your own
B
5 have an important effect on something
6 do as another person did before Answers
The video mentions dirty energy, impact on climate,
H alternatives exist and outdated plant.
Suggested answer
C
It’s a dog’s life
Answers
What does it take to make a huge difference in 1 relying (00:18)
someone’s life? Would you be surprised to learn that 2 deeply (00:24)
all you need is a friendly pet and few hours a week? 3 luxury (00:31)
But let me back up a bit. When my elderly neighbour 4 right (00:38)
moved into aged care, I decided to visit her one 5 significant (00:48)
Sunday. I wasn’t sure what to expect: Would she feel 6 injustice (00:53)
depressed at having to leave her own home?
I needn’t have worried. An amazing charity called Pet After you watch
Set had taken care of that. Sitting by her side was a D
big white English Bulldog, Winston. It was Winston’s Answers
job to offer companionship to the elderly residents,
and this he did with great success. Apparently, Winston 1 shut down
visited three times a week and raised everyone’s 2 breathe
spirits. Speaking with his owner, I learned that Pet Set 3 run
volunteers take their good-natured dogs to places like 4 contribute
aged care facilities and hospitals to help improve the 5 Quit
wellbeing of residents and patients. 6 power
‘What a great idea!’ I thought. Wanting to take 7 grow up
part, but not having a pet, I offered my time as an 8 introduce
administration officer. Twice a week, I work the phones 9 call on
and organise the volunteers. Knowing that I’m doing 10 provide
something worthwhile with my time is important to me. Ideas Focus
Getting to know the dogs and seeing the joy they bring
Answers
is an added bonus.
Students’ own answers

12  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 12 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 4  Express Yourself D
Answers
Reading Verb Noun Adjective

A - analogy (1) analogous

Answers contradict (2) contradiction (3) contradictory
Students’ own answers (4) detraction/
detract -
detractor
B
Answers (6) diverse /
diversify (5) diversity
Students’ own answers diversified
dominate (7) domination (8) dominant
C
Answers (10) homogenised /
homogenise (9) homogenisation
The first test used snail mail/regular mail to deliver a homogeneous
physical package. In the later tests, the ‘package’ was - (11) proximity proximate
an electronic message – email in the first case and
instant message in the other. shrink (12) shrinkage (13) shrunken

D E
Answers Answers
Option A states an indisputable fact, but it does not 1 contradiction
answer question 1. 2 shrinkage
E 3 analogous
4 proximity
Answers 5 detractors
1B 2C 3D 4A 5C 6A 6 dominates
7 homogenised
F 8 Diversity
Answers
1 the man in the street F
2 gain acceptance Answers
3 at my expense 1d 2f 3a 4c 5e 6b
4 To all intents and purposes
5 The beauty of G
6 display herd mentality Answers
1b 2a 3c 4a 5b 6c
Vocabulary I
A Answers
Answers 1b 2c 3d 4a 5c 6c 7b 8a
1c 2a 3b 4d 5d 6c 7b 8a
Grammar
B
A
Answers
Answers
1 long-lost
2 thick Modals are followed by the bare infinitive
3 famously a send (present infinitive)
4 speaking b be driving (present continuous infinitive)
5 wrong c not have checked (perfect infinitive)
6 acquaintance d have been waiting (perfect continuous infinitive)
7 best of friends e be turned off (passive simple infinitive)
8 one-sided f have been read (passive perfect infinitive)

C B
Answers Answers
1 crowdfunding 1f 2a 3b, c, e 4d
2 meme C
3 tag
Answers
4 avatar
5 clickbait a could / were able to,
6 trending b were not allowed to,
7 bio c didn’t have to
8 emoticon d wouldn’t
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95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 13 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 e would K
f was able to, could/was able to Answers
The modals in bold have to change when the idea is
1 can’t
expressed in the past.
2 don’t have to
D 3 Oughtn’t I
Answers 4 mustn’t
5 shouldn’t
1c 2a, f 3b 4e 5d 6 couldn’t
E L
Answers Answers
1 Her phone may/ might/could well be turned off. / 1 can’t
Her phone must be turned off. 2 shouldn’t
2 The video may/might/could well go viral. 3 couldn’t
3 The number of people with Internet access may/ 4 mustn’t
could/might well keep growing. 5 Ought not
4 We had better close the social media account. 6 needn’t/don’t have to
5 He could/should have told me he would post that
photo of me as a baby! M
6 Do they have to brag about their children on social Answers
media?
1 may/might/could
7 Try as he might, he couldn’t get the hang of small talk.
2 all
8 Sociable though he may/might be, he prefers to
3 be
spend time with one or two friends./ Sociable he
4 are
may/might be, but he prefers to spend time with
5 have/need/tend
one or two friends
6 might
9 The manager can’t come to the phone right now.
7 able
10 Can I call you back?
8 not
F
Answers Listening
1 can’t A
2 could’ve Answers
3 needn’t Students’ own answers
4 well
5 be able to B
6 to have Answers
G 1 I think you already know that no language is
straightforward.
Answers
It goes without saying that no language is
1 must have written straightforward.
2 needn’t/mustn’t worry Naturally, no language is straightforward.
3 might/may/could/must have got lost 2 For example / To give an example, Chinese is
4 couldn’t/can’t have been joking notoriously difficult to master.
5 must/should/ought to come, can’t/couldn’t/won’t 3 There are, I think /-, thousands of words in the
H English language.
4 He speaks three languages, still / but you know,
Answers
that’s not uncommon there.
can’t, obligation, oughtn’t to 5 By the way / I forgot to tell you, I met someone
yesterday who knows you.
I
6 In fact / In actual fact / I’d like to point out / To
Answers be honest, learning sign language isn’t as hard as
needn’t have, didn’t need to people think.
7 They didn’t know the language, but they enjoyed
J the trip in spite of that / despite that / all the
Answers same.
a I don’t dare to open the email in case it is infected. 8 It’s hard to say which language is more difficult; I
b Her online profile is misleading. Do I need to say mean / you know, they are both hard.
more? 9 To be frank / Frankly / I have to admit /confess, I
c You don’t need to worry about me; I have a busy don’t understand this text.
social life. 10 The message is a bit vague; what I mean is / how
d She doesn’t dare to comment for fear of offending can I put it? / basically I’ve no idea what it means
someone.
e Don’t you dare to read my diary! It’s private!

14  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

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 E 3 y our experiences using social media, the reasons
Answers why some people use social media, and an
assessment of the future impact of social media
1B 2C 3C 4A 5D
4 probably five: introduction, one each for the points
to be discussed, and a conclusion
Speaking
A E
Answers Answers
Students’ own answers Students’ own answers

B F
Answers Answers
Students’ own answers Tick 2, 4, 6,
1 Inversion: Nor do I wish to …
C 3 Passive voice: be bombarded with, is generated by
Answers the user
5 Cleft sentences: What it must never do
Students’ own answers
7 Emotive, subjective language: truly annoying
E
G
Answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
Tick 1, 4, 5
Ideas Focus Suggested answers
Answers 1 People who are normal in real life seem to change
Students’ own answers personality online.
4 I am not a fan of social networking and therefore
Writing: a letter (1) avoid it.
5 What kind of person checks his social media account
A countless/dozens of times a day/endlessly?
Answers
Letter for Article for Essay for Useful Expressions
publication magazine teacher
H
the most formal ✓ Suggested answers
Dear Sir,
the least formal ✓
I would like to give my views on the benefits of social
has a greeting ✓ media. Many articles and research papers have been
has an ending ✓ written on the adverse effects of the medium, but I
believe there are a number of positive aspects to its use.
can have
Personally, I use social media to keep in touch with
first-person ✓ ✓ friends and family who live far away. I enjoy receiving
sentences
their news and updates as it brings me closer to them
explains reason despite the distance that separates us. In addition,
for writing
✓ social media has enabled me to make contact with
long-lost friends from school. Being able to reconnect
B with an old friend is a wonderful thing, and I have social
media to thank for it.
Answers
Were it not for social media, many people who live
1c 2a 3b 4c in isolation would be cut off from the rest of society.
C Those who are house-bound due to illness or family
circumstances need an outlet, and social media
Answers provides this. They can stay in contact with friends or
1 Formal: Dear Sir/Madam, Dear Mrs Jones, Dear family elsewhere, or even use social media as a way to
Editor, Yours sincerely, Yours faithfully; Informal: Hi have some harmless fun and break up the boredom or
Oliver, All the best drudgery of their lives.
2 Dear Mrs Jones, Yours sincerely / because you know Going forward, what I see is a continued role of social
her (name) media in my life. As I plan to travel extensively in the
3 Dear Sir/Madam, Dear Editor, Yours faithfully / future, social media will enable me to keep my family
because you don’t know them or their name informed of my movements, and share with them the
places that I intend to visit. Social media will also play a
D role in my career once I complete my studies and enter
Answers the workforce.
1 the impact of social media on our lives
2 no
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 Social media is unparalleled as a means of staying in B
touch with loved ones, and reestablishing contact with Answers
friends from the past. In addition, it is a godsend for
9 under
the isolated and lonely. It serves a very useful purpose
10 get/keep
as long as it doesn’t become the epicentre of one’s
11 are
existence.
12 can’t/cannot
13 all
Yours faithfully,
14 have/need
15 chances
Jane Barkin
16 can

Video 4  Elephant Alert C

Answers
Before you watch 17 unjust
18 benevolent
A
19 unlawful
Answers 20 dominant
1b 2c 3d 4a 21 activists
22 brutal
B 23 diverse
Answers 24 detractors
India. Text messages can warn people that elephants
are in the area. D
Answers
While you watch 25 have no option but to cancel
26 doesn’t dare quit for fear of/dare not quit for fear of
C
27 to get hold of Faye
Answers 28 get all the work done
1 T (00:01) 29 may not have checked
2 T (00:12) 30 gets along famously with
3 F (00:46)
4 T (01:15)
5 T (01:50) 5  If At First You Don’t
6 F (03:00)
Succeed …
After you watch
D
Reading
Answers A
1 roaming Answers
2 common Students’ own answers
3 scattered
4 preventable B
5 sufficient Answers
6 warning Students’ own answers
7 bulk
8 cautious C
9 accidental Answers
10 primary They keep them off the streets and provide supervision.
Ideas Focus D
Answers Answers
Students’ own answers 1D 2G 3E 4A 5F 6C 7H
Paragraph B is not needed.
Review 2 (Units 3 & 4) E
Grammar Revision Answers
1c 2e 3a 4f 5b 6d
A
Answers Vocabulary
1D 2C 3A 4B 5A 6C 7B 8D
A
Answers
1 mean, inspiration
2 determination, broken
16  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

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 3 aspiration, fast I
4 high, perseverance Answers
5 rough, prevalence
1 in
6 bleak, adversity
2 In
7 dashed, fulfillment
3 to
8 setback, dampen
4 in
B 5 on
Answers 6 around
7 at
1d 2e 3b 4a 5f 6c
J
C
Answers
Answers
1D 2C 3A 4B 5C 6A 7D 8B
1 initiative
2 ineptness Grammar
3 attainment
4 recognition A
5 anguish Ian’s dad was an alcoholic and his mum abandoned
6 backbone him. He got involved with a gang. He didn’t have a
7 aptitude strong male role model. He felt worthless. Potential
8 lethargy employers can’t trust him, so they don’t give him work.
He has a criminal record, so he will have difficulties
D finding a job. He has not been given a second chance.
Answers He needs support and more opportunities to change.
1f 2h 3e 4a 5c 6g 7d 8b
B
E Answers
Answers unless means if not
1 fell in with as long as/provided that mean on condition that
2 got caught up in supposing means what if or imagine if
3 write them off given means if Ian is given (this is the past participle of
4 slipped up the verb)
5 held him back
6 think ahead
C
7 set out Answers
8 leapt at 1 If they had caught the ringleader, they would have
arrested him.
F If they caught the ringleader, they would arrest him.
Answers 2 correct
1 went 3 correct
2 plucked 4 If she had known that she was making a mistake, she
3 throw would never have agreed.
4 making 5 correct
5 stand 6 correct
6 got
7 fell
D
8 blew Answers
9 hold 1 would reoffend/would have reoffended
10 pick 2 Were … ask, would say
3 is recognised, should not be approached
G 4 Had … been, would have used
Answers 5 had not intervened, would have escalated
1b 2c 3f 4e 5d 6a 6 will be released, behaves

Ideas Focus
H
Answers
1 turned over a new leaf
2 was sucked in by
3 bigging himself up
4 sort your life out
5 a leopard never changes its spots
6 putting yourself down
E
Suggested answers
If Max’s parents hadn’t been rich, they wouldn’t have
sent him to the best private school. If he hadn’t gone
to this school, he might not have got good grades. If
he hadn’t got good grades, he wouldn’t have got into a
top university. If he hadn’t graduated from university, he
wouldn’t have expected to find a good job. If his mum’s
friend hadn’t helped him, he wouldn’t have found a
job in a multinational company. He wouldn’t have got
where he is today if he hadn’t had a lot of help.
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 F People write their goals and aspirations on a bucket
Answers list, for example things to do, places to visit, challenges
to overcome.
1 Supposing
Students’ own answers
2 Would
3 what if B
4 Would Answers
5 given
6 Were you 1c 2d 3e 4b 5a 6f
7 On condition The expressions in 1-6 are more informal.
8 Whether C
G Answers
Answers a her bucket list
1 If she’s talking to her best friend, she’ll be on the b fear of trying
phone for ages. (She’s talking to her best friend c you’ve tried it
so…) d follow the crowd
2 If she’d been lying about the accident, I would’ve e anyone else’s
known. (She wasn’t lying) f pottery
3 If she drove without a licence, she’d be breaking the F
law. (To drive without a licence is breaking the law)
Answers
4 If you’re trying to get a job, make sure you get good
references. (You are trying to get a job, so…) 1 fear of heights
5 If she said she liked him, she would be lying. (She 2 last
doesn’t like him) 3 terrified
6 If she hadn’t made one mistake, she wouldn’t have 4 run a marathon
been hiding for years. (She made a mistake, so she 5 raising money
has been hiding) 6 classic novel
7 surprises
H 8 competition
Answers
1 The if-clause relates to the past. The main clause Speaking
relates to the present. A
2 The if-clause relates to the present. The main clause Answers
relates to the past.
Students’ own answers
I
B
Answers
Suggested answers
going to, will/would, might, must
The analogy of life as a journey is quite a common one,
J both have twists and turns and different paths to take,
Answers with progress made along the way.
Aspirations are not enough for success, but the idea
1 To learn Russian, you have to learn a new alphabet.
is that if someone wants something enough, they are
2 Please take a seat and I’ll call you in a minute.
more likely to succeed.
3 Might I make a suggestion? I think we should take a
Both competition and ambition express a desire to be
break.
better; with competition, it is a desire to beat others,
4 When you forget her name, she’s bound to be upset.
and ambition describes one’s own desire to succeed.
5 Unless you say something to him, I shall!
6 Don’t say anything, unless you can say something C
nice! Answers
K Students’ own answers
Answers Ideas Focus
Students’ own answers Answers
L Students’ own answers
Answers
1a 2d 3c 4b 5c 6a 7b 8a 9a 10b
Writing: an essay (2)
A
Listening Answers
A 1 COM: stupid and dull are synonyms.
Answers 2 CON: The joys of giving does not qualify who to
help, whereas Charity begins at home is a very
A bucket list is a list of things to do before you die
narrow view of who to help.
(from the idiom ‘kick the bucket’, which means ‘to die’).

18  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

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 3 CON: Golden opportunities is something positive, that this is flawed. It argues that a trouble-free life
whereas Where dreams go to die is a negative/ filled with leisure is no substitute for the things that
pessimistic view. bring real happiness, the most important of which is
4 COM: Global cooperation can only be a positive friendship. The text notes that friends can be relied
thing as is Revolutionising how we work. on to give a hand whenever it is needed. It also makes
the claim that the wealthy can never truly know if their
B friends like them for themselves or for their money.
Answers I am inclined to agree with the views expressed in
Contrasting the second text. It has become obvious that greed is
1 Golden opportunities rampant, and that wealth is considered more important
2 Where dreams go to die than health or friendship, for example.
All in all, it seems to me that wealth can bring a measure
C of happiness, but it is no substitute for friendship.
Answers
1 realising one’s ambitions in a city; success and failure
in a city, etc. Video 5  Surviving Deadly
2 cities offer professional opportunities for ambitious
people; competition is good because it helps people Everest
to learn and succeed
3 it’s tough living in a place where you don’t succeed; Before you watch
failure can lead to depression or crime
A
D Answers
Answers A Climbing boots and crampons are essential for
It isn’t always healthy and it can result in unscrupulous gripping snow and preventing climbers from slipping.
behaviour. / It is intense due to so many people vying B Oxygen cylinders are a safety device, to prevent
for the same career opportunities symptoms of oxygen starvation at high altitudes.
C A Sherpa guide is a member of a native tribe, who
E knows the area and helps climbers by transporting
Answers supplies.
1 suggests, asserts, argues, proposes, puts forward the D A satellite phone allows communication where there
idea is no terrestrial mobile network so that climbers
2 I am inclined to agree …; There is no doubt in my mind can communicate with the outside world and get
3 Nevertheless, it should be noted that … weather information.

F While you watch

Answers
B
1 bring
Answers
2 give
3 trigger 1 claimed (00:23)
4 lead 2 notorious (00:35)
5 result 3 gear (02:12)
4 off guard (02:51)
Useful Expressions 5 sea (04:01)
6 oncoming (04:51)
G
Suggested answers After you watch
The two passages explore the concept of what brings
happiness, but with contrasting views. C
The first text states that happiness is something that Answers
can be bought. It suggests that material possessions 1 ultimate
such as luxurious residences and expensive cars, as well 2 blizzard
as experiences such as frequent holidays, are enough 3 adjust
to make people happy. Furthermore, it states that if 4 base
these have been acquired through hard work, they are 5 monitor
deserved rewards. In addition, it argues that if these 6 ceremony
trappings of wealth are a cause for envy, then those who 7 altitudes
are envious should consider working hard themselves 8 supply
for the same benefits. As I see it, not all wealth is 9 disorientation
accrued honestly or through hard work, and when it is 10 summit
flaunted as well, it naturally causes ire. It should also
be noted that not everyone has the opportunity to get Ideas Focus
ahead in life, no matter how hard they work. Answers
The second text expresses the view that people are Students’ own answers
increasingly equating wealth with happiness and

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 6  Made of Money C
Answers
1 expensive
Reading 2 broke
A 3 bribe
Answers 4 miser
1d 2c 3b 4a 5 money
6 bureaucracy
B
D
Answers
Answers
Students’ own answers
1 wanting
C 2 thrifty
Suggested Answers 3 well-kept
4 aboveboard
It was a miserable life without love or care. Hunger was
5 spendthrift
a constant in his life.

D E
Answers
Answers
1 aboveboard
A copper is a large copper container for cooking food
2 thrifty
or boiling water
3 wanting
E 4 spendthrift
Answers 5 well-kept
1C 2B 3D 4A 5B 6D F
F Answers
Answers 1g 2c 3a 4h 5b 6e 7f 8d
1 sage G
2 implicitly Answers
3 paupers
1 corner
4 temerity
2 egg
5 stupefied
3 resort
6 At length
4 lane
7 countenance
5 side
8 compose
6 bet
7 red
Vocabulary 8 line
A
H
Answers
Answers
1 offset
2 maximise 1R 2R 3P 4R 5P 6P 7P 8R
3 reimbursed I
4 valued
Answers
5 financing
6 squandered formal = idigent, affluent
7 compensate possible others could include: loaded (rich), hard-up
8 incurred (poor)
9 soared
K
10 gambles
Answers
B 1B 2C 3A 4D 5B 6C 7A 8D
Answers
1 bribery Grammar
2 stimulus A
3 chancellor
Answers
4 merger
5 heir 1 Not until
6 concessions 2 Never
7 mortgage 3 Hardly
8 misuse 4 Under no circumstances

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 5 Not one H
6 No sooner Answers
a In sentences 3 and 6, Hardly and No sooner mean
1 b
the same.
2 a
b Not until is followed by inversion in the main
3 d
clause.
4 e
c  Alternative negative adverbs:
5 f
  1 Scarcely had he received his salary than he paid
6 c
the bills.
  2 Seldom did they manage to save any money. I
  3 No sooner had the money been deposited than Answers
it was withdrawn.
  4 Never should you tell anyone your PIN. Unreal past are 3 and 6
  5 In no way could the accountant give a reason J
for the lack of funds.
Answers
  6 Hardly had the money been deposited than it
was withdrawn. 1 paid
2 learnt
B 3 had made
Answers 4 had better
1 d 5 would stop
2 e 6 rather
3, 6 c 7 hadn’t
4 a 8 owns
5 b K
C Answers
Answers 1 d
inversion, start, formal, main 2 e
3 a
D 4 b
Answers 5 c
1 T L
2 T Answers
3 T
1 hadn’t fallen out
E 2 had bought
Answers 3 acting
4 is
1 Little
5 weren’t
2 No sooner/Barely
6 got
3 On no account
4 Only after M
5 Not once Answers
6 Not only
7 Barely/No sooner 1 no account should you
8 Only if 2 until another decade had passed, did
9 Only after 3 he wishes he hadn’t bought
10 Not once 4 no stage/point/time did the manager discuss
5 sooner have you paid by debit card than / sooner
F have you used a/your debit card than
Answers
1 had … begun
Listening
2 have … spent A
3 has received/receives Answers
4 had … accepted
Students’ own answers e.g. differences between real
5 did … show
and digital money: real money is coins and notes that
6 does … condone
you can hold in your hands, digital money only exists in
G electronic form.
Difference between paper money and gold: paper
Answers
money can become devalued easily, gold can change
Students should tick sentences a-f. in value but is less volatile. Paper money can be printed
Sentences g and h are incorrect. and lead to devaluation as seen in prewar Germany
only, unreal, would, not and more recently in Zimbabwe. Alternative currencies
like bitcoin are popular with some because transactions

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 are fast and anonymous. Alternative currencies are on D
the rise where money is short or because people want Answers
to keep money inside a country or local community.
Students’ own answers
Alternative currencies include digital currencies, time
banks, bartering and local or community currencies.
E
B Answers
Answers 1 Yes. The writer has addressed one specific question
1 d about the drawbacks of money.
2 c 2 There are 2 main paragraphs. The first deals with
3 b societal problems money causes, and the second
4 a looks at its negative effects on individuals.
5 f 3 The French Revolution as an example of social
6 e unrest; the problems faced by lottery winners.
4 ‘The most serious of these is the redistribution of
D wealth.’ where ‘these’ refers back to ‘significant
Answers drawbacks’ in the introduction. / ‘Not only can
Task 1 money cause problems at the societal level, but it
1 D can ruin individual lives.’ which refers back to the
2 G societal problems in the second paragraph.
3 C 5 Yes
4 B
5 E F
Task 2 Answers
6 C 1 money management
7 B 2 basic necessities
8 E 3 social unrest
9 H 4 class divisions
10 D 5 little luxuries

Speaking G
Suggested answer
A More and more people are travelling. While tourism
Answers can bring many economic and social benefits,
Students’ own answers particularly in rural areas and developing countries,
mass tourism is also associated with negative effects.
B Tourism can cause change or loss of local culture,
Answers identity and values.
Students’ own answers One effect of tourism is that destinations become
standardised in order to satisfy tourists’ desires for
D familiar facilities. While accommodation, food and
Answers drinks must meet the tourists’ desire for the new and
Students’ own answers unfamiliar, they must at the same time not be too new
or strange because few tourists are actually looking
Ideas Focus for completely new things. Tourists often look for
Answers recognisable facilities in an unfamiliar environment,
Students’ own answers like well-known fast-food restaurants and hotel chains.
The result is that a popular destination in one country
Writing: an essay (3) may differ little from an equally popular destination in
another country. When that happens, the local identity
Answers has changed.
A Another impact of tourism is that local cultures are
Answers turned into commodities when customs, traditions
1b 2c 3a and festivals are changed to conform to tourist
expectations. Once a destination is sold as a tourism
B product, and the tourism demand for souvenirs, arts,
Answers entertainment and other commodities begins to exert
1b 2a influence, basic changes in human values may occur.
Sacred sites and objects may not be respected when
C they are perceived as goods to trade.
Answers Finally, because tourism involves social relations
between people who would not normally meet, cultural
In what situations can money create problems; Can the
clashes can take place as a result of differences in
amounts be justified or not
Students’ own answers

22  Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 22 11/17/17 10:33 AM

 values and lifestyles. Such cultural clashes may further
arise through economic inequality. Many tourists come
Review 3 (Units 5 & 6)
from countries that are more prosperous than their Grammar Revision
destination. They go there seeking pleasure, spending
large amounts of money and sometimes behaving A
in ways that even they would not accept at home. Answers
One effect is that local people may develop a sort of 1B 2A 3D 4A 5C 6B 7D 8C
copying behaviour, as they want to live and behave in
the same way. They reject their own culture in order to B
emulate the new one. Answers
To sum up, while the positive impacts of tourism can
9 pick
create prosperity for a region, these are offset by
10 in
its very negative influences on cultural identity and
11 only
traditional ways of life.
12 set
13 Such
Video 6  Alaskan Money 14 So
15 Provided
Laundering 16 happen

C
Before you watch Answers
A 17 implicitly
18 adversity
Answers
19 prevalence
‘Money laundering’ is the process of making illegally- 20 currency
gained money appear legal.
21 privileged
B 22 unrest
23 failure
Suggested Answers
24 opulent
The money has been burnt. Perhaps there was house fire.
It probably doesn’t have any value. However, in the US, if D
more than half the money is unmutilated, it can be posted Answers
to the Bureau of Engraving and Printing to be redeemed.
25 Had it not been for his sister/Had he not been dis-
C suaded by his sister
Answers 26 would rather he studied
27 had taken your advice, I wouldn’t be
1 T (00:06) 28 No sooner had she inherited the money than
2 T (00:26) 29 Only if you are employed will you
3 F (00:41) 30 on condition that
4 F (00:47)
5 T (00:21)
6 F (00:51) 7  Distant Shores
D
Answers Reading
1 rural A
2 distinguishable Answers
3 intact
4 salvage Students’ own answers
5 charred B
6 stack
Answers
7 initial
8 tragic People do it because it makes them feel good, not just
9 laundering because they’re a kind, giving soul.
10 mile C
Ideas Focus Answers
Answers A: this will depend on overall meaning
Students’ own answers B: this will depend on overall meaning
C: One last thing (after a number of other things)
D: There is also
E: this will depend on overall meaning
F: what you’re buying, too
G: Isn’t this
H: Yes, that’s right (in answer to a query/question)

Close-up C2 Student’s Book Answer Key  23

95843_C2_rev03_001-044.indd 23 11/17/17 10:33 AM