Modcrp Astrology

Cfte " ^trologer^ ®aga3ine"

(ESTABLISHED 1890)

A MONTHLY MAGAZINE DEVOTED TO OCCULT

THOUGHT AND THE STUDY OF HUMANITY

BE WISE—" Knowledge puts an end to pain "

VOLUME VI. NEW SERIES

[Old Series, XX.]

Containing ali the numbers for the year 1909

Editor—ALAN LEO
{Sub-Editor—Alfred H. Barley)

"Modern Astrology" Publishing Office

4a & 43, IMPERIAL BUILDINGS, LUDGATE CIRCUS
London, E.G.
1909

The Trade Supplied by

Li. N. FOWLBR a CO., 7, IMPERIAL ARCADE, LONDON, E.G.
FOREIGN AGENTS:
AMERICA: H. L. Quay, 687, Boylston Street, Boston, Mass., U.S.A.;
Capt. 0. W. Walrond, Ocoolt Publishing Company, Bos 305, Rochester. N.Y.;
FRABOB: Mr. Leopold VitTUIe, Villa Musset, 0, Rue Jouveset, Paris, ZYI.
 CONTENTS.—VOL. VI.

(FOR DETAILED INDEX SEE END OF VOLUME)

A French Work on Astrology - - 572

A Guide to the Study of the Self in the Selves ; by Cecil
Tracey 486
A Valuable Opinion 330
Another " Human Document" 398
Astrological " Cause Celftbre," An 549
Aztec Zodiac Stone, The 540
Charubel, The Death of: by H. S. Green (ref. 144) 180
Chopin, The Horoscope of - 255
Coincidences relating to Numbers 502
Concerning Auras - 519
East and the West, The : from an address by Mrs. Besant 247
Editor's Observatory, The :—
Our New Address, 1 ; The Observatory Appreciated, 2; The Way
9] Iniliation. 2; Our New Offices, 49; Important Changes. 50; The
Ked Woman, 50; Scorpio-Uranians. 97; A Word to Parents. 97;
The Passing of a Friendly Contemporary, 98; Are we ready for
Brotherhood ? 99; Behind the Horoscope, 145 ; Illuminating
Symbols, 146; An Interesting Nativity. 146; "Living up to"
Things, 146; Human Specialisation, 147 ; You and Me. 147; The
Sex Problem. 147; A Students' Astrological Guild. 193 ; Astrological
Lectures. 195; The Encyclopedic Dictionary, and the need for its
further revision, 241 ; The Astrological Society. 289. 433 ; "D. S.
Windell." 291 ; Aphorisms, 337; " The Astrological Will Case."
385 ; Occult Astrology. 481; Horary and Natal Astrology, 481, 482;
Fundamental Truths, 530; Scientists accepting Planetary Influence,
532-
Electricity and Magnetism, Notes on : by H. S. Gresn 295
Expansion and Contraction ; by Bessie Leo 437
Fitting Time, The : by Bessie Leo 196
" Fortune's Favourites " : by Bessie Leo 4
FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY,
THE: by G. E. Sutcliffe, Mmher of the Leeds
Astronomical Society. Article IV.—Practical Astro-
logy : The Exact Measurement of Planetary
Influences :—{ref. 45, 288)
Preliminary Note by the Author, 33.
Part I. The Real Meaning of the Word " Mass" as applied to the
Planetary Bodies. 35. II. The Distinction between "Astronomical
Mass " and " Electrical Mass" Explained and Defined, 38. HI.
The Attractive Force Between Bodies is not due to their Masses
alone, but is affected by the Media through which the Force is
acting. 75. IV. The Earth's Astronomical Mass and Electrical
Mass compared; the Ratio between them and the Conclusions to be
drawn from it. 125. V. Scientific Measurement of the Forces
 CONTENTS III

acting between any two Planets, 172. VI. Explanation of an

Apparent Anomaly, 235. VII. Applying a Test to our Previous
Results, 238. VIII. An Objection Considered and Disposed of.
The Foundation Stone Duly Laid, 282. IX. Metbodof Calculating
the Planetary Forces, with an Example, 322. X. Table of Planetary
Values and a Test of their Truth by reference to Scientific Obser-
vations of Atmospheric Phenomena, 327. XI. Practical Applica-
tion of the Foregoing Results, 363. XII. An Illustration Snowing
the Force exercised by Jupiter during the year 1907, 419. XIII.
General Investigation of the Influence of the Planetary Aspects, 477.
XIV. Exact Values of All the Solar Aspects to the Superior
Planets, 520.
Halley's Comet: by H. S. Green - 170
Harry Lauder, Horoscope of, The 379
Holland, The Hope of: by the Editor 302
Horary Astrology, An Illustration of the Use of 532
Horoscope of Wilhelm Backhaus, The 544
Knouleching of the Sterres, The ; by Heinrich Daath 161
Law of Karma in Operation as Revealed by Astrology,
The: by "Gamma"
Letters to the Editor :—
Hindu Cycles and Circle Ratio, 44, 92 ; Mr. Sutcliffe's Articles,
45.288; To Fail, or Not to Fail, that is t he Question, 8g; The Planet
Neptune. 91, 190; The Value of Test Horoscopes, 93 ; Real Help,
94: Re Prize Competitions, (94), 95, 96. 191. 336, 430; Phonetics
and the Zodiac, 188 : Can Anyone Explain This ? 190 ; The Inter-
Relationsbip of the Fixed Signs, 191: Birth Times Wanted, 240 ; A
Luckless Youth, 285; " HowtoTelltheCards."286.576; The"Num-
ber of the Beast " : the Sign Sagittarius, 287 ; The Foundations of
Physical Astrology (45), 288 ; A Valuable Opinion. 330; The Sign
Gemini, 331 ; "The Sex Problem." 333; Moon Lore. 333; "Pet
Phrases." 333. 335; The Transits of Isis, 335; Birth Stone for
Virgo. 336. 431 ; A Sensible Suggestion for Amateur Astrologers,
336; A Capital Suggestion, 383 (re/. 459); New Planets, 429;
"Anecdotes," 431: An Encouraging Letter, 432; Names from
Nowhere, 328; Remarkable Confirmation of an Astrological Pre-
diction, 575 ; " How to Read the Cards " : an Apology. 576
Life, The Inner and the Outer; from the Standpoint of a
Student of Astrology ; by Maude Ruth Higgs 100
Mundane Astrology:—The Winter Quarter, 84: The
Spring Quarter, 128.
National Astrology • - 569
News from Nowhere: by " F. Z. L." 176, 221, 268, 318, 359, 405,
xt ,
Numbers, ^
Coincidences . • to
relating 46o,497.556
502
On the Analogy between Sound, Colour, and the Planetary
System : by Heinrich Daath 16
Pendulation and Evolution [ref. 408) jgy
Planets, Two Hypothetical \yef. 429) 301
Planets and Signs versus Sound and Colour 86
IV CONTENTS

Plebiscite, Result of the

Prize Competitions, Particulars of:—No. it, 42; No. 12,
124; No. 13, 220; No. 14, 358; No. 15, 459.
A Hint to Competitors {ref. also 94, 95!, 456, 459.
Prize Competitions, Result of:—No. g, Mr. Arthur Mee,
58 ; No. 10, Mr. Frederic James, Mus. Bac., L.R.A.M.,
204; No. it, Dr. Louise C. Appel, M.B., B.S., B.Sc.,
344 ; No. 12, A Novel Feature, 441.
Remarkable Centenary Year, igog a, {ref. 253) 130
Result:—(«4 Prize Competitions, Plebiscite).
Reviews: —
The New Word, 141 ; Practical Astrology, 144; Solar Research.
185; The Co-Mason, 186; Practical Health, 187; Peer Gynt, 380 :
The Planet Vulcan, 381; Life of H. P. Blavatsky, 382; The
Equinox, 426; The Progressive Constant Horoscope, 427: The
Master Demand, 428: Tamar Curze, 428; Orpheus: (The Art-
Movement of the Tbeosopbical Society). 526; A French Work on
Astrology. 572.
Ruling Signs of Towns and Countries: by Stuart Armour
Sagittarius, A Vision of
Signs of the Zodiac Analysed, The :—{Series) Sagittarius, 8,
79, 133 ; Pisces, 259. [This Series commenced in Vol V.)
Sir Isaac Pitman, Inventor of Phonographic Shorthand,
Horoscope of, The {ref. 146)
Some Reflections on Nomenclature, Astrological and Other-
wise : by the Sub-Editor 279
Star of Bethlehem,The 574
Sultan's Parliament, The ; by H. S. Green 83
Sun as a Centre of Vitality, The: by C. W. Leadbeater 389
Temperament: by Bessie Leo 149
TEMPERAMENTS, THE ZODIACAL AND
PLANETARY {Series) ;—Foreword by the Editor,
154-
I. " The Meaning of Temperament " (rtf. 279), 155. II. The Sign
Aries, 224. III. The Sign Scorpio, 271. IV. The Martial
Temperameht, 306. V. The Sign Taurus, 366.411. VI. The Sign
Libra, 464. 503, 562.
The Inner and the Outer Life: {ref. Life)
The New Age : by Bessie Leo 339
" Thought Waves " : Items gleaned from All Sources by
Subscribers Everywhere 424, 525
Three Main Things : by Alfred H. Barley 292
Threefold Karma : by Arnold S. Banks 52
What is the Theosophical Society P^by C. W. Leadbeater 534
CORRIGENDA
See p. 99 at foot : also p. 132 at foot; 246; p. 498, line two. "Two's Company"
should be either " The Third String," or " Odd Man Out."
iWofcern

Vol. VI. New Series. JANUARY, 1909. No. x.

®fjc (B&itor'a ©hatrfratorg

The Nineteenth year of publication finds us in new quarters, in the

greatest city in the world, and within a hundred yards of our old ofiices,
1 & 2, Bouverie Street, which we were forced to
vacate
ADDREHSS^ owing to the demolition of the building some
ten years ago. This long absence from the City
was not originally intended; failure to secure premises on lease,
however, and a growing disinclination to come more prominently
before the external world, postponed the return until it could be
shirked no longer.
Looking over the years that have elapsed, it seems hardly credible
that so much should have been accomplished in the time. It was
considered a great feat when Practical Astrology was published in
Bouverie Street, especially when it was considered how little prospect
there was of recovering the hundred pounds or more that was spent
on the first edition. Since then some thousands of pounds have been
spent in producing new books, necessarily resulting in an accumula-
tion of stock that demands an extension of space to accommodate
it; therefore, as elsewhere announced,
OUR ADDRESS IB NOW:
"Modern Astrology" Office,
Imperial Buildings,
Lndgate Cirons,
E.G.
and this address aloneshould be used in future for ALL communications.
2 MODERN ASTROLOGY
It was a happy thought to issue a Plebiscite on the back of the
Subscription Form for 1909, and it has produced an expression of
opinion that could not be very well obtained in
"Obseroatory" any other fashion. Our best thanks are due to all
Appreciated those readers who have been at the pains to answer
these questions and whose suggestions for im-
provement will be carefully considered.
It is gratifying to know that with one exception the " Editor's
Observatory " is much appreciated, as may be judged by the following
remarks; "Consider the personal touch invaluable." "Much inter-
ested, would like ^more." " Enormously interesting." " More than
interested—it is like the clasp of the hand." " Yes, but there is not
enough of it," etc., etc.
The one and only objector states that " It is a waste of valuable
space." He is an American subscriber, and apparently objects to
everything Theosophical, since his answer to No. 12 of the questions
is—"The Theosophical Essays."
The Plebiscite has proved a valuable guide for future action, and
confirms the opinion we have held for some time that Astrology will
considerably influence the thought of the immediate generation.
S-.
We have received for review a very helpful book entitled
Jht Way of Initiation, or " How to attain Knowledge of the Higher
Worlds." If it is recommended to readers of this
"Tha Wayof magazine, 6
it is with the belief that none will be
Initiation"
disappointed, for it is written in a very simple and
easy style and contains many valuable hints to those who are interested
in spiritual things.
The author is Dr. Rudolf Steiner, a delineation of whose horoscope
will be found in the New Edition of How to Judge a Nativity, Part II.
(Synthesis).
The book has been translated into English from the German by
Mr. Max Gysi, and it does the translator much credit, as he does not
appear to have lost any of the spirit of the work in translation. A
biographical sketch of the author by Edouard Schur6 is included, in
which the difference between a Mystic and an Occultist is explained,
and it is asserted that Dr. Steiner is both a Mystic and an
Occultist.—" These two natures appear in him in perfect harmony."
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY 3
The whole book seeks to show that the Kingdom of Heaven is
within us, and no one could take exception to the way in which this
is attempted.

In her Foreword to this work, Mrs. Besant says:

" 1 am very happy to recommend this valuable little work to English
readers, having already circulated the articles comprised
Mrs. Biasan t's 'n 'n t^e PaEes the Tluosophist. Dr. Steiner's
Opinion views, representing a deeply mystical Christian Theo-
sophy, are of very great utility, supplying a side of
Theosophical thought which might otherwise miss
fitting recognition. He is the natural heir of the great German mystics,
and adds to their profound spirituality the fine lucidity of a philosophic
mind. Under his guidance, German Theosophy is taking its right place in
European thought, and is becoming a real force. If English readers find
herein presentments of great truths that seem somewhat unfamiliar, let them
remember that in this difference lies their specific value, and let them seek
to gain new views of truth by studying it from another standpoint."
The book contains 237 pages, and is bound in cloth, Crown 8vo,
price3i.6d.net [postage .j-d. extra], and may be ordered from this
office.
The following shows the subjects dealt with in the book, which is
not only instructive but very interesting reading. Contents : The Per-
sonality of Rudolf Steiner and his Development. 1. The Superphysical
World and its Gnosis.—2. How to Attain Knowledge of the Higher
Worlds.—3. The Path of Discipleship.—4. Probation.—5. Enlight-
enment.—6. Initiation.—7. The Higher Education of the Soul.—8.
The Conditions of Discipleship.

PUBLISHER'S ROTE : Stock-Soiled Copies oj Books.—In the course of re-

moval, we have come upon a few stock-soiled copies of Casting the Horoscope
(2/6), and How to Judge a Nativity, Part /. (Original Edition, 7/6). These books
are in a quite sound and readable condition, and rather than dispose of these
to the second-band book dealers we are offering them to our readers at the
merely nominal price of 1/- and 3/e respectively. Those who wish to secure
copies should send at once, and mention this advertisement.
The separate issue of the " Supplement " to Astrology Jor All, Part II.,
in the issue of which there has been much unavoidable delay, is now ready.
 4

" STortunes labourites"

" Fortune favours the brave." This is a maxim often quoted

in times of difficulty and danger, asserting in a pithy sentence the
inestimable advantage of ' pluck,' which seems to carry all before it.
And in fact bravery, courage, is a decidedly positive attitude; it is
the attitude of "I can and I will," and is one which in itself secures
success.
I think few of our astrological brethren recognise to the fullest
extent that after all the human will is a remarkably powerful factor in
life, and that exertion is more often than not stronger than destiny;
they seem to lose sight of the power of the present human force,
the present human will, to battle with and overcome the inhar-
monious influences brought about by non-knowledge in past lives.
Of course there are some people too weak to steer their bark of
fortune on a rough sea; they have to wait for calmer weather and
smoother water,—for easier conditions, when little or no exertion is
required; but such people are carried along upon the crest of the
wave of evolution, they are not only helpless, but they are more or
less a drag upon others. They will never be found in the vanguard
of human progress, or become the pioneers of races yet unborn; for
this, strength and power are required: only a strong swimmer can
breast the waves of adversity, gaining greater strength by the very
effort.
Knowledge of bad " directions " ought not to have a paralysing
or depressing effect upon anyone. Any student of Astrology who will
calmly sit down, fold his hands and wait until his "directions"
improve, may possibly secure an easier time, and less friction, but he
will nevertheless remain a weakling.
We occasionally hear people say, " You see I cannot take up-
any new work or duty until my directions improve, which will be in
a year or so, but meanwhile of course I cannot do anything." This
is a most fallacious idea, and bespeaks weakness of soul; for while it
is quite true that one will need to double one's efforts and throw out
all one's will when the stellar rulings are adverse, it is nevertheless-
 " fortune's favourites " 5
also true that the exercise of the will and the exertion necessary,
together with the knowledge as to what is likely to happen, is the
greatest factor in the world for overcoming adverse influences.
If knowledge of the future, by inducing fear and hesitancy, is
going to cripple us in the field of action, it were better if the future
were veiled from us. If we decide upon any course of action that
comes to us to do, let us act as if no bad "directions" were
present; let us not allow fear of consequences in the future to stop us
from present effort. Of course I know full well that adverse " direc-
tions" are forces to be reckoned with; for we must adjust our
sails according to the particular wind that is blowing, and tack
accordingly; but let us not drift with the tide, or how—to return
from metaphor to fact once more—can we overcome the stellar
rulings, if we refrain from action through fear of the consequences ?
Would-be astrologers need to cultivate strength ; as astrologers they
are particularly on the line of Manasic evolution, but they need
to have the power of the will developed to balance their mentality ;
for knowledge should never act as a crippling force, but merely as a
light to show out the signposts on the way they intend to travel.
We sometimes see people born (for Karmic reasons) into a very
poor environment, with no social advantages, and able to receive
little if any education ; yet such is the immense strength of their
soul, so great the resolution and determination of purpose and effort,
that very soon, in spite of conditions, surroundings and environments,
the Ego comes to the front, and becomes famous, wealthy or pro-
minent. No disadvantages of birth or station cau keep any Ego back
who in past lives has gained that inherent energy which brooks no
failure, fears no defeat, but even if defeated falls but to rise and
fight again. For that dauntless energy, that force of the spirit, must
overcome all obstacles. In other words, "fortune's favourite" has
will and energy, and knows how to put forth every effort to ensure
success.
It is not that fortune works by favour, as many suppose, for the
lucky man who " turns all he touches into gold " is after all only the
outcome of character ; and " Character is Destiny." Fortune smiles on
the man who knows what he wants and who determines to get it and can
seize opportunities, who never loses his presence of mind, who is an
indefatigable worker, having extreme industry and application, together
 6 MODERN ASTROLOGY
with that steadfastness which can work and also knows how to wait.
That man or woman who leans on none, who relies only on himself,
feeling the strength of the God within, is self-reliant in the best sense
of the word. And'TOrtune'sfavourites" must be self-reliant and strong,
for no matter how good or amiable or well-disposed they may be,
if they lack the force and ability to command success, if in other words
their wits are driven temporarily aside by a snub, a frown, or a
sneer, there is found a lack of grit and endurance; and lacking these
qualities one cannot succeed in the world.
Fortune's " favourites " in this world's goods are generally people
with a strong martial development, having that planet in the
ascendant or being born under a sign ruled by Mars, or with the
Moon, Sun or Mercury placed in a martial sign ; we call these people
" self-made" people, and a study of their horoscopes will show us
their power of will and their force of character.^ Few people recog-
nise that power is a spiritual element, which must ever dominate and
rule the material conditions, and it is as well for those who would be
the swift runners in the race of life, the pioneers of the future, to have
this strength of will. For in the material world there must always be
failures, accidents, disease, troubles of various kinds; business is
liable to become a failure, friends and lovers fail us in our time of
need; death smashes the form we love, ruin stares us in the face;
but if we have that dauntless energy, grit and courage, we meet
these shocks and we are not broken, for what would seem as a
crushing defeat to a weak nature is as the spur of a whip to another.
To the man of strong will defeat is impossible, for no matter what
ills may come he feels that innate sense of power, that inner fire
which is a reflection of the great will, re-acting against a blow ; know-
ledge is ever needed to see the way before us, but strength is needed
when we have to pass over boulders and climb precipices; to see
what to do is one thing, but to carry out the idea or thought in this
concrete world is another. Strength is ever needed, and even if we
apply this strength to our inner life, to the evolution of our character,
if we seek to root up the selfishness and separateness which are at the

° A case in point is the late Sir William Allan, M.P. for Gateshead, whose
horoscope will be found in How to Judge a Nutivily, Part II. (Second Edition). He
was born under Scorpio, with his ruling planet, Mars, in the Asceud.iiil, in Sagittarius,
in conjvmliou with the M00n—Ed.
 " fortune's favourites " 7
back of our nature, we need a very strong will; for to rule one's own
self is greater than " taking a kingdom," and to tear up by the root
the weed of self-love needs energy and endurance; the weak can only
wait for it to grow and flourish and die in a normal fashion. Anna
Kingsford said there was the possibility of taking the Kingdom
of Heaven "by violence," and it is just that very man or woman
who can overcome all material obstacles, who would be best able to
succeed in gaining it when the force is turned inward, when they seek
to win no earthly guerdon but the Kingdom of Heaven itself; for
those who could best overcome physically, find themselves possessed
of that necessary strength and power within to tread what has been
called the Path of Holiness. These people, who have hitherto domi-
nated and manipulated the external forces about them by sheer will,
are able, when that force is changed, to make the supreme effort to
dominate themselves, for that wonderful power and energy that made
temporal aggrandisement a certainty will enable them to unfold and
develop the powers of the God within, to whom all things are possible.
There is nothing that can opposethe human will if one knows how
to use that power; but where will is not allied with devotion, there is a
danger of becoming more and more selfish until one finally ends up as
a " black magician." Strength is needed, whether one becomes a son
of light or a son of darkness, and when the lesson that Mars has to teach,
(a lesson of courage and dauntless energy), is fully garnered, then the
end of the path of outgoing has been reached, and a new direction
given to that out-rushing energy will be able to carry the soul inward
and onward until the God stage is reached.
Bessie Leo.

An Interesting Horoscope:—H. R. wriies; " I send you particulais

of horoscope of a child born 7.13 p.m., 11/6/1906, London, interesting by
the great inunber of parallels and the general planetary positions. You
will see there are six planets within a space of 30°. (Boy.)
X XI. XII. I. II. III.
i>9 1115 11U4 /9 V3i7 Ki

1119 =25 U23 as 19 00 IJ19 X14 >3 7^

 8

®Ij£ digits of tlje Zotsiac ^.nalyscir

By Isabelle M. Pagan

[A utlwr's CopyriglU]

SAGITTARIUS

Keynote: Wisdom Watchword: Liiierty

Function : The Sage or Counsellor

Perfected Stage Prim Hive Stage

(Type Original Eccentric
Outlook Inquiring Sceptical
Character
T hooght- Method Independent Proud
Argumentative Disputatious
Mind Active Restless
Intellect Logical Casuistical
Mature Outspoken Ungracious
Disposition Contented Careless
Emotion A ttitndc Uncompromising Defiant
A JJections Honest Grudging
Sex-attitude Sincere Brusque
Speech Frank Blunt
Style Vigorous Rugged
Action Manner Genial Boisterous
Fearing Friendly Familiar
Temperatnenl Huoyant Irrepressible
J as Ascendant f at Zenith
(Affecting Actions) (Affecting Emotions)
H.M. Edward VII. Socrates (?) Mark Twain (?)
H.M. Haakon of Norway Browning (?) Prince Edward of Wales
Theodore Roosevelt (?) Shelley Charles I.
Fred. Archer Ibsen (?) John Ruskin
H. M. Stanley G. B. Shaw (?) George Sand
Cecil Rhodes Chas. Kingsley (?)
Dangers to Health :—Restless irritability, over-activity, and depiction of
the life-forces through a careless scattering of energy.
Physical Symptoms .'—Outbursts of unreasoning anger over trifles. This
type has intense vitality, and great recuperative power. When a serious
breakdown docs occur, it is the lungs that give way first, and there is some
danger, in early years, of consumption ; in later life of chronic or recurrent
 THE SIGNS OP THE ZODIAC ANALYSED 9
bronchitis. Sprains, fractures, and bruises are frequent, owing to heedless
impetuosity in movement.
Remedies:—Cultivate serenity, self-control, and a tranquil mind. Take
gentle exercise in the open air; or a course of remedial gymnastics.
Birth Stone or Mystical Gem:—Carbuncle, Turquoise.
Harmonious Signs :—Aries, Leo, Sagittarius.
Rulerj U PITER. Colour:—Light blue. Metal:—Tin.
The planetary power or ruler associated with Sagittarius is
Jupiter, the younger brother of Pluto and of Neptune; and these
three deities must be studied in relation to one another if we are to
understand them aright. They are the sons of Saturn; a deity
described in modern parlance as "Old Father Time," and a brief
consideration of this latter title, which resembles the Greek Chronos,
wili give us some clue to the comprehension of the particular myth
we have now to disentangle. Time swallows all things; andtherefore
Chronos is said to have devoured his children until the birth of his
youngest, Jupiter, who united with his brothers Neptune and Pluto* in
dethroning their parent, after which the Kingdom was divided among
the three. Pluto accepted the Under-world, the realm of Action, and
consequently stands in this version of the Trinity for Divine Power,
which manifests most fully and definitely on the physical plane.
Neptune is associated with the realm of Emotion, and so, viewed from
the highest standpoint, represents Divine Love, and rules the
vibrations of the Astral or Psychic Plane, symbolised by the Sea.
Jupiter himself took the Sceptre of the Upper-world, the realm of
Thought, and so rules the Mental Plane and stands for Divine
Wisdom. These three, united, represent the whole range of the activi-
ties of the present, which, so far as we are concerned, is constantly
dethroning the past and concentrating our attention upon itself; for
"Now is the accepted time," and the old order ever changes, yielding
place to new; God fulfilling Himself not in one way alone, but in
many.
A point to be carefully noted in the above story is the danger
that threatens the childhood of Jupiter. This element is almost
invariably represented in the innumerable versions of the tale which

* It w.is Themis, " one of the Oceanldes," who liberated Neptune and Pluto
by administering a potion to Saturn which made him disgorge all his children.
The interpretation may he that a vibration of desire—one of the waves of theocean
—must precede the awakening of mind and memory.
IO MODERN ASTROLOGY
the student of mythology hnds all over the world. S«ineiiines there
are three daughters instead of three sons. Sometimes it is a step-
mother or step-father that persecutes; occasionally the older generation
is ignored and we are only told that the two elder children are jealous
of the wit or beauty of the youngest. In every case the tale ends by
the triumph of the latter, to whom is given dignity and power and
responsibility far above all former rivals. In this old myth, world-
wide in its range, undying in its vitality, we have the germ of countless
popular tales and dramas of every conceivable form—from the tragedy
of King Lear* to such nursery favourites as Puss in Boots and dear
old Cinderella ; and the reason of their popularity and insistence and
recurrence is that they either veil or unveil a tremendous truth. The
three brethren, Thought,Emotion, and Action—or Wisdom, Love, and
Power—must always dwell together in unity, if harmony is to reign
in the hearts and lives of men; and of the three, it is Tltoiigkl or
tVisiiom—ever the latest born—that should take precedence, ruling
and regulating the emotions, and through them guiding the actions
aright. This precedence is of course, in a sense, illusory, for the
planes are not really set one above the other; they interpenetrate and
interact. It is, in fact, heretical to exalt one Person of the Trinity
over the others, but which of us is free from a taint of heresy of some
kind ? and if any choice is to be made, better to err by worshipping
Divine Wisdom to excess, than by devoting all one's energies to the
service of either Passion or Power. If Paris had handed the Apple
of Discord to Athene instead of to Aphrodite, the result wouldcertainly
have been disaster in some form ; but the Trojan War, with its terrible
record of lust, anger and bloodshed, would never have taken place.
Jupiter is thus the ruling representative of the Divine Mind in the
mythology of classic times, and is consequently hailed as Optimus
Maximus. His Greek counterpart is spoken of with equal reverence ;
for the Zeus of Homer is the Greatest and the Best, and the most to
be revered of all the deities; the God of Light, of Justice, and of
Truth ; thep'atherof Gods and of men. He dominates all the planes,
because his thought comprehends all things. One vibration of his

* Lear is Ler or Lyr, an old Celtic deity ; and in the original story, as handed
down by Geoffrey of Monmouth, the youngest daughter is triumphant in the end.
It is a curious proof of the power and vitality of this theme, that for 150 years the
public accepted and enjoyed a poor adaptation of Shakespeare's masterpiece because
it ended in the orthodox way, Cordeliasurviving, victorious over Goneril and Regan.
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED II

mighty will makes the whole universe tremble. One movement of

his eyebrow shakes high Olympus, and the very gods upon their
thrones. Princes and rulers are appointed by his divine decree,
according to the deserts of the nations ; and when he has bowed his
head, his decision is irrevocable, and cannot be altered. Above all
things he is beneficent, benevolent and kindly—ever ready to hear the
prayers of his children, and to grant their requests. The ancient
Greek hymns addressed to him, besides acknowledging his goodness
and greatness, begged of him such boons as rain after drought,
healthful breezes, and favourable weather generally. The mountain
peaks are his sacred places, and in his sterner aspect he is the God of
lightning, of tempest, and of cloud. He holds the thunderbolt as
well as the sceptre, and beside his golden throne stand two brimming
cups, from which he pours out, according to his divine will, good and
evil for the sons of men. It is he who appoints the judges of the
nfernal regions, and the condemned criminal was regarded as a
suitable sacrifice upon his altar.
The Divine Mind is intimately connected with every part of the
Universe, and gives rise to innumerable forms of activity. Therefore
Jupiter is said to have seven wives* and many children. His first
mate is Themis, and his union with her is so close that he is described
as not merely wedding, but devouring her also ; and from this strange
marriage springs pure Wisdom, in the person of Pallas Athene or
Minerva, ready armed for constant warfare against ignorance and
vice. Another spouse is Latona, famed for the accuracy of her
oracles, and consequently a representative of Trath or enlightenment,
and the mother of the Sun and Moon—Apollot and Diana. Another
is Mnemosyne or Memory, the mother of the Nine Muses; but the
most important and best known is Juno, who stands—somewhat
severely—for law and order, and is the mother of health and of enter-
prise in the persons of Hebe and of Mars. The decadent poets of
later days added to the mystic histories of the seven symbolical
wives innumerable lighter tales of mortal maidens who temporarily
enjoyed the favour of the God ; but the student will easily appreciate
these legends at their true value, remembering that the " children of

• Corresponding to the seven planes of Hindoo cosmology ?

12 MODERN ASTROLOGY
Jupiter" in the astrological sense are many, and are generally well
qualified to arouse the interest and attention of their fellow-men.
The Person corresponding to Jupiter in the Christian Trinity is
the Father, to whom we are taught to direct our prayers, leaving the
issue to His Divine Wisdom. The heretical tendency in the West is
to doubt and deny that wisdom, and to conceive of deity as a mere
blind force, manifesting unconsciously; a tendency which leads many,
even among those who consider themselves orthodox, to exalt Poiver
unduly, and to worship it to the "exclusion of the other attributes—
"Co-equal and Co-eternal "—of Wisdom and of Love.* Among the
twelve apostles of the Christian Church, St. Peter stands out as the
characteristic representative of the Sagittarian element ; ever the first
to speak, and often the first to act; eager to learn, impetuous in faith,
and yet prone to sudden attacks of wavering and scepticism, which
paralyse his spiritual energy, and actually make him deny his Lord;
and, with it all, the Rock on which the Church is built; for Christianity
in its original purity satisfies the Mind—i.e., the J upiterian element in
man—as well as the heart.
The chief characteristic of the fully developed Sagittarian is his
extraordinary power of mental activity. He brings his reason to bear
upon every phenomenon that comes under his observation, and finds
his most congenial occupation in getting to the bottom of things in
general—facing the facts of life fair and square, and reducing its
problems to their simplest terms. His curiosity is insatiable,his mental
energy never flags. He interests himself intensely—and often succeeds
in interesting others—in the relation of cause to effect and effect to
cause. If his nature is well balanced, and his environment helpful
and congenial, he not only makes very rapid progress in evolution
himself, but is a great centre of helpfulness and illumination for
others; for he comes readily into touch with his fellow men, takes an
eager interest in their true welfare, and especially in their education.
He is sometimes a very successful teacher of the Socratic type, going
straight to the goal and awakening the minds of his students, teaching
them to observe and reason and think for themselves. He is con-
sequently better adapted for the training of older pupils than for
beginners who have not yet attained proper control of intellectual ex-
♦ Love is revealed in the Person of the Son; Povtr in the " working," or
inanifesled Action, of the Holy Spirit.
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED
pression ; for he encourages and enjoys argument and discussion to
such an extent that it is easy for those under his tuition to lead him
away from the subject in hand, and juvenile scholars naturally take
advantage of this propensity on occasions when close questioning
would betray the fact that preparation has been shirked. The Sagit-
tarian's skill in dialectic, however, puts some check on such nefarious
practices ; for he is a formidable antagonist, and foolish objections and
suggestions will meet with small mercy from him. The thunderbolts
of Jupiter were forged by Vulcan, and are generally effectual; and the
"Archer" aims well, showing an intuitive knowledge of the weak
places iu the armour of his adversary, and seldom missing the mark.
This tendency naturally makes the legal profession, and especially the
bar, a suitable field of activity ; but literature and journalism also
claim their share of devotees among the sons of this sign, and the
teaching of philosophy or religion, either by the pen or by practical
discourse and example, is the most congenial occupation of all. The
study of medicine is more rarely taken up, but some Sagittariau
doctors do brilliantly as brain specialists and heads of lunatic
asylums.
Sagittarians are almost all keen sportsmen of one kind or another
—excellent shots, enthusiastic fishermen, golfers, wrestlers, hockey
players, etc.—and show a special predilection foroutdoor work, such as
geological research and difficult explorations, and for all such pro-
fessions as keep them moving over rough and maintainous country,
and are connected with the training and exercise of horses and of dogs
—the animals which respond most quickly to the mental vibrations
of their owners. This type fairly revels in the open air, and cannot
endure the stale atmosphere of stuffy rooms. Glorying in the breezy
uplands and snow-clad peaks themselves, they have an immense
sympathy for those doomed to a life of confinement in workshop, or
factory, or mine; and are often keen social reformers as regards the
limiting of hours of labour for the working classes, and the bettering
of the conditions in which they are compelled to work.
If these points are taken up by Sagittarians, they will spare no
pains to collect the necessary information, and show much practical
common sense in suggesting remedies; for their theories are not
drawn up in the study from books alone, but from actual contact with
suffering, toiling humanity. Snobbery is impossible for them. They
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
are willing to fraternise with all sorts and conditions of men, and to
learn from anyone whatever he has to teach. At the same time they
are much too clear-headed to be carried away either by anarchist
doctrines, or by socialism of the sentimental type ; for in spite of their
tendency to regard mankind as one great family, they realise that in
the matter of understanding, at any rate, we are not all "free and
equal," but that many of us are bounded and limited to a pitiable extent.
Therefore, they consider it the duty of the fathers and elders to
enlighten the babes—of the wise men to legislate for the fools; and
the problem of problems consequently becomes how best to establish
wisdom in the seats of the mighty. Sagittarian interest in this subject
is sometimes accompanied by an inclination to question whether
hereditary rights, custom or tradition should be consulted in the
matter at all; and occasionally even advanced souls of this type are
seized with a wildly rebellious longing to upset the whole existing
order of things, and start fresh.
The man who looks with friendly eyes on humanity, and conies
very easily into touch with his fellow creatures at large, naturally
feels less need of family life than do those whose geniality is not
always available, and who are less quick to understand the position,
mental attitude, and essential characteristics of the men and women
they meet. Sagittarians are often extraordinarily detached from their
kindred. If they happen to find their immediate relations congenial,
well and good ; they add them to the list of their friends, and treat
them as such ; if not, they point out their faults and foibles with
unfailing frankness, and will publicly discuss and comment upon them
with a freedom that makes more reserved types gasp. Parental
authority is treated as a subject for inquiry and investigation; and
though the juvenile Jupiterian may be open to conviction on the
question of obedience due, and is ready to submit if parental
wisdom can be demonstrated to him, be tests that wisdom in ways
peculiar to himself, and woe to the father or mother who fails to pass
his tests. The best way to deal with the small examiner is to meet
him fair and square on his own ground—the mental plane; to
answer his questions honestly and without prevarication ; to administer
discipline after the manner of Herbert Spencer, reasonably and
logically, and, above all, to admit ignorance and even error where it
exists. At the same time it is prudent to safeguard the health and
 THE SIGNS OF THE 20DIAC ANALYSED
sanity of the child's tutors and guardians by suggesting the propriety
of his thinking out as many of his conundrums as possible for himself,
and only bringing what proves insoluble to the busy grown-up people,
whose work cannot always be interrupted and who have plenty of
problems of their own to decide ; for the influence of this sign pro-
duces the kind of small boy who, when he has driven his seniors to
the last stage of despair by his questions, and has been told that he
must on no account dare to say " Why ?" for the next half-hour,
looks up with redoubled interest and eagerly demands, " Why not ?"
This trait is frequently noticeable, up to the seventh year or beyond
it, in those born with the Moon in Sagittarius; for the Moon recalls
the past, and gives the key to the methods and habits of the preceding
life.
{To be continued)

UNUSUAL PARENTAGE
On August aoth, igo8, at the Agapemone, Spaxton, Somersetshire, a boy
was born. The father is Mr. John Hugh Smyth-Pigott, who claims to be
Jesus Christ; and the mother is Miss Ruth Annie Price, who was present
when the birth of the child was registered by the father on September :8th,
as was also his lawful wife, Mrs. Smyth-Pigott.
The horoscope of a child with this unusual parentage is sure to be of
interest. The hour of birth is not stated, but the planets at noon were
placed as under:
•? S « V « 5 O ^ y
graol^ 151156 141S1C 16328 25J13 264155 27412 274136 13*3221^
Here there are Jupiter, Mercury, the Sun, and Mars in very close
conjunction in Leo; in fact, these four heavenly bodies occupy an arc of
less than three degrees. Three out of the four are fiery by nature, and they
arc placed in a fiery sign and are in sesquiquadrate to Saturn in Aries,
another fiery sign. Among the planets, considered apart from mundane
houses, the Sun is held to signify the father by day and Saturn by night. In
this case, the combination of planetary influences in Leo suggests a day
horoscope, and seems to hand on to the child by heredity from the father
something of that father's fanatical impulse and fire, which may quite
possibly be honest although so strangely deluded. The conjunction shows
an excess o£ emotion and feeling over the colder and restraining elements of
the nature; but in spite of this there are considerable potentialities for good,
if there is also danger from pride and exaggerated ego. The bearing of the
conjunction of Venus with Neptune and its opposition to Uranus upon the
peculiar status of the child's mother will he noticed by the student. The
planetary positions in this case illustrate the strange way in which inherited
qualities and parental circumstances can be reflected in a child's horoscope.
The boy was named " Power," and certainly abundance of power of the
fiery kind can be detected. A girl named "Glory" was born to the same
parents three years previously. H. S. G.
 i6

On tlje ^.nalog^ ^tttoern J^ounJ), dolour anb tljr

^lanetarg J^jjstcm

By Heinrich DAath
"/ am inclined to believe that some
general la us o] the Creator pre-
vailed with respect to the agree-
able or UMpleasing affections oj
all our senses, at least the sup-
position does not derogate from
the wisdom or power of God,
and seems highly consonant to
the simplicity of the Macrocosm
in general."
Sir Isaac Newton.
I.
Sound and colour are very intimately related indeed, so much
so that there is a point at which the former merges into the latter, or
rather the vibrations of the one fail to record themselves to the senses
through the tympanum, and express their pitch through the sense of
sight as colour.
Both the gamut and the spectrum contain seven integrals corre-
sponding to the seven planetary bodies, Sun, Moon, Mercury, Venus,
Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. (Uranus and Neptune= Mercury'and
Venus2.) And it may be inferred too that the senses of Touch, Taste
and Smell are also resolvable into the same number of expressions.
Such an inference is by no means unwarranted. Thence we may
be led to suspect an inter-relationship between the five great avenues
through which man keeps in touch with the world around him.
G D 2/
Hearing
(musicalsound) Tonic Super-ton. Mediant Sub-doin. Dominant Sub-med. Sub-tonic
Sight {colour) Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet
Taste Bitter Acid* Sweet Insipid Alkaline Aromatic Pungent
Todch Sharp Rough Smooth Soft Hard Blunt Pubescent
Smell ? ? ? ?
This is not put forward as being a strictly accurate allocation, but
merely in illustration of what is meant.

* Or Bitter-sweet ?
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 17
Granting for a moment the premises, we readily see that one
might receive any planetary expression through the medium of five
senses simultaneously. There is no reason to doubt that symphonies
of taste, touch and smell are possible equally with those of sound and
colour. Everyone knows how variously perfumes will affect different
people, and how even the same odour will create jvarying sensations
among them.* The latter fact would appear to be an argument
against an inhering specific quality, but we must remember that both
agent and reagent have to be considered : the olfactory organs of the
Saturnine type will be averse from the Mars odoriferous emanations.
The association of colour with different musical notes is, of course
most remarked in those whose organism is of that sensitive character
we denominate the " artistic temperament."t Years ago Herren Beuler
and Lehman of Zurich made some studies of the subject. Their
results went to show that as a rule higher notes are accompanied by
lighter colours, and lower notes by darker. Chords, when struck,
were attended by corresponding colour combinations. A skilled
musician who was examined stated that he perceived a distinct colour
with each key: for C major, grey; G-flat major, reddish-brown;
A major, blue; A minor, lead colour; F-sharp major, yellow. (Green
was not musical.)|

* " Most people are only half alive . . . they don't feel, they don't hear,
they don't see, they don't even smell. . . . You don't believe. . . . No, I
suppose people wouldn't believe. . . . But I've felt quite dizzy with joy at
smelling hay after a rain. Heliotrope makes me want to laugh and sing. Violets
make me feel meek and wistful; but they all do something to me."—Elizabeth
Robbins in The Open Question.
f Cf. Alfred de Musset, Arthur Rimbaud, Francis Poitevin, etc. " Have you
ever thought how much of life can be expressed in terms of music? To me every
civilisation has given out its distinct musical quality; the ages have their peculiar
tones; each century its key, its scale."—James Lane Allen in The Choir Invisible.
"Did you ever associate colours with the keys? . . . the key of F major
always seems to me to have a light blue colour. . . . the key of G major never
fails to suggest yellow . . . E major is dark orange, and F-sharp major isalmost
a deep crimson. . . . Doesn't it show that music has hidden in it things that
connect it strangely with other apparently different things ? . . . Music repre-
sents vibrations which reach our brains through our ears. Colour represents
vibrations which reach our brains through our eyes. It does not seem unreasonable
that Nature should produce similar impressions by means of different kinds of
vibrations, does it ?"—Max Adeler in Captain Bluitt.
t The writer is aware that at various times attempts have been made to con-
struct colour-organs, colour-pianos, etc., but they have not proved successes for
reasons not far to seek. On June 6th, 1893, Mr. Rimington gave a display of
coloured light with his < colour-organ ' at St. James's Hall. His apparatus con-
sisted of a large box furnished with a number of apertures fitted with differently
tinted glass. These holes were supplied with shutters controlled by a pianoforte
l8 MODERN ASTROLOGY
To some persons the same piece played by different instruments
appears in different colours. Again, noises are generally accompanied
by colours of a grey or brown hue. Besides, some minds perceive
colours on hearing consonants, vowels, diphthongs, words and sen-
tences. Others perceive sounds on seeing light and colours, so that
the reverse phenomenon also exists. A broad quiet gas flame suggests
the sound we, when the light flickers it changes to I.
Apart from the identification of colour and tone, we find that the
attempt to relate sounds with the planetary bodies has exercised the
minds of the greatest among the old philosophers, mathematicians and
musicians. At least the " music of the spheres " was found not
unworthy consideration by Pythagoras, Plato, Aristotle, Colonna,
Mersennus, Fludd, Boetius, Kepler, Newton, and a host of other
eager investigators.* The twentieth century well-informed person
smiles at the idea of ' celestial syrens' harmony, that sit upon the nine
enfolded spheres.' To the Platonists, however, everything in the
world was music, all being formed from those archetypal ideas of
order and symmetry existing in the Divine mind. Still, we must
understand that the term (nowtx,; was applied by the Athenians
to every act, being taken in a more extensive sense than is customary
at the present day. The ancient science of music was embodied in the
Harmonica.
It is not a fantastic conception of Maximus Tyrius and others
who argued that the mere proper motion of the planets in their orbits
must create sounds, and that the sounds must harmonise according to
fixed laws, the whole seven bodies embracing the seven tones of the
diapason. The Pythagorean musical proportions in this spheral music
were regarded as follows : the distance from the earth to the Moon is
a tone, from Moon to Mercury a semi-tone, from Mercury to Venus
not quite a semi-tone, from Venus to Sun a sesquiple, from Sun to

keyboard, and the various tints and combinations were thrown upon a screen.
One of the chief defects, of course, lay in the rapidity of the changes. The eye
cannot take in or realise suggestions from a rapid succession of colours. Kor can
light passed through pigmentary substances emulate the colours of the spectrum
In the eighteenth century Pere Caste) constructed a colour clavecin, the notes
coinciding with the prismatic tints as follows ; C blue, C-sharp sea-green, D grey-
green, D-sbarp olive-grey, E yellow, F golden, F-sharp orange, G red, G-sbarp
crimson, A violet, A-sharp blue-violet, B iris-blue.
• See also Plin. lib. ii, cap 22. Macrob. in Soinn. Scip. lib. ii, cap 1. Plutarch
d/ Animal. Procrtatiom, e Timao. Philo Judaeus, S. Augustine, S. Ambrose, S.
Isidore, etc.
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 19
Wars a tone, from Wars to Jupiter a semitone, and from Jupiter to
Saturn a semitone, thence to the upper heaven a sesquiple. In the
motion of the earth we get the fundamental F, in that of Moon A, of
Mercury B, Venus C, Sun D, Mars E, Jupiter F, and Saturn G.
These ideas are expressed in the diagram below.
A more elaborate concept is the Mundane Monochord of Robert
Fludd. It can be seen in his work published at Oppenheim in the
year 1617 entitled Utnnsqne Cosmi, Majoris scilicet et minoyis, wetci-
physlca, atqiu iechnica hisloria, and from the third book, of which (De
Musica Mundane) 1 propose to translate the more material part. " I
have," he says, " represented the great instrument of the Macrocosm
as a monochord, distinguishing the different musical intervals in their
proper ratio by the difference of the places lying between the centre
and periphery. In this way it is at once a sort of scale or ladder

Fsg. I
which I have constructed. It is known that the chord of an instru-
ment may be divided into intervals by metrical proportion, and so I
have here similarly distributed both matter and form in a quantitative
manner and assigned them due proportions equivalent to musical
consonances. If, then, a monochord be assumed to stretch between
the higher heaven and the earth it will be seen that it may be divided
into parts which shall represent consonances, and that if it be stopped
or damped at the middle the consonant diapason would be produced
in the same way as upon the instrumental chord. But we must
understand that we cannot apportion the consonances and their
proper intervals in any other manner than as they are shown to occur
on the instrumental monochord, i.e., in proportional parts. The earth
in mundane music is the F (gamma) of music, unity in arithmetic or
20 MODERN ASTROLOGY
the point in geometry. It is the term and the sound from which pro-
portional ratios are to be computed. Water may be said to occupy
the place of a whole tone, the air that of another, and fire (this being
the upper portion of the air, kindled or illuminated) that of the lesser
semitone. Yet as the two parts of this matter reach up to the middle
heaven to counteract the supernatural heat, and two parts of light are
thrown downwards, these form the sphere of the Sun, giving it
equality, and therefore producing a sesquialtera proportion, contain-
ing three parts of the middle heaven opposed to two parts of the Sun's
sphere, equivalent to the consonant diapente or fifth. This is the

kvsL \
1 TC P*
Si"
ji?/ \
vS
\o-
a.
5t-
K.

AER y
H-aH

FlO. 2
most perfect consonance of matter, but perfect only as it is expressed
through the solar sphere. And though the most perfect consonance
of the middle heaven ends at the Sun (its heart), and thence com-
mences its motion to a formal diapason, in its concavity there sounds
only the consonant fifth. This consonant therefore is more applicable
to the place than any other, being less perfect and occupying the
position between the perfect and imperfect.
It must be explained that a string gives the same note as one
double in length when the tension applied to the latter is quadrupled.
 SOUND, CuLOUlt AND THIC PLANETARY SYSTEM 21

The gravity of a planet is quadruple the gravity of a planet at a

double distance. Generally speaking, in order that a note sounded
by a string may be in unison with a shorter one of the same quality,
the force or tension must be increased in the same proportion as the
square of its length is greater. That the gravity of a planet may
become equal to the gravity of another one nearer the Sun, it must
be increased in proportion as the square of its distance from .the Sun
is greater. If we suppose cords extended from the solar orb to each
planet, and require them all to sound some note in unison we should
have to increase or diminish their tensions as much as would be sufficient to
make the gravities of the planets equal.
Again, in every cord the number of vibrations in a given time
will be as •v/j (n representing the extending weight and a the weight
and length of the cord itself). If the cords are of the same length
and weight their vibrations will be as the square roots of their length
multiplied,by their weight; that is, reciprocally as the lengths of the
chords, because their weight will in this case be proportional to their
lengths.
II.
Turning to another phase of the subject, the difficulty which first
confronts us is found to consist in the selection of a point of departure.
-What is the fundamental tone of nature ?• No reply can be given to
that question. Whatever it may be, all existing sounds are probably
overtones generated by this grand ground-note, and if we could
deduce this, the correlation of light-refraction with the diatonic scale
would be immensely simplified. Failing this knowledge we can only
speculate upon the scale of tones and semitones apart from the key.
That is to say we shall deal with the actual intervals as they occur
in a diatonic scale without reference to the actual pitch of the tonic
basis. The ratios of these intervals remain the same, whatever the
key. Recollect that it is the tempered scale which is referred- to,
wherein certain intervals are diminished and others augmented for
purposes every musical reader understands.
Now astrologers have already made planetary colour presump-
tions—weli, they have become more than presumptions by this time ;
they have identified each of the seven colours of the spectrum with
one of the planetary bodies, but they have not arrived at a satis-
22 MODERN ASTROLOGY

factory agreement as regards the notes of the gamut. This would

seem to imply that the colour sense is more developed than that of
sound. It may be objected that the colours attributed to the planets
are merely symbolical and that in several cases the actual colours
associated with them are those represented to the eye by their own
light, such as Mars (red), Sun (orange), Moon (silver, white), Saturn
(leaden). This, however, is by no jneans the case. Red as a colour
possesses intrinsically the Martial qualities, and blue, which we con-
nect with Saturn, the saturnian. This is undeniable and can be
demonstrated in a variety of ways.
This planetary colour scheme is perhaps our best aid in bringing
into alignment gamut, spectrum and solar system. So if we believe
we have adduced correctly the typical colours of the planets, and we
assume that the notes of the gamut follow in the same order as the
colours of the spectrum, we obtain the appended scheme:
Note of Diatonic Scale C D E F G A B (C
Colour Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet
Planets Mars Sun Venus Moon Saturn Jupiter Mercury
This scale in C is employed simply for convenience, just as
there may be many shades of one colour, so there are possible many
expressions of one tone through its octaves: colour of course being
dependent upon the number of light-waves to the inch, tone upon
the vibrations per second. We must leave out of account tone-
quality—timbre, character, klang-tint—as these would naturally com-
plicate matters, and are really of no importance in making our
deductions.
First it must be conceded that the colours are correctly asso-
ciated with their respective planets. If so, do the latter exhibit any
recognisable succession or arrangement, either by progressive order
of remoteness to the earth or Sun or in some other astronomical or
astrological way ? Evidently there is no special method of associa-
tion suggested at first sight. There are, however, two pairs of
planets ruling oppositional signs which are placed in contiguity, viz.,
Mercury, Jupiter; Saturn, Moon; but this regularity breaks down
at the latter body, so the proximity may be merely adventitious.
These pairs represent dissonant musical intervals of major seconds.
Also at the other end of the scale there are two pairs of sign-rulers
and planets exalted in their respective signs: {Aries) Mars {house),
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 23
Sun {exaltation) ; {Taurus) Venus {house). Moon {exaltation); but the
collocation continues no urther.
Nevertheless, the succession falls into two well-defined groups of
four and three terms* which we may respectively denominate the
physical, and mental and spiritual. The former embraces the planets
Mars, Sun, Venus and Moon, the colours Red, Orange, Yellow and
Green, and in the musical scale a perfect fourth. The latter contains
the planets Saturn, Jupiter and Mercury, the colours Blue, Indigo
and Violet, and an interval of a major third on the dominant. The
first group includes that portion of the spectrum wherein is developed
the maximum of heat and visible light rays ; the second appropriates
the extremity exerting the maximum of chemical rays.

The individual parts of our scheme are seven. This number the
Pythagorians called the Vehiculum of human life in that it contained
body and soul—the body consisting of four elements, and the soul
having a threefold power—rational, irascible and concupiscible.
It is as well to mention that although the octave is completed at
Mercury, that planet is obviously not the octave of Mars. Themew
octave commences at the (C) shown in parenthesis, and this is also
the new expression of Mars. The two planets, their colours and
tone-pitch are in the ratio of 1:2.
Referring again to our scheme we observe the primary colours
lying at the intervals of a major third and fifth, the secondaries

° Ce parallele des similitudes techniques pent sembler arbitraire, mais ii ne 1'

cst pas; car, si nous pla<;ons le sysleme cutane en face de la premiere note de la
gamme, nous aurons UT. RE, MI. FA (I., II., III., IV.). correspondant aux quatre
systemesde la vie de relation, puis. SOL, LA. SI (V., VI., VII.) correspondant aux
trois systemes de la vie organique.—Doherty, Phil. Organique
 ^4 modern astrology
fitting in at the second and perfect fourth. M. Chevreul in his treatise
on Colour shows that
Red and Yellow accord better than Red and Orange
Yellow and Red ,, „ Yellow and Orange
Yellow and Blue Yellow and Green
Blue and Yellow „ Blue and Green
This is the same thing as saying that musical thirds are more con-
sonant than seconds, for the colours in the first column lie at the
former intervals, those in the second at the latter. That is
C and E accord better than C and D
E and C ., E and D
E and G „ „ E and F
G and E „ G and F
In colour the primaries are therefore equivalent to the common chord.
And just as these three primitive, indi visiblecolours (red, blue, yellow)
are the basis of all other tints, so the fundamental chord is the basis
of all harmony.
The planets composing the triad are Mars, Venus and Saturn,
and it may be logically expected of them that they should conform
to the same law in their own sphere. Of course they do not contain
within themselves all the possible forms of planetary influence, but
they rule the angles of the visible heavens, i.e., Mars the Eastern,
Venus the Western and Saturn the zenith. Besides this, Mars is
exalted in Saturn's sign (Capricorn), and Saturn in that of Venus
(Libra)—a further bond of union. Thus we find in agreement:
Colour.—The primaries,4 Red, Yellow, Blue.
Music.—The Common Chord.
Planets.—Mars, Venus, Saturn.
Blue, Dominant

Tonic, Red J ■ ■ ? Yellow, Mediant

The allocation of musical notes to planets here made depends
upon the assumption of an analogy existing between the spectrum and

* Modern science asserts red. green and violet to be the primaries, however.
The reasons for this cannot be entered here. Red. yellow and green are indivisible
tints and the term primary is justly applied to them.
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 25

the diatonic scale. As astrologers we have a practical acquaintance

with planetary colour, and if we can obtain some proof that the prin-
ciples of harmony coincide with those of colour we shall be forced to
admit in the present state of our knowledge, that the intervals (if not
the actual notes) previously ascribed to the planetary bodies are the
correct ones.
This proof must engage our attention immediately.
HI.
Long before pitch numbers were understood it was known that
a string might be divided into certain intervals by a series of ratios,
the octave being in the proportion of the whole length to the half
(2:1). Representing the tonic note of a scale by 1, the ratio numbers
for the succeeding notes will be ;
clD?.ElFiGiA3BAc'L
« 9 5 4 3 S 15 2
That is, if the length of the string required to produce C is one foot,
half that length will give the octave above, two-thirds the length the
diapente or fifth above, three-fourths the diatessaron or fourth, and so
on. This fact seems to have given Sir Isaac Newton the clue for an
experiment.'5
He first delineated upon paper the perimeter of the spectrum
FAP, GMT (see diagram) and then held the paper so that the
spectrum fell upon the figure and exactly coincided. An assistant

A A * ft c
T i p ; TiT^TN
11 !
i ■ : 1T
p
Qv" i i \ 'KLS'
G i —'—«— x

Tig. 4
whose eyes were more colour-critical than his own then drew right
lines across the spectrum at the confines of each tint, a/?, A.5, tf, etc.
When this was done the sections appeared as follows : red MaBF,
orange «y5/?, yellow green blue i/ikA, indigo iK/xk, and violet
AGA/it. This operation was several times repeated to check errors.

" Optics, Bk. 1. part ii, prop, iii, prob. 1. exper. vii.
26 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The rectilinear sides MG and FA were thus divided by cross lines

after the manner of a musical chord. " Now let GM be produced to X
that MX may be equal to GM, and conceive GX, Xx, ix> 'JX' £Xi VXi
a
X> Mx to be in proportion to one another as the numbers i, f, f,
ii an^ 50 t0 represent the chords of the key, and of a tone, a
third minor, a fourth, a fifth, a sixth major, a seventh and an eighth
above that key: and the intervals Ma, ay, yc, e>j, i\ and A.G will
be the spaces which the several colours (red, orange, yellow, green,
blue, indigo, violet) take up."
Thus is proved an analogy between the ratios of the notes com-
posing a diatonic scale and the relative areas occupied by the colours
of the spectrum.
The pitch of a musical note depends upon the greater or less
rapidity of vibrations per second. Its octave makes double the
number of vibrations in the same time. That is, if middle C of piano-
forte is produced by 256 vibrations per second, its octave will have
512 and its double octave 1,024. Colour is to light what pitch is
to sound, the varied rates of undulation developing the sensation of
colour to the optic nerves. J ust as a number of air vibrations are
necessary to give rise to a note of a particular pitch, so light of a
definite wave length is the factor in producing a definite colour. The
lower rates of vibration create the lower tones of the scale, the more
rapid the higher ones. From the longer wave lengths arises the
sensation of red, from the shorter blue and violet, the intermediate
tones and colours bearing ratios in proportion. If we could increase
indefinitely the rate of vibration—say of a string—a point would
ultimately be reached at which sound would become undistinguish-
able. Our string would replace sound by light, first of a dull red
colour, but passing successively in order through the tints of the
spectrum as the rate of vibration was increased.
All this serves to generate enquiry as (o how the planetary
arrangement is substantiated. Turning back to our first chart of co-
ordination we observe Mars to assume the lowest term, and to stand
for the lowest rate of vibration of a note in any scale, and the lowest
number of waves to the inch possessed by any colour in the spectrum.
Now our series of planets may be considered to illustrate the
passage from the animal to the human, or to put it in another form
from the planetary vibration which invokes the readiest response
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 27
throughout nature and human nature, to the one whose rapidity of
vibration requires the finer organisations upon which to impress
sensation.* Martial influence, as we know, is of the direct character,
and the least easily diverted from direction or purpose. Similarly the
red rays of the spectrum are those which are least bent in their
passage through a prism—that is, the least refrangible. On the other
hand the Mercurial influence is more susceptible to divergence and
interruption, just as its colour rays (violet) are the ones most bent
from their course when light is passed through the prism. In fine,
physical sensation takes precedence of mental and spiritual, hence the
two groups : <? 0 2 ]) and b ^ > t'16 former belonging specially to
the animal domain, the crude passions and instincts, while the latter
occupy themselves with the higher traits, mental experience, know-
ledge, ethics. The first group may be regarded as the experience or
reception of sensation ; the second the application or crystallisation
of the experience. Beyond the red lie the invisible heat rays, corres-
sponding to the evil demons or elementals; beyond the violet the
invisible actinic or chemically acting rays, corresponding to the
benefic forms of supernature. Much more may be said, but the reader
will elucidate many points for himself. Let us tabulate what we have
acquired so far in the manner below:

| Supernatural| | Supernatural |
Demons NATURAL Angels
PuysiCAL Mental
Mnrs Sun Venus Moon Saturn Jupiter
CD F G ' "AA B
. Med. Sub.-d. Dom. Sup.-dom. 1
Ratio Nos i: 5_
i. ±
± _3
_I 5
5_ '5
4 3 2 3
Vibrations
per second 25O 2S8 320 341 480 512
Colour Red Orange Yellow Green Violet {lied'
No. OK
WAVES Til IN. 3g.000 42.OOO 44.000 47.000 51.000 54.000

' "Thin light cords," says Dr. Brewer, "produce sharp, shrill sounds, and
thin lamina: produce blue and violet colours. Thick, loose cords produce deep bass
sounds, and thick laminse red colours. A violet is blue because the undulations of
the ether which touch its surface are thrown back with the utmost rapidity ; as the
undulations of sound from a very thin tight cord of an ^Eolianharp. Blue, or
rather purple, is the high treble vibration of light. . . . In order to produce
violet colour the undulations of ether must be 699 millions of millions per second ;
to produce red the ether must be jerked off the surface of the body at the rate of
477 millions of millions vibrations per second ; a primrose is yellow because yellow
is made by the medium vibrations."
 MODERN ASTROLOCV

We are 01 course dealing here with note colour in relation to a

key, and not with key-colour. That is to say we are recognising only
a similar succession of colours and planets in each and every key, the
tonic always being red and equivalent to Mars, the dominant to blue
and Saturn, aud so on. This would seem to imply that the tone
colour and characteristic quality of all keys werealike. But a moment's
consideration will show that while the notes of a scale may be definitely
associated with particular colours and planetary vibrations, these may
still be secondary to a basic series. Suppose, for example, that C is
really dominated by Mars and the red end of the spectrum. In a
diatonic scale built on this tonic the relations would be exactly as in
the preceding schematic view. Taking, however, the next note D as
a tonic for a new scale there might result a series of tints compounded
of the basic colours and the constants of the diatonic scale in C. It
would, in fact, be like superimposing the spectrum over another shifted
one tone below, resulting in a consequent blend of colour.
Orange-red Yellow-orange Yellow-green Greenish Blue Bluish-indigo
D E Fjf G A
C D E F G A
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo
Violet-indigo Red-orange Orange-red
B Cjf
B c'
Violet (Red')
But taking the triads possible to occur through one diatonic scale,
we obtain these conassociations of notes, colours and planets;
a. G Blue i? A Indigo y w B Violet ? f c' Ked'
■|.E Yellow s 21.1 F Green 5 .5 G Blue I; 4 | 'I- A Indigo }f
S C Red ,f | 5 D Orange O £ E Yellow ? I S F Green j)
^D'Orange'o' E'Yellow' ? (i F' Green' 5'
EB Violet ? 6 = Cited' <f' 71 .£ a D' Orange'©'
= G Blue '> I 5 A Indigo if "5 B Violet S
Astrologically the series is remarkable in that each chord con-
tains two planets which are rulers of adjoining zodiacal signs, and in
the case of the minor triad on A and the diminished triad on B all
three associated planets are lords of succeeding signs. For instance
in
Chord 1 we have 4 t) and 1 {<s)
Chord 2 O Jlj ,, D (®)
Chord 3 ? a) .. ? (U)
Chord 4 <1 nt) .. Jf ( 7 )
Chord 5 O Jl) S (nv)
Chord 6 ? .o.]. s (;n 1 and If (f)
Chord 7 J) (®), O (si) ? (np)
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 29-
Note also the contrast between tonic and dominant :
Tonic Dominant
i? O
« S
J •?
The unrest and throbbing of the imperfect triad (No. 7) is well
expressed by Mercury, Sun and Moon.

IV.
When we introduce the chromatic scale complications ensue.
For while the colour combinations are easily disposed of the planetary
assignments are not so readily made, since the seven bodies of the
solar system are already appropriated to the notes of the^ natural
scale. The most we can do is to combine the two planets between
which the semitone lies and state the colour resulting from the ad-
mixture. In the spectrum the tints are not defined by strict lines of
limitation. They merge into each other insensibly, red becoming
orange-red, reddish-orange, orange, etc. These are equivalent to the
enharmonics of the scale. Thus we have the progressions:
Red Orange-red Reddish-orange Orange
C C$ 1 l
Db*s D etc.
<? .r'+o <r +0 o
While upon the colour question we can refer briefly to comple-
mentary colours. As the complement of a musical interval is that
required to complete the diapason, so the complement of a primary
colour is the admixture of the remaining two necessary to produce
white light, and the complement of a secondary the remaining
primary. Thus the complement of red is yellow + blue, i.e., green ^
of green, red. In the scale these complementaries fall in regular
fashion at the intervals of the perfect fourth upwards and downwards-

Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet Red'

CD EFGA BC
Astrologically, the planetary individuals of each pair seem to be
in a way antitheses, each containing to the full what the other lacks :
Mars and Moon (drought and moisture), Sun and Saturn (heat and

' On an imperfect instrument like the piano C$ and Db are of course identical.
30 MODERN ASTROLOGY
cold), etc. Moreover, these same pairs are rulers of the first ' faces'
—the Ptolemaic ones—of oppositional signs.
4 ruling first Tace of T, g ruling first Face of
O <v, 'j K
« „ <a. n 1
Again, M. Mairan supposed that the numerous and diversified
sensations of musical tones were produced not by the undulations of
the air considered in its whole mass, but by aerial particles specific-
ally different in electricity, magnitude, figure, etc., each capable of
exciting by its motions or other modifications, the idea of only one
determinate tone. Thus it might be reasoned that the two orders of
particles which give the tones C and E (its third), either through
harmonical congruity with those particles which give the third sound
C below, or by some other peculiar affinity to them, are qualified by
their joint action on these last mentioned particles to give them that
particular modification by which they excite in us the sensation of that
specific tone to which they are adapted. Or, it may be conceived in
general that a mixture of two given tones may excite the idea of a
third and different sound in some such manner as two given colours,
e.g., blue and yellow give an impression different from both—green.
If we suppose the signs to bear the same series of tones and
colours as their respective rulers, we get the appended scheme:
T.m si ® vj.» /. k n,"8
<r O ? j) y ?
Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Indigo Violet
The musical reader may now make a little tentative practice.
Taking each planet in the above order and expressing its house (//),
exaltation («) and fall (f) by their corresponding note a lugubrious
melody of the following primitive character results
SO? J) •? 2/ S
|[ C G F 1 D C E | E (A) B | F E C | G E C | A F G | B B (A) ||
h t j It e f h e f h e j h e f h e J h e f
We need not dwell too much upon this, however, for the

• Mattheson in his Vollkommenen Capellmeister records that Dietrich

Buxtehude wrote six suites of lessons for the harpsichord in which the nature of
the planets was represented or delineated. Schumann adopted as a motto for bis
"Phantasie," Schlegel's lines: " Durch alle Tone tonet Im bunten Erdentraum
Ein leiser Ton, gezogen Fiirden, der beimlicb lauschet," In the Cotton Manu-
scripts there is a tract entitled " Distinctio inter Colores musicates et Armorum
Heroum." in which an attempt is made to demonstrate an analogy between music
and coat armour.
 SOUND, COLOUR AND THE PLANETARY SYSTEM 31
exaltations and falls are hy no means certainties to the modern
astrologer.
If we divide the houses in the way I am now going to explain,
another interesting feature appears. Taking the 360 degrees of the
circle and regarding them as so many feet or inches of a cord's
length, then according to the ratios previously given one half this
number will produce the octave not immediately sounding above the
note given by the whole length, the other intervals being in proportion,
thus: Cl Dj E* FJ Gf A4 BJL C'i. These proportions will yield
the numbers 360, 320, 288, 270, 240, 216, 192, 180. Call them

o P

Fig. 5
degrees ; subtract 180 from each term in the order set down, and then
double the difference of each. The series obtained is 360, 280, 216,
180, 120, 72, 24, o. Lay off these parts in the whole circle, beginning
at the cusp of the second house so as to include the first in its entirety.
The first portion will consist of 360-280 or 80, the second of 280-216,
or 64, etc. In the end we find a scheme embracing gamut, spectrum,
zodiacal sign, mundane house and planet. The appended diagram
will make this clear.
32 MODERN ASTROLOGY
The colour segments so fall as to bring those reflecting most light
above the horizon, and those reflecting least, below. The orange or
solar portion occupies the sixty degrees of highest elevation. Re-
markably enough the complementaries fall in the oppositional
divisions to the primaries, and the primaries to their complementaries:
the red area being opposed to the green, the orange to the blue, etc.
Further, by allowing the zodiacal signs to follow the order of the
spectrum we perceive Mars has its sign Aries in the red portion, the
Sun its sign Leo in the orange, Venus, Libra in the yellow, the Moon
its fall in Scorpio in the green portion, Saturn its sign Capricorn in
the blue, and Jupiter, Pisces in the indigo. When the octave is
completed the new scale does not pursue the same ground. The
course is the inclined plane of a spiral, so the next succession of tones
and colours passes on a higher level, the vibrations and undulations
becoming finer and ever finer, until the physical senses cannot respond
to them. Mercury stands at the point of permutation.
We cannot now go into the matter of aspects and their relation
to nodal lines, but it is worthy of passing note that the vibrational
curves of the octave and unison as shown on a sounding string or
tuning fork, give us the symbols employed in Astrology for the
opposition and conjunction. Thus ;

ss 700
s i
Curves of Octave Curves of Uut'sort

A vibrating string or column of air will set up sympathetic

vibrations in other strings, etc., without these latter being touched,
and we may be sure that every man has his key-colour and key-note
exactly as he possesses his key- or ruling-planet; and that just as in
each horoscope the admixture of planets provides that some shall
exert more power than others, so the force of colour and tone may be
established in a similar way. The issues of the whole question are
undeniably of immense importance, and in a future article a practical
application will be attempted.

Does the Universe look to you jagged and broken ? Repair yourself.
 33

®ije JFonttiialxons of ^Ijnatcal ^.slrologg

By G. E. Sotcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY; The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences5'1
And the city lieth foursquare
. . . On the East three
gates, on the North three
gates, on ' the South three
gates, and on the West three
galest And the wall of the
city had twelve foundations.
. . . And he that lathed
with me had a golden reed to
measure the city, and the
gates thereof, and the wall
thereof. . . . And he
measured the wall thereof
. . according to the
measure of a man.t and the
city was . . . like unto
clear glass. . . . the
length, the breadth, and the
height of it are equal.§
Rev. xxi. 13-18.

PRELIMINARY NOTE BY THE AUTHOR

It is probable that this Article will present some difficulties to the

general reader, owing to its being somewhat more mathematical than
those which have preceded it. This difficulty was however unavoid-
able, as it has now become necessary to bring the mathematical
development to a focus, in order to enable the astrological student

• The reader is invited to refer to the Editorial Note on p. 453 of our issue for
October, 1908, as the remarks there made are rather important.—Ed.
f The Hindoo Astrologer erects his horoscope in the form of a square with
three gates or houses on each side. Perhaps this was the general practice of the
Ancients.
+ The measure of the Macrocosmic Man. Each sign of the Zodiac represents
a part of the body of a man, and the whole Zodiac is sometimes pictured by the
body of a man bent into a circle.
§ This height is probably ;—[Height of Man = 6ft.] x x io" : see The Occult
Significance of the Planet Uranus, p. 2.
34 MODliRN ASTROLOGY
to calculate exactly the influences of the heavenly bodies. Although
the reasoning is more complex than usual, yet for the most part
there is nothing in it beyond ordinary simple equations. In one
instance a trigonometrical function is introduced, but this is imme-
diately eliminated and afterwards simple equations alone are used—
these equations are however of a more complicated nature than what
have been previously necessary.
Much of the complexity arises from the fact that electrical pro-
perties which are constant on the earth's surface are variable in inter-
planetary spaces and on the surfaces of the other members of our
solar system; and also on account of the occurrence of the factor
45r. The electrician is continuously coming across this puzzling factor,
for reasons that are not always quite clear, but which have to do with
the system of units adopted. With a more rational system of units,
advocated by several eminent electricians, this difficulty would not
arise.
The reader who finds the equations too difficult is advised to
read through the accompanying text, so as to take in the general
drift of the argument, and then to fix his mind upon the final results,
which are given in equations (191) and (799).
These final equations are exceedingly simple, although the pro-
cess by which they are obtained is complex; the one gives the
magnetic force of each heavenly body, and the other the electromotive
force. They are therefore the fundamental equations of
Astrology ; they are as it were the GOAL to which the
MATHEMATICAL REASONING IN THIS AND PREVIOUS PAPERS LEADS, AND
IN WHICH OUR CONCLUSIONS OBTAIN THEIR PRACTICAL EXPRESSION.
Although the reader who is weak in mathematics may at a first
reading merely skim the equations, it is hoped that the more expert
reader will give them a thorough study, so as to fully grasp their
significance, since they will form the basis of our further researches.
He will note that their accuracy is tested, whenever this is possible,
and that the tests confirm the truth of the theory.
After these equations are obtained no further difficulty presents
itself, the remainder of the article consisting of tables by means of
which the student can ascertain the power and the nature of the
planetary influences on any day, from the data given in an ordinary
ephemeris.
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHySlCAL ASTROLOGY 35

Pe.tt J.—The Real Meaning of the word " Mass" as applied to

the Planetary Bodies
(135) Since from 5(103) one of the factors which determines the
influence of the planets in Astrology is the mass, it is now necessary
for us to deal with this factor in greater detail, and ascertain its
fundamental nature.
The masses of the heavenly bodies are measured by the forces they
exert. If we imagine the whole body of a planet concentrated in a
point at its centre, then the force of acceleration F which it would exert
upon one gramme of matter at one centimetre distance from the centrei
when expressed in dynes, is the measure of the mass in force units.
At any other distance d the accelerative or attractive force, A,
on one gramme would be,
^ £ <92)
and this can be put in the form
F = A d' (flj)
The above gives the force in dynes that would be exerted on a
gramme of matter at unit distance, by a body compressed into a point
at its centre. In order to ascertain the mass of such a body in
grammes, we must find what amount of matter would attract one
gramme with the force of one dyne at the distance of one centimetre.
Many experiments have been conducted with this object and the best
results give for this mass, which is called the Universal Gravitation
Unit of Mass,
.V = Gp = 1-502 x xo7 gr (9-/) 7176G738
In English measure it is H'yS tons, and it will be observed that
it is equal to the square of our Gj grammes, or the mass which con-
tains unit electrostatic charge §§ (3 and 5).* The mass of matter in
grammes of any of the heavenly bodies then, is,
M = F jV = f G,* (95)
which from (93) becomes
M = AdtG? (96)
• The value of .V would not be obtained by the square of 8Jlbs. as some may
suppose from the value of Gi in lbs. given in Modem Astrology, September, 1906.
p. 396. It depends upon the unit of mass and length which in our case is the
gramme and the centimetre; for fuller explanation see note, Modern Astrology,
March, 1907, p. 11S.—G. E. S.
36 MODERN ASTROLOGY

(136) If V be the velocity with which a planet or satellite revolves

around a centre of attraction, and d the distance from the centre, the
acceleration
A
-Vi (97)

This gives us an independent means of measuring the accelera-

tion when the distance d and period p of the planet or satellite is
known. For the circumference of the orbit is 2rrf and it moves
through this length in the period p, hence the velocity,
2 jrd ■
V = ~j
.(9S)
or, V* 0-
Combining (97) and (98) we have,

• (99)

Referring now to the equation (96) it will be seen that for the
mass of a body three factors are required to be known : (1) the accelera-
tion A, (2) the distance d, and (3) the constant Gv Since G! is assumed
to be the same for all bodies, and has been (for the earth) ascertained
by experiment, the problem is reduced to finding A and d.
By equation (99) A can be found from the period and the distance,
so that given the period p, and the distance d, we are in possession of
all the factors A, d and G,1, and therefore of the mass M. It will thus
be seen that what we call a mass is simply a function of a distance
d and a time p; in other words masses can be expressed as a
relationship between a space and a time.
It will be shown in a future article that this fact enables us to
lift another veil hiding astrological mysteries.
(137) At the surface of a body whose mass is to be measured,
the distance d is equal to the radius r, and if the acceleration at the
surface be represented by A^ we have from (96)
M = Aq r2 Gia (TOO)
Again, since d^=r the force measure of the body as given in (9J).
becomes
F = Aai* (10!)
and from (100) and (101) we have
M Aar* = F (,02)
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 37

In the case of the earth, the surface acceleration A0 is measured

very accurately by means of the pendulum ; and the radius is
obtained by measuring a degree of arc and calculating the radius
from this. Then G2 being known the earth's mass in grammes is at
once obtained and its value as given in § (6).
(138) Of the three factors A,r and G, which determine the mass of
a body, A and r can be determined for each member of our solar system :
but the value of Gj can only be measured on the earth's surface.
Physicists assume that G, is a constant for all members of the
solar system, and indeed for the whole universe. There is neverthe-
less no actual proof that this is so, and hence the masses of the
heavenly bodies as given in astronomical textbooks are based upon an
assumption which cannot be proved.' This is not however the case
with the accelerated force that a planet exerts, for we see from {707)
that this force
F = At 1*
So that it does not involve at all.
In other words, the value of G, could be different on every member of the
solar system without in any way affecting the accelerative forces between the
members of the system. The mathematical equations by means of which
astronomers prove the law of gravity in a solar system are not based
upon the masses M of the heavenly bodies but upon the forces F ;
and we can alter these masses by changing the value of Gt without-
affecting in any way these mathematical equations, or disturbing the
foundations upon which astronomical theory is based.
The reader should bear this point clearly in mind, otherwise he
may be led to suppose that in what follows we are going counter to
mathematical facts.
Equations (/0/).and (702) should make it clear that if we do not
alter A and r we do not affect the force F, which is the factor involved
in these mathematical equations ; and that any alteration in Gl makes
no change in F.
(139) On the other hand any alteration in G, makes an important
change in the mass M since from (700) M varies as G*. We can
therefore greatly alter the masses of the heavenly bodies by means of
changes of G! without effect on the forces F between the bodies.
It may be as well also to repeat that in varying G, we do nothing
 MODERN ASTROKOGV
that is contrary to observed facts, for G, can only be measured on the
Earth's surface ; its actual value on other bodies cannot be measured,
either directly or by calculation. The statement therefore that G, is constant
throughout the universe is pure assumption and nothing more, just
as the further statement, referred to in a previous article, that the
etheric density and pressure were constant throughout the universe,
was also pure assumption. In the development of the electro-
magnetic theory of planetary forces we shall find that ive have not to
alter any astronomical doctrines founded upon fact but only those built upon
unproved assumptions.

Part II.—The Distinction between "Astronomical Mass" and

" Electrical Mass " Explained and Defined
(140) We found from equation (48) that the value of Gj bore a
definite relationship to the value of the etheric pressure for the earth
k, expressed by
16 G,4 = k (70J)
But it will be seen from the tables in § (86) that the valuo of k
varies through a wide range in the different members of the solar
system. A reference to §§(56 and 57) will show that we drew very
important conclusions bearing on Astrology from the above relation-
ship, and these conclusions would be quite invalid if the same relation-
ship did not extend to all the members of our system ; since in that
case the close agreement in the case of the earth would be a mere
coincidence. We must therefore conclude that (103) expresses an
equality that is quite general. We may, however, retain the symbol
Gj for the constant for the earth whilst the particular value G for
bodies in general can be expressed by
A = iGirsGJ (704)
If, now, in equation (100) we change G, into G the value of the mass
M will be greatly altered, though the accelerative force F will not be
changed. In order to avoid confusion we shall retain the symbol M
(big M) for the astronomical mass as expressed by (/00)and the mass
obtained by changing Gj into G we will represent by tn (little m).
This mass we will call the electrical mass to distinguish it from the
astronomical mass M. By changing G, to G and M to tu we have
from (100)
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY
m= ^ G1 (W5)
By transformation this becomes

^ COS)
and combining (706) and (702) we have
- - — = A,, r* = F (707)
Ga Gia
This last e^uatton expresses the fact that m/G* can in all
CASES BE SUBSTITUTED FOR Af/G,'WITHOUT VITIATING THE EQUATION
AND IT PARTICULARLY POINTS OUT THAT THE ACCELERATIVK FORCES
OF BODIES, F, ARE NOT AFFECTED THEREBY.
This point has been insisted upon with some iteration, because of
its extreme importance at this stage, and indeed throughout the whole
of the present article.
(141) In equation (78) and (84) we have two expressions for the
etheric /*, derived from J. J.Thomson's equations,
u = Up! and F = 3 d f/
2M 2M
Since from (707)
Gj2 _ G'
Sf m
these become
= ai,d
^ 2M ^ 3rw~
2m ( 0S)
'
showing that the change from the astronomical mass M to the
electrical mass m does not alter these fundamental equations when G,
is also changed to G.
(142) From equation (38) we have
k = pv* (703)
and combining this with (J04) we obtain
16 T»G3 = a = (iiA (7 70)
while from (108) this becomes
3rG
16 jt' G' = ' xv*
2m
x6^ = lUl
2 7)1
32 TT* ff) — 3 F V*
3^
321 x r ('")
4° MODERN ASTROLOGY

Let
It = -3iL (772)
32 iri
Then
m = 11 r (773)
Since the velocity of light v- is constant throughout space it
follows that 11 is also constant. Hence the electrical mass m is the
radius of the body r multiplied by a constant «. For the value of this
constant we have
» « 8,549 x iole [114] 18-931 9141
(143) The result obtained in the last section is very important,
for since « is constant for all bodies equation [113) proves that the
electrical mass m, for all the heavenly bodies, is simply proportionate
to the radius r." Now it is well known to the electrical student that
the capacity of spheres for electricity is also proportionate to the
radius, so that it follows that the electrical masses of the planets are
proportionate to their electrical capacities. It follows also from [113)
that the electrical masses of the heavenly bodies are much nearer to
each other in magnitude than the astronomical masses. This will be
clear from the following table, where the electrical and astronomical
masses are both given in terms of the earth taken as unity.
True or Electrical Fictitious or Astronomical
Mass' Mass'
m : Earth = M: Earth = 1
Sun 1094 332,00000
Moon 0-27
Mercury 038 sV
Venus 0972 0-82
Earth 1 "00 roo
Mars o-534 ti-Js

* This may at first sight seem to the reader both an extraordinary and an
uniikely result, since the mass, like the volume, is usually supposed to be propor-
tionate to the cube of the radius. But a scientific writer, E. E. Fournier D'Albe,
B.Sc.. has recently found that it is a general law throughout the universe, from an
atom to a sidereal system, that masses increase simply as the radius.
In the English Mechanic for April 5th. 1907 (p. 203). he says : "the mass comprised
within a world-sphere increases as its radius and not as its volume." (The italics are his.)
Of all scientific writers I consider Fournier D'Albe to approach the nearest to
occult teaching, and students of these articles would do well to read his works in
conjunction with them. They will find some discrepancies between his results and
mine, but these, I think, will be explained as we proceed. I would specially
recommend his Electron Theory, published by Longman, and his articles on the
Infra-world, and the Supra-world in the English Mechanic (Vol. 85, 1907).
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 41
JoriTER 1092
SvroRM g-22 948
Urancs 403 I4'6
Nkptuse 4 50 170
A casual qlance at the above table will show that the electrical
masses m, are much more nearly of the same magnitude than the
astronomical masses M, Thus the astronomical mass of the Sun is
332,000 times that of the earth, whilst the electrical mass is only
log times. Again, the astronomical mass of the earth is 81 times that
of the Moon, whilst its electrical mass is not quite four times. For
the reasons explained in the third article § (98), this closer approxi-
mation of the electrical masses to each other is of great importance in
Astrology, because we shall find that astrological influences are
determined by the electrical mass and not by the astronomical;
hence on this account the astrological influences of the heavenly
bodies are much more nearly of the same magnitude than the
accelerative forces of the bodies.
(144) It was pointed out in § (140) that the substitution of G
for G, by means of which the electrical mass m is obtained in no
way alters the accelerative forces F of the heavenly bodies. It
does however throw light on the nature of this force, as we will now
explain.
From [107) the accelerative force

VIS)

and from [104)

{116)

Hence

which we may put in the form

F = i6jra m x - V>7)
k
[To he continued)

' The reason for applying these terms ' hue' and 'fictitious' will be given later
in § (MY)-
 4-

#ur (Kompelitton

Unfortunately, owing to the space occupied by Mr. Daath's article,

which has been already kept waiting far too long, we are obliged to postpone
till next month the result of Prize Competition No. 9, though the prizes
have already been despatched to the winners. We may say that it has been
a most successful competition, as may be gathered from the fact that the
adjudicator declares that after having placed the first three of the eleven
selected delineations he finds himself unable to classify the remaining seven,
since they are all uniformly so good !

Particulars of Prize Competition No. 11

Houses
X. XI.
XII. I. II. III.
/17-3 H25 =27-53 T27 «27
Planets
055? j a is V n
®iz.i6 Vjao.S3 ^6.40 a3-54^ >928.301^ Jio.52 fl.23.35 "9-55 xzg.z^St. =53.1
[N.B.—The time is not known quite accurately, and may be as much as a
quarter of an hour out, but the above is most probably correct.]
The natives in our last four Competitions have all been men, and it is
with special pleasure that we find ourselves able to present the above
horoscope of a woman, unmarried, as the subject of Prize Competition No. 11.
We are glad to note an increasing number of new competitors, and hope
that still more will attempt this horoscope, which is a particularly interesting
one.
For their benefit, and also for the sake of avoiding the necessity of
turning up back numbers, we will repeat the conditions of these Prize
Competitions, from p. 317 of last volume :—
We must ask Competitors to observe strictly the following conditions, which are
framed alike in their own interest and in that of the adjudicator.
(1) Delineations to be typed; or clearly written upon ruled foolscap; three or
four pages of the latter being ample as to length : in either case they must be upon
one side of the paper only.
(2) A broad margin to be ruled and all aspects, etc., explanatory of the
characteristics described, written within this margin.
(3) The Delineation to be signed only by a. nom-de-plume, this to be one not
previously used. The name of the competitor must not appear.
(4) A short letter, giving name and address, must accompany delineation; also,
 OUR NKXT PRIZE COMPETITION 43
{5) \ stamped addressed postcard for acknowledgement of receipt.
(6) A copy of Delineation should be kept, as under no circumstances can any
be returned.
There are TWO prizes given, each consisting of " Modkkn Astrology "
publications to the value of tos. 6<f. An Extra Prize may be awarded in
case of special merit.
Those who have already won two prizes, exclusive of the Extra Prize,
are debarred from either First or Second Prize ; but the Extra Prize is
always open to them in the case of exceptional commendation by the adjudi-
cator (who is as a rule the native him or herself), or if in the opinion of the
Editor the value of the delineation from an astrological point of view merits
such a distinction.
Note.—The last day for receiving Delineations in above Competition
is March 31st.
As this issue will appear about December zoth, it is, perhaps, not too
late to remind our home readers that Iht last day for receiving delineations for
Prite Competition No. to (for data of which see p. 480 of October issue) is
December 31st.

THE FRIEND

Weary with striving up the heights,

Where keen the ice-borne peak blast bites,
Finding at last a hidden nook
Behind a drift, I shelter took.
Then came One with a whip of thongs,
Keen as the thought of cherished wrongs,
And drave me from that sheltered spot.
I cursed him—but I tarried not.
And ever as I sought repose,
Relentless as a tyrant's foes
Pursued me that Resistless One,
Nor left me till my task was done.
Vet had I halted in that nook
M y chance of peace I had forsook I—
How could 1 tell, until the end,
That Stern One was my firmest friend ?
 44

letters to tlje (EMtor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
Ail correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected (hat differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and ail offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; h) that planetary positions, as
well as birth data, should always be given where possible; ana (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.
Hindu Cycles and Circle Ratio
Dear Sir,
I see in your issue for March, 1908 (p. 136), that you have
reproduced-from Notes and Queries an old study of mine on the value
of ir, deduced from the Hindu Cycles of Time. Unfortunately a
typographical error, misplacing the noughts, spoiled the total of Notes
and Queries, which was re-published with due correction in the San
Francisco Mercury, March, 1897 (p. 197). As this last publication
is now out of print, I would deem it a favour if you would reprint the
said correction as follows :
One Mahakalpa or Brahmic Age 311,040,000,000,000
+ 1 year of Brahma, or -Ju 0/ Brahma's Age 3. r 10.400.000,000
+ 1 day-night, or of Brahma's year 8,640,000,000
+ 1 hour, or fa of Brahma's day 360.000.000
+ 1 minute, or fa of Brahma's hour 6,000,000
+ r second, or fa of Brahma's minute 100.000
+ 1 third, or fa of Brahma's second 1,666-666
2 -
+ 1 fourth, or fa of Brahma's third, etc. 7 777. etc.
314.159.406.101,694-443+.
This making ir 314159406, etc.
At the time I wrote, I said that the difference from the sixth decimal
with the official figure, might probably be accounted for. In effect,
after noticing that the Hindus give only 360 days to Brahma's year,
I thought of trying the division into 365 days, and this gave the
following table:
One Brahmic Age 311.040.000.000,000
+ 1 year, yjj of Age 3,110.400.000.000
+ 1 day, g of year 8.521.643.835-616
4- 1 hour, fa of day 365,068,491-900
+ 1 minute, fa of hour 5.917.808-198
+ 1 second, fa of minute 98.630-136
+ 1 third. of second i.C43'835
2
+ 1 fourth, fa of third, etc. 7'397
314,159,292,730,437-082:+
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 45
Which brings a still nearer approximation to the official figures
to-day prevalent for -=3"i4i5926535g + l the slight discrepancy
beginning on the seventh decimal.
Thus, this nearer approach confirms my former conclusions, viz. :
that the Hindu Cyclic figures are based on the value of it, and that
they prove the impossibility of exactly squaring the circle, as well as
the fact that the Deity's existence is infinite and irreducible to our
finite senses.
It would also tend to show that the exact time of the Earth's yearly
revolution was known esoterically to those who computed the Brahmic
cycles, although exoterically it was put at 360 days.
A. Marques.

Mr. Suxcliffe's Articlf,s.

I.
Dear Sir,
I have receivedthecopy of Vol. IV. of Modern' Astrology,
for which I thank you.
I have not yet had time to study the whole of Mr. Sutcliffe's
interesting articles on "The Foundations ol Physical Astrology,"
in Vols. IV. and V., but have read with interest the discussion thereon
between "J. \V." and Mr. Sutcliffe, supplemented with your, and
subscribers , comment.
On page 334, Vol. V., "J. W." states "that two equal and
opposite forces neutralise each other, and must therefore produce no
effect." Undoubtedly, if we consider the two forces to be Primary
forces.
On page 379 Mr. Sutcliffe gives the forces acting in circular
orbits according to Newton, as :
{a) A centripetal force, etc.
(b) A centrifugal force, etc.
His (Mr. Sutcliffe's) theory is that these forces correspond to :
«) A centripetal force called electrostatic attraction.
b) A centrifugal force . called a magnetic force, etc.
and are " identical in every respect, the names alone being different."
No doubt to the ordinary reader, or " the merest beginner in Elemen-
tary Dynamics," "J. W.'s" statement seems true, and therefore Mr.
Sutclifie's two forces cannot cause planetary motion ; but, with the
help of the elementary principles of Dynamics, I trust I shall be able
to reconcile these statements.
Centrifugal force is not a primary force, but is an effect due to the
revolution cf a body around a centre.
The equation which governs the law of circular motion is :
IV
F- ^
S'
where.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
F ~ force in dynes
If = weight of the body in grammes.
v = velocity in centimetres per second.
g = acceleration due to gravity (gSicms. per sec. per. sec. )
and r = radius in centimetres.
In. Mr. Sutcliffe's articles the mass, M, of a body enters into the
calculations. It is important to differentiate between the weight of a
body and its mass. The mass of a body is invariable, but its weight
depends upon the function g, which is variable and depends upon the
place of observation. For instance, a mass of, say, 20 grammes would
weigh 20 grammes at the surface of the earth ; if it were placed at the
centre of the earth its weight would become zero, since g becomes
zero ; but its mass would still be 20 grammes.
Therefore,
.v = IV ~g
Substituting
31 for W + g
F_ — —
Mv*
y
F is the force which is causing a body of mass M to revolve in
an orbit of radius r with a uniform velocity v ; it is also the force F,
acting from the centre outwards (centrifugal force), and since uniform
circular motion is impossible without a force equal and opposite to
the centrifugal force there is present a third equal force Fa (centripetal
force) in the same system.
Therefore,
F = F, = F*
In any mechanical system if Fj and therefore Fj are known, then
F is also known, but it must be understood that the body of mass M
is moving, otherwise F would be absent; F, if in existence would be
a primary force and we would have only two equal and opposite
primary forces, F, and F2, which could not produce motion.
Mr. Sutcliffe has calculated the value of F, in a planetary system
and as a proof of that value, F,, therefore, by analogy to the mechanical
system, F is equal to F! and Fa, and is the cause of the planet of
mass M revolving in an orbit of radius v with a velocity v.
The only difference between the two systems is that in the one
the forces are mechanical and in the other, electrical.
If by any means the velocity n of a planet decreased, the centri-
fugal force which is a function of v (providing the intensity of the
magnetic field remained constant) would decrease, and if the centri-
petal force (electrostatic attraction) remained constant, then, the
planet would approach the centre of its orbit.
Applying this reasoning to Mr. Sutcliffe's articles, the centripetal
force is represented by the electrostatic force E, and the centrifugal
force—a secondary force which is, probably, due to the motion of the
body in a field of magnetic intensity H—is represented by q.
The simplest way I can express it is this ; The electrostatic
charges on the two bodies A B tend to draw them together with a
certain velocity v. The motion of the body through a magnetic field
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 47
of intensity H with a velocity v (which is the orbital velocity) produces
a force (centrifugal force) equal and opposite in direction to the centri-
petal force (the result of the electrostatic charges), therefore, the
motion of the body is approximately circular.
Now the velocity v is evidently a function of the intensity of the
magnetic field H. Is it possible that this is actually the cause of the
different velocities of the heavenly bodies and of their motions being
elliptical rather than circular ?
1 am only a very elementary student of the science of Astrology,
but I think that Mr. Sutcliffe's articles will be more convincing to
sceptical persons than any quantity of "facts."
Liscard, Cheshire, Yours faithfully,
Oclcbet 12th, igo8. " Student—I. E. E."

II.
Dear Sir,
At last Mr. Sutcliffe has replied to my questions and has
involved himself in irreconcilable contradictions. Without pointing
this out you say the controversy is closed and prevent me from
answering. This is so obviously unfair that I am replying and shall
leave you the responsibility of refusing to print it.
Mr. Sutcliffe. now admits that equation (i) is the general dynamical
equation, i.e., it is always true. Hence the right-hand side of the
equation must always be the sum of the forces along the radius vector.
But Mr. Sutcliffe says that his sum is Zero. Hence in his equation
the right-hand side must be zero. Careless of this statement he also says
it is identical with ^4 (i), in which the right-hand side is a definite
quantity. He must elect between these two statements as they are
irreconcilable.
After long study he has made an attempt to prove iiis assertion
by the differential equation, but the effort is that of a beginner, as he
hopelessly misunderstands it. In a circular orbit, as in all other
planetary orbits, the equation is
i d &' = _ l±
dp - TT i-'
If he will refer to Kelvin or to Tail and Steele, he will find that
the left-hand side is the acceleration along the radius vector. Hence
the equation asserts that in all planetary orbits the acceleration aloug
the radius vector is a definite quantity. By Newton's Second Law
the '.force is a multiple of this and hence the force is also a definite
quamity.
About eighteen months since you treated me exactly the same in
reference to the pretended error of Laplace. I drew a long letter from
Mr. Sutcliffe which displayed nearly as great ignorance of tlie practical
astronomy of the observatories as his recent letters have concerning
the theoretical science. Yet you closured the discussion and passed
that incorrect statement to your readers as true! Under these
conditions it is useless to discuss astronomical questions in your pages.
There is a deeper question involved. In bygone ages astronomy
 MODERN ASTROLOGy

and Astrology were one, but now astronomers look on Astrology as

an exploded superstition only accepted by the ignorant. Surely we
ought to think it a primary object to overcome this prejudice. I
know you have the interests of Astrology at heart, but your policy for
years has been to widen this gulf by admitting articles into the
magazine which any astronomer knows to be false. You expressed
surprise that the Astronomer Royal paid no attention to an article you
sent him on Precession.* 1 am not surprised, as the article in ques-
tion betrayed the most complete ignorance of astronomy. What
could Mr. Christie think of a magazine that printed it except that the
rest was on the same level ? For the last dozen years 1 have re-
peatedly protested against similar articles in order to dissociate
Astrology from them. Unfortunately about three years since you
fancied that Mr. Sutclifle was an expert astronomer, although he has
not studied the elements of the science. Since that unlucky moment
the magazine has been filled with false science, to the detriment of
Astrology. 1 have contested this, though handicapped by your open
partiality, but 1 now recognise you have identified the magazine with
these notions. 1 regret it as you are injuring your own cause.
Permit me to say that 1 sympathise with Mr. Hardcastle's
protest against the loose way in which some astrologers use scientific
terms. Such misuse of language only increases the prejudice against
Astrology which we wish to remove,
October 3 ist. . Yours truly,
J. W.
Note bv the Sod-Eoitou.—A word or two of personal explanation may
perhaps be permitted here. The whole conduct of this controversy has from
the first been in my hands, the Editor's time being too fully occupied with
other matters. All comments beaded " Eo. Note " are therefore mine, with
one exception; for this see page 516, November, 1907, in which the reader
will find no trace of partiality or one-sidedness.
J W.'s strictures, therefore, should properly apply to me and not to the
Editor, and if there is any ground for his charge of" obvious partiality"—of
which those interested can assure themselves by reading the correspondence
—the blame should devolve upon me. My personal opinions are not required
in this comment, and I will only add that I regret that Mr. Sutcliffe's
residence in India has made it impossible in all cases to include his reply in
the same issue as J. W.'s letter, which would have been a convenience to all
who are interested in this discussion. The foregoing letter by a Member
of the Institute of Electrical Engineers comes perhapsrt^ro/Wi, but probably
most readers will agree with Mr. Sutclifie's opinion that the controversy
has lasted long enough and that both sides having now had their say the
critic can choose between them.
A. H. B.
" This statement, we think, conveys a wrong impression. We complained of
a want of courtesy on the part of the Astronomer Royal in not acknowledging the
receipt of a letter in which a certain item of astronomical information was asked for.
The allusion to which Mr. Sutclilfe clearly refers will be found on p. 188 of
Modern Astrology for April, 1906 (Vol. III. New Series), and the letter (not
" article ") to which it relates, on pp. z86, z88 of the issue for June, 1905 (Vol. II.
New Series). It is the o^ic<af attitude of the Royal Observatory in connection with
anything emanating from a journal devoted to astrology, only, to which exception
can be taken ; for one or two private requests for information have been answered
with the greatest kindness.—Ed.
iHofcmt ^strolog^

Vol. VI. FEBRUARY, 1909. No. 2.

New Series.

(Ebe (Bettor's Obsirbator^

I am writing my remarks for this month in our new City Offices,

Nos. 42, 43 and 50, Imperial Buildings, E.C.
It may interest many of those who reside in
Our New Offloes the provinces or abroad to know just how these
offices are situated. Imperial Buildings is an
imposing block of Buildings facing the renowned Fleet Street, and
running from Ludgate Hill Station to the corner of Ludgate Circus.
The Offices of Modern Astrology are well situated on the third
floor, No. 42 being the General Office. These offices face Fleet Street,
and have fine bow-windows, on each of which is affixed in large
white enamelled letters, " Modern Astrology Office." The General
Office contains a full-sized counter for the display of books, maga-
zines, etc., and is occupied by the cashier, and a clerk. This is used
as the publishing office. No. 43 is a large room with windows also
facing Fleet Street, and in this the type-writing is done by the regular
staff employed for that purpose.
On the other side of the corridor is No. 50, a large room over-
looking the railway and Ludgate Hill. It is used as an editorial and
private office.
The offices have been taken on a three years' tenancy, with the
option of a renewal for another three years. We have also the first
refusal of other offices that may be to let on the same floor, none
others being vacant at present.
5° MODERN ASTROLOGY
Two large vans and seven men moved the whole of the contents
of the offices at Lyncroft Gardens into the present offices on Friday,
December 4th, and work was resumed as usual at
^ChaAge* ^ ® a'in' on t^e Monday following. Our first customer
called at 0.6 p.m. on that day and spent the sum of
£$ 18s. for books, etc., so that we started well.
With this change of office we make an important change in our
publishing arrangements; In future the trade will be supplied wholly
by Messrs. L. N. Fowler & Co., of 7, Imperial Arcade, E.C. We
have signed an important agreement with this firm, whose co-opera-
tion will undoubtedly make Astrology, and also our publications, far
more widely known. As heretofore we still retain the retail trade,
and this arrangement will therefore in no way affect those who deal
dirtct with the Office of Modern Astrology, but we shall be relieved
of the very considerable expenditure of time and labour formerly
consumed in attending to wholesale orders.

The Parisians have given Madame Steinheil the title of " The
Red Woman"; it would seem quite appropriately, considering she
has no less than five planets in the sign Aries, the
Woman" fiery Mars setting in Leo, and Saturn in the fiery
sign Sagittarius.
This extraordinary personage was born at Beaucourt, Lat.47038' N.,
Long. 6053' E., at 3 a.m., April 16th, 1869. The psychic conditions
affecting her nature are very strangely emphasised by Mercury con-
junction Neptune and Uranus squaring both. This, with the Moon
on the cusp of the fourth, in opposition to Saturn, the ruler, looks
extremely like obsession. Hysteria and neurotic tendencies are
plainly visible in this horoscope, and a little study will reveal what a
clever woman can do with wealth, social position, and opportunity.

The progressed horoscope of Madame Steinheil reveals much that

was but latent possibility in the nativity, the Mid-heaven having
progressed to the square of Venus and the pro-
Th
hapo80o^«fed gressed ascendant having arrived at the square of
Mars.
During the period of the crime and her trial, etc., the progressed
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY
Moon was passing away from the square of Mars and opposition of
Venus and the Sun, and was applying to the conjunction of Saturn !
And all this was preceded by a long train of Solar and Mutual
afflictions.
This is one of those horoscopes in which the present opposition
of Uranus and Neptune, in the world's horoscope, had the greatest
power for evil, affecting as it does the twelfth and sixth houses in
the nativity, and the tenth and fourth houses in the progressed horos-
cope. This horoscope may be looked upon as an important acquisi-
tion for students of Astrology, especially as the birth time is authentic,
being given in the acte dt mhsa.nct.

The solar aspects are varied during the month, causing unsettled
weather. The month opens with fair, mild weather, becoming un-
settled on the 3rd, temperature rises on the 10th,
Probable Weather stormy on the nth, unpleasant about the 14th,
for February
from which date a falling temperature. The fine
days are probably the 9th, 10th, 12th, 15th, 25th.

Next month will be given what may be called a" blindfold" delineation,
by the Editor, of the nativity of a very famous man. That is to say, the
nativity was handed to the Editor, and the delineation was written without
any knowledge of the native's identity. While incorrect in some details, it
is strikingly true as regards character and fame, and the fact that the native
rose by his own efforts far above the sphere of his birth.
It has not been possible to prepare the report on the November
" Plebiscite " in time for this issue, but it will appear in the March number.
At this time of the year our correspondence pages always get rather
"out of hand," owing to the December number ^Astrologer's Annual) con-
taining no letters. This throws an extra strain on the January and February
issues, causing both delay and crowding, hence the large amount of space
devoted to " Letters to the Editor " in this issue. Their inherent interest,
however, amply justifies the room accorded.
We must ask the indulgence of both readers and publishers in regard to
Reviews. Want of space inevitably causes delay and sometimes exclusion.
Even in this issue we were obliged at the last moment to hold over four
pages of Reviews which have been waiting some time.
 32

StimfoUi Harma

The doctrine of Karma is becoming ever more and more widely

known among thinkers in the West, and accepted by growing num-
bers as an overwhelmingly preferable explanation of the problems of
life, indeed as the only explanation.
Astrologers, who by reason of their being concerned with a
Science than which no other is older or more venerable in the world
should rightly be in the very front wave of thought, with all the impetus
and weight of the Ancient Wisdom at their back, are realising that
at no time could the doctrine of Karma and its other half, Reincarna-
tion, be dispensed with by an Astrology which would be to any
appreciable extent a manifestation of that Ancient Wisdom.
A simple statement of the doctrine is that we reap the result at
one time of what we have at some previous time or times thought,
desired or done; but while this is broadly true it lacks the detail and
classification necessary to meet the various problems arising out of
its application.
Indian thought, which has for ages accepted this doctrine, and
endeavoured to apply it practically, has classified Karma, or rather
its various aspects or stages, and it is thought that a short examina-
tion into this, together with an illustration from an old Greek Myth,
in which the writer sees the same ideas embodied with a direct refer-
ence to the astrological connection therewith, will prove interesting
and helpful.
The division is threefold, the Sanskrit names of the divisions
being Prarabdha, " commenced " or ripe Karma ; Sanchita, meaning
" accumulated," and Kriyamana, "that in course of making."
By the last-named is meant that which everyone is engaged in
weaving by thought, desire or deed during life, during the sojourn of
the Ego in the particular set of conditions which constitute the
transient personality, such conditions being indicated by the birth
map and progressions. Karma is well described as a web, and the
causes set going in even one liie must be exceedingly varied and
intricate, bonds of love set up with some people, of hate with others;
 THREEFOLD KARMA S3
obligations contracted on the one hand, on the other services done
which must reap their reward; merit or increase of ability acquired
as regards one level of the being, while bad habits are set up in
another level, calling for the remedial working of the law. Some
desires and tendencies germinate and become strengthened till they
so dominate the consciousness as to become a definite " will to per-
form," which in its turn will sooner or later become an act, though
perhaps no opportunity for performing it may arise in that life ; and
some thoughts may increase in number and intensity and become
tendencies and in turn set up a " will to perform," and desires and
aspirations. And thus the interaction is apparently endless. " Man
verily is desire-formed," says an Eastern Scripture, " as is his desire,
so is his thought; as his thought is, so he does action ; as he does
action, so he attains." It would seem that, permeated as each one
must be by all kinds of variations of the planetary vibrations, an
answering response to one vibration causes an increased sensitiveness
thereto, which sensitiveness must cause the corresponding act or
faculty to be called forth at some time or other into manifestation
under the stimulus of the same planetary vibration.
Now modern Psychology has realised as a result of the study of
hypnotic phenomena, and of the necessity of finding an explanation of
the curious problems of double or multiple personality, that no one is
at any time fully expressed in personal character, but that there is
always very much more of a man " below the threshold " of conscious-
ness (as it is termed) than is in actual manifestation, and sometimes
by hypnotism, and sometimes by spontaneous derangements, the
hidden capacities and tendencies may show through. The part of
the character that is not normally manifested is lying hid, latent.
Agreeably with this the astrologer will say that a man will not respond
to all the vibrations that are shown in his birth-map; there are, for
instance, the uncertain influences of It and ^ to be considered, which
influences are probably instrumental in bringing out into manifesta-
tion in rare cases some of the hidden character. Also the intuitive
student realises that the birth-map and progressions do not really re-
present the true man even if all the vibrations indicated were responded
to, but only show him as he is to appear to be during one act (incarna-
tion) of his whole Existence-Drama. The seeds or possibilities of
response to other vibrations are stored up in the causal body, the true
54 MODERN ASTROLOGY
lasting individuality, but may be reached, as before said, under the
special and peculiar conditions mentioned, or under what has been
called the " quickening of Karma," brought about possibly under the
little understood higher octave vibrations of <j> and . It need hardly
be said that all this applies not only to character and qualities but
also to events and happenings and conditions generally, and to close
associations with other people, for as in past lives all must have set
up strong karmic relationships with many others it seems reasonable
to say that there may be many more karmic ties binding us than can
be worked out in one particular life. AH the souls to which a person
is bound in a greater or less degree, by love or hate, may not be able
to reincarnate at the same time with that person, for a variety of
reasons. Also, as Mrs. Besant says, "There is Karma that must be
worked out in some particular nation or social position, while the
same man has other Karma that needs an entirely different environ-
ment." Therefore, all these latent characteristics, and postponed
karmic relationships and experiences, are "accumulated Karma,"
gainings from the past, for good or ill, placed on deposit account until
drawn upon. It is the middle class, the Sanchita, and is the whole
of the results of past actions (thoughts, desires or deeds) of which the
results have not yet been worked out.
But there are said to be certain great Spiritual Powers, the
Lipika or Lords of Karma, intimately associated no doubt with the
planetary angels and working in and through the complex zodiacal
and planetary harmonies; Powers who observe the recorded Karma
of each Ego, and who, when the time for reincarnation comes choose
from the " mass" of accumulated Karma so much as may be
worked out in one life. They direct the limits within which the
moulding of the principles or bodies of the re-forming personality
taires place, and guide the new " person " to take incarnation when
and where the conditions will result in surroundings in which the
chosen Karma may be worked out. The third class of Karma is here
indicated; the Prarabdha, or commenced, ripe, inevitable.
In a Hindu Scripture, the Devi Bhagavata Purana, it is
written: " That which was in the olden time produced in many
births is called Sanchitam. Again from the midst of the Sanchitam
is selected a portion, and, at the time of the beginning of the body,
Time energises this ; it is known as Prarabdha Karma." The ' time
 THREEFOLD KARMA 55
of the beginning of the body' may be read to mean the time of the
re-forming of the personality, the pre-natal epoch, not merely the
commencement of the newly-born physical body in its separate
existence.
The mention of " Time" energising the selected Karma is
interesting and significant, when it is remembered that Time, Chronos,
is Saturn, the planet of fate and destiny, crystallising, condensing,
bringing to an acute stage the results of certain of the past outgoing
energies of the "Eternal Pilgrim." As such, He governs and repre-
sents the Prarabdha Karma of the Pilgrim, or, in other words, the
Personality.
As is said in How to Jitdgt a Nativity, Part II.: " As Time,
Saturn marks a boundary, denoting the finite and limited, and
symbolises the imprisoned consciousness bound to form." And:
" Nothing so clearly proves the fact that each man is absolutely his
own law-giver as the working out in each nativity, through Saturn,
of the limitations and bondages forged in other lives by the action of
the desire nature; for Saturn the Reaper, i.e., the physical body or
environment" (in one sense practically synonymous with " ripe
Karma") "gathers in the harvest of seed sown long ago."
One manifestation of ripe Karma, it may be mentioned in passing,
consists, as Mrs. Besant says, in inevitable actions. There have been
in the past continual and repeated thoughts of the same kind, good or
bad, until a critical point is reached, when the least impulse and oppor-
tunity will result in the act being performed, so strong is the desire
which is called up. The opportunity occurs, a vibration is responded
to, and the crime or the deed of heroism, as the case may be, is
committed on the spur of the moment, and without thinking. Also
another form of ripe Karma is " where some past evil-thinking has
made a crust of evil habits around a man, which imprisons him, and
makes an evil life." These actions have not been expressed in past
lives, owing to lack of opportunity. And, in the meantime, the soul
has perhaps been growing in power and " goodness." There comes a
life when this ripe Karma is thrown out by opportunity, and it forms
a crust of evil. The Karma becomes exhausted, and something occurs
to awaken the soul within, when it breaks the shell. " These are,"
says Mrs. Besant," the rare, sudden, but permanent conversions of
which we hear."
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The student will realise that, in such cases as these, the expansion
may be due to the liberating power of Jupiter, the individuality,
wresting the kingdom again from his father, Saturn, as in the ancient
myths.
Now, Saturn is the centre of very much of interest in the study of
Mythology, and we may meet him yet again in connection still with
the threefold division of Karma.
Probably all are familiar with the symbol of the three Fates, the
Moirae or Parcae, spinning, as it is usually taken to mean, the thread
of man's life, and cutting off his physical existence with the fatal
shears at the last. But an alternative reading is here suggested,
namely, that the three sisters each represent one of the divisions of
Karma. The Moirae were the daughters of Chronos-Saturnand Night,
the unmanifest, that which exists hidden in the womb of Nature, to
be brought forth in due time into manifestation. They were said to
control the lots of gods and men. They were together representative
of Fate or Karma, except that the purely penal or remedial and suffer-
ing side was represented by the three Furies, to whom an offender
was handed over. The names of the three Moirse were—Clotho, the
Spinner, who was represented in pictures or sculpture as a young girl
spinning with a spindle or distaff; Lachesis, the Disposer of Lots,
who was represented as a matron pointing with a staff to a horoscope
on a globe ; and Atropos, the Inevitable, an aged woman, sitting with
the shears ready to cut the spun thread. The analogy seems very
clear. Clotho, the Spinner, is representative of that Karma which all
are making, the Kriyamana, always increasing, all connected together
by a sequence. Her sister, Lachesis, the Disposer of Lots, is clearly
concerned with the Sanchitam or accumulated Karma, and she appears
to watch the Heavens to choose a moment when the planets are
sounding a particular harmony suitable to express some part of the
accumulated Karma that is to be endured by the man about to go
into incarnation, and only at that moment, under that particular
harmony, can the man be born. And Atropos, the Inevitable, who
stands by with the shears, ready to cut off definitely the portions of
the spun thread, according to the decrees of her sister, Lachesis, thus
finally and irrevocably bestowing a fixed portion of his fate on man,
what is she typical of, if not of the Prarabdha Karma, that cannot be
avoided ?
 THREEFOLD KARMA 57
" The exhaustion of Prarabdha Karma," says a Hindu Scripture,
^ is possible only by the suffering of the consequences of it." We
have to pass under the cold, binding dominion, and be content to
work it off, waiting for the expansion which will come when the shell
is broken, and the higher man shines through the personality.
The inconsistency in the statement that Saturn governs the
Prarabdha Karma, while at the same time the three figures who are
representative of the three divisions are all of them the daughters of
Saturn, is only apparent, and will be resolved by further thought
concerning the esoteric significance of these matters.
In astrological symbolism the three divisions may be indicated
by <?, and b , son, father and grandsire respectively.
Mars, the lord of outgoingenergy, desire, karmic action, signify-
ing the Kriyamana. Saturn, as already said, the Prarabdha. While
the accumulated, stored-up Sanchita Karma and its results are under
the dominion of Jupiter. The workings of both " malefics," or their
representative divisions of the karmic scheme, are in the lower worlds;
while the results of both,—the acts calling for penalties or rewards,
the lessons learned,—are handed on by Mars and Saturn respectively
to the Storehouse, the synthetical Jupiter, Father of Gods and Men,
Ruler of Heaven, Judge of the upper regions. He it is who governs
the Individuality, the lasting portion of the being in the formless
worlds, the true man where the results of the activities of the lower
nature inhere.
It need hardly be added that this paper does not profess more
than barely to touch the fringe of what is a vast subject, but it is hoped
that the few thoughts may prove useful to some in helping to appre-
ciate that the idea of Karma and the great Science of Astrology are
really not to be dissociated. Some allege that the esoteric side is an
innovation of modern date in Astrology, but the writer is convinced
that a little study of ancient myths sympathetically undertaken is in
itself enough to dispel this notion.
Arnold S. Banks.

Vour quarrel with the world is only a quarrel with yourself.

 fUanlt of (Competition fLn. 9

THE HOROSCOPE
Ztnitk or South Point. '

32

Eo
is.
St T
2& % f3

10
n
m 13 a2 7 or 12. Ty 9t
3.1 2/.

Crt

2S
%
77V: ir$
37
''T 31
Nadir or North Point.
This Competition has proved no less successful than the last, as
might have been expected, for it was an exceedingly interesting
horoscope; additionally interesting, perhaps, from the fact that the
native is himself an enthusiastic student of Astrology, as well as
an astronomer of repute,—being none other than Mr. Arthur Mee,
whose Story of Astrology was lately reviewed in these pages (S«e
Modern Astrology, p. 141, March, 1908). He is also author of a
handbook on " Observational Astronomy," a second edition of which
was called for, it having been received with great favour both by
astronomers and the press generally.
The story of Mr. Mee's " conversion " to Astrology must be left
for another time, but readers may be interested to learn that he was
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. Q 59
for many years a member of the Royal Astronomical Society, and
other similar bodies, and that he is the founder of the Astronomical
Society of Wales. Other particulars will be found in the short bio-
graphical sketch which he has considerately included with his Adjudi-
cation. In the letter which accompanies it, by the way, he speaks of
the Competition as being most interesting and most successful,
which words he doubly underlines.
And now before passing on to the prize-winners' delineations, we
wish to draw attention to a new departure, which we think will make
them of increased value alike to competitors, to students, and to the
general reader.
It has often seemed to us, when reading a delineation pro-
nounced correct in the main, that it would be very satisfactory to
know how far each individual statement is to be regarded as correct,
yet it is obvious that it would not do to delete every inaccurate
statement as this would entirely spoil the perspective of the whole,
while to interpolate "very good," " correct," or " quite wrong " after
each sentence would be insufferably tedious to the general reader,
however gratifying to competitors.
We have therefore bit upon the following plan, which we think
will meet the difficulty in an agreeable way. The familiar symbols
for degrees, minutes and seconds will be used to signify respectively:
• remarkably true ; ' quite right; " incorrect; the symbol in each case
being placed after the word or sentence to which it refers. These
symbols are unobtrusive and will not interfere with the reading,
while they will supply that detailed comment which is ordinarily out
of the question, but which the earnest student so eagerly desires.
We think this device will meet with general approval. Of course,
it all entails extra labour on the part of the adjudicator, and our best
thanks are due to Mr. Mee who has entered into the spirit of the thing
with hearty sympathy and spared himself no pains.
The delineations now follow, and after that Mr. Mee's adjudica-
tion. He places the selected competitors in the following order of
merit,
Tyro Rehua
Cor ne Edito Sun in Pisces
Saturnian Teendarta
Daybreak Sun in Leo
Mutable Esta
 6o MODERN ASTROLOGY

but he says that after the first three the others are so well matched
that he finds it impossible to accord preeminence to any. The first
prize is won by Tyro (Miss Jessy Frankland, 6, Mornington Road,
Bolton-le-Moors), Cor ne Edito is ineligible for a prize by reason
of having been twice a winner already, and the second prize therefore
falls to Safurnian (Miss Annie Lewton, 8, Cavendish Mansions, Mill
Lane, N.W.).
We print also the delineations of Daybreak (Miss Kathleen L.
Brown, Tantummaheag, Old Lyme, Conn., U.S.A.) and Mulable'Jyt.non.),
the latter, because it is comparatively short and yet, as the native
remarks, suggestive.

FIRST PRIZE

i? rising in The native is greatly under the influence of Saturn,' and slow
earthy sign,
rf? 11 O, development,0 limitations,'delays,'disappointments0 and hindrances
o 1^.13 J) ,n to progress' have played a prominent part in his life.
rs rising, tj He is reserved and cold in manner' and difficult to know,0 and is
<< ?, J) tnvj inciine(j to be over-sensitive,0 self-conscious® and suspicious of the
S in tad <j motives of those with whom he comes in contact." He is very dis-
criminative, and his critical faculties are almost too highly developed.'
They are turned upon himself and he is very self-analytical,' but he
S in m o <r should guard against too severe criticism of others.' He seems to be
S ^ in 751 rather lacking in charity" and has a keen eye for faults. He is apt
to expect too much from others, and has had troubles and misunder-
S d ij standings with friends through this, and also through difficulty in
0 inS1*t' expressing feeling, of which he has more than the superficial observer
gives him credit.' Anything in the way of gush is distasteful to him.®
D and Z in Though outwardly cold, he is by no means an ascetic and can enjoy
5th. * rising life t0 the fulL,

He is ambitious and desirous of excelling in all that he under-

nj rising takes,' more to satisfy his own love of perfection, than with a view to
In Asc. public recognition.' He is patient, persevering, and pays great
attention to detail.' Slip shod work he is intolerant of.' He is
prudent, slow" and rather timid in action,' and has lost many an
opportunity through over-caution.' He can organise and plan and be
very steadfast in carrying out his plans, but they do not always
1 a V and <j result as successfully as he expected and wished.' He is a lover of
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. Q 6l

music" and has some ability for the study of it, but is not vocally O in pin
gifted.' He can write far better than he can speak." He has of 2nd.
probably written plays," as his dramatic instinct is very strong," and e in 3rd in
he is much interested in the stage and has been brought into contact MdVte'V"
with it in some way. He is a student and a book-lover, and is fond Ruler in 3rd.
Of solitude" ^ rising innR
His mentality is deep, strong, inventive and ingenious.' He is Sinuiinsrd
not satisfied with anything short of a thorough knowledge of any
subject that interests him. The occult has strong attraction for him."
He can argue with subtlety and reason with depth, but often arrives
at a wrong0 conclusion at the finish.' His inner nature is good
0 and 2 9 ^
Q in **
gentle, with a great love of peace and harmony." He is capable of
much generosity, compassion," real helpfulness to others." He has a O*'2# i" ^
high standard of morality, and has the ability to temper justice with
mercy'. It seems as though he does best when he obeys his inner
promptings, and does not allow them to be " sicklied o'er with the
pale cast of thought."
His constitution is far from strong, and breakdowns have been
frequent". He suffers from rheumatism", and is extremely liable to (j (i © jn i
cold, which affects the kidneys and liver.'' This makes him very .
despondent at times," though he is optimistic at bottom". He manages © * V
to keep in fair health', because he knows how to regulate his life and in m8
makes a study of the laws of hygiene.
His early environment was good, though perhaps not the best U ruler of
suited to his development.' 21^',
He lost his father suddenly" and under painful and peculiar ^t^iniotta
circumstances early in life.'
He inherited money from him,' but lost some of this in business © in 2nd
ln 11 ln
of a rather speculative nature." He has good and generous friends'
who have contributed greatly to his success in life. He is quite in a in
incapable of pushing himself." 2^' * ® 'n
He has had a chequered career.' Many ups and downs in life' ^ in joth
and changes of occupation'—changes that have generally come about
with startling suddenness.' He has probably held some post under ip in n a
government, m connection with education." He may have gained in 2nd
reputation through inventions connected with means of transit.'
Speculation and games of chance have strong attraction for him", but D and 3 in
5tl1
he is too cautious to go far in this direction."
 MODERN ASTROLOGV

j) and 3 in He seems to have experienced much worry, responsibility, trouble

^ and loss in connection with children," but he has none of his own.0
]) *Vfrom Marriage took place late in life and was the result of strong
5th. v m . . ., . ....
jth ^ attraction.' His wife is very delicate.' An invalid', or in some way
8 on cusp of afflicted. He has a great respect for the outward forms and cere-
gth, f 8 !? monies 0f religion'—may be a lover of ornate ritual—but inwardly
questions everything,0 and accepts nothing that does not satisfy his
£ inH&Asc. intellect and reason.' In appearance he is rather below medium
S >n . . .
5□j height,0 with large bones." He is thin and pale and very dark.' He
has not much physical courage.0
Tyro.

SECOND PRIZE

The horoscope is that of a person who is physically and mentally

Fi EjAjj Ws well balanced, the planets being pretty evenly distributed in the signs.
The majority of the planets being in earthy and airy signs, the
temperament will be motive-mental', and while there is good intellec-
tual power, the native has yet a practical mind and is methodical in
work and study", with a tendency to bring everything down to the
physical plane.
m rising The rising sign, Virgo, gives power of discrimination and great
grasp of detail'. The native will find himself tending to be over-
critical', and his mind will at times be liable to irritability0, especially
when he finds that others do not see his ideas in the same light as
himself0.
? on Asc. He possesses a refined nature' and a love of art and music0, with
■tn rising probably a love of detail in art, and a good eye for form', he will also
i; d ? in «« have a love of sculpture. He should be fond of deep and scientific
I? 0n ^ study' and has much intuition. He will have had some difficulties in
the earlier part of his life', possibly in connection with his studies; he
has also had many thwarted ambitions; he may have had a desire to
on Asc. in study art, and have been prevented by unfortunate circumstances".
^10use On the other hand the conjunction of Saturn and Venus will have
$ « V in 7th brought good fortune socially, though being in opposition to Neptune,
in the house of marriage, he may have had some troubles with love
affairs', and possibly in connection with partnerships'. The marriage
«ii in k partner will very probably be possessed of psychic powers, and there
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 9 63
is likely to be some difference in age or social standing. The native » << ^Vin
will have an inward sympathy with romantic love affairs0; possibly $ jn 12th
this will manifest itself in the ability to write on such subjects. The ®
influence of Saturn will, however, be to purify the emotions, and his
writings will be straightforward and clean'; Saturn being the teacher in m < t
of Truth and Purity.
The native will be popular and sociable and fond of social ©,n ^
gatherings" and the society of the opposite sex0; lie will be fond of
popularity, and will do much to please others0 ; his love of peace often
getting the better of his naturally good judgment', though the Moon's 5 in W
influence in Capricorn will tend to rectify this to some extent.
The bad aspect between the Sun and Moon may cause family © 9 5
troubles or difficulties in public work'; trouble through deception' or house*
possible financial worries, with much change of circumstances and of
residence'. At the'same time much trouble may have been averted
through his patience and self-control, his strength of will, and his ij on Asc.
practical type of mind. "l r'siDe
The good aspect between the Sun and Jupiter gives him the true O * 21
religious nature, which unites tolerance with sincerity and honesty of P ln — * ^
motive.' He may be brought into prominence in religious affairs,"
and have many friends in the religious world0. His religious views
will bring him many opponents,' but he will have the power of
changing his opponents into friends by his open and generous methods
of argument. He will have a tendency to pride and egotism', and will 21 in a a
be difficult to move from his position, though able to see his opponents' fixed slgn
point of view'. He will make many distinguished and honourable q in ^v
friendships0.
The native is keen in investigating any new thought'; of social- h0u^e3rd
istic tendencies; fond of speaking and writing0, and, when not too S in 3rd cor-
self-conscious0, ready and quick at expressing himself. He will have ^sPonc'inf=
travelled much, and gained much mentally through his travels. He on Asc-
has some mechanical skill, and mathematical power". i * <?
His mind tends to mistrust others", and being always intent on S in m
the gaining of knowledge, he will at times need to guard against too
much sublety of method, as he is quite able to appreciate the maxim S |n "t
that " the end justifies the means " when he considers it necessary,
though the good aspect between the Sun and Jupiter will curb his 0*2/
natural tendency in this direction, causing him to shun any act of a 2/ in
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
if in gtb dishonourable or mean nature. He has a mind of a progressive type,
bouse
which loves all things new or original0, and he is not always under-
stood by his friends, who may be prone to privately consider him a
"crank0." He is philosophical in thought with a possible leaning
towards the occult0, and towards advanced views. He will have good
powers of concentration, but misfortunes will arise through lack of
a? opportunities, or through the lack of power to seize the opportunity
b Qlft when it arises'. He will also be liable to sudden fits of temper or
despondency0.
ij on Asc. The health of the native is liable to suffer through his tendency
rising to despond ; also through digestive troubles ; and he may also be
subject to ailments of a nervous kind, being too ready to worry about
his health, and perhaps too much given to rushing to medicines",
when his best medicine would be cheerful company; he would also
find great benefit from fresh air and proper breathing. He would do
^ rising in well to cultivate a sense of humour, which, I should judge, is not
greatly developed".
Saturnian.

HIGHLY COMMENDED

The subject of this horoscope is of the most pronounced mercurial

0
type . Not only is Mercury's sign rising, but the planet is in close
bp rising relation with the strongest positions and rulers of the nativity,—ruling
the ascendant and meridian, and squaring Jupiter, the ruler of the
S □ V. □<?, fourth and seventh houses,—thus controlling the angles entirely.
* «. * 5 ^n(j jje aspects the rulers of the second, third, eighth, ninth and
eleventh houses as well.
The personal appearance of the native therefore will be of a
distinctly mental type,—sle.nder0, inclined to tallness", with medium
brown hair, grey eyes,—sharp and alert0—and straight nose.
©in it The temperament is in every sense an active one0. Though
p in vj somewhat quiet and reserved at first appearance?, the subject is
Ruler of Asc. possessed of a busy0, curious0, critical'and observing" disposition,—
awake to the smallest details in his surroundings", and gifted with a
fair share of worldly wisdom and shrewdness. His emotions are cool
and controlled". He will note freely the defects of his associates';
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. g 65
this without malice, but with the object of setting them straight, as a
good friend.
He is gifted, however, with a tactful and politic manner of
speech', and the ability to set forth flaws without seeming to criticise. S □ j
Occasionally the square of Mars to Mercury from Aquarius,—that is,
the native's passionate love of truth0, will put all policy to the winds,
and his speech will be so pointed and incisive as co arouse bitter
antagonism0. Nothing is more distasteful to him than falsehood0,
and at the detection of a lie he will throw the velvet glove completely
aside. He is then hasty, impetuous, and impulsive0.
He is adapted for both law" and commerce" ". The dispensing
of some manufactured article for the use of brain workers,—both n on 10th
literary and artistic, should prove exceedingly lucrative,—the article ^ o/cuap of
preferably of steel, and a recent invention". Two occupations are icthand a ^
plainly indicated. The position of Uranus on the cusp of the tenth
house indicates sudden and cataclysmic failure, to which his career is ^ o >;,□ t
periodically susceptible, this the more pronounced because of the 'n "rt1
square of that planet to Saturn and Venus. These reversals are
usually brought about by enmity which the native would find it
difficult to trace.'
He has a living interest in the occult0; it is woven into the fibre Ruler of 9th
of his philosophy of life, and his views are original in the extreme, m I^- 0
and doubtless shocking to the conventional and orthodox0. These
opinions have frequently and sadly estranged him from his elders, ^ □ i;
and cost him unpopularity with authorities0.
With such a nimble and sharp tongue0, and ideals at such
variance with accepted standards, his path must have been very 5 a ^
rough at times, and the hardship of the reformer would frequently W '. 0
fall to his lot0.
His zeal is far beyond the limit of his strength ; his prodigal j a $
consuming of the candle at both ends in the enthusiasm of his i;, ruler of
interests would bring about long and tiresome periods of recuperation",
There is more than the usual occasion lor renunciation in this
life. Duty shuts him apart from much human affection, and the ? „ ij imzth
natural expressions of fondness would not come easy to him". Two V in 7th
marriages or life attachments are indicated,—one of a peculiarly double sign
• • . on
intuitive and psychic nature, maddening separations from those he ; D ^
most cherishes will occur." He will be often torn between love and
 66 MODEKN ASTROLOGY
© p. to a V duty. At the age of thirty he will have experienced the strongest
(in 7th) attachment of his life, to a lady of a dreamy and artistic nature, and
h on 7th a profound lover of the beautiful in music, art and literature, with
pronounced ability for one of these. This common love of the arts
will be the chief link between them".
The position of Neptune in the seventh house would infer
difficulties in the marriage relation bard to explain, not easily defined
or adjusted, and this is farther emphasised by the square at birth of
the rulers of the ascendant and seventh house.
B and <r in Several children are shown", but I judge they will not all live,
an
^ruler of ^ health and well-being will be a source of great anxiety. The
jth in 12th square of the Moon to the Sun would deny the native the fruition of
and □ 1$
DO© many of his cherished desires in life, especially concerning his children.
Sthand * s* '^e 'n^uence a daughter is marked and her comprehension of him,
18

ttV and his ideals, a source of great comfort.

He will never know actual want. His money conditions are
s ruling 2nd rather well aspected, and some income from bouses and lands, possibly
ettHBrsth inherited from father, is promised0. But protracted illness of both
himself and bis family will at times impose a severe strain on bis
resources;"
© in a tt ^ The position of the Sun in Libra and sextile Jupiter, however,
promises the ability to recover rapidly from physical and financial
strain, and indicates a native poise and balance which stand him in
good stead in times of pressure.
The horoscope promises much correspondence and travelling,
g Ruler of hither and thither',—also some disputes by letter and through the
3^ancTn' P1'®55'- ' ®ut these journeys are of the shortest duration and often
terminated abruptly. Some contention with relatives is threatened.
There is a liability to accident",—especially should he undertake
ij in gth. ? journeys of any length,—for they are always unpropitious and
rztlfand unfruitful, and involve painful separations'. Injury to shoulders,
^arms and hands must be guarded against, inflammatory rheumatism,
an
nilerof6th d a weak heart." There would be0 danger of sprained or broken
and m a fire ankies caused by precipitous haste . The ascendant ruling the
<r in sign on intestines and squared by Mars would invite acute indigestion should
eth o ru er indiscretion of diet be indulged in.'

g in d sign The native shows always an active interest in sports", but here,
and o <r as in mental pursuits, over-activity is threatened".
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. Q
A thoroughly refined0 and chaste nature is everywhere indicated, m rising
and the most of his energy is expressed through mental channels0. *
He will exhibit a strong love of art, and a critical appreciation of it.
The nineteenth year was perhaps the most active in his life, and op. rf S r,
the foundations of his business career were then laid".
His twenty-fifth year shows a separation from father or sweet-
heart, or an illness of such, or separation of sympathies". and 7th. ©
rulin I2t 1
The thirty-ninth, forty-fourth and forty-sixth years were times 8 '
of great sorrow and privation,—failure, unpopularity and the loss of a 0 P- Q r
child or wife are shown", and this period must have been in every 0 P- Q U r
sense a trying and critical one'. Although I am thoroughly in 0 P- D ' r
sympathy with Alan Leo's interpretation of these difficult periods, I
am as yet unable to express my interpretation of them in any but
materialistic terms.
Let us hope that the approaching transit of Jupiter through the
native's ascendant will bring him prosperity and rising fortune.
Davbreak.

SPECIAL MENTION

May good luck go with the present effort. I am taking the

Editor's advice on page 318 literally, and sending almost immediately
upon receipt of the magazine, for I find that unless one tackles a thing
at once it is apt to get put off time after time until too late.* Yet if
first to arrive, as it probably may be, I hope my attempt will not
prove last in merit.
This is an interesting horoscope. I will follow the plan of
"Cardinal" and take the sign-positions first. The first thing one
notices is that the Sun and the Moon are each in a cardinal sign and j qq
each in quincunx to a ponderous planet. They are in square to one
another, it is true, but these two "quincunxes " have fortunately the d *<4>
property of ameliorating matters to some extent, since the luminary®*3'
afflicted by one ponderous planet is in sextile to the other. And hence
I should judge with regard to these positions that the native has both
a forceful personality and a commanding individuality, the two to a
certain extent in conflict; yet each by reaction reinforcing the other,

* Example is better than precept:—we hope procrastinating competitors will

profit by this hint!—Ed.
 68 MODERN ASTROLOGY

and adjustment being brought about by the curious cross aspects men-
tioned, the actual working out of this in the life will be (I take it) of a
much less inharmonious character than might have been expected. I
should not be surprised if some competitors who may not have given due
attention to these points, pourtray a degree of disharmony and conflict
which the native in his comments will show to be exaggerated ; for I
judge that he learnt the secret of reconciling these opposing forces
fairly early, so that the inner instinct for harmony shown by the Sun
in Libra has had a good innings. Perhaps I am too optimistic in this
conclusion, but I do not think so.
f ? Four planets in mutable signs, three in fixed, and two (the lumi-
0 naries) in cardinal, show a well-balanced nature of all-round capabili-
4 planets in ties, with the sympathetic faculties readily brought into play0,
mutable signs ^it0getjier a person who might perform a very great deal of useful
work in the world.
It is curious that Mercury and Jupiter, the mental planets, are in
5 m. V ft. signs of feeling, while Venus and Mars, the motive planets, are in signs
oi mentality. From this I judge that while the mind will be largely
swayed by feeling,' and that a considerable amount of poetry is
instinctive in the nature", yet the real strivings, as shown by the life
career as a whole, are in the direction of the acquirement of know-
ledge—in its highest state as discriminative knowledge, leading to
wisdom'. I am afraid the native's Virgo modesty may incline him to
disclaim this, but he will know in his heart of hearts that it is true.
The resolvent action of the mutable signs is left to play upon
fjUB. S"* Neptune, Uranus, Saturn and Venus, the second and fourth of
these being in close square. Here I judge is where the majority
of the native's sufferings have been experienced, in connection with
love affairs, marriage, partnerships, and income. Libra ruling
the second with the Sun therein and being a cardinal sign, I should
infer that the income (or lack of it) has been the most prolific source
a (ruled by of trouble and mental unrest to the native, also to a certain extent
S^Joncuspof re''S'0US matters' and all things connected with the " higher mind,"
9tb house such as science, philosophy, poetry and the imagination generally.
We learn that the native is married, but it can hardly be that in his
younger days he did not undergo many severe disappointments in
Joijt. Jin connection with the affections', as well as business partnerships,'
S'h* ^ □n^er collaboration and allied modes of association for mutual benefit;—
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. Q 69
some " witch's head " must have seemed to dog his fortunes in this
particular.
In character, the native is such as I have tried to outline; in Q^ D
up Asc.
disposition he is kindly and approbative', keenly desirous of public life
in some form, not ostentatiously so' but quite content with desk work,
so that it be for the public0. A hard worker, keen and incisive, not to « jh. □ j
say somewhat destructive, in criticism, interested in matters of health» ^
sanitation, morals and reform generally'. For such causes he works
, . Ruler in 3rd
chiefly with his mind, and probably, being Virgo, with his pen0*
Whether literature or journalism claims him it is hard to decide'
Libra says literature, Virgo journalism, and Capricorn practical
politics. Hence I give the casting vote to journalism0, as being most
in accord with this triad of tendencies, and to newspaper0 rather than
magazine work on account of the Capricorn influence referred to.
The affliction between Jupiter and Mercury points to errors of
judgment, and being in fixed signs these I judge have on occasion and 7th in □
been of a marked character. Our native is of a sweet disposition,
but he can be obstinate" ! From the same aspect I judge the parents
were not on the most affectionate terms and that there is some want
of sympathy between the native and his own partner; also, that his
domestic interests conflict in a very notable way with his business
prospects. He is a good deal hampered in many respects0, and is
capable of more and better things than he has as yet been able to
accomplish, despite his energetic endeavours.
The prominence of the quincunx (150°) aspect is a most remark-
able feature of this map, and I hope if the native is acquainted with
Astrology he will tell us something of the part these aspects have
played in his life. Personally I regard the 7^ aspect as of the nature
of the mutable signs, dubitative, hesitant"5,—resolvent and discutient,
as a medico would say.
Up to a certain age the native was, I judge, the slave of his mind Ruler 3rd
almost entirely, but a love affair cured him of that and since then he f^d jth^
has been prepared to recognise that wisdom is greater than knowledge
and is " of Mind and Love the child." Indeed, there js a strong
internal strain of mysticism"5 which the native does his best to " keep ip setting
down." He may as well let it have its head, it will do him no harm 9 1,10 "*
Exhausted space now cries " Mark time ! " and I must prepare
to halt. I hope I have said nothing to annoy, or distress the native's
70 MODERN ASTROLOGY

feelings in any way. I have tried to be plain and to avoid beating

about the bush, and limited space has perhaps made me rather
abrupt.
Having read this delineation through again, I feel I shall sign it
quite appropriately if I choose the pseudonym
Mutable.

ADJUDICATION

When the Sub-Editor proposed to me that I should submit my

horoscope" for competition, I hesitated a good deal, for many reasons.
However, curiosity, coupled with a desire to benefit the cause of our
science, at length compelled me to acquiesce, and of course I felt
proud oi the honour of having been selected. But alas, 1 little
guessed what the adjudication would entail! Eleven readings, of
which ten are good, and of those ten at least half-a-dozen so good
that it was difficult to apportion the best! However, a friend (not a
relative) who knows me well looked through the efforts carefully, and
he is mainly responsible for the selection that has been made. I
quite agree with him as to who is best, but for'second and third best
it seems to me touch-and-go; so I have cat the gordian knot by
taking his word for it. Of the eleven delineations that of Gueido is
hopelessly astray, and I regret this all the more because he has dealt
so very kindly with me and promised so glorious a future. Still,
justice has to be done, and accordingly Tyro is named for first place,
Cor ne Edito for second, and Satumian for third. To set out the rest
in their order would be an almost hopeless task, as on the whole there
is a remarkable equality.
It may interest competitors and others if I give here a brief and
I believe accurate outline for comparison with their respective efforts.
First, however, let me clear the ground by saying that I am in no way
identical with the brilliant writer of the same name on the Harmsworth
staff. I have the honour and pleasure of his acquaintance, but I do
not know that there is even the remotest relationship. My forbears
are English, with a French strain and a strong dash of Welsh. My
father was educated for the Baptist ministry. His career at Glasgow
University was spoilt by a breakdown, the result of over-study. He
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. Q 71
had charge of a well-known church at Aberdeen [see Dr. Robertson
Nicoll's Life of James McDonnell], and in that city I was born in i860.
Soon after, my father relinquished the ministry for journalism, which
was doubtless his right sphere, and became associated with the Dun-
dee Advertiser and afterwards the Bradford (now Yorkshire) Observer,
finally removing to Llanelly, Carmarthenshire, as editor and part
proprietor of a Liberal paper there. I was intended for medicine, but
on my father's death in 1876 took up newspaper work, with which I
have been connected ever since. I married in 1888 (have no children)
and removed to Cardiff in 1892, where I am still resident. Out of
journalism I have had some interest in antiquarian matters, but
principally in astronomy, which has been my hobby for thirty years.
1 have written and spoken much upon the subject and was mainly
instrumental in the establishment of the Astronomical Society ttf
Wales. A couple of years ago I met in London a very clever
amateur astrologer, and have since been profoundly interested in that
branch of knowledge, which is to me a perpetual source of wonder
and delight.
In appearance I am short, slight, pale, with brown eyes and hair
that mas dark brown. I am not physically strong but possess an
excellent constitution, and have never (thank God) had a really
serious illness in my life, nor anythingapproachinga serious accident.
I am very lacking in physical courage and bear pain badly. I
am very nervous, irritable, restless, shy and self-conscious. Very
active, always " at something," mostly busy with my pen. Not over
fond of money nor perpetually " on the make." Anxious to " live and
let live." Fond of peace, quietness and seclusion ; a man of few real
friends, and regarded by others often as a crank. Fond of art and
passionately fond of music, but with no technical knowledge of either-
Fond of science, but with no mathematical or metaphysical ability.
Not particularly fond of children. Very romantic and very partial to
the opposite sex. Fond of machinery ; and travel, especially railway
travel. Loving the grand and sublime and in a way the morbid. A
love of poetry, with a gift in that direction. A fierce hater of wrong
and injustice, who will champion a weak or misunderstood cause to
the last gasp, regardless of Mrs. Grundy or any of her connections.
Very subtle and fickle and rather changeable. Jealous, critical. Easily
angered, but easily appeased. A hater of cant and snobbery; in
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

religion inclined to scepticism (although now a member of the Roman

Catholic Church!) Profoundly convinced of the existence of a
spiritual world, and very interested in " occult " matters, though not a
practical investigator—except where Astrology is concerned. More
fluent with pen than tongue, though liable to make enemies by the
exercise of both. Impatient of delay and restraint, and anxious to
" get there " at once.
The above may be taken as my salient points and they may all
(I think) be found in the delineations that have come to hand. The
competitors have, however, "been to my faults a little blind," nor
have I pretended to deal fully with seventh house matters, an attitude
approved by our Editor in an earlier number of this magazine. In the
four delineations published I have placed a ' where the statements are
accurate, 0 where they are strikingly so, and " where they are wrong.
The inaccuracies, as a whole, are not particularly noticeable. I
mention one or two specially here. I have not had frequent breaks-
down in health, nor suffered from rheumatism, nor from coma; am
not tall or big-boned ; do not make a profession or business of
anything occult; did not go in for art; have no mathematical ability,
no business ability, no leanings to speculation, no government post, no
connection with theatres, no surprising instances of luck, no ability
for controlling others, no mesmeric or healing powers that I am aware
of, no love of sport or sports, no monetary flow from a mysterious
source (I am interested in this !), no power of mental concentration —
my memory is a terror ! I hate taking medicine, have a strong sense of
humour, and not the remotest idea of becoming a recluse. Of course,
as one's horoscope covers the whole life some of the points mentioned
may yet be fulfilled, as according to one competitor I may live till
68, which gives Fate another 20 years to trifle with her humble
servant.
As a student of Astrology I note that competitors are not always
consistent in their view of the positions and aspects. For instance,
some give Saturn in the ascendant, others Venus in the twelfth
house, though her longitude is greater than Saturn's. Others give
both as in opposition to Neptune. Some give Uranus in the ninth,
others in the M.C. Jupiter is usually given as eleventh house, though
he has some claim to the twelfth. Other points might be named ; and
I should like some competent opinion on this vexed question of
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. g 73
" orbs." I note with interest that one or two competitors hardly use
the houses at all in aiming at their judgments. Finally, I note that
most follow (naturally) the model of one master; but I should like to
have seen other systems tried, and in the " directions "a chance given
to the Placidian method. On the whole I am happy to pronounce
the competition a remarkably successful one, which is a matter of no
surprise to one who believes in Astrology, though it may present
difficulties to sceptics who see nothing in these judgments but
credulity, imposture and coincidence.
Arthur Mhe.
"Tremynfa," Llanishen, Cardiff.
1908/11/08

In comment upon the suggestion that Placidian directions should

be tried, it may be pointed out that it is hardly a practice we
can recommend to competitors—for this reason : Although every
effort is made to obtain subjects whose birth-times are accurately
known, it does not follow that they are known with absolute precision,
and as Mr. Mee is well aware, unless the birth-time is correct to
within less than /our Minnies all Placidian directions would run the
risk of being at least a year (and perhaps more) wrong. Mr. Mee's
own horoscope having doubtless been rectified [Nc.— A. M.], he has
probably overlooked this important consideration, and will forgive us
for reminding him of it.
Our readers will be pleased to hear that he has promised to give
us an account of the way in which he was first induced to study
astrology. Of the able and courageous manner in which he has since
championed the science, on every possible occasion, they will hardly
need to be assured, having in memory the recent discussion in the
English Mechanic of which a good portion was reproduced in our issue
for May last year, and to which his brochure directly led.
As some of us know, it takes a good deal to convince an astrono-
mer of the truth of astrology, and therefore we shall all look forward
to Mr. Mee'sarticle with keen interest.
Prize Competition No. 11, we may remind competitors, closes
on March 31st.
We are glad to see an increasing number of new names among
74 MODERN ASTROLOGY
the entries each month. But we should like to see still more. For
it is quite evident that there are even yet some who hold back, from
what is surely a quite 'unnecessary diffidence; we note the absence
of several whom we know to be capable of doing sufficiently good
work to entitle them to the prize; and there must be many more
equally capable of whose work we have never had an opportunity of
judging. Surely they will need no further urging, but will hasten to
take advantage of such an opportunity for developing and exercising
their powers ?
But we hope they will read the instructions on page 42: some
have evidently not done this.
This, by the way, reminds us that a few competitors seem to have
a mistaken notion of the intention of these Competitions. What is
wanted is a good judgment of the character and temperament, the
mental abilities, personal idiosyncrasies, etc., of the native ;—in short,
a delineation of the horoscope as it stands, with no more in the way of
" events " than can be gleaned from an inspection of the map itself.
" Directions " founded upon the progressed horoscope, or remarks
upon the epoch figure, are not asked for. The delineator is not even
supposed to be in possession of an ephemeris for the year of birth.
And therefore those who go beyond this obvious intention run the risk
of disqualifying themselves altogether.—Verbum sap.
Attention may here be drawn to " Rehua's " letter on p. 95, and
the remarks appended to it.

In England, the effect upon the weather of the opposition of Saturn and
the Sun on September 30th was completely overcome by the Sun's parallel
with Mars on the next day; and instead of cold weather, which usually
accompanies Saturn's aspects, there was a beat-wave that constituted a
record for twenty-two years. On referring to the quarterly map for the
autumnal equinox, it will be seen that Mars was elevated near the cusp of
the mid-heaven, and that the Sun was in the same house, while Saturn was
in the fourth. The aspects of the Sun to Mars, therefore, bad more power
than those of Saturn in these latitudes.
While playing at golf on the morning of September 30th, 1908, the Rt.
Hon. A. J. Balfour was struck on the bead by a ball. A reference to the
ephemeris will show that Mars was then passing through the twenty-fourth
degree of Virgo, and was therefore on the cusp of the ascendant of the
horoscope of Mr. Balfour that was published in this magazine in September,
1902. The ascendant, of course, governs the head.
 75

®ljf JFounbations of ^tjgstcal ^strologjj

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city lieth foursquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the West three gates. And the wall
of the city had twelve foundations. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
. . . And he measnred'the wall thereoj . . . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . . like unto clear glass. . . , the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev. Xxi. 13-18.

Part III.—The Attractive Force between Bodies is not due

to their Masses alone, but is affected by the Media
THROUGH WHICH THE FORCE IS ACTING

There is a factor which frequently enters into electrical equa>

tions, which is called the " specific inductive capacity" and is
represented by the symbol K. This specific inductive capacity is the
reciprocal of the etheric pressure k, so that we have

jr = 1 om
and [117) then becomes
F = :6 ni K (119)
Equation [119) shows the accelerative force F which bodies
exert upon each other to be due to two factors, the mass m and the
inductive capacity K. This constitutes another link between our
theory and the science of electricity for it is found that the force
exerted by a quantity of electricity j does not depend upon q alone
but also upon the specific inductive capacity/T.
Now this inductive capacity K is not a property of the body
having the charge q, but is a property of the etheric medium through
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
•which the force is exerted. Similarly in equation (119) K is not a
property of m but a property of the etheric medium.
The attractive force therefore between bodies is not due to the
masses alone but is affected by the media through which the force is
acting.*
For instance, the electrical mass of the Sun is only about 109
times that of the earth, whilst his attractive force is 332,000 times
greater. This increased attractive force, over and above the electrical
mass, is due to the fact that the specific inductive capacity of the
etheric medium surrounding the Sun, is about 3,000 times as great
as in the medium surrounding the earth. It was Prof. Riicker who
showed (Philosophical Magazine, February, 1889) that in electrical
phenomena the properties of the medium have to be taken into
account, and this is now done in all modern text-books. The fact
that the electromagnetic theory leads us to the same result with
regard to the accelerative forces of the planets, is therefore another
important link between Astrology and electricity, and it will thus be
seen that these two sciences become more and more intimately
connected.
These results will be seen to follow from our rejection of an un-
proved scientific assumption ; viz., the assumption that G] is constant
for all members of our solar system. By making this variable, as
expressed by equation (104), we obtain three very important results,
which are as follows:
1st. The electrical masses of the heavenly bodies are much more
nearly of the same order of magnitude than the supposed astronomical
masses.
and. The electrical masses are proportionate to the electrical capacities.
3rd. The accelerative forces exerted by the heavenly bodies upon
each other depend not only on the masses but also on the properties of the
intervening etheric medium.
(145) Referring now to our fundamental equation for the
electrostatic charge q as given in equation (2) § (6)

'■1
it is necessary to show that in this fundamental equation we may

* This scientific fact forms an interesting commentary upon the analogous

phenomenon observed in ordinary life, namely that two people may be attracted
to one another mentally, but repelled astrally or physically, and vice vend. In
either case the attraction or repulsion is a real force, be it noted.—Ed.
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 77
change the astronomical mass M into the electrical mass m, and the
constant into the variable G, without affecting the value of the
accelerative force F. That this is so can be shown as follows. If the
electrostatic charge
? =g (m
then since from {116)
G' =
16
we have
hi
G = — (727)
4 TT
and hence
? = m x or m
IT ' ? = 4 y (,22)
From {118) the specific inductive capacity
=1
k
so that
A"' = i (tZJ)

And from {122) and {123) we obtain

? = 4 IT m A* (T24)
(146) If 9, and q, be the electrostatic charges on two bodies-
whose electrical masses are m1 and mj, and the distance between them
d, then from equation (68) in our second article we have for the
acceleration between them

J4=?^S or, er?, = (125)

Since from equation (93)

Ad* = F
equation (125) becomes
?i?J = F (126)
If then from (120) we have
?1 =^ and ?3 = (127)
75 MODERN ASTROLOGY

then (assuming, for simplicity, that G is the same for both m, and Mi)
we have, from (724) and (726),
ti ft = F — 4 '"I K* * 4 ir m-i K1 or ?, = 16 T* ih, m., K =F [{28)
In measuring the acceleration F of one body m, we use a mass
■of one gramme for the second body upon which the force F is exerted;
so that for the force exerted by a single body m upon the mass of one
gramme we make in (728) »« = ;«! and w3=i, so that this becomes
h It *= F = r6 m K (729
and this gives us the same result for the acceleration between ql and
jj, as is given in equation (779), namely
F = IS in m K
This proves our point, which is, that to obtain the electrostatic
■charge (7 we may use, instead of the astronomical mass M and th«
constant Gj, the electrical mass m and the variable G. Hence in
place of equation (2), viz.,
M
1 ~ G*
we shall in future write
9 = '<= V30)
(To be continutd)

Problems of Heredity.—Some ol the problems of heredity and

•disease formed the subject of Dr. J. A. Ormerod's Harveian Oration yesterday
before the President, Sir Douglas Powell, and Fellows of the Royal College
of Physicians. Ever since 1656, he said, those orations had, with few intervals,
been delivered by a long line of distinguished physicians, and there could be
little left to say of Harvey or his work. He, however, bade orators exhort
the fellows and members of the College to search out and study the secrets
of nature by way of experiment, and he meant to emphasise the importance
of research by experiment and individual observation. Harvey pondered
on heredity, and reference to it was not, therefore, outside the scope of the
-oration. First came the old question, Were acquired characters transmissible?
Till recently the answer would have been in the affirmative, but it was now
seen to be incompatible with Weissmaun's theory. That theory was based
on the continuity of the germ plasm, which was not manufactured afresh
within the individuals of each generation, but was handed on from genera-
tion to generation. Men were not links in a chain of life, but rather flowers
and leaves which sprang from a common stem, the germ plasm. So that a
man was not strictly his son's father, but his elder brother, nor he his
father's son, but his younger brother. The real father was the family germ
plasm. The reason for the resemblance of successive generations was that
they were all formed out of the same stuff, to the design of the same
.architect.—Daily Telegraph, 2o/io/'o8.
 79

Stj( Signs of ttj( Zobiac ^.nalgsei

By Isabelle M. Pagan

[Anthor's Copyright]

SAGITTARIUS

(Continued from p. 15)

The same frankness and outspoken sincerity which characterises

the many friendships of this type, and adds so much to their value, is
also to be found in connection with its love affairs. But in that field
of activity there is generally more chance of breeziness blowing up
the clouds than of its dispelling them. The man who prefaces his
proposal by an honest admission that he has loved before, or explains
clearly and logically exactly why he has been led to take this step,
and what makes him think it may prove advantageous to him in the
long run, may possibly find favour with a woman who has learnt by
bitter experience just how little the typical lover's sigh may prove
worth; but he will make small speed in the wooing of the average
romantic young girl. What leads the Sagittarian wooer into blunders
of this kind is a misunderstanding of his own type. He ought to
choose his wife on the mental plane; i.e., putting mental response and
mutual understanding first; though without ignoring questions of
temperament, character and outlook, which are always o f enormous
importance. Instead, he is very apt to choose by logic alone, and to
argue himself into a condition in which he is ready to decide for or
against the momentous step without fully comprehending what he is
doing. A girl may be everything that can he reasonably demanded—
healthy and handsome and capable, and clever with her fingers;
unstained in reputation, extremely popular, suitably endowed with
this world's goods—without being gifted with a single quality of heart
or mind that will make a suitable mate for him ; and yet in a great
many cases the youthful son of Jupiter will go light-heartedly forward,
beginning as a rule with a so-called friendship which is merely a
8o MODERN ASTROLOGY
thinly disguised flirtation, and too often ending in a precipitate
engagement which he finds it impossible to fulfil; for this is the type
of man that absolutely refuses to go to the altar with a lie on his lips,
and tie himself to what he feels to be impossible conditions. In
consequence, broken engagements, with all the accompanying pain
and humiliation and loss of self-respect, are not uncommon among the
sons of Jupiter. The more fortunate escape with a refusal, which
serves the same purpose of pulling them up and making them think;
and either experience, taken the right way, may be a blessing in dis-
guise ; but primitive specimens are apt to take such blows badly,
and develop a touch of cynicism, for they have little or no idealism
to help them along, and romance too often dies early in consequence.
" Once bitten, twice shy "; and our sportsman developes a self-
protective prudence and caution to a rather unlovely extent—shuns
the innocent-hearted inginiu, and hovers around the married women,
or seeks the society of his seniors, who are capable of giving his some-
what precocious mind the companionship for which it craves, and
who are less likely to be misled by his manner and mode of address.
Not infrequently a friendship formed in this way ends in matrimonial
felicity, but there is a danger that this inclination to dominate the
emotions and be guided by common-sense may produce a tendency to
evade the possibility of matrimony altogether, and the Sagittarian
may end as a bachelor, an experience always to be regretted in his
case, for his nature demands emotional exercise to complete it, and
will never blossom and bear fruit as it might, if shorn of the glory of
fatherhood. If, on the other hand, he succeeds in finding his true mate
—a woman who really understands, loves and trusts him—his whole,
nature expands, be reaches his highest possibilities, and makes an
enthusiastic and very devoted husband, proud of his wife and of all
her achievements, grateful for her affection, and very quick to make,
allowance for shortcomings due to physical infirmity or fatigue.
He mates best with his own wideawake type, or with the:
daughters of Aries, whose energies he likes to dominate and direct.
But the other fiery sign, Leo, is also capable of yielding him a suit-
able partner, and its characteristic qualities of faith, tolerance and
magnanimity are sometimes extremely necessary. The sons of Jupiter
demand freedom in their choice of companions—of both sexes—as in,
all other fields; and the jealous, mistrustful wife, of narrow sympa-
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED 8r

thies, who fancies that she can have her Sagittarian husband "all to
herself" by shutting him off from exchange of ideas with anyone else,
will have a very poor time of it. He may shrug his shoulders and
submit to her whims, for he is eminently practical as regards conduct,
and always inclined to make the best of any situation his own blunders
have brought him into; but his thunderbolts of sarcasm will be hurled
with increasing frequency, and the marriage, though outwardly
decorous, will be no true union, but merely an ill-assorted partnership
on the physical plane.
The women of this type run the same dangers as the men, and
their bright frank ways with the opposite sex are very often miscon-
strued—friendship being mistaken for love, and love for friendship by
a mystified mankind, which looks for, and very often prefers, uncer-
tainty and evasiveness in a woman. When a tragedy of misunder-
standing has occurred, pride generally comes to the rescue, and the
heart-ache is carried off with a laugh and a brave front; or possibly
by such a divertingly burlesque account of the whole affair as leaves
the listeners with an impression that it was all a joke from beginning
to end—an impression they are usually quite ready to spread by
announcing that "she never really cared for him at all"; which
naturally puts an end to any prospect of matters straightening them-
selves out happily. After such an experience the Sagittarian maiden,
like her brother, cultivates self-control, and finds great difficulty in
letting herself go beyond the safe limits of a pleasant friendship with
just a spice of flirtation to flavour it, so may easily acquire a reputa-
tion as a shallow-hearted coquette, unable to take either herself or
anybody else seriously. This state of affairs frequently leads to
spinsterhood, and to the consequent loss of many beautiful opportunities
of development; but there is no fear of her degenerating into the sour
or embittered type of old maid.
At the primitive stage the Sagittarian tendencies naturally take a
more accentuated and less desirable form. Matrimony is frankly
decried by both sexes as an intolerable burden, a tie and a bofe. The
men safeguard their personal liberty by cultivating a blunt and boorish
discourtesy with women who are their equals, and only permit them-
selves to relax into easy-going familiarity with those that no one can
expect them to marry. The women otten allow their breezy unconven-
tionality to degenerate into casual, and careless, and free-and-easy
 MODERN ASTROLOGV
ways with men, openly admitting that they " prefer twenty shillings to
one sovereign," and, especially if they have an inclination for sport,
imitating the tricks and manners of their male comrades and chums,
in gait and speech and forcible phrase. Both sexes at this stage tend
to become inherently selfish and inconsiderate, in spite of a certain rough
kindliness of manner; because this is a type which lives in the present
and is consequently apt to lack loyalty and sympathy—qualities which
demand memory of the past for their development. They rarely allow
their emotions to carry them away, and are seldom inclined to be
vicious, though their unconventional disregard of public opinion may
make them fit subjects for scandal-mongers' tales; for they are care-
less of reputation, both for themselves and others, to an extent that
argues a real want of consideration, and, as far as the men are con-
cerned, a total lack of chivalry. This last failing is due to the fact
that although they usually hold strong views—based on the dictates
of reason—on the essential difference between the sexes, and are even
inclined to dogmatise on the subject, they are nevertheless generally
able to see that a woman may be different from a man without being
his inferior ; and when that point is reached a crude logic sometimes
suggests that since she is his equal she can surely fend for herself and
fight for her own hand. Women who do so successfully very often
win Sagittarian respect, while the more appealing and helpless and
emotional types merely irritate and annoy.
Ancient astrologers tell us that the faults of this type are " such
as are easily pardoned." And this is just as well; for they certainly
tend to come to the surface, and are very easily seen. There is, in
fact, a curiously child-like transparency about thesepeople—probably
due to the absence of complex emotions, such as jealousy or vindictive-
ness—which makes them very easy to understand, and ensures speedy
detection if they attempt to go off their own straightforward line and
dabble in deceit. Sagittarian theft is invariably exposed, and the
comparatively harmless fibs in which many of this type indulge when
convenient are rarely believed, even for five minutes. They cannot
lie or cheat successfully ; and will do wisely, even from the low
standpoint of immediate self-interest, never to make the attempt.

(To be continued)
 ®be Sultan's parliament

On July 26th last, the Sultan of Turkey published an irade

granting a constitution and a parliament to his country. This he had
been forced to do on account of the revolutionary movement that had
been making headway for some time. The Sultan's date of birth
was 2i/9/'42, the hour being unknown. An estimate horoscope for
10.42 a.m. was published by Sepharial showing the twenty-sixth degree
of Scorpio rising. If this is approximately correct, it is a very strong
map, for the Sun and Mars are both elevated, the latter as lord of
the ascendant; and although there are some very cross aspects, such
as the opposition of the Sun to Uranus and of the Moon to Mercury,
yet it is evident that such a horoscope indicates a ruler well able to
hold his own and against whom a democracy would not easily prevail.
He has been under some very evil directions and transits lately,
sufficiently evil indeed to have killed anyone with a weaker horo-
scope than he must have, whether this be the correct one or not. His
progressed Sun is only three degrees separated from the square of
Mars ; the last conjunction of Mars and Saturn in Pisces (December,
1907) fell in opposition to his Sun ; and the eclipse of the Sun of June
28th, 1908, although slight, fell in opposition to his Saturn in
Capricorn. His progressed Moon is now going through Virgo in the
mid-heaven, showing momentous national changes, but the position is
in the main a strong one, and it does not meet the conjunction of the
Sun and the opposition of Uranus until 1909, when he will also snfier
from the transit of Saturn over the place of his Moon in the middle of
Aries (April-May). This will bean unfortunate period for him and
he is likely to suffer in his domestic relations as well as through inter-
nal political disturbances ; but he will probably gain the masterj' as
he often has before, for Jupiter will transit his Sun in Virgo in 1909.
The eleventh house is usually held to govern Parliament in national
astrology; in this case Mercury is in Libra in the eleventh house,
ruling the eighth and tenth, and it is in opposition to the Moon, in
square to Saturn in the second in Capricorn, and in semi-square to
Mars. Great changes may well come about under such influences as
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

these, but they indicate unrest, turbulence, instability, unscrupulous-

ness and bloodshed. In about two years the progressed Moon will
pass over this Mercury, when further great changes are likely to take
place. The following are the positions in the estimate horoscope as
given by Sepharial:
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
8n|!40 ^10 1115 25111.18 26; 5=2
D Q 5 1 '2 >} <V W
15T16 01514 271556 18^36 1311144 7H54 I31'34 16—58 2OK16
The progressed positions at age 66 (September 21st, 1908), are ;
D <r 9 0?'? 1/V141
161547 10^58 16111,47 3/44 4 VI28 I2V3I 21V322 16x44 24K27
H. S. Green.

®ll« Winter (Quarter

The Sun enters the tropical sign Capricorn on December 22nd,

1908, at 5.34 a.m. at London, when the following positions will
obtain : [NoU.—This article was written in November.—Ed.]
Houses
X. XI. XII. II. m.
1523.20 ^22 VJ 2 isrrq
Planets
<2 2t s ? ]) 90iil
T3.36 21116.8^ 1514.25 14,17.29 11129.16 /13.50 / 28.54 Wo.o Vji6.i
Venus is rising in the end of Scorpio, applying to the trine of
Saturn in the fourth house, but the Sun is on the cusp of the second
in square to Saturn. As Venus rules the seventh and eleventh houses,
foreign affairs and matters in Parliament should both proceed more
smoothly, and the scheme of old age pensions will begin under fairly
good auspices. The trine of Uranus in the second to Jupiter in the
ninth benefits foreign trade and shipping, the national services, and
banking ; but the square of the Sun to Saturn shows heavy expendi-
ture of money on the part of the nation, and some difficulty in
making receipts balance expenditure. As Saturn is also lord of the
 THE WINTER QUARTER
second house and, like the Sun, is afflicted by Mars from the twelfth
house, some serious cases of fraud and robbery will be beard of,
probably some heavy bankruptcy, loss through speculation and
fluctuation of securities. The position of Mercury is not good, being
lord of the tenth and part lord of the seventh and afflicted by Saturn
and Mars, which indicates many undercurrents in international politics
directed against our interests, financially and otherwise, as well as
the probable failure of some Government measure or undertaking;
but much of this may never attract public notice, and in any case
the positions of Venus and Jupiter should pull the nation and the
Government through their difficulties for the time being. The
good aspects between Uranus, Mars, and Jupiter show success through
new financial undertakings. The weather is likely to be cold. There
will be danger from collapse of buildings and accidents in mines;
also burglaries, incendiarism and mysterious murder. Uranus and
Neptune are once again near an opposition, causing trouble between
rulers and ruled, employers and employed; unrest in India; and
misfortune through psychical and similar matters signified by them.
H. S. G.

WHAT WAS THE CAUSE OF DEATH ?

(See pp. 377, 491, Vol. IV.)
We are sorry that owing to some letters getting misplaced the announce-
ment of the result of the offer on p. 491 above referred to should have been
delayed so long.
The decision of the adjudicator "F. B. G." is that the demonstration
of "Uranus "is the best received, and a copy of Practical Astrology has
accordingly been forwarded to the sender, Miss Freany Parakh, "The Folly,"
Signal Pagoda Road, Rangoon, Burma. Her] statement of the astrological
cause of death being due to broncho-pneumonia, is as follows : (female child,
bom at Blackburn, x4/2/'07, 6 p.m., died March 17th) :—
" 1st Decanate, ng rises—a common sign. Ruler 5 in K in 6th—also
common sign—in house of illness, showing at once a liability to lung disease,
consumption, etc.
" b ruler of 6th in K, sign of lung troubles ; lj in 7th afflicting a lumi-
nary, j, also in K: and J in f, a common sign, afflicting b in —
another testimony.
" Again, If, ruler of 8th in watery sign s, whose dispositor J) is afflicted
in opposition to $ in Vf, ruler of 10th house, is also a bad testimony, showing
death from cold near lungs, or broncho-pneumonia; J in 4th afflicting j)
and lp in K is fatal, especially as 0 is □ M.C. /. ty, Q*?-
"A fixed sign on the 6th house shows chronic troubles, which end in
death owing to the affliction of luminaries by all the malefics. The ruler
5 in 6th in F afflicted by lp and the latter being ruler of 6th and in F
shows decidedly the cause of death."
 86

planets and ^igna versus $ound and (Colour.

Query. Dr. A. Marques: Having just read in an old number of Mercury

your excellent article on " Reincarnation," and the diagram therein of
Builders or Creators, I wish you to kindly inform me as to the relation of
the musical scale and the colours of the spectrum to the signs of the Zodiac ?
Which note and which colour correspond to Aries and to Pisces ?—A. B. W.
November -jlh, 1907.
Answer. Revd. A. B. W.—The question submitted in your favour of
November 7th relates to one of the most mysterious as well as difficult
portions of the study of the laws governing correspondences, and one about
which the Esoteric and Exoteric teachings differ widely, as I will show.
The attribution of the seven planets,—these ultimately " ruling " or
colouring the twelve signs of the Zodiac,—to the musical scale and to colours
is a matter over which mystics and astrologers'do not agree, while ordinary
science, although admitting of an analogy between sound and colour, has so
far been unable to establish a satisfactory correspondence between the two.
I shall therefore have to examine the points separately.
(a) Concerning the correspondence between planets and sound, which
was a matter of speculation to the ancients so far back as Pythagoras, the
Greek writer, George Pachymene (XIIItb century), echoing earlier authors,
gave two versions :
Saturn i? = La or Si; J upiter u = Sol or Do; Mars <f « Fa or Re; Sun 0
= Mi; Venus 3 = Re or Fa; Mercury 5 = Do or Sol: Moon 5 = Si or La
One being a descending scale starting from La, the other an ascending one
starting from Si, while the old English author, Robert Fludd, begun the
scale on Do, which he gave to p, R6 to $ , Mi to ? , Fa to ©, Sol to <?, La
to If, and Si to I?.
(b) Concerning planets and colours, a modern mystic, Agar Zariel, in
Modern Astrology (1897) gave out ©, orange-gold; p, green; 5, violet;
2, yellow; J1, red; If, purple-indigo; I?, sky-blue or black; while the
Hindu Brtfaitsays: ©, copper colour; p, white ; 5, violet; 2, mixed;
<?, red; If, yellow ; and I?, black; the only point of agreement being 3, red.
Other authors differ still more, but let it be said here that one reason for
discrepancies may have been that some authors were confusing the colours
of the planets themselves with those they rule or produce in terrestrial or
zodiacal attributions.
 SOUND AND COLOUR
(c) Kow coming to the mere agreement or correspondence between
tound and colour, the old Father Castel, in bis colour harpsichord, made the
following scale: Do = blue ; Do# = sea-green ; R6 = green ; R# = green-
gold ; Mi = yellow ; Fa = orange ; Fa# = orange-red; Sol = red; Sol# =
crimson; La = red-violet; La# = violet; Si = blue-violet; octave Do =
pale blue, etc. Mr. Harold Wilson, in Arena, gave two forms; C = red;
D = orange or green; E = yellow ; F =: green or orange ; G = blue or
violet; A = Indigo ; B = violet or blue, the only agreement with Castel
being E = yellow. A French mystic, Bailly, studying the matter from the
point of view of the number of vibration and of place and distances, gave
Do to O and $ ; Si b£moI (B flat) to 9 ; Mit) to ^; La b6mol (A flat) to if.;
Sol to 1; and SiQ (B natural) to J . . . .
Id) Having thus seen the discrepancies among exoteric authors, we have
to come to the Secret Doctrine (Vol. 111., pp. 451, 452, Diagram H., pp. 457,
461, 476, 478, 501, etc.) for a more concrete presentation, in which the corres-
pondences differ from all the above for many reasons, which are given;
the principal ones being that the prismatic scale we know on earth is only a
" reflection," consequently false, illusive, and that our musical scale, instead
of starting, as one might suppose, with the Sun, really starts—as all other
things do here below—from the planet of generation, Mars, red, and finishes
by our direct ancestor, J), violet, giving this concordance:
Do = rf = red ; Re ^ © = orange , Mi = ? = yellow; Fa = ^ = green;
Sol = y = blue: La = 7 = indigo; and Si = ]) = violet.*
The only remark to be made on this is that some students interchange
or transpose orange and yellow, and this discrepancy would seem to have
been of long standing, since it appears to have caused a dispute among the
Llamas of Thibet, some wearing symbolically orange, others yellow robes;
but it would seem safer to adopt the Secret Doctrine's adaptation, because
orange, worn over the head, is known to be the best preservative against
sunstroke, in application of the homoeopathic law: similia sitnilibus.
(e) Coming now to the correspondence of colours aad sounds with the signs
of the Zodiac—which is the principal object of the query—none of the old
authors 1 know of seem to have treated the subject, except " Brihat Jataka,"
in which we find the rather vague attributions which follow : Aries — red;
Taurus = white; Gemini = parrot; Cancer, patali (trumpet flower); Leo
= black-white; Virgo = variegated; Libra = black; Scorpio = gold;
Sagittarius = poddy; Capricorn = white-red; Aquarius = mongoose;

* It must be remembered that in thcteachiugsof the Secret Doctrine the © which

is not a planet, is taken simply as a substitute for a missing intermercurial planet,
since really the Sun rules all colours and all sounds.
88 MODERN ASTROLOGY
Pisces = fish.* However, if we accept as correct the above table of Plane
tary colours and sounds from the Secret Doctrine (Diagram II.), and if we
apply to it the law of Planetary Day and Night Houses, in which 0 rules SL
alone, being positive only, and J rules SB, being negative only, while the
other planets, being hermaphrodites, as the Hindus call them, rule two signs
each, we obtain the following table :
Leo A corresponds to Mi and to the orange of O
Cancer Si ,, dark violet of ])
Aries Do
Scorpio Do# dark|reds0f J
Virgo
Gemini " f4 ugh*(yellowsof
J Taurus .. Laj.
1 Libra a- Hght}indigosof
Capricorn n -•' ^
Fa
ti
Aquarius =; .. Fag fight ^
Sagittarius 1 .. Sol" blues f
Pisces x Solg .. dfrkl °V
Thus, if we take the Secret Doctrine for basis, the answer to your query
will be:
Aries, Do or CJ], dark red (El. Kirk says rose-pink); Pisces, Sol# or G-sharp,
dark blue (Elean0r Kirk gives emerald green).
But it is open to question whether the basic notes and colours of the
signs, taken from their ruling planets as above, may not get modified when
these are temporarily occupied by other planets.
A. Marbubs.

Another Musical Prodigv,—Georg Szell, the child composer, who at

the age of n has a marvellous pianoforte technique and is the author of 300
compositions, was born at Budapest, y/fi/'qy. He has Saturn and Uranus in
close conjunction, with Mercury opposite. The Sun is near Neptune, and
the Moon near Jupiter, trine Venus. At present the Moon has progressed
to the trine of the radical Sun, and is near the Node and the opposition of
Mars. It seems as though bis 24th and zfitb years would be important, as
several planets will be in aspect, near the ends of their respective signs. The
following are the positions at noon, G.M.T.:—
0 D ? ? <r 3# •? W VO
1116.56 157.3 »26.45 «6.i2 A 11.31 152.47 1126.31). 1126.131^ n 19.52 =8.48

* Some modem writers have given out the following arrangement which seems
entirely fanciful and without any apparent guiding law : t white; a red: n red-
white ; ss green and brown-red; A red-green ; 15 black speckled with blue; ^
black, crimson and tawny ; 11 brown ; / yellow-green; M black or dark brown;
=; sky-blue; x white.
 Sg

letters to tije (Ebitor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that a/l communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (2I that planetary positions, as
well as birth data, should always be given where possible: and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

To Fail, or Not to Fail,—that is the Question

Dear Sir,
As my apology for writing to you, I give my perusal,
monthly, of your Journal, Modern Astrology. I was struck par-
ticularly by the account of a builder who wrote you on the question
of winding up his affairs. And according to your advice, he made
the best of a bad job.
Well, personally I am almost in a similar position. I have been
working against adverse conditions for some three years, both in
health and business. But business, while not being actually bad, has
been elusive ; matters that seemed promising have turned indifferently
and matters indifferent have proved a loss; this particularly in the
building and land line (although in my Horoscope land and building
transactions were said to be the most fortnnate phases to follow),
while the various ends of business matters have now apparently got
to their worst.
I have been doing my utmost to come to a final straightening up
quietly. But the properties I hold, with liabilities against them, refuse
to be sold. Prospective buyers there have been certainly—but no sales!
In the engineering line I have had one or two jobs which have kept
the supplies up for home, and I must say a few comforts as well.
The constant worry has made life so hard that although apparently
I have seemed to be in a good way, it has been a constant drag to
keep on ; all ambition would go, and at times I have neglected both
business and opportunities, either by sheer inability to cope with the
circumstances, or else it must have been and is yet—laziness.
Anyway, matters are now at such a stage I almost must do
go UODBRN ASTROLOGY
something to end the strain. And yet if I could only sell or realise
I have 20/- in the ! I would not wind up except as a very last
resort, but should like to take the line of least resistance and obtain
relief.
If you feel sufficiently interested in the case, your valuable advice
would be welcome.
The following are the particulars of my horoscope (No. 17,658):
Hooshs
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
*12.4 xg r25 1120.35 ray 023
Planets
op» ? i V k W V
X23.52 T5.6 =26.32 X9.29 4116.12^ T19.14 #17.2 013.24 T16.9
The life has been one of change and is much out of the ordinary.
Probably the fault lies in having attempted too much. And yet
various schemes and matters have been literally " pitchforked " into
one's way, and it has been difficult to avoid going into them.
The following are further details: Had always a great desire
to work, and accomplish things; not liking outward praise particu-
larly, unless sincere. As a lad was ambitious, wanting parents to
improve the conditions of home life, wanted to be an engineer, but
through lack of opportunity (lived in country and parents could not
afford sending to town) took to plumbing, and learned and did this very
well. But in this, as in nearly everything, while good or rather above
the average, I have never excelled (never seemed worth while). When
out of apprenticeship, left plumbing and went to be a policeman for
five months (through influence of uncle). I took up plumbing again
in three places during two years. Married at 21^ years ; went to
U.S.A., and while partly practising plumbing, learned engineering
and several minor trades, and for four years eight months improved
in knowledge and position at one place, during that time. Came back
to England and started as electrical engineer; then for self; did well
for two years, then went for brother's sake, as much my own, probably,
into plumbing and allied trades, buying a business. In the transac-
tion of buying the man who has caused all the loss I have spoken of
above, was brought into the transaction.
This was the beginning of business troubles. In engineering
work (electrical plants principally) I have been uniformly successful;
the success has been nullified, however, by the losses in the plumbing
work. The successes generally have come through travel, the failures
more through stay-at-home business. Much moving in home life,
seventeen times in sixteen years.
At the present time my position is quite good, but instead of
having money to pay with, deals which seemed likely to quickly
mature, are and have been the other way. If I could realise all, I
should be in a fair position after all my work and striving; although
personally I have no great wish for wealth, I have a great desire to
 LBTTERS TO THE EDITOR

be comfortable. One reason for my dissatisfaction is that I am not

getting the best out of myself as the position is now. My best energies
being thrown away over apparently needless difficulties.
Domestic affairs have had a tremendous influence on life, con-
stant quarrelling between my wife and self causing great difficulty;
t.g., in the morning some questions, generally of money, will arise,
cause discussion, often acrimonious, with the result that a devil-may-
care feeling is engendered, and the whole of the day spoiled. I do
not think that my wife and I have been to any place of amusement,
or for an outing, etc., at any time but some point has arisen and
discussion raised about it. And I can honestly say that my sole
intentions and considerations have been to give enjoyment. I have
tried every possible means to prevent a recurrence of these bickerings,
but it is seemingly impossible. Our two girls and one boy (one
boy has passed on) are gifted above the average.
To conclude : I wonder why, while apparently having the know-
ledge, I am so sensitive to every vibration ; why I have to suffer
needless pain in this mundane world at this time ; why so far-seeing,
and yet so blind where material interests are concerned ? Mine seems
to be an organism out of place,—Venus feelings in the highest brought
down by Mars, love of consummation, only to turn into Dead Sea
fruit!
Since November last to about May I have been literally robbed
by two men—partly by sheer inanition, or incapacity on my part to
stop it. And even now if I could only get from two men what they
owe me I could fairly easily get straight.
I have it is true met some good friends, most of them decent in a
negative sort of way—because it would no doubt be best to be decent,
etc. But I will now close the account of my woes and if you think
it worth the trouble to look at the case I shall be your debtor.
Yours very truly,

[This gentleman has been written to and will no doubt find a way out of
his troubles. But his letter is so interesting, with its naive little items of
self-revelation, that we have taken the liberty of publishing it.—En.)

The Planet Neptune

Dear Sir,
I am sending you a few notes regarding the planet
Neptune. I have spent much time in a study of this planet, but I
believe it is only through mutual exchange of observations that students
can decide the true nature of Uranus and Neptune.
In so far as I have observed, Neptune exerts his influence princi-
pally on the spiritual and higher mental planes of our being, having
chiefly to do with that which we call soul.
On these higher planes Uranus seems to be ruler of Aquarius and
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Neptune of Pisces, while from the plane of everyday life Saturn and
Jupiter undoubtedly rule these signs.
Much has been said of Uranus, and little of Neptune when
aspecting the rulers of the mind.
I find that Neptune aspecting the rulers of the mind or on the
Ascendant produces an unpractical, romantic disposition, given to
•day-dreaming and a mystical mind readily grasping generalities but
disliking the study of minutise.
In my horoscope the Moon is in the third house, the only aspect
thereto being the trine of Neptune in Taurus from the seventh.
The first complete aspect of the Moon is trine Neptune. My marriage
occurred exactly when the Moon p. was again trine Neptune r., and
my married life has been exceptionally happy, although Saturn was
also in the seventh.
I have no aspect or position of Uranus in my nativity showing a
mystical nature. Neptune, however, is angular and aspects the ruler
of my studies. I have since childhood given much thought to the occult
side of nature, and for the last nine years 1 have been constantly en-
gaged in mystical studies whenever circumstances would permit.
When the Sun progressed to trine Neptune I became so situated
that I could devote all my time to the occult, and I resolved to devote
my life exclusively to it. The good arcs to Neptune, while not bring-
ing material fortune, but often renunciation, I believe from their
plane are benefic. To some Neptune is malefic, to many the arcs
thereto bring strange dreams, and premonitions; yet the things I hold
dearest, the greatest blessings of my life, have always come from
Neptune.
Allavah.
[The writer of the above when using the word occult apparently means
mystic. It would prove instructive to all who study the influence of Neptune
and Uranus, if the idea that Neptune governs the mystic, and Uranus the
occultist, could be kept at the back of the mind—until the time when some
definite conclusion could be arrived at regarding these terms.
There does not, for instance, appear to be anything dreamy or receptive
about the influence of Uranus, whereas all who have closely noticed the
influence of Neptune agree that it is receptive, absorbing and more allied to
soul and feeling or emotion than to mind and mental activity.
Will those who are competent to express an opinion, follow up the few
remarks of " Allayah " and state what they have actually experienced with
regard to these two still mysterious planets ?
The number of post cards received, so far, in response to the invitation
on p. 60 of the Astrologers' Annual is rather small. We trust more will be
forthcoming.—Ed.]

Hindu Cycles and Circle Ratio

Dear Sir,
The interesting calculation of r from the Hindu Cycles
can be brought closer by using the Julian year, i.e., 365J days.
 LETTEkS TO THE UDtTOR 93.

One Bralimic age 311,040,000,000,000

„ year 3,110,400,000,000
„ day,Thi 8,515,811 +
„ hour 354,920 +
„ minute 5.915 +
etc.
omitting figures which do not afTect the decimals under consideration
total 314,159,276,010.
This is a closer approximation than that made by M. Marques-
as the seventh decimal is 7 instead of 6 in the correct value.
If the year were slightly longer than the Julian, the agreement
might be exact. As a matter of fact the year is slightly shorter. This
suggests the interesting speculation that in remote ages the year was
longer by this small fraction. In other words, the action of the
supposed resisting medium has brought the earth a little nearer to-
the Sun.
If the year had a length of 365 days 17 hours then the agreement
with tt is exact to 8 places of decimals and nearly to 9. For such a
length of year the mean distance irom the Sun must have been greater
by about 120,000 miles.
In order to give the accurate value of n the length of the year
must be very nearly 365 days 17 hours 6 minutes. The exact seconds
cannot he obtained as there would still be a part over as ir is incom-
mensurable. The corresponding distance from the sun would be:
about 125,000 miles greater than now.
Yours truly,
J. W.

The Value of Test Horoscopes

Dear Sir,
Some six years ago, more out of curiosity (as I then thought)-
than for any other reason, I forwarded you r/- in return for one of
your Manuals and a leaf from my Horoscope. I received the book,
and a description of the qualities of 2 in Sb. You made especial
mention of faculties for the stage and poetry in that half-page of type-
written matter.
These so whetted my appetite that I have closely studied the
matter ever since, and am the proud possessor of, I think, almost all
the books you have published. Previous to your communication I
never dreamed that I was endowed with any poetic gifts; but I am
enclosing one poor effortwhich I somehow think you will appreciate
(our Horoscopes are not dissimilar—Nat.; 30th June, 1879; 7 a.m. ;

' We hope to print it later.—Ed.

94 MODERN ASTROLOGV
Paisley, Renfrewshire); and which perhaps you may think worthy of
insertion in " Modern Astrology," of which I am a constant reader.
The faculties that might have been used by me for a life "on the
boards " have, however, been hindered by other and adverse influences.
1 am at present passing through a critical period—owing, I suppose,
to the position of tp .
You are at liberty to use this letter as you like (withholding, of
course, my name).
Yours faithfully,
" Elumas."

Real Help
Dear Sir,
Just a hasty line enclosing my opinion for your symposium,
and to again, in some way, express my sincere appreciation for your
vigorous efforts to reinstate and purify Astrology. I am sure you will
only hear a tithe of the admiration which exists for your work. I wish
you could hear some of my friends'—non-occult—opinions upon your
Everybody's Astrology. You will see I most appreciatively regard
Sutcliffe and Daath, scientifically: and, ethically, yourself and Mrs.
Leo. Your own esoteric articles have promise, but I think they have
lost much by not being published regularly. Sntcliffe's articles—(I
think the title should rather be the " Physical Foundations of
Astrology ")—have set me to rub up my mathematics, so as to be
able to fully appreciate them, and this for a busy business man,
working late at night very frequently, says much for their stimulating
qualities.
I am applying myself as vigorously as my limited time will permit
to the study of Astrology (Esoteric), and find the Secret Doctrine, etc.,
very stimulating, and my occultist friends give me much help. But
my principal object in writing you is to ask whether you would consent to use
the nativity of a gentleman, known to me, for one of your competitions. I only,
at present, know the date of his birth, but, if you will consent to its
use, 1 will get the time from him. I enclose a rough trial horoscope,
which indicates him very well, and I can promise you that he is a most
unique personality and individuality,—morally, mentally and physically,
and well worth delineating. I have also thought it would be a silencer
for some of the critics, if you could say that even you yourself were
not aware of the identity of the " subject" until the adjudication was
finished; the papers could be forwarded to me. I may say that 1
believe, from certain things I know, that the gentleman might very
possibly render great service to Astrology.
You may rely upon my sending only reliable data, for 1 quite
understand, from experience, the difficulty in this matter. Nor do 1
think my friend sufficiently well known to be " spotted," for though
his name, in a certain way, is before many people the chance of an
.accurate guess is very remote; and still less an accurate delineation.
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 95
for only his most intimate friends really know him and, as 1 have said,
he is unique in every way, mentally, physically and morally, for
there is hardly a " house" in the horoscope hut is worthy of special
remark.
With every good wish for continued success,
Newcastle. Believe me, yours very sincerely,
December, 1908. Libranos.
[It is very pleasant to receive an appreciative letter of this kind, and
we cordially thank our correspondent for bis suggestion regarding the
Competition, which we shall be delighted to comply with.—Ed.]

The Seventh House in Prize Competitions

Dear Sir,
Permit me through the medium of your columns to offer a
sincere apology to the subject of Competition 8 for any unfortunate
references I may have made in the course of my judgment; [see pp.
461 (first par.), 480 (first par.) of issue for October, 1908]. As I was
very hurried in composing and writing it, and had no time to take a
copy, I am unable to refer to the remarks to which exception has been
taken, therefore I can only apologise in a general way for what was
no doubt a fault due to my want of deliberation.
Living at the antipodes must be my excuse for the delay in for-
warding this letter, and also for my haste in writing my judgment, for
the time occupied by papers in transit allows very little time for work
before entries close.
In fairness to competitors, in future competitions might I suggest
that some hint, such as " criticism of seventh house matters not
expected " should be included in the information supplied to them ?
While fully recognising the distastefulness of the references from the
adjudicator's point of view, it seems to me that to ignore so important
a portion of the map, unless requested to do so, would be scarcely
doing justice either to the scope of Astrology or to the skill of the
competitors.
Again expressing regret,
Believe me,
Yours sincerely,
November $tk, 1908. " Rehua."
[Comment by the Sub-Editor:—With regard to the latter
paragraph of this letter. We did not intend by our remarks on p. 480
to suggest that we shared "No. S's" opinion that topics of the
Seventh House should be excluded in delineations, but that the
competitor should (as we phrased it) " ride gently " upon his winged
steed of prophecy, remembering that the native is quite likely not to
be a student of astrology, and that be or she will therefore be the less
prepared to take remarks on this head in the impersonal and abstract
sense in which they are probably meant.]
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

It is not easy, we know, in writing a delineation to keep constantly

in mind the fact that the reader is not looking at the matter from the
same point of view as ourselves,—that he does not (or may not) share
our belief in Reincarnation and Karma, for instance—and that
consequently statements we should not ourselves leel affronted at
may perhaps strike the native as either impertinent or indelicate.
Yet this is what we should do, if we would avoid unnecessarily
estranging his sympathies, or offending his sense of privacy,—a sense
which is very much keener in some people than in others.
These remarks of course are perfectly general and quite in-
dependent of the other point touched upon in the paragraph referred
to, namely that inexperienced students are apt to draw rather extreme
conclusions from unfavourable positions or aspects. For this is a
matter in which experience alone can be the teacher, and these com-
petitions are expressly intended to aid students in gaining that
experience.
Nothing can be so helpful to a young student as the attempt to
write a delineation of the horoscope of a person entirely unknown to
him, truthfully, according to his best judgment, and yet without
expressing his thought in a manner that is likely to give offence to
the native as he reads it. It is a practice that develops both tactful-
ness and sympathy, as well as leading to fluency in the expression of
ideas; in fact, it would hardly be overstating the case to say that it
forms a preliminary training in the art of writing literature. If any
feel disposed to question this, let them turn to The New Word and read
the second section of the nineteenth head (pp. 274-278), with the last
paragraph of which we will conclude this rather lengthy Note;
The art of writing truly is so high an art, so far beyond our present reach,
that those who have essayed it most will think most charitably of the
Poor—competitor who has not achieved it!]

Letter from a Prize-Winner

Dear Sir,
I have great pleasure in acknowledging receipt of The
Progressed Horoscope, which I have chosen for my prize in No. 9
Competition.
It is quite an acquisition, and I expect it to be as useful to me in
the future as How to Judge a Nativity is at present.
Naturally I am delighted, although surprised, at the result of the
Competition, and feel much encouraged to continue my studies.
I think the advantages these Competitions give to students of
gaining experience, and exercising their budding powers of judgment,
are quite unique, and should not be neglected.
6, Mornington Road, Faithfully Yours,
Bolton-le-Moors, Jessy Frankland.
December 13th, 1908.
ifflnftrnt E^trolog^

Vol. VI. MARCH, 1909. No. 3.

New Series.

Clje <£&ttor's (JDbscrbator^

Who will venture to forecast the numbers of those destined to

make Astrology their especial study at the close of this twentieth
century ?
Scorpio- Since the opening of the present century there
Uranlana , , . ,, . .... , ,
has been a noticeable increase within the ranks of
those who may fittingly be termed students. To all who live in an
astrological atmosphere this increase is no surprise, for amongst the
rising generation the Scorpio-Uranians are beginning to bud, and
later on wil^blossom forth into this atmosphere. To the unititiated
it may be explained that]the " Scorpio-Uranians " are those born
when the sign Scorpio ascended with the planet Uranus rising in that
mystical sign,—which could only happen in the years 1891 to 1898
inclusive.
All.parents or guardians willing to test this statement should
first discover if their children are bom under this influence, and then
put them in the way of becoming acquainted with star lore, by one of
the many methods in which it may be presented to the youthful mind.
The result will be a profitable one.
# $
The symbol method is probably the most instructive for youthful
minds, and if presented in the right manner it will never fail to interest
an intuitive child.
^Papents*0 planetary symbols do not appear to
Teaching by present the same difficulty to some as the Signs of
Symbols
the Zodiac, although the latter may be easily
g8 MODERN ASTROLOGY
explained by the animals those signs represent, and most children
can commit to memory the well-known doggerel rhyme:
The Signs of the Zodiac
The Ram, the Bull, the Heavenly Twins,
The Crab, and next the Lion shines,
The Virgin and the Scales;
The Scorpion, Archer, then Sea-goat,
The Man that holds the Water-pot,
The Fish with glittering tails.
Or again, they may be memorised by referring to the parts of the
body governed by those signs ;
Aries V, the/Kai; Taurus y, the Wiroat: Gemini n, the and
lungs; Cancer as, the breasts and stomach; Leo SL, the heart and back;
Virgo nj>, the bowels and solar plexus; Libra the reins and kidneys;
Scorpio m, the secret parts and generative organs; Sagittarius t, the thighs ;
Capricorn the knees; Aquarius ^r,the tegs and ankles; and Pisces, the
Jtct and toes.
* *
It is with deep regret I have just read of the passing of the
Thtosophical Review. The T.R. was just three years older than our
own magazine, and many of its readers were also
ThoPaaiintf of a readers of Modern Astrology.
Friendly
Contemporary It is somewhat pathetic to read the Editor's
farewell, and many will lament the course adopted
by him under the trying circumstances that he has recently passed
through. All who know Mr. Mead will testify to his honesty and
straightforwardness, and this is apparent when he openly confesses
that he has lost confidence in Mrs. Besant and her supporters.
After twenty-four years' service it is no light matter to sever one's
connections and break away from a Society in which a great deal of
life had been experienced.

The horoscope of Mr. Mead will be interesting to all students of

Theosophy and Astrology. It was first published in Practical Astrology,
and may be found in the New Edition on page 204.
Tfao Stars in it will, however, be doubly interesting if
Their Courses
compared with the map on page 178, that of Mrs.
Besant, in whom Mr. Mead states that he has now lost all faith. If
Astrology be not verified by this comparison then I will be glad to
 THE editor's observatory 99

receive correction. Saturn in Mr. Mead's horoscope is on the place

of the Sun in Mrs. Besant's nativity, while Mrs. Besant has her Mars
on his Moon; there we have the malefics on the luminaries with a
vengeance, and everyone knows what this means magnetically and
mentally. Unless the natives of two such horoscopes had both of
them ruled their stars, how could agreement be possible ?

Not only do the luminaries receive the malefics but Mercury in

the horoscope of Mr. Mead is in the same degree as Saturn in Mrs.
Besant's horoscope. It is a great pity Mr. Mead
Are we ready far did not know more of Astrology. Astrology
c}
Brotherhood?
affords proof enough that Mr. Mead had more to
gain than lose by Mrs. Besant's influence, for her Moon and Jupiter
shed their beneficent influence upon his ascendant.
It is difficult to comment on characters like Mr. Mead's and Mrs.
Besant's, for occult forces are more potent in their action upon such
souls; it is, however, regrettable that where so many are concerned
harmony should be broken over an affair that really involves a question
of brotherhood.

There are few solar aspects during March, therefore the weather
will be more^pronounced. Temperature rises between the 5th and the
8th, and produces fine weather generally from the
.probable 5th to the 14th; there will be much wind about
March fhe nth. The middle of the month (15th, 16th,
17th) will be wet and unsettled, and the close will
be stormy, with fine intervals.

How to Judge a Nativity, Part I., New Ediliou.—Our altention has

been drawn to an error on p. 24 of this book, and a Corrigendum slip has
beea prepared and will be inserted in future iu all copies sold. Those who
already possess copies are requested to write at once for one of these slips
and to paste it in where marked, iu order that the error may be rectified.
ERRATA. — In the article " Planets and Signs versus Sound and
•Colour," which was unfortunately printed before the author's proof had
been received, the following corrections should be noted ;—p. 87, last line,
poddy should be paddy ; and p. 88, line 21, dark red should be light red.
On p. go, middle of page," married at 21^- years" should be 22J—to he
exact, 22 years and 7 months.
 IOO

Inner anir tlje (Btater TtiU

From the Standpoint of a Student of Astrology*

The subject of Life is so profound that to obtain even a satis-

factory definition of it has been found impossible. From among
many I have selected that to which it seems to me least exception
can be taken, and which runs as follows: " Life is a series of definite
and successive changes, both of structure and composition, which
take place within an individual without destroying its identity." It
seems to me that this definition is wide enough to include everything
in the manifested universe, from solar systems to minute infusoria.
Also it lays stress upon the dual aspect or nature of everything
endowed with the quality of life, throwing into sharp contrast its
distinguishing characteristics of change and sameness, instability and
permanence. Further it will be seen that life, as ordinarily under-
stood, signifies the union of the attributes just mentioned; as does
death their divorce. This is a sound definition I think; although to
everyone here there is no commoner truism than " There is no death,"
death meaning to all of us merely a change of environment for an
indestructible something; death on one plane, or in one grade of
matter, involving birth on another.
Now whether this something whose identity is indestructible be
the Logos of a solar system, the ensouling entity of a planet, or the
ego of a man, of each it may be postulated that it possesses a capacity
for change, and a degree of permanency, inversely proportionate to
that belonging to its outward embodiment. It seems reasonable to
infer, from all we have been taught, that the Logos of the particular
solar system to which we belong has qualities which differentiate
Him from the Logoi of other systems, these being, in fact, the limita-
tions He has voluntarily imposed upon Himself for this particular
period of manifestation. Astrology teaches us that the minor gods,

• A Lecture delivered at the Hampstead Lodge of the Theosophical Society on

July :3th, 1908.
 THE INNER AND THE OUTER LIFE 101

the lesser deities, who assist the Supreme Ruler in carrying out His
plans, and in governing His universe, and whose physical bodies are
the planets, have also, to fit them for their special work, clearly
defined characteristics, which are permanent for this manvantara,
the attributes of Venus, for instance, differing widely from those of
Saturn. That part of each of us which persists through myriads of
lives has a fundamental temperament, sounds one particular note in
the universal harmony, is distinguished by a special hue in the cosmic
scheme of colour.
It does not seem illogical to premise that within these afore-
mentioned limitations each of these ensouling entities has, because of
its subtile nature, a power of change or movement that is exceedingly
rapid when compared with that possessed by its physical partner.
Reverting to our primary definition for a moment, we see that the
" series of definite and successive changes, both of structure and
composition" have, manifestly, no reference to that part of the
individual whose identity is indestructible, and must therefore relate
1o that which is purely physical. Now whether these changes are
such as occur to a globe of our system in its successive stages of
solar, planetary and lunar life ; or those attendant upon the periods
of infancy, childhood, maturity and age, in the life of a man ; or even
those pertaining to the seasons of spring, summer, autumn and winter,
in the life of the year ; they are all definite, sequential, and of limited
duration ; and obviously obey a law which that indestructible some-
thing, ensouling each, has no power to alter. Moreover, these
changes, although not permanent, are, relatively speaking, fixed ; for
a globe, having become a man-bearing planet, does not revert to its
solar condition; the hoary head and wrinkled skin of age cannot be
transformed into childhood's golden curls and smooth, peach-like
bloom ; nor the full corn in the ear become again the green and tender
blade. In short, all such changes of physical structure as those I
have put before you are not revertible.
Therefore, on contrasting the abiding and non-abiding qualities of
that which ensouls and that which is ensouled, we find that what in
the former is permanent, is absolutely so; while in the latter, obedi-
ence to the law of orderly and comparatively slow change is the only
attribute that lasts; and that, compared with the capacity possessed
by the former for rapid and even continuous change in every direction,
 102 MODERN ASTROLOGY

there is, in the latter, but the power for change that is slow and in
one direction only. It will easily be perceived that in the comparisons
thus drawn, reference, in the broadest sense only, has been made to
the inner and the outer life.
As man, who is an epitome of the universe, or, as this fact is
generally stated, the microcosm of the macrocosm, must be, it seems
to me, at this stage of our evolution, of absorbing interest to us all, I
will now confine my remarks to that which concerns his inner and
outer life. Now in the theosophical sevenfold division of man, each
body, vehicle, or sheath of that part of him which persists, may be
regarded as the soul or inner life of that particular body, vehicle, or
sheath immediately below it in this septenary. Put differently, it
may be said that any part of him is ensouled, or vivified, by that
part which is composed of the next and rarer grade of matter, the
etheric body ensouling the physical, the mental the astral, etc. Now
the fact that one body is composed of finer matter than another im-
plies that the rate at which its particles vibrate is considerably
augmented. This is analogous, we can at once see, to what I have
previously said when comparing [the indestructible something with
its physical encasement.
Also it possesses, to a certain extent, the power of informing or
shaping the body of which it may be said to be the soul, this power
being proportionately great as the body itself is increasingly subtile.
The fact of excessive activity of the brain thinning the bone of the
skull, or of the greater functioning of a special part of it producing a
marked enlargement exteriorly, are evidences of this law obtain-
ing even in matter that is wholly physical; as is also the wearing
away of rocks by the washing of the waves. These facts point to a
truth which may be expressed thus: That in addition to the changes
in physical matter commented on before, which are not under the
control of the ensouling entity, there are some which are certainly-
caused by the action of the finer body upon the grosser. Speaking
broadly, then, we may conclude that the soul or inner life, because of
its power of rapid vibration and consequent greater faculty of change,
combined with its ability to shape or form the body or outer life, must
ever be that in which all change that is to be real and effectual must
be initiated. This, in itself, seems to me to be one of the strongest
arguments against all hatha yoga practices, that is, any method of
 THE INNER AND THE OUTER LIFE 103
obtaining union with the immortal part of oneself by commencing
operations in one or other of the lower or outer bodies.
Now if we remember that man himself is, as I have said before,
the universe in miniature, he must have in his inmost, central, or real
self, all the potentialities of deity ; and be able to evolve, in the same
way as the Logos Himself has done, a universe out of himself. This
method, we have been taught, is to make a boundary of a circum-
ferential line, and within this limit to form, by the creative power of
thought, a cosmos. This not only gives us another reason for
eschewing all methods that do not work from within outwards, but
emphasises the necessity for that kind of thinking which, under its
various names of prayer, meditation, concentration, will alone enable
man to become again master of himself.
In reading a little book entitled : The Way of Wisdom, written by
F. Farr Emery, and purporting to be an investigation of the meanings
of the letters of the Hebrew alphabet considered as a remnant of
Chaldean wisdom, I have been much impressed, not only by the
signification given therein to Aleph, the first letter of the Hebrew
alphabet, but also to the meaning attached to it when combined with
five other Hebrew characters. The root-meaning of Aleph is leader,
chief, pioneer ; and, in the words of the writer herself, stands for " the
stimulating idea which is akin to the first impulse of creation." She
then shows how the Hebrew equivalent for the first words of the English
translation of the Book of Genesis: " In the beginning the Gods
created," is really only the combination of these six letters, the
definitions of the other five being respectively a shrine or dwelling ; a
vacuum ; repeaters or followers; active agent or will; and boundary
or enclosure. Her rendering runs thus: " Dwelling in the vacuum
was the stimulating idea, the will repeating the first impulse formed
a boundary." She then goes on to say that we have here "a
descripton of the first pulsation in the nebulous star dust we call a
universe."
No one, 1 think, will oppose me when , I say that if the root-
meaning of Aleph is " leader, chief, pioneer," then Aleph is only
another name for what is known to us as Aries; and that if the
Hebrew alphabet is of Chaldean origin, it (the alphabet) must have
had its birth among a people whose religious, political and social life
had an* astrological basis. Now if in the Zodiac is written the
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

history, past, present and future, of the universe, it follows that Aries,
the first sign or beginning of the Zodiac will, in its nature, show forth
the manner of the inception of this universe; so that the fact that
Aleph, or its equivalent Aries, can be defined as "thestimulating idea
which is akin to the first impulse of creation " is evidence, not only
that the universe springs from an idea, or is born of thought, but is
also proof that in the hoary and wise past this truth was not only
known but taught. An examination of the whole passage descriptive
of the creation of the universe.shows it to coincide with the method
prescribed for us if we would become builders or creators; for the
central thought, from which all else springs, must dwell in a space
emptied of all that can distract or disturb; while the will, in order
that this condition may be kept intact, must form, as it were, a wall
round it.
Now whetherthat mode of thought to which I have before alluded,
be looked upon as having for its end the drawing up or in of the lower
or outer life to the higher or inner ; or whether its goal be viewed as
the power to create, that is, the pouring out of the inspirational or
inner into the functional or outer life ; it will be seen that either is
yoga; and also that in this union the positive partner is the inner.
Then, remembering that man means thinker, the very name by which
he is known in this language having the same root as has the Sanskrit
verb " to think," it follows that the world in which he, in his essential
nature, is most at home, and the life which is most really his, is that
of Thought; and that what I have called his higher, inner, or central
life, must ever be that of the thinker. Hence also it follows that the
means employed to secure the union or making one of the inner and
outer life, must have, for their ultimate object, the permeating or
saturating of all that which is not of the nature of thought with that
which is. In prayer or aspiration the lower life is flooded with the
higher; in the deep thought of meditation the outer life is lost in the
inner ; while in concentration, the literal meaning of which is driving
into a centre, the life that is central, keeps that which is not, revolving
round it.
Now if, as I have before stated, the history of the universe, and
consequently of man, is written in the Zodiac, there must be, for those
who have eyes to see, much concerning him before he became the
self-conscious being he now is; as well as a record of his possibilities
 THE INNER AND THE OUTER LIFE IO5
when he shall have passed beyond his human limitations. Therefore,
in endeavouring to comprehend him from the purely human stand-
point, I propose to examine a special triplicity of the Zodiac, that is,
three signs characterised as having affinity with the same natural
element. These signs are the three airy signs, and are associated with
the mental plane, and therefore with humanity. I choose these not
-only because of their mental character, although that is my principal
reason for so doing, but also because they are life signs, and must, for
the first reason, be dual in manifestation; and for the second, have
more bearing upon the two aspects of man's nature we are considering
than would form signs. Next, although one of these three signs
cannot, from the character of its symbol alone, be designated a human
sign ; yet 1 think I shall be able to show that all three are in a very
real sense the most human signs of the Zodiac.
Taking then Gemini, which in the natural order of the signs has
priority of position, being of the Zodiac the third sign and the first of
the airy triplicity, we notice that it is a common sign, and therefore
related to the sitvic guna and vibratory motion. Now rhythm being
the special attribute of the siltvic guna, and vibratory motion being
that which is more closely allied to pure mentality than either linear
or rotary, this movement being always from right to left and then
from left to right again, and therefore inseparably associated with the
pairs of opposites, and with that duality which may be termed the
natural element of the mind proper, we see that with regard to his
inner and his outer life, man, the thinker, is enabled, when acted
upon by the force playing through this sign, to pass continually from
one to the other.
Considering next the planetary rulership of the sign, that is the
particular planet with whose nature it has most affinity, we notice
that it gives positive expression to Mercury, and may therefore be
looked upon as that which is best fitted to display all that is essenti-
ally mercurial. Now Mercury, in his most important capacity of
messenger of the gods, is not only, because of his fleetness of foot, the
prototype of rapid movement and perpetual change; but he is also
the passer to and fro between the gods, the opener up of communica-
tion between them, he who brings them into touch or relationship one
with another. It is obvious, also, that he has no more to do with one
■god than with another, his only concern being the message or com-
io6 MODERN ASTROLOGY

munication he bears. These characteristics of Mercury, which are

therefore those of Gemini,—this sign, as I have before said, expressing
the mercurial nature in its purity,—not only emphasise the faculty
we have previously noted arising from the common sign nature; but
reveal the purpose of this perpetual passing and repassing, as well as
showing its utter impersonalness.
Apart from the reason I myself have adduced for this sign's being
regarded as a human one, there is, of course, the more important one
of the symbol itself. The picture of the two children, with which
you are all so familiar, is not that of any two human children chosen
at haphazard, but of two children who are absolutely alike in every
particular ; for, as you know, they are twins, and in the presentment
we have of them are a fulfilment of what may be termed our root-idea,
or radical conception, of children thus paired. Bound up, too, with
this idea of twinship is that of commonness of descent, identity of
ancestry. So that, in addition to the duality we have previously
remarked, being again insisted on in what astrologers term the double-
bodiednessof the symbol, we have also wrapped up in it, the profound
truth that the inner and the outer life are of one parentage, spring
from the same source, are but the two aspects of the life that is
universal and that is essentially one.
However carefully one examines the symbol it will ever be found
that the Twins are differentiated only by their looking in opposite
directions. As I have previously remarked, the figure of one twin is
a facsimile of the other. On looking at the rectangular figure which
is used by astrologers in representing the sign graphically, one notices
that, as in the symbol, equality and opposition are emphasised ; for
in this four-sided, right-angled figure, the opposite sides only are equal.
Therefore, we infer, first from the symbol alone, that that pair of
opposites, the inner and the outer life, are, as regards their origin,
equal, which is practically a deduction we have already made from
the fact that the children are twins; and secondly, from both symbol
and glyph, that the inner and the outer life, regarded as cause and
effect, must ever be equal and opposite. It may be remarked here,
by the way, that this last contains the most satisfactory explanation
of the intimate relationship of the interrogative why to the sign
Gemini.
In viewing the symbol as a representation of childhood, yet another
 THE INNER AND THE OUTER LIFE

manifestation of Gemini is obtained ; for Gemini is as truly the eternal

child as is every child, who is a child, Gemini incarnate. The typical
child is ever moving, always changing. Nothing holds its interest long.
Its joys and its sorrows, though of absorbing, are of alternate interest,
one ever taking the place of the other. This is largely due to the
child's having no fixed habits, no settled notions, as have those who
are older. It examines all things with the same open-eyed interest.
Child-nature is plastic; and pliability is the one characteristic that
distinguishes every true child. Therefore we find it able to turn with
an ease that its elders envy, but do not possess, to any and every-
thing that claims its attention. Here again stress is laid upon Gemini's
■faculty for passing from this to that, and consequently facile and
constant turning from the consideration of its inner, to that of its
outer, and from that of its outer, to that of its inner, life.
Now to gain the faculty of adaptability, the quality of suppleness,
the human soul has to weave this Gemini texture of agility and versa-
tility. Its warp is easy and rapid movement, its woof alternate and
equal movement in opposite directions; while the various threads
forming these are pure mentality, with its necessary duality and
association with the pairs of opposites; common signedness, involv-
ing connection with the sitvic guna and vibratory motion ; posses-
sion of characteristics essentially mercurial; double-bodiedness ■,
equality ; and ownership of childhood's attributes.
In examining Libra, the second sign of our airy or mental triplicity,
we notice that as it is a cardinal sign its guna is rijasic, its motion
linear ; and that it has in it therefore other elements than those per-
taining to the mind. Here we have thought allied to outward, or
physical plane, action, mentality wedded to progress. The move-
ment is no longer from right to left but in a straight line; and the
soul coining under the Libran influence has, aided by the contrary
blasts of opposing forces, to acquire the power of treading the razor-
path, the capacity for walking in the narrow way. The sign being
mental the dual action of the mind is again in evidence, but it is not
the propelling force ; for the soul is only kept upright or steady by
receiving equal pressure from both worlds, the inner and the outer.
It will easily be seen, from this fact alone, that the aim of all Libran
experience is the acquirement of balance.
Now, as is well known to everyone here, Libra is governed by
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Venus, the goddess of love, love being at once the spur and the goal
of every soul that has taken upon itself the Libran yoke. I wish,
however, to draw attention to one particular phase of the Venusian
or love nature which I consider belongs to this sign only. In order
to do this I will place alongside the symbol, which is a balance or
pair of scales, the ^oxd justice. No one will see any incongruity in
their proximity, and this, not only because the dharmaof this sign is
justice, but also because the association of the symbol and the word
brings before the mind's eye that superb and blindfolded woman, who,
with the balance in her hand, is, for us all, the emblem of unerring
justice. We have, by the way, in the fact that Libra is ruled by
Venus, a female deity, the best reason that can be adduced for assign-
ing to it the qualities of womanhood; so that in the classification that
has been made of these three mental signs, we find that as Gemini
typifies the child, and Aquarius the father, so does Libra the mother.
What I have previously said regarding the connection of the balance-
symbol with the female figure of justice, makes this conception of
Libra as the human mother, still more definite.
The next blindfolded figure I wish to bring before your notice
is that of Venus's near relative, Cupid. Although his eyes are but
bandaged, the expressions " the little blind god," and "love is blind,"
have almost made us forget that although he does not use it, he still
possesses the power of vision.
Then in the Greek myth of Psyche and Eros we have again, not
lack of the faculty of sight, but a hindrance to seeing, insisted on. I
refer to that part of the story immediately succeeding Psyche's
deliverance by Eros from her much-dreaded union with the snaky
monster destined for her. You will remember that, carried by a light-
winged zephyr to Eros's beautiful palace of pleasure, Psyche is visited
by the god every night, but that, owing to the fact that he remains
with her only while darkness prevails, she does not see him ; and also
that disobeying the counsel given to her by her lover, which is that
she shall not seek to discover his identity, she loses him ; for her
sisters, persuading her that she is embracing a monster in the dark-
ness of night, induce her to light a lamp while he is asleep. Her
short-lived rapture at finding her lover not only a god, but also
divinely beautiful, is followed by an accident that deprives her of his
presence; for, in her excitement, she lets a drop of hot oil fall on his
 THE INNER AND THE OUTER LIFE

shoulder, which has the effect of awakening him. He then reproaches

her for her want of faith and leaves her.
In an article entitled " Some Fragments from the Book of the
Dead," written by M. W. Blackden, and appearing in the May
number of The Tkeosophical Review, 1908, the following words in
reference to a Hymn to Osiris occur: " The god showing his face to
the west and lighting up the two earths with his silver-golden light,
refers to the symbol of the Sun halved, as it were, by the dividing
line of the horizon ; this is the type of perfect balance. The horizon
is a mystical line, on one side of which is the world of " Noise," and
on the other the world of " Silence."
"The task of the initiate is to place himself as an accurately •
balanced entity upon this horizon ; . . .
" Symbolically these two worlds are the worlds of the living and
the dead, and the line is not only what divides them, but also that
which reconciles them."
It is perfectly obvious that those words of my quotation : "the
symbol of the Sun halved, as it were, by the dividing line of the
horizon" could refer as well to the rising, as to the setting Sun, and
therefore, astrologically, as well to Aries as to Libra, these two signs
being respectively associated with sunrise and sunset. But Aries
could not be described as " the type of perfect balance," so I take the
whole passage, in its astrological sense, to refer to Libra. Keeping
this in mind, it is easy to see that the idea of joy is connected with
Aries, the sunrise sign, because the day or time of light is at hand;
whereas sadness is naturally associated with Libra, because night or
darkness is approaching.
Now the blindfolded figures of Justice and Cupid, the darkness
that alone allows of Love's perfect union with the human soul,
Libra's willing not to cross the circle of darkness, and the natural
association of Libra with the setting Sun and therefore with approach-
ing night, all point to the fact that although Libra is a mental sign it
does not, in itself, afford any illumination as to the relationship
between cause and effect; in a word, it does not, as does Gemini,
answer the question why ; so that the task set the human soul by
Libra is the acting from motives of purest love only, or the doing
right simply because it is right, and not because of any knowledge of
the workings of the law of karma. Therefore the soul must, ignorant
no MODERN ASTROLOGV

of the future, for love face death, ere its last Libran lesson be learned ;
must, if the price of its immortality were falseness to another, forfeit
it, before it can be declared to have been weighed in the balances of
Libra and found not wanting. The gain to the soul itself, in the
performance of all such action as I have just described, is beauty. It is
manifest, also, that only under these Libran conditions can surpassing
loveliness of soul be acquired.
You will have noticed that in the quotation from Mr. JBlackden's
article the mystical line of the horizon is said to be that which no
only divides but reconciles the inner and the outer worlds, and there-
fore the two aspects of life, the inner and the outer. Also, that the
initiate is required to balance himself accurately upon this horizon.
This seems to me to mean that the soul, progressing in this way,
obtains an equal and proportionate development, that is, becomes
shapely or well-balanced. This may throw some light on the
abhorence, and even horror, possessed by all Libran folk of physical
deformity. It is well to remember here that in the opinion of one
who should know—the artist, proportionate development, that is,
perfect balance of the parts, constitutes beauty.
Our third and last mental sign, Aquarius, belonging as it does
to the fixed order, has for its guna t&mas, and is related to the
motion that is rotary. Here we have movement round a centre, the
outer life revolving about the inner, the lower rendering obedience
and paying homage to the higher.
Now this sign, in common with the other fixed signs of the
Zodiac, is one in which the will is potent. If we combine will-power
with movement round a centre we bring together the two forces
needed for the building of a universe, which must result in creation.
In other words, will, which is centrifugal, added to concentration,
which is centripetal, have for their sum creative power. Not only
have we these two forces in the fixed signs, but the will in them is
the directing power. Of course, in the particular sign we are con-
sidering, the faculty bestowed is that of constructive will on the
mental plane.
Aquarius being under the dominion of Saturn, it has, like Gemini,
a mental ruler. Remembering that calmness and sustained ell'ort are
Saturnian characteristics, and that Saturn is the personification of
that power in nature which conserves, that which allows of nodissipa-
 THE INNER AND THE OUTER LIFE III

tion or waste of force, and that his only measure of value, his one
standard of worth, is use, we have in the fact of his rulership of
Aquarius additional testimony to the sign's creative potency. This,
owing to Saturn's mentality, is none other than the creative potency
of thought.
In looking at the Aquarian symbol we find other justification for
its being considered a human sign than that arising from its belonging
to the airy or mental triplicity. As I have before remarked, Aquarius
has been called the sign of human fatherhood ; and I think we shall
find one reason for this in the particular representation of man con-
stituting its symbol. The figure conveys to my mind the ideas of full
maturity and perfected manhood. This Aquarian man is neither
adolescent nor senile, but a man at his prime, being of maturity,
physical, mental and moral, a perfect type. The first is evidenced by
the beard and full-grown figure; the second by the well-developed
brow ; and the third by the grave and dignified yet beautiful face.
This maturity proves two things, first that the man's own growth
is finished, and secondly, that the ability to produce or create is now
his. In the symbol this conception of man in what I will term his
giving out capacity is'strikingly indicated. He is represented as
pouring forth water, not to slake his own thirst, but to quench that of
others.
Now only to the virile belongs this possibility of finished growth,
of ripening, and of seed-bearing. And what is the secret of this
Strength which is the birthright of every true son of Aquarius ? Only
this, that at last the higher self rules the lower, the outer life obeys
the inner.
So we see that it is the three ways in which the human plant
contacts the inner and the outer life, that determine its growth of
leaf, flower, and seed-bearing fruit; the three kinds of relationship that
can exist between the soul's inner and outer life that produce in it
suppleness, beauty, strength.
Maude Ruth Hicgs.

When the World looks ashen grey around you, then be sure that the
Dawn is not far off.
 112

&esult of tfc ^obember plebiscite

It will be remembered that facing the first page of our November

number was an invitation to every reader to send his or her opinion
of the magazine, in answer to the following fourteen questions:—
(i) Name the writers in Modern Astrology who most interest you.
(2) What writer or writers, if any, fail to interest you ? (3) Give us your
criticisms of the article or articles, which do not interest you. (4) Are
you interested in " The Editor's Observatory " or would you rather have the
space for something else ? (5) Do you approve of the PrizeCompetitions ?
(6) How do you think they might be improved ? (7) Do you or do you
not like the occasional inclusion of poetry ? (8) Do you like continued
articles,—such as " The Signs of the Zodiac Analysed " ? (g) If not, why ?
(10) Have you been interestedin " The Foundations of Physical Astrology " ?
Why ?—or why not ? (n) What special article, department,or writer, has
helped you most, or meant the most to you ? (12) Have there been any
special articles that were distasteful to you ?—If so, what and why ? (13)
What three articles have you most enjoyed during 1908 ? (14) How would
you like Modern Astrology improved during 1909: (a) by the omission
of . . . . ? (fr) by the addition of .... ?
The analysis of the answers sent in has proved, as may be
imagined, a formidable task. A detailed report is given later, but
for the moment it may be said that the general impression conveyed
by an examination of the replies received is emphatically that Modern
Astrology is, on the whole, being so conducted as to serve the best
interests of the greatest number. In fact one writer unconsciously
summed up the general verdict when he wrote, in answer to question
14,—"The book suits me, I cannot say more."
Before proceeding to any details, however, a few remarks may be
permitted on the criticisms as a whole. It is quite clear from the
number of conflicting suggestions that have been made that very few
readers, comparatively, have any idea of the extraordinarily wide
and varied circle to which Modern Astrology makes its appeal,
numbering among its subscribers students and lovers of Astrology in
all stages of development, from the merest beginner to the widely
read and critical scholar, and of tastes literary, devotional, scientific,
practical, speculative, experimental. Probably no publication at
present issued has to cater for such a heterogeneous clientele as does
 RESULT OF THE NOVEMUER PLEBISCITE

this magazine ; and doubtless it is owing to ignorance of, or to over-

looking, this fact that so many infeasible suggestions have been
made. When we say infeasible, it is not to be supposed that the
suggestions in themselves are (except in one or two instances) other
than good : but they are impracticable for the reason that they would
benefit one class of readers at the expense of another class.
As an instance of this may be mentioned Mr. Sutcliffe's articles
on " The Foundations of Physical Astrology." It is not surprising
that there are a number of readers who, not having the advantage of
a scientific education, and being therefore unable to follow with com-
plete understanding the arguments put forward, would gladly see the
space devoted to some other topic. They perhaps forget that there
are others to whom the co-ordination of Astrology with ordinary
physical science seems to be the most crying need of the hour, and
who feel correspondingly grateful to the author for the labours he has
undertaken. In such a case, the claims of the latter class must clearly
outweigh those of the former,—even if they were numerically inferior,
which they are not.
This instance is merely typical, and shows the difficulty which
has to be faced in seeking to decide on what is best for all.
Taken as a whole, the result of this Plebiscite is most encourag-
ing, and shows that the varied tastes of our readers are being catered
for in the most generally acceptable manner. We cordially thank
those who have assisted us by filling up the forms, and we acknow-
ledge with gratitude the many expressions of approval that have
appeared in them.

Analytical Report*

In the following account one important fact must be borne in

mind, and that is, that the percentages given refer only to the nittnberof
replies received. It is a reasonable inference that those who did not fill
in the form are quite satisfied with Modern Astrology as it is, and
their silence may therefore be construed as a ' vote of confidence ' in
the existing method of conducting the magazine. This is important,
because the replies received, in spite of their number, do not represent

* This report was prepared about the middle ol January and any answers
received later have, of course, not been included.
 MODEUN ASTROLOGY

very much more than 10 per cent, of the total subscribers, and con-
sequently all dissentients are really in a much smaller minority than
would otherwise appear to be the case.
Certain questions lending themselves to tabular analysis shall
be taken first:

Qttes. (4) Q"«- (5) Ones. I Q««. (8) Ohm. (to)

% % % % %
Answered: Yes. 82*2 75-0 55<j 93-5 460
No. 5'0 7-2 aa'a 00 306
Not Answered 12-8 17-8 22*2 6-5 *34
As regards Nos. 8 and 9, most answers show a misapprehension
of the question, the replies indicating that the writers are thinking of
Miss Pagan's series only ; but the gifted writer will be not less pleased
than ourselves, we opine, at the unqualified appreciation thus shown
of her clever and instructive articles.
No one will be surprised to hear that in answer to Question 1
Bessie Leo is easily first, her name appearing on 56*4 per cent, of the
papers, closely followed by I. M. Pagan with 53,2 per cent, and the
Editor with 46-7 per cent. The remaining honours are divided
amongst II. S. Green, Heinrich Daath and G. H. SutclilTe,—the Sub-
Editor likewise receiving a measure of approval for which he begs
herewith to tender his grateful thanks. " Sepharial," " Aphorel,"
"Sarastro" and " H. R." are names which also appear.
In Question 2 G. E. Sutcliffe's name is found on 12 percent, of the
papers, Bessie Leo and Heinrich Daath on 5 per cent, each; while
" Veritas," " jEquanimitas," and the writer of " The Ugly Chick "
are also signalled out for disapproval by certain readers. Many left
this question unanswered, but on the other hand there were not a few
who wrote somewhat in the following strain : " I read all, and find all
more or less interesting."
Taken as a whole the answers to these two questions must be
pronounced extremely gratifying.
Question 11 is not very easy to report upon, owing to its somewhat
wide scope, but by reducing the classification to authorship only, we
find the percentages as follow : Bessie Leo 43'5, Alan Leo and I. M.
Pagan 23, Heinrich Daath 12-9, H. S. Green n-i, Alfred H. Barley
8-i, J. R. Tavlor 6-5, G. E. SutclifTe 6-5 ; of articles by other authors
must be mentioned : " Zodiacal Physiognomy," " The Ugly Chick,"
 RESULT OF THE NOVEMBER PLEBISCITE 1X5

"A Human Document," " Remarkable Horoscopes," "A Mysterious

Death."
The answers to Question 3 are (as may well be imagined) too
varied to admit of any detailed report.
Several write deprecating controversial discussions, one quaintly
expressing the opinion that our correspondent J. W. "picked his fruit
too soon." Probably what is meant is better expressed by a writer
who adds: " when they become personal." On this point we quite
agree, but a properly conducted controversy may be very useful in
establishing truth.
Some would exclude Mr. Sutcliffe's articles; others, all matters
not directly bearing on Astrology ; others, poetry; others, Mrs. Leo's
articles. One gentleman criticises our advertisements under this heading !
But the general feeling is well expressed by a writer who
says; "Some few do not interest me, but I consider the variety of
articles on the whole very well adjusted to the needs of a band of
subscribers in so many stages of growth." (Italics ours.)
Only a few have answered Question 6, the general impression
being voiced by one who modestly says : " I leave that to wiser heads."
But several very sensible suggestions have been made, and these will
receive due consideration. A proposal to curtail the Prize Competi-
tion Results was doubtless due to the quite exceptional length of Ho.
8 in the October issue; such a thing is not likely to occur again. It
is quite evident that these Prize Competitions are fully appreciated,
and several urge that they should be held more frequently. This will
.perhaps be done.
Almost without exception the answer to Question 12 was " No."
One individual objected to the Theosophical Essays, and another to
Reincarnation Criticised—so that these two " pair," as Parliamentarians
would say. Dreams and Hindu Astrology were also mentioned.
But to the Sub-Editor, as may easily be understood, Question
13 was the most important of all. The serial articles on the Signs of
Zodiac and Esoteric Astrology are found to have divided the honours
pretty equally. After them we find ''The Divine Centre";, next
" Astrology and Karma" and " Karmic Disability." Then, svith
equal votes, Astro-Physiology, The Real Zodiac, A Human Docu-
ment, Prize Competitions; a little lower in the scale, Notes on Events,
Pre-natal Conditians, and The Foundations of Physical Astrology.
ii6 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Besides the above, which each receive a number of votes, there are
also several other articles mentioned, and we allude to them here for
the encouragement of their respective authors: The Law of
Harmony; The Art of Living; What is your Temperament;
Numerical Strength of Horoscopes; True Beginning of the Ancient
Zodiac; The Seven Churches; Prize Competition Delineation by
" Isis " ; O Child of Uranus; and Tekel.
Question 14 makes prominent a tendency noticed to a certain
extent in others, namely, the tendency of one person's recommendation
to "cancel out" with another's. In fact, no little amusement was
afforded the tellers, when examining the papers, by the coincidences
that occurred, a suggestion on one paper being frequently counter-
manded by a contrary suggestion on the paper immediately following.
Thus, under (a) one writer says; " Poetry, though I love the poets,"
while the next paper but one says under (6) " More short poems " I
Such little coincidences helped to lighten what must else have been a
very tedious task.
Under (a) were to be found very few recommendations, those
given chiefly revolving themselves into "discussions," and (as one
writer naively put it) " articles too clever for poor me!" Under (b)
were several excellent suggestions, which we shall bear in mind.
Some asked for an " Answers to Correspondents" page, being
apparently unaware that .this] is already a feature of the magazine.
Let them send their questions by all means, only remembering that
to ensure an answer they must be questions of general and not merely
personal interest. Others asked that the " Notabilia " should be re-
sumed ; this was only discontinued on account of the lack of interest
shown, and if readers will supply us with names and (where possible)
dates of Notable People we shall be glad to print the planetary
positions as heretofore.
Some asked for more Theosophy, and some for more Astrology (!);
but one writer expressed a wish that we think all will echo, and none
more heartily than the Sub-Editor, when he wrote: " More Bessie
Leo!" This last wish, at any rate, we hope it will be in our power
to grant, as soon as the health of our most popular contributor enables
us to do so.
®lje Horoscope of ^ir Isaac pitman, ttje Inbentor of

^ I; onopapljtc ^Ijortljaub

A new life of Sir Isaac Pitman, the Inventor of Phonography,

has just been published and in response to an enquiry the publishers,
Messrs. Isaac Pitman & Sons, of No. r, Amen Corner, E.G., have
very kindly sent us a copy of the book, which is published at 7s. 6(1,
net.
This is hardly the place to enter into any detailed review of this
book, which has evidently been prepared with the greatest care,
nothing that could add to its interest being omitted ; and it will there-
fore suffice to say that it is got up in an exceedingly inviting style,
is most liberally supplied with photographs and woodcuts, averaging
one in every twenty pages, and is altogether a book that to see is to
wish to read. The life-history of a man whose work is so closely
bound up with the intellectual and practical progress of the nineteenth
century as that of Isaac Pitman cannot be a matter of indifference to
anyone who is interested in the factors that make for social advance-
ment. For it is abundantly clear that but for the labours—and
genius—of this man the immense development of the modern news-
paper, with its verbatim reports of all important meetings, could
hardly (if at all) have been accomplished. And what that means
can only be realised by endeavouring to picture modern life without
such resources.
This much must suffice as to the general scope and merit of the
book, which shows abundant evidence of the manysidedness and
withal practical nature of this truly great man, whose reputation will
increase as time advances;—but it may be said in brief that it is a
most inspiring work. We are here more particularly concerned with
the horoscope, a copy of which is to be found on p. 3 of the book.
It seems that Samuel Pitman, the father of Sir Isaac, was
a diligent student of Sibley, and that " as each of his children
was bom he cast the infant's horoscope, which was duly in-
scribed in the family Bible." We are thus in the happy posi-
nS MODERN ASTROLOGY

tion of having an absolutely authentic horoscope of this famous

man, and our thanks are therefore due to his biographer, Mr.
Alfred Baker, for publishing it; but when he goes on to say
" in the case of' his son Isaac the horoscope did not indicate
in any way his future greatness as a shorthand inventor, and
possibly this was one of the reasons which led Pitman pere in later
years to abandon his faith in the ' celestial science,'"—' imaginary
science' he terms it elsewhere,—we think he is reckoning without his
Zenith et Scurjt Point.

10
£2
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•A
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w-vcO
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VdJtV c» North Point

The Horoscope of Sir Isaac Pitman.
host. In the first place, those who study Astrology do not feel their
belief in it (based as it is on experience) to rest on such insecure
foundations as to be quite so ready to abandon it as he imagines.
One swallow does not make a summer, uor one cold blast December.
On the other hand, one can well imagine that Samuel Pitman
was at a loss to reconcile his son's originality and inventiveness with
the singularly commonplace and unexceptional horoscope he had
before him ; for the positions of Uranus and Neptune are omitted!—the
 THE HOROSCOPE OF SIR ISAAC PITMAN II9
latter planet of course not being then known, while the former had
hardly been included in the Astrology of those days.
Now it does not require any knowledge of Astrology to see that
the introduction of two new factors may, though not necessarily
greatly modify the conclusions to be drawn from a horoscope. Let
us see how far it will be the case here.
The above horoscope has been calculated afresh from the data of
birth given in the Life namely, 0.40 a.m., 4/1/1813, Trowbridge,
Wiltshire.* This has been done in order to avoid any possibility of
error; but with the exception of the added places of Uranus and
Neptune the figure is practically identical with the one drawn up by
Samuel Pitman.
We are immediately struck by two facts. First, we notice that
Uranus is in sextile with the Moon and semi-square with the Sun.
Next, that Neptune is in semi-sextile with Mars and the Sun, in
sextile with the cusp of the Ascendant, and in conjunction with the
ruling planet Venus !
These are not ' wide' aspects that have been ' dragged in ' into
account for an apparent anomaly, they are close and effective aspects
and they could not fail to receive attention from any modern astro-
loger who examined the map. Further it will be found that Uranus
is in parallel with the Moon, Mercury, Venus and Jupiter, while
Neptune is in parallel with the Sun, Mercury, Venus and Saturn ;
these again are not ' wide' but clese parallels.
For the rest, the |map is remarkable for the number of miner
aspects; e.g., semi-square, 0-%|, ])-W> semi-sextile,
©•Wi I)-> ? *'? » ^-'P ; quincunx, ; quintile, J)-. The strong
positions are the trine of Jupiter and Venus (ruler), and the sextile of
Mars to Saturn and the Sun, the two latter being in conjunction.
Note also the strong position of the Moon, separating from the con-
junction of the Sun and in her natural house (the fourth = 25) although
in her "detriment," itf. The only other outstanding feature of the
map (though it is in itself sufficient to show the native would rise far
above the sphere of his birth) is the position of the planets in the
eastern half of the map, with no less than seven in the north-eastero
quadrant.
* The time is local and not Greenwich, as that would be the time in use in
those days.
120 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The foregoing remarks are by a member of the staff. There now

follows a delineation of the above nativity by the Editor.
In order to see how far the biographer's remark that " the
horoscope did not indicate his future greatness as a shorthand in-
ventor" would hold good when the positions of Uranus and Neptune
had been added, a copy of the foregoing map was placed in the Editor's
hands, without giving him any clue to the native's identity.
He was asked to " write a brief delineation, touching more
especially upon the native's career, success and fame, and the nature of
the causes that led up to it." It was added that the native was " a
well-known man who died some years ago at a ripe old age."
This delineation is now appended.

Delineation

The horoscope from which the following judgment has been

drawn was sent to me without date or place of birth, with the remark
that I should say something about the career, etc. As to whether the
identity is to be revealed or not I have no knowledge, but this I may
say, it is not easy to judge any man's periods of success or fame
without knowing the time, latitude and longitude of birth in order
that the angles may be directed to the planetary positions at the
nativity.
However, making judgment from the map of the nativity alone,
any student of Astrology would pronounce a rising fame and fortune
from Libra ascending, and Venus as ruling planet, in the house of
Jupiter and in trine aspect to that planet in the fiery triplicity. A
child born with this type of nativity would be destined to rise in life,
have an eventful career, and pass from the physical world with a name
that would long be honoured and respected.
The combination of fixed and cardinal signs always denotes
ambition allied to grit and determination, and the elevation of Jupiter
over all the planets points to a moral character that can bear the
strain of a satellitium of planets in Capricorn,—a severe test, especially
when the luminaries and Mercury have to withstand the individualising
processes of Saturn.
Fame and success would not come immediately to this individual.
He would have first to pass through the impulses of Mars, and many
 THE HOROSCOPE OF SIR ISAAC PITMAN 121
early mistakes would be made from which he would profit in after
years.
The conjunction of the progressed mid-heaven with Jupiter at
the age of puberty, is a good omen, as the Ego would then liberate a
considerable amount of force that would have a far-reaching effect in
after life; for the native was destined at birth, or rather before it, to
rise far beyond the environment into which he was born.
His natural bent would be toward a professional life, but in
Governmental positions, literary work and financing he could exercise
his practical abilities to great advantage.
There is a dualism shown in this native that does not come from
Venus in Sagittarius only, but through the strong contrast between
the planets in Capricorn and those in the other signs. The third
house denotes a literary talent far above the average, to which the
conjunction of Venus with Neptune might easily give an imagination
that would produce an exceptional writer of fiction ; it surely gave
the native inspiration, love of romance and intuition.
With the fixed and cardinal signs in evidence there is always a
fine blending of the ideal with the practical, the latter always turning
the ideals toward principUs and sentiment into philosophy:--
The improvement and expansion of the native's mind would
largely result from travel, exploration, and residence in foreign
countries, meeting with strange persons, etc., all tending to draw forth
the talent, wit and humour supposed to arise from the position ; it
also denotes that musical ability would find expression in dramatic
effort, etc.
All persons born with Mars close to the planet Uranus become
marked characters, and display a talent or genius for whatever line
of expression the Ego chooses that the soul shall live through. The
third house alone in this nativity denotes a grand intellect, diplomatic
and discreet in all its modes of expression.
The conjunction of Mercury and Saturn denotes a profound mind,
full of deep andthoughtful ideas, to which the general configuration of
the third house adds rather than detracts.

* Nott by the Sub-Editor.—Abundant evidence of the truth of this remark is

shown in the biography. The great feature of Pitman's Shorthand is the sound
philosophic principles upon which it is founded, and to these must be ascribed its
-success.
122 MODERN ASTROLOGY

A great ciiange would come into his life in his 15th year, he
would then leave home and take his life into his own hands to a
certain extent; at the age of 26 he came into a legacy and formed a
strong attachment; in his 42nd year he was filled with trouble and
passed through a severe crisis in his life when all things seemed to
fail him, be lost a relative at this time and suffered severely through
some unfortunate speculations. After this unfavourable period his
affairs began to improve and by his 37th year he was on the high
road to permanent success.
The nativity denotes the favour of Royalty, the possibility of
honours or titles in the latter half of his life, and a very successful end
to his career.
The close of his life was inclined to be ascetic or much con-
served, he had many powerful friends but was not in the strict sense
of the word a popular man, though capable of being very sociable and
decidedly patriotic.
This nativity could well be that of a great financier, or one whose
business abilities could be turned into a successful profession. Much
wealth would be acquired through speculation and a huge fortune
could be made by speculative investments.

It cannot be denied that the general truth of this delineation is

strikingly borne out by the facts of the native's life. What these are
in detail, it must be left to readers of the Life to examine; the
main facts, most people are acquainted with.
It will be seen, that had Samuel Pitman been aware of the
existence of Uranus and Neptune,* he might at least have been able
(supposing him to have possessed good astrological judgment) to fore-
tell, not only a distinguished but a unique career for his son Isaac.
Probably it is inadvertence on the part of the biographer that has led
him to cast the sentence quoted in such a form as to imply that the
astrologer is expected to have been able to foretell Sir Isaac's success
<?s au iuveitioy of slmihand. One could scarcely be expected to predict

" Of the former, perhaps he was. White's Ephtiiieris for 1813 gives the place
of Uranus or " The Georgian Planet," as it was then called. But its astrological
nature would be almost entirely a matter of conjecture at that time.
 THE HOROSCOPE OF SIR ISAAC PITMAN 123
success m a branch of industry that had hardly as yet made its
appearance, surely !
Of the general activity, fertility and originality of the mind,
enough has been raid in the foregoing delineation, but it is of interest
perhaps to point out the peculiar bearing of the nature of the third
house and the general planetary aspects on Sir Isaac's peculiar
claim to distinction,—which was the application of phonographic
principles to shorthand, the reduction thereof to a practicable system,
and the promulgation of this system as a national benefaction.
First, the lord of the ninth, Mercury, is in the third, showing
imagination applied to practical everyday uses; and hence, the
capacity to invent: Moon sextile Uranus, a brain capable of assimi-
lating progressive ideas and working upon them effectively. This all
shows the ability to become famous by some original invention.
Next, Sun, Moon and Mercury all in Capricorn, the former in close
conjunction with Saturn, show a love of the principle of economy for
ts own sakein the native's case it amounted to an ideal, as shown
by the Sun, lord of the nth (hopes and wishes) in conjunction with
Saturn in Capricorn. Thirdly, these are in the third house, the house
corresponding toGemini, so closely associated with speaking and writ-
ing. It would not be hard to deduce, from these three considerations,
the fact that a concentrated or condensed system of communication
would be the subject that would occupy his inventive powers. The
sextile of Sun and Mars is alone sufficient to ensure that this will take
some practical form: such a man could not but be a worker in the
everyday world of practical achievement.
There remains but the question, why should the especial feature
of his invention have been the application of phonography, or writing
by sound, to shorthand ? The answer is perhaps to be sought in the
conjunction of the ruling planet Venus with Neptune, a planet which
is intimately associated with sound, as shown in the articles on
Neptune appearing in Chapter XI. of How to Judge a Nativity, Part II.
(Second Edition).
One more point. The two most important degrees, perhaps, in any
horoscope are those of the cusp of the Ascendant and the Ruling
Planet. Of the i8ih degree of Libra, " Charubel," in his useful

• A curious instance ol this innate love of economy is given on p. 49 of the Life.

 MODERN ASTROLOGV

Degrees of the Zodiac Symbolised, says: "Symbol: A man at a desk

writing all kinds of hands, from the largest to the most microscopic.
Denotes one who possesses some one special gift; a gift that is
allied to the artistic."* Of the gth degree of Sagittarius, he says:
" Symbol : A man standing on a platform and an audience in front.
A public man, a lecturer, a politician ; an orator in some line. It
also denotes a literary person, or one fond of literature." The signifi-
cance of this interpretation needs no enlarging upon, in view of the
well-known features of the native's life as the inventor of phonography
and an enthusiastic champion of spelling reform, on behalf of which
subjects he delivered innumerable lectures and addresses all over the
kingdom as well as abroad.

PARTICULARS OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12

There is a certain novelty about this Competition, inasmuch as not even
the Sub-Editor, who has charge of the Competitions, knows the identity of the
" subject." This means, in other words, that no one connected with Modern
Astrology knows who he is; the data of birth having been communicated by
a friend of the native, to whom the delineations are to be sent, and who will
forward them to him. He is not, we are informed, a believer in Astrology;
and we therefore trust competitors will be "on their mettle," and do their
best, as this is a fine opportunity to show what they can achieve.
The native is a male, whether married or not we are not told, and the
horoscope stands as follows:
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
T26.32 115 c!i4 .a 14.9 1512 up 25
Planets
ly vn
4624.9 ni.43 4529.3 1116.36 021.41 itpis^i 11122.14^. KI2.7I}. »9.26R T7.50
The delineations in this Competition must be received at this office, 42,
Imperial Buildings, London, E.G., on or before May 31ST. For conditions,
prizes, etc., see Modern Astrology for January, 1909, p. 42.
\Ve hope to print the result of Competition No. 10 next month. We
may remind readers that the last day for receivingdelineations in Competition
No. 11 is March 31st.

* " In his early life Isaac Pitman had a great fondness for minute writing, but
the 'Penny Plate' surpassed his pen-and-ink efforts in this direction
Although it fa former effort] is closely written, there is considerably less matter in
this manuscript presentation of the second edition than Isaac Pitman a few months
.later managed to pack into a space of 6Jin. by Sin. on the' Penny Plate' " (pp. 50,51).
 125

®be JFcunbationa of ^ bp teal JUirologg

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The [Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city lieth fonnquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the West three gates. A nd the wall
of the city had twelve foundations. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
. . . And he measured the wall thereof , . . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . . like unto clear glass. . , , the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev. xxi. 13-18.

Part IV.—The Earth's Astronomical Mass and Electrical Mass

Compared; the Ratio between them and the
Conclusions to be drawn from it.

(147) It will be of interest at this point to ascertain the value of

the electrical mass of the earth and compare it with the astronomical
mass. This we can do by means of equation {113)
m = nr
the value of the constant» being given in {114) The earth's radius
in centimetres being
r s= 6'3J»i x io" (131) 8-804 2062-
we have therefore for the earth's electrical mass
m = 5-4465 x 10" (132) 27*736 1203.
The earth's astronomical mass as given in S (6) is
M = 5-9868 x sd" (,133) 2777719s
The ratio between these two masses is
M 5-9868 x io"
IB = rf = 20992
5-4465 X 10" (134) •0410756
 MODERN ASTROLOGV

From which it will be seen that the astronomical mass is about

10% greater than the electrical mass.
If now we refer to (84) equation (81) wc shall find that the
etheric density /a obtained from our theoretical equations was also 10%
greater than the value obtained from J. J. Thomson's formula; and
in § (92) we explained this discrepancy by concluding that the
theoretical value of was the surface value, whilst the other v/as the
mean value. Since from (82) the etheric pressure /q and the density
ft vary together the etheric pressure at the surface of the earth,
which we may represent by L-q, will be also 10% greater than the
mean pressure k.
From equation (100) the earth's astronomical mass
.V = yl0 ^ Gia (;J5)
whilst from (105) the electrical mass
vi = ^0 ** c1 C-Jfi)
Again, from (-#5)
16 iri = A,
whilst from (104)
16 tj G* = h
hence
i6TaGia _ G,4 _ Ag tin\
iO ^ G' G* h '
Similarly from (135) and (136)
M _ /}« r4 Gia _ G,8 _ Ag /1.1 S)
m ~ Jo f'Gi "IP " A' 1
'
Equation (138) therefore explains why the astroNdMieAi,
MASS IS GREATER THAN THE ELECTRICAL MASS. BECAUSE ft, IS
GREATER THAN THE MEAN VALUE FOR THE EARTH A, Gi'IS ALSO GREATER
THAN THE MEAN VALUE Ga. If THE EXPERIMENTS FOR OBTAINING THE
VALUE" OF G, WERE CONDUCTED, NOT AT THE EARTH'S SURFACE, BUT
DOWN IN THE INTERIOR OF THE EARTH WHERE THE ETHERIC PKESSUKK
IS AT ITS MEAN VALUE ft, THEN THE GRAVITATIONAL CONSTANT WOULD
NOT BE G,a BUT Ga, AND THE ASTRONOMICAL MASS WOULD N'OT UK M
but ut; that is, it would agree exactly with the elect ideal mass. Now it
WILL HE EVIDENT THAT THE PROPER FACTOR FOR ASCERTAINING THE
earth's true mass is the mean value Ga, and not the surface
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 127
value Gi so that tht vtal mass of the eavth is identical with the electrical
mass, and the astronomical mass is fictitious, and 10% too large.
This error is therefore due to physicists being obliged to
CONDUCT THEIR EXPERIMENTS AT THE EARTH'S SURFACE, AND TO
the false assumption that the value there ascertained is constant
FOR THE WHOLE UNIVERSE.
On the same grounds we may say that the astronomical masses
M for the other heavenly bodies are equally fictitious and that the
true masses are the electrical masses m as given in the table in §(143).
We shall therefore in all cases in our equations involving the masses
of the heavenly bodies use the electrical masses 111 and discard as
fictitious the astronomical masses M.
(To be conlinued)

M INK DISASTliRS

Tm: following u a list of tiie chief iniiic disasters during the last forty
years:—
Date of D/uUi
Dim stirs Ifotl
1906.—March io: Courierres Disaster, France 1095
1905.—July 11: Wattslown Colliery, Uhondda Valley ng
1905.—Jnne 30: Explosion and Fires at Hanna, Wyoming 175
1902.—May 19: Fraterville, Tennessee ... over zoo
1902.— May 23; Crow's Nest Pass, Fernie, B.C. 130
1902.—July 10: Rolling Mill, Pennsylvania 105
1901.—May 24: Universal Colliery, Caerphilly 3i
1894,—June 23: Albian Colliery, near Pontypridd ... 2Sfi
1893.—April 11 : Great Wesiern Colliery, Pontypridd 61
1893.—Inly 4: Combs Colliery, Thornhill, near Dewsbury 139
1892.—March n ; Anverlues Colliery, Belgium ... 153
1892.— August 16: Park Ship, near Bridgend 116
1891.—December 6: St. Efienne. France 73
1890.—April 30: Llanerch Colliery, Monmonth 176
1890.—July 29: Pelissicr Mine, St. Etieune 109
1889.—July 3: Verpilleux Mine, St. Elienne ... 184
1887.—May 4: Victoria Colliery, Nanaimo, V.I. ... 170
1885.—jnne 18: Clifton Hall, Pendlebury 177
1880.—July 15; Risca, Newport ... 120
1880.—September 8: Scaham, Durham 164
1880.—December 10: Pen-y-graig, S. Wales ... 101
1878.—Scptemberti: Ebbw Vale, near Newport 268
1877.—October 22; High Blantyre, near Glasgow ... 200
1866.—December 12: Oaks Colliery, near B'arnsley 388
 128

lEunfrane JUirologg; Sire Spring Quarter

The Sun enters the first point of Aries on the 21st March, igog,
at fib. 1301. ns. a.m. at London, when the Sun and Saturn will be
rising in Aries. This is an indication of power and vitality for the
country and the Government. It will be seen that the benefics,
Jupiter and Venus, are not prominent, being in the sixth and twelfth
houses, but that Mars, Saturn, and Uranus are all three prominent in
rather violent combinations. Therefore, in spite of the strength
indicated in the map, this is likely to manifest in rather a stormy
fashion. The country has to beware of enmity and hostile combina-
tions abroad, and the Government of serious and sudden disasters at
home. If the Sun were rising alone, this would be very fortunate, as
it would bring power and prosperity to the country and success in
imperial politics; but the presence of Saturn i n the ascendant,
although also a signification of power, threatens an unpopular and
autocratic use of it, enmity incurred and false friends. The following
are the data for the erection of the map:
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
1131.18 V320 =14 r3.II « 19 ni3
Planets
ro.o H 21.40 H5.3 X20.8 V516.53 11*7.215. rii.25 V3 20.33 ®I4-i9i5'
The conjunction of Uranus and Mars on the cusp of the eleventh
house, the latter planet in square to Saturn, is a very violent com-
bination. Political feeling will run even higher than usual; riots and
violence will be heard of, and the effects be felt even in Parliament.
The deaths of some eminent Members of Parliament will occur and of
highly-placed people in the country. Some deaths as the result of
violence are to be feared. Not much useful legislation is to be
expected ; the Government will run a serious risk of being defeated
and an appeal to the country may be contemplated.
Hospitals and charitable institutions will benefit through'the-
presence of Venus in the twelfth ; but as Mercury is also there|afflicted,
some fraud or irregularity in the management of these places or of
prisons may be brought to light. Theatres and places of amusement
 MUNDANE ASTROLOGY

will suffer from the presence of Neptune heavily afflicted upon the
cusp of the fifth house.
The presence of Mars and Uranus in Capricorn is unfortunate
for India, and disturbances and outrages are likely to continue in that
country and others governed by the sign. The presence of Jupiter in
Virgo has already brought beneficial reforms for Turkey, but the
planet is too weak and too much afflicted to do much good in this
map. England and Germany both suffer politically from the presence
of Saturn jn Aries, and things cannot go very smoothly again until
the planet has left that sign. The conjunction of Mars and Uranus
takes place near the'eusp of the seventh house in the horoscope of the
German Emperor, and he is likely to meet withtroublein consequence.
In Central and Eastern Europe, Mars and Uranus will be in the
mid-heaven. The deaths of highly placed people will occur; some
monarch or prime minister will die; riots, outrages and deaths by
violence will occur ; a very warlike feeling will be abroad, and war
itself may very likely occur.
At Washington the latter part of Sagittarius rises. Saturn on
the cusp of the fourth house threatens accidents in mines, the fall of
buildings, and cold and stormy weather. Venus in the third house
will benefit railways. Mars and Uranus in the ascendant indicate
murders and outrages, much discontent in the land, political and
otherwise ; and with Neptune in the seventh house foreign affairs will
not go smoothly.
H. S. G.

The Great Earthsuake.—Mr. Arthur Mee writes in the English

Mechanic of January 8tli; ''Your readers may be interested in a prediction
of the great Sicilian earthquake made by Mr. Alfred J. Pearce, who is a
member of our own Society and of the British Astronomical Association,
and has for many years given special attention to seismic phenomena. Mr.
Pearce's forecast, published two months ago, is as follows :
' About the tenth degree of Hast longitude—in the North of Italy, Tunis,
Switzerland, and Wurtemburg, probably—underground troubies and shocks
of earthquake are threatened about the 25th to 30th December, 1908.'
"The calamitous convulsion occurred on December 28th, and within
300 miles of the area specified by Mr. Pearce."

A further note on Mundane Astrology will be found on p. 132.

All lovers of books have chums, and the pleasure of reading is to pass
this joy along to another.
 130

1909 a Remarkable (Centenary ^ear

The Daily Chronicle of 21/il'og, draws attention to the fact that

the present year will witness the Centenaries of no less than eleven
notable, nay great, men. They are: (1) Edgar Allan Poe, b.
Boston, U.S.A., 19/1/1809 ; (2) Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy, b.
Hamburg, 3/2/1809 ; (3) Abraham Lincoln, b. Hardin, Co. Kentucky,
U.S.A., 12/2/1809; (4) Charles Robert Darwin, b. Shrewsbury,
12/2/1809; (5) Frederic Francois Chopin, b. near Warsaw, Poland,
1/3/1809; (6) Edward Fitzgerald, the translator of Omar Khayyam,
b. Woodbridge, Suffolk, 31/3/1809; (7) John Stuart Blackie,
b. 29/7/1809; (8) Alexander W. Kinglake, the famous historian
of the Crimean War, b. 5/8/1809; (9) Alfred, Lord Tennyson,
b. 5/8/1809; (10) Oliver Wendell Holmes, the " Autocrat of the
Breakfast Table," b. Cambridge, Mass., U.S.A., 29/8/1809; (11)
William Ewart Gladstone, b. Liverpool, 29/12/1809.
A correspondent puts to us the very natural question : " What
are the especial astrological features during the year to account for
such a crop of distinguished men during one twelve month ? " In
order to assist the solution of this problem we give the planetary
positions at noon (G.M.T.) on the day of birth. The birth times of
only two of these great men are known, namely, W. E. Gladstone,
whose birth is stated to have taken place " about breakfast time "; and
Tennyson, whose ascendant is the twentieth degree of Gemini (see
" Charubel's " interpretation of this degree in The Degrees of the Zodiac
Symbolised; , . . "A very noted degree. . . .No ordinary
person, he or she will rise to eminence.")*
On looking at these positions there does not seem to be any
special common feature which attracts one's notice. Nor if one
looks farther afield are results very satisfying. The positions at the

'' In this connection it is interesting to note that in Alice Rushton's Autographs

and Birthdays of Eminent Persons. Tennyson's and Blackie's birthdays are given as
August 5th and July 28th respectively. Now Tennyson, as we see. was born near
midnight—i.e., in the early morning of the 6th : and this suggests that Blackie may
have been born at about the same time of day.
 IQOg A REMARKABLE CENTENARY YEAR 131
Winter Solstice (1808) and the Spring Equinox do not seem to pro-
vide any adequate explanation. In the latter case, it is true, there
was the conjunction of the Sun and Jupiter in the first degree of Aries.
But this affords no explanation of the careers of Poe, Darwin and
Lincoln, who were born before that date. Besides, such a position
would be reproduced approximately after a lapse of twelve years (in
1821), but one does not recall such a remarkable list of great men
born during that year. One is therefore tempted to go further and
search in a more speculative direction.
It may be remembered thai •n p. 467 of last volume, a writer
draws attention to the position of the hypothetical Ultra-Neptunian
planet Isis in the horoscopes of certain great men. And curiosity
tempted us to observe its position here, which by calculating back
(at the rate of a degree for a year) from its place ^in 1906, namely
To^g', we find to be ?240 approximately. Now it seems certainly
Q D * t f Tt % W i(in
(/) VJ29.6 K 13.4 VJ29.4 K 9-25 ^18.43 X16.56 7 1.36 11 9.24 26.10 m 8.1
(2) =14,20 11520,29 =25.14 M27.5 4,23.26 *20.5 2 2.41 14 g.37 26.30 "I 7.23
(8) (2) =23.26 H2C.46 K 10.17 T 7 27 ,5=25.29 K22.u 2 3.10 m 9,40 2 6.39 'il 6.55
(5) XJ0.33 "s 2.4 H 17.431^ T26.15 &27.i4St. ><26.4 2 3.44 ill S.szff- 26.50St.111 6.1
(6) rio.22 i 8.28 K 12,380. 825.10 =5=21.5511. T 3.17 2 3.36II 111 8.45^ 26.43^ III 4,26
(7) 21 5.52 XJ0.6 5510,41 £120.17 m 1-50 T24.29 11127.13I?. m 5.40D. 24-811, =5=28.5
wj 2112.34 n 7.26 ®24.20 n26.56 in 5.43 T24.46 11127.J4 "I 5.48 24.6!^ ^17.42
(91 fl.13.31 n 19.16 5525.57 d27.54 "> 6.17 t24.48 11127.14 'a 5.49 24.6^ ^27.39
170) 151 5.40 T27.12 m 9.32 5521.53 11120.12 T24.34g. 1427.52 14 6,27 2 4 6D. 5=26,26
(77) Vj 7.27 -5= 2.4 V3 6.45 219.8 =1939 T15.36D. 2 9.54 "II3.II 27.40 i2:I9.59
a curious coincidence that in every case in the .above positions there
is to be found some planet in close aspect to this point, although in
certain instances the aspect is no stronger than the quincunx,—the
exception being Gladstone ; for even Poe has Uranus in semisquare
to this point.
Whether this is more than a mere coincidence cannot, of course,
be more than a matter of conjecture ; and even if so, it does not seem
clear why such a state of things should occur only when the planet
Isis occupies this one particular degree, £24°. But while in this
speculative vein attention may be drawn to another point.
There is one star in the heavens the declination of which is such
that at culmination it occupies exactly the zenith of the greatest
city in the world, London. This star is y Draconis, and its zodiacal
position in rgoo was about f 26° and therefore in 1809 would be about
Now it is perhaps not insignificant that in November, 1808,
132 MOnr.RN ASTROT.OGY

a New Moon occurred in J 25J0, so that y Draconis, Isis, the Sun and
Moon would then all be in conjunction. This phenomenon would
occur during the prenatal period of all those mentioned in the list,
except only Nos. 10 and n.
Whether any importance is to be attached to this or not, it
seems worth while to point out the circumstance for the benefit of
investigators ; and for the rest, if any student has any suggestions to
offer we hope he will communicate them.

Re Mundane Astrology. " Isis" writes as follows ;

. "I have been looking at the figure for the Spring Quarter (6.13 a.m.,
G.M.T., ai/a/'og), and apart from its generally remarkable features I am
struck by the fact that the Ultra-Neptunian planet 'Isis,' which during the
current year will occupy the fourth degree of Aries, is in conjunction with
the Sun and exactly on the ascendant of this map. As I have said in a
paper which you were good enough to print, [see pp. 464-470 of last volume] I
have come to certain tentative conclusions regarding the astrological nature
of this planet,—the existence of which I am becoming convinced of,—and if
1 am right the present year should prove a very remarkable one, since the
opposition of ' Isis' and ' Osiris ' (which will be complete about j uly, 1909)
occupies the cusps of the first and seventh bouses in this map; and
consequently the effects should be prominent in some way.
"Reasoning upon the analogy of J) g © (Full Moon), one would expect
the influence of ' Isis' to approach its maximum during the presentyear,
and this influence I have stated to be, in my opinion, ' Duality.' This I
expect to manifest itself in the form of internal disunion—dissension and
disaffection of all kinds, sedition, etc.. etc.—both in nations and in races,
also in all great world-wide movements (such as the and Societies,
etc.). This, I think, will be its outer or exoteric manifestation.
" There will however be other directions and more beneficent ones, I
believe, in which this influence will be shown; but not wishing to occupy
too much of your space should you think well to print this I will content
myself with merely indicating the particular movements, inventions, etc., in
the histories of which I expect the present year to mark a definite turning
point or climacterial period :—woman's sufirage and emancipation generally:
anti-vivisection: gyroscopic railways and steamships: bee-keeping and
apiarian discoveries : Egyptology: aerial navigation (?): the " missing link "
(?): radium : X-rays : bermaphroditism: diamond manufacture : alchemy (?):
" Christian Science" : a definite contcstbetwcen the spiritual and materialistic
views of life,—what form this latter will take I cannot forecast.
"Since I determined to write to you on this subject I learn of the
founding of a Radium Institute, also of a proposed Anti-Vivisection Congress.
These facts seem somewhat confirmative of the ideas I have formed.
" P.S.—Since writing the above I have been to see Mr. Jerome's play,
' The Passing of the Third Floor Back,' and I should like to adduce this
soul-striking play—which every visitor to London should make a point of
seeing—as an instance of the' more beneficent ones'spoken of above. It may
be not without interest to add that Mr. Jerome, the author, has 0 ci ]) Q
'Isis' at birth; (2/5/'59: 0««2, D86. SfTay, S T4. <J 115,^1122, 1?S(,6,
$n2r ^K26, 'Isis' ™ 14: the positions in M.A. IV., 91, are erroneously
given for 5/5/'59 instead of a/s/'sg)."
——Perhaps other students will contribute their views ?
 %\]t digits of iljs ^obiac ^ualjiseb

By Isabelle M. Pagan

[Authoy's Copyright]

SAGITTARIUS
{Concluded from p, 82)

In religious matters, the Sagittarian is very often something of a

sceptic, because his activity of mind compels him to examine and
reason upon the faith that is in him ; and if the teaching provided by
his race and environment is illogical and unsatisfactory, he cannot
help seeing its fallacies and shortcomings, and is generally very out-
spoken in pointing them out. At this juncture,however, his practical
common sense frequently comes to his aid, reminding him.that.no
system of theology devised by the mind of man is likely to represent
accurately and adequately the whole truth about the nature of Deity,
and that some sort of working hypothesis is nevertheless necessary.
Selecting and accepting certain premises as foregone conclusions, he
may succeed in silencing his own doubts, and in arguing both himself
and others into a fairly orthodox position, after the fashion of Bishop
Blougram in Browning's well-known poem; and many men of this type
make excellent clergymen—breezy, unconventional and energetic, and
usually much beloved by their flock, in whose mental, moral and
physical welfare they take a keen and almost gossipy interest. They
often take an active part in movements for the better housing of the
poor, country holiday funds, open-air spaces, etc., and throw themselves
heart and soul into the recreations of the country side; sometimes,
indeed, spending too much energy in that direction. The sporting
parson of a bygone day, who rode straight to hounds, must have belonged
to this type. Their ministrations are always free from any touch of
Pharisaism or snobbery; and they may even, at times, scandalise the
aggressively righteous members of their congrega tion by their sympathy
for sinners and tenderness in dealing with them ; for the true Sagit-
134 MODERN ASTROLOGV

tarian realises that all crime is the outcome of ignorance, and he is

consequently far more eager to enlighten than to chastise.
Among the unceasing, ever-varying creative energies of the
mental plane we find a marvellous range of activities that go to the
building and moulding of what are sometimes called thought forms>
i.e., the shapes or designs moulded by mental vibrations out of the
subtle matter—mind stuff—on which all such vibrations act. The
dream of the sculptor appears in the thought world, white and
glorious, long before his chisel shapes it in the marble. The drama
of the playwright is acted there, long before the manuscript is ready
to be submitted to the manager. All our dreams, ideals and aspira-
tions are at home on this higher plane, and consequently Prayers are
said by Homer—very beautifully—to be " the children of Zeus."
Therefore Prayer in its most familiar guise—the simple childlike de-
mand for daily bread and other boons—is the form of religious expres-
sion most natural to this type. " Ask and it shall be given you," is its
motto; and when fully developed, the Sagittarian realises the
tremendous responsibility involved in the fact that " Everyone that
asketh receiveth," and learns to take heed how and what he asks.
All really advanced souls, capable of strong concentration and clear
and definite purpose, are familiar with the experience of having their
wishes and aspirations—even when not sifted and hallowed by being
cast in the form of prayer—literally and suddenly fulfilled; and many
of them have had to acknowledge that had they foreseen the manner
of such fulfilment, their demand would have been less insistent, or
guarded by the graces of patience and humility expressed in the
memorable " Not my will, but Thine be done " of the Master; but
fortunately for us, our own restless cravings and shifting ideals often
prevent the crystallisation and consequent fulfilment of the desires
which chase each other in contradictory succession through our
half-developed minds, hindering progress by an endless process of
cancelling; and, luckily for us, ending in smoke. It is only the single-
minded and simple-hearted—those of an absolutely child-like trust in
God that can ask in faith "nothing wavering," and receive the promised
reward ; whereas " He that wavereth is like a wave of the sea, driven
of the wind and tossed ; " and " Let not that man think that he shall
receive anything of the Lord.":::
* James i. 0 and 7.
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED 135
Whatever is highest and best in the teaching of mental scientists,
Christian scientists and others of similar tenets, is to be classed as to
some extent belonging to the field of Sagittarian activity; and it is
well that our attention should be called to the subject at the present
day. The absurd ignorance and incoherence* of some of the exponents
of these systems ought not to blind us to what is valuable in them;
namely, the resolute turning of the mind away from morbid, depress-
ing and unhealthy thoughts; and the whole-hearted directing of our
energies towards a right understanding of the Divine Mind and our
own filial connection therewith.
The Sagittarian's love of argument, and enjoyment of active en-
counters with antagonistic thought, leads him to make free use
of dialogue form when he turns to literary expression, and not in-
frequently sends his energies in the direction of drama. His handi-
caps in that field spring from his mentality. He exalts mind and its
activities to such an extent that the physical plane escapes his atten-
tion at times, and though his personages may be intensely interesting,
his plot usually leaves much to be desired, and the action is out of all
proportion to the length of the speeches. There is also a tendency to
discursive and tangential talk, and the needless and heedless introduc-
tion of extraneous matter—possibly very entertaining, for the Sagit-
tarian never lacks humour—but too unexpected to be harmonious or
artistic. A congenial field of activity is also found in writing books
of travel, which generally make very pleasant reading; for the sons of
Jupiter are keen observers of the ways and doings of their fellow-men
and though very outspoken in their criticism are rarely harsh or con-
temptuous in expression. Unfortunately few famous specimens have
been accurately recorded so far; but the characteristics of the type
are so unmistakable, and so easily recognised, that any astrologer
personally acquainted with a dozen well-developed specimens can
point their brethren out in history and literature with a fair amount of
confidence.! Andthe first name that presents itself is, naturally, the
° The misguided enthusiasts who travesty the teachingare generally Geminians;
a fact betrayed by their ceaseless iteration of the Grst personal pronoun, and con-
stant dwelling on their own personal experiences and achievements. Their activity
is intellectual, not mental, and they have failed to grasp the essence of the truth
they try to explain, and represent themselves as ruling the Deity, instead of
obeying His laws.
t It is necessary, when classifying by characteristics alone, to guard against
a certain surface similarity between Sagittarians and Geminians n/irn both an highly
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

sage of sages,—Socrates. Everything recorded of him proclaims the

Sagittarian; his conversational method of learning and teaching;
his mental activity, his utter lack of pose and readiness to consort
with all sorts and conditions of men ; his warfare against ignorance
and self-satisfaction; his uncompromising attitude and defiance of
public opinion ; the geniality which endeared him to his friends, and
made him ever a welcome guest at other men's tables; the quaint
homeliness of his similes and illustrations, condemned as inelegant and
uncouth by the fastidious scholars of the day; his indifference to
family life, and startling theories about marriage; and last, but not
least, his own blunder in selecting a mate,—a terrible warning truly !
—for this great philosopher, one of the wisest men this world has ever
seen, called upon logic instead of love to send him a wife ; and, cold
and pitiless, it responded by giving him—Xantippe. No doubt, when
he chose her she was everything that reason could approve, but in
all the intangible essential ways that really count, the marriage was a
hopeless misfit. Who can measure the ineffable scorn with which
the high-spirited and probably ambitious woman must have looked
down upon the ugly, undignified little husband who spent his idle
days in what must have seemed to her profitless and unremunerative
chatter among men with whom she had no ideas in common, and
women for whom she had no respect ? She cleaned his house for him
all the same ; but when she had finished—unless tradition belie her—
she emptied her slop-pail over his head.
A brighter picture comes before us in the life-story of another
great son of Jupiter (?), the poet-philosopher, Robert Browning, whose
works show the defects as well as the qualities of Sagittarian style—
homely ruggedness and lack of finish, along with exceptional vigour
and vitality. He was first attracted to his wife on the mental plane—
through her books; and proposed to her after one interview, the
temperaments having proved congenial. Possibly only a Sagittarian
could have carried such a love affair through to a successful issue;

developed. The writer has erred more than once, confusing the two: but there is a
difference between the man of mind and the man of intellect; and in all the primitive
stages the two have little in common excepting physical restlessness. Rebellion is
very like lawlessness, and an irrepressible temperament closely resembles an
excitable one: but they are not identical. Geminiansare rarelyor never sportsmen
—often positively disliking sport; andSagittarians, though they may be fairly versa-
tile. are seldom variable, hysterical or nervous. By their faults ye shall know
them ; but discrimination is necessary.
 THE SIGNS OF THE 20DtAC ANALYSED 137
for the bridegroom had need of vitality enough for two. Elizabeth
Barrett was not only some years his senior, but a bedridden invalid
besides: and so could not " reasonably " be expected to make an
ideal wife. Yet, in defiance of logic, and in spite of all the inevitable
drawbacks—the displeasure of her father and the amazement of all
their friends—the two poets made of this madcap marriage a
triumphant success, and together lived a more exquisite poem than
any either ever wrote.
A sentence in the previous chapter called the attention of the
reader to the strong Scorpionian strain in the works of Henrik Ibsen.
It was not till after the passage went to press that the idea occurred to
the writer that the true explanation of that accentuation was probably
that the poet's yultr was in the sign, for his outward personality was
certainly not Scorpionian. He has Jupiter in Scorpio; consequently,
the deduction is that Sagittarius was rising, and a study of his life and
works—the latter in the original, if possible—will certainly confirm
the idea. The list of " probable " Sagittarians could be easily ex-
tended; but such guess-work, however stimulating to study, is
scarcely legitimate in a work of this kind, and space must be
found for a son of the sign whose hour is known aud who shows many
of its eccentricities and peculiarities in a very striking manner.
The poet Shelley was born with Sagittarius rising, unmodified by
any planet,* and gives us a notable example of how this " benign "
influence may handicap a man if its tendencies are carried to extremes.
Shelley was so utterly devoid of family feeling that he used to enter-
tain and horrify his school fellows by cursing his own father ; and so
incapable of understanding what the average Englishman means by
the marriage tie, that he invited the wife he had forsaken to join him
on a tour abroad along with the girl with whom he had eloped. A
very strong Leo accentuation smoothed out the Sagittarian " kinks "
.in many of his verses, but there are plenty of obscure and irregular
.passages in them, and his attitude of flat rebellion against the existing
order of things, and of scepticism in matters of dogma and doctrine
are extremely characteristic of the type when lop-sided. His active
.eAger mind was ready to contest and argue every ppint, and in spite

* His ruler, Jupiter, is sextile to his rising degree and in conjunction with
Mars, in the house of religion, law and philosophy.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

of his interesting personality, wonderful gifts, and many admirable

qualities, he was a most fatiguing member of the home circle both
during his boyhood and after his marriage.
Manifesting physically Sagittarius generally gives a well-shaped
head, breadth of forehead, a frank and open countenance, quick move-
ments and an inclination to vigorous gesture—expressive, but some-
times far from graceful. The eyes are generally blue or grey, bright
and observant, and often of the type that twinkles or dances with fun.
The eyebrows are clearly marked, the nose usually well formed, but
sometimes insignificant in the plainer specimens. The hair is tradition-
ally chestnut; but the writer has seen every variety in Scotland, from
rich dark brown to sunny blond. The women usually have masses of
it, but it has a tendency to fall out early, and many of the men are
bald. The ideal Jupiterian model is the grand old marble Jove in the
Vatican ; and the type at its plainest is seen in the bust of Socrates.
Shelley* was of the snub-nosed variety, and lacked the self-control
and personal dignity which characterises the properly balanced speci-
mens, and prevents their originality from degenerating into mere
eccentricity. Many of this type are short, broad-shouldered and rather
thick set, growing positively fat in old age; but others are tall and
athletic, and somewhat commanding in stature and bearing, though
much too genial to be terrifying, except, at times, to evil-doers. As
is the case with most of the signs, the primitives are more easily
recognised than their elder brethren,—though the accentuated types
also declare themselves clearly, even when well advanced in evolution.
They are generally extremely restless—absolutely unable to sit still or
remain in the same posture for five minutes together, even on a public
platform; and their disregard of convention, bright self-confidence, and
readiness to come to the front on every occasion, makes them con-
spicuous wherever they are, though in some cases this is held in check
by an affliction which, so far as the writer is aware, has not been
recorded by other students; viz., a difficulty in speech, varying from
a slight hesitation, or interjected syllable, to a most lamentable
stammer. The Leonian is sometimes tongue-tied, and the Taurean
is inclined to drawl; but the Sagittarian is harder hit by his handicap

* His authentic portraits were mere amateur attempts and do not correspond
to the personal description given by those who knew him.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

ijfankness with which, she owns her love for Orlando to her cousin
and confidant, and the wilful waywardness which makes her disguise
it from him and .-play at indifference till the last possible moment.
Petruchio, in "The Taming of the Shrew," is a more primitive and
much less lovable specimen of the tribe; full of energy and of practical
common sense ; too full of vitality—and too thick-skinned—to object
to " ructions " in his own home, and well able to keep his head in a
tussle with a hot-tempered daughter of Aries. Had Katharine been
born under Scorpio, the story would have had a different ending, and
her light-hearted suitor would have found himself in a rueful plight—
under the domination of an iron will that his primitive starvation
methods would certainly have left absolutely untouched. Bottom
the weaver and Sancho Panza were also of this, brotherhood; and
belonging to a different stage of evolution, that prince of philosophers,
and prizeman among irrepressibles, the immortal Samuel Weller.
Caricatures of the type have been presented by Aristophanes in his
comedy of Tht Clouds, in which Socrates and his school are depicted
as engaged in serious argument over the measurements of the hind-
leg of a flea and its power of leaping ; by Mr. Rudyard Kipling in his
delightful description of the Elephant's* Child in the "Jnst So " Stories,
and—at a much more primitive stage—by Mr. George Grossmith in
his portrait of " The Noisy Johnnie" whose friends and relatives are
martyrised by his jovial theory,
" What's very bad form in other men,
Is very good form in me."

The Horoscope of the Supposed Leader of the Bengal Anarchists

who is now undergoing his Trial.—Mr. F. C. Dutt writes: " Mr. Aurobindo
Ghosc, a Graduate of the Oxford University, England, and the supposed
leader of the Bengal Anarchists, was bom near Calcutta on the 15th August,
1872, at about g.30 p.m. (reported, not verified):
"X. V^is, XI. asrii, XII. H13. !■ T2ii, II. 824. HI. nai;, © SI23,
SW. 5nKi6, Sujjii, <?ffi28, U SU4. ^ Sl3. W TaSI}..
"Mr. Ghose was arrested in July, 1908, waen $ was transitting the
radical M.C. He was a Professor of English literature and is recognised as
one of the best English scholars."

* An appropriate animal to choose. Ganesha, the God of Wisdom in India, has

an elephant's head ; chosen as the symbol of practical wisdom because.the hand—
the trunk—and brain are in close connection.
 THE SIGKS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED 139
than these others can be ; for he is generally far more burdened by
thoughts which he is willing and eager to express; and is often full
of good stories, which he knows exactly how to tell—if only his
treacherous and rebellious tongue will let him. In some cases, after
the stuttering stage is conquered, the little hesitation that remains
actually adds piquancy and point to the anecdote. A notable per-
centageof " specimens "collected,suffer from a nervous blink or twitch
of the eyelid ; and some of their most characteristic movements sug-
gest the shying of a restive horse. Other students declare that many
Sagittarians actually look like their beloved equine friends, facially;
but the writer has failed to note any animal traits in her specimens;
excepting the ears of the more pugnacious among them, which are
often of the elephantine variety; resembling those of the American
humorist, who found his ears very convenient when camping out, as
" he could sleep on one, and cover himself with the other."
The country traditionally associated with the influence of Sagit-
tarius is Spain ; and Spaniards certainly have much of the Sagittarian
pride and independence, as well as something of its sunshine.and
buoyancy in them. They are often keen mountaineers, good shots,
and excellent horsemen, and though it is curious, at first sight, to find
the bull-fight preferred as a national pastime by a people under so
genial a sign, sport is never really merciful, and the Archer is always
inclined to enjoy a successful hit, on all the planes.. An intense
interest in religion and devout belief in the efficacy of prayer charac-
terises a large percentage of the people; while those whose minds are
dissatisfied with the ceremonial and theology offered to them are not
indifferent, but keenly sceptical, militant in argument and debate.
This type occurs very frequently in literature, and Shakespeare
gives us specimens at all stages of development, among them two
delightful characters—who will "still be talking" though
" nobody marks" him; and Rosalind, whose candid admission " When
I think I must speak," betrays the same tendency. The former's
diatribes against marriage are particularly characteristic, and his list
of the virtues and graces he personally intends to exact in a wife has
been echoed, time and again, by his astrological brethren ;—most of
whom, however, have had to content themselves with somewhat
less of a paragon when the time came. The characteristically Sagit-
tarian touches about liosalind are her buoyancy and playfulness; the
 141

ifcbteius

\The space available being exceedingly limited a long time has often to
elapse before Reviews can appear and we must ask anthers and publishers to
forgive this unavoidable delay; they are reminded that books not dealing with
Astrology or alliedsubjectsbnt with psychism, etc., are rather outside our sphere,
and that we cannot, consequently, always undertake to review them.—Ed.]
The New Word. By Allen Upward, Corresponding Member,
of the Parnassus Philological Society, Athens. New Edition. {London;
A. C. F(field. Large Crown 8vo, cloth, pp. 317 ; 5s. net,post free, 5s. 4/f.)
The early appearance of the Second Edition affords an oppor-
tunity for a more adequate review of the book than was possible in the.
short notice of the First Edition given on p. 192 of our issue foir'
April, 1908. '
The book is " an Open Letter addressed to the Swedish Academy in
Stockholm, on the meaning of the word IDEALIST." As everybody
knows, ' open letters'are not always interesting, and in any case a
volume of 317 pages devoted to the consideration of a single word
does not sound promising. And yet it would be difficult to conceive
a greater treat for anyone of an active, critical, and withal reflective
mind, than the reading of this book.
The present writer can heartily echo the words of Mr. William.
Archer in The Morning Leader, who in reviewing the original anonymous
edition said; As 1 turn over the leaves and re-read the passages Ij
have marked, I utterly despair of conveying within my appointed
limits [a whole column of the Leader by the way !] any inkling of the
author's fertility of thought and illustration.
Still more, then, does he despair of doingjustice to the conclusions
reached by any brief summary. And therefore he avails himself with
gratitude of the following paragraphs from Light, of December 19th,
1908:
"That remarkably original book, The New Word, which we re-
viewed on p. 160 of Light, has met with so hearty a reception from
those who long to escape from the thraldom of scientific jargon, that
it has been republished by Mr. A. C. Fifield with the author's name
attached. It is by Mr. Allen Upward, barrister, novelist, inter-
national politician and—idealist. As our readers will remember, the
' new word ' is Idealism, and after tracking this protean and elusive
conception through all the sciences and philosophies, he runs it down
at last and finds that it means hope. There is a wealth of learning in
the book, yet it is brought into a form that can be understood by the
author's persistent habit of. translating * Mediterranean' words into
plain English, and turning them over and over to see what they
mean.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

" As scientific men have reduced matter to atoms, and atoms to

the play of forces in and through electrons, so Mr. Upward reduces
all activity to the interaction between the Strength Within, which is
Soul, and the Strength Without, which is God, otherwise called the
Man Inside and the Man Outside ; and he says : ' We are not made,
we are makers. We help to make Life; the Man Outside calls us to
help him, calls to us in a thousand voices to partake the glorious toil
of creation, to strike blow for blow upon the anvil, and forge the
crown we are to wear.' Of the Nobel Prize for ' a work of an idealist
tendency,' he says ; ' I read this great bequest as a bequest to Hope,
to the highest Hope, and to the interpretation of that Hope. I read
it as a prayer for Light, and as an appeal from the darkness to the
Light.' We think that this book amply deserves the Nobel Prize for
' the most distinguished work of an idealist tendency.' "
This is perhaps as good an epitomisation as could be devised.
But it gives small hint of the wealth of suggestive and stimulat-
ing thought which forms the roadway by which that conclusion is
reached. As Mr. Mead said in his panegyric (this is not too strong a
word) in the Theosopkical Review for January, 1908 : We could go on
quoting him with pleasure for pages.
By way of example of the author's profoundness of insight, we
will take our text from the paragraph above quoted from Light, with
apologies for correcting the writer. The " new word" is ' not
' Idealism,' but—" Idealist" (used as an adjective). This may seem
a trifling difference perhaps; but is it ? Listen to our author (p. 57).
The word ideal first appears in English as au adjective. The added I
has much the same force in Greek and English, the force of -ly or like, the
Swedish lik. It is hard not to see in this a connection with look, such as
that between idea and ido. English philosophy, however, speaking by the
latest of its interpreters, traces it to the old English lie, meaning a body, like
the Swedish lik (corpse). If that were so, the ideal would be again the
embodied idea, in short the idol. It would be the house and not the castle
in the air.
Of course it is not so. It puts the cart before the horse. Philology has
made its favourite mistake of thinking the noun is older than the adjective.
[Italics ours.1 The name of an outward shape is never the first form of
any word, unless it be a word like cuckoo, or the French word teuf-teuf. We
must dig deeper. When we come down to such a word as lick, the Swedish
slika, the very sound of the tongue in licking, we cannot go much farther;
and we may be sure we have got to the root of the word, and all words
springing out of it. We do not need to look in Beowulf or the Saxon Chronicle
for the meaning of such a word. English philology has gone blind through
too much poring over manuscripts. The Old English manuscripts that have come
down to us are few, and they are not very old. There are more fish in the sea than
in the fisherman's net. [Italics ours again.]
This passage serves well for a quotation, since the last italicised
portion conveys a useful lesson for us astrologers. Are there not
some amongst us who have gone blind through too much poring over
Ptolemy ?
It also serves well because it conveys a very good notion of the
 REVIEWS
way the author sets to work to examine words, as well as other
things. He goes to the vool: and he finds, as all must, that the root
ever has its source in Life.
Some writer has said that the three airy signs all ask questions :
Gemini why ? Libra whence ? and Aquarius what? It may be re-
membered that the author of The New Woyd is born under the latter of
these signs, Aquarius ^ and that he has his two rulers Saturn and
Uranus respectively in Libra and Gemini. He ought therefore to
be the right man to question, and to obtain answers to his questions.
The quotation just given receives proof of its correctness in rather
a remarkable way. By " one of those Rhymes which the seeing eye
sees everywhere," as the author himself would say, the First Edition
of this book had on the leaf succeeding the title-page the word
" Idealist," in letters large enough to catch the eye : the reader's first
impression was therefore that the New Word was Idealist, and the
second page of the first chapter showed him that this word was being
used in its adjectival sense. The New Edition, however, appears
with a loose-paper cover on which the word " Idealism " appears in
typebutslightlysmallerthanthetitle; the purchaser's first impression,
then, is that the New Word is Idealism.
Now it may safely be conjectured that the interpolation of the
word " Idealism " on the cover-paper is a device of the publisher to
attract attention to, and interest in, the book: but that does not in
anyway affect theforce of the illustration;—For might he not as easily
have been led to select the word " idealist" ? Is not this a case,
then, of the Adjective being older than the Noun; and is it not
therefore a proof of the author's contention, an indication that such
is the natural course ?
Let us hope it will not be found that here, as in so many cases,
the noun has killed the adjective !f
No one will fail to sympathise with the wish of an author that
he may be remembered by his brightest work ; and all who read, and
understand, The New Word will endorse the opinion quoted above
that the author is by it entitled to the Nobel Prize. And yet it may
be respectfully suggested that perhaps it would have been better had
the New Edition remained anonymous. Surely Mr. Allen Upward
had no need of adding to his laurels? Whether the removal of
anonymity will increase or lessen its sphere of usefulness, time, of
course, alone can declare. But that istheonly really important matter.
For the Message is greater than the Messenger.
It is not necessary to agree with every individual opinion ex-
pressed by the author; thus there will be many who see a higher
purpose in the Egyptian pyramids than to serve as sepulchres, for
instance;—he very finely calls them " granite flames," but is the
word granite to prevail over the word flame, or vice versa ?

° See Modern Astrology for October. 1908, p. 456.

f Since this was written there has appeared a sales list in which the book is
advertised as The New Word, Idealism,—Is this fact altogether without significance?
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

It is not a book in which much picking and choosing is possible,

nevertheless. Singleness of aim, unity of thought, is its outstanding
feature ; and one must either accept or deny it as a whole ; one cannot
treat it like the curate's egg, as only good " in parts."
tfiiaaTo conclude. All people^vho have live minds will want not only
to read this book, but to make others read it. That is the only way,
they feel, by which they can properly express their gratitude to the
author,—whose name they will consider appropriate indeed; for does it
not mean Excelsior!
It may be added, for the sake of those who have seen the First
Edition, that this Second Edition is well bound, and in every way a
credit to the publisher, alike as regards paper, printing and get-up.
A. H. B.
Practical Astrologv, being a simple method of instruction in the
science of Astrology. By Alan Leo. London, Nichols &• Co., 3s. 6d.
This is a "new and revised edition of a book that has proved
useful to many readers in the past and that is likely to win many
more in the future. It is intended mainly for beginners, and is
written, in a simple style with full explanations of the processes
involved in casting a horoscope, and diagrams to help in the elucida-
tion of the philosophy of the subject. It combines the practical and
philosophical sides of Astrology very ably; and the student who learns
the science from this book will never make the mistake of supposing
that it consists of fortune telling and nothing more.
It is now thirteen years since the first version of this work ran
through Modern Astrology. It proved extremely popular at the
time, and more than one edition in book form has been published;
In its present form, amplified and rearranged, it is likely to be more
popular and useful than ever.
H. S. G.

Our readers will learn with regret of the death of " Charubel," author
of The Degrees of the Zodiac Symbolised, who passed peacefully away at
Manchester, at 11.40 p.m., November nth, igoS, at the great age of 8a
years, having been born on November gth, 1826. To most possessors of the
book referred to, '• Charubel " will seem like a personal friend, while to the
many to whom he was personally known, or known by letter, the sense of
loss will be even keener, and they may like to know that shortly before his
death a book of his entitled the Psychology of Botany was published, con-
sisting of a compendium of his earlier writings on the psychic qualities of
certain plants, minerals and precious stones (a review of this book will be
found in Modern Astrology, Vol. IV., p. 279). A further volume is in
contemplation.
The Nativity of " Charubel," with a delineation by our Editor, will be
found in the New Edition of How to Judge a Nativity, Part II., accompanied
by a biographical sketch from the pen of Mr. S. Barnett.
[Several Reviews are held over owing to want of space, also two or three
letttrs,—Ed.]
iHotrtrn

Vol. VI. APRIL, 1909. No. 4.

Kbw Skriis.

®b« (Editor's ©bssrbator^

The awakening interest in Astrology is due to the new method of

presentation, for which this magazine is mainly responsible. Until
the close of last century the professors of Astro-
B«hlnd the logy had no reasonable hypothesis to explain the
Horoscope
influence known to affect all beings. The in-
equalities found on every side could only be explained by reference to
the horoscope, and behind that horoscope no one appears to have
attempted any efficient search, judging by the books and publications
published prior to that period. For objective minds the horoscope,
representing the birth of any thing, person, thought, or enterprise,
would appear to be all-sufficient; the reflective mind, however, is not
satisfied with a mere knowledge of the things that come to birth on
thisplane of matter, but desires to get, as it were, behind the horoscope,
and seeks to know why those inequalities exist.
Speaking from my own personal experience it is no exaggeration
to say that all the astrologers I met at the commencement of my
astrological career were satisfied with the horoscope alone, and, as in the
case of many orthodox Christians, who appear satisfied with the
outward symbol alone, it was clear that the meanings of Hie symbols
found in the horoscope were not properly understood by them ; or, at
any rate, if they did understand them, they were at no pains to explain
them to their less enlightened brethren.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

It was not until the light of the Wisdom Religion gave illumina-
tion to ancient symbology that a few astrologers well known to
readers of this magazine, turning the rays of that
upon astrological symbols, were able to
penetrate behind the veil of the horoscope and
discover many valuable secrets, a few of which leak out from time to
time and give to Astrology a meaning that the science cannot afford
to do without if it is to be made a living thing and worthy of study by
those who seek to see physical things with spiritual eyes. As this
century rolls on these secrets will be more and more revealed, in such
a manner that all may read them and thereby know and understand
How and Why a man "reaps as he has sown."
v
*
The nativity of Sir Isaac Pitman, published in the last issue, is
an object lesson for all students of Astrology. The horoscope was
sent to me while I was in Bournemouth, engaged
i
"ia.r,"yne "PO" some special work and in consequence I
could only give a few moments' attention to the
delineation, which, having written, I dispatched to the office to be
typewritten, intending to look it over, and give the matter further
attention ; it was, however, sent to the sub-editor without my having
had any opportunity to revise my judgment. I am now glad that it
happened so, as it enables me to recall my first impression on seeing
the Nativity. The conjunction of the ruling planet Venus with
Neptune in the third house inclined me to think that the native was
some eminent literary person of extraordinary ability; to predict,
however, that it should take the form of a literary invention of such
a nature as shorthand, would occur to very few who relied upon a
scientific judgment only.
A *
In combating the many problems that were presented to my
mind as I went deeper into Astrology, I was always met with the
difficulty arising out of the non-knowledge of
t0
" ^T^hLngs " t^e Ego's real power behind the nativity This
led to an oft-repeated phrase that no one " lived
up to " his horoscope. A few grasped the meaning of the phrase,
the majority, however, failed to see that it had a meaning.
To live up to a normal horoscope of to-day it is necessary to
 THE editor's ORTRVATOKV

understand the vibrations that are classified under the planet Mars.
To develope supernormally is to live up to the finer vibrations that
fall under the dominion of the planet Saturn. To exhibit genius on
any given line, or to be free, original, and not bound by the ordinary
limitations of environment, mental and physical, is to come under the
more subtle influence of—to " live up to "—Uranus.
To the intuitive student this reflection at once opens up the idea
of Specialisation, so far as nativities are concerned, and explains the
mediocrity that one meets with on every side. For
t e most
SpMialiBation ^ oft-repeated question of an earnest student
is: "How can I tell how far the native has
evolved ?" It also accounts for the regret that there is so much
expressed in the horoscope that cannot be more fully realised.
It is quite enough for many to answer to the ascending sign alone,
and even then the very undeveloped only answer to sense impressions
received from without, responding from within accordingly. The
phrase " The Wise Man rules his Stars," has a much deeper signifi-
cance than many students imagine.
It may be taken as a fair working axiom that we are come
to this earth to, more or less, evolve our opposite. We live in a
world of opposites. We find our complement in
YOU and ME the descending sign. We achieve honour, fame
and social standing (tenth house) for the main-
tenance of home and domestic life (fouith house), and often a
profession or reputation in life is evolved out of the home environ-
ment. Taking the horoscope right round, the evolution of its
opposite is found essential for a full realisation of the nature of any
one house. In the same manner the complement of Mars is Venus,
of Saturn Jupiter, etc., etc. It is the one great eternal principle
for ever repeating itself; Masculine and Feminine, Positive and
Negative, the Self and the Not-Self.

The internal feminine is clothed in a masculine body for comple-

mentary experience, and the internal masculine is clothed in a gentle
and feminine exterior. The iron hand in the
The Sex silken 6glove. It is one of the great secrets of
Problem ^
Nature that the astrologer must learn, it is not
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
" occult," in the sense in which this word is used by certain " anti-
occult " astrologers, but it is a profound truth—that every individual,
until the " perfect marriage " takes place, is male and female in one,
the perfect blending of which reveals the Christ, the Mystic and the
Occultist. The most hardened and positive external natures have
their " soft spot" within, the most gentle and feminine natures
externally have their firm spot concealed. All more or less express
one side, often to the detriment of the other, until both are equally
blended and the gentle-man or the true woman is unfolded.
The opposition of Uranus and Neptune from feminine signs is
now affecting the female suffrage question, the negative, or feminine
element, being to the fore by the opposition. Neptune occupying the
essentially feminine sign Cancer. Extremes here come to a climax,
and a levelling up is the result. The females for centuries have
outnumbered the males. Watch for the reaction.
Jt
The solar aspects during the first half of the month are not
promising and unsettled weather will result, the latter half denoting
improvement. The first half will be cold and
Probable showery. Temperature rises about the roth,
weather for . , , , , , . .,, ,
April causing the close of the month to be mud and
seasonable. The weather will be fine and warm
from the 23rd to the aGth.

Our readers will be interested to know that Miss Isabelle M. Pagan's

clever series " The Signs of the Zodiac Analysed," which was concluded last
month, is shortly to be issued in book form. It is to be published by the
Theosophical Publishing Society, and will contain a Foreword and Conclusion
that will add not a little to the value of the book, as well as copious additions
to the three signs first treated, which were rather cursorily dealt with. We
look forward with pleasant anticipations to the appearance of this book,
which we think will have a wide sale and greatly help in spreading
astrological thought.
One or two subscribers have written to enquire why Pisces was omitted
from the Series, the tone of their letters suggesting that they regarded the
omission as intentional. That is not so; the article on Pisces was unfor-
tunately lost in transit. Miss Pagan has therefore been put to the trouble
of rewriting it, but her book will probably gain by this, as she has taken the
opportunity of somewhat extending the scope of the article, and has been
able to greatly increase the number of illustrations. We trust shortly to
receive this article and hope to be able to print it next month.
The result of Prize Competition No. 10 we are obliged to hold over
until next month.
 ®?mperament

Phrenologists tell us that there are three fundamental tempera-

ments, and these they designate the Vital, the Motive, and the
Mental; a fourth, called the "lymphatic," is introduced into some
classifications, but may safely be neglected.
Temperament has, however, a very much wider significance than
so arbitrary a one as this, and astrologers claim that there are seven
temperaments coming under the dominion of the seven planets, and
that each person has a physical and personal as well as an individual
temperament under the sway of one of these planetary rays. These
temperaments have a very important place in human nature, and
form a big field for investigation and study; for we cannot take any
one temperament by itself, as it may happen that the individual
temperament is on an entirely different line of evolution and ray to that
of the personal,—in fact this is the case very often.
But besides the individual and personal temperaments there
exists in each person yet another temperament, namely, that of the
Monad.* This temperament of the monad, being spiritual, is not
cognisable by any of the means of our humanity, because it is outside
the limits of our fivefold universe, and does not normally show
itself. It is thus beyond the treatment of Astrology, and obviously is
beyond the power of any ordinary observation, though I suppose in
any case where it could assert itself, it would of course strike the
dominant note and over-ride every other tendency in the horoscope.
It is to that temperament, doubtless, that reference is made in
ancient traditions, as in the story of the individual who, escaping from
this world, returned to this " father star,"—the ray of communication
being his spiritual temperament and directly related to that star.
But this theme is beyond our scope for the present. Our par-
ticular field of study is the temperament of the Individual. The
" individual" temperament is naturally that applied to the Manasic

* For the tneamng of this term see A Studv in Consciousness, by Annie Besant.
p. 63.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

man ; it belongs to the little group of three atoms (which are really
three equal faces of the trinity in man), Atma, Buddhi, Manas.
This individual temperament, as every Theosophist knows, is,
speaking generally, permanent throughout the whole manvantara, and
may be symbolically represented by the Sun in the horoscope, as
many of our modern astrologers have contended. This temperament
might be, and probably sometimes is, the same in kind as the
Monadic temperament, and when that is so the person would throw
out an inordinate amount of force, and manifest a very positive will, in
some particular direction.
The extent to which the individual temperament will dominate
the life of a person must depend upon the point he or she has reached
in evolution ; and equally dependent also, of course, will be the extent
to which this dominant influence may be forecast astrologicalh.
Where the two temperaments, the spiritual and the individual, aie
joined together there must be a tremendous amount of life, and thus
a tremendous power of will, or of activity, or of intelligence ; and it is
possible that the "lop-sided development" noticed in the case of
persons whodisplay genius in some one direction, but arequiteordinary
people in the main, may be a faint indication that the spiritual and
individual temperaments are alike. Where the Ego chooses an indi-
vidual temperament different to its own, conflict of course ensues—
the individual and personal temperaments are in opposition. (See
Mrs. Besant's book, A Study in Consciousness, pp. 93, 94, et seq.)
Where the two higher temperaments are the same, such individuals
would always be powerful people, and likely to make a mark in the
world's history. A great occultist once said in my hearing that one
never had all three temperaments alike; at least, she had never seen
it so; though she had often seen two alike, she had never seen three.
The personal temperament very largely rules the temperament of
the physical and astral body, and may be very different at each
incarnation, since it has to do with a very extensive past. You
cannot build a physical body that will suit more than one great group
of tendencies, the resultants of the Karma of the past: so that very
often the personal temperament is felt as a bar or an obstacle to the
life; it is like a person in a misfitting suit of clothes, feeling ail the
time it is a misfit, and, while not able to make any change, feeling not
at all content with its garments. Sometimes there is a good fit, and
 TEMPERAMENT

then the incarnation is a far easier one ; naturally there may be

either a good fit or a bad one, but as long as there is Karma to be worked
out, in no case can one have a perfect fit.
Sometimes there will be a large amount of mentality in the indi-
vidual, but [the personal brain and body, for certain Karmic reasons,
are not built with the faculties to express that mentality ; sometimes
we find mental abilities of a very fine order, but physical conditions
preventing much action on the part of the brain. In any case, how-
ever, the individual can only do his best with the instrument that
he has had allotted him for the current incarnation, and when he finds
his aspirations, his will and desire, so very far beyond his power of
attainment, hewill realise that his individual and personal temperament
are in conflict; and whether the defect is in the emotional, the mental,
or the physical vehicle, he will, while accepting it as Karmic retribu-
tion, not gird too much against these conditions but accept them,
all the time seeking to throw the balance of his powers on the defec-
tive side of the nature, thus doing his utmost to produce the best
possible music out of a poor instrument.
Of course when the world understands, and what is more believes
in, the philosophical ideas of Karma and Reincarnation, people will
seek to assist the ego in those ante-natal conditions, by securing an
atmosphere of harmony, beauty, peace and goodwill around the mother
during gestation, and the laws of life being studied and applied the
ego will be able to secure the best possible physical body for his new
birth.
It seems to me that the use of Astrology lies in its application
to the study of human nature ; in its power to show us where we
may guide the powers of nature, and help the elementary forces, so
assisting evolution.
When the law of re-birth is studied, when astrologers are also
clairvoyant and can see the astral form of the entity seeking mortal
birth, and can advise the prospective parents, then it will be an easier
matter to secure harmonious births; when mind controls passion
and knowledge assists, then we shall get more advanced souls coming
into physical embodiment, for they will secure the necessary vehicles
for the work they have come to perform.
Now it is comparatively a simple matter, when the birth-hour is
known, to understand the personal star to which we belong, its
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
temperament, etc., but it is a much more difficult thing to discover
the individual temperament, the temperament which relates to the
Ego, i.e., the permanent temperament. A great many of us believe
that the so-called " pre-natal epoch"—that is, the moment of concep-
tion, when, in the swirl of an astral vortex, the incoming ego puts
forth its vibratory power for a new descent into incarnation—shows
the ray we are on, and in a few cases it may be possible to get a very
correct idea of the individuality from that, which also has its rising
sign and ruling planet. In some cases it is shown by the position of
the Sun in the nativity, at any rate this shows the manasic qualities,
the capacity, power and limitation and the different types and kinds
of mind, and to some extent the keynote of the character may be
found therein. For instance, a person born with the Sun in Aries,
i.e., between March 21st and April 20th, will have a character
somewhat like the spring, ever seeking to put forth, bring to birth,
become a pioneer, etc., etc. Those born in July, with the Sun in
Cancer, have the Mother principle as the strongest element, while
people born in the full summer in the month of August, Leo, will
have a fulness and richness in their composition that is quite differ-
ent to the calmness and precision, the coldness and chill, of those born
in mid-winter, with the Sun in Capricorn; their life being more
internal than an external one, and so on, for nature and the human
family are at one in many ways.
There is a very wide field for investigation, and the study of
temperament is a most fascinating one—and when one realises that
there is an astral temperament and a mental one, as well as a physical
envelope, then one sees what a really complex thing a nativity is;
and what magnificent judgment, occult knowledge and intuition must a
capable astrologer possess. The astrologer, it has always seemed
to me, must be a wide-minded, tolerant sage, philosopher and
scientist, possessing also some knowledge of medicine and law,
hygiene and magnetic forces, be very widely read on almost every
subject, have an intellect acute and penetrating, and, last but not
least, he must be a " lover of all that lives,"—able to feel the pulse of
humanity,—having a profound sympathy with all forms of ignorance
and suffering. Thus there are few astrologers.
But suppose an elder brother of humanity, a Master of Astro-
logy, came and sought togatber His followers about Him, where would
 TEMPERAMENT 153
he find that unity and solidarity within our ranks, that wide-minded-
ness and singleness of purpose that could provide a suitable vehicle
for His extended consciousness to fill ? We are seeking a teacher,
are we ready to be taught? Are we making the conditions whereby
we might attract the notice of some great soul on our particular line ?
The wisdom of the stars needs a mighty Teacher to expound its
mysteries. An attempt is to be made to found a New Society, into
which many temperaments will be drawn, souls under each of the
seven planetary spirits. Whatever our temperaments may be, whether
Martian, Jupiterian, Venusian, Uranian, Mercurial, Lunar or Nep-
tunian, let us resolve to become true alchemists and seek to transmute
the vices of each into the corresponding virtues. If we take Tolerance
for our motto, and Truth for our standard-bearer, we may sound forth
some day that note of concord and wisdom that will attract the notice
of a master mind and then a new era will have dawned for Astrology,
and its wisdom will shine before men, and we shall realise our place
in those mighty Hierarchies that turn the wheel of human evolution
and seek to co-operate with them. The path of knowledge along
which so many weary feet are treading to-day is illuminated by
mighty spiritual forces, and one of these mighty forces we know under
the name of Astrology.
Bessie Leo.

WHERE THEY WENT TO

A crowd of troubles passed him by

As he with courage waited ;
He said : " Where do you troubles fly
When you are thus belated ? "

" We go," they said, "to those who mope,

Who look on life dejected,
Who weakly say good-bye to hope;
We go—where we're expected."
From the Girls' LttUr Guild Jounutl.
 154

®lje ^o&iacal and ^langtary temperaments

{Series)

FOREWORD BY THE EDITOR

The present Series is the outcome of the deliberations of a group

of students who met together at stated intervals for discussion upon
astrological subjects.
The first subject upon which their attention was focussed was
this one of the Planetary Temperaments. The method adopted was
to take first the two signs over which a given planet had rulership,
and, treating each separately, to endeavour to arrive by a synthesising
process at the inherent quality which was the especial characteristic
of the planet per se. Each member contributed either written or
verbal suggestion or criticism, and the material thus obtained was
collated and edited by one of their number, who was appointed
" Transaction Secretary,"—it being at first intended to publish the
results of these deliberations in the form of "Transactions."
However, as time went on and each sign drew fuller and more
comprehensive treatment from the contributors, it was felt that a
larger public was entitled to share in the proceeds of these gatherings
than was likely to be reached by the publication of an occasional
"Transaction," and the Editor of this magazine was^ therefore
approached, the members feeling that the inexhaustible subject of the
Signs of the Zodiac and their Planetary Rulers still offered scope for
further treatment, notwithstanding the admirable and lucid series of
articles by our recent contributor, Miss Isabelle M. Pagan ; and the
Editor's permission having been obtained, the accumulated MSS. were
handed over to the Sub-Editor for his supervision—with whom
therefore all responsibility must rest for the form in which they now
appear.
That the office of Transaction Secretary under such circum-
stances must have been no sinecure cannot be gainsaid, the task of
converting a number of fragmentary essays by different writers into
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 155
a coherent whole being no light one. It will however be admitted,
we think, that it has been successfully accomplished, and that
there are no awkward interruptions of continuity or lapses of interest
in passing from one writer to another;—for in the more important
contributions it has been thought best to present the originals as far
as possible in an unaltered form, rather than run the risk of destroying
their individuality by forcible compression or peremptory excisions.
The Series as a whole, when completed, will probably be admitted
to be the most comprehensive study of the zodiacal and planetary
types ever published in recent times, and our best thanks are due to
this group of students (who prefer to remain unknown) for the oppor-
tunity they have afforded us of handing on their conclusions and
discoveries—if that will not be thought too ambitious a term—to
others. Many of the papers are highly original, and certain suggestions
altogether new and to some perhaps startling.
The Series commences with a short dissertation upon the meaning
and application of the term " temperament," in this connection. The
signs Aries and Scorpio are next discussed and their salient features
summed up in an article upon the Martial Temperament. Similar
procedure follows in regard to Taurus and Libra, Gemini and Virgo,
and so on throughout the zodiac.
There is some possibility that the Series may be published later
in book form if the interest evoked seems to justify such a venture.
1.
The Meaning of "Temperament."
The word " temperament," according to philologists, comes from
the Latin tempeyo, to appoint a measure, which is derived from tern pus,
time, or properly, " a piece cut off," this latter word coming from the
Greek re/wrw, to cut off.
Hence we see that the root meaning of the word temper is to cut
up into strips.
A vibrating string, such as a violin string, if touched at certain
points will be cut up into strips as it were, each sounding a note that is
some harmonic of the ground-tone.^ These " partial " tones as they

• The playing of "harmonica" on ih2 violin farnishsa pirhaoa the most

familiar instance of this.
156 MODERN ASTROLOGY
are called, are present in all normally vibrating strings,—indeed,
in all musical sounds of any kind,—and the construction of a
musical instrument such as a pianoforte or violin (especially the latter)
is expressly designed to take advantage of this fact, by reinforcing
certain of these " partials" and subduing others, in order that a well-
tempered or harmonious tone may result. For, as Helmholtz and
Koenig have proved, the " quality" of any musical sound depends
upon (a) the number of " partials " present ; (ft) which these are; and
(c) their relative intensity.
Further details of this interesting acoustical fact must be sought
for elsewhere,* as this is not the place to enlarge upon the subject.
Suffice it to say that the principle is equally true of light as of sound ;
pigment in art corresponds to shape in musical instruments, each is
designed to reinforce certain wave-lengths and to suppress certain
others. In other words, the vibrations are to be cut (or measund) into
proper lengths.
Here we have in a nut-shell the whole meaning of the word
" temperament " in the sense in which it is to be employed in this
Series. Temperament thus implies, as we have seen, a due admix-
ture and adjustment. When used to denote the character of sub-
stances such (for instance) as iron or steel, we have in mind the de-
velopment of a particular and peculiar quality in the metal through
the combination and adjustment of certain qualities or elements.
So in seeking to discover the astrological explanation of the term
as applied to human peculiarities or character, we interpret it to mean
that special quality—organic, psychic or mental, as the case may be—
resulting from the combination of the whole of the planets concerned
in the nativity, as expressed through the rising sign.
Various views are advanced by students as to the exact applica-
tion of the term ' Temperament," one school averring that the human
peculiarities are accounted for by the organic qualities of the physical
body alone, whilst another—to deal with two extreme views—claims
that temperament is the product practically of the mental and moral
attributes, and that the physical body exerts but a very subordinate
influence at all, itself being the outcome of the other two.

* See, for instance, The Scientific Basis of Music, published by Novello & Co.,
is.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 157

In astrological language, it becomes a question of ' rising sign '

wwhs ' the planets'; so that in advancing the present views we are
presenting a mean, as it were, between the two extremes, these
extremes in reality simply amounting respectively to the ' form ' and
' life' aspects of the question.
The aim of the astrologer, then, in estimating or deducing Tem-
perament will be to " temper" the whole of the planets with the
• rising sign,' and to do this it will be necessary to consider in detail
the nature of each of the planets and the nature of each of the zodiacal
signs. Next, one has to consider the influences of the Planets as
severally expressed through the various signs, each planet necessarily
varying in expression according to the sign it is placed in. Thus
Mars posited in Aries will express itself to the full, and endow the
native with a thoroughly martial nature, the whole of the martian
instinct of this sign being augmented and stimulated to the extreme,
whereas Mars in the sign Capricorn—giving persistent well-directed
energy—is totally different, the fiery impulse of the planet being
modified, conserved, or wholly transmuted in this negative Saturnian
sign.
It will thus be fairly easy to foresee how highly complex the
whole matter of temperament finally becomes, especially when it is
remembered that pun, i.e., unmixed, types are so rarely to be met
with.
Speaking very generally, the Planets are taken to represent mind,
the Moon to represent the psychic nature, and the Ascendant or
rising sign to represent the physical body.
Inasmuch as the Planets of our system are but * radiations' of
the central orb ami parent body—the Sun—the latter is considered as
the central part of our being and thus signifies the heart.
This being relatively ' colourless' (figuratively speaking), it is only
when the Sun is in aspect with one or other of the planets that it can
be considered as representing Mind in manifestation. When, there-
fore, the Sun is in aspect with any planet the mind of the individual
concerned is said to be ' coloured ' by that planet to which the Sun is
in aspect.
Similarly the personal mind or character, the Personality as it is
generally called, is symbolised by the Moon and the planets she
aspects ; these again ' colouring ' or infusing their life into the colour-
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

less negative Moon, which, considered apart from the planets, is but
the representation of the psychic vehicle.
The Ascendant or Rising Sign as before stated symbolises the
physical body, and receives its ' colouring ' or vitality from the planet
related to it, and known as its Lord or Ruler.
In these three factors, Sun, Moon and Ascendant, we have the
synthesis of all the elements concerned ; the Sun being the sum total
of the Planets, the Moon the synthesis of the twelve Signs, and the
Ascendant the focalised expression of the twelve reflections of these
signs in Earth-matter, technically known as the twelve Houses.
Taking the ascendant, then, as representing the physical body
and the animal nature, it follows that we must refer to the influences
contained in the ascendant for such particulars as the organic quality,
the form and general appearance.
These will very largely be accounted for, in pure types, by the
sign rising, although not wholly, since the Lord of the ascendant may
exert a modifying influence by reason of the sign he is in ; and again,
any planet posited in the Ascendant will leave its impress very
decidedly on the physical body as well ; but in either of these instances
the influences will be of a modifying secondary nature and not a
primary one.
It will have become apparent that inasmuch as there are twelve
signs of the Zodiac there must be at least twelve types of physical
bodies. For instance, there will be the Aries type of body, the
Taurus type, the Gemini type, and so on throughout the zodiac; a
different type for each of the zodiacal signs.
These twelve types might strictly speaking be termed principal
types, since each sign of the zodiac represents collectively thirty types,
one for each degree of the sign. It is said, however, that only the
ancient Hindu astrologer could detect and distinguish between the
varying characteristics of these degrees. Broadly speaking, the sub-
divisions of to-day, so far as known characteristics are concerned,
do not extend to more than three in number for each sign. To each
of these sub-divisions of ten degrees (or decanates as they are termed)
is appointed a Lord or Ruler subordinate to the Lord of the sign.
We thus have twelve general types, corresponding to the twelve
signs, resolvable into thirty-six sub-types to correspond with the
thirty-six decanates of the Zodiac.
 THE ZODIA'.AL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 159

The foregoing briefly summarises our position as regards the use

of the word temperament in relation to any particular horoscope.
For the purposes of the present Series, however, it would not be
feasible to confine ourselves to a few individual horoscopes. What is
to be attempted is something at once more general—and hence more
vague, and more universal—and hence more useful.
We are not here concerned with the question of "tempering"
the various planetary positions and aspects in a horoscope, through
the Ascendant, in order to arrive at a well-balanced judgment upon
the nativity. This is a task for the expert student, one upon which
but few hints can be given, since each nativity needs to be judged
upon its own merits, and not according to any set rule,—hardly, even,
(except in the most general sense) upon any definite principle.
Nevertheless, our aim will lead indirectly to that end, and not the less
usefully in that it will supply us with a broad foundation, a solid bed-
rock, as it were, of what for want of a better word we will call
" 'abstract' temperament."
Our purpose, then, is to examine each sign in turn and to extract
from it as far as possible its central ideal or tendency, its " dharma."
Next, by synthesising two of these, say Aries and Scorpio, we shall
be able to arrive at some notion of the same central " tendency " of
its planet,—Mars, for instance. (For it must be remembered that
of the planetary influences in themselves we know nothing; .we only
know them as manifested to us through the signs of the zodiac,
which may be regarded as the " windows " through which alone we
can look out on them.)
In this way we shall eventually arrive at certain funda-
mental, root conceptions; one for each sign, one for each planet.
Having made these our own, having assimilated them, as it were, as
the painter assimilates the fundamental colours of his palette, it will
then be a comparatively easy and certain matter to blend them,—to
see, for instance, Mars working through Capricorn, Venus through
Aries, and so on,—so that our understanding of a horoscope will be
made fuller, richer and deeper, and withal more sure.
The use of the word temperament in this connection is the;e-
fore seen to apply, primarily, to the sign through which any planetary
ray is received; secondarily, to the planetary influence itself, which
" tempers " the solar life which it receives and specialises.
 i6o MODERN ASTROLOGY

In another, though not less important sense, it applies to the

internal trend of any human being, the tendency or outlook of his
mind, by reason of which he takes the saturnian, the jupiterian, the
martian or venusian view of any idea or fact that may be presented to
his attention.
It is part of our aim, perhaps the highest part, to attempt to
develop in ourselves the power to respond (even if ever so faintly) to
temperaments which are foreign to our own ; to attempt to put on
another's spectacles, to strive to see the world as he sees it, to know
the ideals he knows, the sufferings he feels, the crosses he has to bear.
And this will make us, not merely better astrologers, but better men
and women, stronger, broader and more tolerant, abler and more
willingto help others; in short, more lovable in every way.
[The next article of this Series will be " The Sign Aries,"]

Intercepted Signs.—We are indebted to a correspondent, Mr. J. W.

Bailey, for a very ingenious suggestion which is intended to make easier of
comprehension the presence of " intercepted " signs in a map. This matter
is, as all students know, a great bugbear to beginners, who are often terribly
puzzled by it.
The suggestion is, that when the Table of Houses shows the presence
of intercepted signs, the horoscope should be drawn in the form of an
ellipse or oval instead of a circle, the longer diameter (axis major) of the
ellipse being arranged to fall where the intercepted signs occur. In this
way, while the bouses will all be shown to contain thirty angular degrees
each, the signs may be represented as each occupying one-twelfth of the
ellipse. Of course, in order to get the figure absolutely correct to scale, it
would be necessary to calculate very carefully the proportions of the two
axes of the ellipse. But this would not be necessary for practical purposes,
as only a rough approximation would be needed.
Most readers will be familiar with the easiest method of drawing an
ellipse, which is to stick two pins firmly in the paper a littledistance apart,
and pass a small loop of thread round them. By putting the point of a
pencil in the loop and keeping it taut while drawing the pencil round the
pins, a very satisfactory ellipse may be drawn. The proportions of the
ellipse can be varied at pleasure by altering the distance between the pins
or the length of the loop of thread, as the case may be.
It will be best to draw the ellipse first, and to divide its circumference
into the twelve signs by eye-measure (taking care to place the intercepted
signs near the extremity of the longer diameter), and then to draw the
houses by means of a pair of compasses in the usual way, arranging for the
cusps of the " angular houses to fall approximately in that portion of the
ellipse where their respective zodiacal points are to be found. The centre
of the circle will of course be midway between the two pin-pricks.
 i6i

Cfc IRnonbcbing of tire £ttms.

By Heinrich Daath.

" To speke upon Astronomy

As it is writ in the clergy,
To telle how the plan£t£s fare,
Some partc 1 think£ to declare,
My sone, unto thin audience."
A love for Chaucer must naturally beget a partiality for his
friend and contemporary Gower ; although the latter has little of the
fire, and none of the humour and love of nature which are such
fascinating attributes of him hight by Spenser " Dan Chaucer, well
of English undefiled." Tedious, didactic and dissertational, coarse
and even worse than coarse, at times, " unkind abominations of
whiche cursed stories I say, fie ! " {Chaucer) he could yet manage to
earn the epithet of the " moral Gower."
He belonged to a family of high position, now represented by the
Dukes of Sutherland, and was an esquire of property and education.
Born about 1327, he became blind in 1400 and died in 1408. Writing
when the three great languages spoken were English, French and Latin,
he has illustrated each in a separate poem : the Vox Clamantts in Latin,
the Speculum Meditaniis in French ^ost), and the Confessio Amantis in
English octosyllabics.
Astrological lore is freely scattered throughout his works, but
there is a special section in the Confessio. This poem is concerned
with a lover at confessional. Genius as the priest of Venus hears
his complaints, temptations, doubts and difficulties; and advises,
resolves, and illustrates with examples of parallel cases. As Warton
says, it is a compound of Ovid's Art of Love and the breviary. The
confessional is a mere peg upon which to hang a series of stories
drawn from such varied sources as Ovid, Gesta Romanorum, Vincent
of Beauvais, the Bible, Godfrey Viterbo {The Pantheon, or Memoria
Seculorum), Colonna's Romance of Troy, and Romance of Sir Launcelot,
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Horace, Cicero, Virgil, French fabliaux, etc. There is a supposition

to the effect that it was undertaken at the request of Richard II.
Book VII. of this poem—entitled How a. King was Taugkt—treats
upon those subjects necessary to be known by a gentleman of culture
—what we should now term a liberal education. In this light it is
curious to read and interpret. First there is Theorique, which includes
Theology, Physique and Mathematique, the latter being subdivided into
Afsmetiqne (arithmetic), Musique, Geometerie and Astronomie. After these
there are Rhetorique and Practique.
Let us hear what he has to say of that portion of Mathematique:
" Which speaketh upon Astronomie,
And tecbetb of the sterr£s high,
Beginning upward fro the mone."
Without the study of astronomy, he tells his disciple, all other
science is in vain; and of course,
" Assembled with Astronomy
Is eke that ilke Astrology,
The which in jug6ments accomptetb
Theffect what every sterre amountetb.
And bow they causen many a wonder
To the clim^ts that stond hem under."
For as an eagle mounts aloft above all other creatures by the
strength of its pinions, so this science rises to be the consummation,
head and apex of all knowledge.
" Benetbe upon this erth6 here
Of aI16 tbing6s the matere,
As tellen us they that bin lerned,
Of things above it stont govferned.
That is to say of the planftes,
The cb£l£s (chills) both and eke the betes,
The cbaunces of the world also,
That we Fortune clepen so
Among the mennis nacion
All is through constelIaci6n."
He particularises the dominant characteristics of the four tempera-
ments.
The Melancholy:
 THE KNOULECHING OF THE STERRES
"Of therth6 which is cold and dry
The kind of man Mal6ncoly
Is cI6p6d, and that is the first,
The most ungoodlich and the werste.
What man bath that complexion,
Full of ymaginati6n,
Of dr6d6s and of wrathfull thoughts,
He fret himselven all to naught.
* * * *
The splen is to mal6ncoly
Assigned for herbergery." [Ger. htrbtrgt, inn, habitation.)
The Phlegmatic :
" The water which is moist and colde,
Maketh Fleume {phlegm) which is manifold.
Foregetel, slow and wery sone
Of everything whiche is to done."
The Bilious or Choleric :
" The dri6 Coler with his hete
By way of kind his propre sete
Hath in the Gall6 where he dwelleth,
So us the philos6phre (Aristotle) telleth."
The Sanguine :
" To the Sanguine complexi6n
Nature of his inspecti6n
A propre hous hath in the Liver,
For his dwelling^ made deliver."
The saturnine or melancholic temperament is astrologically con-
nected with the earthy signs. The man with a strongly placed
Saturn is grave, cold, suspicious, laborious. The spleen is reputed to
be under the government of the leaden hued planet. The lymphatic
is dominated by the watery signs and the Moon. The student of the
stars finds them to be associated with looseness of tissue, rapid cellu-
lar growth, but usually with a tendency to dropsical and fiuidic types
of disease. The phlegmatic is averse from activity, " slow and wery
sone." In the possession of the writer are the nativities of two fat
individuals both showing the Moon rising in watery signs. The
bilious or choleric belongs to the fiery trigon, and the planetary bodies
Mars and Sun. The gall is under martial dominion, although the
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

liver itself is influenced by Jupiter. The airy signs and the latter
planet are appropriated by the sanguine temperament.
After discoursing at some length upon these and kindred topics,
with many admonitions to his disciple to " Take hed6, for I woll
begin," he travels through the whole circle of the zodiac and the
component parts of the solar system, commenting upon their attri-
butes and government. Of the planets he observes that " Beneth all
others slant the Mone." To understand his meaning it is necessary
to consider how the solar system was regarded in his day from a
mundane centre, and what was implied by the pyimtm Mobile. The
kind of arguments used can be well seen in the Commentaries of
Marsilius Ficinus on Plotinus. "Cum igitur Sol et Mercurius atque
Venus annuo tempore revolvantur, ideoque inter se sint proximi,
quseritur, quis horum trium sit Lunas propinquior. Probabile quidem
est, ilium esse propinquiorem, in cujus sphasra longior est diameter,
nude maxima distantia sit ad Lunam. Longiorem vero esse in
sphasra Solis verisimile est, ut grandiori planetas magis accomodetur.
Verum quid de his mathematica ratio velit, satis alii pertractarunt.
Physica certe ratio postulare videtur, ut fons caloris et fons humoris
scilicet vitalis, id est, Sol et Luna proxime conjungantur super hanc
mundi plagam generation! dicatam, quas in primis humorem velut
materiam et calorem exigit quasi fomentum. Prasterea Sol et Luna
contigua possident domicilia : Luna Cancrum, Sol vero Leonem.
Exaltationes quoque contiguas: Luna Taurum, Sol Arietem. Jure
igitur sphasras quoque contiguas habent."
Of this lesser light Gower continues;
" The which hath with the See to done,
Of flod6shigh and ebb6s lowe
Upon his cbaunge it shall be knowe,
And every fissh which hath a shelle
Mote in his governaunc6 dwelle,
To waxe and wane in his degre.
* * * *
But what man under his pow6re
Is bore, be shall his plac£ cbaunge,
And sech6 many Iond£s straunge."
The bearing of the Moon's phases upon the growth and condition
of shell-fish will be found alluded to in many of the classic authors
 THE KNOULECHING OF THE StERRES

For instance Cicero in DeDivin. writes : " Osireisque et conckyliis otunibus

dicilur coatiiigere, ut cum luna pariier ere scant, paviterque decrescant." And
Horace in the fourth satire of Book 11. has Lubrica nascentes impleitt
conchylia luna.
Lunar persons are invariably changeful, restless, fond of variety,
travel and roving. But modern astrologers do not agree with our
author when he affirms that upon Germany and Great Britain " the
Mones disposicion is set." These countries are very generally, and
with good reason, placed under the dominion of Aries and Mars.
This, too, was the allocation made by Claudius Ptolemy.
Succeeding comes Mercury,
" . , . . and bis nature is this,
That under him who that bore is,
In boke be shall be studious
And in writingfe curious."
He is ever busy and active, with " somdele besinesse," volatile
and nimble.* Therefore his rulership is most in "Borgone and in
Fraunce." And here the present-day astrologer will more readily
agree with the loquacious poet. For although Ptolemy places Gaul
under Leo, the city of Paris is apportioned to the Mercurial Virgo.
Cities, Ptolemy tells us in the Teirabiblos, are chiefly governed by those
parts of the zodiac in which the Sun and Moon were situated at the
time their building began.
He next describes the characteristics of Venus, the star of love,—
wanton, sweet and gay :
" For who that therof taketh his birth
He shall desir6 joy and mirth,
GentQ, curteis, and debonaire.
* jfc Jje
And over all where he may finde
Plesaiince of love, his hert6 boweth
With all his might, and ther he woweth."
He attributes her rule to Lombardy :
" The climate of her lechery
Is most comune in Lumbardy.'1

0 Hoc dcmqtu ordint Mercurius inter planetas quasi sapiens medium obtinebit, et merito,
cum debeat in omnes ague converti, el facile conformari, ut celerius omnium actiones expediat.
i66 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The Sun as the centre of all life and energy demands larger
consideration. He enumerates the solar gems and stones, and sums
up the character of " the Chefe Planete imperiall," completely in
accord no less with astrologers of his own age than with twentieth
century artists:
" in his constellacion
Who that is bore in specidll
Of good will and of liberdll
He shall be founde in all6 place,
And also stonde in mochel grace
Towards the lordfs for to serve,
And great profile and thank deserve."
The Sun prominent in a nativity gives command, leadership,
public appointments, ambassadorial dignity. Gower bestows on Sol
the rulership of Greece, but this is incorrect: Greece is identified with
Capricorn and Saturn.
The energising, destructive and combative Mars
" . . . . doth merveiles
Upon the fortune of batdiles.
# V * #
But who that is nativity
Hath take upon the propret6
Of Mart6s disposicion
By way of constellacion,
He shall be hers and fool hastife
And desirous of werre and strife."
He observes that the conquerors of old were indebted to its aid.
So are the conquerors of [all timej Nelson had Mars rising at his
birth; the Duke of Wellington's nativity shows it posited in the
seventh—the house of war; the Duke of Marlborough had the
" planete bataillous " conjoined with Sun in elevation ; in Frederick
the Great's horoscope a similar loci situs obtained at his geniture, and
so with hundreds of others. Without Mars there is a lack of courage,
grit, determination, action and assurance. Wherever a fight has to
be made we must look to Mars to provide the requisite staying power,
force and vigour.
Jupiter, the benefic, mild, merciful, sympathetic and buoyant, of
so much virtue in rendering the temperament sweet, clean and lovable,
he refers to as
 THE KNOULECHING OF THE STERRES 167
" . . . . the delicate,
Which causetb pees and no debate.
For he is cl^p^d the Plan^te
Which of his kind^ softe and sweete
Attempreth all that to him longeth,
And whom this Planete underfongeth {Gey., unterfangen,
to undertake.)
To stonde upon his regiment, {i.e., under his rule).
He shall be meeke, and paci^nt,
And fortunate to marchandy (as a merchant, particularly
And lusty to delicacy." in woollen goods)
Ultimately he arrives at the sphere of the planet
" . . . . which men calle
Saturnus, whose complexion
Is colde, and bis condicion
Causeth malice and cruelty
To him the whose nativite
Is set under his gouvernaunce
And enemy to mannas hele,
In what degre that he shall dele {share/.
His climate is in orient,
Where that he is most violent."
The astrological lore which Gower has dealt out in the guise of
Genius to his disciple is so far pretty accurate, as will be gathered from
the brief extracts here submitted. We cannot follow him seriatim
through the zodiac, but a few further quotations may be admissible.
At the head:
" Stant Aries, which hote and drie
Is of himself, and in partie
He is the receipt and the hous
Of mighty Mars the batailous.
if * if if
And of this constellacion
The verray operacion
Availetb, if a man therinne
The purpose of his work beginne,
For then he hath of propret6
Good spede and great felicity."
The nature of Aries is hot, dry, forceful and martial, its planetary
168 MODERN ASTROLOGY

lord being, in fact, Mars. It is the typical soldier sign. Natives

under its influence are almost feverishly active, impulsive, restless
and assertive. They are the pioneers, and rush things to a conclu-
sion, generally with "good spede" but not always with "great
felicite." Gower enumerates the principal stars in the constellation,
borrowing from what " it saith in almageste." This latter — the
MeydA.?} 2wra£is—is an astronomical work of Ptolemy.
Disposing of the labouring Taurus, the husbandman of the
duodenary,
" . . . . which figured is
Unto a bull6, drie and colde,"
be recounts that
" The tbridd6 signe is Gemini,
Which is figured redely
Lich to two twinn6s of man kind6l
That naked stonde."
Then Cancer which
" . of him self is moist and colde,
And is the propr6 bous and bolde
Which appertainetb to the Mone,
And doth what longetb him to done."
And so with the remaining signs, the poet being particular to
specify in each case the fixed stars associated with the section treated
upon. Thereafter he descants on the subject of climates and their
rulership :
"... so ben devised
The sign6s twelve, and stond assised
That each of them in bis partie
Hath bis climate to justifie."
The first rulership is over the Orient, commencing from Antioch,
the signs apportioned being Cancer, Virgo and Leo. Towards the
West from Armenia, Capricorn, Aquarius and Pisces hold sway.
Southward from Alexandria are Libra, Scorpio and Sagittarius ; while
to the North are Aries, Taurus and Gemini.
" Thus ben the Sign6s proprely
Devided, as it is reherced
Wherof the loudes ben diversed."
 THE KNOULECHING OF THE STERRES l5g

He is indebted to the Persian astrologer Albumazar for this.

To impart the names of the principal fixed stars, their nature,
herbs and stones is the next proceeding. For example;
" Of thes6 sterr^s which I mene,
Cor Scorpionis is thrittene {thirteenth),
The whos natur6 Mart and Jove
Have yoven unto his behove,
His herb is anstolochy {text has "astrology "—a manifest
Which folweth his astronomy." error)
Finally, after eight books of discursive eloquence, it is well to
know the Lover is duly shriven ;
"Touchend6 my confessifin,
I axe an absolution,"
He prays, and the garrulous priest responds :
"... Sone, as of thy shrifte
Thou hast full pardon and foryifte."

Jl itcntarkaMe Instance of ICunar Influence

Little orphan boy ; knows of no relatives in the world. Bom November
loth, 1901—hour not known.
Plankxs' Places at (Greenwich) Noon
OSiJi S
1117 "19 01^ /is 1512 V310 720 V33 iti5^
For three or four months this child has been an inmate of an
orphans' home in this city (Chattanooga). Has had a recent attack
of typhoid fever, during which he was confined in the charity ward of
the hospital. Has a very bright intellect and is a fine looking and
healthy boy generally. Told the matron when he entered the Home
that at every full Moon since he was 4 years old he had had convulsions—
never at any other time. He was in the hospital the last time, and as
the doctor was aware of the condition he told the matron that he had
been able to control it in a great degree, and thought it might perhaps
be entirely overcome by turning the child's mind away from it.
Have just telephoned the matron to know of present conditions
(November 15th, 1906), and she informs me that he is fully recovered
and back at the Home, that she is getting him 'ready to go to a
" beautiful home " with an elderly lady, and that they have already
fully equipped him with everything nice to wear.
[Particulars communicated by A. B. H.J
 170

Halley'a Comet

Appended is a table showing the probable present position of

Halley's Comet, from calculations based upon its movements at its
last appearance in 1835. But it is important to remember that
comets are very easily drawn out of their regular orbits by the
attraction of the great planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, or Neptune,
should any one of these happen to be near the orbit of the comet.
Consequently it is not certain that this ephemeris will turn out to be
strictly accurate. The comet has not yet been seen ; and not until it
makes its appearance will it be known whether any perturbation has
taken place in its orbit or not. It will probably be detected first by
means of photography at the latter part of this year or early in rgio ;
for the photographic plate applied to a telescope is far more sensitive
than the eye.

Long. Declin. Long. Declin.

1909 O t 0 t 1909 O f O t
yt"-. 15 241143 riN49 Sept. 3 3®34 17N31
Mar. 3 17 7 13 10 Oct. 1 3 59 17 20
Apr. 15 17 48 14 52 Oct. 26 22IJ25 17 21
if ay 25 20 35 16 15 Nov. cy 17 33 17 4
fuly
A
1 25 39 17 6 Dec. 7 26 851 15 16
"X- 3 0® ig 17 29 Dec. 25 5 43 II 46
♦The positions given above show that this comet is moving this
year through the northern part of the constellation Orion and the
southern part of the constellation Taurus; that it has a few degrees
south latitude; and that its general movement is in a retrograde
direction, i.e., in the opposite direction to that of the planets in their
orbits round the sun.
It is hardly necessary to remind the reader that comets are
considered always to be very malefic in their influence, presaging war,
pestilence, the death of kings or eminent people, and various other

° These are based upon data published in the Royal Astronomical Society's
Monthly Notices, March, tgoS. Mathematicians do not all agree in their
calculations.
 halley's comet

disasters. They have often been accompanied by violent earthquakes

and volcanic eruptions.
The present comet bears the name of the famous astronomer
Edmund Halley, who was born in London, October 29th, 1656,
appointed Professor of Astronomy at Oxford in 1703, Astronomer
Royal at Greenwich 1720, and died after a stroke of paralysis on
January 14th, 1742. He was the first to investigate the movements
of comets mathematically, and to prove that they obeyed the law of
gravitation and the laws of motion studied by Kepler and Newton.
In the course of his investigation he discovered that there were records
of comets having appeared in the years 1305, 1380, 1456, 1531, 1607
(this was seen by Kepler), and he himself saw one which passed its
perihelion on September 4th, 1682. He suggested that, instead of
being so many separate comets, these were really the successive
reappearances of one and the same comet with a period of 75 or 76
years. He predicted that it would reappear at the end of 1758 or the
beginning of 1759, and the prediction was fulfilled, for it was first
seen on Christmas Day, 1758, by an amateur astronomer living near
Dresden, and it passed its perihelion on March 13th, 1759.
Since then it has been considered probable that this comet was
identical with many others that are recorded to have been seen at
various dates, such as B.C. 12, a.d. 66 (soon after which the Jewish
War was begun which ended in the destruction of Jerusalem), 531,
and 1066, the year of the Norman Conquest.
After Halley's prediction was fulfilled in 1758, the comet
reappeared in August, 1835, and passed its perihelion on November
16th of that year.
The world will not have to wait very long now to witness its
return and to experience the troubles that will accompany it.
H. S. Green.

A correspondent writes: "From one or two experiences with the

horoscopes of friends as well as my own, I find that J) in bad aspect to at
birth is bad for teeth, as has been suggested by many. However, there
appear to be other causes, and it might be interesting to discuss the question
in the magazine."
 SIjc Jfounbaiions of ^.strologg

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city tilth foursquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gales, on the South three gales, and on the West three gales. And the wall
of the city had twelve foundations. . . . And he that talked with we had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gales thereof, and the wait thereof.
. . . And he measured the wall thereof . . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . like unto clear glass. . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev. xxi. 13-18.

Part V.—Scientific Measurement of the Forces acting between

any two Planets

(148) We have now arrived at a point where we can apply our

results to the calculation of the actual forces exerted by the heavenly
bodies upon the earth. In other words, we can now give exact
quantitative measurement to astrological influences.
The mutual influences of the heavenly bodies upon each other
are due to their being electrically charged bodies, in motion relatively
to each other.

Fig. 4.
Let A and C be two electrically charged spheres, say two planets
Let ^4 be a planet moving in the direction A to B with the velocity
Vq and let C be the earth, which for simplicity we may suppose
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 173
stationary. Let t be the electro-magnetic charge on the planet A, d
the distance between A and C, and 6 the angle CAB.
Then according to J. J. Thomson's Eleciricity and Maiter (p. 20)
the planet A will exert a magnetic force on the earth C, which is
expressed by the equation
f
= ^in 0
{139)

The reason why the angle 0 enters into the above equation is
because the magnetic force is not proportionate to the total velocity
V0 but only to that component of it which is at right angles to the
line A C joining the planet to the earth. If the angle CAB were
90° then the whole velocity F0 would produce magnetic force: (this
can be seen from the equation, for sin 90°= 1). If on the other hand
this angle were zero so that C lay along the line A B then none of the
velocity would produce magnetic force and / would be zero: (sin
o0=o). If V be that component of the velocity Vg which is at right
angics to j4 C we have
V — P,, sin 0 (140)
and (/55) becomes

('")
(149) Since the electric charge on a sphere resides on the surface
that is at the distance f from the centre, where f is the radius, the
distance d in (141) will be measured in terms of the radius r. But it
will be more convenient for us to have the distance measured in
centimetres, and in order to do this we must replace i/d* in (141) by
t*!# where r and i are both in centimetres. In place of (141) we then
have

/='4i: (
"2)
As stated in § (8) and proved later in §§ 49, 50, 51, wehavefound
that we obtain always consistent results if in J. J. Thomson's equa-
tions we substitute in place of the electro-magnetic charge t, the
electrostatic charge q ; and when we do this in the above instance
(142) becomes
{u3)
/=
 174 MODERN ASTROLOGY

(150) From (130)

'=1
and from (121)
a."
47r
hence
T or q—
At ' - A?
Since the above A* is derived from G, and G is the mean value
for the planet and not the surface value. The value of the etheric
pressure k must be also the mean value as given in the tables § (86).
From (111) we see that
m — 3 "'r
32 n-a
and hence (144) becomes
? = i5_ x 3"'' or 5
? = 3fJ'' x
{U5]
* kt -TT jt-^ P M '
(151) Combining now the results in equations (143) and (145)
we have for the magnetic force
/= il5 Kx , or /= 3 ''V x i- (746)
d 8 it A 8 TT rf4 A*
From equation (/2J) the square root of the specific inductive
capacity
&= L
ki
so that (146) becomes
/==3^M^« (UJ)

In J. J. Thomson's equations, from which the above expression

for/is derived, no account is taken of the magnetic intensity of the
body. This is due to the fact that physicists consider the density of
the ether fx from which the value of the magnetic intensity of each
planet is obtained to be constant everywhere throughout space.
But we have seen that this is not so, each planet having its own
etheric medium and etheric density ft, so that the magnetic intensity
is also different for each planet (see table, § 85). It was shown in
§ (59) that the magnetic intensity of the earth 4 tr 7, on the Rational
System of Units was just equal to unity, and since the value of a quantity
is not altered by being multiplied by unity we might multiply (147)
by 4 jt 7 for the earth without affecting its truth, so that for
experimental results on small bodies on the earth's surface we have
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY I
75
, 3 n'F A'
'= x
■"'

„«)■
2 a'
Since the above would be true on the earth's surface where alone
it could be tested we shall assume its truth universally, although the
value of 4. tt 7 on other bodies is not unity.
(152) From § (58) equation {51) the magnetic intensity on any
body
I = [iv
so that (MS) becomes
i
3 >-1! F 3v'r»VK IJ.
XlXV 0T f (U9]
* zlP ~ *0
From § (92), equation {85), we see that the etheric density /a in-
creases with the distance ; if, therefore, fa be the surface value of the
etheric density (that is, at the distance of the radius r), then at the
distance d the etheric density
P = "f* (/50)
r
so that {149) becomes
^iVSVK^fad or iVr'Vtffa (/5/)
TP r 2d
It should be observed that fa is not the mean value of the etheric
density as given in the tables in § (86) but the surface value. If fa be
the mean value in the above tables it was shown in § (92) that the
surface value can be obtained if we multiply by
1106 043 8935
hence
fa = fa x 1106 (752)
so that we may write {151)
3
/= ^ x 1 106 or /
J = 3 * x io6 x ^F fa
zji i d
(To be continued)

° The reason for the introduction of the magnetic intensity as a factor in the
above equation is shown in § 99, where it is stated that the planetary influence is
proportionate, not only to the mass but to the magnetic intensity which varies with
the etheric density fi for each planet. Physicists do not take into account this
magnetic intensity of the ether, since they assume that the ether is the same
throughout the universe, and therefore take its magnetic intensity as unity. As
we have shown, its value is actually unity at the earth's surface but not at the
surface of other bodies. It is introduced here because the equation then becomes
true not only on the earth's surface but universally.—G. E. S,
 176

Jfotos from ^otoljere

The author of the clever "Fairy Tale" in the Astrologer's Annual for
1907, advances the suggestion that each zodiacal sign has a "pet phrase"
of its own. It would be an interesting experiment, and one which anyone
can try, to see how far this is home out by experience. The " pet phrases "
in the fairy tale are given below, where for the convenience of the casual
reader the dates of birth of those coming especially under the said sign are
also appended:
Aries—I am Mar. 21 to Apr. 20
Taurus—I have Apr. 20 ,, May 20
Gemini—I should like May 21 ,, June 20
Cancer—I want June 21 „ July 21
Leo—I will July 22 .. Aug.2t
Wrgo—I mustn't Aug. 22 ., Sept. 21
Libra—Let me Sept. 22 ,, Oct. 22
Scorpio—I shan't Oct. 23 .. Nov. 21
Sagittarius—I see! Nov. 21 ,, Dec. 20
Capricorn—Btn Dec. 21 ,, Jan. 19
Aquarius—Not exactly Jan. 19 Feb. 18
Pisces— Perhaps Feb. ig ,, Mar. zo
1 should however like to substitute, or at least offer as alternative, certain
phrases for those given, thus : Gemini, Why? F»Vgo, Don't 1 Libra, Yes,
but still—1 Capricorn, For instance. Aquarius, What? all of these
seem to me to be very typical expressions of the signs mentioned.
I hope other readers will communicate their views ; and it seems to me
that the splendid little Manual III., by Mr. H. S. Green, would be a suitable
recompense for the best suggestions on this head, and I have no doubt the
Editor would be pleased to comply. [y«, certainly.—Ed.J
* * * *
Do you pa.y for the copy you are reading ?—Oh, don't start, dear reader!
I am not insinuating that you have begged, borrowed, or stolen your copy,
I am assuming you are (as you ought to be) one of our regular subscribers.
But I repeat: Do you pay for your copy ? Because if you are one of the
scientific, critical, horoscope-studying type—as I am myself—let me tell you
that you do not I And I am wondering if you quite realise this, and all that
it means. The report on the Plebiscite in last month's issue abundantly
shows (in my opinion) that the larger proportion of those who support this
magazine—who furnish the "sinews of war" by which its cheerful pages
are brought before you every month—are not of the scientific or student
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE
type, but belong to that large army of people who have either not the time
or the necessary training and ability to take up the serious ttudy of the
subject, but who have an intuitive sense of the truth of Astrology and who
like to minister to that sense by the perusal of clever and readable, yet
withal simple articles, such as those of I. M. Pagan and Bessie Leo, in
which the essential truths are put forward in a non-technical form. They,—
and not you and I, dear scientific reader,—are the real supporters of the
magazine; they, by their numbers and their cordial good-hearted support
and recommendation, are the people who make Modern Astrology an
accomplished fact, and who carry it forward from year to year, till it has
now nearly reached its "majority"; they,a.nd not you and I, who study it
diligently and then put it away on our shelves and never think of mentioning
it to anybody during the month—they, I say, are the people to whom the
Editor and publishers have really reason to be grateful! Don't you think,
now, that you and I are a little bit to blame for not having done more to
help to spread the knowledge that has meant so much to us ? Shall we be
altogether free from the charge of selfishness and self-seeking (albeit only
intellectual self-seeking), when things come to be reckoned up at the end ?
I fear not; and therefore let us see if in the future we cannot do something
actively to help on the great and self-sacrificing work the Editor and his
wife and the staff of Modern Astrology are engaged in. Let us see if we
cannot do more, in some way or another,—either by getting new subscribers
or in some other way making the magazine more widely known ; or at least
by sending in press-cuttings,items of astrological or other information, hints,
ideas, suggestions for the common good. The magazine has been a good
friend to us; ought we not to try and be a good friend to it ?
* * *
Glancing the other day at my Fashaitu's Astrological Almanack which
hangs on my room wall, I was reminded of an idea which struck me when
considering the article on " A remarkable series of coincidences" which
appeared in Modern Astrology for June, 1907, p. 250, in which a case is
described of a miner who met with a remarkable series of accidents on
August z6th every year for a number of years. The only noteworthy position
—i.e., the only rare position—in the horoscope was Saturn in conjunction
with Neptune in the 26th degree of Aquarius, in the third bouse; and
it is to be observed that the accidents were either to legs below knee, or to
forearm or finger—parts of the body associated with either Aquarius or the
third house. I was struck by the recurrence of the number 26, and wondered
if there could be any connection between the two, August 26 and Aquarius
26. Suddenly it occurred to me that August was the month associated with
Leo, the opposite sign to Aquarius.
178 MODERN ASTROLOGY
This I was inclined to dismiss at first as an empty coincidence, and for
a time I gave no further thought to the matter ; but something recalling my
attention to the subject, I began to wonder if there could be any way of
relating the fixed zodiac or Zodiac of the Constellations to our common
zodiac, in such a way as to make—for instance—the 26th day of August
sympathetically correspond with the 26th degree of Leo. Because if so, I
argued, the curious fatality of this day, in connection with the above extra-
ordinary case, would be explained. First of all I reflected that our civil
year starts on January 1st, the day on which the Sun is (approximately) in
conjunction with Vega and in opposition to Sirius ; and I remembered that
Mr. Sutcliffe in his Hindu Zodiac gives reasons for supposing that the ancient
Zodiac of Constellations was based upon a great circle passing through
Sirius and Vega. Now, I said, if we suppose the First of January to
correspond to Capricorn 1°, then August 26 will correspond to Leo 26' or
very nearly so.
9f;
I have tried to put the matter as simply as possible (although it is not
really quite such a simple matter as this), because I think some useful
results may perhaps be obtained if readers will note whether " unlucky
days," as they are termed, or " lucky " ones either, can be thus related to
significant positions in the native's horoscope,—taking each day of the
month as equivalent to the same degree in the sign associated with it; thus
Jan. 1 = irfi0; Feb. 1 = zri0, and so on. As an instance of what I mean, I
may mention an incident in my own life. On February 13th, 1898, I took a
step which had it turned out otherwise might have altered the whole of my
life, the matter being definitely settled on February 15th: now my M.C. at
birth is 2n40 or 150. This, I am perfectly aware, may be the merest
coincidence : but I cannot point to any other occasion in my life where such
a definite turning point was met and passed ; and none of the planetary
influences at the time seem to show why that particular day should have
marked the actual crucial point.
I offer this suggestion to those who take pleasure in investigation. It
has at least the merit of not being "difficult."
* * * *
It is unfortunate that the necessity of going to press forty-five days
before date of publication renders it quite futile to attempt to include
" topical" items in these pages. Many besides the present writer will
regret this; but it is clearly unavoidable, however regrettable. I am not
therefore attempting it in introducing the following allusion to the prediction
of a writer in The Future Home Journal for September, 1908, that Mr. Taft
would be elected President of the United States, but am merely mentioning
 NEWS FROM N«WHERE 179
it as an instance of successful prediction based upon astrological methods.
The writer, after a few remarks ou the horoscopes of Messrs. Taft, Sherman,
Bryan, Hisgen, Chafin and Debs, and having commented upon their
sympathy or otherwise with the horoscope of the United States (for which,
by the way, see Modern Astrology, Vol. I., New Series, p. 136), says:
Now from a summary of the two above Dotations \sic! possibly a misprint for
nativities], we find that Taft has the best and most favourable aspects and therefore,
according to astrology, he will be elected President of the United States. We also
find that Hisgen will also be a close opponent, as will Chafin the Prohibitionist. I
do not know what to make of Bryan's position, but it is not for me to say. Accord-
ing to the above summaries Bryan will be a bad loser, although it is clearly the
best opportunity of his lifetime.
This seems worthy of being placed ou record as a fulfilled prediction.
As I have only a cutting of the journal to refer to, I cannot say where
it is published, but I see it is " entered as Second Class, Jnly 3rd, 1908, at the
Post Office at New York, N.Y.," and this may be of assistance to those who
desire to read the article in the original, and also the horoscope of Mr. Taft
by the same writer which appeared in the previous issue, namely that for
August, 1908.
F. Z. L.

STUDENTS' CORNER
Students will be interested in studying the horoscope of a lady born
at 10 p.m., October 12th, 1869, Lincolnshire, for she died in childbirth,
having twins at Christmas, 1905. Her husband was born at 6.30 p.m., May
25th, 1869.
The nativities of dwarfs are always interesting, and the following data
should be very useful: " A " born at 9 p.m., August 27th, 1889, Winchester.
This dwarf is dumb, and if the decanates are carefully considered, a good
deal of light will be thrown upon this horoscope. The decanate of the
rising sign (Taurus) is Virgo, and the square aspect of Neptune to the Sun
(in Virgo) should be noted ; the ruling planet Venus is in the Pisces decanate
of Cancer (note Venus in square aspect to Uranus); Mars is in the Sagit-
tarius decanate of Leo (note Mars square ascendant); Saturn is in the Aries
decanate of Leo in the twelfth (note Saturn lord of the tenth, and Uranus
in square to the M.C.); Mercury is in the Taurus decanate of Virgo and in
square to Jupiter. Many other points of interest may be discovered by
diligent study.
The next case, " B," born at 6 p.m., October 19th, 1875,10 Somerset,
shows by no means a prepossessing dwarf, but the parents are much attached
to her, and she can give childish recitations and make herself very amusing
at times. Note that the Capricorn decanate of the same sign, Taurus, is
rising, with Mars conjunction M.C. and square to the Sun ; note also Virgo
decanate of Capricorn on the M.C., and Mercury square to Uranus. The
study of the other decanates will prove equally interesting.
 i8o

Bcatlj of ©{jarubcl

Mr. John Thomas, well known to readers by the name of

"Charubel," died on November nth, 1908, at 11.40 p.m., at
Manchester, aged 82 years 2 days. He had had two paralytic strokes
and had been confined to his bed since the beginning of the year.
A delineation of Mr. Thomas's horoscope, with an account of his
life, will be found in the New Edition of How to Judge a Nativity,
Part II. He was born November 9th, 1826, at 7 a.m., in 52o40'
N. latitude," jjg' West longitude, when the house and planetary
positions were as under.

X. XI. XII. I. II. III.

ifBO.52 =a3 ^26 ttll3.28 ^13 V32I
^ O 9 « <P ¥ J }>
long. ® 5-43^ 11116.22 t 2.6 *29.50 V311.50 B20.49 V322.16 X16.52
dec. N 22.21 S 1.12 S 16.45 S 22.30 S 27.44 S 22.11 S 22.20 S 23.15 S 0.42

The Sun was rising in Scorpio in sextile to Neptune, Uranus,

and Mars in Capricorn, and in trine to the Moon in Pisces. These
positions account for the very positive nature he possessed and for his
strength of will; while the fact that Uranus and Neptune were in
aspect to both the Sun and the Moon point out his fondness for
various forms of occultism and the undoubted psychic faculty he had
possessed normally from his earliest years. Those who knew him
had abundant evidence of the genuineness of this faculty and the
facility with which he could exercise it. Like all other seers he was,
of course, not always correct, but his successes were very remarkable.
A year or two ago his book on the Psychology of Plants, Minerals and
Precious Stones, was published. In his articles called Geozonic Spheres
he published an account of what he considered to be the constitution
of the earth, in which he largely anticipated Mr. A. P. Sinnett's
information on the same subject; but Mr. Thomas's views were
written down as far back as 1881, and he claimed to have actually
seen clairvoyantly the concentric spheres of which he maintained the
earth was composed.
 THE DEATH OF CHARUBEL 181

Mr. Thomas was twice married ; firstly on and July, 1852, under
the directions Gp-fc^p, GpP^r, j)p*?r; and secondly on 10th
December, 18g8, under the directions GpM9r, p p* ? p, with the
progressed ascendant very close to a conjunction with Neptune. It
will be noticed that, in his horoscope, the Moon and Venus were both
in double signs.
The progressed positions corresponding to November, 1908, and
to bis death, were as follows :
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
11126.5 ; 14 >30 >320.16 x 19 bi
V s^igsGliJ
long. ® 0.0^ £=14.26^. / 29.27 >314 40 W25.3 ''J2447 ~ I9-42 17.41 K 24.47
dec. 23.37 422 17.56 2154 21.39 22.33 7.50 0.59 2.42
The following directions all measured to within a year of his
death, and most of them to within about a month of it.
Asc. pPvp Spdipp
Asc. p << (p r sp*rfp
Opz^p ])P<<]) r—Oct-.rgoS
The ascendant had progressed until it was only half a degree
from the radical Uranus ; Mercury, lord of the eighth and ruler of
the nervous system (he died after two paralytic strokes) was in con-
junction with the progressed Uranus ; the Sun was in semi-square to
Mars ; and the Moon was passing over its own place at birth, the end
of a cycle that often marks important changes in the life.
H. S. Green.

A Good Idea.—A Colonial correspondent writes ;—" I must tell you of

a new departure I made yesterday, by reading characters by Astrology at a
' gift tea' given by the Anglican Vicar and his wife in aid of a bazaar. I
may add that our Vicar is an exceptionally broad-minded man, with whom
I nave great discussions. He is quite willing to read Theosophy, and
beariog that I was interested in Astrology, he himself suggested my enter-
taining the visitors in that way. It worked all right. I obtained date and
year of birth; and then gave short readings, based on solar and lunar
positions, also giving lucky day, birth-stone, planet and colour, which
interested them extremely. They mostly admitted the correctness of the
judgment. I dressedjmy books {Astrology for All, Paris I. and //.) up in
purple velvet covers, embroidered with the T.S. symbol in gold silk, and
they looked very mysterious and interesting. I hope to do a little more of
the same thing next week when the bazaar itself is held, as the Vicar said
lots of others wanted readings but had not time." This seems an idea
worth the attention of our home readers.
 ®b£ Xato of %arma in Operation as Hebealeb bp

llatrologp

In A Study of Consciousness by Mrs. Besant, on pp. g8-ioo we read:

" When the time of reincarnation comes, and the presence of the permanent
atom renders possible the fertilisation of the ovum from which the new body
is to grow, its keynote sounds out, and is one of the forces which guide the
. elemental charged with the building of the physical body.
But it is only one of the forces ; the karma of past lives, mental, emotional,
and in relation to others, demands materials capable of the most varied
expressions; out of that karma the Lords of Karma have chosen such as is
congruous. . . . This congruous mass of karma determines the material
group, over-riding the permanent atom, and out of that group are chosen hy
the Elemental such material as can vibrate in harmony with the permanent atom,
or in discords not disruptive in their violence (italics mine). Hence, as said, the
permanent atom is only one of the forces in determining the third 'colour'
or 'keynote ' or ' temperament' which characterises each of us. According
to this temperament will be the time of the birth of the body ; it must be born into
the world at a time when the physical planetary influences are suitable to its third
temperament, and it thus is born under its astrological star (italics mine again).
Needless to say it is not the star which imposes the temperament, but the
temperament that fixes the epoch of birth under that star. But herein lies
the . . . usefulness, for educational purposes, of a . . . horoscope
as a guide to the personal temperament."
In the above condensed extract you have in a nutshell the state of the
case. Astrology reveals the Law of Karma in actual manifestation, that is
the fact, and perhaps it will be useful to consider for a while how it can be
that Astrology should really prove a help, and in what way, to the study of
one's own character and karma, and also that of other people.
Let us at the outset get quite clear as to what we mean by " character."
Character, as we most of us understand it, is as much of the Ego's true nature
as contrives to reveal itself through the many meshes of matter through
which it has to force its way. One of these meshes, and a very tight one,
is temperament. In fact, up to a certain point, temperament is character;
when the personal temperament has been more or less transcended, or at
any rate recognised as a factor for which a margin must be allowed, we
begin to get a bit higher. But we can only get up higher by growing through.
 THE LAW OF KARMA
the lower. The strength of a chain is its weakest link, and the tempera-
ment for all practical purposes is the character—the personality is the ego
—until the higher has controlled it.
And now, what has Astrology got to do with it ? Those who have care-
fully studied Mr. G. R. S. Mead's recent articles in the Theosophical Review,
particularly "Adumbrations," " Guesses at what to expect," and "Concern-
ing the Art of Symbolism," also C. E. Wood's paper on the " Group-Soul,"
will be prepared to realise something of what is meant by saying that the
small is a reflection of the great, and that from the phenomena of the one we
cau infer the condition of the other.
This principle, so tersely expressed in the formula " as above so below,"
finds in Astrology—and in Astrology ouly in my opinion—its full, logical
development. I need not bother you with any technical illustrations. If I
attempted anything of the kind, it would only amount in the end to using a
lot of words which, though they might have very definite meanings to me,
would have next to no meaning at all, or (far worse) which might convey an
altogether wrong impression to you.
There are Houses, Signs and Planets. The Signs rule the Houses, the
Planets rule the Signs. The way in which these interact in any given
horoscope constitutes the difference between that horoscope and another.
One word here. Don't take an astrologer's opinion ; study the matter for
yourself i the proof of the pudding is in the eating.
The positions of the stars at birth show the various centres of conscious-
ness in our great Father, the Logos, in their relation to the birthplace of the
person ; his own etheric aura must respond to or follow the course of the
planetary system ; as the phonographic cylinder rotates, so the diaphragm
must move.
The particular stellar chord sounded at birth will form the leit-motif for
that soul throughout the current incarnation. If he is a Mahatma, he may
possibly transcend it; if he is a Theosophist, he may endeavour to live up to
it; if he is a fool, he will faucy he is independent of it; but if he is a
sensible man, and finds himself with a brain capable of grasping Astrology,
he will study the subject; like a wise steward, he will apply himself
diligently to his own horoscope, which is his real estate, striving to
make out the utmost extent of his possible resources, and the true cause of
his weaknesses and moral poverty.
Karma is understood by most people, it would seem, as a nuisance.
But it is our spiritual food ! " Give us this day our daily work " prays an
American seer. Karma is at once our task and our salary, our labour and
our bread. Some days more jobs and less food, other days more food and
less jobs, but a fair average all round. Karma is the fruitage of our past
lives—the fruitage, mark the word ; that which by eating, i.e., by masticating,
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
swallowing and digesting, only can we continue in strength. Work is always
a nuisance if one dreads it, always more or less of a joy if one welcomes it;
the attitude of soul is the only thing that makes the difference. For I am
sure all must have been struck with the fact that it is those "worst off" in
the ordinary sense who are as a rule the brightest, the happiest, and the
hardest workers.
Astrology applied to the personal horoscope shows us the personal
temperament and character; shows us how most of the karma will
probably work out, and its general tendency; and much better still, it shows
us the enormous amount of rich, fallow land still unclaimed or uncultivated
in each one of us. But far better even than this, Astrology, closely and
reverently studied, shows us that in verity we are ojic, not many—one light
in many gems, one soul with many limbs. A limb is a limitation; but
equally a limitation is a limb, if we will only make it so.
It helps us to understand our fellows and to see the whole of life,
personal or family, corporate or individual, as a vast piece of music, in
which the most trivial tap of the drum or squeal of the flute is artistically
chosen to fit an appropriate effect. In this sense we begin to regard karma,
not as a tedious exercise, but as an orchestral part, very, very dull to
practise at home, but delightful, inspiring, to perform among our fellows in
the orchestra, the rhythm ot which we find ever and anon punctuated by an
echo caught, a vibration felt from afar, the throb and hum of cosmic motion,
the footsteps of the dancers, the voices of the singers, the laughter of the gods.
"Gamma " in "Theosophy in New Zealand" September, 1908.

The Birth-date of Franijois Chopin, the Composer.—On p. 130

of our March issue, this was given as 1/3/1809, which according to the
following extract from the Daily Telegraph of as/a/'og would appear to be
erroneous : " Originally it was Mr. Godowsky's idea, bydrawing up a Chopin
programme for his recital at Bechstein Hall yesterday afternoon to mark
the centenary of that composer's birth. A little investigation convinced the
pianist, however, that his intention was based upon an error, a year having
still to'elapse ere the time is ripe for any such celebration." We append
the planetary positions for 1/3/18x0, and readers can draw their own
conclusions as to its accuracy from an astrological point of view :—0H10,
£lCfi5. S~i8, ?X7. (JTS, VT25. •? #15. ^#8.
 185

flcbwtofi

[The space available being exceedingly limited a long time has often to
elapse before Reviews can appear and we mast ask authors and publishers to
forgive this unavoidable delay ; they are reminded that books not dealing with
Astrologv or allied subjects but with psychism, etc., are rather outside our sphere,
and thai we cannot, consequently, always undertake to review them.—Ed.]

Solar Research
Transactions oe the International Union for Co-operation
in Solar Research, Vol. 11. (Third Conference). [Manchester ;
University Press, viii., 244, with plates, js. 6d.)
Never has the Sun been studied by astronomers so assiduously
as to-day. Ever since Kirchhoff, Huggins, and the rest demonstrated
the immense importance of spectrum analysis the great orb has
claimed more and more attention, until there are philosophers who
consider themselves amply repaid by devoting their whole lives to the
elucidation of his secrets. This is the day of specialism in science.
The day of the Admirable Crichton is for ever gone. The solar
physicist as a rule finds neither time nor inclination to wander off into
other realms. His one subject demands his highest and his best. So
fully is this recognised that the world's ablest astronomers are now
banded together into an " International Union for Co-operation in
Solar Research," and a handsome illustrated volume of their Transac-
tions lies before us as we write, prefaced by a beautiful photograph
of the veteran, Jules Janssen, who was called away a few months after
entertaining his brother savants at Meudon. In this elaborate book,
written in English and French, we have a full exposition of the
methods and progress of the Union, with an occasional glimpse at the
costly and elaborate apparatus necessary for the various departments
of research, and some remarkable spectrographs of the chromosphere
obtained by aid of the Meudon instruments. A glance through this
book would at once dazzle and dishearten the amateur solar student if
he did not recollect that the Sun still condescends to unveil occasional
secrets to less pretentious workers. The late Rev. Frederick Howlett
showed the world what a 3-inch telescope could do, and the great
International Union need uot discourage the earnest worker with
small optical means who may still pick up a crumb that falls from
their table, or glean modestly in their wake. Their ways are not his
ways, nor have they driven him from the field, except, of course, in
their own particular departments, though even here the humble
amateur of to-day may become the specialist of the future.
It seems a far cry from the technicalties of this report to the
efforts of a Schwabe and a Carrington—to the day when even Sir
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

John Herschel thought of the Sun as covered with huge living creatures
" the least covering a greater space than the British Islands! " This
was his view within the memory of many now living and if Sir John
Herschel was not a scientific man, who (we ask) is worthy of that
name? Scientific thought is in a constant state of flux, and we com-
mend this idea to those who may be appalled when some great don or
other denounces Astrology in the name of "science!" We gladly
express our wonder and admiration at the noble work of our solar
observers. It is left to the astronomer to take the invidious course of
condemning Astrology without even pausing to examine it! Our
pages have quite lately borne testimony to this extraordinary and
eminently unscientific attitude. Let our astronomers be judged by
one of the ablest of their own exponents. In his fine volume Astro-
nomical Discovery, Professor H. H. Turner takes particular pains
to point out that Schwabe entered on his sunspot work in the very
teeth of the scientific opinion of his day. Keil), Cassini, Le Monnier,
Lalande, Delambre and other high authorities had in turn condemned
as foolish and fatuous the systematic study of sunspots. It was
Athanasius contra tnundum with a vengeance. " It will be evident,"
says the Savilian Professor, " that Herr Schwabe had the courage to
enter upon a line of investigation which others had practically con-
demned as likely to lead nowhere, and that his discovery was quite
contrary to expectation. It is a lesson to us that even the most
unlikely line of work is not to be despised ; for the outcome of Schwabe's
work was the first step in the whole series of discoveries which have
gradually built up the modern science of Solar Physics." In other
words, if Schwabe had not patiently braved the scientific dogmatism
of his day the splendid volume before us would still have been in
embryo! Scientific men may well hear these things in mind when
they condemn Astrology. I have every belief myself that the day is
not so far distant when astronomers will be compelled to return to the
morephilosophicview of their ancestors and recogtiise that the heavenly
bodies are the centres of influence none the less real or important
because it is beyond the reach even of their most refined and
elaborate apparatus.
Arthur Mee.
The Co-Mason. A Quarterly Journal of all matters of interest to Co-
Masons. Annual Subscription, is. 6d., foreign, 3s. / single copies, 8d.net;
post free {to be had of L.N. Fowler Co., 7, Imperial Arcade, E.C.).
No. i, January, 1908.
Space does not permit of more than a very brief notice of this
enterprising and interesting publication, which all Masons will do well
to procure and read ; for the article on " Symbolism" is alone worth the
price charged.
Of special interest to our own readers is a series of articles
on " Astrology and Co-Masonry," by our Editor.
With regard to the Co-Masonic movement in England the
fallowing may be quoted :
 REVIEWS

" The Co-Masonic movement owes its origin to the zeal and
enthusiasm of Dr. Georges Martin, a French Mason of the 33rd
degree. It was in the year 1892 that lie, with a number of Br.
Masons, introduced the first woman, Maria Deraisme, of well known
literary ability, into the ranks of the Fraternity—until then so carefully
guarded against the " intrusion " of woman,
" The ideal of man and woman working together, hand in hand, in
mutual trust and confidence—working to raise humanity to a purer,
broader, nobler realisation of life's aims—fired the enthusiasm of our
French brothers. They worked with ever-increasing ardour, forming
many Lodges in diflerent parts of the country under the obedience of
the Supreme Council. But the larger ideas were not destined to be
confined to our continental brothers, and in 1902 the first Lodge on
English soil—"Human Duty" No. 6—was inaugurated in London
by a deputation of the Supreme Council, many members of that
body coming over to help the movement on this side of the water.
Sister Annie Besant and six others were the founders of this first
English Lodge.
" They were assisted and encouraged by a number of old English
Masons, who became interested in the broader views and the more
spiritual interpretations given to the ancient masonic symbolism.
During the last six years much work has been done, and many Lodges
working under the Sc. ■ . R, ' . exist in England, Scotland, Holland,
Italy, and Germany, Not only in Europe has the movement taken
root: America boasts of several Lodges working harmoniously under
the Co-Masonic Obedience, and India, the motherland of all spiritual
knowledge, has masonic temples in some of her great cities, where
Brothers and Sisters meet on an equal footing."
In two articles, ' Foreshadowing," by Edith Ward, and " A
Critical Enquiry," by A. Lewis, the question is raised as to whether the
admission of women to Masonry is quite such a " modern innovation "
as is generally assumed.
Further information may be obtained by those interested from
the office of the Editor, 13, Blomfield Road, Paddington, W.
The get-up and style of this journal is first class in every way.
A. H. B.

Practical Health. By Edmund Leasder Whipple. [Mtta-

physical Publishing Co., 500, Fifth Avenue, New York ; cloth, $1.50 net.)
A book of undoubted value to all earnest health seekers and to
those interested in the welfare ol humanity. The truth of its
principles cannot be gainsaid. In so clearly setting forth the great
powers of thought and self-government it should appeal especially to
those who yearn to aid in the growth of a happier world. The moral
tone of the book is of the highest, inasmuch as the fulfilment of its
teaching must inevitably result in universal brotherhood.
 i88

^fitters to tlje (Ebitor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (r) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (2I that planetary positions, as
will as birth data, should always be given where possible; and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness ? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

" Phonetics and the Zodiac "

Dear Sir,
A short time ago a book called Tht Book of Knowledge, by
Godfridus, dated 16^5, fell into my hands—it is full of curious instruc-
tions and information all printed in Old English. This book at one
time belonged to a Mr. " Roger Twyesden—his booke—Aprill 24th,
1662." I copy the following from some of its pages and I trust some
of your readers will explain the processes used in making calculations.
" Divide anything in seven by the proper name of those letters;
I will tell which of the seven it is by the other number divided by
nine."
(Then follows an alphabet.)
"A = 3 1=3 R = 8
B = 4 K = 5 S = 13
C = 2 L = 6 T = 2
D = 2 M = 25 W=33
E = 3 N = 25 X = 98
F = 4 O = 12 Y = 56
G = 2 P = 13 Z = 56"
H = 5 Q = 14
(What on earth does this mean and is it connected with what follows ?)
" To know the weather that shall be all the year, after the change
of every Moon, by the Prime Dayes."
" Sunday Prime dry weather
Monday „ moist weather
Tuesday „ cold and windy weather
Wednesday „ marvellous weather
Thursday „ fair and clear weather
Friday ,, fair and foul weather
Saturday „ rainy weather "
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

(I suppose Prime means New Moon ?)

" A rule to know upon what Letter, what Hour, what Minute as
folioweth."
Prime upon Hours Minutes
A 29 9
B 4 5
C 13 1
D 20 18
E 28 12
F 21 4
G 13 40
" Evermore thus reigneth these seven Planets, first reigneth
Saturn, then Jupiter" and so on, giving the order of the rule and
describing the planetary hours as usual).
Then follow some remarks on the Science of Phlebotomy—then
again something Kaballistic which I^give :
"Goodhap Mishap Mishap '
i, 1 13 cn
(A 2 H 24 o
3 16 26 3o
o-s
10 4 17 23
6 18 27
CQ 11 8 10
20

" Est vesper esplaton Beam pull Philosophic,"

7 19
7 21 28 a
a
9 23 29 §
12 25 30
15 g
o
' Collige per numeres aliquid cupus esse.
Paudrejtingefiniulatttm fereaque diem,"

'A 3 K = 15 R = 4 " Sunday 13

B 6 L = 21 S = 29 Monday 18
12 M = 19 T = 28 T uesday 15
D 20 N = 31 W = 4 Wednesday 11
E 26 O = 32 X = 6 Thursday 11
F 35 P = 14 Y = 6 Friday 15
G 3 Q = 16 2=3' Saturday 26.'

(No H is given in the book.)

" Thus endeth the Sphear of Platon."
Weldon Library, Yours faithfully,
18, Chowringee Road, Calcutta, D. S. Dupf.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The Planet Neptune

Dear Sir,
There is much in "Aiiai'ah's" letter (p. 91) with which I
agree and sympathise, especially when read in conjunction with your
Editorial Note. The terms " mystic " and " occult " are both sadly
abused nowadays, and their meaning is little appreciated.
I cannot quite agree with the apparent assumption that the
Neptunian or mystical temperament is necessarily dreamy or un-
practical. This depends on how far its true influence is carried into
the life, and made to rule and regulate action on the mundane plane.
It relates to perceptions which are outside the range of Saturn, inde-
pendent of limitations of space and time, and which take cognisance
of the eternal verities, Neptune and Pisces are connected with the
twelfth house, sometimes called the house of self-undoing, but really
signifying the loss of the lower self and the finding of the Higher
Self. When the Higher Self has established its rule, the person may
be intensely practical from a high standpoint; the " practical mystic,"
as is well known, may be a real power in the world. Until that state
is attained we have the preliminary stage in which, as your corre-
spondent hints, enforced renunciation may come as a blessing in dis-
guise, to elevate and educate the higher nature. It is, however, only
the unreal that needs to be renounced, that the real may remain
with us.
Sarastro.

Can Anyone Explain This ?

Dear Sir,
I have had a " poser " given me, and as I can't solve it,
have much pleasure in passing it on to your readers.
A friend of mine finds that the best period almost invariably of
each month is just about the time when the Sun goes into another
sign. On January 22nd, 'og, for instance, he received news that he
had drawn a small prize in a Continental lottery, and on December
23rd, '08, he pulled off some business that for months he had wished
to secure. Apparently it does not matter one jot whether the sign
entered is friendly or hostile to 0 or X)i opportunity knocks at his
door then. What is the explanation ? I give his natal figure :
Hocses
X. XI. XII. 1. II. III.
a 3.30 nn as 19 ji 18.48 1^2,7 ^3.1
Planets
,51.15.10 815.27 059.2 1528.44 -t27.i9 2116.55 028.5 T24^'
Yours very truly, F. B. G.
[Possibly the suggestion advanced by " F. Z. L. " in " News
from Nowhere " may be applicable here ? It is to be noted, too, that the
Sun is very near the Ascendant, which corresponds to the entry of the
Sun into Aries and hence may have some relation to the entry of the
Sun into each sign.—Ed.]
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 191

The Inter-relationship of the Fixed Signs

Dear Sir,
It has several times been drawn to our attention
that the moveable, fixed and common group of signs of the
Zodiac are in sympathy, and that when a planet is afflicted (or
afflicting) in one sign, the organs ruled by the other signs of the
same group are often afliected by sympathy. This has several times
come under my notice, notably in the case of fixed signs.
A medical student has brought to my notice several cases in
which a person has become a physical wreck by the abuse of the
organ ruled by the sign 111 (Scorpio). The symptoms which followed
are clearly seen to fall under one of the other signs of the m,
group, viz., S SI "l and ar.
I shall give one of the several cases :
Mr, M—, now a complete wreck from that terrible (m) practice,
first suffered with the symptoms vulgarly known as " Clergyman's
throat," a Taurus influence ; shortly after this came the symptoms
of failing and dim vision, Aquarius influence; and finally,
severe palpitation of the heart, SI Leo influence ; all these spring
from the iq organ becoming deranged. Mr. M— some time ago
attempted suicide but failed to effect it, the revolver bullet passing
through the side of his neck. Unfortunately, I am unable to supply
his birth data.
Now if the Medicos cannot deny that these are the chief symptoms
brought about by the abuse of the m organ, neither can they deny
that the signs h SLni and x: (which for ages past have been associated
with the organs which the chief symptoms affect) are in some occult
manner concerned with the disease.
Yours faithfully,
D. S. D.

Letters from Prize Winners

Dear Sir,
I owe you an apology for not having written ere now to
thank you for the valuable prize received last month, namely the New
Edition of How to Judge a Nativity, Part I. (Competition No. 8). I
find the arrangement excellent, and consider it fully worth double the
price of the original edition. I'm sure to refer to it constantly in
preference to the old edition.
This morning I received Practical Astrology as a special prize for
November, '07 (p. 491) Competition. [See p. 85, February, 1908.]
This is a surprise, for 1 expected that there would be many who could
judge the matter correctly and better than one so inexperienced as
myself. I am very glad, however, that I've merited the prize, for I've
been anxious to see Practical Astrology, which a first glance tells me I
shall find novel, and useful to pass on to friends, who might wish to
have some some notion of what Astrology is.
At this moment I have a friend, a young lady doctor, who doesn't
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

know the time of her birth, but has ^ S D> probably njj rising, and
who is deeply interested in occult matters, and very anxious that I
should tell her all about herself from beginning to end! and half
sceptical because I tell her I'm handicapped by having to guess her
rising sign !! I wonder how she'll like the work when I lend it to
her after perusal. She may possibly join the ranks of your students.
Again thanking you for the prizes,
"The Folly," Yours sincerely,
Signal Pagoda Road, Cantonments, Freanv Parakh.
Rangoon.
27/i/'o9-
Dear Sir,
Very many thanks for the prize volume How to Judge a
Nativity, Part I. (Competition No. 7), which I received this morning.
A glance through its pages reveals the fact that it is a work of the
highest practical value to astrological students. Again thanking you,
39, Erlanger Road, I am, yours very truly,
New Cross, S.E. John H. Forrester.
October $ist, 1908.
Dear Sir,
I am delighted to find that I have won a prize in Competi-
tion No. 9, especially as this is my first attempt at a Delineation in
your Magazine. I have chosen for my prize, How to Judge a Nativity,
Part 11., New Edition. This will almost complete my set of your
books, which, I consider, form a magnificent Astrological Library.
I should like to say here, that whatever knowledge I have gained
of Astrology during the one and a half years in which I have studied
the Science has been gained through your books, and from Modern
Astrology.
Wishing you every success in your great work,
8, Cavendish Mansions, I am, yours sincerely,
West Hampstead, N.W. Annie Lewton.
January 26th, 1909.
Dear Sir,
I have just received my copy of How to Judge a Nativity,
Part /., Second Edition, which I chose as my prize in Competition
No. 10, and I am quite sure I shall find it invaluable in the future.
I shall regard it as one of my treasures, for everything seems so clearly
dealt with that there will be no difficulty in settling any point on
which one consults it.
I think your Competitions make excellent practice for students
like myself, for we can exercise a free hand in delineating them, as
the natives are strangers to us; and in these cases, as in so many
other affairs, experience is the best teacher.
3, Wyresdale Road, Wishing you all future success,
Bolton; Sincerely yours,
February 26tk, 1909. S. M. Latham,
iWobmt Esttrologg

Vol. VI. MAY, rgog. No. 5.

New Series.

®lje (Editor's (©bserbatorp

Many applications have been made by students of Astrology,

since the advent of the "Astrology for All" series of books, for what
has been termed a Students' Astrological Guild.
Jtab-ologicaJ Hitherto I have not been desirous of assuming
Guild the responsibility of such an important under-
taking, but recent events have overcome my
scruples and caused me to entertain a suggestion personally made to
me by one whose motives, I am sure, are quite earnest and sincere.
As the following letter embodies the idea, I now place it upon
record as the initial step leading to the formation of this Guild.
Dear Mr. Leo,
With reference to our conversation of Wednesday and your
request that I should put my suggestion into form, the following is what I
think best expresses what I mean.
That you should institute what might be termed a " Students' Astro-
logical Guild," the members of which should be eligible for two examinations
in the Science, the first Elementary, the second Advanced. A certificate
to be awarded, in both cases, on passing; the fees for examination to be
respectively ro/- and £1—the student pledging himself not to practise
professionally until he has passed the Advanced Examination.
The Elementary Examination to consist of questions bearing on the
Zodiac, the Planets, the Houses, how to calculate Aspects, bow to erect a
Map, how to place the Planets in the Map; the erecting of an Example
Horoscope and its workings to be part of the examination.
The Advanced Examination to treat of directions and judgment; the
judgment of a test horoscope to be part of this examination.
Those who pass these examinations would then be competent to act as
tutors, for whom there is a growing demand.
This is my idea very broadly put. I hope it may lead to your seeing
your way to granting Diplomas in connection with your great work.
 MOD11RN ASTROI-OGY
Might it not be worked through Modern Astrologv with success ?—at
any rate it might be introduced in that way perhaps ?
Yours truly,
March 12th, 1909. E— J—

I have, after mature thought, decided to give the suggestion a

practical trial for six months, and then suspend the issue of diplomas or
certificates for another six months in order that I
Six^SmathB may judge of the use that will be made of them.
An advertisement will therefore be found in
this issue, setting forth the idea in a simple and concise manner,
for the benefit of those who wish to avail themselves of the
opportunity thus afforded to obtain certificates as suggested by my
correspondent.
* *
I have for some time been in possession of the unpleasant know-
ledge that there are many persons, who pretending to understand
Astrology, advertise themselves as astrologers, and
The Motive g've "Judgments," so-called, that have no real
Counts Jtidgment in them.
I hope that no one will be so foolish as to
think that those practising Astrology, and not holding a certificate
from Alan Leo, are necessarily either incompetent, or not what they
actually profess to be. Should this be one of the results of the
suggestion, I should certainly not issue any further Certificates after
the proposed temporary suspension.
It may, however, come to be known that those who hold these
Certificates are, more or less, attracted to my own peculiar method
of presenting the subject, which—as is now generally understood—is
quite different from those who hold a more materialistic and less
philosophic view of Astrology. My own part in the matter is simply
a responsive one, actuated by the belief that the request is genuine
and my help really needed, in order to further the interests of the
cause, to which all who know me know that I have devoted my life.

Further, there is a wish often expressed, especially by students

residing in the provinces and abroad, that I consider worthy of
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY

attention. It takes various forms, but chiefly

s an a
^Laoturas"^ ' PPlication for help, and advice, with
regard to the manner in which Astrology may be
explained either by a lecture or an essay to be brought before those
who know nothing whatever about the subject.
11 am therefore writing a first lecture entitled Astrology in
Theory, which I intend to have printed for general use by those
who require a presentation suitable for a mixed audience. It carries
full permission to be used by anyone at any time or place, and can be
sold at the end of a lecture or discussion.
The month opens with showery weather, and is more or less
settled until the middle of the month; 14th and
^0bfMMryathar ^ne an^ warm> tm' the close of the month
will be stormy and unsettled.

Dr. Rudolf Steixek.—Our readers will be aware that a short bio-

graphy of Dr. Steiner, with a delineation of his horoscope, appears in
How to Judge a Nativity, Part II. (Second Edition), just published. Those
who have read it will be especially interested in the appended list of
lectures, etc., to be given in Germany by this distinguished man during the
present year.
I. Cologne. April 10th. 1 ith : Easter.—Augustinerplatz 7.
D'usseldorf. April izth-aand.—Spiritual Hierarchies and their reflection in the
physical world (Kosmos, Zodiac, Planets).
II. Christiaxia. May gth-22nd.—"Theosophy in its relation to the Apocalypse."
III. Budapest. June 3rd-i2th.—" From Buddha to Christ."
IV. Casscl. June 24th-July 7th.—" The Gospel of St. John." (Its relation to the
other Gospels).
V. Munich. August 22nd.—"The Children of Lucifer." Mystery-drama by
Hdouard Schure (performed by members T.S. under the direction of
Dr. Steiner).
Munich. August 23rd-3ist.—" The Orient in the Light of the Occident. The
Children of Lucifer and the Brothers of Christ."
VI. Basle. September isth-26th.—" The Gospel of St. Luca."
N.B.—For fuller information please apply to Miss M. von Sivers, Berlin W.,
Motzstrasse 17 (Headquarters of the German Theosophical Society].
We have received an important contribution by Mr. H. S. Green,
" Notes on Electricity and Magnetism," which throws much light on the
puzzling question of parallels of declination. We hope to print it next
month.
The article on "Pisces" by Miss Isabelle M. Pagan has been duly
received and is already in type, but owing to lack of room it has had to be
held over at the last moment.
We have received a communication regarding Chopin's date of birth
(which it appears was really 22/2/1810): it has been crowded out of this
issue but we hope to find room for it next month.
 ig6

ttb* Jitting ®i«m.

Astrologers, perhaps more than any other body of students,

recognise the impoitance of " times and seasons." Not only do they
study how to perform any important undertaking, but also tt'btn it is
best to undertakeits performance. For, as Shakespeare says : " There
is a tide in the affairs of men, which, taken at the flood, leads on to
Fortune."
" When is the best time for me to attempt such and such an
undertaking ? " is a problem often put before an astrologer, and for
this his aid is often sought to find the right time. Now, although it
must be admitted that very great help is gained by a knowledge
of "directions" for the coming years of life, yet in such "direc-
tions " there is one great asset left out of account; and that is the
character of the persons for whom the " directions " are cast. Is he
or she of the type or disposition to seize the flood tide—or will he
waver and hesitate until the tide ebbs, and the opportunity is gone ?
For it is sometimes the case that two men will have much the same
" directions" for a coming year of life, and yet it will be noticed that,
at the end of this period, one will be found in a widely different
position from the other: the man with energy, who is fully alert and
alive to what is taking place, will have seized the opportunity of
favouring winds and bright sunshine to launch his vessel on the waves
of prosperity ; whilst the other man, wondering, nervous, and doubtful
whether he had not better delay a little longer to make sure of the
apparently fine spell, has waited until the time is past, and it is too
late—for him the right time has come and gone, and yet he could not
seize it while it was the present moment, the " now."
Of course all this spells Character, with a capital C. Some people
spend much time, money and effort in finding out what is to be done,
but, curiously enough, they do not do it! They cannot will and act,
although they can think; and yet it is on a balance of these qualities
that a man's success in life really depends. For the mind can only
see the path to be trodden, but, of itself, it cannot tread it. To the
indifferent man of slothful nature, who will not bestir himself, of what
use the flood tide ?—exertion must go hand in hand with opportunity.
 THE FITTING TIME T
97
Looked at from the most important standpoint time is now, this
present moment, because we have no power over the past and little
over the future, but the present is all our own to shape and mould as
we will.
Many of life's most important issues turn on character, or on
tact, not on talent. Take the case of the man who recently wrote
to the Daily Mail, describing how he came into a fortune. Briefly,
this is his story : " It was Christmas time, and I was in the country
amongst some relatives and friends. At the Christmas dinner my
partner, to my chagrin, turned out to be a most abrupt and peculiar
elderly lady, but as I invariably practise courtesy and politeness with
all the people I meet, I set myself the task of entertaining her, telling
her about the doings of the London world, finding out her tastes as
regards music and art, etc. At first I met with scant success, but
later on she did unbend and even asked me to call on her, stating she
lived quite alone and had few ties of any kind, and often felt very
lonely. Before I returned to town I did call on her, and chatted and
partook of tea, and there the matter ended.—Judge of my surprise
then, when two years later my cousin wrote me that Miss had
died, and left me ^"25,000 by her will!! ! "
Evidently the gentleman in question was bom under the sign
Libra, for to the natives of this sign courtesy is a natural instinct,
and in this particular case it was a virtue which certainly brought its
due reward.
But suppose this gentleman had had this advice given him by
a student of Astrology: "You will reap great benefit from elderly
females"—if, when the opportunity in the shape of the aged lady
presented itself, he had been cool and indifferent, wanting in attention
and politeness, do you think the great benefit would have been reaped ?
No! " Directions," it seems to me, merely give the opportunity; but
one must act, or the opportunity knocks at the door in vain. Two
forces act in unison, exertion and destiny. Action is the result of
character; the force of circumstance must meet the force of character.
The line of action is as potent as the line of thought; some have the
power to think but not to act, some the power to feel but not
to think; yet the man or woman who would be successful must
learn to vibrate as a triangle in thought, feeling, action,—not on one
line, but on three.
 ig8 MODERN ASTROLOGY

To the student of Astrology self-knowledge is the most important

factor of all, for what is the use of knowing every system of " direc-
tions " and every branch of Astrology if one is ignorant of one's own
inner self? We talk and write of planets and principles, sound and
colour, etc., but so long as we remain ignorant of "Self" we must
remain ignorant of what does or does not affect each principle. Many
people, though very learned in astrological lore, are quite ignorant of
the laws of life; they are writing about the cosmos outside and
neglecting their own cosmos—the inner self. And yet the life is more
important than aught else, and none can understand really the wisdom
of the stars who indulges in gluttony or intoxication, or wastes his
substance in the path of secret vice, or lives only for self—to take and
not to give; for a sound and pure mind requires a sound and pure
body, and especially for students of Astrology is the following quota-
tion from an Eastern book applicable—" thou shall not let thy senses
make a playground of thy mind."
Astrologers are always dealing with problems of thought and
life, and it behoves them who must become in the near future teachers
and helpers of the race to understand the within as well as the
without, the " Self" and the self-consciousness, the life as well as the
form.
There are three most potent centres in the body of man, the
heart, the head, and the solar plexus. Now few study their main
centres, or what is more, note the varying states of those centres of
consciousness—which is positive and which negative to the other.
The solar plexus is the brain of the stomach, the centre of the
kamic consciousness; the head is the centre of the psychic conscious-
ness and lower intellect; while true intuition or Higher Consciousness
comes from the heurt.
It is when a man has developed two of these centres very con-
siderably that he becomes ready to take opportunity when it arrives.
He knows that the right moment is, and ever must be the " NOW."
How do we live our life from moment to moment ? Each day is
a life! pregnant with meaning, fraught with destiny, successful or
otherwise. Are we awake or asleep ? Alert, or do we dream our
lives away, drifting on the tide of life ?
I think that the following story, which is taken from a book
called King Assarhadon and Othev Stones, by Tolstoy, will illustrate
 THE FITTING TIME I99
better than any words of mine could do how true it is that the most
important time \snow, and the most important work we have to do is
that which we are at the present moment engaged in.

A king once reflected that if he knew the right time when to

begin every undertaking; if, moreover, he knew with what people he
should work, and with whom he should not; and above all, if he were
always to know which of all undertakings is the most important—
then he would never meet with failure. And having thus reflected,
the king announced through all his realm that he would grant a great
recompense to whoever would teach him hoiv to know the proper time for
every action, who are the most necessary men, and how to avoid making a
mistake as to which is the most important of all undertakings.
Concerning the first question some said that in order to know
the proper time for every action one should beforehand draw up a
programme for every day, month, and year, and strictly adhere to
what has been thus fixed. Only then, said they, would every act be
fulfilled in its proper time. Others said that one could not decide
beforehand when to accomplish each act; but that one should refrain
from distracting oneself with frivolous amusements and be always
attentive to all which is taking place, and then do that which is
required. Others said that however attentive the king might be to
that which takes place one man cannot always correctly decide what
should be done at what time, but he should have the advice of wise
men, and according to this advice should decide when to act.
Others, again, said that there are cases when there is no time to
inquire of counsellors, but when it is necessary to decide on the instant
whether it is the time or not for the beginning of a certain under-
taking. And in order to know this it is necessary to know before-
hand what will take place. And this is known only by the augurs.
And that in order to know the right time for every action, therefore,
one should consult the augurs.
The second question was also answered variously. Some said
that those most necessary to the king were his helpers—the rulers;
others said that those most necessary to him were the augurs ; others,
again, that the men most necessary to the king were the physicians;
and yet others, that the most necessary were the warriors.
In reference to the third question—What is the most important
 2O0 MODERN ASTROLOGY

work ?—some said that the most important work in the world is
science; others said that it is the military art; others said that the
most important thing is the worship of God.
All the answers were different, and therefore the king did not
agree with any of them and did not grant the recompense to anyone.
And in order to ascertain the right answers to his questions he decided
to consult a hermit whose wisdom was held in great repute.
The hermit lived in a wood, never going anywhere else and
receiving only common people. Therefore the king dressed himsell in
simple clothes, and before reaching the hermit's hut with bis
bodyguard he got off his horse, and went alone to see him.
When the king approached, tiie hermit was digging trenches in
his garden. Seeing the king he greeted him and immediately re-
sumed his digging. The hermit was thin and weak, and whilst
thrusting his spade into the earth and turning over small lumps of
soil, he breathed heavily.
The king went up to him and said :
" I have come to thee, wise hermit, in order to ask thee to give
me answers to three questions : What is the time one should bear in
mind and not allow to pass that one may not afterwards repent of it ?
Who are the most necessary men, and consequently with whom
should one work more and with whom less ? And what are the most
important actions and therefore what work amongst all others should
one accomplish first ? "
The hermit listened to the king ; he answered nothing, but spat
into his hand and again began to peck at the ground.
" Thou art tired," said the king. " Give me thy spade ; I will
work a bit for thee."
" I thank thee," said the hermit, and having handed over his
spade he sat down on the ground. Having dug two trenches the king
stopped and repeated his question. The hermit did not answer
anything hut got up and stretched out his hand for the spade.
" Now, rest thou ; let me go on," he said.
But the king did not return the spade, and continued to dig. Aa
hour passed, and then another. The sun had already begun to descend
behind the trees, and the king thrust his spade into the earth and said :
" I came to thee, my wise man, for an answer to my questions.
If thou canst not answer them say so, and I will go home."
 THE FITTING TIME 201

"There is someone running this way," said the hermit. " Let
us see who it is."
The king looked round and saw that a bearded man was
running from the wood. The man had his hands on his stomach ;
from under them flowed blood. Having run up to the king the
bearded man fell down and lay turning up his eyes without moving and
only faintly groaning. The king, together with the hermit, undid the
man's clothes, and discovered a large wound. The king washed the
wound as well as he knew how and bound it up with his handkerchief
and the hermit's towel. But the blood did not cease to flow, and the
king several times took off the bandage soaked with warm blood and
again washed the wound and bound it up. When the blood stopped
the wounded man came to himself and asked for drink. The king
brought some fresh water and gave it to him. The sun had in the
meantime quite set and it had become cool. Therefore the king, with
the help of the hermit, conveyed the bearded man into the hut and
put him on the hermit's bed. Lying on the bed the wounded man
closed his eyes and appeared to fall asleep.
The king was so tired from walking and working that having
begun to doze on the door-sill, he fell asleep, and so deeply that he
slept through the whole of the short summer night ; and when he
awoke in the morning he could not for a long time understand where
be was and who was that strange bearded man lying on the bed and
looking at him fixedly with shining eyes.
" Pardon me, sue ! " said the bearded man in a weak voice, when
he saw the king was awake and was looking at him.
" I do not know thee, and I have nothing to pardon thee for,"
said the king.
" Thou dost not know me, but I know thee. I am that enemy
of thine who had sworn to revenge himself upon thee because thou
hast executed my brother and deprived me of my property. I learnt
that ihou hadst gone alone to the hermit and I decided to kill thee.
I intended auacking thee when thou shouldst be going away. But a
whole day passed and thou didst not come. Then I left my ambush
in order to ascertain where thou wert and I came across thy body-
guard. They recognised me and wounded me. I fled from them,
but losing blood I would have died if thou hadst not dressed
my wound. I wanted to kill thee, but thou hast saved my life. Now
202 MOUKKN ASIKOLOGV

if I should remain alive, and thou shouldst desire it, I will serve thee
as thy most faithful slave and will order my children to do the same.
Pardon me, then, I pray."
The king rejoiced that he had succeeded so easily in making
peace with an enemy and transforming him into a friend; and he
not only pardoned the man but promised to restore to him his property
and also to send his own servants and the royal physician to fetch
him away from the hermit's hut.
Having taken leave of the wounded man the king stepped out
into the porch, looking around for the hermit. Before leaving him
he wished to ask him for the last time to answer the questions he had
put to him. The hermit was in the garden, crawling on his knees by
the trenches, which had been dug the day before; he was planting
vegetable seeds in them.
The king approached him and said : " For the last time, wise
man, I beg thee to answer my questions."
" But they are already answered," said the hermit, seating him-
self on his haunches and peering up at the king standing before him.
" How answered ? " said the king.
" Why plainly," answered the hermit. " If, yesterday, thou
hadst not pitied my weakness and hadst not dug these trenches for
me, but hadst returned alone, that fine fellow would have attacked
thee, and thou wouldst have repented that thou hadst not remained
with me. Consequently, the right time was when thou wert digging
the trenches, and I was the most important man, and the most
important work was to do good to me. Then when the other ran up,
the most important time was when thou wert tending him, for if thou
hadst not dressed his wound he would have died, and that, moreover,
without reconciling himself with thee. Therefore the most important
man then was he, and that which thou didst unto him was the most
important act.
" Thus remember that the most important time is only one—ttotv;
it is the most important because only at that time have we got power
over ourselves; and the most necessary man is </« one with whom at
each present moment we are in touch ; and the most important work is t»
do geoi to him.

I do not think 1 need to add any words to enforce the moral of

 THE FITTING TIME 203

this beautiful little story, which contains a vital lesson that we can all
gain much from, by pondering it well. Let us bear it in our minds
just this day, and endeavour to act according to the principle it sets
forth; and then let us see if, when the time for rest draws nigh, we do
not feel that we have spent a profitable day !
Bessie Leo.

A PKAYEK

Spirit of Love Divine, Who dost all hearts entwine,

Drawing with chords of love nearer to Thee;
Teach me all love is Thine—in Thee all loves combine—
Transmnt.; Thou each love of mine to pure love—love free.
Teach heart and son! to seek only in love to speak;
Grant me Thy spirit meek ; lift me above;
Higher and higher to soar up from this hell-bonnd shore,
Loving Thee more and more—trusting in Love.

Thou, Love, hast led mc far ; wand'ring from star to star ;

Whether in peace or war holding but Thee ;
Dying to live again (links in Thy wondTous chain);
Let me Thy love retain, else cease to be !
O, Breath of Love and Light, open my darkened sight;
Teach me to love aright ; show me Thy power !
With Love's balm ease the smart of my sad aching heart;
O may we never part; love on me shower.

Vibrant, like music's strains, chord that while soothing pains,

Only in stretching gains barmonions tone.
Thus is the heart's harp tuned—pained but to hea!—not wound ;
Kinging the circle round; discord now gone !
Pulsing in chords anew, up to the heavens bine
Rises each note so true—Nature's grand song !
All one glad harmony—pure love's sweet symphony
Beating in euphony starshine among !

Teach mc expansive keys—notes of the birds and trees—

Songs of unfathomcd seas boundless and deep 1
Breathe through the ether wide themes of that deeper tide
On which ethereal ride chords still asleep;
Love's notes awaiting there for morning's breaking fair
In the white song to share around Love's throne.
Thus now, in melody sweeping the heart's strings, we
Pray that e.ternallv Love guide us Home.
Elomas.^

° See letter on pp. 93, 94 of February issue.

 204

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- er TToj n; Pan

The Nativity of Mr. Frederic Jambs

There is an element of novelty about this Competition, inas-
much as the subject is a gentleman who bad at the outset no
knowledge of or belief in Astrology, whatsoever, and only consented to
act as adjudicator at the solicitation of a friend who is a reader of
this Magazine. His conclusions and his criticisms (of which mort
anon) are therefore all the more valuable.

* The particulars of this Cimpetition were given on p. 480 of the October

number. For the conditions to be observed by Competitors, see p 42 of the
January issue.
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 10 205
The "native" is Mr. Frederic James, Mus. Bac. (Cantab),
L.R.A.M., music master of Woodhouse Grove School, and a very
•well-known figure in musical circles in the West Riding of Yorkshire.
As he has modestly ignored a request that he would include a short
biographical sketch in his "adjudication," we extract the following
from an article in the Musical Herald of August 1st, 1899,*—to which
article we must refer readers desirous of further particulars. It is
true that this account is some ten years old, and as Mr. James says,
he has "done a lot" since then ; but it throws useful side-lights on
his character and temperament, and that is, after all, the main interest
of its inclusion here.
" In three things Mr. Frederic James feels a strong interest—in music,
in boys, and in Wesleyan Methodism. Whether or not we have got the
subjects iu the right order, there is no doubt of the fact. Moreover, his
sterling character, sound musicianship, and ability to speak and write have
pressed him to the front in other things—as an adjudicator in choral and
other contests, and in the councils of the Incorporated Society of Musicians,
of which body he is a devoted adherent. . . .
" Mr. James spent his boyhood at Rotherham, where his father, an
enthusiastic amateur, played the organ at the Masboro' Wesleyan Chapel.
The boy began to play at seven or eight, and by the time he was eleven he
deputised at the organ for his father. At this age also he played the double-
bass and violin. In 1871 be became a pupil teacher at the Rotherham
Wesleyan School, and entered the Westminster Training College in 1877.
Here he found Mr, James Thomson, F.R.A.M., installed as music teacher,
and to him Mr. James expresses his indebtedness for much wise advice and
help. Many other Westminster men have borne the same testimony. The
young student was appointed sub-organist of the College Chapel, and
organist of Warwick Gardens Chapel during the ministry of the Rev. F. W.
Macdonald, the new President of the Wesleyan Conference. He also acted
as pianist for the Students' Choral Society. Meanwhile in ordinary subjects
he did well, passing in the first division, and gaining a post at the end of his
term as second master in Ellesmcre Wesleyan School, Sheffield, one of the
largest schools in the Wesleyan Connexion. While working here he lived
at Masboro', and played the organ at the Wesleyan Chapel. This work
lasted five-and-a-half years, when Dr. Vinter, in 1884, offered Mr. James the
post of music master at Woodhouse Grove. The same year he graduated
Mus.Bac. at Cambridge, under Sir George Macfarren's rigorous regime. In
the first examination for this degree his name stood at the top of the first
division. In 1889, he took the L.R.A.M. in Composition, sending in a
concert overture in A for full orchestra, and a Nunc Dimittis for solo,
chorus, and full orchestra.
"Mr. James has been immensely helped in his work at Woodhouse
Grove by bis training as a teacher. System, discipline, the power of
exposition, the ability to be interesting, a knowledge of the boy nature in all

* Copies of this number may still be had, from Messrs. J. Curwen & Sons, of
24, Berners Street, London, W. : price4if., post free. An excellent photograph of
Mr. James is given, which we much regret we are not able to reproduce, as it is
stilt a good likeness.
206 MODERN ASTROLOGY
its manifestations—all these have come to him through his training, rein-
forced by his musical insight and study. It is Mr. James's special endeavour
to be interesting. Fifteen years ago, on coming to the school, he dispensed
with the master who was present to keep order, determined that he would
keep order himself by fixing the attention of the boys on his subject. This
he has succeeded in doing.
" At Headingley College—a theological school for Wesleyan ministers
—Mr. James has taught singing for fourteen years. . . . Mr. James was
one of the first to join the Incorporated Society of Musicians. He has put
an earnest spirit into his membership, and since he was elected in i8go has
read many papers in the Yorkshire section. His position as a leader was
recognised at the Plymouth Conference last Christmas, when he was asked
by the General Council to read a paper to the annual assembly. The
subject
1
was ' Musical Prejudice,' and Mr. James dealt with the ' booms,'
crazes,' ' fashions,' and personal likes and dislikes which warp our
judgment of composers. A great variety of subjects have been treated by
him on other occasions, and these lectures he has given to popular and to
specialised audiences in many places.
"His most recent paper was read last March at the Leeds District
Wesleyan Methodist Convention, and here Mr. James's somewhat conserva-
tive attitude came out. His zeal for music is tempered and qualified by his
desire for reverent and spiritual worship. He deplores some tendencies of
the day. . . . The ideal of a service is utter absence of display. Art
we want, but art concealed. If we pander to the crowd we may obtain au
audience, but we shall not obtain a congregation—an audience which
gathers to listen, not a congregation which gathers to worship. . .

The First Prize is awarded to Moon in Cancev (MissS. M. Latham

3, Wyresdale Road, Bolton, Lanes.) ; the Second Prize goes to Noel
(Miss M. Mills, Teendaria, Osney Crescent, Paignton). We note this
with especial pleasure because Miss Mills has been a painstaking
competitor from the start, and we cannot but feel that the position she
has won is the reward of industry and perseverance, in which she has
set an example that will prove a stimulus and an encouragement to
others.
The three delineations now follow. It will be remembered that
in our last Competition a new departure was made, the following three
symbols being used to signify, respectively,—
0
remurkably true.
' ifiiile correct.
" incorrect.
To these has now been added a fourth, namely—
doubtful.
These symbols, being inserted by the adjudicator (the native), add
greatly to the value of the delineation from a student's point of view.
 UESULr OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. lO 207

The delineations are followed by the Adjudicator's Report, after

which we shall venture to comment upon his criticism.
The delineation which we print first is the one which Mr. James
has placed first in his list, although being anonymous it is obviously
not eligible for a prize. It was accompanied by the following letter:
Re Prize Competition No. 10: To the Editor of Modern Astrology
Sir,
1 beg to send in the accompanying delineation, anonymously,
since I gather from previous Competitions that there is no objection to so
doing.
I have endeavoured throughout to steer entirely by such powers of
astrological judgment as I possess, and by these alone. Mut as I nave been
unable to rid myself of the conviction that this is the horoscope of a former
schoolmaster of mine in the North of England,—who would be about the
same age, and whom to my thinking the horoscope well fits,—I fear that I
may have inadvertently allowed some of this preconception to creep into
my work.
I venture to suggest, therefore, that this letter be sent to the " native "
along with the delineation, in order that he maybe able to determine (should
my supposition be correct) whether or not the statements made are such as
could have been founded upon a mere schoolboy's observation alone."
Yours faithfully,
" A. Not;."

SPECIALLY COMMENDED
The keynote of this horoscope is supplied by the Sun in Cancer, ©c
showing an internal sensitiveness coupled with an innate love of—or
rather craving for—power:'" this innate craving for power is quite
distinct from the consciousness of acfi/ai power, which is present in no
small degree.' There may appear some contradiction in this state-
ment, but there is the same apparent contradiction in the nature.
Side by side with the almost regal sense of power and authority shown
by the fixed and autocratic sign Taurus with its ruler Venus in the
royal sign Leo, there is a timid and a shrinking kind of sensitiveness
and almost weakness,'—a strange anomaly truly, which may however
be thus explained. The sense of power and will is in the direction of
fuling, while the sense of deficiency and craving for strength is in the
direction of uunlality.
Let me not be misunderstood, for I do not mean that there is any
mental "weakness" in the ordinary sense of the word, but what I On

' Note by the Adjudicator.—No. Many things are mentioned which an intimate
acquaintance would not be aware of, much less a schoolboy.— F. J.
208 MODERN ASTROLOGY

mean is that the inner ambition and desire of the nature is in the
direction of mental conquestfeeling himself already a giant as it
were, in the world of feeling, the native desires to be equally a giant
in the world of thought and intellect,'"—and I should judge that he
has been at no small pains to apply himself to study and to take the
fullest advantage of every opportunity that has come in his way to
develope the resources of his mind he will desire, and search for, a
reason in everything.' He will have endeavoured to escape from the
trammels not only of sense, but of emotion, and to enter upon the
kingdom of the mind.' His extremely acute internal perceptions will
have enabled him to achieve no small success in this direction.—I am
here writing of the inner man, not of the personality as known to his
friends, and it is possible that those who know (or think they know)
him well would hardly be disposed to endorse this opinion, at least as
here expressed.0 I need hardly add, too, that I assume the truth of
the doctrine, of Reincarnation to be conceded, so that the successive
development of new fields of consciousness in the course of a series of
lives seems a reasonable corollary.
This much of the inner nature, sensitive, retiring," and attached
with an almost clinging affection to family, persons, and places;
flexible, tenacious, insistent.'
The outer personality, on the other hand, is robust, practical,
common-sense, work-a-day, capable; decidedly conservative, and
opposed to innovations and new-fangled ideas'; self-contained, strong
in feelings, staunch and loyal both to friends and to all properly con-
stituted authorities'; (though in this last particular there will have
been no little "kickingover the traces" in youth, due to the affliction
between Mars and Venus, of which anon). Not a man to be brow-
beaten or intimidated, by any means,0 and quite capable of returning
a " Roland for an Oliver,"0 either by deed or pen.0 A strange contrast
here, between the inner and the outer, surely !
I judge that money matters will have played a large part in the
native's life,' more by necessity than from choice,0 for he would seem to
be far more of a spender than a saver,' still less a * grabber,'0 though
there is nevertheless an internal love of economy and saving.' His
own nature is at war with him hers,0 and he will have suffered a good
deal at times from the conflict of the tendency to be lavish and the
tendency to be economical at the same time.' Probably he has solved
 result of prize competition NO. 10 209

the problem by frugality in regard to his personal expenditure" and

generosity in his treatment of others. Still, he has good earning
capacity and is adaptable ; also, 1 should judge that he has at some Lord VIII. in
time benefited by legacy."
There is extraordinary energy and working power shown.' An 8 rising
? A
immense amount of work will be got through, and very little fuss © a <f
made about it.'" All the same, the internal recuperative power is ^ ? Ji
not at all commensurate with the immediate reserve of energy on i f)c^r(jfn'al
hand (which is enormous), and hence he is very prone I should say to and watery
overwork himself"—to deplete himself in a way that needs a long t Q ^
vacation to restore the equilibrium." In short, he is rather like a
bank that has a good stock of specie but little credit; if once the
specie gets used up !
Perhaps these remarks may prove a useful warning not to
overtax the splendid powers he possesses.
This is an exceedingly interesting horoscope, and one could run
on for pages dilating upon the various items that call for comment ;
the necessity for brevity in these delineations though obviously
desirable must at times prove trying to the competitor !
The native's (career will have been considerably hampered by ®
domestic concerns,' more or less throughout his life,—home duties or
limitations will have conflicted with his prospects of advancement';
and indeed in many ways he will have suffered in connection with
home, parents,' etc. One effect of this planetary influence may have
exhibited itself in this way: he may have either been forced, or his
occupation may have been of such a nature as to enable him, to work
in his own home instead of " going out " to business as most people ^°rd in
do.0 In any case, his public career has been intimately bound up
with home concerns.' I judge that towards the close of life circum-
stances, either in the nature of environment or of mental trend, will
incline him to give increasing attention to the graver problems of life
and may perhaps even lead him to a study of occultism in his declin-
ing years. Assuming the horoscope to be quite correct as regards
time, I should conclude that the native embarked upon his career, or
at all events in some way struck out for himself at the age of
seventeen or thereabouts.' a ?
In disposition we may judge the native to be of jocund tempera- P * ®
ment,' of lively wit, ready fancy, and generally genial and kindly 9 a f '
 210 MODERN ASTROLOGY

ways.' There is a temper,' however ;—and I am unable to decide

whether the native would under provocation bellow like a bull or roar
like a lion0; I am inclined to think there would be something of both,
but in any case he would make himself heard!' He has a very good
voice', by the way, though I ^should hardly think he takes rank as
a singer'—the Leo influence would render it somewhat too rough to
repay elaborate cultivation." The late Sir Henry Campbell-Banner-
man had Venus in Leo, and since it is my fancy that he also was
rising born under Taurus, I should be grateful if any reader (should this
be printed) would inform me through Modern Astrology whether
the above description would apply mutatis mutandis to the late
genial Premier's vocal idiosyncrasies.
Having referred to the subject of temper, Rolands for Olivers,
etc., I ought to add that there is no malice or revengefulness;' the
"temper" would be like a thunderstorm, it would clear the air and
refresh the earth, restoring sunshine once again.0
The native must have been strongly attached to and a great
favourite with his mother," and will probably have benefited chiefly
from her side of the family. He will have had great influence with
her, also, unless, as I am strongly inclined to think, she died while he
was still very young ;0* even so, the sympathy between them cannot
fail to have been remarked.0
No less than five planets rising, including Uranus, signifies some-
thing of a distinguished career. The native must be well known' and
respected in his particular sphere,' and will even have made a bid for
fame in wider circles, probably not with any great show of success,
for a modest fame only during life seems to be decreed,' though towards
the latter half a more extended renown as well as a more secure and
settled position is shown. In spite of his general conservative inclina-
tions he is a bit of an iconoclast in mental matters:' (Uranus in
Gemini rising).
One thing I find it exceedingly difficult to determine, and that is
Lords X. and whether the native has really taken up the vocation for which he is
o^by^vh'fch nature best adapted—his true metier. At any rate, if he has it is
rises in the safe to say it is not the career on which he was first started,0 or the
ISC.
means of livelihood to which he first applied himself.0 What this

0
Hardly very young, perhaps; I was 13 when she died.—F. J.
 KKSULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 10 211

latter was I cannot say with certainty, but I would hazard clerk in a
shippint' office" or something similar—connected with the water," or ' 'or^ YJ-
in ® m III.
liquids, in some way." His true vocation in my judgment is concerned
with something much more idealistic,0 in which he would be in some
sense a leader and director,' and this would be the subject of his real
ambition. Note that this ambition underwent a marked change, or '? i" ® with-
, , . , rr o in 30' ol next
entered on a new phase about the age of from 43 to 47 . sign
Love affairs or enterprises of some kind, commercial or artistic, ? -it
r decanate
(probably the latter) will have played an important part in the native's
life, and it may perhaps be hinted without offence that he is not by
any means insusceptible to feminine charms.0 In these matters in
the past he has not been altogether fortunate,0 and must have met ? o J
with some trials in this direction,' and even as regards the marriage VI1 Rulers I. and
. . r ^ ■ ■ j- • r -in D t0
partner, it will be strange if there is not a certain disparity of tastes each other
and conflict of idiosyncrasies ' which will require no little tact on both
sides to harmonise agreeably.0 The strong sense and kindly warm-
hearted disposition here shown leave little doubt that such will be the
case, however. The marriage partner herself is signified as a shrewd ruler VII.
in VII. in m
and capable woman,0/n«7« princeps as regards all household matters.'
Marriage is likely to have been contemporaneous with a sudden
stress in the fortunes,'and there is also likely to have been some
difficulty (possibly in the nature of legal formalities) in regard to
marriage settlements" or other necessary adjustments of the respec-
tive incomes of husband and wife." The age at which marriage is ? r. dl.C.P.
indicated appears to be about 35.0
VI
There will have been some noteworthyJ trouble with public r '- in
9 ruler . fl
0
opponents at some period of the life : in this matter I think the native
will win in the end, but his opponents will give him no little trouble'
and will be rather 1 nasty customers ' to deal with, determined and
rather vindictive.0 But the native will generally- meet with the
support of those in authority,"' for his efforts are well meant and as a
rule judicious, though perhaps over enthusiastic.0
My space is gone and I must abruptly close. Two little matters
I will mention, of small moment in themselves but of some interest
from a student's point of view. First, I see the Sun dispositor of the ©a1!'
ruler is in trine to Neptune, patron of tobacco, from which I should judge
the native to be not averse to smoking." I once heard an old smoker
say he did noi call a man a smoker unless he was always smoking when
 212 MODERN ASTROLOGY

he had nothing better to do ! The native is perhaps of the same

opinion.0
5« The other point is this. I have observed in a number of cases
that when the Moon is in Taurus the native shows a tendency to bite
ths nails'—vulgarly supposed to be a sign of bad temper, though my
observations do not confirm this. Now the Moon being in the
ascendant, one would expect this to be the case here in a marked
degree if my conclusions are correct, and as the native is a lover of
truth and has no pettiness in his nature he will not, I am sure, resent
my having alluded to this but will " admit the soft impeachment," if
true,' for an assurance on this point will be of value to students as
serving to establish some of the physical characteristics to be noted
in those having the Moon in Taurus.
The native should have an aptitude for figures, and something of
a liking for them—at least he must be good at accounts." If not, he
will be the first instance I have encountered of anyone born under
Taurus to whom " ciphering " was not second nature.
A. Non.

FIRST PRIZE

This is a horoscope, the native of which is the possessor of a

most charming and winning personality.
The Moon rising exalted in 8 and free from all affliction would
J risint; ex- with Venus, ruler of the horoscope in Sb in the fifth house, have
alted in u happy results.
? in 5th
With these planetary positions the native will " love to be loved "
and will delight in the praise and admiration of his friends, desiring
always to stand well in their eyes.'
As the world is a mirror and reflects what we give, he will find it
5 in a easy to get along with most of the people with whom he comes in
contact,0 quickly making friends, for it is natural to him to make
V and j himself agreeable and thoughtful to others,' thus winning their regard
rising and admiration.' But being emotional and sympathetic himself he
ruler of may at times feel a want of these qualities in others.'
t ith He is intensely emotional'" and has great dramatic gifts in this
line kept under a somewhat calm exterior" and will feel all things
deeply; being very sensitive and extremely psychic he will never
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 10 213
need to be told in so many words' but will at once understand by
intuition when anyone is in sympathy with him or the reverse.0 wateiy'signs
His intellect is of a high type with a love of the antique ; and
ancient ages will appeal to him for study.0 While never despising
those whom he knom are his inferiors' he will always turn to the
cultivated for his chosen friends/ and books of the highest ideals will
be his choice.0 There is a great love of the beautiful, which appeals
... .... ... _ « in 5th
strongly to him at all times in music, painting, etc. ^ jn a
The theatre will have a special attraction for him," the dramatic
emotionalism of grand opera appealing to his nature strongly."
Reading will be a favourite pastime,0 books of a high standard i ruler of
dealing with intellectual problems and those which aflfect the human
race coming first.0
The influences of the fourth house will always greatly affect all
his life. Love of home will almost amount to a passion with him0 D rising and
and through many journeys and wanderings—short mostly'—home will
act as a magnet.
These journeys seem connected with his profession0 and he is
much in contact with the public,' seeming to be a prominent figure
before it, his money affairs are connected with it and his income is 5 ruler of
2nd m 4th, a
derived from some public source or through the public direct. 4 in 7th
His marriage was caused by a very strong attraction between his <r aspecting
wife and himself0—they are greatly attached to each other.' His
wife is a strong character, with firm will and decided opinions0; not
very demonstrative; her feelings0 are deep, and she does not wear her
heart on her sleeve0. She is proud of her children0, though not very
maternal0; he, on the other hand, would indulge them not "wisely Ji w
but too well."0 They will be clever', but he has probably lost one in
infancy or it is very delicate?—his family is small.0 'j in 5th
The health is good on the whole though at times there may be a s in
tendency to stomach attacks" or throat0 troubles. Any friction in <j □ ? secon-
his home life will upset him' and should be guarded against, while a vY* rU 0
happy state of mind and harmonious surroundings will be his best ? ruler of
f> h
medicine'. '
The mind is original and inventive', with a wonderful memory, m d if in n
One invention, at least, has brought both fame and money". Money
is gained from things connected with theatres and mechanical
jnventions"
 214 MODERN ASTROLOGY

U i i.h His religious views have been disturbed at times', but his deeply
emotional nature and love of tradition' keeps him true to his early
beliefs0, though his intellect, at times, questions many things0,
planets in ® His psychic powers enable him to sometimes get a little behind
the veil which shrouds many things from ordinary human beings'.
The end of life will be full of good things, the honour of his
fellow-men and their esteem having been won in more ways than one.
Moon in Cancer.

SECOND PRIZE

© in ra, j) The native is somewhat acquisitive, and is likely to acquire

money, he is also ambitious and suited very well for a public life'.
DVj;. j He is desirous of wealth" and should inherit money from his parents
but as the Moon is afflicted he does not do so'. Many obstacles will
come into his life, but judging from the horoscope as a whole I should
say he would overcome them. There is a great love of fame, and a
desire to lead and govern'. The heredity of the native will play an
important part in his life. He has an exceedingly retentive memory,
and this characteristic makes him love to dwell on past events or to
O in ® go over in his memory past occurrences0. His highly sensitive nature
makes him feel very keenly everything that affects the other members
of his family0. He is highly approbative, and yearns for the sym-
pathy of others but he is reserved and rather fears ridicule or disap-
proval0 (especially was this the case when he was a child).0 He is
likely to become a member of an occult or secret community. He has
a remarkable imagination', and being so exceedingly sensitive, his
feelings are very easily wounded0. He is easily able to feel the im-
pressions around him. He is also economical" and fond of saving, not
only money" but letters0, books0 and all kinds of curios", whilst he has
a great respect for age and custom0. He is persistent and exceedingly
tenacious and he also has a great love of power, and once having
gained it has the ability to hold it0. He is somewhat slow" and
iarthy sign self-protective', rather apt to be suspicious, is cautious', secrei". care-
"'"S fal and inclined to be stubborn0 ; but he is self-reliant' and has a good
fixed sign deal of determination and pride0. Resolution, faithfulness and per-
■'sing sistency are, also shown'. His fate will be slow to develop as he has
rather a tendency to become too fixed for great expansion0. He is
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. IO 2I
5
dogmatic, and is apt to be resentful, and has also strong likes and dis-
likes0. He will never become over expressive0 but will maintain a
silent ambition for personal success, and will act from preconceived
motives with decision and perseverance'. He is physically magnetic, « rising
has a keen appreciation of art and beauty0, and has the capacity to
fully enjoy and abstract the full measure of pleasure out of life'. He
has the ability to entertain others and would gain success in connec-
tion with entertainments, concerts and social gatherings.0 He is ? in V.
sympathetic0, but has not a good temper0, as Mars is in Scorpio and ^ in
hence the martial side of the nature is rendered powerful. He has a "
good deal of concentration, and is able to push his way with intensity ^
of purpose, and hence is seldom thwarted.' He has likewise the
ability to command and control others0, and would excel in games." aQ
The native is very occult and has splendid ability for pursuing V in *•'5 in
occult studies. He is also very mediumistic, but should take care to q in ty
use his gifts wisely and well, as there is a possibility of his doing harm q jn
with them. IV. house
He has a keen imagination,' a mind receptive to higher thought p in I.
ideals, but a tendency to become too romantic." His judgment is 1,0^e
D jef
quick' and acute, his religion being intellectual0 with a strong <f in m
tendency towards mysticism.0 His mind can grasp many subjects ^ m n
and he takes a wide, comprehensive view of things. His memory is
good,' and his mind sound and strong, whilst there is a sense of rhythm
and motion which will probably show itself in music or poetry.0 He 5 in m
should guard against somnambulism. He should be careful lest his
reason be swept aside by storms of passion and anger0 also of pride s a <f
and harsh criticism.0 Wit, irony and sarcasm are shown.0
I judge the native to be born of good family, but his environment o in IV.
was not satisfactory nor to his liking," and he was separated either house
from one or both of his parents," and there is a strong possibility that i> in v
the native had either a stepmother 0or was adopted. A good deal of m n
worry and anxiety in connection with domestic affairs will occur.'
Native's popularity, social or otherwise, is endangered and there is a
probability of love turning to hatred and he will suffer loss and a f
opposition from former friends.' His friends will be chiefly amongst
literary people.' iji in n
The native will experience the loss of a legacy," and he will also 1 o <t
lose money through marriage " or through the opposite sex, and he
2l6 MODERN ASTROLOGY

will also have money troubles connected with the dead '; and although
he is hard-working, yet a good many difficulties will beset him in his
occupation," and I think that during his early life " he will experience
a good deal of financial strain," probably owing somewhat to his
extravagance.
As regards occupation, the native would do well in all professions
connected with the sea," and would make an admirable historian, but
judging from the horoscope as a whole I should think he was engaged
either in some artistic0 or literary occupation, which eutails a good
deal of travelling." The end of his life is most fortunate, as he seems
to settle down into honoured old age, not only in financial, but in
domestic life as well.
The native has a great fondness for travelling" and will travel a
good deal, taking both long and short journeys, but there is some
danger from water.'"
The native is ardent in affection and will marry either a relative
or some close friend.0 His love affairs will not run smoothly' and two
women will come into his life, in fact he may marry twice. As Mars
is in the seventh^house his married life will not be happy, his wife being
of a forceful, bad-tempered nature and he will probably be separated
from her." His marriage is delayed till after 28 years of age.0 The
native is much interested in children0 and will have a fairly large
family," some of whom will be artistic0 and he will have more sons0
than daughters. Trouble on account of the opposite sex is shown.'
When a child the native suffered a good deal of ill-health0 but I
judge he will live to old age. The stomach is very sensitive" and
care in diet is essential." Worry and anxiety are frequent causes of
indigestion," which brings with it rheumatism, ponstipation and
congestion." The throat is also liable to be affected' and native may
suffer from quinsy, diphtheria, sore throat, etc."
The following description should answer to the native. Stature
middle to short'; square face," and square build of body", short strong
neck,0 dark eyes" and hair,0—the former rather round aud prominent."
Ndki-

• Yes, but in Leo, a " barren " sign.—Ed.

 RESULT OF PRI2E COMPETITION NO. IO 217

ADJUDICATOR'S REPORT

I have had great pleasure in examining the ten delineations which

the Editor has kindly submitted to me. A friend—a keen critic, who
knows me well—has assisted me in classifying them, and though there
has been some difficulty in placing them in an exact order of merit,
the two of us agree that the following order is the best :
1. A. Noii. 6. Claude de la Tour.
2. Moon in Cancer. 7. Leogem.
3. Noel. 8. Stella.
4. yanessa. 9. Or a.
5. lit ultutn que paraius. 10. Lynda.
In making a few remarks upon the essays in general I must first
state that I know nothing whatever of Astrology and the so-called
occult sciences. How the competitors can diagnose and presage in
such a detailed, fearless, and in many cases, correct manner is more
than a mystery to me.
The first perusal of the essays opened my eyes considerably, and
at once created a desire in me to know something (and that speedily)
of the methods, etc., by which competitors could, in a general way, and
(in some cases) in a minute way, arrive at satisfactory results. But a
very careful consideration of the essays, weighing details in as exact
a manner as possible, has taken away a little of the " glow of first
impressions." For instance, I ask myself: How can there exist a
reliable method of arriving at results when one competitor states that
my early life was spent in congenial surroundings, and another asserts
quite the opposite ? Again—some competitors paint my married
partner as a paragon of virtues, while at least one competitor
evidently considers her to be, on the whole, a " bad egg."
Further—several competitors allude to my fondness for travel, to
my great business capacities, to stomachic troubles, to an Innate love
of the drama, and to a connection with the occult sciences. Charm-
ing though the above characteristics may be, they have never
belonged to me. But perhaps the competitors in these details are
speakingIf so, I have no more to say. They may be
right in the long run.
Respecting travelling, mentioned above, I must add that several
phrenologists of acknowledged ability have told me that of all the
2l8 MODERN ASTROLOGY

occupations which nature has designed me for, that of a navigator or

explorer is to the front. Strange to say, I am too nervous to trust
myself on a steamtr, even to the Isle of Man !
The allusions in several instances to great wealth which I shall
accumulate and also to legacies which are due to me are very cheering.
I have not, so far, suffered much from these ailments.
I am told that extreme views which I hold on several matters have
caused me to be misunderstood, and to lose friends thereby. This
has happened both in public and private, and, if space permitted, I
could give " chapter and verse."
Some of the remarks made about me by the competitors are most
flattering, and modesty dictates that I must pass them by unmarked—
though not unnoticed.
Here are some of the virtues, etc., which are credited to me by
competitors, but which I regret to say I do not possess: a calm
exterior, a commanding presence, brown hair, a leaning to anarchy, a
partner in business, a love of tragedy in preference to comedy, great
frugality, and a daily occupation connected in some way with liquids.
On the other hand the competitors have on the whole reckoned me
up pretty well, and I will " own up" to evils to which by nature I am
prone and which have been correctly diagnosed : a quick temper,
plentiful use of sarcasm (under provocation), now ami then an inclina-
tion to vindicfiveness, an inveterate smoker, the possessor of a good
appetite, fair rotundity of body, not married till 35, can "bellow like
a bull " (when required, or otherwise), occasional biting of nails (when
very excited), erratic at times, tendency to spoil my children, etc.
A happy old age is more than once prophesied for me. This is
indeed welcome news to a man of 50.
In conclusion I may say that, while I consider certain of the
delineations to be very correct on ike whole, two or three of them on
the other hand I imagine to be "first attempts" in competition.
However, as I am an ignoramus in Astrology I may be open to
correction in making a statement of this sort.
Frederic James.

Mr. James makes an exceedingly pertinent criticism, which well

displays the practicalness of the Taurean nature, when he says : " How
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. IO 2ig

can there exist a reliable method of arriving at results (italics ours),

when one competitor states that my early life was spent in congenial
surroundings, and another asserts quite the opposite ? "
It is necessary again and again to remind ourselves that the
delineation of a horoscope is from first to last a matter ofand
not of hard-and-fast rules; for this important consideration is con-
stantly being overlooked. The present difficulty is a good illustration
of the fact, for as everyone knows the question of environment is
decided by the condition of the fourth house. Now here we find both
the Sun, which is favourable, and Saturn, which is unfavourable ; and
the question is—to which are we to accord preference ? This is just
where the ciuestion of judgment comes in, and only wide experience
can ensure a correct answer ; in default of this the decision arrived at
will (in such a case) vary with the temperament of the delineator—
those of an optimistic nature will naturally incline to favour the happy
augury, those of a despondent temperament the reverse. For ourselves
we should give the casting vote to the ruler of the fourth, here the
Moon, exalted in Taurus and rising, although separating from the
square of Saturn ; conclusion, home conditions favourable on the
whole, somewhat cramped by reason of previous restrictions but
gradually improving and, on the whole, congenial.*
Similar remarks apply to the varying opinions expressed as to the
marriage partner. The position of Mars in the seventh house is not
in general of happy augury, but it must not be overlooked that here
Mars is lord of the seventh, i.e. is strong in his own sign, and moreover
bears the trine of the Sun. This shows a forceful and capable char-
acter, but wt a vicious one. And hence the marriage should be
judged a successful one, although the square of Mars and Venus (the
native's ruler) indicates a certain disparity of tastes and temperament,
which it will need tact on both sides to harmonise. This question has
been dealt with by A. Non. (p. an).
As to the remark that one or two of the delineations appear to be
those of mere beginners, this, we are glad to say, is quite correct: for
where we see a delineation of promise we are glad to include it, in

• Note bv the Editok.—In all judgments as to matters of environment, lb

Moon, as natural ruler of the 4th, should have due consideration.
220 MODERN ASTROLOGY

order that the student may have the benefit of the adjudicator's
criticisms and comments.
We thank Mr. James for the careful and sympathetic manner in
which he lias conducted his by no means easy task, and at the same
time we felicitate ourselves—and the competitors—on the fact that his
long experience as adjudicator at choral and other competitions
peculiarly fits him to perform it with sound judgment and strict
impartiality.

The particulars of Prize Competition No. 12, which introduces a

novel feature, will be found in p. 124 of the March issue, and we may
remind intending competitors (who we hope will read the rules on p. 42
of January issue), that the last day for receiving delineations is May
31 ST.

PARTICULARS OF PRI2E COMPETITION No. 13

The following particulars relate to the nativity of a woman, married,

whose work has recently come before the public in connection with a subject
that the present year is likely to see brought into unusual prominence.
Houses
X. XI. XIX. I. II. III.
/ 16 W4 1(324 «26 r25 »26
Planets
Ojs ? <r 21 '1 ijiva
R17-33 T9.10 diii.S ®28.23 U3-35 K2.20 mg.S 818.32 x 18.9 811.6
Two prizes are offered, each of the value of 10/6. For further particulars,
conditions, etc., see p. 42 of January issue, referred to above. The last day
for receiving delineations in this Competition (No. 13) is July 31 st.

Our Prize Competitions Appreciated.—A correspondent writes from

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, U.S.A., under date aS/z/'og, as follows;
" Having read several numbers of your Modern Astrology, I must
send words of praise for your new departure in Competitive Horoscopy,
which has been decidedly interesting to a student in occult matters. As one
elderly student puts it: ' This competition is Just the thing, and I can't wait
until I get the next copy of the Magazine.'
" The last number was very good, giving the ' marks' to show the
correctness of interpretation. I shall subscribe through your U.S.A. Agent,
and hope you will continue these competitions, as across the water the
students all like them that I know of, and I know personally that you have
gained subscribers through it."
It is very pleasant to find these Competitions so thoroughly appreciated,
and to see that they are fulfilling the purpose for which they were intended.
 221

^ehis front ^otoljere

In connection with Mr. Daatb's admirable article on " Sound, Colour,

and the Planetary System," a friend has drawn my attention to the-
following, from p. 288, Vol. [., of The Natural Genesis by Gerald ^Massey :—.
So in the seven notes of the scale, and the orbit lines of the Planets,
[Z3] Si was assigned to the Moon.
[C] Ut „ Mercury.
[D] Re ,, Venus.
[£] Mi „ Sun.
[£] Fa Stars.
[G] Sol „ ,, Jupiter.
[A] La Saturn.'
Speaking as a practical musician and a composer (for whom scale relation-
ships may be said to have almost a religious significance) as well as a
student of Astrology, I must say that this allocation strikes me as far more
feasible than any I have hitherto seen. And I propose to offer a few
remarks upon it.
In the first place it is interesting to note that the keynote, Ut, is given to
Mercuky, the planet which (we are told) has peculiar governance over the
whole of our present Fifth Race {The Pedigree of Man, p. 146, See. Ed.).—
This seems reasonable enough, for surely the note corresponding to the-
" father planet" of our Race should sound for us the keynote.
* * « *
Next "we notice ^that Jupiter has Sol for his note: now Jupiter and
Mercury are "complementaries," and further, Mrs. Leo has told us in Rays
of Truth, (p. rgr) and Planetary Influences (p. 23) of the intimate occult
connection between these two planets, and their importance in our distinc-
tively evolution. Hence it seems quite fitting that these should rule
Sol and Ut, the dominant and tonic of the natural major scale, which, in its
orderly sequence through seven notes, seems to sing to us of the divine mode
of ascension.
Another point of interest is that La is ruled by Saturn. Now it is
significant that the Mongolian and allied races exhibit a peculiar predilection
for the minor scale, in regard to which La stands as the tonic or keynote:
(see for instance the characteristic " Danse Arabe" in Tschaikowsky's
Casse Noisette Suite). And we are taught that the Fourth Race—to which

• Dupuis, Tom, i, p, 75, who cites authorities."

222 MODERN ASTROLOGY
the Mongolians and many Eastern races belong—was especially under the
influence of Saturn o/it/an, p. 121, Sec. Ed.). This, then, would
seem to account for the " minor mode " or scale commencing on La being as
t were the " natural " scale for the Fourth Race peoples, just as the " major
mode" a scale commencing on Ut is the "natural" scale for us western
nations of the Fifth Race.
As to the rest of the notes of the scale, I must confess I do not trace the
connection so readily, but I may remark that Re strikes me as displaying
decidedly more of the Taurean than the Libran nature of Venus, and Fa as
showing greater, kinship with Scorpio (especially in its ecclesiastical and
monkish sympathies) than Aries ; Fa-Si thetritone, is discordant, by the way, it
is verily theTriton of the scale,—and it is significant that the Moon and Mars
have no real affinity with each other. The Sun as Mi, which is the mediant
or " mediator " between Ut and Sol, seems here to represent the Christos,
the Second Person of the Trinity of the Common Chord, Ut-Mi-Sol [C. E.G.).

The following cutting from the Croydou Citizen's " Brief Humour " column
contains a happy simile;
"That was a good sermon, was it not, that we had last Sunday?" said a
gentleman to his Irish farm-servant. "True for yer honour, an illigant one! It
done me a power of good entirely." " I'm glad of that. Can you tell me what
particularly struck you ? What was it about ?" " Oh, well," scratching his head,
" I don't rightly—not just exactly know. I—a—I A' where's the use in telling
lies ? Sure I don't remember the devil a word of it, good or bad. Sorra a bit of me
knows what it was about at all." " And yet you say it did you a power of good ! "
" So it did, sir. I'll stick to that." " I don't see how." " Well now, yer honour,
look here. There's my shirt that the wife is after washing : and clean and white
it is, by reason of all the water and the soap and the starch that's gone through it.
But not a drop of 'em all—water, or soap, or starch, or blue, has stayed in, d'ye
see. And that's just the same with me and that sermon. It's run through me, yer
honour, ao' it's dried out of me: but all the same, just like my Sunday shirt, I'm
the better and the cleaner after it."

It is rather curious that I should have come across it just after writing
my last month's remarks on "scientific " and noo-scientific readers of this
magazine. Are there not many of the latter who, if pressed, would be fain
to give Paddy's answer, aud with equal truth—they are t/ie better for it ?
sic si:;
The Daily Telegraph of February and contained the report of an inques
on Mr. John Burgess Knight, of the firm of J.Knight &Co., Soap Manufacturers,
who met his death on January 28th by a fall. The same issue gave an
account of a fire at the said firm's soap works on the night of January 31st,
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 223
at which ^10,000 worth of damage was done. A student commenting upon
this coincidence remarked that the calamity would no doubt be shown by an
affliction of the 10th house cusp in the son's nativity. It would be interesting
to collect some instances of similar "double" misfortunes of this class.
Probably every student can contribute one at least, and we should all be
interested to hear them.
» * 3{C *
Are comets the " thought-forms " of the Logos ? It is impossible not to
be struck, when glancing at the illustrations in Mrs. Besant and Mr.
Leadbeater's Thought Forms, at the similarity of some of the forms shown to
the photographs of comets. Thought forms, thoughts in other words, are
known in many cases to manifest periodicity—especially in the case of persons
of fixed habits—and why should not a comet be a manifestation of the
same phenomenon on a gigantic scale ? There seems nothing unreasonable
in the suggestion, and if it has any foundation in Nature we should be able
to form some idea of the maleficence or beneficence of a comet by its shape,
basing our judgment on the hints given in the book referred to. True,
comets change their shape, varying between one re-appearance and another.
But then, is it not also true that thoughts for a time discarded will recur again
at a later time, having meanwhile undergone some subtle modification which
renders them more (or less) agreeable, feasible or useful ? And is there not
something inspiring in the idea that the great Central Consciousness,
represented by the Sun, may work in like manner, circulating thought-forms
amongst his regents, the planets, as we send a thought-messenger from the
heart to the bead, or vice versa? For certain comets with elliptical orbits
are known to have their aphelia near the orbit of one of the known planets.
Or again, may not hyperbolic comets be messengers—thought-forms—from
one solar system to another ? The thought is at least suggestive.
F. Z. L.

Bessie Leo writes that she most gratefully thanks our readers for their
kind and encouraging remarks concerning her articles. She says: " It has
always been a great pleasure to me to write for Modern Astrologv and no
one has been more surprised than myself by the result of the 'Plebiscite'
isec p. 112 of March issue]. The chief use of praise is to stimulate one to
o better in the future; and I hope as I receive more inner enlightenment
to he able to translate it in a fuller measure than hitherto. Writing, to me,
is a labour of love and each article is written from the heart rather than from
the bead. I am deeply conscious of many faults of diction and phraseology;
and yet despite all this I find not only pardon but appreciation and praise.
Thanks to my readers 1 grateful thanks! " But does she not understand
that it is we—her readers—who are grateful to her ?
 224

£abiacal anb ^lanetarg temperaments

(Serins)

II.—The Characteristics of the Sign ARIES

[Note by the " Transaction Secretary."*—In the task of pre-
paring for publication the matter which has been the fruit of our de-
liberations on the Zodiacal Signs and their Planetary Rulers, I was
faced at the outset by the following problem : Should I present papers
contributed by members in their original form, or should I, for the
sake both of uniformity and conciseness, content myself with merely
incorporating the ideas, in the form of a report. At first I was
inclined to regard the latter course as preferable; but in the end I
came to a different conclusion, for the following reason. Many, if
not most, of the papers furnished by members derived no small portion
of their force and cogency from the attractive literary form in which
the ideas were presented. In fact, there was in some of them a
pronounced " individual note " which gave a certain stamp of distinc-
tion as well as of originality to the views expressed. On reflection, it
seemed to me that it would be a very great pity to deprive what I
may describe as "gems" of thought, from the advantages derived
from their setting, for no better reason than the wish to secure
uniformity or the desire to save space. Indeed, it seemed to me
before all things imperative to avoid the dry tone of an official
document, even at the risk of occasional repetition where that could
not be evaded. And therefore I decided to give original essays in the
writers' own words, and as far as possible entire, considering that the
slight disadvantage occasioned by a mixture of styles would be more
than compensated for by the additional freshness and piquancy
gained. In the case of mere brief notes, isolated suggestions, etc.,
this has not of course been done, such having been introduced into
the general text wherever appropriate.]

• The first article of this series'appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154,
and to this the reader is invited to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining
the purpose of this series.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 225

In dealing with the characteristics of the first sign of the Zodiac

we have to remember that Aries corresponds to dawn, the moment
when all nature is stirred, more or less suddenly (according to
geographical position) into activity ; hence if the correspondence is a
true one we should expect to find activity or action prominent in the
characteristics of this type. And certainly experience confirms that
this is so.
The keynote of Aries is Action through impulse; and just as dawn
is the commencement of day and of action so in all Aries people is
there delight in ' commencing' and 'doing' things—in contradis-
tinction to those whose first instinct is reflection rather than action-
Further, Aries is associated with the head, and consequently the true
Aries man is always at the head of affairs, in the front rank, for he is the
true pioneer. Strong and courageous, restless, fearless, ambitious,
enterprising, changeable by reason of ever seeking fresh activities, the
natural leader and head in all things—justified as such by his daunt-
less courage and energy—warlike and combative, he typifies or reflects
in his nature all the Positive attributes and powers of his planetary
deity Mars. His 'guna' is Rajas, and his temperament (speaking in
phrenological terms) is the motive-mental.
In appearance the Aries individual is medium in stature with very
strong frame; lean, spare and wiry; often, but not by any means
invariably, dark and swarthy in complexion inclining to Spanish-
looking ; black or sandy hair, nose large (sometimes red), wild and
impetuous look, often bearing in the more animal types a pronounced
resemblance to the ram.

These are the characteristics of the sign as a whole. They are

varied and modified more or Less according to the particular decanate
of the sign. For instance : The first decanate, ruled by Mars, gives
the distinct Aries type with chiefly all the characteristics just named,
alert, active, enterprising, shrewd individuals, often with hazel eyes.
The second decanate is under the rulership of the Sun ; consequently
the whole ideal and moral nature is stimulated, giving as a result
more pride and ambition and a great love of truth. Big ideals and
the search for truth are always marked in this decanate; and similarly
also, whenever the Sun is in Aries (whether this be the sign rising or
not) the whole moral nature is stamped with a love of truth. These
 '•p

226 MODERN ASTROLOGY

people are less " rajasic " than those of the former decanate and in-
cline, relatively speaking, to the tamasic guna, being more fixed and
stable than the former. The last decanate inclines more to the sattvic
guna and is the least typical of the three, the tendency in this decanate
being to break away from the pure Aries characteristics. The motive
tendencies are more marked.—The foregoing remarks will apply
mutatis mutandis to the Sun, Moon, or any planet, as well as to the
rising sign.
Aries as we have seen fundamentally corresponds to dawn, the com-
mencement of day, the first period in manifestation of the Sun (whether
materially or spiritually considered). Hence Aries is typical of begin-
nings, whether of days, lives or ages, and may therefore be regarded as
signifying the commencement of a new cycle,—the Sun in Aries
corresponding to the beginning of a Major cycle in the evolution of
the Ego, the Moon in Aries to a Minor cycle.
In connection with this idea it is interesting to note what the
ancient Buddhists in their writings had to say on the subject. Accord-
ing to their teachings the Zodiacal signs were regarded as the twelve
causes of sentient existence termed the Nidanas. The first ' Cause '
or Nidana, the one corresponding to Aries, was known as Avidya,
the first " root" of separateness, and symbolised by the form of a
blind woman sitting near to a lamp.
In this symbol the inner meaning or at least a clue to the same
is fairly apparent, the woman representing matter or form, and the
blindness denoting incapacity to seethe light,—thelight of knowledge,
Spirit being not yet united with matter.
This is further explained in the term Avidya, which has the
meaning of Nescience—Ignorance or Negation of Knowledge. " In
the great cycle of human evolution Avidya indicates limitation, the
Divine Being limiting Himself so that the universe may exist. In
minor human cycles it indicates Spirit as yet blind to the lower planes
an outrushing impulsive energy. In the next Nidana, Samskara,
(Taurus) the conditions dating from previous existences come into
action and form the material (Matter) on which the Spirit plays. It
is the'vehicle of becoming,' symbolised as a potter at work on his
clay. Now Avidya unites with Samskara, Spirit with Matter, and
human evolution definitely begins."
The particular mission of Aries is to arouse others into action,
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 227
and there seems to be no doubt but that the powers represented by
Aries are not only those of extreme force, but, in a sense, of explosive
energy—the body being invariably of a type permitting a great
expenditure of energy.
The type of nervous system and brain given by Aries appears to
be peculiarly susceptible to impacts from the inner and outer planes
of nature, so that in other words the Aries constitution is internally
receptive and therefore, in a sense, psychic. Contradictory as this
may appear at first sight to the extreme external positiveness of
the sign, it will be found to explain many of the characteristics
spoken of.
The true Aries man acts on impulses received, without hesitation
or thought. This is exactly characteristic of psychic reaction. All
nature is stirred into activity at dawn, thrilled into response without
thought or volition as it were on its part. The fiery impulse behind
all the actions of Aries, their extraordinarily rapid response in action,
and their wonderful quickness in argument, all indicate the precipita-
tion and inflow of ideas or the working out of the same on the psychic
plane of being. Of course the term " psychic " as here used must not
be taken as synonymous with " mediumistic." In the case of
tnediumship the sympathetic system would be largely developed,
whereas in the Aries person it is invariably the cerebro-spinal system
which is well-developed—never the ganglionic.
The modifications in the Aries temperament arise as already indi-
cated by the disposition of the various planets, particularly by the
positions of the Sun, Moon and Mars, and possibly Mercury ; also by
planets (if any) in the ascendant. Obviously, since the Sun, Moon
and Ascendant respectively represent Spirit, Soul and Body, a pure
Aries man would of necessity have at least the Sun, Moon and Ascen-
dant in Aries. And were it possible to obtain a " pure" type it would
of course be relatively easy to tabulate and record its characteristics.
What is implied by the expression " pure " type, in this ideal sense,
may be gleaned from the following specification, drawn up by a student
who desired to secure an absolutely representative horoscope : (i) No
degree of any sign but the rising one in the first house. (2) The
ruler of this sign on the cusp of the Asc. (3) No other planets in
angles : exemplifying the necessity of this, I have in mind a friend
whose appearance seems to be largely influenced by the sign
228 MODERN ASTROLOGY
in the western angle, the seventh house containing four planets
in Aries; (the possession of Venusian skin and hair, an agree-
able singing voice and some musical ability, make the given birth-
time with Libra rising and the ruler in Pisces, not the impossibility
it at first seemed). (4) The birth to be on a day of the week ruled
by the lord or lady of the first house, and in one of this planetary
hours of the same. (5) No powerful aspect between the Asc. and any
planet. (6) The Sun and Moon in conjunction in the other sign
governed by the first house ruler.
It is clear the writer did not realise how Utopian was her
desire, for in order to fulfil the above conditions as to Aries, birth
must have occurred when Mars was within the first three degrees of
Aries, and the Moon and Sun in conjunction in Scorpio ; a coincidence
which would not recur twice in a century !
This illustration may be useful as helping to remind us how easy
it is to " cry for the moon " ; and it is also a sufficient answer to those
who are incessantly clamouring for photos showing "exactly what
the Aries face is like." It may help them to understand that the
Aries face exists only in the student's mind as a ' composite photo-
graph ' of many different faces, all of which show out in some more
or less marked manner the typical Aries features.
They may be helped, however, by the following observations
recorded by an acute observer of zodiacal types.*
Thick, strong skull. Small, squarish head. Coarse hair, curling
crisply ; the colour varying from sandy to red. Skin florid, yet dry.
Brow in which the hair-line resembles the upper part of the Aries
symbol, the hair always growing lower in the middle of the forehead
than at the sides.
Extremely arched eyebrows, in which the likeness to the symbol
is again apparent. The hairs of these are coarse, a ruffled appearance
being produced by their growing in opposite directions. After youth
the arch is often incomplete, the hair ceasing to grow on the outer
side. The eye in shape is full and round, and has a straight setting.
The colour light, generally grey : the white being often bloodshot.
This organ has a particularly wide-awake, ever-on-the-aggressive

* Note.—One or two of these characteristics seem distinctive of Mars in

general, rather than Aries in particular, and one or two apply more to Scorpio than
Aries ; e.g., firm-closed mouth.—Tr. Sbc.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 229

expression. Its gaze is piercing, and the force emanating from it an

£»ipouring one. Before classing this eye astrologically, I always
termed it " the artist's eye," and I am inclined to think that, however
Venusian the rest of the face may be, the eye in great painters is
generally of this order. Eyebrows and eyes of the kind I have
described were manifest in the face of Whistler.
Cheek-bones high. A marked tendency to hollowness of cheek.
Ears having a high and upright setting, and thick lobes; being deep
red in colour, and standing out from the head.
That the martial nose is low at its starting-point at the brow, and
in shape a short aquiline, is indisputable 1 think. Also that it is
frequently found in Scorpio types; but I have begun to wonder whether
the Aries nose is not one in which the nostrils are clearly defined,
with at least a suggestion of the tip's turning down towards the lip.
My reason for advancing this is that I have remarked this nose in
three distinctly sheep-like faces I have lately had under observation,—
in one of which the given birth-time makes Aries rising.
Mouth wide, with upper lip thin, and lower one slightly full; both
being deep red in colour. Habit of closing the mouth in a resolute
manner very marked. Strong teeth. Chin tending to squareness,
non-fleshy, and lacking indentation in the middle.

It may be well to include at this point a contribution in which

two Aries natives are compared and contrasted. It may be pointed
out that in each case the Sun and Venus were in martial, Mercury in
fiery and the Moon in earthy, signs.
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II 111.
Ml V34 1322 «I7 Tio H25 D17
(5) (34 >323 =19 Tn »23 fl 16
Planets

M) T25 tij3 T13 To ^81}, K25 1125 «19 *19

(fl) mn d8 14 U12 /18 V321 ni4 814 H13
The two horoscopes whose data have been given will serve to
illustrate the characteristics of Aries when in the Ascendant at birth,
and its modifications by planets placed in, or on the cusp of, the first
house in such nativities. Both these subjects were men of great
activity and force of character, and both had the distinguishing marks
230 MODEKN ASTROLOGV

of Aries—restless outgoing energy ever seeking fresh worlds to

conquer, eagerness to begin fresh undertakings, inability to stick to
one line of action, and general impatience of control.
In the case of the native "A," the natural hardness of this sign
was softened and refined by the presence of Venus and Mercury, both
within a few degrees of the Ascendant. These influences, together
with others that will be noticed in the map, gave the native an extra-
ordinary magnetic power and personal charm, combined with a
delicacy of perception and sympathetic tact by no means common in
those born under this sign. He was a pioneer in the chief social and
political movements of our time, and bore the brunt of some ol the
hardest battles for industrial reform. Though the methods of his
parly did not always commend themselves to other reformers, he won
personal affection and esteem from people of all ranks and classes by
his devotion to his cause, his quick insight and keen judgment, and the
great versatility and receptivity of his mind. As a public speaker he
carried his audience with him by sheer magnetic force and passion ;
and at the time of the Dock Strike in 1889, of which he was a leader,
he was able on several occasions to prevent a serious riot Ipy his power
of organising, dominating, and inspiring crowds of men. His political
failure is attributed to his lack of stability and his habit of scattering
his energies too widely, being unable to concentrate on any single
task.
The native "B" is a striking contrast to " .4." As these two
men were friends and colleagues, and I was associated with them for
some years in political work, I was able to observe the different
impression they made on those around them, and the different way
in which they received and responded to the impacts of life. The
enemies of A accused him of compromising too much with other and
more moderate groups of reformers; B on the other hand was so
uncompromising that no political party was pure enough for him, and
he ended by forming a party of one ! He was, however, heavily
handicapped by nature and disposition for the work of a reformer.
A glance at his horoscope will show that there was nothing to soften
the asperities of Aries in his case; they were on the contrary aggra-
vated by the application of the Moon to Herschel in the first house,
which, added to the opposition of Mars and Saturn, made him
arrogant, destructive, violent in temper and vindictive to a terrible
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENIS 23!

degree. It was not to be expected that a man whose Karma had

laid him under such planetary aspects would he successful as a man
of affairs, or would be able to make himself popular with all classes as
^4 was able to do. All the immense energy of 5's nature seemed to
expend itself in personal quarrels, and crusades inspired by hate
rather than by love. The activities of A were always ditected to
organising and upbuilding, while B thought it his mission to disorganise
and to destroy. In botli these cases the marriage was unhappy,
but in B's case it ended in scenes of violence which came very near
to murder. In the horoscope of A the position of Mars on the cusp
of the marriage house in the sign Libra is indicative of the trouble ;
in that of B, even the benefic Sun and Venus together in that house
are powerless to withstand the disruptive force of the opposition from
the Moon and Herschel.

A useful way of explaining to a person unfamiliar witli astrological

ideas what is meant by a particular " zodiacal type " is to illustrate
what is meant by pointing to the national characteristics of some race
that exhibits the idiosyncrasies of that type. It is a commonplace of
medireval astrologers that Great Britain is ruled by the sign Aries,
but whether that is to be held to include the British race also is open
to doubt. That the British temperament is martial, in the sense
in which that word is opposed to saturnine, there can be no question.
The typical Anglo-Saxon is ever the man of action, of achievement,
hating subtleties and despising metaphysics, and rather prone to
getting his thinking done by proxy. Whether, however, these are
Aries characteristics is another matter, and concerning this question
of the racial representative of Aries the following remarks of a student
are not without weight.

Aries, the first sign of the Zodiac, and the first house in a normal
horoscopical figure, is typical of beginnings, be they of days, lives or
ages. Therefore we may reasonably argue that an Aries individual
—though not necessarily young in experience—is starting a fresh
cycle, is in that sense without a past, and therefore young.
Neither precedent, tradition, nor force of habit influences the
child in its actions. It explores, and its quest is ever the new.
The one nation of the present day that exhibits these characteris-
232 MODERN ASTROLOGY

tics of Aries and the Child in the highest perfection is America,

stated to be ruled by Gemini,
That the glory of Aries is departing from us as a people, and that
Britannia must look to the child of her youth for an ideal manifestation
of its spirit, is to me extremely obvious.
Our Transatlantic cousins, to my mind, display characteristics
that are of a pronouncedly Aries and non-Gemini type.
First, they are as a nation distinctly inventive, which shows the
influence of Aries and not that of Gemini, whose tendencies are
largely imitative.
They are ever in the van, being a go-ahead people, which fact
they impress upon us in their favourite though inelegant expression—
" We can't be beat! "
Not satisfied with being independent, they make a boast of it,
both of which would be foreign to the native of Gemini, who, being
of a douhle-hodied mental nature, is only happy when questioning
another, or when comparing or discussing ideas with him, and who
is therefore in every sense tM^rdependent.
In their commercial life, for experience and therefore age they
have small respect, and prove it by refusing to recompense either as
they do smartness and youth.
The fact that the English make such fine colonists has been
urged upon me as a proof of their being under the rulership of Aries,
I maintain that Aries qualities, pure and simple, go to the making of
first-rate pioneers, but indifferent colonists. The instinct of an Aries
individual, having made a forest-clearing, is not to settle down but—
to look out for another forest to clear !
Next I would ask: Do either the name or the figure of "John
Bull " suggest Aries ? Is not our lovable, apopleptic old figure-head
a delightful combination of Leo and Taurus rather; while the lean,
wiry, wide-awake and able-to-hold-his-own "Uncle Sam," is surely
more representative of Aries than Gemini ?
Again, Aries being associated with the dawn it follows as a
natural consequence, ihat of all the signs it produces those who are
themselves wakeful, and whose particular mission and great use in
this world is to rouse others. All who have made a special study of
the Aries character will agree with me, I think, when I say this is its
most noticeable feature. Yet to our so-called Aries nation were
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 233

addressed the now famous words "Wake up, John Bull! "—Surely
it is a work of supererogation to apply a goad to the ram !
Quite in keeping with the Aries nature, on the other hand, was
the founding in America, a few years ago, of a society whose members
agreed to sleep only four hours out of the twenty-four ; deciding to
experiment in this direction on their children also.
Furthermore, is not the American woman a living protest against
the Gemini spirit ? In the following characteristics, which are some
of those that distinguish her from the women of other nations, she
declares herself the daughter of an Aries people. Her peculiar charm,
which consists largely of an utter absence of affectation, and in saying
and doing the unexpected. Her independence, which has manifested
itself in her endeavour to live her own life, as much, if not more, after
marriage than before. Her desire, when entertaining, to offer to her
guests something absolutely new.
Peculiar to childhood and early youth, because of insufficient
time for comparison, is the feeling that one's self and one's own
possessions are superior to all others. America and humility are
strangers yet.
Lastly, I put this question : Is the individual who talks of doing
Paris in a day and Europe in a month a third or a first sign product ?
That there is some force in these contentions cannot be gainsaid,
but one must not jump to a hasty conclusion. It must be remembered
that the American people is as yet young, and youthfulness is in
itself of a somewhat Aries-like temperament. Of the relation of
Gemini itself to childhood we shall have more to say later on, when
discussing that sign, but it may be well to consider if the Americans
do not rather show Gemini at the Aries stage, rather than Aries pure and
simple,—which might be represented by a symbolical horoscope
having the Sun rising in Gemini and the Moon in Aries.
Briefly summarising our conclusions, then, we find that Aries
represents a new departure, a fresh cycle, the dawn of a new era in
small or in great,—to use a popular expression, the "clean slate."
Its most marked features are energy, expansion, outrush—progress—
the generation of fresh " Karma." Regarded from the standpoint of
the reincarnating Ego, any particular life-experience through an Aries
horoscope may be compared to a tradesman opening a " new
234 MODERN ASTROLOGY

branch "; fresh ground is broken, new ties are formed, additional
obligations are entered into. So far as the particular life is concerned
there is no " Karma," comparatively speaking ; just as the obligations
of the parent house are no concern of the new " branch," which opens
fresh accounts of its own with all the firms with which it deals, even
though these should be the same that supply the "original firm."
This consideration makes it easier for us to understand the general
"good fortune" of these natives, as well as their light-hearted way of
facing difficulties as though no memories of the past remained to
discourage them. Indeed, the conditions of the past no longer remain
so far as they are concerned. Applying our analogy we can see that
the conditions which may have hampered the "old firm" by no means
necessarily apply to the new branch ;—other times, other manners !
There is a commercial term which seems well to symbolise the
essential characteristic or fundamental keynote of Aries, the phrase
liquid assets. In Aries the experiences of a previous life cycle seem to
have been converted into " liquid assets," the experiences having been
not only reaped, but pondered upon ; figuratively speaking they have
been not only masticated, insalivated, swallowed and digested, but
actually assimilated ; and hence they appear as " free energy," just as
the strength of food becomes in due time muscular force. And thus
we can understand why action is not only instinctive, natural, to
Aries but more,—that it is imperative. For just as the health of the
body depends upon the working outwards of the vitality begotten of
the food censumed, so the health of the Greater Man, the Ego, depends
upon the throwing out into action of the energies begotten of the
spiritual food (experience) which has been, as Karma, lived through
and thus " assimilated."
Nothing, perhaps, is so surprising in Aries as its exuberance and
its versatile ability. Both of these characteristics may be under-
stood as strictly analogous to that healthful energy which is, as it
were, the " apotheosis " of food—the last supreme phase of its meta-
bolism. In a state of health a man rising betimes feels an over-
mastering need of active exertion, and experiences a joy in the
satisfaction of this need. Just so is it with the natives of Aries—on
whatever plane of consciousness they may be—the need for action is
paramount and supineness is, for them, the only imaginable sin.
\Tlu next article of this Series will he " The Sign Scorpio."]
 235

®Ij£ Ifoun&attDns of ^3!jysical Astrology

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences
And the city lieth foursquare ... On the Bast three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the West three gates. And the wall
of the city had twelve foundations. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
. . . And he measured the wall thereof . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . . like unto clear glass. . . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev. xxi. 13-18.

Part VI.—Explanation of an Apparent Anomaly

(153) Before proceeding further we need to consider somewhat

carefully the meaning of our last expression for the force/. Equation
[153) gives the value of the magnetic force of one member of our solar
system, whose electrical mass let us say is upon any other member
of the system whose electrical mass we may represent by mv The
distance between these two masses is d. We see that this force is
proportionate to the mean density ft, of the ether within the body of
the planet whose mass is my
It is, however, only proportionate to the square root of the specific
inductive capacity K, and the question arises, why should this be so.
From [123) we see that
10 =L
A'
so that whilst the force / is directly and simply proportionate to the
etheric density it is inversely proportionate to the square root of the
etheric pressure.
We see, therefore, that the etheric pressure acts here as a re-
sistance, just as in § (56) we saw that the etheric pressure k acted as
a resistance to the attraction of gravity. But-m that case it was not
the square root of the pressure but the full pressure k that exerted the
resistance.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Why then should the resistance vary only as the square root of
the pressure in equation (/5J), it may be asked ? An explanation of
this may be found by referring to ^ (14®)' equation (128), where we
find that the attractive force between two bodies whose electrical
masses are ml and m2 is
F = l6 ~2 Hly Jllo K
Here the full specific inductive capacity K is used and not the
square root as in (153). This is due to the fact that in (128)
we had assumed for the sake of simplicity that G was the same for
both masses, and since G is obtained from i1 by (121) this assumption
required that k should be the same for both bodies. If, however, the
etheric pressure for 1% was ky, and the specific inductive capacity fTj,
whilst for »«,, the values were and K^, then instead of the above we
should have for the specific inductive capacity the geometrical mean
of these two values or
K = (Ky Kyfr
that is,
K = Kyh a'2» (;54)
and the expression for the attractive force would be
F = 16 ir'uiy III, Ky' A',' (;55)
(154) The above takes into account the ether pressure of both
bodies and enables us to see why in (153) the square root of the
specific inductive capacity alone enters into the equation. It is
because the expression for/ only takes into account one of the bodies,
say w»i; the properties of the body upon which the force / is exerted
have not been considered. This again arises from the assumption
made by physicists that the ether of space has the same properties
everywhere. Yet this we find is not the case.
In calculating therefore the force / of one body w, on another
body Wj we must find room in the equation for the specific, inductive
capacity of each, so that the mean specific inductive capacity for the
two bodies will be as in (154)
K = Kyi KJ or from U23)
A' = JL x JL (/J6)
A j* « 2
Since the K* in (153) is the property of the primary body «!
which exerts the force, it corresponds to the Ky1 in (156), so that we
may write (153) thus:
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 237

3 n3 x x-106 x lio6y >-» F ^ (,57)

J v
z d 2 <! ft, ' '
In the second form of expression for / the magnetic force is
shown as resisted by the square root of the etheric pressure of the
body fit! and it is evident that the square root of the etheric pressure
on the body will equally act as a resistance to this force, so that
the magnetic force as measured on the body whose mass is w, will he

which from (?5d) is equivalent to

= 3 b3 x I I06 ><
2 a
and this identity we may restate in the form
r= x 1106 x y M x Ki ^ (
2 d
(155) From equation (82)

or 4=^ (767)
/u ^ -fti
From (?7S) this becomes
i = Pi (762)
so that
1 !
V- = -Ki Pi (765)
Combining (7dO) and (f&J) we have
* 1 v ,3 v8
* i'io6 v Y p,}
v 2 d
/= X t io6 ^ rMNy
2 d
In (/d4) Kti is the property of the body on which the magnetic
force is exerted. In Astrology, as will be immediately understood,
this body will generally be The Earth. Let
3
c _ jipgy x 1 106 _ 3B x^x ioe ^r65j
2 5$^
Since k? is the surface etheric pressure on the earth it is a con-
stant, and is also constant; so that all the factors composing c
are constant; and therefore c is constant, its value, as formed by
calculation from the above, being ;
= 3 056 x ioW (766) i6-485 27i6-
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The expression for the magnetic force/now takes from (164) and
(165) the following simplified form

/= (161)

where r and d are the radius and distance in centimetres of the

heavenly body, V its velocity across (i.e., at right angles to) the line of
sight, and /j., its etheric density as given in the tables § (86), whilst c
is a constant whose value is given in (166).

Part VII.—Applying a Test to our Previous Results

(156) We have now arrived at a critical stage, at which we may

put our mathematical reasoning to the test of observation.
If equation (167) be used to ascertain the magnetic force exerted
by the Sun upon the earth, then the velocity V is that of the earth in
its orbit, and this velocity is practically all across the line of sight.
It should be noted that the velocity V is the relative velocity
of the earth and Sun, so that for our purpose we may consider the
earth stationary and the Sun moving, with the velocity of 7; v is the
Sun's radius, d its distance from the earth, and the etheric density
of the Sun as given in the tables § (86). The value of c is given in
(166) so that we have
Log. c 2 — 16-485 2716
„ r = 21-686 6150
V = 6 473 6991
1. M = 8-447 2325
,, cra = 37-092 8182
d = 13"'75 6307
/ = 23-917 1875
From which we obtain for the magnetic force of the Sun upon the
earth
/= 8 264 x JO2® (768) 23 917 1875
(157) In §§(10) and (11) of our introductory article it was
shown that the magnetic intensity caused by the earth's motion around
the Sun was
H = 0 0007716 (769) 4-8864053
And that this agreed with the daily variation of the magnetic
force caused by the Sun. The value of H in (169) is the quantity of
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 239
magnetism in one cubic centimetre of the earth's volume ; to obtain
the total quantity of magnetism produced by the Sun in the earth, we
must multiply H by the number of cubic centimetres in the earth's
volume. The earth's volume in cubic centimetres is
1. TT
3
where y is the earth's radius in centimetres, so that
r = 6'37i X tof (170) 8-804 20^2
and the total quantity of magnetism produced in the earth by the Sun is
(3 (/?/)
from which we obtain
Q = 8 34 x io" (772) 20-921 1125
If now the value of Q be compared with that of/in (768) it will
be found that the difference is only one per cent, which when so many
factors areinvolved can easily be due to small errors of measurement.
(To be continued)

"TRUTH " IN ASTROLOGY

"Warning! There are several individuals who represent themselves
as astrologers, and send out glowing literature and faked testimonials. They
make any promise that they think would influence the people who answer
their advertisements to order a horoscope." This is a quotation from an
advertisement of Professor Postel, of the American Temple of Astrology,
126, West 34th Street, New York. There is no doubt that he speaks the
truth in this instance. Names of such individuals as he refers to occur in
the Truth Cautionary List, and prominent among them is that of Postel
himself. He offers in the same advertisement to forfeit 85,000 if any of his
own testimonials is not genuine. Oneof his clients testifies that, " you not only
saved me from an awful death, but prevented the loss of hundreds of dollars."
What i do not understand, however, is how any prophet, astrological or
otherwise, can save anybody from anything. If his clients escape the fate
which he predicts for them, it would seem to follow that his predictions are
wrong. How can you predict the future if the publication of your prediction
alters the course of events?—Truth, 3i/s/'og.
A very sensible remark. It is not possible to predict " fate "—i.e.,
absolute fate which is inevitable. The most which can be done is to point
out the general tendencies of the character and the environment, and the
results which are likely to ensue if things are allowed to drift. The event is,
in the main, the resultant of the action of character upon environment; but
there is always a certain amount of free-will—limited in its sphere of
action, certainly, but still/hm within those limits. See Mrs. Leo's remarks
in her article " The Fitting Time," p. 196.
 letters to tlje (Bbitor
Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (t) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (2) that planetary positions, as
welt as birth data, should always be given where possible: and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

Birth Times Wanted

Dear Sir,
I am looking for the hour of birth—or better still the
Ascendant—of a number of " Notabilia."
Would you therefore allow me to appeal to your readers—through
the medium of your Magazine—to supply any of these which they
may be acquainted with ? I append the list:
1. Newton. 20. Duke of Marlborough
2. Faraday 21. Shakespeare
3- Lord Kelvin 22. Walter Scott
4- Maxwell 23- Carlyle
5- Lord Raileigh 24. Hume
6. J. J. Thomson 25- Macaulay
7- Cavendish 26. Byron
8. Crookes 27. Stuart Mill
9- Herschel 28. Herbert Spencer
10. Tyndall 29. Disraeli
11. G. Stephenson 30. Wellington
12. R. Stephenson 3i- Reynolds
>3- Watt 32- Gainsborough
14. Davy 33- Pitt
15. Darwin 34- Fox
16. Livingstone 35- Burke
17. Speke 36- Lord Palmerston
18. Nelson 37. Lord Roberts
19. Lord Kitchener
19, St. Michael's Place, Brighton. Yours truly,
March 9th, 1909 H. Treherne.
[We are sure readers will be delighted to give any assistance they can.
Answers may be sent direct to our correspondent at the address given—Ed.]
[All Reviews held over this month ; also several letters.]
itfodirn Jlstrotag#

Vol. VI. JUNE, 1909. No. 6.

Hew Series.

(Bititor'a ©bacrtratorg

In the year 1895 a well-known newspaper company published

au Encyclopadic Dictionary, a work of considerable merit, in which
the following explanation is given of the word
An Advene " ASTROLOGY: a discourse concerning b
the stars,
Criticism . ,
or the reason of the stars ;—
1. Originally; The word Astrology, as yet unspecialised, included both
the true science of Astronomy, and the pseudo-science defined under No. 2.
2. Now : The word having become specialised, signifies the pseudo-
science which pretends to foretell future events, by studying the positions of
the stars, andascertainingtbeir alleged influence upon human destiny. . ."
Toward the close of his notes on Astrology, the commentator
says : " But in England at the end of this advanced period of the
nineteenth century, no one can profess to believe in Astrology without
exciting the gravest doubt regarding his intellect, his knowledge, or
his good faith."
* *
At the beginning of the present year, 1909, The Encyclopadic
Dictionary has been reprinted by a well-known firm of publishers, and
is now being issued (at the time of writing) in
Thoroughly weekly parts. On the cover of each part is
Revised and
Corrected 11 printed the following :
" This edition consists of three portions: (1) The
original seven volume work, thoroughly revised and corrected," . . . etc., etc.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

En that portion of the work wherein Astrology is explained, only

one word has been " thoroughly revised and corrected." The word
" nineteenth " has been changed to " twentieth " !
According to the compiler of this Dictionary, and presumably
its editor, you the reader and I the writer, who profess to believe in
Astrology are—" exciting the gravest doubt regarding our intellect,
our knowledge, or our good faith." So far as our intellect is
concerned, this Magazine, now in its nineteenth year of publication,
must answer.
If it does not require intellect, and oft-times the keenest intellect,
to present Astrology intelligently to the uninitiated, and in such a
manner as shall satisfy the unenlightened, then the meaning of the
word is unknown to us.
If the compilers of the Encyclopedic Dictionary, who are presumably
responsible for this interpretation of Astrology, are to be taken
seriously, the construction they have placed upon the word must
considerably reflect upon many of the brightest intellects of the British
Nation ; and especially upon those custodians of its literature who
selected Dr. Richard Garnett for the post he so admirably filled as
Keeper of the Books at the British Museum, where he spent the
best portion of his life. They dare not, for the simple reason that they
cannot, deny that he (Dr. Garnett) was beyond all doubt or question
a yfm believer in Astrology, to which his pamphlet " The Soul and
the Stars," by A. G. Trent (the nom-de-plume adopted by Dr. Garnett)
is but a small testimony.
# :U. *
Apart from the arguments and differences of opinion between
ourselves and our critics it is lamentable to find that prejudice and
ignorance with regard to Astrology still remain.
Hedioority We may J
have the satisfaction of knowing5
that the
follows . ,
Uediocpicy majority of present-day " intellects " are mere
copyists, and that more often than not truth is
sacrificed for worldly profits; this, however, does not help to place
Astrology in its right position before the eyes of the world.
Until the publication of this " revised " edition of the Encyclopedic
Dictionary, hope had arisen that the end of the foolish prejudice against
Astrology had been reached. The Daily Press had ceased to associate
Astrology with fortune-telling, and many had appreciated its religious
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY
and philosophic teaching. Bnt it would appear that we have been
too sanguine!
* »
The serious question now before every real student of Astrology
is: How best to educate those who continue to be influenced by
prejudice, and the ill-feeling that still exists
fOP a a nst
8 ' Astrology. It appears to be a true saying
"give a dog a bad name and it will stick to him."
The fact that Astrology, rightly understood, has the power to reveal
the latent possibilities concealed in all things, has to a great extent
been its undoing.
For, missing the true conception that, according to its nature,
life is destined to unfold through the forms in which it is encased,
pretenders to a knowledge of Astrology have confined their prog-
nostications to the forms alone, ignoring their capacity to expand
beyond certain limitations, and set free the imprisoned consciousness
within. In other words, materialism has crushed out the spirit of
Astrology.
We have all suffered from the errors of the dark age of materialism
now happily passing. Science is, however, about to reveal the truth
of stellar influence in no uncertain manner, and it matters not if the
word Astrology be exchanged for the " Sun-spot" or any other theory,
we are sufficiently assured that the science of Astrology will be amply
vindicated.
Our present illogical and irresponsible critics will then open their
eyes not only to the fact that the Moon really governs the tides, and
the Sun affects the earth's crust, causing earthquakes and other
physical phenomena, but that they and the planets also influence the
emotions and the minds of men.
* *
It must be apparent to all thoughtful men that the order of
the day has been reversed ; let us endeavour to restore that order :
Astrology : a discourse concerning the stars, or the
A Suggested reuson of the stars.
Emendation ^ Onghin/Zy ,• Astrology and Astronomy were one
Astrology interpreting the reason of the stars, and
Astronomy studying their motions and positions, the latter dealing with the
form side of things as defined under No. 2.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
2. Now; Astrology having been divorced from Astronomy, the reason
for the positions of the stars being ignored, materially minded men have
not only lost track of the life animating those stars, but now deliberately
refuse to believe the Sun to be the outward glory of God, or the planets to be
His Ministering Angels, who influence all things towards the unfoldment of
the spiritual nature within, according to their divine destiny.
Upon the ancient history of Astrology and the general belief in it
prevailing in Eastern countries we need not comment; as to its
antiquity, there is no one short of an adept competent to say when
and where Astrology bad its beginnings. We may, however, revise
our commentator's closing remarks regarding Astrology, thus:
. . . At the end of thenineteenthcentury^hought in the West began
to change its material character, owing to some very important scientific
discoveries, and those who profess belief in Astrology are known to be
devout students, no longer exciting doubts regarding their intellect, their
knowledge, or their good faith.
This, however, refers to those who do not associate their belief with the
methods hitherto (and even to this day] adopted by charlatans and pretenders
who conjure with the motions of the planets, professing to tell fortunes,
without the inspiring knowledge that they—the planets—are the houses of,
or the visible globes presided over by, great and mighty angels.

# ' *
Several students who have set themselves the task of educating
the world into the actual meaning of the word Astrology and all that
it implies, have thought it would be advisable to
A I Be b an
" l° y
other Name . . y change
. D the name that has so many obiectionablepre-
judices associated with it, suggesting that a new
word would attract those who are not courageous enough to be identified
with it, a few thinking a return to the word "Sabaeanism" would be
preferableand moreeasilyunderstood. Others think a society composed
of people representing all phases of thought regarding Astrology should
deal with those persons who, pretending to possess a knowledge they
do not possess, continue to drag Astrology through the mire, thus
hindering the progress of those whose aim it is to purify and re-
establish its higher principles. All, however, will agree that the time
has arrived when some definite policy should be adopted in order that
Astrology may henceforth stand revealed in its true light.
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY
We are further told by the learned compilers of the Encyclopedic
Dictionary: "As most, if not all, of the ancient astronomers (why
astronomers and not astrologers ?) believed that the
u
Had ye faith aa a heavenly bodies have an influence upon human
grain of mustard ... „ <
seed . . destinies, Since when, we would ask,
have astronomers demonstrated that the heavenly
bodies do not have an influence upon human destinies ?—We pause
for a reply.
If faith in God had not been lost during the dark ages there
would still be " no need felt for drawing a distinction between an
astronomer and an astrologer."
You the reader, and I the writer, are " men of unscientific mind,
who study the heavenly bodies, not to ascertain the laws which affect
their existence and movements, but in the vain hope of forecasting
the future destiny of ourselves and others."
Nineteen years have passed since I first published this Magazine ;
every year has strengthened my faith a hundred-fold and I would not
exchange my satisfying hope for the fatal pessimism that calls it
" vain."
What say you, " unscientific minded" reader ?
* sli *
In the face of the recently expressed opinions of scientific men,
the remarks in the Encyclopedic Dictionary surely require to be still
further revised and corrected. Witness the lollow-
" Comparisons ing :
- " The question is rife ; what is the bearing of
B
primitive astrology, and star worship, on the formation
of Oriental and Greek myths ?
" We may, for the moment, answer by a non liquet, but it is certain that
the learned work of Professor Bonch£ Leclery on Greek Astrology, the
publication of forgotten astrological treatises by Professor Cumont and his
admirable lectsres at the College de Fi ance, where the religious importance
of Astrology has been so forcibly emphasised, cannot fail to make us once
more turn our eyes to the starry heavens, after we have dwelt too exclusively
on the earthy and psychological elements of cult and myth."—M. Salomon
Reinach,* Oxford Congress, iS/g/'oS.

' Concerning this gentleman the Daily Telegraph of io/3/'o9 says; " Dr.
Salomon Reinach is well known as one of the first authorities on the history of
religions, as well as the history of art. 'Apollo' has become something like a
handbook to the art-lovers of all nations. His new book is to deal in similar style
with the religious systems of the world. Dr. Reinach ' has taken a dispassionate
and aesthetic point of view, and has endeavoured to avoid a demonstration of
preference for any particular system." "
 MODERN ASTROLOGy
" The earth rises and falls eight inches twice during the twenty-four
hours of each day."—M. Camille Flammarion, February, 1909.
This latter statement was confirmed by the report of the South
African Observatory, and the Daily Telegraph, of is/l/'og, publishes
the following extract from the Diamond Fields Advertiser, relating to
the subject.
" A regular undulation of the earth's surface is no very new idea. It is
particularly well marked in Kimberley, and has been under investigation at
Kenilworth for some years past. There are some delicate pieces of
apparatus at Kenilworth Observatory, by means of which the slightest
change of level can be detected, and they have shown that the solid crust
of the earth is never at rest, but rises and falls once (not twice) a day.
This undulation is not tidal; it is connected most likely only with the sun
and not at all with the moon, and is certainly of a greater range, in this part
of the world, at any rate, than Sin. a day. We do not notice this rise and
fall because it takes place gradually throughout the whole day, but it is of
a magnitude that dwarfs by comparison the movements of the greatest of
earthquakes. Were it to come all at once instead of gradually, nothing on
earth could stand for a single instant. To us it seems a wonderful and
mysterious thing that the earth should not be of the stable foundation we
commonly imagine it to be; but should be what a poet might describe as a
breathing, animate body, and we are not at all surprised to be told that
there is as yet no obvious explanation of the cause of the diurnal oscillation
of its crust which simulates animation."
Sir George Darwin at the Authors' Club, February, 1909, asked
" What is the origin and working of these calm yet mighty forces of
the deep." We say, Planetary influence. Who will contradict P

At the moment of going to press we learn of the birth of a daughter to

the Queen of Holland. The horoscope will appear next month.

Being unable to find room for the whole of the promised article on
Electricity and Magnetism, by Mr. H. S. Green, we have decided to hold it
over till our next issue, rather than divide it.

ERRATUM.—A slight but somewhat annoying misprint occurred on

p. 240 of last issue. The title " 'Truth' in Astrology " should read "'Truth'
on Astrology."
Will readers kindly make the correction, since the title as it stands is
misleading, the word "Truth" being intended to refer to the periodical
from which the quotation is taken ?
 247

(East antr tljz Meat

If we look over the history of Europe—and with this we must

take America, as she is simply the child of Europe, and the ideals of
America are the ideals of Europe gone mad by excess—we shall be able
to see by a glance over the later eighteenth and the early nineteenth
centuries, what is the foundation of European Society, as marking a
definite step in human evolution. If we go further back, we come
upon feudalism, and this is eastern rather than western. The feudal
idea of Society is that of an organism, a living body, in which man has
his place and his duty ; each class is an organ in the social body, with
a particular place to fill in the State, and a particular duty to dis-
charge to the State; the church, the educator, the teacher, the
thinker, the king, nobles and army, the rulers, protectors, legislators ;
the traders, the stewards of wealth and the organisers of industry;
the villeins, or serfs, the producers, the servants.
The land was the King's, and those who held it in fief, held it by
due of service rigidly exacted, and it bore the whole burden of the sup-
port and defence of the State. But when the teachers cramped and
dominated the intelligences which it was their duty to expand and
train; when the rulers and guardians used their strength to oppose
instead of to protect ; when the traders robbed industry instead of
organising it ; when the villeins, starved and ill-treated, plotted
instead of producing: then feudal Society staggered to its fall, and
perished, as all societies perished—must perish, ought to perish —
when the ideals on which they were founded weaken and vanish, and
their outer semblances become idols, worshipped by lip-service, and
no longer control the conduct and inspire the mind. Feudal Society
was passing, and the French civilisation struck it down and guillo-
tined it. It was destroyed, though its corpse lingered on before the
eyes of men, for nothing changes suddenly—traces, fragments remain.
Its resurrection has come on a higher turn of the spiral, in modem
Socialism, though that has yet to find its authority.
Then, behind the Revolution, appeared the ideal on which
modern Europe bases its social order—or disorder. It was an
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

artificial idea, a legal fiction. Just as in law you may make a con-
tract, binding on the parties to it, so it was held that Society was
based on a social contract. Although no such contract existed in
form, it was held to exist in reality. It was based, it was alleged, on
the inherent rights of man. The rights of man, formulated by
Thomas Paine in America, were the foundation of the American
Republic, and spread from America to France, and thence throughout
Europe. On each side of the Atlantic these rights of man are the
foundation stone of democratic society. What was the note of these ?
" Man is born free, but is in bondage everywhere." " Liberty,
Equality, Fraternity "—thus they were formulated in the republic
which grew up in France on the bodies of a murdered King and
Queen, on the bodies of a murdered aristocracy.
What was the main idea ? That every man had, inherently, a
right to freedom, and in freedom was included the free use of all his
faculties for his own benefit, and the social condition which made
that free use a practical reality and not only a name. Man was to be
free to exercise all his faculties, to develop all his capacities, free to
evolve all that lay latent within him. Before the law all men were to
be equal, the law was to know no difference between the rich and
the poor, between the learned and the ignorant; justice was to be
blind. And still in the English Courts you see justice figured as a
woman with a bandage around her eyes, carrying in one hand a
balance to weigh, in the other a sword to strike.
On this ideal of the Liberty and Equality of all individuals, on
the rights inherent on all men born into the world, Society was
theoretically built up. How were these rights to be blended with
social order ? Again, by a legal fiction, by a supposed contract. As
a man does not want to be obliged to fight for his rights at every
step ; as in such a fight the manifest inequality of men would lead to
the crushing of the weak by the strong, despite all theoretical equality ;
as Society could not exist under conditions of perpetual combats
among its members; therefore it was supposed that men gave up
some of their inherent rights in order to enjoy the remainder un-
molested. Society, it was said, was a mechanism in which men
vested some of their rights, such as protection in the possession of their
property, protection of life, protection of limb, placing these under
the cEgis of the law, in the hands of the community. None the less,
 THE EAST AND THE WEST 249

since these things are inherent human rights, each man, if the law
fails him, has, in the last resort, the freedom to defend his own
against aggression by his own strong arm. But for the sake of con-
venience, for the sake of social order and public peace, for the sake of
justice between the strong and the weak—every man being weak at
one time or another—the protection of the rights of individuals is
placed in the hands of the law, in the hands of Society. Society
guards the rights of the individual as to his property, his life, his
person. The judge and the policeman take the place of the club and
the sword, and every man, by surrendering his own protection of
these rights, gains in comfort and safety ; while Society gains in order
and stability. But the right, as just said, always remains behind
the law. A man is within the bounds of English law if he strike
down a burglar who breaks into his house, and, even should the blow
prove fatal, it is held to be "justifiable homicide," because a man
has a right to defend his property.
Now is this theory of Human Rights a good foundation for
Society? A great many people would answer: "Yes," and would
say that it is the best and most logical basis for Society. Probably a
very considerable number of the younger men, at least, in India at
the present time, would be inclined to say that the inherent right of
the human being to freedom—or, it would be truer to say, of the male
sex to freedom—is the fundamental truth on which Society should be
built up. But is it true ? For if it be not true in fact, then you are
putting a falsehood at the foundation of Society, and no amount of
good logic applied to false premises will make a syllogism which is
reliable. "Man is born free." "All men are equal." But both
these statements are legal fictions, and both are false. Man is not
born free ; he is born absolutely dependent. He is the most de-
pendent of all creatures for his sustenance and protection, and the
baby who was left to the enjoyment of his inherent rights of liberty
and equality would not live long in that enjoyment. The first things
a baby needs are protection, food, shelter; and his cry (or help is a
protest against the fiction of the inherent liberty of man. Nor is it
true that men are born equal. A geniusand an idiot—are they equal ?
The child that is born without legs, is he equal to the two-legged
babe ? The child that is born with consumption, scrofula, or any
hereditary disease, is he equal to the robust and vigorous infant?
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Inequality is everywhere in nature, in the elder and younger, the

strong and the weak, the healthy and the sickly, the clever and the
stupid, the highly gifted and the poorly endowed. There is, however,
in these false statements about liberty and equality, as in all false
statements which capture and hold the minds of men, a kernel of
truth. Inherently, in his innermost nature, man is eternally free,
because man is divine; but man in the body, until the divine has
conquered and has claimed its own, is ever bound. The man who is
ignorant, the man who is the slave of vice or passion, he is not free.
Vet was it necessary that, at a certain stage of evolution, the pro-
clamation should be made that man is inherently free, and that a day
will dawn on earth when that inner freedom shall outwardly assert
itself, and every man shall be a law unto himself, by the outshining
of the self within him. Also there is a sense in which all men are
equal, though not in the sense of the ordinary demagogue; in the
sense that all children are equal in the family. But that family
equality does not mean that you are to demand from, or give to,
the baby the same things that you [demand from, or give to elders.
Nor does it mean that the baby shall have the same voice in the
councils of the family as belongs to the father and the mother, to
the elder brothers and sisters. He is a child now, they were children
in the past and went through a child's experiences. He will be a
man in years to come, and then he shall have a man's powers, and
bear a man's burdens. If you take a sufficiently long period—the
period of human evolution—yes, men are equal. They are all born in
a state of ignorance. They all evolve into a state of knowledge. But
between these two poles—at one of which stands the savage, and at
the other of which stands the Master—there are ages of growth, and
during these men are unequal. Yon must take into account, in build-
ing Society, the various ages of your citizens. You cannot build it
on the assumption of the equality of wisdom and of ignorance.
Society in the West is the only human arrangement which is built on
this travesty of a great and fundamental truth. The head of a great
commercial undertaking is not chosen by the men he is to organise
and command, nor is any one of them put at the head of affairs. You
hear nothing of human equality on board an ocean steamer, in which
human lives are at stake, and the Captain is an autocrat, whose orders
none dare to dispute. I wonder how many of the young men who
 THE EAST AND THE WEST
talk loudly of human equality would risk their lives in a steamer
bound for England, in which any lascar or any ignorant passenger
had the same right to lay down the course of the ship as is possessed
by the Captain, or might claim the command on the ground that he
and the Captain are equal. Yet there would be less danger in prac-
tising equality on board a steamer than in entrusting the guidance of
the ship of the State to the votes of the ignorant multitude. The one
would only drown a few hundreds ; the other destroys millions.*
What is the doctrine on which Society in the East is founded ?
It is the doctrine not of Rights but of Duty. Every man has a duty
to the Society into which he is born, and on his discharge of that duty
depends his value as a citizen. This doctrine is consonant with the
facts of human life. The child is born helpless, but he is born from
parents who have to him a duty. The child's helplessness gives the
claim on those who have opened for him the gateway into mortal life,
and the parents were also once infants, who received nurture from
their elders ; now that they themselves are elders they must pay the
debt they contracted in their infancy, to the infant which is helpless
as they were. At the very outset of his life man contracts debts, and
the payment of these, in his maturity, are his duties—the payment of
what is due. Tlie whole of Society is an incurring and a paying of
c
By a somewhat curious coincidence, on the very day that the typed copy of
this article was being looked through before sending to theprinier, a letter appeared
\nlhe Diiily Telegraph (of iz/a/'og). apropos of the Darwin Centenary, and in this
letter occurs the following passage: —
" In the closing days of the year 1832. Darwin being then in his 24th year, the
Beagle, carrying him as its naturalist, arrived at Tierra del Fuego, and two years
later, after much intercourse with the natives and characteristically minute study
of their habits and customs, Darwin made the following note in his Journal:
" ' The perfect equality among the individuals composing the Fuegian tribes
must for a long time retard their civilisation. As we see those animals, whose
instinct compels them to live in society and obey a chief, are most capable of
improvement, so it is with the races of mankind. Whether we look at it as a cause
or a consequence, the more civilised always have the most artificial governments.
For instance, the inhabitants of Otaheite, who. when first discovered, weregoverned
by hereditary kings, had arrived at a far higher grade than another branch of the
same people, the New Zealanders—who, although benefited by being compelled to
turn their attention to agriculture, were Republicans in the most absolute sense.
In Tierra del Fuego, until some chief shall arise with power sufficient to secure an
acquired advantage, such as the domesticated animals, it seems scarcely possible
that the political state of the country can be improved A tpresnUevtn a piece of cloth
given to one is lorn into shreds and distributed, and no one individual becomes richer than
another. On the other hand, it is difficult to understand how a chief can arise tilt
there is property of some sort by which he might manifest his superiority and
increase his power.' A clearer snapshot of Socialism 'in being' than is afforded
by the sentence I have ventured to italicise it would be impossible to desire."
Ed. M.A.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
debts. In the days of our weakness and our ignorance we incur debts
to the stronger and wiser : in the days of our strength and wisdom we
pay these debts to the weak and the ignorant. This is the social
theory which is founded on facts, not on fictions, facts of nature,
which it is impossible to deny. Thus it is in every human family,
and thus it should be in every Society. The family is the true model
for the State.
What is your duty ? The discharge of that is the law of your
life, your law of evolution, your dharma. That is the idea which is
the basis of the old Indian polity, and of the European feudal system.
It was the idea given by the Manu for every family of the fifth Root-
Race, and it is the submergence of this idea which lies at the root of
western troubles, and which the East must give back to the race.
Each man is born in a Society which existed before he came into it.
On that Society he depends. It receives him, nurtures him, educates
him, protects him, and finally, sending him out, well equipped, into
the world, it bids him honestly repay to Society, through his youngers,
the debts he has incurred, and labour for the well-being of the common
home. Duty is the note of true ethic. Society is an interwoven mass
of obligations in which we are all enmeshed. Every relation between
human beings carries with it mutual obligations, and the sum total of
these obligations is a man's duty.
If that be the true foundation of Society, then there is room for
everyone within it, for the weak and helpless as well as for the strong,
for the ignorant as well as for the learned, for the child and the aged
as well as for the mature ; the harmonious relations between all these,
ever changing as ages and relative knowledge change, give a flexible
yet firm frame-work round which the social body may grow and
develop.
It is noteworthy that, in Europe, both science and socialism are
raising this cry of Duty as against the commercial one of Rights.
The spirit of " enterprise " is seen to be very often that of piracy. The
Manchester school of economics is denounced as the school of human
rights without regard to human duties. The right of a man to buy
in the cheapest market and sell in the dearest, the right of a man to
buy labour at a price fixed by the limit of starvation—theseeconomic
rights are being challengad as inflicting the deadliest human wrongs.
The system prevailing in England since the advent of machinery is
 THE EAST AND THE WEST
seen to be one which, in the interests of the community, must be regu-
lated by the strong arm of the la w. At the beginning of the nineteenth
century there were no laws which interfered between the weak and
the strong in matters of labour. All was left to " free contract."
The result was that little children from the age of three were set to
watch the doors in mines which swung open before the oncoming
truck ; they were children born in the mines, who had never seen the
shining of the sun. Theirs to open and close the swinging doors on
the tramlines, and it was not until many a babe had been crushed by
the swing of the door that he was not alert enough to avoid, that
Parliament began to interfere, limited the supposed inherent right of
the child to sell his labour, and curbed the right of the strong to
exploit the weak, the right of the elders to tyrannise over the child.
Children of tender age were sent out to the factories, and worked in
them for fourteen, fifteen, sixteen hours a day—you may read the
details in the records of the Parliamentary commissions of the time—
attending the machines until they dropped asleep in the midst of the
roar and rattle of the machinery, and even in their sleep the little
hands continued the plying of the shuttle, so drilled were the baby
bodies to ceaseless toil. You must have read the wonderful poem of
Mrs. Browning, "The Cry of the Children," which it is hardly
possible to read without tears, which rendered articulate the wailings of
the children throughout industrial England. It appealed to the
heart and conscience of England, rousing a sense of national duty to
the children, and Parliament stepped in and limited the hours of
child labour. The " freedom of contract" is being limited more and
more. It was found that a mother would take a lower wage than a
man, for her starving children were dragging at her heartstrings, and
the baby fingers held her fast to her underpaid labour; " she is more
docile," said an employer of labour before a Parliamentary commis-
sion ; aye, docile because of the children crying for food at home.
So married women became labourers in the mills, and the husbands
walked the streets as unemployed. Then the homes were left mother-
less, and " baby farms " were started to take care of the children
whom the mothers were forced to desert. Then the mortality of the
baby farms became a scandal, and again the law interfered to limit
freedom. People are beginning to see that the boasted " freedom of
contract" of the " free labourer " is a sham. Freedom of contract is
254 MODERN ASTROLOGY

only possible between equals. There is no freedom where one party

to the contract holds the means of livelihood, and the second party
contracts with the knife of starvation at his throat. The condition of
chattel slavery was happier for the labourer than the wage-slavery of
to-day, called free-labour in England. Under chattel slavery, the
owner was responsible for his slaves ; when the slave was aged, worn
out, the owner was still responsible for him, was obliged to feed, to
clothe, to house him. In his old age the slave lived on his owner's
estate, and could not be thrown off it. Under the system of " free-
dom of contract " the man is hired when he is perhaps 20; when he
is a little over 40, when his vigour has been wrung out of him by the
crushing competition of industrialism, then he is thrown out in favour
of a younger rival, and he is flung aside, to live or die, or to find
asylum in the semi-gaol of the workhouse.
Such have been the results of the logical carrying out of the
fictions of the inherent liberty and equality of men ; it has been truly
said that the workers have paid in happiness for every increase of
liberty, and have become more miserable as they have become more
free. Let modern India take warning from modern England, and
avoid the difficulties of free industrialism from which England is
striving to emerge. Let her be wise in time, and live by her own
ideal of Duty rather than shout for Rights; for Rights beget a system
of plunder—plunder of the weak by the strong, of the stupid by the
clever. Is not the old ideal one to be prized in modern India ? There
is a noble Socialist saying which is being accepted by the conscience
of the West : " From every man according to his capacities; to every
man according to his needs." That is the ideal of the family, which,
as I said before, is the true model for the State, rather than the ideal
of the combat for Rights, fitter for the wild beasts of the jungle.
That ideal of the family is the ideal of the future; a family in
which the young shall be protected, cared for, fed, disciplined, trained.
The little child is given his food even when the elders run short, and
it is the children of the State family that need most consideration.
The learned and the thoughtful can take care of themselves, but the
ignorant and the helpless cannot. Hence their especial need should
be atiswered by special care.
From an address by
Mrs. Besa.nt.
 dlje Horoscope of Cljopin

On p. 184 of the April issue, we had a note concerning the in-

accuracy of the date usually assigned, namely, 1/3/1809 (see Modern
Astrology, March, 1909, p. 130, also March, 1905, p. 106). A sub-
scriber, Mrs. Kate J. Reynolds, has kindly sent us the following
cutting from the Irish Times of March 3rd.
"Sir,—In reviewing the organ recital at the Royal Dublin Society on
last Monday afternoon, your critic says—'The 1st of March, 1909, being the
birthday of Chopin, and yesterday being the centenary, the opportunity was
too good to be lost, etc.' May I be allowed to point out, through the
medium of your paper, that, though this is the date usually given in the
older biographies, it is inaccurate, and that some ten years ago, thanks
principally to the researches of the famous pianist, Mile. Janotha, Chopin's
original birth certificate* was brought to light, in which he is definitely stated
to have been born on February 22nd, 1810? Moreover, 1810 is the date
inscribed on Chopin's tombstone at Paris. This date has been adopted in
all the recent biographies of the composer. (See Kleczynski-Janotha,
Chopin's Greiiler H'orArs, 1896, p. 10; J. C. Hadcien, Chopin, 1903; and Jonson,
Handbook lo Chopin's ITorfo, 1905.) The centenary of Chopin's birth will,
therefore, not fall till February 22nd, 1910.
" Yours, etc.,
" M. Esposito, Jon."
Our correspondent was also good enough to write to Mons.
Esposito, in order to ascertain if the date given was New Style or Old
Style (in which latter case it would have been equivalent to March
6th in our calendarl, and the reply she received was so interesting that
we have much pleasure in reproducing it in full—and we take this
opportunity of expressing our sense of obligation both to our
subscriber and her courteous correspondent.
7, St. James's Terrace,
Clonskeagh, Dublin.
March igth, X909.
Dear Madame,
Chopin was born at the village of Zelazowa-Wola, not far from
Warsaw, on February 22nd, 1810. This date is now almost universally
accepted, and has been adopted in the Corrigenda to Vol. II. of the new
edition of Grove's Dictionary.

' Note.—" Birth certificate" here is an oversight for baptismal certificate,"

it would seem, from what Mons. Esposito says in his next letter.—Ed. M.A.
256 MODERN ASTROLOGY
It is according to the New Style of reckoning, which was used in Poland
down to 1832, the date of the final Russian conquest. The baptismal
certificate discovered by Mile. Janotha in 1896 in the records of Brochow
Church, Zelazowa-Wola (see her letter in the Athentzum for February gth,
igoi) is as follows in the English translation ; " /, the above, have performed
the ceremony of baptising in water a boy with the double name Frediric Francois,
born on the 22nd day of February, son of the Magnificas (' Magnifica ' is a Polish
title equivalent to the German ' Wohl-geboren,' high-born) Nicolai Choppen,
a Frenchman, and fustina de Krzyzanowska, his legal wife. Godparents: the
Magnificas Franciscus Grembeki and Donna Anna Gzarbekowa, Countess of
Zelazowa-Wola." This certificate is dated April 23rd, 1810.

ZteQk er South Pojni.

a T
15
m
B8

7 i5
o I€

4
=51

'4- /6

Nadir ot North Point.

On Chopin's tomb at Paris (at the P£re la Chaise Cemetery) the year
1810 is inscribed, and February, 1810, is the date given by Ffetis in bis
Biographic des Musiciens, who apparently got it direct from Chopin, of whom
he was a friend. The wrong date, 1st March, 1809, appears to be due to
Chopin's sister, who gave it to Karasowski for his Life of Chopin, from which
book it was copied into the works of Audley, Bennett, Finck, Hadow, Niecks,
Willeby, Huneker, etc., and the many newspaper and .magazine articles on
Chopin.
It is curious that all through Chopin's career we find uncertainty and
controversy with regard to many incidents and dates. This is perhaps due
to his curious dislike to writing letters and definitely setting down facts
 THE HOROSCOPE OF CHOPIN 257
about himself. His friend Liszt states that be bad known bim sometimes to
walk miles in order to answer in person an invitation which in five minutes
be might have answered in writing.
Yours truly,
Mario Esposito.

P.S. —Having made Chopin the subject of careful study, I shall always
be delighted to give you any information on him in my power.
M. E.
The vexed question of the dale of Chopin's birth can therefore be
regarded as definitely settled, and the following cutting from Musical
News {3/4fog) kindly forwarded by Mons. Esposito, supplies us with
the hour.
. . The correct date is to be found on Chopin's grave in PAre
La Chaise, but further proof, if necessary, is forthcoming in a recent number
of that excellent little Brussels paper, Le Guide Music ale. Our contemporary
has discovered that Chopin's birth certificate states in Polish that bis
father, Nicolas Chopin, aged forty years, and living at Zelazowa Wola,
presented to the civil State officer of the parish of Brochow, his son Frfederic
Franjois, born in his bouse on February zznd, 1810, at six o'clock in the
evening, which is certified by witnesses, and, lastly, there is his certificate of
baptism, in Latin, on the same date,* to which is added the names of his
god-parents, Francis Grebeck and the Countess Anna Skarbek de Zelazowa
Wola, wherein Nicolas Chopin is accounted a Frenchman. There seems to
be no sort of doubt that these are authentic, and we trust that the three
above definite proofs will convince the doubters and the misinformed, and
that they will for ever henceforth hold their peace. Musical News has
spoken."
The accompanying map is calculated for 6 p.m., mean time,
22/2/1810, Warsaw. We think that few, looking at it, would take it
for the nativity of a composer of world-wide fame. All planets but
two are below the earth, and those two are setting in a succedent
house. It may well be left as a problem for students.
The infatuation of Chopin for Georges Sand is a matter of history.
It is interesting to compare the two horoscopes,! and the points of
contact may be tabulated thus ;
Chopin ? =128 D^n .VT23 (lord VII.
Georges Sand Asc. =127 2 T26 (lady V.)
From these relationships it is easy to infer that the attraction was a

* This apparently means either that baptism took place on day of birth, or else
that the same date of birth is given in the baptismal certificate, for we have learned
above that the certificate itself is dated April 23rd.—En. M.A.
t The nativity of Georges Sand will be found in How to Judge a Nativity, Part
11.. Second Edition, p. 247.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

tar more serious matter for the musician than for the authoress, and
this is in accord with the facts so far as known.

Mr. Yeshavant K. Pradhau, of 12, Shenava's Chawl, Thana, Bombay

Presidency, India, writes as follows, under date of li/i/'og :
" Allow me to introduce myself as one of the pet students of Mr. Jiwan
Trunbak Cbitanis, founder of Bombay Astrological Society in 1892, and the
judgment of which had appeared in the Astrologer's Magazine. I learn from
his private papers that he had a great correspondence with Messrs.
' Aphorel,' Alan Leo and H. S. Green, and that he was a contributor to the
Astrologer's Magazine.
" I am extremely sorry to inform you that he breathed his last on the 13th
February, 1909, at about 3 p.m. He died accidentally as rightly foretold
by Mr. ' Aphorel.'
" He was the first man in India, of high genius, and who throughout his
lifetime struggled for the advancement of this sublime science. He ably
managed the Society and gave the necessary astrological advice to any man
without any charge. He was the only mac in India who prepared such a
vast number of students and shed lustre on the ancient literature of this
science. Our astrological world now feels his absence very much. Among
bis students there is not a single man who can fill bis place.
"We hold a meeting of the past members and students of Bombay
Astrological Society on 28th proximo at about 3 p.m. and send a letter of
condolence to his wife. As he has left no provision to his widow we passed
a resolution to erect a fund for the support of his wife and two little
daughters.
" He sacrificed his time, money and everything for the advancement of
this science, and to convince the people he allowed every man to have his
astrological advice or delineation of their horoscopes without any charge,
and thus to the last days be remained a poor man, without making any
provision for his wife and for his two very young daughters.
" Now-a-days he was making extraordinary discoveries in this science,
and devoted his whole labour to complete his cyclic system. Lately he was
thinking how he can destroy the planetary bad influences by charms or
Mantras. He did discover some means but he constantly used to declare
that they are as yet imperfect. A few months ago he commenced to write
a book named Chilra Gupta Kayasiha, i.e., by the help of it any astrologer
can tell the rising sign with degrees on the ascendant and other planets by
simply viewing a person ; but he could not finish this work and we don't
think that any of us will be able to complete it.
" As he had left no provision, as I have said, it is our sacred duty to do
something for bis family, so we have passed a resolution, as I have said, to
erect a fund for this cause and the amount shall be given to bis widow, and
some of the portion of the said fund will be spent in printing his works ; and
the sum which will be recovered from selling these books will also be given
to his widow. Will it not please you to help our sacred cause for your
brother and friend astrologer, and I hope yon will inform these things to his
friends Messrs. Alan Leo and 'Aphorel.' Up to the present time we have
received some Rs.200 but we expect that the sum will soon increase."
Any who feel disposed to contribute to this fund should send to Mr.
Pradhau at the above address.
 359

®b< digits of tl;e Zobiac ^nal^scb

By Isabelle M. Pagan

[A uthcr's Copyright]

PISCES

Keynote: Love Watchword: Unity

Function : The Poet or Interpreter
Perfected Stage Primitive Stage
Type Inspired Mediumistic
Outlook Romantic' Unpractical
Character Self-sacrificing Listless
Thought Method Meditative Dreamy
Mind Eager Wistful
Intellect Intuitive Instinctive
Nature Obedient Impressionable
Disposition Unworldly Improvident
Emotion^ Attitmle Forgiving Weak
Affections Adoring Abject
Sex-A ttitiide Passionless Shrinking
Speech Suggestive Diffident
Style Plastic Indefinite
Action- Manner Gentle Nervous
Bearing Unassuming Apologetic
Temperament Sunshiny Variable
Examples
H as Ascendant K at Zenith
{Affecting Actions) {Affecting Emotions)
Empress Frederick of Germany H. P. Blavatsky
H.M. Queen Victoria of Spain Due d'Orleans, b. 1869
Queen wilhelmina of Holland Emperor William III. of Germany
Shakespeare (?) Princess Victoria of England, 1868
Burne Jones (?) Marie Antoinette
Keats (?)
Earl of Kosebery
2ena Dare
Dangers to Health :—Despondency and wistful yearnings. Cravings for
emotional excitement. Moral and mental suggestions of a morbid and
unwholesome type. Physical infection.
Physical Symptoms :—Indigestion and lack of vitality, causing a liability
to accept germs and microbes. Influenza and consumption. A craving for
stimulants. Fretful irritability, illusions and delusions.
26o MODERN ASTROLOGY
Remedies:—Strengthen the character by cultivating the more robust
virtues. Guard against impressionability, over sensibility, and over respon-
siveness to morbid vibrations from others. Attend scrupulously to cleanli-
ness, to ventilation, and to all matters connected with hygiene. Live as
much as possible in the open air, and strictly avoid alcohol and opiates.
Vegetarian diet is generally to be recommended to people of this type,
especially if psychism is developing rapidly.
Birth Stone or Mystical Gem :—Chrysolite, Moonstone.
Harmonious Signs :—Cancer, Scorpio, and Virgo.
Ruler:—NEPTUNE. Regent:—Jupiter. Colour :—Light blue.
Metal:—Aluminium (?). (No traditions as to this.)
The ruling deity associated with this sign is Neptune, the God
of the Sea—that wonderful world of waters which is the most fitting
physical symbol of the astral, emotional, or psychic plane. The
ocean, even when apparently at rest, is never absolutely still, but
always stirred by natural ebb and flow and mysterious undercurrent.
Steel cannot grave it, nor hot iron brand, but it answers by a quiver
to every passing breeze ; and as a pebble cast into its depths sends
vibrations travelling far and wide in every direction, so some message
of joy, of danger or of anger thrown into the midst of a multitude of
men and women, awakens and unites their emotional natures, sending
ripples of mirth, great waves of shuddering panic, or stormy billows
of malice and hate through the entire crowd. The sea mirrors the
sky above it; its waters rest upon the solid earth beneath. So does
emotion bind thought to action and carry the fruits of action back
again to the realms of thought; and it is through the gradual evolu-
tion of the emotional or psychic body that a man learns to choose
aright his pleasures and his pains, and to look behind and beyond
them for something that will outlast either. Further, it is through
this process of emotional development that salvation,—the true health
of the whole man and body, soul and spirit—is attained. For the
heart of man once aroused from indifference and lethargy by realising
its relation to the heart of the universe—in other words, by the process
of conversion—yearns upwards for right thought or heavenly wisdom,
and downwards for liberation through right action, and thus, gradually,
the whole triple nature is unified, perfected and healed of all its follies
and flaws. Consequently we find that Neptune, the ruler of this
psychic plane, was hailed by his ancient worshippers as the " Saviour "
—the Power that stirs and awakens the emotions and guides them
aright; and that the symbol given into his hand is the Trident—a
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED
three-fold emblem, used by him to still the tumult of the waves, and
calm the troubled waters into repose. Like the element over which
he reigns, he is represented as sometimes asleep, and sometimes in a
state of violent agitation ; and his form is not unlike that of Jupiter,
kingly and dignified, with flowing beard, and noble brow, but attended
by fish—the symbols of this sign, instead of by the eagle. He is the
brother of Jupiter and Pluto, and stands for the second person in the
Greek Trinity.
The deity corresponding to this aspect of Divine energy in Indian
mythology is Vishnu,* whose title, " The Preserver," very strongly
suggests " The Saviour" of the classic writers, and shows us a very
striking resemblance between both systems of teaching and our own
familiar Christian mode of expression. The analogy is further accen-
tuated by the fact that it is Vishnu who is said to come to the rescue
of mankind by incarnating periodically on earth in some practically
helpful form, thus acting as teacher and guide to the developing race.
Love is the greatest and deepest and most enduring of the emotions
—the emotion which gives the strongest impulse to self-sacrifice—,so
such divine incarnation—the taking on of physical limitations for the
benefit of others—is naturally ascribed to the presiding deity of the
psychic or emotional plane ; and it is therefore peculiarly fitting that
the members of the early Christian Church should have chosen Pisces,
the fish, as the emblem of their religion—the sign by which they
recognised each other in the days of danger and persecution. It is
also interesting to note the constant recurrence of the watery element
in the Gospel story. Our Lord is described as walking on the waves
and stilling their tumult, an assertion which can be interpreted both
psychically and physically. He chose His disciples among fishermen
and their friends, gave them fish to eat, and taught them so to cast
their nets that they might bring great multitudes offish to land with
the tut still unbyoken. Would that their successors in authority had
always striven for the same end !
Regarded simply as a form ot energy, Neptune represents the
dissolving or unifying principle as opposed to (he differentiating and

* The Hindoo teaching really acknowledges seven planes; but four cannot be
symbolised efTeclually. They are suggested by the four heads of Brahma, the first
Person. The second Person of the Trinity isdescribed in Assyrian, Cekicand many
other religions as the Saviour or .1/cdiator.
262 MODERN ASTROLOGY
separative tendencies typified astrologically by Vulcan and Mars.
Mars especially drives man's energies downwards towards the physical
plane, giving him an eager desire for action and teaching him
primarily to fight for his own hand—making of him, in fact, an ego,
and sometimes also an egoist. The Power represented by Neptune
and Pisces withdraws a man from the warfare of the physical plane
and sets him longing and yearning first for emotional experiences,
then for a wider knowledge and a deeper consciousness, and ultimately
for full and perfect union with the Divine.
In seeking to understand the children of Neptune the above
definition of its power will be our safest guide. The strength of the
typical Piscarian lies in his ideals and aspirations rather than in his
actions. He has little or no worldly ambition, cares nothing for rank
or place or power ; seldom succeeds in making money, and rarely
accumulates it. He is indifferent about restrictions and limitations in
this earthly life, so long as the inner self is left free to feel and to
dream and to grow according to the laws of its own nature. Thus,
many people born under this sign are attracted to the cloister, or
imprison themselves voluntarily within the limits of house or studio,
garden or library, shrinking from the society of their fellow men, and
from anything like competition, rivalry and strife. Many others go to
sea, or spend all available recreation time within the narrow confines
of yacht or fishing smack, preferring the silent world of waters to the
most beautiful scenery on the face of this earth. With the vast ocean
below and the star-spangled sky above, with only a few frail boards
between them and the abyss, they rest content and calm and fearless ;
for solitude and solitary musing are very frequently the luxuries most
prized by people of this type, especially if their lives are passed in
uncongenial and unsuitable surroundings.
And yet it is difficult to say that any particular profession is
impossible or unsuitable for a Piscarian. On the whole, individual
commercial enterprise is least likely to be a success, and the son of
Neptune will do wisely to consult some clear-headed man of business
before choosing his investments; but if the business signs—Taurus
and Virgo—are well accentuated in his horoscope, and aspects are
favourable, it is possible that the quick intuition and plastic mind
given by Pisces may favour daring undertakings in this or other lines
of ambition rather than hamper them. But as a rule the Sun, the
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED

Moon, the ruler or any striking group of planets in Pisces must be

taken as inimical to worldly prosperity, because these positions
indicate that the native will never make it his first consideration, but
rather tend to sacrifice it to his ideals and aspirations, and to the
imperious need he feels for harmony and inward peace. Curiously
enough, it is this yearning for unity and for the sense of completion
which carries many of the children of Neptune on to the stage, which,
in some ways, seems to be the last place one would expect to find them.
It may to a certain extent prove trying and uncongenial, but the
actual work of interpretation will always give these people intense
delight, and they are almost invariably capable of undertaking some
form of it. Receptivity of mind makes them accept the thought of
the poet or playwright as naturally as if it were their own, and once
possessed or inspired by that, they positively revel in calling up the
necessary emotions. These, in their turn, dominate the action, and
so transform, for the time being, the whole personality. Further, the
psychic sensitiveness peculiar to the type gives Piscarians a very
special pleasure in the feeling that they are in touch with their
audience; for that is to them a kind of foretaste of the enlarged
consciousness for which they yearn. In proportion to their delight
in such achievements, however, is the measure of their despondency
after failure; and in some cases fits of unreasoning apprehension
beforehand and all the horrors of actual stage fright are among their
recurrent woes. Analysis of the horoscopes of successful actors and
actresses will show an amazing preponderance of this particular
influence ; and there are few, if any, of the first rank without at least
one planet in the sign. To name only a small selection of widely
differing types, Garrick, William Terriss, Mrs. Kendal, Mr. F. R.
Benson, Henry Irving^, and J. L. Tooleall have it emphasised in one
way or another, and Miss Ellen Terry has actually a quadruple
accentuation, consisting of Neptune, the Sun, Saturn and Mercury!
Apart from theatrical life altogether, the true-born Piscarian generally
learns sooner or later that " all the world is a stage," and whether he

* Henry Irving is the least Piscarian of those named; and his success was
really due to the power and personal magnetism given by his ascendant, Scorpio.
Still, he had the mystic outlook from Uranus, and love of interpretive art from
Venus, both placed in Pisces: but be was handicapped by a lack of plasticity in the
physical vehicle:—the true cause ot the mannerisms so easily imitated by lesser
men.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

plays lead or simply walks on as a humble super, he realises more fully

than it is possible for other men to do that his little life is only part of
a stupendous whole, and that the setting of the scene is transitory and
elusive, and of very little importance compared with the rendering of
the piece. This is why many Piscarians are peculiarly fitted to enter
the church, the army, and the navy, or to lake employment in large
institutions such as hospitals, universities, colleges, and theatres.
Any kind of service which emphasises the fact that the whole is
greater than any of its parts, or teaches a man to regard himself as
a mere unit, whose duty it is to put self and self-seeking absolutely
aside, gives opportunity for the rapid assimilation of the special
lessons assigned to the sons and daughters of this sign. Government
service is peculiarly suited to this very improvident type; because
government salaries, though small, are steady and regular, and a
suitable provision is generally made for old age. Life is often simpli-
fied for highly-developed Piscarians by the fact that they accept celi-
bacy easily, and many, especially among the women, lead cheerful and
busy lives as maiden aunts or other unimportant members of the
household, unselfishly content to sink their own individuality and to
fill up the odd corners of family life.
Manifesting in humanity in the early stages, the power of Neptune
seems to our blind eyes merely negative, if not wholly malevolent, for
the primitive Piscarian is almost invariably a burden and anxiety to
his friends. Lacking the spur of worldly ambition, and even, some-
times, the rudimentary desire to be self-supporting and independent,
he drifts aimlessly through life, always waiting vaguely for the
prompter and incapable of using his discrimination when the prompt
comes. He will accept any suggestion that chimes in with the
emotional condition of the moment, and, as a variety of emotional
experiences is the true path of his evolution, that condition is con-
stantly changing. Like a rudderless boat he drifts on a sea of
sensations, caught by every passing current, driven by every wind
that blows. The wistful yearnings for completion which make the
real compelling force of the sign and which will ultimately take the
form of a devout desire to become One with the Father, are mis-
translated into cravings for creature comforts, for emotional excitement
and, too often, for stimulants, opiates, and narcotics; and over-
indulgence in these naturally leads to physical break-down, to hallu-
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED
cinations, delusions, delirium and many sorrowful forms of insanity.
Even the fitness for celibacy and the monastic life which shows later
on as a favourable influence, has its dark side in the earlier stages,
merely manifesting as a peculiar inability to understand the sanctity
of the marriage contract or to appreciate the qualities of faithfulness
and loyalty; and even, in certain cases, leading to unwholesome and
morbid perversions of the natural instincts. When highly developed
these people are pure and passionless and yet at the same time very
loving ; but in the earlier stages they are prone to strange and
unaccountable adorations and antipathies which they do not attempt
to control—revelling in the emotional exercise of a devotion that is
positively abject or shrinking with shuddering repulsion from some
■apparently harmless and innocent fellow creature. As they are
always more or less psychic and intuitional even when not actually
mediumistic, these vagaries may be the result of telepathic communi-
cation or possibly of the latent memories of former lives, and so
actually have some sort of comprehensible basis; but as obsession
and hallucination are among the dangers of this sign, it is never wise
to accept such an explanation too readily ; and in every case the duty
of self-control in such matters ought to be strongly insisted on. In
fact the whole training and education of this type ought to be such as
to lead them steadily in the direction of greater balance and self-
restraint in every kind of way. Otherwise nervous irritability varied
by sudden explosions of temper of a type suggesting positive
" possession " by the demon of anger will become habitual, and in the
case of women, the tyranny of tears will make the lives of those who
have to live with them a burden. At the lowest depths the cloistered
seclusion appropriate to the type is often replaced by the prison cell,
for though incapable of daring crime on their own account, Piscarians
easily drift into the position of cat's-paw or scape-goat, and are
extremely helpless in the matter of self-defence. They also lack the
sense of proprietorship, and consequently cannot see why they should
not be allowed to help themselves from the superfluity of others.
Commercial integrity and conscientious discharge of debts are in fact
altogether beyond them ; and though, if they have money they are
always quite willing to part with it, they can never understand why
someone else—who has the cash at hand—should not meet their
obligations for them without demur.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Manifesting physically, the influence of Neptune and of Pisces

shows a characteristic indifference to the possibilities of the physical
plane. The stature is generally insignificant, the muscles weak, the
limbs short, especially from the knee downwards. The skin is very soft
and easily wrinkled, the hair fine and silky, of a nondescript colour;
the eyes light, and the complexion pallid. The best looking specimens
have better proportions, clear complexions, dimples instead of wrinkles,
and a golden gleam as of sunshine in their hair; but actual beauty
among the sons and daughters of Neptune is very rare. Even the
comelier specimens are apt to have their plain moments, and the type
at its worst is very plain. Its disadvantages are, however, generally
atoned for by the plasticity of feature, mobility of expression and
extraordinary grace of movement and gesture associated with the sign.
Even the somewhat deficient colouring of those born under it seems
to change and brighten as they forget themselves and their shyness in
really congenial society ; but their psychic sensitiveness to surround-
ings often makes them fail to do themselves justice, and it is only at
inspired moments that they are seen at their very best. A touch of
the Neptune influence often adds great charm to childhood, and even
in old age a certain child-like grace is sometimes retained, making the
personality extremely loveable. The step-sons of Neptune, as the
primitive specimens are called, are to be sought among the most
shiftless and incapable and unfortunate of mankind; and they usually
look the part—weak in health, consumptive, morbidly shy, depressed
and depressing. They are generally extremely sensitive to the
influence of alcohol or other deleterious drugs, so that very little self-
indulgence disgraces them in the eyes of their fellowmen, and brings
on deplorable reaction, which in its turn drives them again to excess.
Luckily such types rarely survive to old age, so that their state of
abject misery is seldom so prolonged as the severer discipline meted
out to sinners of a more robust type.
Piscarians are common in literature, but rarely play leading parts.
An exception is found in Hamlet, Prince of Denmark, the precise
interpretation of whose character has been the subject of so mucb
debate. He is psychic, emotional, and impressionable; prone to
moods of loneliness and despondency, liable to sudden outbursts of
severity which contrast strangely with his habitual gentleness;
deeply religious, yet unrestrained in his flights of daring speculation
 THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC ANALYSED

by mere formalities of orthodox belief; so utterly devoid of ambition

that he declares he could be bounded in a nut shell, and yet count
himself king of infinite space; always on guard against his own
sensitiveness to suggestion, and insistent in demanding proof that his
ghostly visitant is no goblin damned, luring him to destruction ;
keenly interested in acting, and exquisitely true to the best principles
of the actor's art in his discourse thereon. Students of Astrology who
wish to have a clear conception of the tendencies of this type cannot
do better than read and re-read his utterances, remembering, as
they strive to realise the character, that, if recent authorities on
Shakespeare are correct, we have in it, inextricably mixed up, a youth
of twenty and a man of thirty. For it is looked upon by many as
practically certain that, in the original draft of the play, Shakespeare
gave poignancy and pathos to the plot by making the unfortunate
Prince really a student at College, as certain of the lines seem to show;
and that his age was afterwards advanced ten years, and some of the
more philosophic speeches added, because Burbage was too fat and
heavily built an actor to play so youthful a part effectively. The
play, by judicious omission, can still be taken either way, but at
whatever age the character is read, the influence of Neptune sways it,
from beginning to end. Richard II. suggests the Piscarian type at a
less highly-developed stage, and at the very other end of the scale we
have Jenny Wren's unfortunate Father, " Mr. Dolls" in Our Mutual
Friend—too pitiful and degraded a specimen of humanity to be
described as a " burlesque," in spite of the humour with which
Dickens has drawn it.
{This Series is now concluded)

A. C. writes : " I should like to say how much I appreciate the spiritual
aspects of Astrology as taught in your books, and the extremely helpful
teaching and inspiration you are able to render others.
"Could you tell me where I could get a list of the great nations of the
world, past and present, with their signs and rulers, and other astrological
information ? It seems to me from the present aspects that Capricorn must
rule South Africa, and the presence of Uranus in the sign be responsible for
the terrible upheavals of the past few years. Also there is every sign of a
great Spiritual awakening among the people themselves and a kindling of
interest in metaphysical study."
 268

^bhis from ^ohrirere

The other night I was present at a variety concert, and remarked near
me a youth whom I judged to be born under the sign Gemini. I was much
instructed to perceive that this opinion was confirmed by the points which
struck him as " funny "—and also those which failed to do so—in certain
humorous items presented for our entertainment. And the idea occurred
to me that it would be very interesting if someone could get up a series of
twelve typical anecdotes or funny stories, calculated to appeal respectively
to each one of the zodiacal temperaments.
I will give an illustration of what I mean, by relating an anecdote which
I consider certain to appeal to natives of the sign Capricorn,—or indeed to
any one in whom the influence of that sign is pretty strong. In saying
appeal, what I mean is that they will see the point immediately ; it does not
necessarily follow that they will laugh. But the story will "strike" them.
* *
A City man, negotiating a deal with a Jewish friend in the West End,
was invited by the latter to lunch with him at a neighbouring restaurant.
Having seated themselves, the twain ordered fish—lemon sole. The fish
being duly set before them, the host proceeded to divide it into two
rather ill-matched " halves," the more substantial of which he placed upon
his own plate and the remainder on that of his guest, who, being in a
bantering mood, ventured to rally him upon this un-hostlike proceeding,
which, he remarked, showed want of breeding. " Now look here," said he,
" suppose it had been the other way about, and 1 had been lunching you,
how do you think 1 should have served that sole ?—why, I should have put
the larger piece on my guest's plate, and kept the small piece for myself."
" Veil," returned the other, "thatsth vot y' got now, ainth it ? "
* :}; *
Here, again, is an obviously Gemini story:
Old Ladv from the Countrv (in deep distress); " Oh, Mr. Policsman,
do help me, I'm looking for a little man with one eye."
Policeman {sagaciously): " As you say he's a little man, mum, don't you
think you'd better use two eyes ? "
* si-
lt seems to me that there is a great opening for the study of the zodiacal
temperaments in this way, namely by finding out what type of story appeals
to the sense of humour in a person. Let it not be forgotten that a person's
 XEWS FROM NOWHERE 26g
sense of humour depends upon the particular stage his consciousness has
reached on the " life "-side of things: it might be called his "life-sense"
(see item " Humour "in index of last volume of Modern Astrology). This
is hardly the place for a philosophical discussion of the matter, or I might
give reasoning in support of this statement; but clearly it will be of service
to us as students of human nature to have some idea what particular rung
in the ladder of " life"-appreciation each sign corresponds to. Of course, I
know very well that Sagittarians are the humorists, par excellence, of humanity ;
but each sign has its own particular sense of humour, a sense which is not
necessarily shared by other signs. Virgo, for instance, will consider a story
good which to other signs appears singularly lacking in humour—indeed,
among certain astrological friends of mine if anyone tells a pointless story
the cry invariably goes up " Virgo joke! " This may seem rather hard on
Virgo (a sign which I think the average student is hard on), and therefore I
am glad to be able to propose something which will enable Virgos to redeem
their character in this particular.
v * >l;. *
What I have to propose is, that each reader shall send to the Editor
what be considers the best, or one of the best, anecdote or " funny story "
he has ever heard, at the same time stating his ascendant and giving his
birth-data also. If the Editor agrees to this, [Yes.—Ed.J I suggest that
envelopes should be marked " Anecdote" in left-hand top corner, and that
all such should be handed over to some member of (he staff to examine and
classify. His report could not fail to be interesting, and it should include a
typical story for each sign. Personally I shall await the result with much
interest, confident as I am that it will help greatly towards the understanding
of the inner nature of the signs, which I am pleased to see (p. 160) the
students of the " zodiacal and planetary temperaments " have been aiming at.
It is obvious, of course, that only sfiorf anecdotes are suitable for this
new competition (if I may he allowed to term it so).
* * * *
The Daily Telegraph of March 24th (p. 11, col. 4) contained the following
statement: "One result of Sir George Nares' expeditions to the arctic
regions was to produce evidence of coal beds on the extreme north—beds
which would point to the Polar Circle having at one time grown plants that
required a large amount of warmth if not of sunshine. The warm periods 0}
ancient geological time, of a few million years more or less ago, require explanation
quite us much as the more recent glacial epochs " (italics mine). Next day's
issue adds: " We mentioned yesterday that Sir George Nares found coal
within six or seven degrees of the North Pole. Lieutenant Shackleton's.
party have found Antarctic coal. Coal is a product of abundant vegetation.
At the present moment we know no part of the world where coal is being
 MODEKN ASTROLOGY
produced. We should say it required sub-tropical heat; at any rate, the
Polar circle is the last 'place where any geologist would look (or a carboni-
ferous epoch. Yet here we have it, within both the arctic and antarctic
circle. As the president of the Royal Society, Sir Archibald Geikie, has
said : 1 There is evidence that the climate of the earth has undergone many
great vicissitudes during geological history—for example, that a warm and
genial temperature has once prevailed in arctic latitudes, while at another
time snow and ice extended far down into the heart of Europe.' Has the
Pole shifted ? "
^ ^
These quotations will be of interest to all who have read the article
■" Manvantaras and Yngas" in Modern Astrology for February, 1906
(Vol. III., New Series, p. 77), the author of which sought to show that there
was an error, or rather oversight, in La Place's calculations for the deter-
mination of the limits of the Obliquity of the Ecliptic, which necessarily
vitiated his conclusions, and from which it consequently followed that the
axis of the Earth may—for all that has been proved to the contrary—have
lain within the plane of the Ecliptic, at some very remote period. In plain
language this means that at certain epochs of the Earth's history the Sun
might be vertical, at either pole, all day long for several months of the year.
In other words, the polar regions would have a tropical climate ; and hence
the discovery of arctic and antarctic coal would be only what one might have
expected.
The finding of coal by Lieutenant Shackleton's party, then, will once
more awaken interest in this important astronomical problem, and others
besides the writer quoted above will be asking : Has the Pole shifted ?

"This is Final."—The following advertisement appeared in the Rtferet

some time ago:
Miss Marie Lloyd, Alhanibra Music Hall, Brighton
Notice to All
Miss Marie Lloyd has one daughter, and she is not on the Stage
In answer to all inquiries
Marie Lloyd ... ... ... Born Feb. 12, 1870
The following are her Brothers and Sisters and their respective ages:
John Wood (not in the profession) Born Dec. 7, 1871
Alice Lloyd ... ... Oct. 20, 1873
Grace Lloyd (not in the profession) Oct. 13, 1875
Daisy Wood ,, Sept. 15, 1877
Rosie Lloyd ... June 5, 1879
Annie Wood (not in the profession) „ June 25, 1883
Sydney Wood April 1, 1885
Maud Wood ... „ Sept. 25, 1890
This is Final. Will anyone disputing this kindly apply at Soineraet
House ? Wood is the family name ; Lloyd, stage ditto.
F. 2. L.
 Sije JSobtacol anb ^lanetarg temperaments*

(Series.)

III.—THE SIGN SCORPIO

Our intention is to deduce and formulate a conception of the

Martial temperament from a consideration of the characteristics
displayed by natives of the two signs ruled by Mars, namely Aries
and Scorpio, the varying traits of character shown by Aries and
Scorpio people being as it were synthesised and condensed in order
that a conception of the nature of Mars-in-itself may be arrived at;
a similar procedure being subsequently adopted with the four
remaining planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Venus and Mercury.
It is essential that we should bear in mind this intention in the
considerations which follow.
The first thing we notice, in contrasting Scorpio with Aries, as is
necessary for our purpose, is that while Aries is essentially concerned
with action, Scorpio is as essentially concerned with passion. Indeed,
if one wished to summarise the whole difference, and at the same
time to indicate the fundamental identity of the Mars nature as shown
variously in Aries and in Scorpio, by means of an epigram, this
might be done in the words of a writer on the subject: " Both Aries
and Scorpio say I and my in italics."
It may be remarked here, by the way, that Aries and Scorpio
are both partial to a terse phrase, the former to a catch-word or battle-
cry and the latter to a pungent epigram.
But while they both say "I" and "my" in italics, as the
epigram has it, Aries says 1 do while Scorpio says //w/; and the
sentence always concludes, or rather the conclusion is always implied,
—" more than other people."
In short, Aries is always concerned with the magnitude and

" Note.—The first article of this series, " Od the Meaning of Teniperanient,"
appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154, and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

multiplicity of its undertakings, while Scorpio is devoted to the

subtlety, variety, and more especially the intensity, of its joys and
sufferings.
Thus we see that in both cases the " I-making faculty " is here
in full play; whether it is the personal or individual " I" that is in
question need not be entered upon at this stage. It is possible,
indeed, that when the personal " I " has been duly evolved in its two
phases, active and passive, through these two signs, the Individual
" I" may also be evolved through them in like manner, the
evolutionary process being repeated on a higher plane.
These preliminary remarks may help us to view in better per-
spective (in relation to our special intention) the various characteristics
of the sign Scorpio that have been severally noted by different
observers and which may befocussed clearly on our mental retina by
bearing in mind that while Aries is a Cardinal or rajasicand Fiery or
initiatory sign, Scorpio is a Fixed or tamasic or conservatory and
Watery or transmutatory sign. This last expression reminds us that
it is also a " death " sign : i.e., a sign in which the consciousness
passes from one plane of nature on to another. In this sign the
senses die and the passions are born: and in this sign also, the
passions in their turn die and the mind is born.
In considering the characteristics of the sign Scorpio, we seem
forced to the conclusion that the experiences of Aries (at least so far
as the particular cycle of evolution in which the soul concerned is
moving*) have been already assimilated. The desire of action for
action's sake is no longer to be noted, nor is the desire to be osten-
sible leader so much in evidence. The intention to sway others has
entered upon a more subtle stage, self-assertion has given way to self-
repression, self-laudation to self-absorption, bombast to scheming;
tyranny has given way to cruelty; desire to do, to desire to acquire;
desire to achieve, to desire to become; desire to accomplish has changed
into desire to be—yet it is always desire, a longing for change, but
this time an inner and not an outer change. It marks the first step
in the direction of self-conquest.
From what has just been said it will not be difficult to understand
* It is important to notice this qualifying sentence, or a very misleading
impression may be conveyed; namely that a Scorpio person is ifiso facto " more
advanced " than an Aries person, which of course is not the case.—En.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 273

that Scorpio people manifest strong personalities—or strong char-

acters (shall we say individualities ?)—as the case may be. They are
rarely, indeed, " milk-and-water " persons ; although instances of such
could be adduced.
In fact it may be said that the natives of Scorpio often seem to
be incarnated for the purpose of working out some special and difficult
piece of Karma needing endurance and secretiveness both for their
own sake and for the sake of others. They are better able than any-
one else to " lead a double life." Not necessarily in the bad sense,
of deceiving others deliberately, though they can do this very well;
they can play Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, they can sustain two different
characters and "act apart" in a human drama without detection ;
but also in the sense of being able to carry on an intense personal life
of their own, quite unsuspected by those living in the same house
with them.
In their dealings with the world they have great penetration and
discernment—so much so that they often carry these powers too far
and think they see what isn't there! They pride themselves on being
able to "take a man's measure," and on not being imposed upon;
and this is apt to make them unduly suspicious and distrustful of
others. They often have what is called an "old-fashioned look" or
a " knowing " look, as if saying " You can't deceive me! " and in their
personal habits they instinctively keep doors shut and boxes locked,
and make secrets and mysteries of the most trivial things. They will
conceal for years, with the most scrupulous care, some fact which is
not of the smallest importance to anyone ; they will also treasure up
the unguarded words and actions of others, in order to sting them
with reminders of these at opportune moments. On the other hand
they are, in the better types, the safest of all confidants and the
staunchest of friends.
Many of the best surgeons, doctors, nurses and magnetic healers
come under Scorpio, and the wonderful power of modern surgery—
whereby the body is assisted even to the actual rebuilding of shattered
tissues—is one of the most beneficent testimonies of this gift to man.*
• Note.—^The views here expressed are not shared by me, since I think it is
open to doubt if Modern Surgery really accomplishes alt that is often claimed for
it. As I have accepted all responsibility in connection with this series, I feet I may
be permitted to make this disavowal; although for doctors—physicians and
surgeons—individually, I have the same high admiration that most people have.
SOB-Editor.
274 MODERN ASTROLOGY

In short, Scorpio seems to embody some of the finest, as well as

some of the worst qualities of human nature. The temper, when bad,
is more violent than that of Aries because more revengeful and vindic-
tive. Aries merely hits out and lets fly. Scorpio pounces deliberately
on its prey and tortures it slowly,—it lies in wait, which Aries has
neither the subtlety nor the patience to do.
In proportion to its pride, so also is the jealousy of Scorpio, in
which the lust of power and possession—strong in all the fixed signs—
is here at its very strongest; perhaps, indeed fixed-sign people, being
tamasic, have strongerfeelings than any others, because tamas
is the most deeply immersed in matter, less able to detach itself
from form. Yet it is in this tamasic quality of will that its redeeming
power lies.
Scorpio natives have a strong bias towards ritualistic ceremonial,
and this will often show itself even where there is not what is ordin-
arily termed religious feeling. This may be shown by the number
of Scorpio men who are attracted to exoteric Freemasonry though
they may rarely or never attend church and even scoff at religion.
Again, among Roman Catholics, whose form of worship is so inti-
mately related to ceremonial, a remarkable proportion of Scorpio
people will be noticed ; indeed, it would hardly be too much to pro-
phesy of the unrepentant Scorpio that if he did get converted he
would become a proselyte of that Church. This must not be under-
stood as implying any ungenerous reflection, but merely as illustrative
once again of the profound depth as well as intensity of the sensa-
tional element in the sign Scorpio, wherein even the strongest religious
feelings are intimately bound up with the sensuous nature. Indeed,
it is in this element that the sincerity of their devotional nature has
its firmest roots. Witness the remark of a caustic critic of Protes-
tantism, " Even in England the Roman Catholics are religious seven
days in the week ! "
As regards physical appearance, though Scorpio is not usually re-
garded as a handsome sign, many of its women have been remarkable for
physical beauty. Napoleon, too, who was strikingly handsome, was
also born under Scorpio according to some authorities, but as there is
so much dispute about his birth perhaps too much stress should not
be laid on this fact.
Speaking generally, the vital or vital-motive temperament (using
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 275
this word in its phrenological connotation) predominates, giving a
strong form, thickset and robust, generally of middle size, with some-
what broad face, flat nose (in some types) and large mouth (the latter
an almost invariable characteristic). Complexion swarthy, hair dark
and magnetic and plentiful, strong and but slightly curling, yet con-
veying the idea of life. Eyes dark as a rule, with a shrewd and
knowing expression as much as to say, " Oh, yes, I dare say, but I've
heard that tale before." The jaw is very prominent, often so much
so as to mar an otherwise beautiful face. The teeth are almost in-
variably strong and usually well-formed. This might be expected
from the essentially destructive nature of the sign.
Anatomically speaking, the Scorpio body may be said to hover
half-way between that of the reptile and that of the bird, with many
of the characteristics of the serpent, including a natural aptitude for
all undulatory and swaying movements, thus often making expert
dancers and contortionists. To the same cause must be due the
characteristic swaying motion of the hips in walking which, to the
experienced observer, is the sure revelator of the Scorpio body. It
can hardly be said that the Scorpio walk is graceful, nevertheless.

To sum up, Scorpio people may be said to be people of great

personal self-control and strong common-sense, thoroughly alive to the
ways of the world and in every sense of the word practical, as a rule.
Since the humanity of our globe has barely transcended the stage
indicated by the personal qualities of Scorpio, namely, the passion for
sensation and the lust of possession, this fact need not surprise us,
and we may expect therefore to find many Scorpios thoroughly worldly
and self-seeking. But they will be efficient workers, excellent
managers, and shrewd overseers.
The astral consciousness is very vivid, and the desire for
separateness almost if not absolutely paramount.
The control of speech is a great difficulty to Scorpio natives,
for if annoyed they have an exceedingly unpleasant way of expressing
themselves in terms that " rankle " for a long time ; in fact, it may
be said of them as of the adder that they sting with the tongue.
Nevertheless, when they choose, they can be smooth-tongued enough
to suit their own purposes. But never until the Scorpio person begins
to turn his remarkable faculty of destructive criticism upon himself,
 MODEKN ASTROLOGY
instead of projecting it ever outwards upon others, is there any possi-
bility of real advancement for him. When this takes place progress
may be very rapid.
The virtues of the sign may be put down as resolution, thorough-
ness, appreciation, honesty, subtlety and integrity; the vices, as
jealousy, vindictiveness and resentment,—which may all be summed
up in the one word pride—even as the former may be epitomised in
the word thoroughness.

It v/ill be instructive to enquire why these two words should be

held to synthesise the virtues and vices of Scorpio, more especially since
it will lead us towards our special goal,—the martial temperament.
We have seen that the peculiar virtues of Aries were activity
and courage, with a willingness to undertake new ventures ; which
may be summed up in the word daring. On the other band, we
found that its weakness was the attempting too much—in short,
leaving unfinished, or half-doing. This shows us at once the utility,
and the limitations, of the Aries characteristics as a former of the
Personality; and Scorpio therefore takes up the unfinished tasks and
develops the characteristic of finishing. Sooner than "half-do" a
thing Scorpio will leave it undone, or even destroy it entirely.
We have thus an explanation of the necessity of the virtue of
Scorpio being "thoroughness." We now need to enquire; How
comes it that the vice of Scorpio should be pride ? and wherein does
the element of vice consist ?
To these we have an answer in the consideration that Scorpio is
a fixed sign, thus tending to hold the life, and to hold it for the sake
of holding, and not for the sake of using. And in the farther con-
sideration that the Personality is an instrument for the use of tha
Individuality—which word by its derivation implies the " undivided
duality," or the subjective-objective reality at the back of all mani-
festation—and which cannot therefore when manifesting through one-
personality be at variance with the interests of any other
personalities.
Consequently, if the strong personality which is the pride and
glory of Scorpio be allowed to retain and hold for its own purposes
the divine life that it has so well learned how to specialise, the true
Interests of the Indivi-Duality cannot be promoted.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 277

We can thus see not only why thoroughness is the virtue of

Scorpio, but also why pride is its vice, and also'why it is a vice. The
true test of worth is utility, says Hiram Butler ; but if the Scorpio
strength, whether of body, of will, or of character, is not to be
generously devoted to the service of others, it is an encumbrance to
spiritual growth and will wreck the very edifice itself has reared.
The complete analogy of these on the physical plane may be
readily worked out by anyone who will reflect on the cause and origin
of the most destructive and insidious diseases.
Since the seventh house and the seventh sign are held to relate
to the Individuality or Spiritual side of the nature, and the first to
the earthy or material; then since Taurus the second sign is repre-
sentative of " Karma," variously as patrimony, physical stamina,
executive ability, and innate power of thought, Scorpio its opposite
may be looked upon as " Spiritual Karma," the spiritual fruit of past
deeds, words or thoughts. This is doubtless the cause of the general
unfortunateness associated with the sign, and also of its creative and
destructive powers.

Addendum

In this connection a brief note on the four Fixed Signs may

appropriately be appended as an addendum to this paper, the more
so since it will tend further to elucidate the remarks 011 the Nidanas,
the two "roots," etc., occurring in the preceding paper; (see p. 226).
The symbols of the zodiacal signs, particularly those of the fixed
signs, are very ancient and of considerable value to us as they
undoubtedly veil many truths which were not committed to writing
by the early teachers.
These glyphs had their variants amongst different races, per-
haps the better to express certain qualities of the signs suitable to the
characteristics of the race. One very ancient symbol probably dating
from Allantean times is that of the Serpent, a form employed particu-
larly for the fixed signs, Taurus, Leo, Scorpio and Aquarius; for in
these we see displayed the four stages of the activity of the spiral or
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
\
This force, latent in Taurus, awakened in Leo, reaches its maximum
of activity in Scorpio. The personality has become a strong well-
defined centre.
In Egypt the serpent is constantly being met with—in the Book
of the Dead and in several of the semi-magical works, particularly the
Book of the Oventhromtng of Apepi (The Serpent of Darkness).
Again, Horus slays the serpent just as Hercules the Hydra and
in the famous stela of Alexandria we see the Man-child (Horus).
holding in his hands the serpent and the symbols of the fixed signs.
In the Eupbratean valley the serpent is not so common, the
Scorpion taking its place. The Akkadians and their successors the
Babylonians were fond of combining the animal figures of the fixed
igns in the form of composite creatures, and one of these is met with
n the form of the Scorpion Men.
Again, in the very ancient lunar zodiac of the Akkadians (so
ancient that the Babylonian scribes of noo b.c. could barely trans-
late the writings) Scorpio is associated with the lightning (Gir) as
cognate with the Scorpion's sting. The Divine Storm-bird (Zu) also
comes here; Zu was a ravenous bird of prey, after humanised in
Lugul-Tudda (the lusty king) who brought down the fire of heaven,
(lightning), much as Prometheus is fabled to have done.
It is interesting to note that lightning is also associated with
Ramanu (Rimmon) or Aquarius, a point to be considered at a later
date. It is possible that the Uranian influence is strong in Scorpio
to shatter the separated centre ere the soul can pass into the peace of
the higher Aquarius and Pisces. In the Buddhist philosophy of the
Wheel and Nidanas the soul comes in Scorpio under the influence of
Trishna (Desire or Thirst), as well may be understood in the case of
the well-defined personality ; and so in the Buddhist Cosmorama we
have the figure of a man drinking tea or wine.
In Scorpio the unseen warrior finds his hardest task. The
Dragon of the Threshold will rise again and again, until the warrior,
like St. George, will slay the guardian form of the inner portals. So
the Uranian lightnings become a necessary prelude to the later stage
when the Man-child is manifested in Aquarius.

[The next article of this Series mill be " The Martial Temperament."]
 279

^ome Ueflfictxons on Nomenclature, Astrological anil

(Btbertoise

In the opening paragraph of the first article on " Zodiacal and

Planetary Temperaments," an awkward phrase occurs, which should
certainly be corrected in future impressions. It runs thus (Modern
Astrology for April, p. 155)—"the latter word coming from the
Greek Tt/uMroj, to cut off."
Ttfiiru) is, of course, a misprint, and it is incorrect to speak of any
genuine Latin word as " coming from " the Greek. The two lan-
guages have a common ancestry, but are related as sisters rather than
as parent and child. Would not the following be better ?—" the latter
word being connected with the Greek rejino, I cut."
By the way, I look forward with great interest to the publication
of further articles in this Series. It should prove extremely valuable.
I have ventured upon one small piece of criticism. Here is
another :
I have long wanted to utter a pedant's protest against the
tendency to adopt a terminology which is not always strictly correct.
For example, the words "Jupiterian" and " Venusian" are
clearly intended to serve as derivatives from the Latin names Jupiter
and Venus; but, as such, they are distinctly and, in the case of
" Venusian, "gross/y incorrect. There are obvious reasons, it is true,
for avoiding " Jovial" and " Venereal," which are the orthodox
derivatives: but would the same objection apply to " Jovian " and
" Venerian " ? I should have thought not.
A still worse case (because there is no reason for it) is that of the
now commonly accepted verb " to synthesize."
Synthesis (avy0eo-is) is a correct verbal noun from o uvrt'ffy/xt, I
put together. And the Greek derivatives of this verb include the
adjective a-vvfferiKos (whence ' synthetic') and the rare, but regularly
formed verb crvyOtn frfiai, I arrange. Thus, there is not the smallest
doubt that the derived verb in English should be " synthetize," and
 MODERN ASTROLOGV

to spell it " synthesize " is to commit a small (perhaps) but perfectly

gratuitous blunder.
I cannot see why Astrology should not be allowed to possess a
terminology as correct and scholarly as that of any other science.
The needless adoption of hybrid and impossibly formed words can
only benefit those who wish to bring the whole subject into con-
tempt ; and I, for one, have far too much respect for Astrology to
wish for this.
S. Bullance.

The foregoing letter, recently received, may serve as the text for
a little sermon.
First, however, it may be stated that the rt/Mrw was not a mis-
print, although it may be erroneous, as 1 am no Greek scholar. My
Latin Dictionary (by J. E. Riddle, Second Edition, 1839) gives on
p. 687, "Tempos, oris. n. (front re/xwu, Ttpirw, to cut ojff)."
It is evident, therefore, that the error (if error there is) lies with
the author of that book, and I am in consequence exonerated from
any appearance of carelessness, which in such a matter—going as I
was to the root of the word—would have been unpardonable. But Mr.
Bullance's remarks are nevertheless gratefully received, as the spirit
which prompts them is one with which (I trust) we are all in accord.
The special point which I have to make, however, is that language
is made not by the grammarians but by the people,—in other words
not by the writer but by the speaker. This point has been clearly
established by the author of that thought-compelling book The New
Word, (p. 61); and it receives confirmation from the fact that the very
word complained of, syntkesise, appears as an alternative to synthetise
in Chambcrs's Twentieth Century Dictionary (1904), although it is not to
be found in Chambers's Dictionary of 1861, where the form synthetise
only is given. Is not this a convincing proof that the public, and not
the schoolmen, had in the meantime conferred currency upon the word?
for the schoolmen had all along used synthetise, yet in 1904 the editor
of Chambers's Dictionary was forced to recognise the existence of
syntkesise !*

" I was just about to go through the MS. of How to Judge a Nativity,
i'aW//., Second Edition, and substitute " sj-nthetise " throughout—when I made
this discovery.—A. H. B.
 SOME REFLECTIONS ON NOMENCLATURE, ETC. 281

These facts are not unimportant. Language first and then the
grammarian. It is the " man behind the thought " who is the real
factor in language; the scholar merely studies his ways—he does not
direct them.
This is no plea for looseness of language; far from it, and Mr.
Bullance deserves well of us for having drawn our attention to a
tendency often to be "noted, alas, among astrological writers, of
employing words in a loose and slipshod fashion.
This should not be. While there is no necessity for a slavish
fear of words, a disinclination to "look them in the face," so to speak,
yet it should never be forgotten that words are the bodies of thoughts ;
they are minted coins and not mere slabs of metal, and in dealing
with them the face value as well as the current rate of exchange
should be paid attention to. Nevertheless, in the last resort, the real
value of a coin is its weight and its metal; and so it is in words.
Whatever artificial value a word may have acquired—as in political
catch words, for instance—its real value is ascertained when it is
assayed, and weighed, and cast into the melting pot.
The coining of derivatives from the names of the planets and
signs to express their astrological sense is not an easy matter, and
Mr. Bullance's suggestions are ingenious : although I do not see why
" Jupiterian " should not be ranked at least as correct as " Hanoverian."
Are we to be told that Jov is the root of Jupiter—Deus-Pater, or Zeus-
Pater ?
The most delicate sense of language is probably possessed by
natives of the sign Libra. (The author of The New Word has five
planets in this sign, and the book is an object-lesson in the use of
choice language.) Perhaps some Librans will come to our rescue
and compile a list of zodiacal and planetary derivatives for general
use. In the meantime, hearty thanks to our friendly critic.
As 1 do not wish to pledge my Editor to expressions of opinion
which he may not feel inclined fully to endorse, although I think he
would support them in the main, I had better sign myself
Sub-Editor.

The Conservative keeps the reformer from going too fast and plucking
the fruit before it is ripe.
 ®Ije ^ounbattons of $)b})&tcal Astrology

By G. E. Sotcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY; The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city lieth foursquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the West three gates. And the wall
of the city had twelve foundations. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
. . . And he measured the wall thereof . . actording to the measure o/
a man, and the city was . like unto clear glass. . . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev, xxi. 13-18.

Part Vlll.—An Objection Considered and Disposed of. The

Foundation Stone Duly Laid.

(158) Before, however, we congratulate ourselves on having

thus obtained a convincing proof of the truth of our theory we must
consider one objection that may have occurred to the critical reader.
In §(151) the magnetic intensity / was transformed into rational
units, thus making it 4 jt /, whilst the magnetic intensity H in
equation {171) from which the magnetic quantity Q was obtained, was
measured in the ordinary units ; and if measured in the rational units
then the value in {172) would be 4 jt times too large.
As before stated, this quantity 4 n- is continually turning up in
electrical theory and its meaning is somewhat puzzling. The
explanation in the above instance is that the real electrostatic charge
on a body is not q but 4 jt g as we shall show below.
If, therefore, in the expression for the magnetic force / in {143)
we had substituted 4 tt g for g and in §(151) instead of 4 jt / we had
used /, then our hnal expression for/in {167) would remain unchanged,
and we should have used the same magnetic unit for the value of both
{168) and {172) ; thus making the agreement of results complete. In
order then to make our proof in every way satisfactory we need now
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 283

to show that the electrostatic charge on a body is not q but \ ir q.

This we will proceed to do.
(159) It was shown in §(15) of our introductory article that if X
be the electrostatic attraction of a body having electrostatic charge q
at the distance d then
q = X d*
so that
^ | ('«)
If now Xq be the eleotrostatic attraction at the surface of the
body where the distance d is equal to the radius y then from {173)
= X0 or q = Xq r* (774)
Now A'0 is the electrostatic density on the surface of the sphere,
or the quantity of electricity on one square centimetre. Since there
are 4 y3 square centimetres on the total surface, the total quantity
on the whole surface must be
r = 4 TT y» ATo (775)
and from {174) and (f 75) we have for the total electrostatic charge
T — 4 ir 1 (176)
This result can be explained in the following way. When the
electrostatic quantity is measured by the force exerted in one direction
only; say from the attracting body A towards the attracted body B,
then the charge is 9. But the body A is exerting force not only in
the direction of J5 but in all other directions, and when the quantity
is measured by the sum of the forces it exerts in all directions, it is not q
but T=4 rr q.
From {173) we have
X = 3 = 4^? (,77)

which from (/76) becomes

A = —I— (775)

The surface of a sphere whose radius is d is

S = 4 rr rf3 (179)
so that we may write
-V (180)
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

This shows that the force exerted by a charged body at any

distance d from its centre, is the total quantity of electricity in the
body divided by the surface of a sphere at that distance.
Now, for our purposes, we require to take into consideration not
the quantity of electricity q acting only in one direction, but the total
quantity in all directions, i.e., T=\Trq; and this can also be used
for measuring the attractive force A", but in that case it must be divided
not by the square of the distance d but by the surface 5 of the sphere
of which d is the radius.
(160) The above explanation removes the difficulty arising out
of the appearance of 4 jt in our equations and completes the proof we
required. Since this proof practically lays the foundations of Physical
Astrology, which depends upon the truth of equation (167) and will
enable us (as we shall show) to accurately calculate the varying influ-
ences on our earth and on man of the Sun, Moon and planets, it will
be well here to scrutinise more minutely the nature of this proof.
It is shown, §(156), that our fundamental equation (167) gives us
a value for the magnetic force exerted by the Sun on the earth that is
identical with the magnetic intensity 0 in (777), which is also identical
with the value for the magnetic force exerted by the Sun on the earth
as given by another fundamental equation for//in §§(10) and (11).
But it may be objected that the one is a magnetic force and the
other a magnetic intensity, and these properties are not the same.
A reference however to §(11) will show that this intensity H was
as near as could be measured equal to the daily variation of the
magnetic force due to the Sun, so that in reality it is a case of a force
being equal to a force ; hence this objection is also removed, and we
may say that our Foundation Stone is firmly set.
(To be contimud)

A Correspondent would be glad to know the birth-date and (if possible)

the birth-place and time, of Mr. E. H. Harrison, the New York banker and
Railway magnate.
F. B. G. writes : " Re par. 2, p. 212, current issue. I have D in y ; but
absolutely no tendency to bite nails, and don't think I ever had. If so, it
must have been in early infancy.
" I have however in moments of anger bitten through pipe stems, and my
pipes always manage sooner or later to get holes bored in them through
being gripped by teeth ; but every smoker experiences this 1 imagine."
 letters to tlje ®5itor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that all communications
should be written upon One side of the paper only; (2) that planetary positions, as
well as birth data, should always be given where possible ; and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness ? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

A Luckless Youth
Dear Sir,
The following case will perhaps prove interesting to
students of Astrology. The date of birth is December 9th, 1894,
about 2.50 in the afternoon, Manchester, and the horoscope as
follows:
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
V326 —18 K26 (129.49 1122 329
Planets
G D ? 1 3 y. k ijl ij) O
t 17-35 b 5-21 /0.53 719.45 T23.22 IB3-4i5- "13-37 "117-35 IIi4-i9I5- H27.2
The reason I send it is because from about 2 years of age he
has had nothing but bad luck, and is still having it! Here are a few
instances: (1) July 1st, at about 2^ years of age, was run over,
causing concussion of the brain ; (2) collar bone broken twice in
about six months, when he was 8 years of age ; (3) has been operated
on twice since then for something to do with the bowels ; (4) is subject
to fits, falling down in them without the slightest warning, and when
they once start he keeps going into them for hours; (5) fell into the
canal six months ago and was fished out nearly drowned; (6) last
Wednesday they brought him home senseless, and they are now
(according to the doctor) expecting brain fever. I cannot tell you one
half of the things he has gone through ; he has fallen downstairs
twice. He never seems to be out of trouble, and has been under the
doctor, according to his parents, ever since he was 2 years of age.
Can Astrology throw light on all these accidents that he seems
to get into ? He seems perpetually to be in trouble some way. If
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

none of your readers can find the reason of them, there may be some-
thing worth studying in the map. I cannot think all these accidents
mere chance, or the vicissitudes of an ordinary life. I should like to
know through Modern Astrology what some of your readers think.
Thanking you in anticipation,
Yours faithfully,
Manchester. J. F.

"How to Tell the Cards"

I.
Dear Sir,
I am venturing to write to you, entirely through your
article in the Astrologer's Annual, on Cards.
I have been interested for some years in card telling and until I
came upon your method I have always supposed that it needed some
sense (intuition) which was lacking in myself.
I have bad such curious (almost) success with your method that
I crave for more information badly.
There are so many combinations that I cannot put together.
Is there a more complete exposition to be procured ? Have you
published one ? or can you help me ?
8, Meadow Studios, Yours sincerely,
Bushey, Herts. A. W. N. L.

II.
Dear Sir,
In the 1909 number of the Astrologer's Annual you had an
article, which at first sight must have appeared to many as a curious
one to find in a magazine devoted to Astrology,—I refer to the article
entitled " How to read the cards," by Zelius. Knowing that cards
have been used as a means of divination for many a long age, I first
read the article and then studied it ; finally I tried it.
At first " A popular recreation for the Christmas season " rather
put me off, but thinking that no really frivolous article would be found
in your magazine, I tried it and tried it seriously, just as the writer
had said was necessary. I expected some result but, after some
practice, the result I received from this method of laying out the cards
simply astounded me.
About ten days ago a silver spoon was lost and a servant was
suspected of either having stolen it or, more likely, of having lost it
through carelessness. I made a horary figure for the time I first
beard of the loss, but the figure was not clear, excepting that whether
the spoon was stolen or not, it was then in a place much frequented
by animals, and where there was fire. This being, to say the least of
it, somewhat vague and unsatisfactory, the cards were tried, and they
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR

said very decidedly that the person suspected was in fault, the spoon
was lost, but that it would be quickly returned through the agency of
a man under the government. That a governmental personage
should be good enough to be interested in a lost spoon seemed absurd,
but a moment's reflection upon this and the fire and animals as shown
by the astrological figure revealed the true facts—the Garbage Man.
He was certainly under the city authorities, and where the garbage
was dumped there were kept a number of hogs, also there was a fire
to burn what the hogs could not eat. The garbage man was spoken
to, and a day or two after he brought back the spoon, which through
the carelessness of the servant had got covered over with some refuse
and thrown into the garbage can, and found by the man under
government beside the animals and the fire.
Do you not think that this little incident shows that cards could
often be used to fill in the details not shown by Astrology, or perhaps
not seen by the would-be astrologer ?
Surely your readers would be interested if your contributor,
" Zelius" would amplify the instructions given, as they are necessarily
brief. Could not she (or is it possibly he ?) give more combinations
and the meaning of double cards, that is, when two cards of the same
denomination come together ?
If you think this would not be of sufficient interest to your
readers or you cannot give the space in your magazine for another
article, could you put me in communication with your correspondent,
as the subject is one which interests me greatly ?
P.O. Box 768, Denver, I am,
Colorado, U.S.A. Yours faithfully,
J- c-
[In reply to our correspondents. The contributor of the article men-
tioned has been a subscriber to this magazine from its commencement.
She is now travelling on the Continent and on her return to her home in the
West of England she may be induced to reply or extend the article that
appears to have met with so much approval.—Ed.]

The "Number of the Beast." The Sign Sagittarius

Dear Sir,
I should be very glad of a theosophical or astrological ex-
planation of the number 66 of the Antichrist mentioned by St. John in
the Apocalypse. Doubtless you are aware of the apparent connection
between the "beast" in the vision of Daniel, whose number was 33,
and the beast or Antichrist of the Apocalypse. According to the best
theology the beast is the symbol of earthly government. Now I
should like to know if the mystical science of numbers offers any
explanation for these numbers 33 and 66. I know that 3 is the
number of man, f.e., body, soul and spirit, but what is the 33 and
the 66 ?
288 MODERN ASTROLOGY

I should greatly appreciate if you or one of the readers of this

magazine could give any light on this subject.
Parker's Hotel, Yours very truly,
(Late Tramontano), Naples. W. Stiehle.
P.S.—I have noticed that the physical description for Sagittarius
in your last number does not agree with the physical description in
Astrology for All, Part I. ("rather thick set," as against "slender,
etc.," in Astrology for All). Now I am born in, and have the rising
sign of Sagittarius, and therefore the reading should have suited me,
which it does as regards the spiritual and mental planes ; as regards the
physical I am quite the opposite in every respect, especially stoutness,
and big ears, breadth of forehead, etc. : but in Astrology for All, my
physical reading is correct. I should be glad to know the reason for
this apparent contradiction.
fin regard to the P.S., Miss Pagan's remarks are referred to in a way
that is likely to produce a misleading impression. She says (p. 138) " many
of this type are short, broad shouldered and rather thick-set, growing
positively fat in old age; but others are tall and athletic, and somewhat com-
manding in statue and bearing " (italics ours). We think most readers'
experience will bear this out. Our own observation seems to show the third
or Leo decanate of Sagittarius to give the shorter build (other things being
equal). But much depends on Sun's and Moon's positions, and the sign
occupied by Jupiter : [e.g., King Edward VIL, ^ 27 asc.).
By the way, we have received another criticism of Miss Pagan's
interpretation of the signs, this time referring to Gemini; we have not space
for it this month.—Ed.]

"The Foundations of Physical Astrology"

Dear Sir,
A suggestion was recently made in your columns for the
formation of a Class to study Mr. Sutcliffe's articles on " The
Foundations of Physical Astrology."
If such a Class has been, or is being formed, I for one should
be exceedingly glad to have the chance of uniting with others in the
study of such valuable articles—articles which, it seems to me, a
student of Astrology shonld consider it his duty to understand.
I enclose my card and remain,
London, N.W. Yours very truly, © in .
[We shall be glad to hear from other students and to put them into
communication with our correspondent.—Ed.J
crowded out ; several letters unavoidably held over.]
Modern

Vol. VI. JULY, igog. No. 7.

Nbw Sbriss.

®Ij« ©liter's OliKwbstorg

A few years ago I attended a matin6e at which some well-

known variety artists were appearing in aid of a charity. The
performance was already more than half-way
*' Here I ara through before I was able to reach the theatre
at last I"
and just as I entered the auditorium I heard the
familiar voice of a popular comedian exclaiming " Here I am at last! "
(A pause) " Here I am" [anotherpause)—" at last! "
The personal application of this remark to my own late arrival
I remember amused me very much. Probably our " News from
Nowhere" contributor will see the Leo sense of humour in this
incident, although I quote it in connection with the new Astrological
Society.
•1: S
For it may be said of the Astrological Society just formed
" Here it is at last!" Although the prestige of Astrology in its
modern presentment has been steadily growing for many years it has
not hitherto been represented, as are other causes, by a strong and
healthy Society. But it can now exclaim, in very truth, " Here I
am at last ! " For on April 24th a meeting was held in London at
which some seventy-five persons, specially invited out of several
hundred applicants, gathered for the express purpose of considering
the advisability of forming an Astrological Society. The majority of
those present were arranged in groups according to their solar, lunar
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
and ascendant positions, and after a short discussion it became evident
that the time had arrived when an Astrological Society should be
formed. Accordingly an Advisory Committee was appointed to con-
sider the matter and to make suggestions as to the lines on which
the Society should be run. It was recommended that the general
subscription should be 5s. per annum. Further particulars will
appear in due course, but the Society may be regarded as (virtually)
alrtady formed.
* *
Personally I may say that 1 am at last satisfied with the
formation of this Society, for hitherto the work of managing the
former Societies was entirely on my shoulders; but now the
spontaneous acclamation on the night of April 24th makes it evident
that those who had urged me to call this meeting were ready to form
themselves into a Society, and although I have consented to be its
President I am sure that I am working with those who will
endeavour to co-operate with others with a view to making a strong
and useful Society, which 1 believe and hope will endure for many years
to come.
I do not, however, counsel urging people to join or to take any
active part in inducing many friends to become members; for now
that it is known that an Astrological Society has been formed, all
who wish to work and amalgamate for a common interest have the
opportunity to come forward spontaneously; and they may at once
send in their names and subscriptions (5r.) to the Secretary,—whose
address for the present is c/o the Offices of Modern Astrology,
42, Imperial Buildings, Ludgate Circus, E.C.,—when all details
concerning that Society will be sent in due course.
I may say that it has given me much pleasure to find at last the
spirit that I have so long looked for amongst astrological students,
for heretofore there has not been that unity or desire for amalgama-
tion that I had hoped to find, in the previous Societies; but now it is
assured and the desire has arisen to amalgamate and work in unison,
so that I have great hopes of this Society achieving much, especially
as those at present on the Advisory Committee are willing and anxious
to assist me in forming the Society into groups of persons who can
not only work together harmoniously but whose magnetic conditions
will be such (according to their horoscopes) as to enable them to work
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY

advantageously. In all probability some further details will be

supplied, either in the pages of the present issue, or in a later one,
by others equally as interested as myself.
in ^
The horoscope of many noted and remarkable persons are filed
in the office of Modern Astrology, and opportunities are from time to
time afforded to verify some extraordinary predic-
<< D. 8. Windell" tions that have been made concerning them, and
if desired the truth of Astrology could be vindicated
over and over again by the events that take place in the lives of those
individuals. The post of public astrologer is however a sacred one,
and until publicity is given to those events by the press or the
individuals themselves the astrologer has no right to publish them.
The strange actions of •' D. S. Windell," whose horoscope is
published in this issue [S« "News from Nowhere"] were clearly
foreseen, and the prophecy made in the presence of witnesses that he
would obtain notoriety through a fraud or a big swindle, and—
strangely enough—the remark made by the native was identical with
that uttered in the dock when he first appeared before the magistrate :
" You mean I will do a d swindle ? "

The Result of Prize Competition No. n is not yet decided, but we

trust to publish it next month. The native is a very busy woman, and
amidst a host of duties has few spare moments.
Mr. Sutcliffe's Series on "The foundations of Physical Astrology"
reaches a high pitch of interest this month and we have given a longer
instalment than usual in order to include the Table of Planetary Values
and Test in Pciyt X., as well as the Method and Example in PaH IX.
Should they Marry?—The best answer received to the problem given
on p. 516 of last volume, was received from Mr. J. M. O'Shin, The Remmiug-
ton Store, Ltd., Opposite the Law Courts, Tinubu Square, Lagos (Southern
Nigeria); and a copy of Practical Astrology has accordingly been forwarded
to bim. He decides that marriage is not to be recommended in such a case.
Unfortunately bis judgment is too lengthy for publication.
Rulers of Aquarius and Pisces.—The result of the Plebiscite
suggested by " H. R." on the last page of The Astrologer's Annual for 1909,
shows an almost entire unanimity of opinion that Uranus is the true ruler of
Aquarius and Neptune of Pisces. One or two writers, however, suggest
that unless the horoscope as a whole shows distinctly occult tendencies,
Saturn and Jupiter should be taken as the rulers.
The June issue of the Strand Magazine contains an interesting interview
with Mr. Imre Kiralfy, of " White City" fame, whose horoscope appears on
p. 349 of our last volume (August, 1908).
 292

tfljtte JRain tilings*

In considering the formation of a new Astrological Society, it

seems to me advisable to set before ourselves very clearly the aims
and intentions of such a Society before any attention whatever is
given to the discussion of methods.
First and foremost, I take it that we are all at one in the desire
to found a Society to promote the welfare of Astrology; and, on
further examining ourselves, I trust we shall find that we are
equally at one in desiring that that welfare shall be what I will call
the spiritual welfare of Astrology, rather than its material welfare.
By this I mean that we are not so much anxious to see the fact of
planetary influence generally recognised by the world, and Astrological
Universities and professorships established, as that the " notion "
of Astrology held in the popular mind should be gradually raised,
and that the fortune-telling or prophesying part of Astrology should
take its due place in the background instead of being placed as at
present in the foreground, to the almost total exclusion of the more
vital and more inspiring truths of Astrology which our convener, Mr.
Alan Leo, has done so much to make known. These things, I say,
I hope and trust that we are all of us, in our heart of hearts, at one
about.
That being so, let us consider a moment the lines upon which a
Society should be formed so as best to promote the realisation (in
some measure) of that ideal.
r. In the first place, it should be catholic ; that is, it should
include people of every type of thought—fixed, common, and mutable,
fiery, earthy, airy and watery ; and its leading characteristic should
be toleration. When Noah was stocking the Ark, there was no
exclusiveness; representatives of every variety of creature were
admitted, for all were necessary in peopling the new world that was

* A paper read before the meeting held at the Memoriat Hall, Farringdon
Street, April 24th, 1909, at 6 p.m., Mr. Alan Leo presiding.
 THREE MAIN THINGS 293

to be. And the same spirit should animate, it seems to me, this new
Society. Though here I must make a little digression.
Students of Astrology are of two kinds, materialists and non-
materialists, or in other words those who seek only the how, and
those who in addition to seeking the how seek also the why. Now it
is my experience—and it has also been that of others older, more
tolerant, and wiser than myself—that it is impossible to co-operate
(with any degree of mutual helpfulness) with the materialistic variety
of astrologer. There seems a certain narrowness, want of imagina-
tion, separativeness, quarrelsomeness—call it what you will, it seems
to render successful co-operation impossible. I am drawing attention
to this now because it is a question that will have to be faced, some
time or other, as to how far such materialistic astrologers should be
encouraged to join the new Society. It is all the more important, in
a sense, because these people are apt to think they are the only ones
that really know anything of Astrology, and that we—i.e., all the rest
of us—are mere foolish dreamers and visionaries. I think our attitude
on this point should be hrm, and that such students while not
excluded should not by any means be pressed or even invited to join
our ranks. All this is, as I said, a digression, concerning a detail.
The first thing, then, is a spirit and a policy of tolerance and broad-
mindedness. All those who have Astrology in their hearts should be
welcomed, and their views, although apparently conflicting with our
own (as we may think) more experienced ones, given due considera-
tion to—welcomed, in fact. In this way we shall form a broad
platform where all can meet without crowding or pushing.
2. The next thing is that all of us who join the new Society
should join it with the intention of working. It is not to be a Times
Book Club where each joins for the sake of what he can get, but a
Mutual Improvement Society, where each joins for the sake of what
he can contribute. I have always found that those members of a
Society who do nothing are constantly finding fault with the methods
of those who are carrying the Society on ; the busy ones have neither
the time nor the disposition to grumble.—The itch parasite is never
found in a healthily acting skin.
What that work is to be need not trouble us at present. It is
the disposition to work that is the main thing, the desire to give real
help. Everyone, however unlearned, can contribute something;
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

observations of personal characteristics, pet phrases of the various

signs, physical appearance—no one is so ignorant that he or she
cannot help in some manner.
3. The third thing that seems to me essential is that we should
have a Head. A headless body is a dead body. The last Astrological
Society I was connected with was such a body. A man was elected
to the presidency, rather against his wish as a matter of fact, though
a good many members thought he had coveted the post. Not wishing
to make it a " one man " society the president kept himself in the
background somewhat. Result, the Society fell to pieces and died
within the year. Therefore I hold that we must have a Head, one
who knows more than we do, and who will give us direction, even as
the head does to the body. My own opinion is that Mr. Leo is the
man, and the only man, to be our Head—and I shall be much
surprised if you do not all share that opinion.
I have now come practically to the end of what I had to say, but
I want to add a caution here. Don't treat your Head as though he
werethe Heart, and expect him to do all the work. If you do, I know
what will happen. He will act the part of a Heart, and the life will
go coursing through your veins and you will prosper, and you will
think it is your own life that is bringing the prosperity. For a time.
And then will come the inevitable moment when the Life, which was
not your own Life, must be withdrawn, and then you—the Society—
will fall to pieces like the mesmerised corpse in Foe's Strange Case of
Mr. Valdemar,
No, you must do your own work. The Council must be the
heart of the Society, and the President its head. And all the rest of
us ? We shall be the veins, some of us to carry bright arterial blood
to the extremities, others to bring back the venous blood—puzzles,
questions and difficulties—for the Heart-Council to deal with ; but all
of us doing useful, harmonious, uncomplaining work.
To put all I have said into a sentence :—
(1) Watchword. Toleration.
(2) Policy, All Workers.
(3) Management. A body with a Head. (3a) Caution. Head not
to be treated like a heart and expected to keep the body alive.
Alfred H. Barley.
 $otes on (Bhrfrtcttg anft ^tagnetiam

That the earth is a great magnet is a legitimate inference from

observed facts ; and a careful study of these facts will show that they
have a very decided bearing upon astrological teachings. The wider
interpretation of the subject may safely be left in the capable bands
of Mr. G. E. Sutcliffe, but a few elementary notes in passing may
prove not uninteresting.
Parallels of Declination. The astrological teaching concern-
ing the influence upon each other of two planets that are in the same
parallel of declination has a curious bearing upon the relation of
electricity to magnetism. There is abundance of evidence tending to
show that the magnetism of a bar magnet consists of electric currents
that are travelling spirally round the magnet from one end to the
other. The direction in which these currents move is such that, if the
observer is looking towards the north-pointing end of a bar magnet,
the currents will be moving round the magnet in theopposite direction
to the hands of a watch ; while if be looks at the south-pointing end,
they will be moving in the same direction as the bands of a watch
which is illustrated in Figs, i and 2.

Fig. 1 Fig. 2

If a bar of soft iron be taken, and a copper wire be wound spirally

round it, and an electric current be passed through the wire, the bar
of iron will, for the time being, be converted into a magnet. If the
bar with its spirally wound wire be balanced on a point so that it can
swing round, it will point north and south just like a permanent magnet
or a magnetic needle. The end that points north will be the one at
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

^ which the electric current is travelling as in Fig. i; and that which

points south will have the current travelling as in Fig. 2.
An empty spiral of wire, i.e., one with no bar passing through it,
will behave in exactly the same way if an electric current is sent along
the wire and it is balanced so that it can swing. It will point north
and south so long as the current passes; and, as shown in Fig. 2, the
end that points south will be the one at which the current is travelling
round the spiral in the same direction as the hands of a watch.
In magnetism, like poles repel each other, and unlike poles attract.
The north pole of a magnet will repel the north pole of a magnetic
needle but will attract the south pole of the needle.
Because the needle is a permanent magnet, the obvious inference
from the fact of its pointing north and south is that the magnetism at
the north pole of the earth must be similar in nature and in the
direction of its electric currents to that at the south-pointing end of the
needle or of a bar magnet.. Magnetic attraction implies opposites;
therefore the magnetism at the north pole of the earth must be
opposite in nature to that at the north-pointing end of the magnet.
In fact the earth behaves as if a huge bar magnet were thrust through
its axis; the south pole of the magnet being at the north pole of the
earth.
It follows from this that electric currents are travelling spirally
round the earth from pole to pole. If we could look down upon the
north pole of the earth and could seethesecurrents, they would appear
to travel as in Fig. 2, in the same direction as the hands of a watch ;
that is to say they would behave just as do the Sun, Moon, and planets;
rise in the east, pass across the meridian, and set in the west.
Experiments in thermo-electricity show that when a circuit is
heated unequally, i.e. when one part of the circuit is warmer than the
rest, the currents of heat and of positive electricity will in most cases
travel in the same direction. In the case of the earth we have such
a circuit unequally heated, the rotation of the earth presenting a
constantly moving surface to the warmth of the Sun ; and the electric
current travels from east to west, in the same direction as the heat of
the Sun.
The bearing of this upon parallels of declination is obvious. On
April 15th, 1908, Mars in the sixth degree of Gemini had 2206' of
north declination, and Neptune in the thirteenth degree of Cancer had
 NOTES ON ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM 297

the same declination. This means that, although in different parts of

the zodiac, they were the same distance north of the equator. They
would therefore be in touch with the same electric current, which
would, so to speak, mingle the two rays and produce an effect similar
to a conjunction.
Here scientific theory and astrological teaching go hand in hand ;
but it is not quite so easy to explain the effect produced when the
two heavenly bodies that are in parallel declination are on opposite
sides of the equator. For instance, on April 21st, 1908, Mars in the
tenth degree of Gemini had 22046' of north declination, while Uranus
in the seventeenth degree of Capricorn had of south
declination .*
The two planets in this case could not be in touch with the same
current circulating round the earth because they were on opposite
sides of the equator. The problem is complicated by the fact that
astrologers themselves are not quite agreed as to the precise nature
of the effect of what may be called a contra-parallel {i.e., when the two
are on opposite sides of the equator). Some of the older writers
appear to ignore it; others treat it as like a conjunction; and yet
others as like an opposition, or, as like that aspect in the zodiac to
which the two planets may be nearest at the time. It is possible that
when the nearest aspect is the opposition, a contra-parallel may
intensify this; but I have myself found benefic results follow from
such a direction as the Sun in Libra in parallel with Jupiter in Virgo.
When two planets are in contra-parallel, they form the same
A

Fig. 3
angle with the plane of the equator. In Fig. 3, let B D E represent the
equator; A, a planet in Virgo, in parallel with C, a planet in Libra.
Then the angle A D B is equal to C D B. The one is the inversion

' Capricorn is the ruling sign of India, and Mars was in the seventh house of
the map for the vernal equinox. Within a day or two of the parallel, troops were
dispatched against the rebellious Motnand tribe on the Indian frontier.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
of the other. This may be sufficient to bring them into touch with
each other; but it seems necessary to assume that when a planet is a
given distance on one side of the equator (the magnetic neutral zone
of the earth], its presence there is sufficient to start a secondary dis-
turbance at an equal distance on the other side of the equator, some-
what after the manner of an induced current of electricity, or of the
inversion by reflection which occultists say takes place in the passage
from one cosmic plane to another.
In attempting to elucidate the problem of contra-parallels it seems
also legitimate to call to our aid the analogy of the tides. When the
Sun and Moon are in conjunction, say at 20° north of the equator,
they will not only lift the tide in the direction of their combined
influence, but will also cause a corresponding lift on the opposite side
of the earth, at 20° south. If we suppose that a heavenly body has
an effect at all analogous upon the magnetic atmosphere of the earth,
this would apparently be sufficient to explain the mystery. A planet
in Virgo in Fig. 4 with, say, 8° north declination at A would produce

Fic. 4

an effect not only in Virgo where it was acting, but also at F in Pisces,
the opposite point. Let C be a second planet in Libra with 8° south
declination. C and F will then be in parallel declination (not contra-
parallel] and will be put in touch with one another by the circular
currents previously referred to. The planet C will similarly produce
an effect at G in Aries, 8° north ; and then A and G will be in parallel
and will be put in touch with each other ; so that A and C are doubly
linked.
Corollaries. If the principles underlying these ideas are approxi-
mately correct, they have an obvious bearing upon sundry other rules
in Astrology, but I will make no attempt to examine them in detail
now. There is, for instance, the question of mundane parallels, when
planets are equidistant from the line of the meridian ; although, if
 NOtES ON ELECTRICItY AND MAGNETISM .299

analogy counts for anything, this should surely be the line of the
horizon.
Again, if the earth's magnetic and electric currents are involved
in the question of astrological influence, there remain the mysterious
facts that the magnetic poles are not quite coincident with the
geographical poles nor the magnetic equator with the geographical
equator, and that there are marked irregularities on different parts of
the earth's surface. In calculating tables of houses, the mathematician
works with the poles and the equator; but if it should turn out that
the magnetic poles have to be taken into account instead, or in addition,
the complexity introduced will indeed be great; and, as shown by the
declination and inclination of the magnetic needle, the lines of the
earth's magnetism are varying irregularly not only from year to year
but also diurnally and seasonally.

Pbrigee and Apogee.

The phenomena of induction as shown by electric currents have

an interesting bearing upon a department of Astrology concerning
which we have at present no information available, but with which it
is to be hoped Mr. G. £. Sutcliffe will deal in the course of his series
of articles.
If two copper wires are arranged so as to be parallel to each other
but not in contact, and if an electric current is made to pass through
one of the wires in a given direction, an induced or secondary current
will spring up momentarily in the second wire and will run in the
opposite direction. If the current in the first wire is stopped, another
current in the second wire will again spring up momentarily, but
running in the same direction as the first wire this time. This occurs
every time the first current is made or broken ; so that if a method is
adopted of constantly making and breaking the current in the first
wire, an alternating current will be constantly flowing through the
second wire.
Again, let the same two parallel wires be used, not in contact, but
let a uniform and unvarying current of electricity pass through the
first wire. Let the wires be arranged so that they can be brought
nearer to each other or removed farther away, while still remaining
parallel. Every time the two wires are brought nearer to each other,
3°° MODERN ASTROLOGY

an induced or secondary current will spring up in the second wire

flowing in the opposite direction to that in the first, and continuing for
so long as the two wires are being moved nearer to each other. When
the motion ceases the induced current ceases. If the two wires, with
the current still running through the first, are then removed farther
away from each other, while remaining parallel, an induced current
again springs up in the second wire, but this time it runs in the same
direction as the first; and it stops when the wires cease to move.
This seems to have a bearing upon the perigee and apogee of the
heavenly bodies, or their approach towards the earth and their reces-
sion from it. The earth, as we have seen in the first section of this
article, is a great magnet with electric currents circulating round it.
I do not think it can be proved by science that such magnetic polarity
exists on the other heavenly .bodies, but there is nothing to make it
impossible with the Moon, Venus, and Mars, and perhaps Mercury,
even if the heated condition of the Sun and the other planets puts a
difficulty in the way of our applying the idea to them.
If such currents exist on the Moon, then every time the Moon
approaches the earth induced currents would spring up on the earth
flowing in the opposite direction to those on the Moon, and ceasing
when exact perigee was reached. Other induced currents flowing in
the same direction as those in the Moon would spring up during
recession, and would cease when apogee was reached.
Apogee and perigee thus appear to be indicated as critical points
marking the reversal of the induced currents. What effect this has
upon the practical aspect of Astrology I must leave to an abler com-
mentator than myself to expound. The times of perigee and apogee
of the Moon are given in Raphael's Ephemeris for each year since
1899.
H. S. Gkebn.

Two New Planets?—Paris, March 23 : M. Gaillot, formerly one of the

chiefs at the Paris Observatory, states that he has discovered, by calculation,
two new planets outside the orbit of Neptune, and asks for the co-operation
of astronomical observers to corroborate his findings. M. Gaillot bases bis
statements on deductions similar to those by which the presence of the
planet Neptune was ascertained.—Globe, 24/3/'09.
 301

Sino Ifjipotljctical planets

Professor Pickering's Planet

Many readers will be aware of the fact that in the early part of the
present year a report was circulated by some of the newspapers to the effect
that a new planet had been discovered by Professor W. H. Pickering. The
truth was that the Professor had been studying the perturbations of the
planet Neptune and bad attempted to account for them by postulating the
existence of a planet outside the orbit of Neptune as their cause. The
planet in question has not been seen as yet by any astronomer, but the
following are what are supposed to be its elements as they have been
calculated by Professor W. H. Pickering.
Longitude, January 1st, 1909 a^angi'
Declination 2i00N.
R.A. 116 0 45'
Mean annual motion o g64
Mean distance from Sun 519
Period in years 373'5
Mass in terms of Earth 20
That is, it is supposed to be nearly fifty-two times as far from the Sun
as the earth ; it takes nearly 374 years to revolve round the Sun; it is now
in the twenty-fifth degree of Cancer; and it advances nearly one degree a
year through the zodiac.
It remains to be seen whether these calculations will be confirmed by
the telescope or not.
Professor Forbes's Planet
It has been observed that seven comets, all permanent members of the
solar system, agree in having their greatest distance at about one hundred
times that of the earth from the Sun ; and four of these have orbits that lie
practically in the same plane. Professor George Forbes suggests that this
is probably the plane of the orbit of an unseen planet lying far beyond
Neptune; and he has published the following approximate elements as the
results of bis study of the subject:
Present Longitude about 60m
.. Latitude ,. 34° South
Period of revolution ,. 1,000 years
Distance from Sun ,, too
(Distance of Earth from Sun = 1)
Inclination of plane of orbit to ecliptic 5^
Present Heliocentric Long. 202°
That is to say it is now supposed to be situated at about six degrees of
Scorpio, and its rate of motion to be about one degree in three years.
The plane of its orbit is very considerably inclined to that of the ecliptic;
so much so that for part of its course round the Sun it would be quite
outside the ordinary limits of the zodiac. This is illustrated by the thirty-
four degrees of south latitude attributed to it at present; and if this position
is correct, it could only be detected by an observer in the southern
hemisphere.
It has not yet been seen, but the position attributed to It is said to agree
closely with the aphelion positions of the comets previously mentioned.
H> S. G.
 302

Sfc Hope of HoUanb

Few are the children whose coming into this world is heralded
with such rejoicings as that attending the birth of the Dutch Princess.
At the moment of birth the last degrees of the sign Gemini ascended,*
therefore the main influence of the first house is that of Cancer, over
which the Moon is said to be the presiding influence. Of the

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characteristics of Cancer as a rising sign much has been written in

Astrology for All, Part I., under the heading of " Delineations
based on the Rising Sign " ; it is unnecessary therefore to deal in
detail with this rising sign, as so many readers of Modern Astrology

• The map Is calculated for 6.50 a.m. G.M.T. iojql'og, 52.3N., 4.18E.
 THE HOPE OF HOLLAND

are acquainted with its characteristics, and the space thus saved may
be more profitably occupied by dealing with the horoscope as a whole.
The most notable feature of this nativity is the fact that while
there are four planets in fixed signs no less than six planets occupy
earthy signs, three other signs having one planet each; therefore the
fixed earthy element predominates. In How to Judge a Nativity,
Part II. (Second Edition) just published, it is stated on page aoo that
this combination of Quality and Triplicity denotes a materialistic
mind, and endows those born under its influence with a considerable
amount of reserve and a great deal of ^obstinacy, with persistent
tendencies; the nature is said to be over-confident, uncompromising,
rigid and inflexible, and to a certain extent limited and circumscribed ;
large self-esteem is shown and a great deal of pride, but at the same
time much patience. These tendencies are fairly well supported, in
the nativity before us, by the planetary positions, except that one
would judge more versatility and less concentration from the " scat-
tered " planetary positions, no less than six houses being occupied by
one or more planets.
Now the principal influence in this horoscope would appear to be
the rising planet Neptune, which to a certain extent appears to share
the ruling influence with the Moon. But this nativity, more than
others, brings forward the vexed question as to which is the actual
ruling planet; for it has been supposed that the sign occupied by the
majority of the planets should have a great deal of consideration with
regard to the ruling influence. In this case the majority of the
planets occupied the sign Taurus, the house of Venus, and this sup-
ports the general tendency of the horoscope, which shows a somewhat
passionate nature, with the power to feel very keenly, and the liability
to go to very great extremes where passion or the feelings are con-
cerned, hence it is not diflicult to judge that this Princess will be very
much attached to the physical body that the spirit will occupy, and
that it will not be an easy matter for her to dissociate her feelings and
sensations from the physical vehicle in which she is manifesting.
Indeed, it may be asserted that everything connected with the physical
world will have an absorbing interest for her; yet this should not be
interpreted in any adverse sense, but may be looked upon as an indica-
tion that she will be very much alive on the physical plane, and not
given to over-much speculationj or the tendency to live in the dream
304 MODERN ASTROLOGY

world, despite the fact that Neptune is rising, and is in square aspect
to the planet Saturn and sextile to the Moon. The elevation of the
planets Saturn and Mars over all the other planets in this nativity
shows that the forceful side of the nature will be expressed, and the
materialistic tendencies tend to become pronounced and noticeable.
Taking a favourable view of this nativity we may judge that the
Princess will have keen intuitions, the power to utilise all her faculties
and make the best of her abilities, for she should be very discrimina-
tive, and possess a fair amount of literary ability. The third decanate
of the sign Gemini rising, (n -,rr) has its expression in the ninth and
tenth houses of the nativity, Aquarius governing these houses, and this
should make her a very keen judge of human nature, and very accurate
and precise in all her judgments where others are concerned. The
unfavourable side of the nature will, however, be expressed in a
positive and exacting tendency, with a desire to criticise and be rather
hard on persons who do not come up to her standard of merit. As
a ruler she will be firm, somewhat dogmatic, with a strong aristocratic
tendency. She will certainly have very little sympathy with any
democratic notions that may be exhibited in her kingdom, and with
the very practical nature that she possesses should make a successful
queen when her time to occupy the throne arrives.
There is rather a singular coincidence between this horoscope
and that of Queen Victoria.* Mars in the latter changes places with
Saturn in the former, and Jupiter with Mars, and Mercury with
Venus. The planetary positions are similar and I judge that some-
what the same temperament will be manifested in the Princess as that
of her late Majesty, and that she also will tend to become somewhat
corpulent as life advances, and exhibit a considerable amount of the
same tactics—and possibly of the same ideas—as those held by our
late Queen. There is, however, a little more power expressed in the
horoscope now under consideration, and 1 judge that that power will
be used so far as the limitations of her position will allow, and that
those who attempt to restrict her in any way will find that they have
a much stronger character to deal with than they may have judged by
the appearance and the general external manner, which, on the sur-

* See How to Judge a Nativilv, Part II. (First Edition], p. 150.

 THE HOPE OF HOLLAND

ace, will be much gentler and polished, and well able to bide the very
firm interior nature.
There are very many good points in this nativity and if feeling
can be controlled and used wisely, and the whole force of the emo-
tional nature turned into the direction of the mind, it may be judged
that this native will make a good and wise ruler for Holland. There
is every hope that she will ascend the throne in due course and rule
her people wisely.

MATHEMATICAL COINCIDENCES IN ASTRONOMY

Quoted from " Chambers' Astronomy "
Planetary Axial Rotations. The axial rotations of the four last-born
planets, according to the nebular hypothesis, are very near a 34-hour period.
This data is from Chambers' Descriptive Astronomy (p. 40).
h. m. s.
Mercury's axial rotation 34 S 30
Venus' axial rotation 33 si 33
Earth's axial rotation 23 56 4
Mars'axial rotation 34 37 S3
Average . 24 0 5
The axial rotations of the four first-born planets, according to the
nebular hypothesis, are very near a 10-hour period. (The data for Neptune
is Norton's Numerical Basis of the Solar System.)
H. m. s.
J upiter's axial rotation - 9 55 31
Saturn's axial rotation - 10 29 17
Uranus' axial rotation 9 30 ?
Neptune's axial rotation - 11 10 55
Average 10 16 33
It is well known by mathematicians that there are certain numbers,
whose powers are exceptional and frequently inexplicable. An instance of
this nature is offered in the fact that if the diameter of a planet be multiplied
by .1308-I-, the product will be its angular velocity (rotation speed). The
decimal number .1308+ is of t, the ratio of the circumference to the
diameter of a circle. This fact alone, in its application to the planets,
indicates a law, empirical it may be, that a ten-hour period is some way
connected with the planets. This angular velocity (rotation speed) of every
planet bears a direct relation to its diameter.
Coincidences. The following singular coincidences, says Chambers'
Descriptive Astronomy (p. 41), deserve to be mentioned :
1. Multiply the Earth's diameter (7,912 miles) by 108, and we get
854,496 = + the Sun's diameter in miles.
2. M-nttiply the Sun's diameter (852,584 miles) by 108, and we get
92,079,072 = + the mean distance of the Earth from the Sun.
3. Multiply the Moon's diameter (2,160 miles) by 108, and we get
233,280 = + the mean distance oi the Moon from the Earth,
 ®be ^abiacal anb planetary ®emperamentB*

(Series)

IV. THE MARTIAL TEMPERAMENT

Before entering upon the main purpose of this paper, namely

the consideration of the Martial Temperament per se apart from the
special manner in which it is manifested to us through Aries and
Scorpio, the two houses of Mars, it will be helpful briefly to cou-
sider the contrasts exhibited by these two signs, as well as the points
of similarity to be noted, in order that some of the fundamental
characteristics of the martial essence may thereby be forcibly brought
before the mind.
These likenesses and differences have been set before us by a
shrewd and competent observer of many years' experience, the sources
tapped being ;—
1. The characteristics of the animals bearing the names of, or associated
with, the two signs; namely the Ram on the one hand, and the Scorpion and
the Serpent on the other.
2. The parts of the body respectively ruled by the two signs.
3. The signs themselves considered in their numerical relationship to
the other signs ; i.e., their " house position " in regard to the Circle of the
.Zodiac as a whole.
These observations run as follow ;
The ram, in its wild, and even in its domestic state, is pugnacious.
It fights with its head, the skull being of exceptional thickness,
Nature having indeed made this its most powerful part, arming it
with strong horns which are curled or twisted in shape. Rams fight
in a martial manner, rushing straight at each other and bringing
their heads together with great force. The ram is extremely agile,
and on this account has been known to defeat a bull.
It is a hardy animal, able to endure extreme cold, there being
cases on record of its having been buried under snow for weeks and

" Note.—The first article of Ibis series. " On the Meaning of Temperament."
appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154. and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 307

coming out alive. Its nature is distinctly gregarious. It goes first or

leads the flock.
The wool is, in many breeds, short and curled, and in some
twisted in spiral curls.
Aries being related to the Head of the Grand Man of the Heavens,
governs the head in the human body.
Considered as the first sign of the zodiac, Aries rules beginnings
or births and therefore, by analogy, that which is new. In the day
the dawn, in the year the spring, and in the life childhood. In any
horoscope the sign occupying the first house at birth is that which
indicates the nature of the present life.
Regarding this sign as ruling the head in the body, we notice
that in the human embryo the head is developed first, and that the
child enters on physical life head first. Another point worthy of
notice is that " head" and "first" are synonymous expressions for
the place of honour.
All the points emphasised in the foregoing suggest the peculiarities
of Aries, and point out the characteristics that are the marked
attributes of its native.
As naturally as day follows night comes then the disclosure that
he is a born fighter, loving to lead, absolutely fearless, and erring in
the manifestation of his courage by over-aggressiveness, rashness, and
impulse. That he has in him the making of the ideal pioneer, a genius
for invention, and a never-failing fund of enterprise is also a matter of
course. We are not surprised when we discover that he is interested in
beginnings, is present at the birth of new undertakings, courts publicity,
and is ever on the side of reform—or rather, perhaps, progress,
advancement:
Regarding him physically, we note with interest the shape of his
brow and his tightly curling hair ; and from his combined mental and
physical make up we decide that as the leader of, say, a Polar expedi-
tion he would find ample scope for the perfect expression of his
manifold qualities.
He is the product of the one sign that confers perennial youth,
for in the breast of this child of the dawn " hope springs eternal."
He cannot on the one hand be hampered by that which for him has
no existence—the Past—nor on the other, engrossed as he always is
in the thing of the moment, can the temptation to airy castle-building
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
assail him. Hence we find him acting ever " in the living Present."
When Shelley, in addressing the skylark, wrote:
"We look before and after
And pine for what is not" :
he did not include, we may be sure, the Aries portion of the human
family 1
We who are students of Astrology and who therefore owe much
to Saturn, are sometimes in danger, I think, of forgetting the magni-
tude of our debt to these valiant revealers of Mars. I, for one, pay
willing and grateful tribute to the charm of those with whom the day
is ever at the morn, and God is always in his heaven.
If we now compare the Scorpion and Serpent, representative of
the eighth sign, with the Ram, we notice that like it both these
creatures are well able to defend themselves and are therefore martial
in character. When, however, we have remarked that the body of the
serpent is muscularly strong, and that its terrible weapons of offence
and defence are in the ktad, the comparison is at an end.
For in this sign Scorpio, which is in one sense dual sign of
the zodiac, that which is ever to the fore is not only contrast, but the
contrast of extremes. The head contains the poison-fangs of the
serpent but the tail the sting of the scorpion. The tail of a serpent is
especially strong, and often prehensile ; while attached to the head of
the scorpion are the pincers with which it seizes its prey. The
serpent either eats enormously or fasts lengthily ; and is allied by its
breathing capacity to the birds and the mammals, but by its cold
blood to the fish.
Leaving these representative creatures of the sign we find in the
lowly caterpillar—which like the serpent has the whole of its body
ever in close contact with the earth—the power of developing into the
exquisite butterfly.
No greater contrast again could be imagined than that presented
by the serpent and the eagle, both of which creatures are associated
with this sign Scorpio. On the one hand, a creature condemned to go
ever on its belly and by nature having affinity with the earthy and
watery elements ; and on the other, one that cleaves the air and gazes
unblinkingly at the sun !
Coming next to the human body, we notice that under the
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 309

dominion of this sign are those parts engaged in carrying off the waste,
the retention of which would cause death ; and also, those which have
to do with the production of fresh life. To wit; the excretory, and
the generative organs.
Regarding the sign as the eighth, 1 find nothing suggestive in
the number itself, although our figure eight, composed as it is of two
circles, one smaller than the other, both symbolises the duality of Iht
sign, and also hints at its reproductive power.
As much in the eighth as in the first sign is the idea of the
head, and consequently birth, insisted on ; but only as contrasted with
the tail, and therefore death.
Born under the sign Scorpio we find, then, not only extreme types,
but individuals who exhibit during their lives contradictory peculiari-
ties. It is a matter of common knowledge that the Scorpio person
looks old when young, and young when old; that he is at one time
a voluptuary, at another an ascetic; that he who has at one time
led a life of riotous pleasure will, at another, found a monastic order.
Indeed, to this sign, " all things are possible "; for its native, though
not yet man, has in him the possibilities of both God and Devil.
Ever with him, having taken a certain course, is the knowledge that
he could as easily have chosen its opposite.
To the Scorpio individual right and wrong are never dove-tailed
into one another. To him they stand ever as opposing forces, simply
because he is here to choose, deliberately and definitely, one or the
other. The one factor then to be considered by him is the self, for,
from his point of view, everything depends upon it.
This fact is the foundation upon which rests the whole of the
scorpionic edifice. It is also the basic cause of the pride of the
Scorpion, and gives to him his passion for personal freedom, and his
utter intolerance of any form of coercion. Without these qualities,
his existence, as a Scorpion, would be farcical; for his ability to
dispense with them occurs only when the sign is transcended.
Whereas in the Aries individual the quality of independence
seems to exhaust itself in the originality of his ideas, in the Scorpionic
it is the one attribute to which all others make obeisance. The only
way to help a Scorpion is by endeavouring to hinder him. Place a
serpent on a smooth surface such as glass, and it is quite unable to
move, and even on a tiled or wooden floor can advance but slowly
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
and awkwardly. Make for it a rough path, and its progress becomes
both easy and rapid. In this connection it is interesting to notice
that while Aries kicks obstacles aside, Scorpio surmounts them. The
desire of Scorpio is to prove to itself its strength; hence the suggesting
by those old Red Indians to their Jesuit tormenters of fresh modes of
torture was truly scorpionic. Aries would be no more anxious of
obtaining proof in this direction than in any other.
The two great virtues of the ideal set by Mars are, admittedly,
courage and strength ; and though no one would deny that Aries and
Scorpio each produce those who manifest both those qualities, yet on
the whole there seems to be a more complete identification of the
first-named characteristic with Aries, and of the second with Scorpio.
In such a charge as that of the " Light Brigade" Aries would score;
while Scorpio's opportunity would be given in an introduction to the
rack and thumbscrew of the Inquisitorial Chamber.
Scorpio may be termed the mulittm in parvo sign. For in the
grain of wheat, its native sees the full corn in the ear; beholds the
oak in the acom ; and in the embryo, the perfect man. Therefore,
dear to the soul of every Scorpion is a symbol; and quite easy to
understand is his love of allegory.
In literature the handiwork of the native of this sign can easily
be discovered. Your scorpionic writer* excels in the presentation of
vivid contrasts, is terse in style, and delights in epigram. He dis-
plays also in a marked degree the separative quality of Mars, for if
you take indiscriminately any passage from his writings it will be
found to possess a life of its own that is quite independent of all that
precedes or follows.f
The following quotation, from the works of one in whom the
spirit of the eighth sign throve mightily, and the subject of which is
distinctly scorpionic, may be looked upon as fairly descriptive of the
sign itself:

* The writer is herself born under Scorpio.—Ed,

f Note.—He is also, be it remarked, as discontinuous; for, though not quite so
inconsequential as Aries, whose chief aim seems to be the new or the sublime, be
is yet as disconnected; so that the conclusion that he chooses, though always
stimulating and forceful, is by no means invariably that which seems the inevitable
and necessary outcome of the situation he has chosen to develop. This discon-
certing peculiarity may be seen in the works of John Oliver Hobbes and Olive
Scbreiner: while the former characteristic spoken of is especially to be noted in
the works of Oliver Wendell Holmes, (Note the Oliver, a m name.)—Trans. Sec.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 3II
The time is racked with birth-pangs; every hour
Brings forth some gasping truth, and truth new-born
Looks a misshapen and untimely growth,
The terror of the household and its shame,
A monster coiling in its nurse's lap
That some would strangle, some would starve;
But still it breathes, and passed from baud to band,
And suckled at a hundred half-clad breasts
Comes slowly to its stature and its form,
Calms the rough ridges of its dragon scales,
Changes to shining locks its snaky hair,
And moves transfigured into Angel guise,
Welcomed by all that cursed its hour of birth,
And folded in the same encircling arms
That cast it like a serpent from their hold 1*

It will not be denied that this is a masterly summing up of the

most salient features of the signs we have been considering in the
two previous papers,—their likenesses, and their differences. And
this in spite of the somewhat obvious predilection for Scorpio dis-
played, a predilection that will be shared by many thinkers and
observers,—probably because we more frequently see the Scorpio
ideal well carried out in actual life than the Aries ideal, inasmuch as
the latter is, at its loftiest, wellnigh impossible of attainment.
But a criticism that may with some justness be levelled against
some of the attributes of Scorpio brought forward and extolled by
the writer quoted, is that these qualities suggest characteristics of
Uranus rather than of Mars. Certainly Uranus has great sympathy
with Scorpio, as has already been pointed out (p. 278), andit may even
be that it (Uranus) represents to us, on the plane of the Individuality,
what Mars represents on the plane of the Personality. If so, then it
is the same inherent attribute of the One Creative Force that we are
discussing, since the Individuality and the Personality are merely
different " shelves," as it were, of the one Ego, Monad, or Man.
And consequently the inclusion of such attributes is quite fitting and
appropriate in a consideration of what we have called the Martial
Temperament.
Thus it will be seen that in the previous paragraph there is no
actual rejection implied of the characteristics alluded to, as forming
part of the'martial character. And at this point a slight digression

° From the collected poems of Oliver Wendell Holmes.

312 MODERN ASTROLOGY

which may for the moment seem unnecessary perhaps, may never-
theless in the end serve usefully to clear the ground in front of us in
future discussions on the remaining Planetary Temperaments.
The number of planets sacred to astrological uses has ever been
the divine number seven. H. P. Blavatsky says in the Secret Doctrine
(Vol. I,, Third Edition, p. 629): " only seven of our planets are
as intimately related to our Globe, as the Sun is to all the bodies subject to him
in his System." Elsewhere she says there may be nine or ninety-nine
planets in the Solar System, but that there are only seven Sacred
Planets (II. 637, footnote).
From this it will be clear to us that the sevenfold manner in
which the Divine Life manifests itself is associated variously with the
Seven "Sacred" Planets,—whatever these planets may really be,
whether those known to us by the familiar names Saturn, Jupiter,
Mars, Sun, Venus, Mercury, Moon, or others which we have never
seen, heard of, or guessed about. Of these seven names, we are
plainly told that the Sun and Moon are but substitutes for secret
planets known only in the Esoteric system. If, then, the Sun and
Moon are but " substitutes," and yet work so efficiently as they do in
our everyday practical experience of Astrology—a. fact, which cannot
be gainsaid, nor controverted by any authority—may not the other
planets likewise be " substitutes " ? This is no necessary conclusion, it
is true, yet it does not seem impossible. However it may be, nothing
can dispose of the cardinal fact that the planets we know by the
names of Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus, and Mercury, do manifest the
attributes traditionally associated with them.
This is not intended as introductory of the controversial spirit in
any sense, and this little excursion has only been made with the
object of throwing into prominence the fact that, should subsequent
investigation prove that Uranus (as has been suggested above) is the
ruler of Scorpio, yet nevertheless the codification of Uranian charac-
teristics along with those of Mars is by no means necessarily out of
place. Since it is quite conceivable that the qualities we term martial
—or rather, the real and primary modification of the life element
which determines them—may function through Mars on the physical
plane, through Uranus on (say) the Astral Plane, and through some
planet yet unknown upon the Mental Plane. This is merely thrown
out as a suggestion, a suggestion which is clearly applicable in a
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 313

precisely similar way in regard to the Venusian Temperament, which

we are next to consider : and it is not necessary for it to be accepted
in its literal form for its value as a suggestion to be appreciated.
A simple illustration from the pianoforte may make this point
clearer. The note C is C all over the piano, and the note G is never
to be confounded with it at any part of the compass of the instrument.
Yet it would be absurd to maintain that whenever the sound C is
heard it must proceed from the particular C string in the middle of
the keyboard. And equally absurd would it be to deny that there
was a " C-ness " in the tone heard because it was found to proceed
from that identical string.
In this connection it will be fitting to quote the words of a writer
who says :
To my mind Mars represents the creative energy, the force
which compels the Ego to evolve, which causes all things to be
differentiated, and which acts upon the Human Ego causing separate-
ness. Aries, the positive side of Mars, is the initial stage in this
separative process ; while Scorpio, the negative, shows the completely
separated and differentiated centre. Hitherto the martial force has
been acting externally, now it becomes indrawn and Evolution is
followed by Involution. We may see in Scorpio an immense reservoir
of energy ready for use in the later stages of human progress. From
Scorpio onward to Aquarius the difficulties to be overcome are far
greater than in the earlier stages, so this mighty force manifests itself
as the lightning flash of Uranus rending and destroying the adaman-
tine walls which imprison the Human Soul within. This is hinted at
in Akkadian and Babylonian writings, where Scorpio is associated
with Zu the storm bird and Gir the lightning, both belonging primarily
to Rammanu of Aquarius. Thus Mars becomes supplanted by
Uranus to overcome Trishna and burst the bonds which bind the Soul
to the Wheel.

To return, after this little digression, to our subject. The

essential keynote, as it were, of the martial temperament may be
termed Self-centralisation. This is not meant in any invidious sense,
for the realisation of self, whether as the persona! self or as the indi-
vidual self, is a very necessary, indeed indispensable stage in the
evolution of the Human Consciousness. And who shall say that in that
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

long and tireless pilgrimage one day's journey is less or more important
than another ? It is only perhaps that it seems so.
Indeed, this manifestation of the self, the divine principle, mani-
festing at a definite point, a centre, is the first duty of the evolving
soul, and until this centre has been definitely and permanently
established it is useless (for all practical purposes] to talk of an Ego,
or even of a Human Being.
It has been said that the martial temperament is self-centred—or
rather, this is implied in the statement that its keynote is self-
centralisation. And on consideration of the characteristics of Aries
and Scorpio this will be seen to be true, especially by those who have
had to live with people strongly manifesting either of these two signs.
The Aries person is completely self-centred as regards his activities ;
the Scorpio person is equally self-centred as regards his passions—in
short, in each case the sense of self-hood or self-centricity, to use a better
term, is paramount.
This is no less true of the " good " than of the " bad " martial
person, and it does not necessarily imply that either is merely personal
or even ' selfish' in the ordinary sense of the word. But the universe
of the Mars person revolves about himself, either because he is incapable
of conceiving any other centre than himself, or,—and this is perhaps
more often to be noticed,—because he conceives that he has identified
himself with that which is the centre of the Universe.
When we reflect that Aries is the sign of activity and Scorpio
of the sex principle, which may severally be epitomised as ambition
and lust, the two prime incentives to human evolution (at any rate at
its present stage), the reason for the last statement in the preceding
paragraph will be apparent.
In an astrological " Fairy Tale " which appeared some time ago,
the twelve signs were briefly described, and to each was given a special
saying as characteristic of its natives. According to the author the pet
expression of Aries is " I am," which enters into nearly all their
remarks. " I am glad to see you," " I am so busy," " I am so tired,"
and so forth. The pet expression of Scorpios, according to the
same writer, is given as " I shan't," the obviousness of which is
apparent to all who have had dealings with them.
It has been said that Mars is the planet of courage and strength.
This is true beyond question as regards the meanings most commonly
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 3x5

attached to those words. But strength is primarily an attribute of

Divinity, and hence must be common to all planets and their mani-
festations. There is the strength of Saturn, for instance, to endure
and to plod: of Venus, to love and to give itself, in spite of non-
appreciation : of Mercury, to enquire, even of the Deity himself.
And each of these has the courage to do that which its nature prompts.
—Give a Mars man a baby to hold, and he is afraid of it! Yet the
feeblest and timidest woman who is a woman, will tackle the most
obstreperous infant with alacrity.
How then can we properly associate courage per st with Mars
alone ? Courage only exists with the intuitive knowledge of the power
of accomplishment. This resides in the woman's nature, in the illustra-
tion given, as an instinct. And in the same way there lives in the
soul of the martial individual the intuitive knowledge of the power of
accomplishing his purpose, namely, self-realisation, either personal
or individual: or in other words, the duty of evolving a definite self-
conscious centre, as regards either the physical world (Aries) or the
astral world (Scorpio). This is the basis of the courage and the
strength of Mars, courage and strength indubitable, but applying only
so far as the especial purpose in view is concerned. For instance, Aries
has almost invariably physical courage and enterprise. Yet we see
it in many instances resort to any subterfuge rather than submit to
what Scorpio would cheerfully undergo and even delight in.
There remains one more point to consider before proceeding to
summarise the conclusions arrived at. It has been several times in-
sisted on that Aries is the commencement of the circle, and hence
that Aries represents a new birth, a««o unfoldmentof the life-principle,
a new manifestation totally disconnected with any previous one. But
it must be remembered that, properly speaking, a circle can have
either no commencement or else an infinite number. Hence Aries
must be a new commencement merely upon our plane of existence,
and it seems reasonable to conceive that Scorpio is equally a new
manifestation totally dissevered from all previous manifestations of
the same class. An illustration of what is meant may be taken from
any life-history; whilst officially speaking existence undoubtedly
dates from the moment of birth, a new and entirely distinct existence
dates from the moment when the first glow of passion is felt: it is
not a continuation or a phase of the old, it is the beginning of a new,
3i6 MODERN ASTROLOGY

life cycle. And these two periods of life are, we know, related to
Aries and Scorpio respectively.

Now to summarise. Our actual conclusions are comparatively

few. First, that the martial temperament is essentially one of
ardour; either for physical action and worldly ambition, on the one
hand, or for sensation and passion or spiritual advancement, on the
other. The aim sought, consciously or unconsciously, being in both
cases the same; namely, the development of persoml or individual
prowess.* This ardour is innate and essential, and is not limited
necessarily to the pursuance of personal aims and ambitions ; but if
not, then these personal aims—or rather perhaps the personal or
individual centricity—will amalgamate with the work taken up, and
not only will it become a life-work, into which all the energies of the
nature are poured, but the martial individual must become its centre
or rather its head, the chief moving spirit. Otherwise,—should
circumstances so ordain,—his interest flags.
This notion of leadership, however, works quite differently in
Aries and Scorpio; the former must be the ostensible head and
director, while the latter is quite content to remain the unknown but
real controller. We see this in actual life, indeed, when a man's
ambitions appear to be his chief incentives towards effort, whereas if
the life were more closely studied we might find that the passions
exercised the real control.
Perhaps the true nature of Mars may be best summed up in the
words kinetic energy.
In Aries the field in which the energy is active is enormous, and
its immediate effect, therefore, on any given object may be small. It
may be likened to a coal furnace, or a forest fire.
In Scorpio, on the other hand, this energy is concentrated, its
field is limited, and its rays are focussed. It may be likened to the
oxyhydrogen blowpipe. It is unsuitable for such smelting operations
as form the sphere of usefulness of the other, but the most refractory
metals, even gold and platinum, are readily melted by its aid. It is
employed for delicate work.f

' Note that this word is cognate with " prow." the head of the vessel.
f To continue the simile, the influence of Uranus in this connection might
be likened to the electric furnace, applicable for either purpose.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 317

The martial temperament is generous,—or rather lavish, (for it

has little sense of proportion)—freedom-loving, vehement, ardent and
victorious. To it, the world is a battlefield in which the victory is to
the strong and the rewards are kingdoms. No trifling and no
truckling. Those are its mottoes.
It may he considered, perhaps, from some points of view, that the
day of the martial temperament is, or should be, almost over, and
that the day of the Venusian temperament should approach. In a
sense, this is true; the old coarse fighting for personal supremacy
and scheming for individual power, should indeed now be but a
memory. But this only means that the Martial Temperament should
gird its loins against a subtler foe, and essay a sterner fight. For not
until the Human Soul Divine is capable of standing alone in all the
universe, forsaken by all, despised by many and neglected it would
seem by God himself,—not even until the bitter cry " Eloi, Eloi, lama
sabachthani " has gone forth, itself to be absorbed in the all-embracing
silence,—not until then shall the Divine Man say " It is finished,"
and the Martial Temperament be for ever transcended.

The words " for ever " in the last sentence remind us that it has
been said that there is a Star, one of seven, which remains the
guiding star of each monad throughout the whole course of its evolu-
tion—throughout the Manvantara, in short. It is no doubt the Star
of Initiation of which we have so often heard. This suggests that
there may be a Martial Temperament which is absolutely fundamental
and which may underlie, through all lives, the most Saturnian
horoscope.
It also suggests that, just as there are the seven planetary
temperaments to be acquired through their twelve zodiacal modifica-
tions through life after life by each soul, so also there may be a
further field of evolution for each soul after " perfection " has been
gained here, in which it will evolve the other characteristics that are
the peculiar glory of each of the remaining six comprising the Seven
Great Spirits around the Throne.
[T/ie next article of this Series will be " Tie Sign Taurus."}
 318

llehis from iSotuhere

It is rather amusing to the astrologer, as he sits placidly regarding

mankind, by whom he is commonly regarded as a "crank "and a "visionary,"
to see the extraordinary enthusiasm that Is evoked, in these our days, for
schemes which strike him as mere fads. A correspondent has just sent me
two press-cuttings dated April 20th, 1909, one reporting an enthusiastic
meeting to support the Daylight Saving Bill, and the other recounting the pro-
posal of an American astronomer, Mr. W. H. Pickering, to send heliographic
signals to Mars. The former scheme, stated plainly, appears to be a device
to make people get up and go to business earlier than they think they are
doing, because if they were not cajoled into doing it in this fashion they are
too silly to be persuaded into doing it either of their own free will and accord,
or by mutual arrangement. That is what it comes to. If this Bill becomes
law, "8 o'clock " will really be 7 o'clock in the summer months, i.e., it will be
five hours instead of four hours before true noon.
Sir Robert Ball made an enthusiastic speech in favour of the Bill,
instancing as an argument in its favour the fact that the introduction of
Standard Time had caused no inconvenience in those places where it differs
considerably from true Local Time. The two cases hardly strike me as
parallel. Standard Time was introduced to bring order into chronometry :
the new Bill seems calculated to bring disorder. Surely a "legal fiction"
of this kind can hardly tend in the long run to promote the welfare of
mankind ? It reminds me of the schoolboys' trick of saying " over the left"
when telling a lie. If people are really so well assured of the advantage of
beginning business earlier, and ending it earlier, in the glorious summer
months (the sound sense of which none will deny), surely it is as easy to
alter the hours of business as the hands of the clock,—and more /tones/.
After this, at least, let no one call the astrologer a " crank " !

The other scheme, that of heliographing signals to Mars, will require an

outlay, it is computed, of £2,000,000. In the present state of financial
depression, would it not be a graceful act, as well as a prudent one, to invite
the inhabitants of Mars to subscribe the first million ?

Meantime, no one lias proposed a Royal Commission to enquire into

the truth or otherwise of Astrology. That, however, is a good thing perhaps;
for it would only be a further waste of money. Royal Commissions are
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE
instituted, it would seem, to satisfy (or lull) the public conscience, rather
than to ascertain the truth. I invite anyone who doubts this, to read the
Proceedings of the Royal Commission on Vivisection.
❖ ^ sse
The Daily Telegraph of April yth, igog, announced the practical abolition
of Euclid in the secondary schools. I wonder bow many will appreciate the
inner significance of this step ? The motive that prompts it everyone will
approve, of course. And yet ! No, this is not a sentimental regret for
the passing of an old friend; it is a sigh over the spirit of the times, the
innate commercialism of which has decreed that " practical geometry " is
superior to Euclid.
So it is, perhaps, as Euclid has been taught and interpreted. That's
the pity of it. But does no one see that the problems of Euclid are a
remnant of esoteric lore ? Or is it a fancy of mine ? Am I alone in thinking
the twelve books of Euclid to be—whether he knew it or not, for he was but a
compiler, some say—founded upon occult knowledge, and based upon
universal harmony ? Is it my fancy only, that the three postulates corre-
spond to the Cardinal, Mutable and Fixed signs respectively, and the Twelve
Axioms to the Twelve Signs? Or is it chance? The twelfth axiom is
anomalous and unsatisfactory; so is the 12th sign. The eleventh axiom
says that all right angles are equal. Does not the nth sign assert that all
men are equal, and have equal rights; is not Aquarius at once the In-
dividualist and the Socialist of the Zodiac ? . . . [Further illustrations
omitted.—En.]
Are these empty coincidences, or are there really to be found in Euclid
metaphysical problems of high importance to the soul ? Will some one, I
wonder, expound to us the inner meaning of " Proposition I.," which instructs
us how to describe an equilateral triangle upon a given straight line ?
Perhaps this might in the long run prove more profitable to mankind than
signalling to Mars!—but no one, I fear, will start a ^2,000,000 fund for
signalling to Mercury /
And so, in place of Euclid we are now to have "practical geometry,"
the problems without the theorems, the crust without the fruit. Prunes,
prunella, prisms 1
jjc f: *
These are reflections upon the inner aspect of the matter, and have
nothing to do with the fact that the immediate issue is a great gain. The
official circular (quoted in the Telegraph's "leader") shows clearly the
handiwork of Uranus. Witness the following:
" The author of the circular flashes in a manner that makes us suspect in him
an invaluable gift of humour. He says revolutionary things in short sentences.
Why spend precious time, he suggests, in futile efforts to demonstrate the obvious?
It was once said that the function of German philosophy was toprovethat anything
320 MODERN ASTROLOGY
which had seemed perfectly plaia was in reality unutterably obscure. Eocuo has
been so used as to destroy the very faculty it was meant to encourage, by
making the wretched child tire out the reasoning faculty in efforts to discover in
self-evident conceptions some idea that did not exist. ' Straight,' says the white
paper wisely, ' needs no explanation, and all attempts at definition are waste of
time." This is a daring remark, but why have we had to wait generations before
realising that telling a scholar about the shortest distance between two points leaves
him precisely where he was before? "
The "leader" closes with a useful little sermon, some points in which
I have ventured to italicise.
"The moral of the question is greater than the immediate application. The
new circular represents a continuous policy. In dealing with children there is one
simple rule which is often ignored, but should never for one moment be forgotten.
Proceed from the known to the unknown. Make the utmost use of all conceptions
of the concrete already existing in a young mind. Remember that the five senses are the
avenues of intelligence, and postpone any attempt to make the young mind grapple
with abstractions in a way that wearies out the faculties and leaves only a dreary
sense of empty-mindedness behind. To rouse self-activity is as indispensable as be/ore.
No person's thinking can be done for him or her. Perseverance and earnestness are as
priceless to the scholars for whom the paths are smoothed as were the same
Dualities to their parents compelled to ascend in knowledge by more rugged ways,
n a word, there is no substitute for character, and that is never developed or
strengthened by a merely easy discipline. But, on the whole, the modern child is
fortunate, and to be the heir of all the ages is a greater practical advantage in life
than ever before."
* * *
The following two horoscopes may be worth studying:
No. i is that of the man arrested in Spain on account of the " D. S.
Windell" fraud,—an account of which is appended. It is authentic, the
particulars—"noon, 25/2/,86, Zutphen, Holland"—having been contributed
by the native himself.
No. 2 is the 'estimated' horoscope of Miss Violet "Gordon" Charles-
worth. The date was obtained from the birth certificate, but the birth hour
is unknown; the map given, however, accords well with the noteworthy
periods of her life as related at the time of her " disappearance."
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
No. i. h 3.19 T7 a 25 08.1 as 23 AH
No.i. 11127 716 103 1023 K2I 82
Planets
One? s v h y v a
No. 1. X 6.4974.8x7.32st26.8E"5i9.2oEi!=4.iI5.®i.28E"4i 6.52E a 22.5711(16.58
No. 2. V323 713 =7^ =21 JI19E ilol}. 114^ ih28 a 18 &28
The first case is still sub jtidicc, so that comment would be out of place.
The following cutting gives the story of the fraud :
The story of the 'D. S. Windell' coup is one of the most amazing in the
history of I.ondon banking.
Eight managers of South London branches of the London and South Western
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 321
Bank were victimised in rapid succession by a swindler who drove round in a taxicab.
The branches at Vauxhall, Clapham, Streatham, Tulse Hill, Duhvich. Forest
Hill. Balham, and Catford were visited by a young man in a top hat and (rock-coat,
with pince-nez, carrying a brown bag and a silver-topped umbrella.
Each bank by the first post had received an official letter giving the secret
code-letter of the bank with a transfer note authorising Mr. Davitt S. Windell, of
Harlesden, to draw on a transferred account.
A taxicab drew up at each bank, and the smart young man interviewed the
manager of each branch in turn.
He wrote his signature ' D. S. Windell,' and drew a cheque to 'Self for
£290 at each branch, which he took in small bank-notes and gold,
At each branch he shook hands with the manager and said ' Good-day'
politely, after having carefully placed the money in his little bag.
In the course of the morning he took 400 notes for £$ or /to, and then
returned to the head office of the f-ondon and South-Western Bank in Fenchurch
Street, where he dismissed the cab and disappeared. Daily Express, zz^/'og.
Since the above was written the young man has confessed his guilt, his
explanation of the motive for the deed exceeding in cleverness the deed
itself in my opinion. It was the " daring " of the thing that appealed to
him, he said. He is stated to have a knowledge of seven European languages
—and also, it would seem, of the British Temperament 1
The details of Miss Charlesworth's strange disappearance, detection,
and bankruptcy will hardly yet have faded from the public mind. She was
supposed to have been thrown over a cliff into the sea as the result of a
motor car accident, and it was never satisfactorily determined whether the
accident was pre-arranged, or the flight the result of a sudden " happy
inspiration " following on a slight but real accident. Speculation and an
insanely extravagant style of living had involved the young lady in heavy
embarrassment—her liabilities totalled nearly £30,000. She appeared to
have made several successful stock exchange speculations, though no one
understood where'she had acquired her financial acumen. She seems to have
been a great favourite with those who knew her, and had traded for sometime
upon certain fabulous "expectations " which were to be realised on her 25th
birthday, the 13th of January, 1909. Whatever the real facts, and whatever
one's judgment of the moral questions involved, no one can deny that such
a career as hers surpasses in romance the efforts of any novelist. It is
difficult to imagine contrasts more violent than her experiences within three
short weeks—an admired belle and leader of society—a fugitive, travelling
and seeking to escape recognition—a would-be entertainer, hissed
off the stage of a music-hall. Poor woman ! She has merited condemnation,
but may we uot spare her a little sympathy ?
The horoscope here given is based on appearance, abilities, and events.
The square of Mars and Neptune may account for the obliquity of the moral
sense, and the opposition of Venus and the conjunction of the Moon with
J upiter in Leo, for the extravagance and love of doing things in a big way.
A great love ol clogs, aud a passion for motoring, were among her tastes,
F. Z. L.
 32-2

Ifcxiititaiions 0f ^Bljusical Astrology

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city lieih foursquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gales, and on the West three gates. A nd the wall
of the city had twelve foundations. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
. . . And he measured the wall thereof . . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . . like antoctear glass. . . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal,—Rev. xxi. 13-18.

Part IX.—Method of Calculating the Planetary Forces,

with an Example

(161) Having now obtained our Fundamental Equation and

tested its accuracy with satisfactory results, let us consider its form as
expressed in (767)
,_cr*yn,*
* s
Since jtr, is the mean value of the etheric density for each of the
heavenly bodies it is the same as that given in the tables of §(86) where
it is represented by jtr. We may therefore dispense with the affix and
replace . etc., by the ft of these tables; so that (767)
becomes

d .(181)
/ = c Xs ft'» xv —
In the above the value of c is given in (766), ft by the tables §(86)
and the radius of each body r is known, so that c r' fti can he ascer-
tained once for all for each body ; and it is therefore a constant factor
for each body. On the other hand V and d change from day to day,
and therefore need to be calculated for any particular occasion that is
being investigated.
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 323

Let us now see how this calculation can best be made.

On referring to §(148) it will be noted that V is not the total
velocity of the body but only that component at right angles to the
line AC (Fig- 4/'-—)• In geocentric Astrology C is always the earth,
and the velocity V is therefore the velocity of the body relative to the
earth across the line of sight. It is in fact that composed of the total
velocity Va that produces a motion in longitude or latitude; this
motion is therefore one of the factors which measure it, and it can
always be ascertained from an Ephemeris or the Nautical Almanack.
Hence it will be convenient to express V in terms of the angular motion
on the ecliptic.
(162) When a planet whose mean distance from the earth is d
has moved across the heavens through an arc of 57,29578 degrees, it
has moved across the line of sight through a distance equal to the
mean distance d. This angle is called the unit angle in mathematics,
being the angle at which the arc is just equal to the radius. Instead
of degrees it will be more convenient to express it in seconds of arc.
We will therefore represent this angle in seconds by
s = 206264-8 ucoxds of arc (182) 5-3144251
When, therefore, a body moves in longitude through an angle of i
seconds, it has moved relatively to the earth through a distance across
the line of sight equal to the body's mean distance from the earth
during the time this motion lias been made. If, therefore, it moves
through a smaller angle of a seconds of arc, the distance moved
through, will bear the same ratio to the distance d that the angle a
does to the angle s; hence we have
1' = ^ or <?, = — (182)
d 5 s
If now the time taken by the body in moving through the distance d,
be t seconds its velocity across the line of sight will be
f= (183)

And from (J82) this becomes

F =-1^ (184)

Dividing both sides of (784) by the distance d we have

324 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The V and in the above are the same as in equation (7S7); hence
we may write this equation
t~ ■* ^ [186)

which may be also put in the form

f = cjlA x a [187)
st
(163) If in the above a stands for the distance in seconds of arc
moved through by the body in one day then t is the number of seconds
in 24 hours or
t = 24 x 60 x 60 = 86400 [1S8) 4 936 5137
and {187) becomes
/= x a (789)
86400 x s
All the items composing the group of factors on the right of the
equation are constant for each body, and only a is variable, but can
be at once ascertained from the Nautical Almanack or an Ephemeris.
Let
= ygy
v
86400 x s '
then {189) becomes
/= Aa [191)
Here D, is a CONSTANT VALUE for each planet and can be
CALCULATED ONCE FOR ALL.
The value of « in longitude can be obtained by subtracting the
longitude of the body on any day from its longitude on the succeeding
day,—and similarly for latitude,—hence a is easily ascertained; (it
must however be measured in seconds of arc, not in degrees or minutes).
Thus our equation for the magnetic force of any heavenly body on the
earth / has in {191) a very simple form, only requiring a simple
multiplication after the two factors Di and a are given.
(164) The influence of the heavenly bodies upon the earth does
not however depend so much upon the absolute value of the magnetic
force/, as upon the rate at which this force changes. For instance, if
at any time the value of the magnetic force of one of the heavenly
bodies upon the earth be fx and after t seconds it changes into /s then
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 325
an electromotive force will be produced across a diameter of the earth
which in absolute units will be
4
Ei = ^ <A "—/a) (f92)

The sign means the difference between the two values, that
is if /1 be the greater/, must be subtracted from it; if on the other
hand/, is the greater /, must be subtracted.
If the angular motion of the body in one day when producing the
force/,, be a seconds of arc and 6 seconds when producing the force
f, then from (J9J)
f\ — /, = D, a —_ D, b
J\ ■—= A (<» -— b) (193)
so that {192) becomes

El = iiLA x (a~_ b) (794)

If the time t be one day then t = 86400 seconds and we have

«
In {195) a and b are the daily motions in seconds of arc on two
consecutive days and of course can be easily obtained from the
Nautical Almanack or an Ephemeris. This electromotive force may be
looked upon as distributed along the length of a diameter of the earth
in a particular direction, which we shall show how to determine later.
If y, be the earth's radius in centimetres the diameter is 2ru so that the
" slope " of electrical potential per centimetre will be

■— o* 4 ^1,1
a r, = 86400 x 2 r,
x
f'1 b
) W

and the slope of potential per metre would be

100 Bi = 4 A x 100 . ^
2 r, 86400 x 2 r, ~
The practical enit of electromotive force, the "volt," contains ro*
absolute units, in which E, is measured, so that if E be the electro-
motive force per metre in volts we have

P _ 100 E, 4 jt a x w u _ h\
1
a r, x 10P 86400 x io" x 2 c,
£ = ULRl (<»-w6) (797)
86400 X 10' X 2
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

Let
4
D = (79S)
86400 x 10' x 2 ri
then
E = D [a —_ 4) {199)
The factor D remains constant for each of the heavenly
BODIES SO THAT IT MAY BE CALCULATED ONCE FOR ALL.
(165) To enable us to do this easily we have from (790) and
(798). '
D = 4 ""Pi 4 ,l" x_L?l^
S64OO X lO* X 2 86400 X lO8 X 2 n 86400 X S
4
D t= *" c X r" (200)
(8640o), x 10' x 2 ci x s
Let
4
D, « ^^ (207)
(86400)3 x ro8 x 2 n x sc

then Di is the same for all the planets and

D = Dj f® f*1 (202)
By calculation we obtain
73a = (202) 13-291 792
To calculate the value of D we now only require the radius of the
body y in centimetres, and the etheric density /i which is given in
§(86). We shall give below the radius of all the heavenly bodies so
that the reader may calculate D for himself, though the values of
this will also be given for all the members of our system.
(166) By way of illustration we will calculate the potentials
produced by two bodies, viz. the Sun and Mercury. The following
are the values of D for these.
Value of U
SON 26 647 1 1l2n.. J'425 6403
Mercury 0-041586) ' 2-618 9468
Having obtained D for these bodies, to calculate the voltage per metre
produced by them at any date, we need to And the daily motion of
each on that date and also the daily motion on the succeeding day.
The difference between these two daily motions in seconds of arc, if
multiplied by D, will give the potentials in volts per metre.
In §(100) we found that the average change of angular velocity
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 327
for the Sun was 1% 41?er day, so that on the average the Sun exerts a
potential difference of
1
26 647 x 1-41 = 37-57 volts (205) '574 8594
per metre. On the other hand we found that at a certain period the
daily change for Mercury was 272", hence for Mercury the potential
difference was
0 041 386 x 272 = 11-312 volts (206) ro;3 5157

Part X.—Table of Planetary Values and a test of their Truth

BY REFERENCE TO SCIENTIFIC OBSERVATIONS OF ATMOSPHERIC
Phenomena.

(167) The following table gives the radius, the value of D, the
mean daily motion in seconds of arc, and the mean volts per metre,
exerted by each of the heavenly bodies. It will be noticed that
the values for the Sun and Mercury differ somewhat from the values
in (205) and (205); but these latter values were for a special period
(1907). Those in the tables below are the mean values for all years,
or the average mean value over a very long period.

TABLE OF PLANETARY VALUES

1 2 3 4 5 6
Mean Daily Mean Volts
Name or Loo. D Change per Metre Loo.
Body Loo. r = .D,, »J

MERCURY 8-3815726 2-61895 I 7294 •86296

75"'4
VENUS 8-7918671 1-10383 23 "02 2-923 •46584
EARTH 8 8042062 1 09009
MARS 8 5317421 2-89386 9"-8og 07678 T88522
JUPITER 98424234 43485 6"-34i 17-258 1 23700
SATURN 97689339 •51371 3"'835 12 517 1 09751
URANUS 9-4094017 02113 i""979 2-077 ■31751
NEPTUNE 9-4570610 •10723 1 "-276 1-633 •21302
Total Volts of all the Planets 44 46g8
SUN 10-8433075 1-42564 I"-3043 34 755 1-54101
MOON 8-2407175 2-63717 937"'65 40-664 1-60922
Total Volts of Son and Moon 75-419
Total Volts from Sox. Moox and Planets 119 8888
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

(168) A study of the figures of voltage in column 5 of the above

table brings out some interesting relationships between the heavenly
bodies. It will be seen that on the average the Moon exerts the
greatest electrical influence, after which comes the Sun ; Jupiter's
voltage is one half that of the Sun and Saturn'sabout one-third. The
total voltage of all the planets is about three-fifths of the Sun and
Moon combined ; and this suggests that if all the planets were known
their total voltage might be equal to the sum of the Sun and Moon.
The above table constitutes a complete answer to the
ASTRONOMICAL OBJECTIONS DISCUSSED IN js§ (98 TO IO3) AND FULLY
JUSTIFIES THE CLAIMS THAT THE PLANETS EXERT A RULING POWER
OVER TERRESTRIAL PHENOMENA.
(169) It will be seen from the tables that the Sun's voltage is
roughly 35 volts per metre. When a part of the earth's surface
receives this voltage its electromotive force will be increased 35 volts,
but 12 hours later this part of the surface will have moved away to
the opposite point, and when in this position the voltage from the Sun
will not be additive but subtractive, hence the action of the Sun will
tend to cause a daily variation of voltage at the earth's surface
amounting to about 2x35 = 70 volts per metre.
(170) It will be evident that any attempt to measure the
variation of voltage due to the Sun alone, will be attended with great
difficulties, because the Sun's influence is only about one-third of the
total, and the other two-thirds exerted by the Moon and planets in
continually varying amounts will largely mask that of the Sun.
Nevertheless, experiments are constantly being made to find this
daily variation, which is very marked, and alters from day to day, and
from place to place. An exact result could only be hoped for by
taking the average for many years and in all parts of the world. The
results of the experiments so far made which are available to the
writer are meagre, and many of them are not expressed in volts at all,
but in terms of the mean daily value ; and as this mean value is not
given, these data are useless for our purpose. Some data will, however,
be found in the article " Atmospheric Electricity " in the Eiicy. Britt.
(vol. 25, p. 777) where the daily variation for the whole year is given
for two places, Perpignan in the South of France, North latitude
42*45', and Batavia in Java, South latitude 6e8', so that one represents
the temperate regions, and the other the tropics. The following table
 tHE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 329
gives the result of the daily variation throughout the year at different
heights above the earth's surface, the height being expressed in metres.
Perpignan Batavia
Height in metres 8-4 2 78
Maximum Volts 72-3 125 1496
Minimum Volts 39 0 24 401
Difference in Volts 33 3 101 1095
Diff. -r Height or
Volts per Metre 396 505 140-4
From which it will be seen that the daily variation is extremely
variable, according to the place and conditions under which the
experiments are taken ; we can therefore only expect a very rough
correspondence between these observations and our equations.
Taking the average of the three results obtained thus
396
50'5
'40"4
3)'94'86
64 95 volts per metre
we see that from the available data, the daily variation due to the Sun
throughout the year is about 65 volts per metre, and it was shown in
the previous section that the Sun must produce a daily variation of
about 70 volts per metre. Hence experiments as far as they go quite
confirm the accuracy of our equations.*
[To be continued)

* Those students of Astrology who desire that the science should obtain recog-
nition amongst the other physical sciences could best bring this about by making a
special study of Atmospheric Electricity, for by this means the exact measurement
of planetary forces can be made, and the laws of Astrology demonstrated. The
variation of atmospheric potential has only recently engaged the serious attention
of men of science, hence the difficulty of obtaining sufficient data, but the impor-
tance of the subject is now fully recognised and a scientific journal is at present
specially devoted to the study of it. This journal is named Terrestrial Magnetism
and Atmospheric Electricity. It is published for the Johns Hopkins Press. Baltimore,
by Jennings & Graham, 220. W. Fourth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio, U.S.A., and
can be obtained from William Wesley & Son, 28, Essex Street, Strand, London.
It is conducted by L. A. Bauer of the Carnegie Institution, Washington. In the
December number, 1906 (p. ifjg), is given the daily variation of potential at Tripoli,
Barbary, about the time of the total solar eclipse of August 30th, 1905.
The measurements then taken show a minimum of 3 volts per metre at 6 a.m.,
rising to a maximum of 205 volts at 10 a.m. It reaches a second minimum of gi
voltsat 2 p.m., followed by asecondmaximum of 198 volts at 5 p.m. The daily
range at that time was therefore about 200 volts per metre. This is more than can
be attributed to the Sun alone, but at the time of an eclipse the Sun and Moon are
acting together and (see <; 1G9) twice the sum of the Sun and Moon amounts to 150
volts per metre when at their mean value. They may, however, at this time have
33° MODERN ASTROLOGY

A VALUABLE OPINION

The following is one of the letters received from readers during the
year 1907, in answer to the " Three Propositions " laid before our readers
in the June issue of that year. The opinion expressed is of value, being
that of one thoroughly acquainted with the aims and teachings of those
works which emanate from the Publishing Offices of Modern Astrology.
It is also exceedingly encouraging to ourselves, as showing that our efforts
are appreciated by those for whom we work :
" Dear Sir,
"Re the 'Three Propositions' submitted in the June number
of the Magazine, will you kindly consider an expression of opinion by one
whose name does not appear in your subscription list.
" The fact that I have been a constant reader of your journal for
several years—obtaining it regularly from booksellers—and am tliefortunate
possessor of a complete set of the bound volumes and a copy of each one of
your Manuals and text-books, confers upon me the right to be considered
one of your ' household of faith,' and a warm friend and steadfast supporter
of 'The New Astrology.' As such I feel that it would be a misfortune
really calamitous to our small body of truly enrnest students to have the
Magazine withdrawn from publication, or even remodelled on the lines of
The Astrologer's Magazine—admirable in their way, and eminently helpful
though I find those five volumes to be.
"Modern Astrology as at present conducted occupies a place and
supplies a need in astrologic study whicli nothing extant could fill, and in
my opinion the fact of its continued existence and iucreasing circulation
during the past seventeen years, while a very considerable number of
publications dealing with the purely exoteric side of the science have each
one in its turn ' drawn out its short allotted span of existence' and finally
disappeared, is positive proof that you, together with your able staff of
(shall we not say?) illuminated contributors have a'.sacred duty laid upon you
—that of ministering unto and leading into right avenues of expression and
service this ever-growing hunger for the Inner Truths of the Sublime Science
of the Stars.
" Possibly this end can be best subserved by the adoption of proposition
number one. Personally, I am inclined to believe that, all things considered,
it is more apt to be productive of lasting good than either of the other two,
and in common with your correspondent, Mr. Arthur Thompson, I would
regard it as a privilege to be allowed to contribute to a Sustentation Fund in
case it were fouud necessary to establish one. In conclusion permit me to
express a hope that those Higher Intelligences who have ever guided your
efforts toward our instruction may now in your present quandary lead you
unto making the wisest possible choice.
" Yours for a Purified Astrology,
"Arthur J. Darrah."
" Illahe, Curry County,
" Oregon, U.S.A.
"July rotk, 1907."

been above their mean value and also assisted by some of the planets, hence the
observations do not necessarily contradict the results of our equations.
Astrologers who can afford the time and expense should obtain instruments for
measuring atmospheric potential and make observations on their own account. In
this way they might greatly aid the progress of the science.
 33i

WtUtts to iljc dibitor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (2) that planetary positions, as
well as birth data, should always be given where possible ; and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

The Sign Gemini

Dear Sir,
Nearly a year has passed since I read Miss Pagan's
remarks on the sign Gemini in the June number of Modern
Astrology, 1908. Have just been reading and re-reading page 270
commencing " At the early stages," etc., but particularly page 271,
and ending with the word "give," p. 272.
Considering the sign Gemini alone have not found the statements
on page 271 true. The conclusion of the paragraph on page 272
would be what might be attributed to Scorpio more that to any other
sign, unless Virgo or Capricorn. I am naturally interested in
Gemini people and know several, but none of them would come
under the diagnosis on page 271 and last paragraph of 273.
The phrases " lavish generosity and subsequent meannesses,"
"cold-blooded selfishness," "cruelty," "in love affairs a keen look-
out for their own advantage," etc., sound more like a description of
the sign Scorpio with its vindictiveness and sting, or like its ruler
Mars, than of the airy, humane, intellectual sign Gemini.
My ascendant is Gemini, with Jupiter and Uranus therein, Sun
in Libra, Moon in Leo, Mercury in Virgo. Am willing to take what
is mine and bear it, and want the truth above all things, but most of
the statements on pages referred to would not apply to me at all
(even barring Jupiter in first and Sun in Libra).
In footnote, p. 135, March number Modern Astrology, 1909,
there is a statement which is not in accord with the consensus of
opinion regarding Gemini people, or what I have learned by study
and experience in the past fifteen years. Miss Pagan says she has
332 MODERN ASTROLOGY

"erred more than once confusing the two," i.e., Gemini and Sagit-
tarius. Arn conversant with Sagittarius thoroughly by experience,
and to me there seems little, if any, similarity between the two signs
in question.
Miss Pagan has not sensed the spirit of Gemini clearly. She
may have known some person who has certain aspects, Gemini
ascending, that she has attributed to Gemini. Many of her state-
ments regarding this airy sign are wholly mttrue, and I have been a
close observer for many years.
As to the "cold-blooded selfishness," "cruelty," etc., etc., it
would be well if Gemini natives could have it. They, unfortunately,
are too vacillating, kind-hearted, and easily led, to stand up for them-
selves ; instead they even allow themselves to be robbed and cheated
rather than to " fight back." Libra, Aquarius, and Pisces are
similar. The remainder of the signs do very well in taking care of
themselves with tongue (and possibly muscle in the case of males)
should the need arise.
The man who wrote the very interesting letter, page 89, February
number, 1909, and who has Gemini ascending, Sun in Pisces, is an
example.
He says, " have never excelled, never seemed worth while."
Gemini,—too many irons in the fire, capable in too many ways with
hand and brain, and a love of doing things with small idea of
compensation, or worldly place or position, the latter not seeming of
value.
Again he says, " apparently having the knowledge—so sensitive
to every vibration,—far-seeing and yet so blind where material
interests are concerned." The intuitive, and highly refined airy
signs, and the planet Uranus, certainly do make the earth life hard
to bear, but this man has the Moon in the fiery and not-to-be-run-
over Aries, which certainly ought to prove a " God-send." If this
Gemini and Pisces native could have had some " cold-blooded selfish-
ness" and a " keen look-out for his own advantage " he would have
fared better in the world.
Have carefully read and studied all the delineations of signs by
Miss Pagan. She is certainly a remarkably clever, intellectual, and
brilliant woman.
J. von H. S.

[Everyone is entitled to his or herown opinion, and our correspon-

dent is perhaps more fortunate in her experience of Gemini natives
than she quite realises. She may be interested in the nativities of a
"millionaire," on p. 191 of How to Judge a Nativity, Part II., First
Edition, and of Richard Buckham, p. 122, Vol. IV. (New Series) of
Modern Astrology, also a horoscope on p. 205 of Vol. II. But
surely all signs have their good and bad sides?
The Series now in progress on "The Zodiacal and Planetary
Temperaments," will I think throw much light on the inner nature of
this sign, as of others.—Ed.]
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 333

"The Sex Problem." Moon Lore. "Pet Phrases"

Dear Sir,
(i) Referring to your remarks in the April number, under
the heading of "The Editor's Observatory," and the sub-title of
"The Sex Problem," you say that the internal feminine is clothed in
a masculine body for complementary experience, and the internal
masculine is clothed in a gentle and feminine exterior. May I ask
you to give your readers rather more extensive information on this
point ?
I understand that the Theosophical teaching on the subject is
that as a rule each individual soul incarnates with the same sex
(body) from three to five times consecutively, and then has a body
with the opposite sex given him in his next incarnation. Richard
Ingalese states that we are alternately born male and female, which is
somewhat different.
He further states that when the Sons of God (which I suppose
corresponds with the Theosophical " Monad ") first came to take on
physical bodies, the positive part of each of these subjective minds
was attracted towards the female animal form, while the negative part
of each mind was attracted towards the male animal form.
Under these circumstances there was war within each mind,
terminating in a divorce, whereby each half took a body in conformity
with its desires. He then goes on to say that a perfectly happy
marriage can only take place when a man and woman meet their
respective other halves. When it is otherwise he describes them as
mock marriages.
Referring again to your remarks, you say: " That every in-
dividual until the perfect marriage takes place is male and female in
one, the perfect blending of which reveals the Christ, the Mystic and
the Occultist." What you refer to here, I take it, is the stage at
which the subjective mind (indicated by the Sun) entirely controls the
lower or objective mind (typified by the Moon) and the two, working
in harmony together, become one?
Let us suppose that this point of development has been reached,
what becomes of the Ego's other half, from which it parted at the
commencement of its earthly sojourning, according to Ingalese.
When will this other marriage take place ?
(2) I enclose a rather interesting cutting from 7'/ie Motoy {2^/^/'og)
vt a weather law deduced from observations made over a period of
fifty years.
Moon Lore.—As Mr. Sturmey seems interested in above, he may
perhaps like to hear of the "Casquette de Marshal Bugeaud," which was a
weather law deduced from observations made in Euglaud for fifty years.
The law is this. If the weather on the 5th and 6th days of the lunation is
alike, it will so remain during the whole of that period eleven times out of
twelve. If the weather on 6th resembles that on 4th, it will so remain nine
times out of twelve.
334 MODERN ASTROLOGY
The present Moon was full on the 7th. On the rath, the sth day of the
lunation, it was cold with snow, and the same on the 13th. Hence we have
no reasonable probability of experiencing a material change before the new
Moon on the 21st.—F. R. \f. S.
(3) Re "Pet Phrases" caused by the influence of the different
signs, I have noticed the following as being very characteristic :
"TP " Of course, of course it is."
S ....
n " But don't you think it is—(something else)!"
So " The only thing to do is."
JL "I am sure of it."
iiU " It is not nice." " It is such a pity."

$ " Don't you think you might ? "

K "Oh, I don't mind—yes I will."

W. H. S.

[I believe it is true that the positive and negative principles are

combined in each individual, and are expressed by human beings
irrespective of the sex of their physical bodies,—more or less accord-
ing to their temperament, i.e., their power of " tempering " those
principles.
The idea that I had in my mind when writing in the paragraph re-
ferred to was a purely astrological one, and may be more fully
explained as follows: Mercury is the most dual planet of the seven
astrological planets, and all persons born under that planet, or in whose
nativity it plays a prominent part, have a more or less dual sex-
nature, no matter in what form their sex may be physically expressed ;
and to them sex distinction is not so marked or pronounced as to
make them strongly sexed. It is (to my way of thinking) a decided
step toward a balancing of the senses. Those who are born under
Venus are truly effeminate, and those under Mars masculine. Saturn
and Jupiter also give more or less pronounced types, but Uranus is
the truly sexless planet. When I made my remarks in the April
"Observatory " I had no idea of a book entitled The Intermediate Sex,
by Edward Carpenter, in which ideas that I have held on the sex
question, long since confirmed by astrological study, are as near my
own conclusions as I could hope to see expressed. It is published at
3s. 6d. net by Swan, Sonnenschein & Co., Ltd., High Street, Blooms-
bury. It deals with the Uranian temperament in a manner that is
quite in accord with the revelations of Esoteric Astrology. I would
recommend this book to those who are interested in sex problems.
With regard to the divine marriage. The positive and nega-
tive states in a human being must be balanced before the true unity
of the higher and the lower nature is possible.
The whole sex question is one worthy of dispassionate study
by students of Astrology.—Editor.]
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 335

"Pet Phrases"
I am interested in the " pet phrase" theory. I have Virgo
rising. I find I am perpetually giving instructions in a negative way,
" whatever you do rfoH'i do so and so." Since reading your alterna-
tives it has been a matter of surprise to notice how many times I
say don't.
I have a daughter of 15 whose whole mental attitude seems to
be " I don't want" (that is, to do anything away from her studies).
Her rising sign is Cancer, the Moon being in square to Saturn and
Mars, and almost square to the Sun. I expect the real thought is "/
want " to be left alone !
" Blackheath."

The Transits of Isis

Dear Sir,
The article in March Modern Astrology, " 1909 A
Remarkable Centenary Year," page 130, and the letter from " Isis,"
page 132, led me to calculate the relative position of the planet Isis to
the planets in my horoscope, and in those of two intimate friends. In
each case the transit of Isis over natal planets marked important
changes in the life.
In hopes that you will ask others to give their experience along
this line for comparison, I herewith send what I find in reference to
my own horoscope, as the three transits mark the most important
events in my life.
In the first place, calculating back from 1906, Isis must have
been at my birth (February 12/63) at about 17^49. This was in
aboutexact conjunction with my 5 (1 50); within about one degree
of exact A to my (16 045); a little over one degree of * to my p
(16 ^ 18); about two degrees of □ to my 3 (15^48), and within six
degrees of d with my 0 (23^26). My life has been " successful,"
considering poor health for many years. Everything in the way of
study comes very easy to me.
In 1869 when Isis transited my natal 0 (23^726) my home in a
quiet village was burned, and my father moved to the centre of
bustling New York, thus completely changing my environment, even in
the matter of those in charge of me, (my mother being dead).
About the time that Isis transited my ? (9x20), an influence
came into my life that only ? could bring, which completely changed
my life on the emotional plane. (This influence has never diminished.)
In the spring of 1908 when Isis transited my natal 1? (avfi)
another great change took place in the mental sphere,—a change that
has brought about an entirely new life within, that can only be under-
stood by those who have experienced it. I take it as a culmination
of many years' study along occult lines. With this change came,
rather suddenly, perfect health.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
Could Isis have had anything to do with these marked changes
in my life ?
izlll'og. E. ].

Birth Stone for Virgo

Dear Sir,
The Asc. in my horoscope is Virgo, and the stones
hyacinth and pink jasper. The hyacinth of the ancients, according to
the encyclopaedias, was "a bluish stone supposed to be the sapphire."
This is indefinite and seems to me incorrect. The sapphire belongs
to Aquarius, and even if given to two signs, would hardly be given
under different names. This will be of interest to all your readers
born under Virgo, many of whom may be wearing the zircon, which
would have no virtue. Can you find out directly, and answer through
your Magazine, or make enquiry through your columns ?
W. L.

Re Prize Competition No, io

Dear Sir,
I have just arrived home and found the prize books
awaiting me. I feel now that I have a complete astrological library,
and I am sure I shall enjoy reading and studying the same.
Teendaria, Osney Crescent, Paignton. M. Mills.
ii/3/'og.

A Sensible Suggestion for Amateur Astrologers

Dear Sir,
I am often asked to cast horoscopes, and not deeming
myself sufficiently qualified to accept payment for a delineation, I have
hit upon a method of saving time in writing and at the same time
assisting the sale of your books by proceeding in this fashion.
Your Ascendant is Taurus (see What is a Horoscope, pp. 28, 44, 47)
Your Ruling Planet is Venus „ „ p. 59
Your Rising Planet is the Moon „ „ p. 53
and so on
The scheme might easily be extended to the larger books
Astrology for All, Part I., or How to Judge a Nativity, where deemed
advisable. I think people value more what costs tkevi a little.
0 in n.

[We are again regretfully compelled to hold over all Reviews, also an
interesting letter and other information regarding two New Planets.—Ed.]
 Vol. VI. AUGUST, 1909. No. 8.
New SemBS.

®Ij£ (Biiitflr's O^bsertratarg

There are probably few students of Astrology who have not

profited by the study of the " Centiloquy," or Hundred Aphorisms of
Claudius Ptolemy. I have often thought that the
Aphorisms tjme ijas arrived for the compilation of a few
Wanted
additional short Aphorisms suitable for our
modern interpretation of Astrology, and, probably in common with
other students, have formulated for myself a few ideas that could be
turned into appropriate Aphorisms.
There is in this direction a fruitful field for those who are seeking
an outlet for their genius, and if a few astrological wits would turn
their attention to the composition of some short pithy Aphorisms,
they would obtain for themselves a lasting fame and earn the gratitude
of all present and future students.
To encourage efforts in this direction a prize of One Guinea or
Five Dollars has been offered by a student who wishes to remain
anonymous, for every Aphorism which on being published in Modern
Astrology meets with the unanimous approval of our readers.
* *
As an example, and an attempt to compete for the first prize,
I submit the following material to be improved into Aphorisms :
§1. Those persons born when the fixed Star
. Regulus rises with the ascending degree are destined
r sc
c 6 ' through their inherent merit far above the
gges sphere of their birth, be it ever so lowly.
§2. The Sun in one person's nativity holding the
 MODEUN ASTROLOGY
same degree as the Moon in the nativity of another is a sure sign of inter-
changing magnetism, the nature of which may be judged by the signs,
houses, or aspects concerned.
§3. The Ruling Planet in a nativity is not necessarily the lord of the
Ascending sign; a careful analysis of the planetary positions will decide
the preponderating influence, over which one of the planets will be lord or
ruler, and this latter will be the Ruling Planet.

* *
If this idea should meet with approval it would be well for com-
petitors to confine their attention to Natal Astrology only, for the
present; for confusion is often caused by applying
Two Faces of the to nativities old aphorisms that are properly
Ssims Subject
related to Horary Astrology alone. It is un-
doubtedly true that Horary Astrology interpretations still linger a
great deal in the judgments connected with Natal Astrology; and
although much has already been done to separate them, a great deal
more still remains to be accomplished in this direction. There is no
comparison in value between these two branches of Astrology, and
until this difference in value is thoroughly understood, repeated ob-
jections will be heard to what has been termed Esoteric Astrology,
Christian Astrology, Theosophical Astrology—or whatever term may
be used to distinguish the objective or material from the subjective
or spiritual expression of Astrology.

The Editor wishes to thank all those friends who have written letters of
sympathetic congratulation on the successful conclusion of the Will Case,
concerning which he will have something to say in next month's issue.

Weather for August, 1909.—A correspondent writes: "The first

half of the month is likely to be rather unsettled, but after the New Moon of
August 15th the weather will be much finer and more summerlike ; (although
I think the weather will be erratic all the season owing to the strong aspects
of so many superior planets).
" Briefly as follows: 1st and 2nd, fine and warm; 3rd, rainy; 4th, windy
but fine ; 5th and 6th, thunder and much rain; 7th, 8th and 9th, fairer but
windy; roth and nth, some rain but fine at intervals; 12th to 15th, fine and
hot, oppressive air about 14th, perhaps some thunder; i6th to 23rd, fine and
hot, rather windy; about 22nd, 23rd and 24th, thunder and oppressive air;
25th and 26th, fine and warm, but rather windy; 27th, hot oppressive air;
28th and 29th, unsettled and windy, but fine and hot at intervals; 30th and
3tst, much cooler but fine,"
 339

Wije. JEeto ^.ge

The astrologer who studies cyclic processes, interesting himself

in cycles and world periods, knows that the " old order changeth,
giving place to new," and that we are once again approaching a new
departure in the annals of history.
It is nearly two thousand years ago, that by the gradual displace-
ment of the equinox, a fresh zodiacal sign was entered and there
came to the world that Mighty One whom men called the Christ,
whose mission it was to sound forth a new note, to strike a new chord
whose rhythm would change the world's thought and usher in a new
dispensation, a new age, into which slowly but surely a new race should
be born. Once every two thousand years or thereabouts, as most astro-
logers know, a new dispensation commences ; the " wise men " of that
by-gone period saw in the heavens a luminous star rise, and studying
the heavens they predicted the coming of the great Teacher. It is pos-
sible that some of these " wise men " were the astrologers of the past
who, pointing to the position of certain astrological stars, all gathered
together in a certain zodiacal sign, predicted the forth-coming of a
new cycle, of a new race, of a New Teacher.
To-day in this twentieth century of ours, astrologers find similar
influences prevailing, and as coming events cast their shadows before,
it appears likely that the events which took place 2,000 years ago
may be repeated in this present century.*
If we look around us we cannot but notice that we are in a
period of transition, of change, of flux and movement. With the
gradual conquest of the air, everything has been rapidly widening and
changing before our very eyes; with the increased facilities of travel,
and ability to communicate with those at a long distance, the slow
and set conditions of the past have all broken up.
New societies by the score have sprung up around us, the society
for Mental Healing, for Christian Science, and many others too
numerous to mention. Foremost among these societies stands the

" See T/it Dawn of a New Age, by G. E. Sutcliffe, is. 6d.

34° MODERN ASTROLOGY
Theosophical movement, which in this present century plays the
part of John the Baptist, crying, "Prepare ye the way of the Lord,
make straight the path before him." All these thoughts of co-
operation, brotherhood, socialism, etc., what are they, what is this
mighty influence stirring in the hearts of men but the forerunner of
a new civilisation in which unity will take the place of separateness
and discord, and brotherliness and desire to help others give place to
the doctrine of the "survival of the fittest," or each man for himself?
The five-pointed star was the Star of Bethlehem, but the six-
pointed star shines forth for the new dispensation, for the birth of the
sixth sub-race is here, close at hand, and with its development a new
sense will be born. Hitherto we have had our five senses; but not
onr sixth, although some Scottish people and a few elsewhere claim
to be born with the sixth sense. With the development of this sense
the world will become a very different place to live in, new vistas of
consciousness will open out on every side, for we shall have the
Rontgen rays within us, and thus shall have no need for their external
use, to render dense physical matter transparent, as is the case with
our present limited vision ; moreover finer nervous and etheric con-
stituents will be built into the physical bodies of the children of the
new race. In them we shall see the birth of the passive, receptive
intuition, which is the feminine within the man, and the growth and
development of the active, positive and intellectual principle which
is the masculine within the woman, and the two will become as one.
There are just a few of such advanced people around us to-day,
astrologers call them Urauians ; and to those minds that delight in
symbology, I would convey the idea that Aquarius is a dual sign
showing two wavy lines—cr—which curve towards each other, and
esoterically may allude to the two systems of nervous matter and
their correlation, Aquarius relating to Fixed-Air, giving the ability to
fix the atoms and to study them from the internal standpoint. The
children of the new race will have both systems, the sympathetic and
the cerebro-spinal, working together in harmony, the two being
unified; and thus they will be able to tabulate by the intelligence
what the astral senses perceive. For with the development and union
of these two forces the first steps can be taken towards the attain-
ment of spiritual trutlTand first-hand knowledge ; a knowledge of the
(sseiictsoi things is never born of the intellect, however subtle that
 THE NEW AGE 341
intellect may be, but from a union of intuition with the reason,
together with the power of the finer sight; that is the esoteric mean-
ing symbolised by the woman clothed with the Sun and having the
Moon under her feet, intellect being symbolised by the Moon,
intuition by the woman.
The present fifth race is working to-day with bodies organised to
function only by and through the brain intelligence, thus can only
" see as in a glass darkly," through the five senses. Intuitive
perception is the result of the combining of the positive and negative
forces, the feminine and the masculine, and until these are co-related
and unified in us we are only half a human being, so to speak. At
the birth of the Christ within the man Jesus, you remember it is said
that there was seen a dove descending upon Him, the dove being the
symbol for meekness, gentleness, peace, harmony, harmlessness,—all
feminine qualities, unifying with the masculine.
Writing as a student of the stars to astrologers I would point out
what a glorious opportunity lies before us in our present life, and what
a unique and wonderful period of history it is in which we are living,
a time of preparation, a time for much pioneer work, for there is
much to be done and not much time in which to do it. Those of us
who are quite young (certainly many of the children) may have the
glorious privilege of seeing the Christ on His second coming, and
hearing again through mortal lips those immortal teachings that not
all the errors of the Churches, nor all the cruelty and ignorance of the
dark ages, have been able to destroy. Surely astrologers should be
ready for His coming, for if among their ranks devotion be not so
ready,—if the emotional nature be not so quick to respond,—they at
least have the hiowledge that the thing is true, and the perceptions of
the mind will point out to them what the Presence of such a spiritual
force will mean to the world's evolution together with the incoming
of so many souls of marvellous spiritual development to aid the
Christ in His ministry.
From now onwards I seem to see the astrologers scanning with
eager eyes the horoscopes of the incoming race; so many Uranians
must and will be born ; ours the privilege to train these young souls,
made of finer substance than ourselves, giving them as good an
environment as possible, encouraging and seeking to understand their
peculiar characteristics and their psychic development. - For many of
342 MODERN ASTROLOGY
them will bring with them that clear vision which enables them to
penetrate through matter where we have been blinded by it. We
should be ready to encourage and stimulate their astral senses, under-
standing as we do somewhat of the Uranian characteristics and the
peculiarities of the Uranian temperament; for practically a new world
will be accessible to them, and they will be strangely sensitive and
most impressionable.
The world at large, perhaps, will regard these new children as
" cranks," but we who know something of the wisdom of the stars
shall see the birth of the Aquarian into his kingdom in this Dawn of
a New Age, the age of perception rather than the age of intellect ;
but it is internal perception, by which they cognise what we may call
the unseen forces, which to-day we lump together under the name
super-natural, but which will be the natural forces of to-morrow.
In the descent of the human race from the spiritual to the
sensuous and animal and material plane, it became necessary in order
to preserve spiritual truth, to enclose it in various forms of symbology,
addressed to the senses, so that when in subsequent ages the man
himself began to unfold the inner senses the inner meaning of the
symbol would be disclosed. Much has been done by students of the
stars to unlock the secrets of astrological symbology, but being only
able to work through the brain, naturally only a small portion of the
truth could be understood. At the same time great credit is due to
those who have worked so hard within our ranks, and who have been
indefatigable in the use of the intellectual powers, for the triumph of
the fifth race man is the intellect, the energy of the mind working in
the brain; but in the new race the seat of consciousness will be
shifted, and although the intellect will be just as brilliant and the
mind just as keen a new sense will be added on, a consciousness
which can work in the fourth dimension ; for heart and head will be
united and a dual force will be working, man will then have to some
extent reversed his poles, so to speak. To-day the negative pole is
Aries and the positive Scorpio; in the man of the future the reverse
will be the case, until at last creation takes the place of procreation.
To use occult power Aries must be positive and Scorpio negative, for
any true seer-ship or occult power not built on rigid purity is but a
transitory and ephemeral thing.
What men generally call love at the present day is desire for
 THE NEW AGE 343
sensation, sheathing itself in matter ; and yet until the animal nature
in man is purified and subdued, he must be spiritually blind, for to be
conscious and live m swjurtam is to be unconscious on higher planes.
Once the poles are reversed, then no longer the flesh lusteth against
the spirit or the spirit against the flesh as St. Paul testifies.
In the new race the Sattvic Guna or harmonious principle will be
the most prominent. We have to a large extent outgrown the indif-
ferent stage or Tamasic Guna, and to-day are absorbed more or less by
the Rajasic Guna; activity, mental or physical, absorbs us. Silence,
brooding or meditation is well-nigh impossible in the rush and turmoil
of life, in the race for place and position and power, in some cases for
daily bread; but in the New Age and in the New Race, with their
more delicate faculties developed, the face of the world will be
changed and life will become more noble and more beautiful as co-
operation and brotherhood become the dominant feature ; for wisdom
will take the place of ignorance and the transitory will not hold us in
bondage, when the reality of life is seen and known ; easier conditions
will be brought about, there will be less craving for luxury, greater
simplicity of life and fewer wants: a blessed time! truly an epoch-
making period!
The redemption of the race is at hand, redemption from selfish-
ness and materiality, from the lust of sex and gold, a change indeed—
from self-love to brotherly love. The world is slowly moving nearer
to harmony by its very discords ; for the Master of Music is coming.
Once again the new melody of a New Heaven and a New Earth will
sound. Will it prove too strong a vibration for the mass of selfish-
ness and materiality ? Shall we once again crucify the body of the
Lord of Love, as we did 2,000 years ago ? No, surely the world will
have grown wiser now 1 And astrologers should let their wisdom
shine forth as a beacon light into the darkness of the world around ;
should become a lifting force in evolution, and as pioneers eagerly
point again to the star about to rise in the East, proclaiming anew the
advent of A World Saviour.
Bessie Leo.

" There are three modes of purification for the soul of man—Laving,
Living, ami Loving."
 344

Hesult of Competition $0. 11

This Competition closed on March 31st, and it is a matter of

regret that the publication of the Result should have been so long
delayed. The native, Dr. Louise Appel, M.B., B.S., B.Sc. (Lond.),
is a woman of many sympathies, and as many activities.
Dr. Appel's career may be briefly summarised as follows ; At
Leicester she held the position of Science Mistress at the Wyggeston
High School for Girls, and took part in the movement for the higher
education of women, and in the work of the Working Men's College
in Leicester. In London she held the position of Demonstrator in
Anatomy at the London (Royal Free Hospital) School of Medicine
for Women. She was Clinical Assistant at the New Hospital for
Women, and has held the post of Assistant Anaesthetist and also of
Medical Registrar at the Royal Free Hospital. At the Clapham
Maternity Hospital she was successively House Surgeon, Lecturer
on Midwifery to the students, and Pathologist to the Hospital. She
was Physician to the out-patients at the Anti-vivisection Hospital,
Battersea; Examiner in Anatomy for the Incorporated Society of
Trained Masseuses; and Lecturer on Gynfficology and Midwifery to
the Queen Victoria Jubilee Nurses.
Besides the activities above enumerated she has contributed
articles to various publications dealing with the subjects in which
she is specially interested, such as medicine, psychology, embryology
and occultism. Among these may be mentioned " Feeling and Emo-
tion from the standpoint of Eastern and Western Psychology," in the
Transaciions of the Medico-Legal Society ; " Doctors and Conscientious
Objectors," in the Vncciuntion Juquircr; a pamphlet, "The Bishop of
London and Theosophy " ; a pamphlet, "The White Slave Traffic
and State Regulation of Vice " ; and an important series of " Studies
in Comparative Science," in the Thepsophist.
Dr. Appel is a strong opponent of vivisection, vaccination, in-
oculation and other materialistic medical methods which retard the
upward evolution of mankind; and a marked feature of her
championship is that she always fights under the Theosophical flag,
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. II 345
never losing an occasion of proclaiming her adherence to its principles,
or of acknowledging the benefit she has gained from its teachings
both personally and in connection with her studies. It is not every
student of Theosophy who shows equal courage in declaring the
source of his inspiration.
It may be of iiiterest to mention that a short series of lectures by
Dr. Appel on "Embryology" is being given at the Headquarters of
the Theosophical Society, 106, New Bond Street, W., and that coupled
with this is a short series on " Astrology," by Mr. Alan Leo. The
twin series should have a special attraction for our readers, since it
presents a study of man from two standpoints, namely, Involution
and Evolution. Particulars of the series may be obtained from Dr.
Louise Appel, c/o Theosophical Society, 106, New Bond Street, W.

The particulars of this Competition were given on p. 42 of

Modern Astrology for J anuary, 1909. The First Prize has been won
by Geraldinc (Miss Charlotte Ward, of igy, Queen's Road, Hastings),
and the Second Prize by Hojfnuug (Mr. Charles Layton Fisk, of
Wood Mount, Norman Park, Huddersfield). The delineation of
Sorrento, although placed first on the list, being sent anonymously
cannot be awarded a prize.
We are pleased to note that both winners are competitors who
have not previously won a prize. This is satisfactory, as it shows that
the field of these Competitions is extending, and that more and more
students of real ability are being encouraged to put their skill to the
test. No better opportunity exists, for unsuccessful competitors are
shielded from recognition by their uoms-do-plumc and the names of
only the successful appear, and hence no one need shrink from
competing out of diffidence. The delineations forwarded to the
Adjudicator are selected on a very broad basis, only the hopelessly
unfit being excluded, so that it seems a great pity for anyone to
neglect such splendid chances of improving their powers of judgment
and developing skill in expression.
A rule has been made that no competitor shall be allowed to win
more than (wo prizes, (exclusive of the Extra Prize that is always open
to award for a specially good delineation), and hence there need be no
fear that—" So-and-So is sure to win the prize, so it is no good my
trying." We are glad to say that most of our old prize-winners
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

still compete, although disqualified from any award, thus showing

how fully they appreciate the advantages offered hythese Competitions;
and no doubt others will profit by their example.

Zenith or South Point.

<7- -nv-

&

cr*
10
a
I ^6 3-1
IS-, ?f.a ex

&
r ft
*1

&

Nadir or North Point.

The Horoscope of Dr. Louise Appel

The first three delineations now follow, and alter that the Adjudi-
cator's Report. It will be remembered that a system of marking
the delineations has been devised, the following being the signification
of the symbols employed :
0
remarkably true.
' quite correct.
" incorrect,
doubtful.
These symbols being inserted by the native herself render the
delineations exceedingly helpful to the student.
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 11 347

SPECIALLY MENTIONED

This is a very remarkable horoscope and the native, one would

think, must be more of a man than a woman,—that is, she must be
more remarkable for manly attributes than for " feminine " ones. It
has not been my experience that " manly " women are unwomanly,
and hence I do not imply a slight but a compliment.
Taking the zodiacal signs first, the most pronounced feature in
the map is courage.' Four planets in Leo (three of them in sextile to
Uranus), and the Moon in conjunction with Mars in Capricorn, in
its ' exaltation' degree,—surely one might go far to find a more
redoubtable champion ! Mars is in trine to Saturn, and in sextile to
Neptune: poise, and inspiration, in addition to fearlessness. Now
comes the contrast,—the Sun in Cancer. An internal sensitiveness0
and timidity,0 a shrinking and retiring inner nature.0
What is the key to this map ? Perhaps we shall find it in Miss
Pagan's allocation to Cancer of the r6U of " prophet." Here I may
be pardoned, I hope, for pointing out that there are two kinds of
prophets ; the word is used in two senses. There is the prophet who
merely foresees, who forecasts, who foretells, and no more—like Joseph,
the " dreamer." And the prophet who, like Jonah, has a message to
the present, and who must deliver himself of it. The former is
typified by Sagittarius, the latter by Cancer ; Cancer being in this
sense the fulfilment of Sagittarius. In the present horoscope the Sun
disposes of four planets (which may therefore in a sense be said to be
his servants), and is himself placed in Cancer—in other words is
chosen to play the part of prophet, or propagandist, or reformer.
The Moon in conjunction with Mars in Capricorn (a cardinal sign)
will bring this out in some open or public way,' and in a militant
manner."
This, then, I judge to be the inner nature, the polarisation of the
soul. Let us see what promise there may be of this inner ideal
finding outward expression. To do this, we must turn to the position
of the planets in the various mundane " houses." I am of course
assuming the birth-time accurate.
Here an altogether different picture is presented to the view.
The four planets previously standing so proudly in the fifth sign are
 MODERN ASTRO!.OGY

now seen ignominiously hustled into the sixth house, the house of
servants and inferiors, or sickness. The shadowy Neptune only is
angular, r/tcc the Sun, Moon and Mars; a notable difference truly!
Uranus alone seems well placed, in Gemini his 'exaltation,' and in
the third house, being moreover in sextile to Mercury his natural
dispositor. Hence we may infer wilh certainty an original', daring,
forceful/ incisive' and critical' mind,0 inquisitive, searching,' subtle
and penetrating. How far the Moon can translate that influence
through the brain is another question which may be left for the
present.
Seeing all those planets in the sixth house, one is naturally
tempted to ask : Is this the horoscope of an incurable invalid ? or if
not, why not ? A momentous question.
Upon consideration, I answer No,'for these reasons; First, the
benefics are there, in conjunction; although it is true they are in
opposition to Mars. Secondly, and more cogently, the sign Leo is an
extremely vital sign ; it is the fixed or most powerful form of the fury
or most subtle element. I argue therefore that the onslaughts of
disease upon the body will be repelled,' by the great positiveness of
the sign occupying the sixth house. In other words, the native is
strongest at what to most people is the weakest point.
Nevertheless it would be extremely interesting to know if she
suffered much in childhood,* for I should think it unlikely that the full
power of the internal positiveness could manifest itself until well on
to the twelfth year or after. The Moon in Capricorn, too, is not
favourable to childhood; but probably the Moon conjunction Mars
influence worked itself out chiefly in accidents," owing to a wilful
and headstrong disposition, combining much daring with some
impulsiveness.
Having decided against invalidism, then, the only alternative
signification for this satellitium of planets in the sixth house is: Ser-
vice. The native must have seen much of nursing in her life';
ministering to others will be the aim of her existence'; in an unob-
trusive way to help' (sixth house), and if possible to serve on a large scale'

' In fact. I should judge she ran through the whole gamut of childish com-
plaints, ending up with some rather serious fever. Whooping Cough when nearly 7 ;
Tonsillitis frequently from 7-11 years; a L-ow Fever when 13.—L. C. A.
 REStn.T OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. II 349
0
(Moon and Mars in Capricorn), on 3. progressive or reformed plan (Sun
in Cancer);—this will be her ideal.
Now how will this ideal work itself out ? We must not forget
Uranus in the third. The keen and lively mind will be always to the
fore0; criticism,' insight,' ingenuity,' all three will run in double
harness (as the Irishman said) in every attempt to solve a problem,
whether mental or practical. The Sun in the fifth betokens great
enterprise,0— faith. The Moon in Capricorn, an instinct for sensing
the public mind,' and an intuitive perception of public needs.' I
therefore decide that she will use her powers largely in the direction
of public writing, drawing attention to existing abuses, suggesting
reformed methods, and carrying the war where necessary into the
enemy's country.
One must not forget the underlying motive power of the Sun in
Cancer, the Maternal Sign of the Larger Humanity, looking ever at
the good of the race, providing for the future'. Are not the Scottish
people, admittedly under the special influence of the sign Cancer,
famous for their saving tendencies, for their habit of preparing for a
rainy day? Cecil Rhodes had this position, and he—the millionaire,
the financier—made it his last care to found scholarships to promote
the good of the coming generation. So here, we must expect to find
this looking forward to the bettering of the race by improving its
conditions,'by raising and broadening its ideals,0 by in short, by
playing the part of the Mother of the Race. What form it will take
it is difficult to tell : it is safe to say it will be something connected
with the relief of the down-trodden,0 the tending of the sick, the care
of the insane; in other words, the mothering of the helpless.' The
presence of Neptune in the first house bestows, besides sympathy' and
wide tolerance,' a sense of humour,' and being in sextile to Mars an
aptitude for "poking fun"0; there will be the useful capacity for
suggesting things pleasantly, for ' sugar-coating' the pill of reform.
Taking the horoscope as a whole, it signifies one who will do far
more work than the world ever hears of; the facilities for coming
before the general public are not marked, and notwithstanding what
has previously been said on this head I should judge the native has
but a very slight desire to appear in public.0 She had rather sit at
the desk than take her stand at the rostrum.0
She has little or no patience with " revolutionary " reformers0:
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
she is conservative in sympathies,' and prefers looking to see what is
good in existing institutions and strengthening that by extra but-
tresses, to crying out for a wholesale demolition.0 Reconstruction,
revivification, not destruction or replacement, may be said to be her
watchwords.
Postscript.—After the foregoing was written I had the curiosity
to turn up the ascending degree in " Charubel's " Degrees of the Zodiac
Symbolised. This is what I find under Aquarius 270: " A Standard-
Bearer; denotes a leader of the multitude, a public character, or
perhaps a reformer."—This seems rather more than a coincidence !
Still, it reminds me that the time of birth is said to be uncertain
to within about a quarter of an hour. At the time I commenced this
delineation, the thirteenth degree of Gemini was culminating, and
assuming this to be one of the angles of the nativity, namely, the
fourth-house cusp, it would make the ascendant about Aquarius 19°.
If so, then Saturn the ruler would be in the seventh house at birth,
indicating either a life of more pronounced public activity, or, a life in
which the native's interests were almost entirely submerged in those
of her husband. We are however told that the horoscope is that of
an unmarried woman, and that I can readily believe, for the nature
seems far too positive and " male " to make marriage under present
conditions a thing very desirable from her point of view.
I have preferred to confine myself to character and temperament
rather than attempting ' events.' This will be approved, I gather,
from the Editorial comments on page 457 of Modern Astrology for
October, 1908, (last par.). The horoscope is so interesting that I
should like to continue for several pages more, but I fear I have
already exceeded my limits. I have tried to be definite and plain-
spoken, but I trust I have not said anything to give offence.
Sorrento.
FIRST PRIZE
= rising The map shows a lady possessed of strong individuality,' un-
ip ru er in n common disposition, and of great intellectual power, with versatility
Dw of talent.' She will made her influence felt kow, in her lifetime—one
side of the nature being very practical.' But she is advanced in
thought and before her time, and her greatest work—her literary and
scientific work for humanity, will be better understood and appreciated
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. II

at a later period and by a more highly evolved community than ours.

At present the higher side of this character will only be appreciated
by the few.
Taken as a whole there is in this map seeming failure and disap-
pointment to the aims and ambitions of the native,' great obstacles' O # 5
and both public and private enemies. But she will face all difficulty in 7th
and overcome very much—and her originality, inventive genius—her FixedI|igns'
outspoken condemnation of what is not up to her standard of right, her W
fearless expression of unorthodox religious opinion,' along with her 5 * iji
ideas of charity' and her almost Utopian schemes' for the betterment of _ an(i ^
people,0 will leave their mark on the minds of others. And " Tho' she
seeth not the fruits of her labours " sheis undoubtedly a pioneer, helping 5 «
to lay a foundation of some future reform for the benefit (possibly) of Ge
children.
There is in the physical make-up a great predominance of the ^ f'siuR
mental temperament. She is quick,' active,' intense,' refined, suscep- * ln 11
tible both to surroundings and to psychic influences'—studious', philo-
sophical and unconventional,0 will always seek the first cause, the
underlying principles of things,0 and may possibly have had applied -
to her the terms " mystic " and " crank."" In stature rather tall,"
with long arms and hands' ; and fingers which she may find it difficult ? * ^
to keep still'—should be clever with her fingers,' and brilliant in the
execution of music," especially on a stringed instrument. n and si
The aspects in connection with health conditions are not of the 5 # 0
best.' Long and serious illnesses are threatened—indigestion is
shown, tendency to nerve trouble, affecting ultimately the heart.'" 5 in 6th
The native will often exhaust the system by excessive mental activity,' ^ #
and the eyesight is in danger of becoming defective.'
The nature is internally a strong one—strong willed,' positive, g®nd ^ jn
masterful0—she could not endure a subordinate position, must lead Cardinal
and control, and can do a good work so doing—yet will unconsciously
and by her severe criticism make enemies for herself,' and many
of her friends will be of an unstable kind.
She is inspirational and intuitional—much of her best work will D in nth
be accomplished under some sudden impulse from within.' At times 10
restless' and irritable,0 and subject to great strivings of the mind0— D

the inner nature seems at war with itself—for there is in it an odd

contrast of head and heart, of intellect and feeling0—of the progressive
 352 MODERN ASTROLOGY
with the conservative, due to the strong opposing influences of Leo
in as and Aquarius. Thus there is the love of mothering', of doing for
others,0 yet a singular inclination towards the isolated' and retired"—
in u and whilst shifting her point of view of life and its problems' and ever
becoming broader', and yet more expansive, on the one hand ; she will
still retain some fixed notion, or dogma, that she cannot release, for
Cancer is strong and holds fast,
in si She has fine taste, love of beauty,0 and desire for perfection,0
s© especially perfection of character,0 but cannot give full expression to
her thought,' and will probably never reach even the borders of her
ideals.' Her love of character reading' is very marked, she will be
and iji drawn to the human naturesciences,such as Astrology, Phrenology,"'
etc., at some period of her life, also to the mystic and occult.0 Will
in oth have distinct ideas,' and maybe rather peculiar views regarding food
''' and dress,"' and will be interested in medicine' and hygiene.'
The native is capable of deep and lasting attachment," has loved
once,0 but on the Cusp of seventh house gave disappointment.'
The affections, moreover, are inclined to be exacting' and jealous."
iji in 3rd It appears that she may have estranged herself (possibly by her
attitude of mind) from her relations and kindred"—will have struck
out some original path for herself—could well fill a public office, or
© in jih work in connection with things educational,' large buildings or public
institutions.' Yet her greatest power lies in the direction of writing
iji in 3rd and scientific research.0 If this has been adopted in the career she
will have incurred severe criticism from both press and public. She
ss and a has the dramatic ability common to the fixed signs, but would not
a Asc. find success in that direction.
t 8 -n Money is a shifting commodity"—one' or two legacies (small ones)
s ^ are shown—but she will find it difficult to keep much in the way of
material possession." Fame is more lasting than money in this case.
iji 3rd in o Is fond of travel,' many short journeys are shown,' possibly on
account of her work changing her abode frequently," but long sea
voyages have either been prevented altogether" or have been
unprofitable."
To sum up, I take it that this lady, to the observer of mere
© « 5 and externals will appear to be both fortunate and happy. But whilst
Planets on she is mentally gifted beyond the average and able to make her way
the Dcscen-
dant in the world by sheer force of intellect and will, Fatu is s/ioiig. She
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. II 353
has brought back with her a large amount of unfortunate Karma—to
be worked out through limitation in environment, great mental
striving, and disappointment both to the ideals and the affections.
Geraldine.

SECOND PRIZE

I cannot study this Horoscope without receiving the impression 4 planets

that the native is a woman of broad sympathies,' and very much dis- VI"
posed to bear the burdens of others less fortunate than herself.' She
holds strong opinions on social matters0 and her intellectual abilities O 5th
render her well able to champion her own point of view.' She can 8 a ?
be quietly persistent' but also very ardent when contradicted,0 having 5 H << /
a good reserve of mental force. Sometimes her ideas and actions
may be hasty' and not always well thought out.' Most of her worries d # © j
will arise through fighting the battles of others,' perhaps taking their
view of matters' and being imposed on thereby through sympathy.0
Yet her friends will not always stand by her' and she will frequently I) IIth
find herself mistaken in so-called friends.' This will tend to make 5 n
her somewhat reserved in manner.
Thinking deeply on all matters that interest her,0 native will be 8 8 ^
prominent in her own environment. Her real friends will be unde-
monstrative' but will fully appreciate her many good qualities. The 'j cusp 7th
lighter minds will not appreciate her at her true worth.
Naturally enterprising,' native will have to overcome many <1 rising
obstacles' and will not have the success she desires. Later in life her Planetsm
forces will be more concentrated0 and her environment will have
improved more in accordance with her desires and aspirations.'
Withal native has a refined and intuitive personality, reticent by ©e
nature' and with much inward pride ;0 she has not a robust constitu-
tion0 although I judge sufficiently careful to avoid continued ill-health.0 8 asc'
3 8 planets
I should not however be surprised to learn she has frequent' in VI.
breakdowns. h SO
Naturally self-controlled' yet of a very assertive temperament,' <f, D in vj
fond of quietude0 but always willing to do the duty that lies nearest'
she is very determined' when once she takes a task in hand.0 This
task she will consider the all-important one' and is extremely liable
to give too little consideration to the opinions or views of others.'
 354 MODERN ASTROLOGY
Quick in coming to a conclusion' and tenacious,' it would be better if
sometimes she looked a little longer on the other side of the argument.
Were I giving advice on this horoscope I should say " Take care,
avoid extremes in all things and above all learn to think cosmically."
A great deal of native's independence will have been developed
owing to having had to use her own judgment early in life.'" The
first part of her life was probably replete with difficulties" and her
environment was not in accordance with her character. Not having
the benefit of a position ready made for her" she has had to make one
for herself. This explains and shall I say also excuses her self-
confidence.
Humanitarian in her instincts,' altruistic' in her nature, she realises
that others are a part of herself. In the performance of her duty she
may appear cold' and calculating' unless very much aroused,0 and very
much inclined to be dogmatic,' but in spite of her autocratic demeanour'
her desire to serve others is sincere.0
I do not consider she will be a good speaker' but she should be
a good writer'" (if not always in accordance with public opinion) and
clever at expressing her thoughts. Probably a good teacher'
especially if she favours the New Thought as I should imagine. The
native is likely to be prominent in this direction with a strong
tendency to psychism and if she is not publicly popular, at all events
she will have a considerable following. Still her ambition in this
direction will not be fully realised.
In ordinary matters' and socially native will be a success.' Having
tact and geniality she will make a good hostess, willing to go out of
her way to make others comfortable,' and both capable and willing to
give sound advice. Her friends will respect both her and her opinions
13 3rd h and may in fact stand somewhat in awe of her, being unable to
"read" her. Her nature however is quite open,0 reserved perhaps,'
but not given to artifice to enhance its effect.' Deep down in her
nature however she loves theatrical effects, display and surprises.'"
5 f © as Her health is liable to suffer through overstrain' and this latter
before
she must particularly avoid. Heart and nerves require careful
nursing but it is probably not necessary to advise her to " go slowly "
as she will herself be well aware of her own weaknesses.'
Native will be regarded by her own relatives as eccentric" but
she will have sufficient tact' to keep her from pressing her theories'
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. II 355
and opinions where they are not likely to be well received.' It is
well that she has a good share of self-control, otherwise fretfulness
would very likely exercise a great hold on her temperament in later
years and render her subject to moods.'
Native is capable of taking her full share in life's enjoyments'
and will not be too "close" where pleasure is concerned, but here
again I judge her constitution will warn her to take care.0 In any
case she will have a reason for money she spends in this and other
directions.0
We learn that native is unmarried and she would no doubt have P 9.V
leaving
some difficulty in finding a congenial partner. Besides, all indications applyV ij
favour the idea that she has little inclination' to enter the married vl1' ° 9 9
state.
She will never want for money" having the ability to turn her
talents to account, but may have been subject to ups' and downs.'
Money she will not hoard for its own sake0 but will be somewhat
economical,' knowing that it is necessary to make and keep her own
environment as pleasant' as possible for the sake of her own health'
and to ensure comfort for old age.
Hoffnung.

ADJUDICATOR'S REPORT

The twelve delineations submitted to me lend themselves more

readily to classification into a few groups than to placing in their
exact order of merit. The first four are remarkably true delineations
taken as a whole, though each of them contains some error. With
the help of a medical friend who knows me well it was easy to group
together as Class I. the delineations by Sovrento, Geraldine, and
Hoffnung.
These three are decidedly better than the delineations by
Quiest-dle, Saturn in Capricorn, and Bettws-y-Coed; but Quiest elU is
better than the other delineations in Group II. and is therefore placed
fourth in order of merit. My friend gives the first place to Geraldine s
paper, and the second place to Sorrento's ; but I place Sorrento's before
Geraldine's, because it seems to me to possess the additional merit of
presenting and explaining in a really scientific manner the several
tendencies which go to make up my nature so far as that nature is
known to myself or has shown itself out in life. I ought however
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
to say that I know nothing about Astrology, and must leave it to
your readers to decide how far Sorrento is correct or incorrect in
assigning these natural tendencies to astrological causes.
I may perhaps add that while there is a very great difference in
merit between the first three delineations and the next three, there
is not very much difference in merit between Quiest-elle, Saturn in
Capricorn and Bettws-y-Coed, although Quiest-elle is certainly the best
of the three.
(1. Sorrento 7. Roma
Group I •] 2. Geraldine 8. New Chum
(3. Hoffnung 9. Spero
f,]. Quiest-elle 10. Pixie
Group 11. -Js.
5. Saturn
I 3- OO-LUiU in
xu Capricorn
( it. Talib
(6. Bettws-y-Coed 12. Chrono
It may interest the Competitors to hear that my life has been a
fairly full and varied one, so far as occupation and work are concerned,
part of it having been spent in the teaching profession and part of it
in the medical profession. The first twenty-two years of life were
closely linked with the life of my twin brother and were full of love
and joy and beauty. His untimely and unexpected death in 1882 was
the " lasting grief" mentioned by New Chum. He was the joy of my
life, and his death " altered everything," as Quiest-elle aptly expresses
it.
As to health conditions, we were delicate children at birth, so
the doctor said, and he told my mother she must not expect to be
able to rear either of us. "Tell me what to do to rear them," was
her quick reply. She gave herself up to us, insisted on nursing
us herself, and by her ever-watchful care and selfless devotion
during the first seven years of our life—much of which was spent
in the country—she succeeded in rearing us, and gradually we
grew stronger. The first seven years (1860-1867) were passed
in England; the next four years (1867-1871) were spent with my
father's relatives in Germany. Health conditions were responsible
for that, too. My twin-brother and I had both caught whooping-
cough in the spring of 1867, and as a thorough change of air is
deemed good in that complaint, my father suggested that we should
pay his relatives a visit. The doctor gave his consent and prevailed
upon my mother to let us go, urging that this change would be good
for our health,—and the visit turned out to be a long one, lasting for
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. II 357
four years. Then back to England, where most of my life has been
spent,—except for short sojourns in Germany, Switzerland, and
Austria, and two and a half years spent in India.
It is true, as some delineations point out, that home ties are very
strong and that I am much attached to my kindred ; that there is " a
certain amount of patience and endurance," but " impatience with
restrictions and regulations," that " love of justice " is " almost a
passion " with me ; that I feel things keenly and have suffered much
on the religious side ; that there is a tendency to feverish complaints
and rheumatism, and to breakdown in health from overstrain and
mental worry ; that there is much vitality and physical energy and
some snapsome ambition. On the other hand, I have not the pen of
a ready writer, nor any inclination to speculations of a gambling
nature, nor blue eyes and fair hair. I have not concerned myselfwith
politics, nor have I been actively engaged in business or in Government
affairs. The financial gains mentioned in some of the delineations
are conspicuous by their absence.
It is true that I am deeply interested in the occult—in Occultism
and in Occult Science—chiefly because of its practical bearing on the
problems of life and death, and its great value in the field of religion.
In Occultism I see vast possibilities opening up to mankind, and
when the subject is more widely studied and is taken up in the truly
scientific spirit of reverent enquiry, great educational, medical and
social reforms will be instituted and efforts made to deal with the
underlying causes of disorders and diseases and not merely with the
outer effects of these causes.
It is said that the last part of my life is to be the best. I fully
believe this, for I have come into contact with Theosophy, which
makes all things new and opens up the road to things undreamt of in
my pre-theosophical days.
Louise C. Appel.

This has been a very successful Competition, and the prize-

winners are to be congratulated. There can be no doubt that the
task set was a difficult one, for the horoscope is one which calls
forth all one's powers of judgment. We are inclined to agree with
the native's friend that the delineation of Geraldine should be ranked
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
before that of Sorrento, as a character sketch, but on the other hand
we think the Adjudicator is right in considering that the manner in
which the characteristics are deduced from the astrological factors
is also worthy of being taken into account. In this she displays
that preference for things mental with which several competitors
have credited her.
We must not omit to express our thanks to the Adjudicator for
her kindness in sacrificing so muck of her small leisure for our
readers' benefit, and not less for the horoscope itself, which is as we
have said an exceptionally interesting one.
We expect shortly to publish the result of Competition No. 12.

PARTICULARS OF NEXT PRIZE COMPETITION, No. 14

The conditions to be observed by intending Competitors will be lound
on p. 42 of Modern Astrology for January, 1909. There are TWO prizes,
each consisting of " Modern Astrology" publications to the value of 10/6.
An Extra Prize may be awarded in case of special merit.
The following are the data for the erection of the map :
Hooses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
nizzi zn z 28 HIJ T26
Planets
05 ??<}■:!/'? yvo
1025.1 D26.33 2213.11 X6.53 =7.29 a 11.10 Z 23.36 1319,481?. TI6-52 1328.36
The native is a woman, unmarried.
The last day for receiving delineations is September 30TH.

What do we mean by AN ARIES PERSON ?—A correspondent

puts the above question, and as the answer may be of general interest we
give it. An Aries person is, primarily, one having Aries as his rising sign.
But in a secondary sense one having the Sun in Aries is an Aries person;
or more correctly an Aries individual, the Sun ruling the individuality.
Similarly with the Moon in Aries, or the Ruling Planet, or a group of planets,
in this sign. Hence the phrase " Aries people" includes all people having
any significant portion of the horoscope represented through Aries. It
must of course be remembered that such people will manifest the Aries
characteristics in different ways, or rather in different fields of activity,
according to the particular planet, Sun, Moon, or Ascendant, which may
be concerned.
In the series of articles by Miss Pagan, and in the Series on
the "Zodiacal and Planetary Temperaments" now running, all the above
meanings are included, so that Aries, Taurus, etc., people comprise all those
who in any way have the sign in question accentuated in their horoscopes.
 359

fieisa front l&otobm

In my daily walks 1 sometimes have occasion to pass a certain chapel,

a quiet little building standing back from the main road. This is what I
read there the other day, affixed to the notice-board:—" This Chapel is
" dedicated to the service of God. It has no doctrinal test of fellowship,
"and while freedom of thought has led most of its members to Unitarian
" belief, they welcome all who desire to worship with them in the spirit of
"Jesus Christ." Does not this'show that the spirit of the Sixth Sub-Race,
the race in which is to be manifested the sinking of differences and the
increasing prevalence of harmony, is already astir? The widespread
tendency of late years for differing sects to give greater prominence to
those points on which they are at one, rather than to those concerning
which they are at variance, is one of the most remarkable signs of the times.
Another most hopeful sign of the times is the disposition shown by
certain leaders of religious thought to turn their attention more and more
to the Ideal Christ rather than to the Personal Saviour. In this connection
may be mentioned a remarkable lecture by Mrs. Hesant, published in the
Christian Commonwealth (a paper which seems to live up to its title) for
June and, 1909, in which is shown a way of reconciling the two modes of
regarding the founder of Christianity without in any way derogating from
the dignity, or humanity, of either. This lecture in itself is also a sign of
the times,
* * Jfe
I am glad to learn that my suggestion in regard to an " Anecdote "
competition (June, p. 269) is being warmly received. Although at the time
of writing the magazine has only just been published it seems the stories
are already beginning to come in. 1 have been asked my opinion of the
following:—" 1 was present at a church some years ago when the Benedicite
was being sung, and the choir chanted, very deliberately,' O all ye fowls of
the air, bless ye the Lord 1' The organist and choirmaster, who was
distinctly annoyed with the singers for being too slow, is a Cumberland
man, and in a strong North Country accent which could be heard all over the
church above the voices of the choir he shouted Quack ! Quack !—no doubt
thinking be was saying quick ! quick I"
1 can only say 1 think it would appeal indifferently to every sign of the
zodiac, for 1 consider it one of the most comical stories 1 have ever beard.
The " point" in this story is simply the incongruity of the sound quack-
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
quack following upon the words " fowls of the air." The sense of fun is
therefore appealed to rather than the sense of humour, and every average
roan is quite sufficiently alive to the comic to appreciate it. Hence this
particular story is of little value in relation to the particular object we have
in view, that is, in helping us to discriminate the ascendant in doubtful
cases.
Take, on the other band, the Capricorn story I quoted last month.
The Capricorn person senses intuitively the inherent uselessness of cut-
and-dried rules of hospitality; he sees how easily people pose without being
aware they are posing; and so he thoroughly sympathises with the Jew
when he says: " Veil, thatsth vol y' got now, ainth it?" Hence the story
acts as a delicate " reagent," as a chemist would say, to detect the
presence of Capricorn.
^ 5*«
The following anecdote, told by Mrs. Besant to illustrate the meaning of
the word superstition, will I think appeal to all Aries people.—But can
anybody tell me why ?
There was once in the East a very holy man who was greatly revered
and looked up to on account of his piety, and on account of the regularity
with which he performed his devotions, which included certain observances
prescribed in the sacred books. One of these was the daily pouring of a
portion of ghee (clarified butter) into the fire as an offering to the Devas,
and as he found himself inconvenienced during its performance by the
importunities of a pet cat, it was his custom to tie the animal to his bed-post
till be bad finished. His admirers, anxious to emulate him in all things,
forthwith added a cat tied to a post as an integral part of the ceremony.
Years passed on, the good man died, and in due time the other details were
one by one forgotten, but the tied-up cat remained ; and finally the ceremony
consisted of nothing else but the tying of a cat to a post!
And can any one tell me why the following story will appeal to Taurus ?—
The minister bad just been giving the class a lesson on the Prodigal Son. At
the finish, to test what attention had been paid to his teaching, be asked; "Who
was sorry that the Prodigal Son had returned ? " The most forward youngster in
the class' breathlessly answered : " The fatted calf 1 "
Or this (o Leo ?—
" Maggie," said Jock, whose mind was made up to propose—and after they
bad talked about everything else for the last hour, "wasna I here on Sawbitb
nicbt ? " " Aye. Jock, I daresay ye were."
" And wasna I here on Monday nicbt ? " " Aye, so ye were."
"And I was here on Tuesday nicht ? " "Aye, ye did happen on Tuesday
oicht."
" And I was here on Wednesday nicht ? " " Aye, soye were. Jock, so ye were,"
"And 1 was here on Thursday nicht ? " " I'll no deny that ye were, Jock."
" And I was here on Friday nicht ? " " Aye, I'm thinking that's so."
" And this is Saturday nicht, and I'm here again ? "
" Weel, what for no ? Ye are verra welcome."
" Maggie,"—(desperately)—" d'ye no' begin to smell a rat ? "
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE
And this to Scorpio ?—
Cook (leaving) : " I should like to ask you for a written character, if you please."
" Why. what am I to write, you idle, good-for-nothing creature ? You surely
don't expect me to say you gave satisfaction ? "
Cook .-"Just say that I stayed with you for three mouths, mum. I don't want
nothink better than that! "
And this to Aquarius ?—
Alpine Hotel Manager (to the man who has the telescope for hire): "The
Kaiser is coming here to-morrow. Be careful to say nothing to him about the
majesty of the mountains."
Here is another Capricorn tale :—
A peasant who was ill motioned feebly to his wife to approach his bedside, and
whispered painfully : " I think, my dear. I could fancy a little broth."
" What do you want with broth ? " inquired the surprised wife: " Hasn't the
doctor just given you up ? "
How's this for Virgo ?—
Bronson : "I understand that he painted cobwebs so perfectly on the ceiling
that the maid wore herself out trying to sweep them down."
Johnson : •' There may have been such an artist, but there never was such a
housemaid!"

And now, finally, can any one explain why none of these stories will
appeal in any special way to Sagittarius ? (Don't take my word for it, try
it and see for yourself!) But you won't find one Sagittarian who doesn't
enjoy I his :—
The nobility and gentry of I-ittle Plowboro were recently gathered in the
village schoolroom to enjoy some tableaux vivants by local performers. The curtain
had just fallen on a really creditable picture of the Death of Nelson, shown to slow
music.
" Keep your seats, please." said the stage manager. " We're much obliged for
your kind applause, ladies and gentlemen, and we're going to give you the Death
of Nelson over again."
" Oh. are yer," came from a friend of the man who was playing the chief part.
" Then if you'll tell Nelson 'is kitchen chimley's afire and 'is wife's jest had a couple
o' fits, p'raps "e won't die so blessed lingerin'."
Nor a Cancerian who fails to appreciate this:—
"Daft Sandy." a certain simple villager in the land o' cakes, was often tested
by strangers with an offer of a penny or a sixpence, to see which he would take;
and invariably he chose the larger copper coin, in accordance with the predictions
of his fellow-villagers. One day a man of enquiring mind said to him : " Why do
you always take the penny—don't you know the sixpence is worth more ? " "Ay,
I ken that, but I'm thinking the fowk wad na be sae keen to try me ony mair! "

At a first glance, the following story would take some beating. I am

indebted for it to the Editor, to whom it was sent by some one who was
criticising the Pri-ze Competitions.
"I have looked over the prize contests in Modern Astrology since
they first began, with considerable interest, as I have seen the experiment
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
tried along those lines before. A lawyer was called upon, in a certain case,
to write an exact delineation oi a man's character from the man's actual
history, this lawyer having known the man from childhood. When the
delineation was written it was reviewed by those who had known the man
as well as the lawyer did, and it was seen to be a most exact and concise
summing up of this man's nature and character, with several strong hints at
past eventualities and a few dates mentioned closely to known events of his
history. It was so written that any person who had ever known the man
would have recognised this as a delineation of him before getting half way
through the manuscript. It was his portrait in English prose.
" But astonishing as it may seem, when the man himself was shown the
delineation and had read it thoroughly, he admitted that he had no idea
who it could refer to, and when told that it was of himself he strenuously
denied the whole thing, pointing out numerous places where the delineation
was exactly opposite to truth, as he saw it, and since the object of the lawye,.
was really to bring out the most sinister aspects of the character, and since
it construed the best qualities somewhat after the fashion of ' Mark Twain
humour ' the victim failed to recognise a single point of likeness to himself
in the whole of the delineation."
But what strikes me in this is that the cases are by no means parallel.
A prosecuting lawyer (as we may fairly dub him) reviewing a man's external
history and "exposing" his motives is not likely to evolve a sketch that
anyone would recognise as his own character, although of course one's friends
are more discerning ! Would you, reader, do you think, recognise yourself
as pourtrayed to a wondering jury by "counsel for the prosecution " ? I
fancy not. Apart from this, even, the cases are not parallel, for in the Prize
Competitions (so far as I remember) each "adjudicator" has confessed to
having the assistance of one or more friends in performing his adjudication.
But the main thing that strikes me is that the Competitions strive to
get at just what the lawyer did not—the native's inner self. And that is
why the native's own judgment is indispensable : he may not know his inner
self, it is true, but ccsteris paribus he is far more likely to than his friends or
fellow-workers are,—or even the Devil's Advocate !
And the aim of Astrology, as I understand it, is to get at the inner man.

Mr. Charles Frohman says that "an American in the theatre feelsfirst
and thinks afterwards. A European at a play thinks first and feels after-
wards. In conversation a German discusses sitting down, a Frenchman
standing up, an American walking about."—Evening Standard, Ws/'og.
 irounbaftons of ^frysxcal ^.strologg

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city lieth foursquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the West three gates. A nd the wall
of the city had twelue foundations. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gates thereof, and the wall thereof.
. . . A nd he measured the wall thereof . . according to the measure of
a man, andthe city was . . like unto clear glass. . . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rbv. xxi. 13-18.

Part XI. Practical Afplication of the Foregoing Results.

(171) We have thus arrived at a part of our subject where we

are enabled to test the truths of Astrology by actual physical measure-
ments, and this has been done with satisfactory results both in the
last section and §§ (156) and (157) when measuring the magnetic
force of the Sun; so that both the magnetic force and the electro-
motive force of the Sun as given by our equations agree with
observation. The magnetic force from the planets is too small to be
measured, but the potential due to the variation of this force is not,
and we may look to measurements of atmospheric potential for actual
proofs of planetary influences. By methods which are described in
this and succeeding articles the astrologer will be able to predic
beforehand the changes of electrical potential in the atmosphere, and
then test his results by actualobservation.
It may here be pointed out that Science at present is quite
unable to account for this electrical potential in the atmosphere, and
every theory propounded to explain it is pronounced unsatisfactory.
Writing in Nature (vol. 68, p. 103), C. T. R. Wilson says: "The
conductivity of the air increases in a sense the difficulty of the
problem of the origin of the earth's electric field. For it would seem
that the electric field in fine weather regions should rapidly diminish,
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
and in a few hours disappear ; there must he some process by which the
electric field is continually being regenerated."
The part of the above which we have put in italics amounts to
a definite statement that there is some unknown source which pro-
duces this atmospheric potential, and one of these sources, as we have
shown, is the motions of the heavenly bodies.
When this is definitely proved by calculation and experiment, as
perhaps it shortly will be, then Astrology at once becomes one of the
recognised physical sciences, and will be studied with avidity. For
its position when recognised at all, will not be a subordinate one, but
will take the lead over all the others, and the despised Cinderella of
the sciences will, as by the wand of a fairy godmother, be transferred
from the kitchen to the palaces of scientific research; and illustrate
once more the truth of the saying, " The stone which the builders
refused is become the head stone of the corner" (Ps. cxviii. 22).
(172) In order to obtain the voltage produced by each heavenly
body on any day, it will be seen from equation (199) that we need to
find the daily motions in seconds of arc a and b, in two consecutive
days. For this purpose the ephemerides used by astrologers are of
little use, since they give the longitudes only to the minute, whereas
we need the motions to the decimals of a second. Raphael's Ephemeris
has begun giving the daily motions of some of the planets, but except
in the case of the Moon this is also useless, not being accurate enough
for the Sun and planets. The English Nautical Almanack on the
other hand does not give the longitudes of the planets but only the
Right Ascension on the equator, and this not in degrees but in time.
The French Connaissance des Temps gives the longitudes, but only for
every two days and not for each day. It will be seen, therefore, that
none of the Almancks are altogether suitable for our purpose, but as
they are all that is available we must endeavour to adapt our equations
to one or more of them.
(173) To obtain the actual motion in seconds of arc the values
of a and b should be measured along the actual path of the body. In
the case of the Sun this path is the ecliptic ; this is not, however, the
exact path of any other body, though in the majority of cases it is
nearly so. To obtain the motion along the actual path would require
tedious calculations, and the result would differ so little from the
motion along the ecliptic that it would scarcely repay the trouble.
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 365
It should, however, eventually be undertaken by computers of
ephemerides. We must at present be satisfied with the measurements
of the motions along the path of the ecliptic; and for this purpose
the only Almanack available is the French Connaissance dcs Temps.
The longitudes therein are calculated for the meridian of Paris, but
since differences only are required this does not matter. These
differences, however, will give the motions in two days instead of one
day, so that the values of D for the planets in the table §(167) will not
be correct. Since acceleration increases tis the square of the time the
value of a ^ b will be four times as great when two-day intervals
are taken ; hence to obtain the same result we must multiply by J Z)
instead of D. This applies to the planets only, whose geocentric
longitudes in the Connaissance des Temps are given in two-day intervals ;
but the longitudes of the Sun and Moon are given for every day, so
that in their case D can be used. The following are the log. values
of J Z) for the planets and of D for the Snn and Moon. In the case
of the Moon and Mercury, it will be sometimes more convenient to
use the differences in minutes, instead of seconds, and this we can
do by multiplying J D and D by 5o. The log. value of this is given
for these two bodies in an adjoining column.
Log. value of Lop. value of
multiplier ^ D & D multiplier J D & D
for seconds of arc. for minutes of arc
MERCUHY 20169 i'7950
Venus a'soiS
Mars 22918
JtlPiTER I'8328
Saturn 1 911;
Uranos i'4i9t
Neptune i'5052
Sun I'4256
Moon 26372
(Jo be continued.)

" Gamma," the writer of the clever series of " Studies in Astrology " in
Theosophy in New Zealand, in a private letter says:—"The more I study
Astrology the more I see in it, and the more clearly I see how people are
true to their zodiacal type."
 ^trbiacftl artb fJIanftarg ©Entperaments*

(Series)

V. THE SIGN TAURUS

Perhaps the most familiar idea associated with the sign Taurus,
among modern astrologers at all events, is the idea of wealth, and the
appropriateness of this association is exemplified in the work before
us of attempting to formulate our ideas upon this sign. For the first
difficulty is supplied by the veritable wealth of material to hand,
wealth in its true sense not only of muchness but also of richness. The
multitude of ideas before us are for the most part too valuable to
admit of any being discarded, and too vital to admit of either prun-
ing or compression. And hence our real task is rather arrangement
and method of presentation than selection, rejection, or alteration.
This again is a Taurean state of things, for as we shall see later,
arrangement and method of presentation of that which is subjectively
an integral whole is a distinctively Taurean faculty.
In connection with this remark, it will be fitting at this point to
introduce the substance of a paper which deals with this especial
characteristic; the more so, since it will form a very satisfactory
basis from which to start, and will be found in a great measure to
supply a key to the characteristic habits and mannerisms of Taurus
people which will be presented in a more or less heterogeneous fashion
later on:
In an article by T. Subba Row upon the Twelve Signs of the
Zodiac, we are told that the second sign Rishabam (or Taurus), is a
word used in several places in the Upanishads and the V6das to mean
Pranava (A UM).
This has always seemed to me the most fundamental idea that I

• Note.—The first article of this series. " On the Meaning of Temperament."

appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154, and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 367

could obtain of the sign Taurus, viz., that it signified A inn, the
Universe as it existed in the mind of the Logos, perfect and complete,
in its subjective condition.
This inner perfection, and the consciousness of it,—not neces-
sarily a self-consciousness, be it noted, more frequently the contrary,
—supply (to my mind) an almost " Universal Key" to the Taurus
nature and its peculiar and predominant characteristics, viz.: Strength,
Reserve, Power of Song, and Beauty. And also to its two typical
vices, Dogmatism and Materialism, or a too great clinging to the
objective side of life.
The first four qualities are self-obvious and will need no enlarg-
ing upon, but I think it will be instructive to consider the reason
for the two vices named; since certain types of mind (and amongst
them my own) find much help in studying the extreme or lowest
manifestations of any principle, in order, by inverting the ideas
obtained, to arrive at correct notions of the higher manifestations.
Let us take first the vice of Dogmatism. Premising that the
Taurean is ipso facto cognate with some aspect of the " Aiun " or
ideal universe, we can see that he has within him the instinctive
consciousness of a perfected unity—however small it be. This
" local or provincial " unity (if I may so term it) he is only too apt
to confuse with the unity, the whole ; and therefore it is only
natural that—feeling the strong sense of a complete grasp and
thorough comprehension of that small fragment which undoubtedly
is his—he should take up a dogmatic attitude and " lay down the
law" about it. This instinct, true and proper in its rightful place,
may of course easily degenerate jnto a mere habit of pompous
speech, the inner certitude being no longer present. But if I have
made my meaning clear, the real cause of this proverbial tendency
will I think be understood.
The same consideration also shows us why the Taurean has a
natural instinct for perspective, in relation either to pictorial art or to
music—or to speech, for the same characteristics are displayed there;
accented words are put in the right place, and the voice rises or
falls in accordance with the flow of the thought. To use a very
expressive phrase, taken from the slang of artistic criticism, it is all
" in the picture." One of the finest elocutionists I have ever heard*
° Herr Ernst von Possart.
 36S MODERN ASTROLOGY

was, I am sure, a Taurus man, and that was the peculiar merit of his
declamation, namely that the presentation of the idea struck one as
a completed whole, a Thought made manifest in the Flesh. The
natural talent for oratory that is the almost universal birthright of
the Irish, a nation governed by the sign Taurus, will recur to the
mind in this connection.
The other marked characteristic that 1 spoke of, was that
innately practical tendency which is apt to develop, or rather to
degenerate, into the vice of Materialism. The reason for this is not
at first so obvious- Why, we are tempted to ask, should one who
has an inner conception of complete beauty, incline towards anything
so unbeautifiU (to say the least) as Materialism ?
The answer it seems to me is found in the reflection that Taurus,
being internally perfect, that is to say, perfect subjectively, has no other
Dharma or duty than that of objectivising its inner perfection.
Perhaps I had better explain here that by perfect 1 do not neces-
sarily imply a high degree of perfection in any absolute sense, but
only relatively to the particular grade of evolution reached by the
being in question. For example, a rule-of-three sum if correctly
worked is quite perfect, although it may be a very trifling performance
and of no merit in its accomplishment to those who have advanced
beyond that stage of learning.
This realisation of the all-importance of the objective world on
the part of the Taurean, will, I think, taken in conjunction with what
has been previously said, supply the master-key to the workings of
the Taurus nature. It shows us at once the real reason for its grasp
of financial matters; for in the practical work-a-day world nothing
can be accomplished without the "sinews of war"—indeed, the very
word " sub-stance" as applied to capital shows that it stands wider, or
forms the foundation of, the whole superstructure.
I have more than once expressed my opinion that Taurus is
peculiarly associated with the institution known as Free-Masonry.
The two attributes I have drawn attention to seem to corroborate
that view very forcibly. Firstly, Masonry is essentially an autocratic
institution, claiming to be founded upon an inner knowledge which is
complete and authentic. Secondly, its tendency is before all things
to be practical, hence it inculcates as a first duty, toleration towards
all, and Charity. Certainly no organisation could endure (and hence
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 369

be practical, in its very first essential) unless these two qualities were
made fundamental.
This association of Freemasonry with the sign Taurus is an
additional reason for introducing the above quotation thus early,
inasmuch as it will be instructive to observe whether characteristics
and faculties attributed to Taurus by subsequent writers are found to
signalise Masonry—not Masons, be it noted, but Masonry as an
institution. Undoubtedly the average Freemason exhibits many
Taurean qualities,—for one of which he is more distinguished than
esteemed! But it is clearly Masonry and not the Freemason that
the writer speaks of, and Masonry not as an organisation merely,
or as a cult, but as an idea, or even as a Principle—the cohesive
principle of building as opposed to the diffusive principle of non-
building, of coHStruction as distinguished from ofestruclion or tkstruc-
tion, or even reconstruction. In this sense, perhaps, many who are not
members of the Masonic Order may be said to be true Masons, while
some who are members of that Order must alas ! be pronounced as yet
uninspired by the real Masonic spirit.
The remarks of another writer on the sign Taurus dovetail neatly
at this point.
Viewed from the standpoint of astrological symbolism, a glyph
made up solely of the Circle and the Cross indicates some definite
relationship of spirit to matter. In one of the planetary symbols,
that of Venus, in which these two emblems and these two only are
conjoined, the circle is placed over the cross. In the Venus symbol
we have therefore a graphic representation of the exaltation of spirit
over matter, that is, of the unifying principle over the disintegrative;
or, in other words, the honouring of the universal or divine life which
ensouls and therefore makes one, all physical manifestations thereof.
Associated with Venus primarily, then, is the idea of making one, or
of joining; and the earliest effects of her influence upon an individual
are his turning away from the contemplation of himself and his con-
sidering the other self or selves with whom he wishes to unite or be
at one. Thus, if the Martian temperament is rooted in the idea of
separateness, then does its complement, the Venusian, spring from
that of union ; and if, to the Martian individual, the universe implicitly
revolves about the " I," no less implicitly, to the Venusian, does it
37° MODERN ASTROLOGY

revolve about the " you." And J^it is ^vith this conception of the
nature of Venus that I now propose, by a consideration of its glyph,
to regard Taurus as a Venusian sign, and therefore as an expression
of the Venusian temperament.
The Taurus glyph, consisting as it does of the semi-circle or
crescent joined to the circle, is a perfect symbol of the New Moon,
which means the conjunction of the Moon and Sun. In other words
it is a symbol of the junction of the lunar forces with the solar,
that is, of the magnetic with the electric. From a slightly different
point of view we may consider it as typical of the union of the positive
and negative, or masculine and feminine elements ; or as emblematic
of the welding together of the vital and functional, or inspirational
and executive powers.
In a word, it is the only true symbol of the perfect marriage. For
whether we regard it as representing the uniting of the higher and
lower self, effected by the Yogi ; or the wedding of the inspirational
and executive faculties inherent in the artist; or the union of
ideal man and ideal woman,^who are the natural complements the
one of the other;—or, to take°another case, the interpenetration of the
physical body by the etheric double ;—the union symbolised is never
an experimental one, but always irrevocable, there being in it no
possibility of estrangement or divorce nor of enmity whether open or
concealed.
That which in each of the |foregoing makes the union so indis-
soluble, is that the partnerdndicated by the form symbol contemplates,
not herself, but the other, who is to her the giver of life, the one from
whom she ever receives, and upon whom she ever relies.
We shall see that this is explanatory of three of the most
noticeable features of the^Taurean character.
First, its quality of faithfulness or absolute devotion to the ideal,
or to the out beloved, which is not only a marked attribute of the
average Taurean, but lacking which^there could be neither Yogi,
artist, nor perfect marriage.
Secondly, its characteristic of receptivity. For the native of
Taurus possesses an extraordinary ^assimilative capacity, and although
not necessarily sitting like Matthew of old at the receipt of custom,
nor receiving like the famous Caruso[hundreds of protestations of love
daily, yet in some form or other he is ever exercising the receptive
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS yjl
faculty. Indeed, if I were asked to differentiate between the positive
and negative Venusian signs merely by characteristic exclamations,
I should assign to Libra "I give you!" and to Taurus "You give
me!" It is in this respect of being the ideal recipient that the second
sign forms such a complete contrast toils complementary, the eighth ;
for while the dharma of Scorpio is to pay, and pay full price, for
everything, getting nothing on trust, Taurus has everything given
to or even forced upon it. The reason for this strange contrast is
apparent when we remember that the house which is normally
Taurean in a figure, namely the second, is of a karmic nature, show-
ing the particular instalment of that which is due to the native, and
which will during the current life be paid to him. If moreover
we reflect:—that according to the interpretation of the Nidanas
Taurus is one of the signs relating to the Past, and may be epitomised
as the "Fruit" of Past Existences; that a certain calculation
makes the position of the vernal equinox coincide with Taurus* at
the end of the Kali Yuga or Black Age, and the beginning of the
Satya Yuga or Golden Age; and further, that Isis Unveikd declares
the Taurean glyph to be the symbol of this Age of Gold; then we
shall still more easily see that the most remarkable attribute of
Taurus,—namely the power and destiny to receive good gifts—is quite
in accordance with the " fitness of things."
Closely examined, this quality of receptivity will be found to
coincide with what is ordinarily termed "inspiration"; for, in all its
higher forms, it is the veritable drawing in of the Life Breath.
As to the third characteristic, apart from its being clearly
suggested by our reflections upon the glyph, the co-existence of the
first two attributes, faithfulness or constancy, and receptivity, implies
that of the third—namely irresponsibleness. The following are only
a few of the many ways in which this latter quality manifests itself.
With the Taurus individual it is quite instinctive to regard credit
or blame as due, not to himself but to someone or something else.
" The woman whom thou gavest to be with me, she gave me of the
tree and I did eat," is a characteristically Taurean reply. Again,
when sensual Taurus is not self-consciously so, as is its complementary
sign Scorpio.

• The constellation, not the sign, is here intended.—Ed.

372 MODERN ASTROLOGY

This feeling of personal irresponsibleness comes out curiously in

the way the Taurus person looks upon himself in relation to his
family. The sense of indebtedness to one's forebears is with him a
primal instinct, and as merely a twig of the ancestral tree he fully
realises that although his family could do without him, he could not
do without his family. Should he desire to ingratiate himself with
you, he will refer you to the purity of his pedigree. Or, to ensure
himself an honoured reception, will offer as his credentials a copy of
the genealogical table of his family. The great point with him is
always that he comes of a good family. Not, mark, that his is the
only good family, nor the only family; the tribal instinct, or feeling of
clannishness, belongs exclusively to Cancer, and is that which keeps
alive the family feud, or the Border hatred ; since with the Cancerian
there is but one family in the world, and that his own !
If now we allow our minds to revert to the glyph itself, we shall
find that it symbolises this Taurean mental attitude with regard to
descent most strikingly. The crescent being the lunar glyph denotes,
of course, the chief Cancerian attribute—interest in the family. The
circle representing the Sun, the heart and centre of the solar system,
the King of this universe, signifies a lineage that is royal or at least
noble.
To recapitulate. It is the possession of these three Taurean
qualities,—namely, faithfulness or devotion to the out, receptivity or
inspiration, and irresponsibleness,—that enables one to see clearly
why the dharma of Taurus is obedience. And it suggests that our
English compilers of the Book of Common Prayer when inditing the
marriage ritual either were actually inspired, or else that they had in
their minds the ideal humanity. For to love, to honour, and to obey,
may be said to comprise the Taurean virtues in their completest form.
And, as I have said before, Taurus seems to me the sign of the
Perfect Marriage.
I will now endeavour to point out some of the ways in which the
glyph of Taurus symbolises the physical body of the same. The
perfect circle is contained by only one zodiacal glyph, that of Taurus.
Now the circle, considered as representing the Sun, is therefore
symbolical of the solar qualities of perfection, stability, universality,
and bliss ; and if so, then also of the three Taurean characteristics I
shall now enumerate and presently discuss.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 373

x. Beauty of the regular-featured, correct, or " classical " type.

2. Perfect health and therefore strength.
3. An expression that spells absolute content, unclouded joy; in
short, the being on the best of good terms, not only with oneself but
with everyone and everything.
Taking the first of these, I will begin by saying that Taurus
is never an "odd-faced" beauty. Its charm is neither subtle
nor illusive, its splendour is not meteoric, it has no attractions
that are of the tantalising or will-o'-the-wisp order. But it does
possess a beauty that is essentially normal and harmonious, a beauty
which for want of a better expression I will termsfawrfarrf beauty ; the
highest ideal of which has been given to us by the art of Greece, and
the best exemplification of which known to me is the Venus of Milo.
There is about Taurean beauty a superb "fs-ness," lifting it out of
the region of speculation and debate, and causing men everywhere to
accept it (as they do the world-famed Venus) as a model, and as a
standard by which all other beauty shall be measured. To it also
belongs the quality of perfect sanity, its mission being to satisfy, not
to bewitch men.
Coming to our second characteristic, few will dispute I think
that among all the signs of the zodiac the palm for health and strength
must he awarded to Taurus. Not only does it start with the grandest
vitality, but it possesses, all through, the freest access to the fount of
life. Therefore is it that this sign produces the finest magnetic
healers.
The third attribute is, I think, one that is even more distinctively
Taurean than either the first or the second ; for peculiar to the
Taurean face only is perpetual happiness and unruffled serenity.
Compared with its perfect and ineffaceable smile every other sign can
produce but a feeble imitation, since to the Taurus smile alone may
fitly be applied the expressive vulgarism, "the smilethat won'tcome
off." The eyes and mouth of any great singer at the moment of
greeting her audience express perfectly the joy and confidence, or
rather the perfect i"f//'-possession, so characteristic of the Taurean
look and smile.
Returning to the glyph once more : to regard it in reference to the
position of the semi-circle, and in its entirety, are the two other ways
of examining it in relation to the Taurean physical attributes.
374 MODERN ASTROLOGY
The exaltation of the crescent in the symbol shows of what
supreme importance are physical existence and functional activity,
and therefore it is that the beauty of Taurus is of the " fleshly " type,
as it has been termed; and also that, with a supply of life that is
practically inexhaustible, it is incumbent upon it (if only for the
body's sake) to use this vitality. Looked at from the health point of
view hard work is to Taurus more than to any other sign a positive
necessity, inactivity being with it nothing more nor less than a direct
invitation to fatal disease. For death is in this sign the result not of
a lack, but of an overplus of life.
The combination of the crescent and circle indicates the union of
the lunar and solar attributes, and hence of the Cancerian and
Leonine characteristics. We find, therefore, in the typical Taurean
all the fleshiness of Cancer with its accompanying magnetism and
grace, endued however with the mighty vim and vivified by the electric
fire of Leo. Indeed, Taurus may in this sense be described as " Gad
manifest in the jiesk."*
As outside testimony, in favour of the body of Taurus combining
in itself the physical characteristics of the luminaries, I submit the
following. In Oliver Wendell Holmes's Elsie Vernier, the hero,
when speaking of a beautiful girl (who from the description is mani-
festly Taurean) suggests that she feeds on " wine and musk, and
chloroform and coals of fire,"—a rhapsodical utterance which I think
well conveys the idea I have to express, though I do not wish to claim
these as even the ideal far less the actual diet of the native of this
sign! In the beauty of Taurus there is an opulence, a ripeness,
possessed by no other sign, which Jewish youth, German women, and
many of the Irish peasantry illustrate perfectly. If other examples
be sought, they may be looked for in the women portrayed by the
artist Albert Moore.
Finally, even without drawing upon the faculty of observation,
an examination of the glyph as a whole would convince one that not
from among the women of Cancer with their love of home and children,
not even from those of Sagittarius, with their marvellous child-

° It is not a little curious that these two writers, so different in most respects,
should both have hit upon the same phrase to express their conception of Taurus
(seep. 368I.—Ed.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 375

bearing capacity, but from among the daughters of Taurus—should

one choose the Eve, the ideal mother of a virile race.
The two following extracts from the Autocrat of the Breakfast Table,
though culled from the part dealing with the quality of the American
voice, incidentally afford a very faithful portrayal of Taurus, as
symbolised by the exalted crescent and the crescent and circle com-
bined : " I grieve to say it, but our people, I think, have not generally
agreeable voices. The marrowy organisms, with skins that shed
water like the backs of ducks, with smooth surfaces neatly padded
beneath, and velvet linings to their singing-pipes, are not common
among us." . . . " The second of the ravishing voices I have heard
was, as I have said, that of another German woman . it had
so much woman in it,—muliebrity, as well as fcmineity ;—no self-
assertion, such as free suffrage introduces into every word and move-
ment ; large, vigorous nature, running back to those huge-limbed
Germans of Tacitus, but subdued by the reverential training and
tuned by the kindly culture of fifty generations."
Before quitting the subject I should like to point out one respect
in which the sign Taurus is unique.
Taurus rules the throat, and also the neck. The neck is the
support of the head, upon which the latter turns and by which it is
indissolubly united to the lower part of the body comprising the
trunk and the limbs. It thus forms the basis of the intellectual or
moral understanding, just as the feet ruled by Pisces are the support
of the whole body and are therefore significant of the understand-
ing in its widest sense. And in this connection it may be mentioned
that according to a recent statement in a newspaper, a doctor declares
that no inmate of a lunatic asylum is ever found to have large and
well-formed feet, which circumstance certainly seems corroborative
of the association of Pisces with the understanding, since we are
accustomed to regard lunacy as the karmic retribution for sins due
to want of a true comprehension or understanding of spiritual laws
{see Modern Astrology, Vol. IV., New Series, p. 474).
Now if we consider the head, which is the ruling, controlling and
directive portion of the human organism, as representing the Divine
Nature in man, and the remainder of the body as representing the
Animal Nature, by means of which alone is he able to move about
and work in the world of physical matter, we see that Taurus,
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
the neck, represents to us the union of these two sides of human
nature, the Divine and the Animal. And when we consider that if
this union is severed in any way the man dies,—that is, he is no longer
capable of manifesting his consciousness upon this plane,—then the
fitness of the expression I have used as applicable to Taurus, namely
' God manifest in the Flesh,' becomes fully apparent.
Again, as we reflect that the head turns upon the neck, and
that it is turned to the right or to the left, up or down, by the muscles
of the neck, we see how closely associated this sign must of necessity
be with the moral nature.
Thus we reach this conclusion, that Taurus symbolises to us
the junction point of the Divine and the Animal; not, be it noted, the
Human and the Animal, or the Divineand the Human, but the God
and the Animal; the sublime and the practical; just as the Temple
has the joint office of directing our thoughts to holy things and
sheltering us from the storm. And further we see that if this inde-
feasible function be impeded, that is, if the neck be broken or the
throat be cut, the organism dies and the spirit deserts its tenement.
This function, in its totality, may be summed up in the one
expression TRUTH.
Truth we may define as a form or vehicle for a Divine Idea
which is adequate to give expression to it. A Great Truth is the
Divine Idea which includes the various divine ideas circulating in a
number of Lesser Truths, expressed in a suitable form, and thus may
in a sense be said to be composed of a number of living truth cells,
just as a body is composed of a number of independently living
cells united by a common life which at once holds together and
vivifies them.
Taurus therefore in the abstract stands for truth. In the
physical body, beauty and health are truth. In the emotions har-
mony, and in the mind mathematics, stand for Truth. In the Yogi,
bliss. Taurus stands for all these.
From what I have just said, therefore, it will be apparent that to
speak the truth and act uprightly is the first imperative necessity of
the spiritual life, for without it the body spiritual dies—its life departs.
In short, moral probity is the Doorway to the Temple, as it were,
the First Degree in the higher life.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 377

These two quotations have been made at this length because

they discuss principles rather than details, and because they form
suitable complements each to the other. A careful study will show
that they are not mutually exclusive, in spite of the fact that a hasty
reading might lead one to that view. Thus one writer speaks of the
sign (in elfect) as essentially self-contained and self-sufficing, while
the other lays stress on the tendency so often if not constantly to be
noted, of the Taurus person to lean on another or to look up to
another for light and guidance. But a thoughtful discrimination will
show that this is rather due to a difference of view-point adopted by
the two writers quoted, than to any essential looseness of observation
or unsoundness of conclusion.
The first writer is evidently dealing with the sign in the abstract
and with the Taurean as he exhibits himself apart from his relation-
ship to his fellows ; as in the case of the genius in art, or the Yogi;
one who is not, as in Libra, the seeker after union, the handicrafts-
man,—the wooer,—but one who has attained it, the genius, the
master. The second writer, on the other hand, while recognising this
possibility of complete self-union, and hence self-completeness, is
clearly not always speaking of those who have achieved it; (at least in
any more than a physical sense, as in those who possess physical
beauty). And therefore the remarks concerning the tendency of
Taurus to depend on others will not seem necessarily contradictory
to what has been said before, if these considerations are borne in mind.
The genius in art depends on his inspiration, but in his case the
inspiration is within himself and may therefore in a sense be said to
be himself. For assuredly he depends on no outer guide.
As the Nidanas have been referred to in the latter of the two
foregoing quotations, the following brief though fragmentary notes
upon the Nidana " Samskara " or Taurus may be helpful:—
Taurus, first of the fixed signs, is a negative, receptive, and
latent, division of the Zodiac ; as the Nidana Samskara it represents
the fruit of past existences, whether it be those of an individual or of
Humanity as a whole. In a word, Taurus represents Karma.
We are told that the human race passed through certain phases
of its evolution upon the Moon, and inthisconnection theexaltationof
the Moon in this sign becomes of interest. The Hebrew letter Vau
(-j) having the signification of " a link, a chain, a hook," shows the
378 MODERN ASTROLOGY

connecting link between two incarnations and is associated with

Taurus. These states or conditions from the past form the basis of
the present existence, the Virgin Matter, "the vehicle of becoming " ;
and so the Buddhist figured Samskara as a potter at work moulding
his vessels of clay. The fiery evolving force of Aries-Avidya unites
itself to Taurus-Samakara, Spirit to Matter, and so this conjunctive
phase ushers in the process of evolution wherein the unseen Potter
forms from the clay, stage by stage, the marvellous vessel of Aquarius,
the thrice-blessed Cup of the Holy Graal.

The Lunar Bull {Hamath Inscriptions, No. 5)

Again, in the glyph of the coiled serpent, to which allusion has
been made before, we see the constructive force of evolution, Fohat,
in its latent form, the mighty strength of which is well symbolised by
the Bull. In Accadian and Babylonian ideas the bull symbol is well
worked out. Ea or at other times Rimmon, the two phases of the
Third Person of the Trinity, is shown riding upon the Bull's back or
leading and guiding the animal in its work of ploughing the fields of
Evolution. Thus Rimmon (Rammanu) of Aquarius at a certain
stage begins consciously to control the forces of his own development.
Always in these old writings do we find an intimate connection
between Taurus and Rimmon of Aquarius under his variant names
of " The Very Exalted " and "The Very Glorious."
In many inscriptions the Bull's Head is figured with the fore-
limbs turned in the form of a crescent [seeillustration] and also in Egypt
the bull was crowned with the Lunar symbol.

{To be concluded
 379

®Ij£ Hffrosropc of Harro Haiffor

Probably most of our readers have read the " Reminiscences " of
Harry Lander, published in the Strand Magazine for April, igog.
It is there stated that he was born at Portobello, August 4th, 1870, at
about half past four in the morning. The following horoscope is
calculated for 5.30 a.m. G.M.T., or 15.18 a.m. true mean time, on
that date, andithe comments of our Editor which follow will be read
with interest.
Hot) SES
X. XI. [XII. I. II. III.
nis 9523 jt 21.42* 158 it
Planets
Q D 8 S <f ijiV £l
A 11.35 "19-M XI20.7 <DSI0.2 ®7.4 D19.5 7 22.19a> 9223.30 ^"21.501}. 9517.58
It will be noted that he was born under the sign Leo, with Mer-
cury exactly rising in conjunction withjthe ascendant. The positions
of Jupiter, Mars and Venus in the eleventh house show the number
of friends that he has, and the planets in the sign Cancer the popu-
larity he has obtained. But for his power of mimicry and ability to
distinguish himself upon the stage, we must look to the Sun rising in
the sign Leo, and the position of Mercury in trine aspect with
Saturn in the fifth house ; then again, the Moon in Scorpio in trine
to Mars and Venus would also give him the necessary approval of the
public, by which he could win much success.
It will be curious to note whether this comedian will maintain
his popular attractiveness during the operation of the Sun in square
aspect to Saturn, which is now approaching. But the fact that the
Mid-heaven is advancing to a conjunction with Jupiter will in all pro-
bability keep his name before the public, until the Mid-heaven is in
opposition to Saturn, which takes place a few years later. However,
students having this nativity before them, and an account of his life
as published in the Strand, will be able to watch this nativity with
increasing interest.

' It may be noted that taking M.C. en to measure to the native's appearance
before the king recently, the ascendant becomes rectified to A.26, the signification
of which by Charubel " is remarkably appropriate.
 380

Jhbietos

[The space available being exceedingly limited a long time has often to
elapse before Reviews can appear and we must ask authors and publishers to
forgive this unavoidable delay ; they are reminded that books not dealing with
Astrologv or allied subjects but with psychism, etc., are rather outside our sphere,
and that we cannot, consequently, always undertake to review them.—Ed.]

The Fantasy ok Peer Gynt: being Selections from the

Dramatic Poem " Peer Gynt," by Heinrik Ibsen. Done into English
Verse by Isabecle M. Pagan. [London: The Theosophical Publishing
Society, cloth, pp. 129, 5^ X ; price 35. bd. net.)
It may seem rather strange to write a " review " without having
read the book reviewed. This is done perhaps more often than we
think, but it is certainly not acknowledged with the candour just
shown.
That this is candour and not mere impertinence, I hope will be
apparent. I have read the " Introduction," and though I have not
time to read the general text before this review is required I hope to
show that the book is worth its price for the " Introduction " alone,
while its trenchant yet sympathetic remarks on the Art ofTranslating
poetry quite justify one in expecting that the translation of the drama
itself will be no less delightful.
The first eleven pages of the " Introduction " are taken up with a
valuable essay on the requirements of this art; and it is more
especially of this essay I take upon myself to speak, on the strength
of having contributed a new translation of Heine's " Loreley" to
those already existing because I thought none of them goorf enough to
be appropriate to the musical setting for which mine was designed.
When one comes to such a conclusion as this, in face of the work
of one's predecessors and superiors, it argues a very profound sense of
something lacking in their work—a profound sense, because nothing
less would stir one up to challenging criticism and laying oneself open
to a charge of presumption.
The essence of a good translation is that it shall read like an
original poem in the new language. For poetry, per se, is independent
of language, and therefore may be as well represented in one language
as another ; just as a beautiful woman will appear becomingly attired
whatever style of dress she may adopt, although there may be one
which suits her beauty rather better than the rest. Now it would appear
that the Spirit of Poetry seizes upon that poet whose native language
best befits the poem with which It is about to inspire him. In the
case of Peer Gynt that language was Norwegian and the poet, Ibsen.
The ideal translation therefore will be one made by a poet of equal
 REVIEWS

calibre, and one whose native language " next best " befits the poem.
In the work of translation many things must be changed; for the poem
is the spirit, and a literal translation is a dead translation.
These are partly my own reflections, it is true, but they run very
well alongside those of Miss Pagan, and they help us to understand
the temper in which she has approached her task ; sympathetic,
sensitive yet discriminating, always with a keen eye to the object of
the poem—to the effect intended by the poet—and realising that
what is needed in the translation is not an identical but a parallel
effect.
The second part of the " Introduction " consists of a " Key " to
Peer Gynt, supplied by Miss Pagan's own intuition, and expressed in
terms of Theosophical thought.
The whole introduction is valuable, and beautiful, and no reader
of Modern Astrology will need to be told that it is written in a
charming style. This much, then, for my review of the " Introduc-
tion," and let me hasten to add that so soon as time and opportunity
permit I shall give myself the pleasure of a careful reading of the
whole drama. Two or three extracts given in the introduction are
sufficient to show that Miss Pagan possesses not only fine poetic
insight, but also that gift of language without which poetic insight is
but an ideal unrealised.
Miss Pagan's version is intended for, or rather it would be truer
to say adapted for—it being quite as well suited for reading as sheer
poetry—dramatic presentation on the stage. The translator's personal
experience in stage-managing the first British performance (given in
the Queen's Hall, Edinburgh, on February 14th, 1908, under the
auspices of the Edinburgh Lodge of the Theosophical Society) has
enabled her to give valuable hints and suggestions to those who con-
template giving a stage presentation of the drama. Let us hope
many will be stimulated by her enthusiasm and example to do so.
H. R.

The Planet Vulcan : History, Nature, Tables. By L. H.

Weston. (Publishedat Portland, Oregon, February 1909. Price 50 cents.)
The Author of this little booklet is Professor L. H. Weston,
whose monthly " Astrolite" was reviewed on p. 518 of our November
issue. It contains a concise presentation of some of the evidence for
the existence of Vulcan, and certain observations of the transit of this
alleged planet across the Sun's disc—including one observed on June
25th, 1907, late in the afternoon in long. 136° W., lat. 46° N.
The sidereal period0
of Vulcan is given as i8,584 days and its
greatest elongation at 8 i7'. The tables given enable its zodiacal position
to be calculated by the expenditure of a small amount of trouble.
Some remarks are added upon the astrological nature of the planet,
which is stated to be "as the ancients claimed, combustible, fiery,
explosive, ethereal and tending to nullify the effects of all planets in
bodily conjunction with him (© $ excepted)."
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

The planet Vulcan here alluded to is not, it should be noted,

identical with the planet given that name by Mr. Sutclifle in his
pamphlet, Two Undiscovered Planets, reviewed in this magazine some
time ago (Modern Astrology, Vol. X., Old Series, p. 127). In fact
Mr. Weston's Vulcan is practically identical with Le Verrier's planet
of the same name, to which he gave a period of igh. ijd. And Mr.
SutclifFe discusses the evidence for this latter when giving bis reasons
for assigning a period of 46-1 days to his Vulcan.
By the way, Mr. Sutcliffe gives Lescarbault's observation of the
transit of "Vulcan" as January 26th, 1859, Mr. Weston as March
26th, 1859—an important discrepancy, which must tend to vitiate any
conclusions as to Vulcan's period into the calculations of which it
enters. Chambers's Handbook of Descriptive and Practical Astronomy
(John Murray, 1861) gives the date as March 26th, 1859. This seems
to indicate that March 26th is the correct date, and it would be inter-
esting to know if Mr. Sutcliffe based any of his calculations on the
former date, or if it is merely a printers' error in the copy of his
pamphlet that we have before us.
Those interested in this matter are recommended to procure both
pamphlets, and form their own judgment on the evidence presented.
They can be had at the office of this magazine, price 2s. and is. 6d.
respectively—and are both very well worth study.
A. H. B.

H. P. Blavatsky; An outline of her life. By Herbert

Whyte. [Price is. &d., is. 8d. post free.)
A great deal of mystery surrounds the name of Madame
Blavatsky : the fraud, charlatan, spy and magic worker as she is still
termed by those who know nothing whatever of the real H. P. B. As
one who knew her personally, the writer considers that she was the
most remarkable woman of the nineteenth century, who in the Secret
Doctrine gave to the world a priceless gem, the real value of which no
one can truly estimate.
The book just issued by Mr. Whyte gives a very clear outline of
her life. Personally, I am deeply interested in the photographs of
Madame Blavatsky taken at various periods of her life.
The book may be obtained from the office of Modern Astrology.
A. L.

[We are obliged to hold over several reviews that have been in print some
time,—Ed.]

"A man declares bis true self only in the motives he attributes to his
adversary."
 ICcttcrs to llje (Bbitor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is thesubject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (el that planetary positions, as
will as birth da la, should always be given where possible; and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness ? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes-
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

A Capital Suggestion
Dear Sir,
In reference to the new Astrological Society I venture to
make a suggesfion.
The average student is primarilj- interested (and in my opinion
rightly so) in his or her own horoscope and own experiences, seeking to
learn Astrology by comparing positions and aspects with character and
events. For most of us are, at present, frankly "personal"; and
that being so, as all will admit, there is no use in lamenting the fact
but rather in trying to see if any good can be got from it. And I
think there can.
It follows from what I have said that students are particularly
interested in those positions and aspects which they find in their own
horoscopes, and they are therefore pleased to come across other'
people who have the same position and learn how it operates in their
case. I remember in an old copy of Modern Astrology an article-
on the Moon in Capricorn, by a gentleman who himself had that
position ; he had collected a number of instances of other great men
who had the same position. I am not saying this to poke fun at him,
but only by way of illustrating my point: I myself for instance have
Mercury opposition Uranus and am especially drawn to Browning,
who had that position. But what I should like most of all would be
to discover someone with a horoscope as near as possible to my own,
and then find out the similarities and the differences; and I cannot,
help thinking this must be a very common wish.
What 1 have topropose, then, is this. (1) That the newly-formed
Astrological Society keep a register of horoscopes, and an index of
such a kind that reference can easily be made to all nativities having
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
etc
any given position—e.g., ? S - (2) That in consideration of a
suitable fee* a search of this register be made by the Society's Sec-
retary, and that the names and addresses of those people whose
horoscopes are the mosi similar to the enquirer's, be given to him, the
data of the horoscopes themselves not being divulged of course. (3)
The enquirer to be then at liberty to write to these people, upon the
understanding that he forwards a copy of his own nativity with his
first letter to each. The person approached will then be in a position
to enter into a correspondence with enquirer if he pleases to do so, as
he almost certainly will.
Such is the general outline of the scheme. You, Sir, will be able
to suggest any modification that may be necessary, but I do not think
there are any insuperable difficulties in the way. I even venture to
think it may develope into a useful means of adding to the Society's
funds, and (subject of course to the Editorial sanction) I invite any
who approve of the scheme—whether they intend joining the Society
or not—immediately to forward a copy of their nativity to the
Secretary so that there may be some idea how largely the scheme
will he supported ; for it is obvious that the more people are on the
Register the more valuable will it become, and the more satisfactory
each search to the enquirer. I am convinced that we should all like
to meet our astrological " doubles."
Yours faithfully,
Maffra.
[This strikes us as an excellent idea. Will those who approve it send
at once a copy of horoscope {preferably in the familiar form,
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
Oh <)'
as adopted in the competitions) to the
Hon. Sec., Astrological Society,
42, Imperial Buildings, E.C.,
mentioning this letter. No fee, of course, is required for registering in this
way. The half-crown fee suggested by " Maffra" would cover all ordinary
searches, such as the following:—all persons having 0 Dand Asc. respectively
in the same signs as enquirer.—Ed.]
[Several interesting letters held over.—Ed.]

Astrology as a Help to Authors.—E. C. C. writes: " I find Astrology

very useful in writing stories, especially in describing the mental characteris-
tics and in working out character."

* The fee would probably vary from 2s. Cd. to fi is. or upwards, according to
the amount of research involved.
iHntrrrn Ustrnlcigp

Vol. VI. SEPTEMBER, 1909. No. g.

New Sbries,

(B51tor's (iDbsfirfaator^

On the last day of June of the present year, in the Probate and
Divorce Courts, before Sir John Bigham and a special jury, a
verdict was pronounced in favour of the Leos,
" The who were the defendants in what has been termed
Astrolofgloal
Will Case" "The Astrological Will Case." Briefly put, Mrs.
Lee was the "illegitimate" daughter of Michael
Phillips, a Jew, who in 1883,—the year in which her mother, a
Christian, died—had made a will leaving her a life interest in his
property, then valued at ^80,000.
In May, 1893, Mrs. Leo made an unfortunate and remarkable
marriage, to a man who became a Jew for that purpose. This marriage
was annulled in the summer of the following year.
In September, 1895, Mrs. Leo* secretly married Alan Leo* for
the purpose of working with him in Theosophy and Astrology.
In 1897 Mr. Phillips, having been told of the marriage, ques-
tioned his daughter as to the truth of the report he had heard. On
her admission of the fact he grew angry, especially when he discovered
that Alan Leo was a Christian, and procuring the will of 1883
destroyed it in her presence, saying " You have pleased yourself; I
will now do something to displease you."
Mr. Phillips became reconciled to Alan Leo about Christmas,
1898, and in March, 1899, he made a new will, giving his daughter an
annuity of ^78: later, by a codicil, on February 13th, 1901, he
increased this annuity to £"95.

' Mrs. Leo's horoscope will be found on p. 179 of Practical Astrology (Revised
Edition}, and Mr. Leo's on p. x. of the Progressed Horoscope.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

In the month of February, 1903, he fell ill with thrombosis (a

blood clot in the leg), was assiduously nursed by Mrs. Leo, and,
recognising her love and devotion to him, on May 8th, 1903, he made
a new will, naming her as sole executrix, by which he left her the
whole of his property. It was this will that was contested by some
of his distant relatives.

The plaintiff, Mrs. Leah Amelia Levy, in her charges set out
that Mr. Phillips was of unsound mind when he made his last will,
that he was unduly influenced by Mrs. Leo, and
>^gabonds^ Mr-and Mrs. Leo were adventurers engaged
Impostors and in Spiritualism, Palmistry and Astrology.
Humbugs "II ■ a 1 a ■ \ ■ a
The case occupied four days m hearing and
turned upon the fact that the Leos were astrologers, Mr. Montague
Shearman, K.C., the plaintiff's counsel, contending that "the Leos
were the greatest possible humbugs, making their living by the
rankest kind of imposture."
Mr. Barnard, K.C., counsel for Mrs. Leo, contended that "the
other side had asked the jury to ignore the evidence and give a
verdict against the Leos because they happened to be connected with
Astrology," and that " the only question to decide was whether the
will of May, 1903, was duly executed when the testator was of sound
mind and understanding. After all it was a natural will for the
testator to make, being in favour of his owndaughter, andtheevidence
conclusively proved that the deceased was of sound business mind."
On the Judge's summing up the Jury found that the will of May
8th, 1903, was duly executed, that the testator knew of and approved
the contents, that he was of sound mind, memory, and understanding,
and that the execution of the will was not obtained by the undue
influence of Mrs. Leo or her husband.
*' *
On the plaintiff's attitude, and the evidence of her witnesses it
is unnecessary to comment, for at the outset they had followed a false
scent, but in regard to the insinuations of the
Knowledge plaintiff's
r
Counsel, and the apparent
c
bias and
verms Opinion
prejudice of the Judge, I must confess my amaze-
ment. It seems to me manifestly unfair for anyone in snch a position
to allow prejmiice and preconceived notions to affect judgment upon a
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY

matter that has no connection with a person's beliefs or mode of

thought.
Had the case gone against us it would have been difficult for
many to have retained their confidence in the Leos and their work,
for the majority are still largely led by the press and easily affected by
that public opinion which is merely the expression of the concrete
mind of the day.
** *
But if I had previously entertained any doubts as to the loyalty
of our friends, the telegrams and letters received after the result
was announced would have quickly dispelled
" Friends in them, and many were kind enough to say that had
need are friends
indeed" the result been against us they would have still
believed in [our integrity. I should like here to
place on record an experience that came to me on the second day of
the trial. I was feeling very bored, tired and uncomfortable in the
unpleasant environment of the Court when I became aware of a
beautiful peace surrounding me and all apprehension as to the result
left me, and with each day of the trial this increased, so much so that
when I entered the witness box I had not the slightest feeling of
resentment towards the cross-examining Counsel, although his in-
sinuations and questions were such as to make me look like a liar and
an impostor. The day after the case ended some of my closest friends
told me that they had sent me a constant stream of sympathy and
good thought to help me under the trying circumstances; so that I
had a very vivid realisation of the power of thought, and its uplifting
influence when properly directed.
* **
It is said that every experience brings its accompanying lesson,
and I have asked myself: What have I learned most by the part I
had to play in this law suit ?
Ignorance vnsus First, the great and vital necessity of educa-
Knowledge
ting the public mind as to the truth about Astrology,
for the lamentable ignorance of "learned Counsel " and Judges as to
Astrology and its actual place as a study makes it desirable that
they should know the truth and no longer consider everyone who
believes in Astrology to be a humbug and an impostor.
I have been told that it is not their fault that they discredit the
bona fides of astrological students, and that if I wish Astrology to be
388 MODERN ASTROLOGY
recognised as an art or a science I must do something to stop the
numerous charlatans who prey upon the ignorant and unwary, and
degrade it by pandering to the selfish instincts of those who cannot
think for themselves.
Secondly, one's principles have to be very strong to stand
against the contempt of those who do not understand the motives,
and integrity, of those who practise Astrology for the benefit of
others and in order to gain a wider knowledge by experience.
The office of professional astrologer is by no means as remunera-
tive as many are led to suppose, and until the public generally realise
the value of a properly delineated horoscope, the labour and mental
energy necessary to give an accurate judgment, they must expect to
find charlatans who make their harvest out of those whose expectations
exceed their commonsense.
* **
It is obvious to those who are interested, and sympathetically
concerned with the work I have conducted in connection with
Astrology during the past twenty years, that I
From Darkness have put more into it from a material standpoint,
unto Light
than I have taken out; and the events of May
8th, 1903, and their subsequent issue will no doubt explain to many
the marvellous output of Astrological literature from the office of
Modern Astrology during the past few years.
From the very beginning in the early part of 1890 it was a question
of " casting thy bread upon the waters," and although not wholly un-
expected from an astrological standpoint it has truly " returned after
many days," ttof in dollars, but in the undoubted satisfaction of seeing
ideals realised, and the assurance that every effort to raise and purify
Astrology from the degradation into which it had fallen has been
appreciated by all whose minds are " in tune with the Infinite."
The winning of this lawsuit has aroused the curiosity and inquir-
ing spirit of many with regard to Astrology. May it strike another
note of the great harmony that is beginning to sound forth over the
world.

Patience makes Kings.

 ®Ije £•«« as a (ttenlre of Jfttalifir

The whole solar system is truly the garment of the Logos, but
the Sun is His veritable epiphany, the nearest that we can come on
the physical plane to a manifestation of Him, the lens through which
His power shines forth upon us. Regarded purely from this plane
the Sun is a vast mass of glowing matter at almost inconceivably high
temperatures, and in a condition of electrification so intense as to be
altogether beyond our experience.
Astronomers, supposing his heat to be due merely to contraction,
used to calculate how long he must have existed in the past, and how
long it would be possible for him to maintain it in the future; and
they found themselves unable to allow more than a few hundred
thousand years either way, while the geologists on the other hand
claim that on this earth alone we have evidence of processes extending
over millions of years. The discovery of radium has upset the older
theories, but even with its aid they have not yet risen to the simplicity
of the real explanation of the difficulty.
One can imagine some intelligent microbe living in or upon a
human body and arguing about its temperature in precisely the same
way. He might say that it must of course be a gradually cooling
body, and he might calculate with exactitude that in so many hours
or minutes it must reach a temperature that would render continued
existence impossible. If he lived long enough, however, he would
find that the human body did not cool as according to his theories it
should do, and no doubt this would seem to him very mysterious,
unless and until he discovered that he was dealing not with a dying
fire but with a living being, and that as long as the life remained the
temperature would not sink. In exactly the same way if we realise
that the Sun is the physical manifestation of the Logos, we shall see
that the mighty life behind it will assuredly keep up its temperature
as long as may be necessary for the full evolution of the system.
A similar explanation oilers us a solution of some of the other
problems of solar physics. For example, the phenomena called from
their shape the 'willow-leaves' or ' rice-grains,'of which the photo-
39° MODERN ASTROLOGY

sphere of the Sun is practically composed, have often puzzled exoteric

students by the apparently irreconcilable characteristics which they
present. From their position they can be nothing else than masses
of glowing gas at an exceedingly high temperature and therefore of
great tenuity ; yet though they must be far lighter than any terrestrial
cloud they never fail to maintain their peculiar shape, however wildly
they may be tossed about in the very midst of storms of power so
tremendous that they would instantly destroy the earth itself. When
we realise that behind each of these strange objects there is a splendid
Life—that each is as it were the physical body of a Peva—we com-
prehend that it is that Life which holds them together and gives
them their wonderful stability. To apply to them the term physical
body may perhaps mislead us, because for us the life in the physical
seems of so much importance and occupies so prominent a position in
the present stage of our evolution. Madame Blavatsky has told us
that we cannot truly describe them as solar inhabitants, since the
Solar Beings will hardly place themselves in telescopic focus, but that
they are the reservoirs of solar vital energy, themselves partaking of
the life which they pour forth.
Let us say rather that the 'willow-leaves' are manifestations
upon the physical plane maintained by the solar Devas for a special
purpose at the cost of a certain sacrifice or limitation of their activities
on the higher levels which are their normal habitat. Remembering
that it is through these ' willow-leaves ' that the light, heat and vitality
of the Sun come to us, we may readily see that the object of this
sacrifice is to bring down to the physical plane certain forces which
would otherwise remain unmanifested, and that these great Devas are
acting as channels, as reflectors, as specialisers of divine power—that
they are in fact doing at cosmic levels and for a solar system what, if
we are wise enough to use our privileges, we ourselves may do on a
microscopical scale in our own little circle.
Another aspect of the Sun as the central figure of his system may
interest some students. In Oriental literature we frequently find our
system compared to a lotus-flower. Probably most readers think of
this merely as a flight of poesy, but it is in reality a much closer
simile than is commonly suspected. We have often read of the
Seven Planetary Logoi, who, though unquestionably great individual
Entities, are at the same time aspects of the Solar Logos—chakrams
 THE SUN AS A CENTRE OF VITALITY 39I
or force-centres in Him. It is not easy for us to understand how
these apparently contradictory statements can both be true, but such
is nevertheless the fact.
Each of these great living Centres or subsidiary Logoi has a sort
of orderly periodic change or motion of his own, corresponding
perhaps on some infinitely higher level to the regular beating of the
human heart, or to the inspiration and expiration of the breath.
Some of these periodic changes are more rapid than others, so that a
very complicated series of effects is produced and it has been
observed that the movements of the physical planets in their relation
to one another furnish a clue to the operation of these great cosmic
influences at any given moment. Each of these Centres has his
special location or major focus (if one may use such a term) within
the body of the Sun, and also a minor focus, which is always exterior
to the Sun. The position of this minor focus is always marked by a
physical planet. The exact relation can hardly be made clear in
our three-dimensional phraseology ; but we may perhaps put it that
each Centre has a field of influence practically co-extensive with the
solar system, that if a section of this field could be taken it would be
found to be elliptical, and that one of the foci of each ellipse would
always be in the Sun, and the other would be the special planet ruled
by that subsidiary Logos.
It is probable that in the gradual condensation of the original
glowing nebula from which the system was formed, the location of
the planets was determined by the formation of vortices at these
minor foci, they being auxiliary points of distribution of these influ-
ences—ganglia, as it were, in the solar system. It must be under-
stood that I am referring here to the real planets which revolve round
the Sun, not to that curious astrological theory which considers the
Sun himself as a planet.* All the physical planets are included
within the portion of the system which is common to all the ovoids ;
* The Sun is included among the planets in astrological terminology for conveni-
ence, and it is only in this sense that the Sun is treated as a planet. The position
of the Sun in the Zodiac is determined by the place of the Earth in its orbit,
[see Chapter XVI., on " The Real Zodiac " in Astrology for All, Part //.. or Modern
Astrologv for June, 1908]; so that, in a sense, the astrological " Sun " may be said
to be really the planet Earth.
Hut even this is not stating the truth exactly. It would seem as though it is
impossible to make quite clear to those who are not students what is the precise
sense in which the Sun is treated as a planet in Astrology. It may be 3aid to
stand for the positive life force of the Earth.—Ed.,M'.A.
392 MODERN ASTROLOGY

so anyone who tries mentally to construct the figure will see that
these revolving ovoids must have their projecting segments, and he
will therefore be prepared to understand the comparison of the system
as a whole to a flower with many petals.
Another reason for this comparison of the system to a lotus is
even more beautiful, but requires deeper thought. As we see them,
the planets appear as separate globes; but there is in reality a con-
nection between them which is out of reach of our brain-consciousness.
Those who have studied the subject of the Fourth Dimension are
familiar with the idea of an extension in a direction at present
invisible to us, but it may not have occurred to them that it is
applicable to the solar system as a whole. One may obtain a sugges-
tion of the facts by holding the hand palm upward, bent so as to form
a kind of cup, but with the fingers separated, aud then laying a sheet
of paper upon the tips of the fingers.
A two-dimensional being living on the plane of that sheet of
paper could not possibly be conscious of the hand as a whole; he
could perceive only the tiny circles at the points of contact between
the fingers and the paper. To him these circles would be entirely
unconnected, but we, using the sight of a higher dimension, can see
that each of them has a downward extension, and that in that way
they are all parts of a hand. In exactly the same way a man using
the sight of the fourth dimension may observe that the planets, which
are isolated in our three dimensions, are all the timejoined in another
way which we cannot yet see; and from the point of view of that
higher sight these globes are but the points of petals which are part of
one great flower. And the glowing heart of that flower throws up a
central pistil which appears to us as the Sun.
We all know the feeling of cheerfulness and well-being which
sunlight brings to us, but only students of Occultism are fully aware
of the reasons for that sensation. Just as the Sun floods his system
with light and heat, so does he perpetually pour out into it another
force as yet unsuspected by modern science—a force to which has
been given the name vitality. This is radiated on all levels, and
manifests itself upon each of the planes, but we are specially con-
cerned for the moment with its appearance upon the lowest, where it
enters the physical atoms, immensely increases their activity, and
makes them animated and glowing.
 THE SUN AS A CENTRE OF VITALITY 393
We must not confuse this force with electricity, though it in
some ways resembles it. The Logos sends forth from Himself two
great forms of energy; there may be hundreds more of which we know
nothing ; but at least there are two. Each of them has its appropriate
manifestation at every level which our students have yet reached ;
but for the moment let us think of them as they show themselves on
the physical plane. One of them exhibits itself as electricity, the
other as vitality.
These two remain distinct, and neither of them can at this level
be converted to the other. They have no connection with any of the
Three Great Outpourings ; all of those are definite efforts made by
the Logos; these seem rather to be results of His life—His qualities
in manifestation without any visible effort. Electricity, while it is
rushing through the atoms, deflects them and holds them in a certain
way—this effect being in addition to and quite apart from the special
rate of vibration which it also imparts to them ; vitality charges the
atoms, and temporarily remains within them, making them brilliant
and active.
This vitality is absorbed by all living organisms, and a sufficient
supply of it seems to be a necessity of their existence. In the case of
men and the higher animals it is absorbed through the chakram, or
vortex in the etheric double, which corresponds with the spleen.
Students of the occult are familiar with the fact that in each of the
various bodies or vehicles of man there are chakrams, and that they
are the centres at which force from above enters into those vehicles.
Those belonging to the physical body are visible on the surface of the
etheric part of that body as circular depressions or vortices, whence
the name chakram or wheel; and they are often described by the
name of the organ in the body to which they happen to be nearest.
When atoms charged with vitality are thus drawn into the etheric
body of a man, they undergo certain changes which it will be well
for us to follow. As they approach they are glowing with ordinary
white light—that is to say, all their seven minor coils are in vivid
activity ; but immediately upon their entry into the chakram some of
their luminosity disappears because it is broken up into its component
parts, just as a sunbeam is by a prism. Most of that quality of
energy which corresponds to the more rapid colour-vibrations is at
once absorbed into the finer parts of the etheric double, flashing
394 MODERN ASTROLOGY
through the vehicle practically instantaneously and giving to it its
distinctive violet-grey hue, while that corresponding to the lower part
of the spectrum is divided into separate streams and distributed to
various centres in the body. Roughly speaking, the spectrum of this
vitality seems to divide itself into five rather than into seven, the
colours noticed being violet, blue, green, yellow and rose.
After these deprivations the types of vital energy still remaining
in the atoms cause a rosy glow instead of the original white light, and
in that condition they are swept into the nervous circulation—carried
round the body in that stream of etheric matter which is constantly
flowing along the nerves, just as the blood flows along the arteries.
In their passage the physical cells absorb from them the rest of their
vitality, and when they are finally cast out through the pores of the
skin they are almost colourless, showing only a pale bluish tint.
The cells, apparently, can obtain what they need only when the
preliminary process of absorption of the higher type of energy has
already taken place, and if the machinery of the etheric body works
slowly or inefficiently the physical cells lose their customary nourish-
ment. Sometimes the vortex does not absorb enough of the vitality ;
in others it fails to break it up properly into its component parts. In
either case the cells go hungry, and often the readiest way to feed
them is to supply them from without with the special kind of vitality
which they need. A man in robust health usually absorbs and
specialises much more of this vitality than is actually needed by his
own body; and by an effort of his will he can gather together this
superfluous energy and pour it into the body of his weaker fellow.
If this is not done the body often makes an effort to help itself.
It has a certain blind instinctive consciousness of its own, corre-
sponding on the physical plane to the desire-elemental of the astral
body; and this consciousness seeks always to protect it from danger
or to procure for it whatever may be necessary. This is entirely
apart from the consciousness of the man himself, and it works equally
well during the absence of the Ego from the physical body during
sleep. All our instinctive movements are due to it, and it is through
its activity that the working of the sympathetic system is carried on
ceaselessly without any thought or knowledge on our part. While
we are what we call awake this physical elemental is perpetually
occupied in self-defence; he is in a condition of constant vigilance,
 THE SUN AS A CENTRE OF VITALITY 395
and he keeps the nerves and muscles always tense. During the night
he lets the nerves and muscles relax and devotes himself specially to
the assimilation of vitality, and the recuperation of the physical body.
He works at this most successfully during the early part of the night,
because then there is plenty of vitality, whereas immediately before
the dawn the vitality which has been left behind by the sunlight is
almost completely exhausted. This is the reason for the feeling of
limpness and deadness associated with the small hours of the morn-
ing ; this also is the reason why sick men so frequently die at that
particular time. The same idea is embodied in the old proverb that
" An hour's sleep before midnight is worth two after it." The work
of this physical elemental accounts for the strong recuperative
influence of sleep, which is often observable even when it is a mere
momentary nap.
This vitality is indeed the food of the etheric double, and is just
as necessary to it as is sustenance to the grosser part of the physical
body. Hence when the body is unable for any reason to prepare
vitality for the nourishment of its cells, this physical elemental
endeavours to draw in for his own use vitality which has already been
prepared in the bodies of others ; and thus it happens that we often
find ourselves weak and exhausted after sitting for awhile with a
person who is depleted of vitality, because he has drawn away from
us the rose-coloured atoms before we were able to extract their energy.
On the other hand a man in vigorous health draws into himself and
breaks up so much more of this energy than his body actually needs
that he radiates a torrent of rose-coloured atoms, and so is constantly
pouring strength upon his weaker fellows without losing anything
himself.
The vegetable kingdom also absorbs this vitality, but seems in
most cases to use only a small part of it. Many trees draw from it
almost exactly the same constituents as does the higher part of man's
etheric body, the result being that when they have used what they
require, the atoms which they reject are precisely in the rose-coloured
state which is needed for the cells of man's physical body. This is
specially the case with such trees as the pine and the eucalyptus;
and consequently the very neighbourhood of these trees gives health
and strength to those who are suffering from lack of this vital
principle.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
Vitality, like light and heat, is pouring forth from the Sun con-
tinually, but obstacles frequently arise to prevent the full supply from
reaching the earth. In the wintry and melancholy climes miscalled
the temperate it too often happens that for days together the sky is
covered by a funereal pall of heavy cloud, and this affects vitality just
as it does light—that is, it does not altogether hinder its passage, but
sensibly diminishes its amount. Therefore in dull and dark weather
vitality runs low, and over all living creatures there comes an
instinctive yearning for sunlight.
When vitalised atoms are thus more sparsely scattered, the man
in rude health increases his power of absorption, depletes a larger
area, and so keeps his strength at the normal level; but invalids and
men of small nerve-force who cannot do this often suffer severely,
and find themselves growing weaker and more irritable without
knowing why. For similar reasons vitality is at a lower ebb in the
winter than in the summer, for even if the short winter day be sunny,
which is rare, we have still to face the long and dreary winter night,
during which we must exist upon such vitality as the day has stored
in our atmosphere. On the other hand the long summer day, when
bright and cloudless, charges the atmosphere so thoroughly with
vitality that its short night makes but little difference.
From the study of this question of vitality the Occultist cannot
fail to recognise that, quite apart from temperature, sunlight is one of
the most important factors in the attainment and preservation of
perfect health—a factor for the absence of which nothing else can
entirely compensate. Since this vitality is poured forth not only upon
the physical plane but upon all others as well, it is evident that, when
in other respects satisfactory conditions are present, emotion, intellect
and spirituality will be at their best under clear skies and with the
inestimable aid of the sunlight.
C. W. Leaddeater.
Reprinted by permission from the " Thcosophist."

Man creates both bis god and his devil in his own image. His god is
himself at bis best, and his devil, at his worst.
 397

^eubulattou (tub (Bbohition

Under tliis title the Westminsler Gnzetle of May ist has an article con-
cerning a new theory of the world's growth. The writer says: "German
professors are still summing up Darwinism from various points of view. In
this connexion great prominence is being given to the theory of pendulation,
which was advanced about a year ago in a ponderous work by Dr. Heinrich
Simroth, Professor of Zoology at Leipzig University. Primarily this theory
of pendulation related alone to the domain of physics, and had nothing to
do with the development of the organic world. It has only lately been
given that extended application. According to Professor Simroth, pendula-
tion, which is the periodical oscillation of the earth's axes, or the periodical
shifting of the Poles, explains nearly every observed fact in the development
and distribution of all animals, from the lowest organism up to man himself.
. That the earth's Poles change their position is, of course, not a
new discovery. But Hcrr Reibisch, I believe, gave a new form to this fact
in calling the movement of the Poles 'pendulum movements,' the North
Pole, as a fact, swinging along a fixed meridian to a definite latitude soulh oj
the Equator, [italics ours.—Ed.] and then swinging back through the opposite
hemisphere. This, of course, involves a periodical change of climate, and
explains the/ormer gluciutioii 0/ now teuipernle zones and such phenomena as the
coal measures recently discovered by Lieutenant Shackleton within a short distance
oj the South Pole [italics ours again]. According to Herr Reibisch, it explains
also the present distribution of land and water. As the positions of the
Poles and of the Equator change, the centrifugal forces which determine the
polar flattening and equatorial prominence shift also, and the first result of
such a change must be the rising or falling of the sea.
" This, says Herr Reibisch, is the cause of the emergence of some islands
and continents, and the subsidence of others. It explains at the same time
such phenomena as raised beaches (which Lieutenant Shackleton also
found near the South Pole) and the existence of petrified fish thousands of
miles inland. According to this theory the rigidity of the earth would
preventits solid substance changing form as rapidly as does the contour of
the sea under the influence of the displaced centrifugal force, but it would
change form gradually. Professor Simroth bas elaborated this part of the
pendulation theory at some length, and explains by it the changes in sea-
coast levels which have taken place in Europe within the memory of living
men. . .
 ^notijer Human Document

Our readers will remember that in Modern Astrology for

November, igo8, there appeared a" human document"— a horoscope,
with a personal ' confession ' of tastes and idiosyncrasies given by the
native herself. The present contribution is also a " human document,"
but in rather a different way.
But we will let it speak for itself. The names, of course, are
fictitious. Footnotes (numbered) are by the Sub-Editor.
I, James Augustus Briggs, happen to be one of those types of
men in whom the domestic instincts are deep and the need of the
comradeship of one of the fair sex almost an absolute necessity; to
do my best work I must1 have an affectionate and interested
companion who believes in and is interested in me and my aspirations.
When about 20 years of age I first became engaged to be married
to a girl who jilted me in May, 1883. On March 9th, 1886s—after
two years' engagement—I married my first wife. She gave birth to
a son December 28th that year, and soon after developed consump-
tion and died January 8th, 1889.' I next married on February 10th,
1892.4 Two children resulted from that union, one born August 13th,
rSgs—a boy, and a'girl born November 9th, 1897.
Until about 1895 I was consistently and strictly orthodox in
faith, and my wife and her folks were very proud of the fact that I
was the only man in the family strict in church attendance and work
for church and Sunday School. But early in iSgs61 drifted out upon
the sea of agnosticism, and while this in a measure distressed my wife
and her folks it roused no special antagonisms. But in 1899' I
stumbled upon Astrology and began to greedily devour and absorb

1
Ruler in Libra, 5 rf cusp of 7th. 5 Progressed aspects as given below ;
(progressed positions except where otherwise marked) : J)*? ; 0*1?. 'VAljl-
s
j) sep. □ ? ; (time of prog. hor. at date = hooh G.M.T.). i
J) Sep. a s , appl.
S V : 1 i t. 6j)tfS:<fA0. 6 503/:? appl. rf 0. 'jjraTy?/.
in X. (home of marriage partner) a j) in VII. (asc. of partner). 0 5 * 1)1, app. A O.
10
18
O □ J) r.. Ijt r. 11
j) sep. 7\ il), app. . la
S A <f ; lunar aspects as in
'? • " S sep. s iy. appl. * iz : ]) sep. S <f. appl. d it : (note that J is
ruler of XI. and If ruler of VII. in radical horoscope). 14 J) / ? •
 ANOTHER HUMAN DOCUMENT 399
much of its essential philosophy—which gave me a Key to a deeper
meaning and significance in all the Church had taught than any I had
ever known.
As an agnostic I had not deliberately opposed my wife in her
attendance upon religious services, etc., but I was lukewarm, or
indifferent. I respected her sincerity—knowing that when I was a
member of the church I was intensely sincere; but I then felt that she
ought to see as well as I did that all that the church taught was not
truth and that there was much truth the churches refused to recognise.
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
(1) Jamis r. n 19 as 23 A 24 'IP2I iil6 m. 16
(*) p. ( = g/i/'og) si 3 np 6 - 5 *=28 11126 728
(3) r. np 3 =* 5 HI 0 1421 7 21 V327
(4) P- ( = 2211 fog) ^ 7 III 5 III 27 7 16 W2I X 1
(5) William x.' ^20 ill 16 7 7 7 27 - 5 X 16
(6) P ( = 3/3/09) 11120 7 12 W 3 V3 26 X 12 T22
Planets
O D 5 <7 V ■?
(1) ill 9.38 K20.35 ^27.32!^ ill O.IO T 6.56!^ ^14.40 -a 1.10 £120.111}. T 1.31 117.55
(2) 726.23 11118.20 723.53 728.12 T16.50D. ^23.1 ^ 4.52 1118.241^ T i.6St. 715.28
(31 724.51 vs 2.18 w 1.30 ia20.53 14,10.56 715.32 x 2.52 fi24.3815. « 2.43 K14.47
(4) ^27.34 =29.19 =13.5581. V3 0.36 7 1.51 722.29 K 5.42 ^123.42!). » 2.3iSt..wi3.6
(5) Jl 6.22 722.30 np 3.20 nj!2I.I2 B 3.43 XII.27!^ •iri5.47fk "P 2.47 812.0 V324.13
(6) up 4.47 V324.35 ^127.515. ^7.58 W 19.13 X 8.8I5. Ti4.58^. tip 4.36 8 12.21). V322.38
But very shortly after gaining a comprehension of the innate philo-
sophy of Astrology I realised that my wife evidently needed and was
entitled to all the experience she could get out of her devotion to her
church, and in accord therewith I on her birthday on May 27th,
1899,1 presented her with a church prayer book and hymnal—such
as she had long wished for, and with it a letter promising her that
whenever she desired to attend any of the church services that it
would be my pleasure to take care of the children, etc. I mention
this as just one evidence out of many to show how this new philosophy
altered my course in life, not only with my wife but with all persons
with whom I came into contact. The following Lenten season after
the date above mentioned I kept true to my promise and my wife was
enabled to regularly attend almost all the special Lenten services, and

* Hour of birth only nssiiiucil to be correct, may be a little earlier or later.

400 MODERN ASTROLOGY
at the close of that season she expressed her pleasure by saying that
never before had she so fully enjoyed the devotions of that most
sacred season of the Episcopal Church.
My horoscope showed very positive evidences of a break-up of
home and family,8 and it was my sincere hope that by pursuing this
pacific policy such a much-to-be-dreaded event might be evaded. But
strange to relate, the very fact that I had found a really satisfying
faith that transcended the orthodox beliefs that I had outgrown was
the cause of generating all sorts of petty antagonisms among my
wife's kin, and these finally terminated in our parting on March 25th,
1902.° It was my hope that the parting would be but for a very
short time—fondly believing that at heart she was true and when once
she realised the awful consequences of her treatment of me that she
would relent and throw off the influence of her kin and welcome me
back. To the end of effecting a reconciliation I strove by all
means that to me seemed reasonable and finally, in February, lgo31I,
1 deliberately put myself in the way of my wife—entering my home
and telling her that the only way she could get rid of me was to have
me locked up and to keep me locked up, and that as she could not
prove any criminal charge against me that she would have to get
mc placed in a lunatic asylum. She tried hard to persuade me to go
away and leave her alone, but I would not, and she was finally
compelled to have me put away as I had said she must.
Upon my commitment to the institution I told the superintendent
that there were but two ways in which I would consent to a discharge
from that place, the one being that my wife would repent and herself
choose to defy her folks and take me out, the other being that I be
given an absolutely unconditional discharge. The doctors laughed at
me and said I would likely stay there all my life if I held to that
resolve, but after submitting my wife to a series of tests by which I
became convinced that a renewal of the former relationship was
neither possible nor desirable, I turned my attention on the authorities
of the N.Y. State Institution where I was confined, and, single-handed,
without any help or influence from the outside, aided by my know-
ledge of human nature and my ability to co-operate with the planetary
influences, I compelled them to grant me the discharge on the terms
I dictated—after they had tried their best to persuade me to accept
a parole discharge, and the attendants in charge had afforded me
 ANOTHER HUMAN DOCUMENT 4OI
many an opportunity to escape from the place. I left there July and,
1903."
On the evening of July 8th,111 met at the home of my brother a
young woman I had never heard of before, and my brother suggested
that I cast her horoscope, and as I happened to have my ephemerides
with me I did so. To say that she was astonished at what I told her
of her character and past experiences would be to state it very mildly.
A few days later I looked over the horoscope and discovered many
points in which it sympathised with my own. As she was born with
Venus just rising in Scorpio squared by Uranus near the M.C., it
followed that her Venus love nature had caused her early to be led
from the path of strict virtue—she craving affection, being denied it in
her home. Her mother had died during her infancy, her father was
a drinking tyrant, and for years she had been knocked about in miser-
able environments; at last her father married a bigoted religious
woman whose goodness was worse in its tyranny than the loose
character of those who had her in charge before this marriage. But
with her Sun in Sagittarius and close trine to Uranus she was
absolutely unpurchasable in her affections and could not be induced
to make merchandise of her sex, so that although she had been pro-
miscuous in her affections she only yielded to those she respected and
because they were kind to her.
At the time I met her she had for some time been lodging with
my brother, having rebelled at the tyrannical restrictions put upon
her by her father. She was being spoken of in very unpleasant ways,
by even her closest friends, and I was told many damaging things about
her—but I had confidence that all her past errors were chiefly due to
a heart hungry for loving confidence and that because of her mistakes
and the consequent suffering she would be lastingly grateful to one
who would treat her decently. So I arranged to meet her and have
a long chat with her on the evening of July 17th, in which I said to
her in substance what follows:
" You are down and out—without money, friends, or reputation.
The chief reason for your plight is that you have placed your confi-
dence and love in those not able to appreciate or reciprocate it. I
also am down and out, without reputation, friends or money. We
both need the comradeship of one who will believe in and respect the
other. Suppose we try to furnish for each other this one thing need-
402 MODERN ASTROLOGy

fill, making no binding pledge of love, only so long as we find it

mutually agreeable to walk together we will be companions and try to
learn together the deeper meanings of Life ? "
We accordingly started off together on the morning of July 22nd,
1903." From the start our union was a most happy one, though
right from the beginning we had poverty to contend with—she took a
job as table girl in a summer resort hotel a few weeks after, as my
health suddenly became very poor, and for over five years we passed
through many strange vicissitudes, but always sweetly happy together
until the late summer and fall of the year just closed—1908. She
was frequently complimented by conventionally married people where
we happened to lodge—(we passed as man and wife)—who expressed
the heartfelt wish that they and their husbands could get on as har-
moniously as we did. On February 4th, igoy," we moved into a little
house in a suburb of Philadelphia—near Berlin, N.J.—and with a
very small and crude outfit we furnished only two rooms of that house
to start with ; and poor and crude as the furnishings were, we were
supremely happy in this first realisation of the long desired begin-
nings of a little " Home." After we had settled in this " Home " I
made it my especial business to send an express invitation to a young
friend, William K. Younger, Jr., asking him to be the first to visit us
in this our " Home." He did so and in the letter he wrote after the
visit he expressed heartfelt appreciation of my hospitality, wished us
all possible happiness in the home and said he hoped he would some
day find as devoted a companion as I had. After that he became
a regular visitor, coming out every two weeks on Saturday afternoons
and remaining over Sunday. He had many of the faults of youth
and I exerted myself to help him correct them, he always telling me
that he only wished that his father had taken as much interest in
correcting him as I did. My sympathies were aroused in his behalf
more particularly because his father was a negro and he showed just
enough of the colour to make it dilficult for him to be admitted to the
sort of society he craved. I did all I could and encouraged Alice—
my " chum "—to do all she could to contribute to his comfort, even
to doing mending and laundry work for him, etc. Last summer—
August, igo815—he was suddenly thrown out of employment and I
invited him to make his home with us until he got back to wcrk so
as to save the expense of board and other heavy costs of living in the
 ANOTHER HUMAN DOCUMENT

city. Here let me state that he had been interested in, and had experi-
mented in, psychic matters, suggestion, etc., and claimed ability
to influence anybody to do as he willed, though protesting that he
would never use this power in a wrong manner. I paid little atten-
tion to this, and never for one moment suspected that he would use
his devilish powers to alienate from me the affections of my little
"chum"—who washerself so weak in volition that she easily responded
to anyone who flattered her with kindness, etc. But he did it. I
discovered the duplicity on October 20th. But though she was hope-
lessly in his power she would not leave me abruptly for him—being
anxious to stick to me and assist me to attend to neglected work that
had been put off while under the stress of conditions leading up to
the open rupture. She thus stuck to me until November 13th,
at 11 a.m., when with Uranus rising she left me and went to
him.
Now I am anxious to secure the careful consideration and
candid opinion of astrological students, for I recognise that I am
all too likely to give undue weight to those factors that favour
me. Let me here state that this fellow gained his power over Alice
by systematic suggestions, casting all sorts of suspicions on my acts,
motives, etc., and appealed to her vanity, her love of music, her
ambition to develope some psychic powers, etc. In short he led her
to believe that with him her life would be one grand, sweet song.
But I know that the last dollar he had saved was spent some time
since, he has not been able to obtain any employment, and has taken
her to live on the farm owned by his father, agreeing with him to
take up farm work in the spring. This home of his — by his
repeated testimony—is a jangle of discord, bickering, etc.; he never
could get on in harmony with his parents, and he has such shallow
ambitions to shine in city society, and such an inborn hatred of farm-
work, that neither he nor she can by any possible stretch of the
imagination be content there.
It is my conviction that Alice will return to me—probably near
the end of February or early in March, and that as the result of this
sad experience she will have far greater faith in me and be more truly
devoted even than she was before—though I anticipate that the
passing of her Moon by progression over the place of the radical and
progressed Saturn will bring about a period of illness, or at least
^04 MODERN ASTROLOGY
remorse. But for full twelve years to come the general directions
in her horoscope and mine are very nearly alike.

The writer of the foregoing singular and withal pathetic document

is anxious to know if other students of Astrology, whose judgment is
less liable to error through strong feeling than his own, share his con-
viction that Alice will in a short time return to James. Those who
wish to arrive at an independent decision in the matter should copy
out upon some map-forms the data given, adding the aspects at foot;
writing the planets' places in red ink is a great help to the eye. We
shall be glad to have opinions, with reasons for judgment, concisely
expressed {postcards only, please).
It may be of interest to point out what appear to be the chief
attractions :
Alice's James's
S (ruler) = Q
A [ice's William's
O = j)
j) = Asc. (approx.)
% = e
•? = sw
William's 1 James's
? (lady V.) I = Asc.
„ X. ]
These are the chief points of attachment in the radical figures,
but many more will be noticed in the progressed.
Apart from any question as to the advisability of such a return,
the problem is of great interest from an astrological point of view.
One student has already expressed his unequivocal opinion that the
lady will not return, but no doubt there is plenty of evidence for a
contrary view. In any case, the three horoscopes afford a remarkable
opportunity for the study of planetary influence in regard to sexual
attraction.

A Melbourne Subscriber writes;—" I am so interested in the Compe-

titions. I think it is a strong binding link between students. Out here I
set up and read the maps for my own instruction and amusement, and if is
so interesting to watch results when they arrive in your magazine. With
regard to No. 10, I was very successful, especially as regards marriage
partner and home conditions."—We trust she will send in next time. Why
not ?
 JSstos from iSotoljm

The interest in zodiacal humour continues unabated, or rather, it is

growing. This is as it should be, for in my opinion the matter is of some
astrological importance in view of the clue it affords to the rising sign in
doubtful cases. On this head one writer very sensibly says: "Humour
seems to be specially cnucernetl with the Ascendant, as representing the expression
of the individual in active life." H e goes on to say :
" Although my ascendant is Scorpio I cannot claim to be a representative
specimen, as I have two strong planets and Sun in Libra rising. However, I
have lately met some fairly typical Scorpionians, and I find that the primitive
Scorpio humour consists in jokes and broad or even brutal farce where
anyone (except the Scorpionian !) is made ridiculous or reduced in dignity.
With the advanced and thoroughly representative Scorpionian there is always a
touch of the ironical or fantastic in the humour, verging sometimes on the
grotesque and even gruesome. He is fond of the grim joke with which
strong men have faced tragedy and death, or turned with smiling lips to
meet some desperate trial or crushing hardship. The Scorpionian chuckles
rather than laughs, and seldom makes much noise.
" Me relishes the application of the joke in its varied aspects, calculating
its effects with Scorpio foresight rather than entering deeply into the scene
with the full imagination which he often lacks.
" As a grim example this, from Rudyard Kipling's Head of the District, is
fairly representative:
"An English border officer in a fever-stricken fort on the N.W. frontier
assembled bis native troopers to repel a border raid. He addressed them
as follows : ' Oh men, if you die you will go to Hell; consequently,endeavour
to keep alive. But, on the other hand, if you go to Hell, it cannot be hotter
than this place, and we are not told that we shall there suffer from fever;
consequently, be not afraid of dying.—File out there I' The men grinned
and went."
£ * $ *
I would like to substitute "sympathy " for "imagination " (the italicised
word above), since imagination of a kind is certainly exhibited by Scorpio ; it
is sympathy rather which is lacking. Indeed, the essence of the Scorpio
joke is a certain cruelty, which relishes the discomfiture of another by
reason of the contrast felt between the joker's strength and the johee's
weakness. Witness the humour of Mr. W. W. Jacobs—is it not essentially
406 MODERN ASTROLOGY
cruel ? I think he would be the first to admit It. Perhaps a better word
than cruelty would be "separativeness," which would also apply to Scorpio
humour which is not cruel. The essence of Scorpio is expressed by the
Pharisee's prayer; "7 thank Tkee that I am not as other men are," and this is
seen even in their humour,—the most characteristic specimens of which are
furnished by the writings of Mr. W. W. Jacobs just alluded to.
The specimen quoted from Kipling does not strike me as Scorpio,
I must confess. The grimness is too kindly. The speech is meant to
encourage these men, not to " goad " them. I know a man with both Sun
and Moon in Leo (Venus and Mercury rising in Cancer), and it is just such
a speech as I can imagine coming from his lips. A Scorpio would have
encouraged his men more after this fashion ; " Oh men, if you die you may
go to hell, which is a hot place, hotter than this, but not so hot by a long
chalk as I shall make it for you if you fail and don't die!"
* * * St
E. W. (Asc. rr is, ©n 13, BnEaz) sends the following as the funniest
joke he ever saw. It was, he says, accompanied by a well-executed drawing;
Typical Insipid Dude: "I've called in answer to your advertisement for a
man."
Selk-made Business Man {looking out oj the corner of his eye): " Did you bring
him with you ?"
This is really very instructive. The typical interrogative of Aquarius is
said to be "u/feaf (see M. A., p. 143, current volume). Observe here that
the question hinges upon what is a man, and that E. W. is an Aquarian.
I consider this a characteristic illustration of the principles involved
in this supremely interesting question of zodiacal humour.

" How inconsistent you astrologers are!" said a lay friend of mine to
me the other day. " Here you are, calling me a Libra man ; and the other
day you called me a Pisces man ; and a few weeks ago you told me that ail
Taurus people were fond of gardening,—that was because you found me
potting some plants I suppose?" My friend was justified in his sarcasm,
for the anomaly was only too patent from his point of view. He has Libra
rising, Sun in Pisces, and Moon in Taurus. Naturally enough, as he is no
student ot Astrology, I am unable to show him bow true it is that he is not
only a Libra man, but also a Pisces man, and a Taurus man, at different
times. Yet he is. And he might just as well object to be called dark by
some people and blonde by others because he has black hair, blue eyes,
and a fair complexion 1
* * * *
I wonder if we shall ever make people understand that the zodiacal
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE
characteristics are not locked up, as it were, in water-tight compartments
one only of which is presented to a human being at his birth ? Someone who
was old enough to know better asked me the other day if the series on the
" zodiacal and planetary temperaments" was to be taken as applying to the
Sun, the Moon, or the'Ascendant. I said; "My dear sir, if you read an
article upon the warmth of woollen clothing do you ask yourself whether it
refers to overcoats, pantaloons, waistcoats, shirts, vests, or chest protectors?
No, you know at once that it refers to any or all of them, in short to
any article of clothing that can be made of wool. And similarly, of course, in
regard to these temperaments; if you have Mercury in Aries, you have the
Aries temperament as regards your mind; if Moon in Virgo, the Virgo
temperament as regards your personality; and if you have Saturn for your
ruling plauet, and Saturn is in Leo,'although Capricorn is on the Ascendant,
then you have the Capricorn temperament as regards your body, modified
by the Leo temperament as regards the vital force that is flowing through
that body.—Just as you might have a flanuel shirt with a linen front. So
now you know!"
My friend went away a sadder, and withal (I trust) a wiser man.
* * « *
1
Under the beading " Kium from Know- When a friend sends me
the following cutting:
From " The Child's Book of Wonder "
Is it bad to sleep with the Moon shining on us?—" It is not bad to sleep with the
moon shining on us, but it is very bad to believe nonsense. Every night that the
moon shines, millions of animals sleep with it shining upon them, and if anyone
fancies that it is bad for human beings to sleep out of doors, whether the moon is
shining or not, he makes a great mistake. All notions of this kind are really
remnants of the old astrology, which ascribed all sorts of influences to the heavenly
bodies, and thought that lunacy—the word came from the Latin luna, meaning the
moon—was caused by the Moon. Moonlight is only reflected sunlight, and though
it is very feeble in proportion to its brilliance, it is valuable, just as sunlight is."
The Children's Eucyclopadia, Part 32, p. 3380.
1 have often beard of " teaching the young idea how to shoot," but had
always supposed hitherto that it meant teaching it to shoot straight!—And
in my innocent heart I had imagiued the Children's Encyclopedia was
devised for some such purpose. But from this cutting I gather that it is
written by, rather than for, children; and hence may better be described
as an intellectual pop-gun than as a collection of Maxims for the
mind. The sportive fancy of a child (or a Dan Leno I) would naturally
delight in thus connecting a popular superstition with the ancient and
splendid conception of the music of the spheres. Is the Children's Ency-
clopedia a huge joke, or is it a serious contribution to twentieth century
journalism? If the latter, I am sorry. For latter-day journalism, though
only reflected Thought, and though it is very feeble in proportion to its
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
brilliance, yet it is valuable, just as Thought is; but this is mere moousbinc.
And, while I quite agree with the writer that it is very bad to believe
nonsense, I think it worse to pay good money for it, and worse still—far
worse—to feed our children with such nonsense as this.
All uotions of this kind are really remnants of that nineteenth century
self-sufficiency which mistook itself for science. There is a fable of a frog
which desiring to swell itself to the dimensions of a bull, exploded. Thus
also has nineteenth century materialism. Only insects shelter themselves
under the fragments of its skin which are still to be found here and there.
These reflections are rather prompted by the general tone, the spirit as
one might say, of the publication in question than by the particular excerpt
before us. It seems to me that if the Editors were to travel they might sec
cause to revise their opinions. Have they never heard of " moon-blinducss,"
due to sleepiug in the full rays of the tropical moon ?
But as 1 have criticised the Child's Book of Wonder, perhaps I shall
do well to append a paragraph from the Man's Book of Wonder, the Secret
Doctrine, by one who in my opinion did know what she was talking about,
H. P. Blavatsky;—" The influences of the moon are wholly psycho-physio-
logical. It is dead, sending out injurious emanations like a corpse. It
vampirises the earth and its inhabitants, so that anyone sleeping in its rays
suffers, losing some of his life-force. A white cloth is a protection, the rays
not passing through it, and the bead especially should be thus guarded. It
has most power when it is full. It throws olf particles which we absorb,
and is gradually disintegrating. Where there is snow the moon looks like
a corpse, being unable, through the white snow, to vampirise effectually.
Hence suow-covered mountains are free from its bad influences" (S.D., III.
562).—This, of course, will appear uonsense to the Editors of the Children's
Encyclopedia.. But wisdom is justified of her children, or as we should say
the proof of the pudding is in the eating.
* * * *
According to the Wcslininslcr Gazelle of May 18th, a German professor
has under the title of " Pendulation " given to the world a theory of evolu-
tion based on the to-aud fro motion of the earth's poles. A noteworthy
feature of this article is that we are told the North Pole "as a fact, swings
along a fixed meridian to a definite latitude south of the Equator . . "—
which is a very iuteresting admission on the part of Science, since the
investigations of La Place showed that the motion of the pole was confined
to about three degrees, and when a writer some time ago published a
pamphlet in which be pointed out that La Place bad made an oversight in his
calculations which altogether vitiated his conclusions, he was roundly
abused by " scientists" (when not ignored) for such a blasphemous
assertion. But now it would appear that the idea has been quietly accepted
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE
by Professor Simroth, and that zoological and other investigations afford
strong confirmatory evidence of its truth.—It is worth remarking that the
evidence offered in the pamphlet I have alluded to was purely gtomclriial.
For the rest, the IVestmiiisicr GazttU writer seems hardly clear in his
mind as to whether he is talking of the axis of the earth or the magnetic
pole,—at least he has not made me clear about it,—for he says:—"The
Equator is therefore at present moving towards Europe. ... All parts
of the earth are either approaching or receding from the Poles
Both these countries [Sumatra and Ecuador] (strictly speaking a certain
point in them) lie eternally on the Equator " This seems to
unsay itself.
What ilocs seem clear is that the Secret Doctrine [Vol. II., 372, 451,
Third Ed.] is once more vindicated, and that the statement there made
of the Poles having once Iain within the plane of the Ecliptic is now
receiving confirmation from other sources.
* * * ♦
Here is an interesting little problem. The Editor of the Occull Review,
in his April number gave the following horoscope of the Little Dauphin,
Louis XVI1. of France. The figure is calculated for 6.40 p.m., 27/3/1785,
Paris, the birth being recorded as having taken place between the hours of
six and seven on that date (some authorities put it as late as seven):—
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
as 14 Jl 19 ni 18 -it 11 1117 f8
Planets
r7-28 *27.50 To. 1 W23.15 =13.12 K24.54 ®i2.23 ^'5
Now the problem is: Did the Little Dauphin die, as was officially declared,
in the Temple, on June 8th, 1795, at the age of ten ; or did he escape, with
the assistance of friends, and end his days long years afterwards,—as certain
tombstones would have us believe ? Of the latter there are two, one at
Delft in Holland, and one in Gleizfi in France, the former giving 10/8/1845
and the latter 10/8/1853 as the date of death. Mr. Arthur Edward Waite
goes into the question at some length (though without coming to any definite
conclusion) in the same issue of the Occult Review, and those interested
cannot do better than refer to his article.
* * *
In his editorial remarks Mr. Shirley says be does not consider the
figure indicative of a death in childhood; hut it seems to me that the
contrary might be well argued, Saturn, the lord of the fourth, being in the
fourth. It is true that in order to make the direction " I? d LC." measure
to the age of 10 years the time of birth would have to he altered to nearly
 ^obxacal ani» planetary ^cmpcramcnta*

(Series)

V. THE SIGN TAURUS

(Concluded trom p. 378.)

Lest any should think that our deliberations upon the sign Taurus
have hitherto been confined too exclusively to the region of generalisa-
tion, speculation, or myth, it will be well here to introduce a few hints
upon the nature of Taurus as viewed by those whose field of investiga-
tion is observation pure and simple. It is true that those who
delight in speculative and mythological studies also exercise the
faculties of homely observation, and profit by them ; but the matter-
of-fact person is only too apt to overlook this consideration, and he
may therefore be more ready to pay attention to those whose imple-
ments of thought are his own exclusively, than to those who in addi-
tion to these use others. And it is right that his requirements should
be catered for, quite apart from the fact that corroboration of facts
by independent witnesses has a certain cumulative force that is never
without value.
The following observations and suggestions are condensed from
those furnished by several students who have studied Astrology
experimentally for periods varying from twelve months to as many
years.
It seems to me that Taurus being a negative, fixed and earthy
sign, the true inner life finds itself here solidified and hence cannot
feel unless first touched from without. This outer stimulus it then
has first to recognise and next to weigh up and balance, trying to fit
it into its true self by breaking up part of its solid fixedness. There-

* Note.—The first article of this series, "On the Meaning of Temperament,"

appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154, and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
4io MODERN ASTROLOGY
twenty minutes past seven, and the justification for such a rectification
might be questioned.
It is worthy of note that when Saturn reaches the nadir, the Moon is
almost exactly on the ascendant, so that the two planets would thus be in
mundane square.
* * ^
The portraits of the various claimants, with which Mr. Waite's article
is furnished, lend additional interest to the speculation. That of the Rev.
Eleazar Williams seems certainly (in my opinion) to show such a type of
face as one might expect from the horoscope before us; moreover, it hardly
looks like the face of a man who would knowingly have made a false claim,
or even have assisted in a claim of which he himself had any grounds for
doubt. Indeed, it is said that "so far from advancing any claim, the
unexpected suggestion of royal status was a position from which he desired
only to be delivered, saying that he sought a heavenly but not an earthly
crown."
It may be of interest to mention that in Colloquies with an Unseen Friend
it is stated that the little Dauphin did not die in the Temple but was safely
conveyed away; it is added that he was not one of the " pretenders," but
this would not necessarily exclude the possibility of Eleazar William 6 being
the real Dauphin, as be never actually claimed the title.
F. Z. L.

DR. SAMUEL CLARKE'S WEATHER TABLE

If the Moon change

between Summer Winter
12 and 2 p.m. Very rainy. Snow and rain.
2 i» 4 i. Changeable. Fair and mild.
4 i. 6 „ Fair. Fair.
6 ,, 8 „ Fair, if wind at N.W. Frosty, if wind N. or N.E.
6 n 8 „ Rainy, if wind at S. or S.W. Rain or snow, if at S. or S. W.
8 ii 10 „ Rainy, if at S. or S.W. Rain or snow, if at S. orS.W.
10 ii 12 „ Fair. Fair and frosty.
12 ii 2 a.m. Fair. Hard frost, unless S. or S. W.
2 ii 4 .. Cold and showery. Snow and stormy.
4 Ii 6 „ Rain. Snow and stormy.
6 11 8 Wind and rain. Stormy weather.
11 10 „ Changeable. Rain, if wind W., snow if E.
10 ii 12 „ Frequent showers. Cold, with high wind.
From •' The Motor," jo/j/'og.
412 MODERN ASTROLOGY

fore it must contact things in the form, and feel vibrations outwardly ;
if they happen to be crude and coarse it responds at once, either to
good or bad feelings, whichever happen to awaken first. It will
believe nothing it cannot prove in the outer form, so that naturally
one would expect to find it stubborn and sceptical. But once it is
convinced nothing will move it—until something harder hits it from
outside, when it is bound to judge afresh.
As all life is Divine Love it must cither generate or regenerate
in evolution, and coming into manifestation in the sign Taurus it
creates solid or earthy forms which require a strong outward vibra-
tion to make them grow, just as one finds everything on the earth
requires the Sun's vibrations of warmth and light, and all the mingled
infiuences of the elements to operate upon its outward form in order
that the inner life can be drawn out and made manifest.
The sign Taurus being the house of Venus and the exaltation of
the Moon represents in a general way the feminine nature more than
the others. Aries being the home of Mars and exaltation of the Sun
and therefore essentially masculine, so Taurus, the sign where the
feminine deities meet—Venus as ruler and Luna as vice-regent—
appears to bring out all the womanly qualities. Aries seeks know-
ledge from without and by external methods, leading and directing
the many : Taurus gains experience from within and is more con-
cerned with the home and domestic life, and in general with the inner
and spiritual verities as distinguished from the outer and manifest
conquests.
I should consider the Moon very strong (equal to Venus) and her
aspects especially important in Taurean nativities, and 1 think that
she helps to bring out many homely and domestic virtues that are
often characteristic of these people, for they are generally fond of
home life, sociable and hospitable and while appreciating all that
makes the home beautiful from a material standpoint have peculiarly
a gift of imparting a feeling of peace and rest not only to their houses
and rooms, but also to their guests as well. A Taurean woman is
generally a good hostess and understands the art of making her guests
really happy and comfortable, while as a housekeeper she can make
the best of the funds at her command.
Taurus people as a rule are governed more by feeling than by
intellect; not that the latter is lacking, but they have a different way
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLAN'ETAUY TEMPERAMENTS 413

of expressing mentality to other people—though Mercury very much

afflicted does I think produce a very bad effect in their horoscopes.
Although not naturally very active physically, caring little or
nothing as a rule for sports and athletics, yet I do not think they
should in general be called lazy. They are quietly industrious, often
spending much time in their gardens and greenhouses doing apparently
very little ; yet it is not to be termed a real idleness when we see how
well the flowers and trees flourish under their care; and perhaps
their own remarkable physical magnetism as well as their love of
nature aids them in achieving these good results.
Women born under this sign are usually good at needlework ; if
not rich they will do much useful sewing, or if indulging in it as a
pastime they will occupy their hands with very lovely embroidery that
may be called " needle-painting," so beautiful is it in design and
colouring. This is another way in which their combined patience and
industry shows itself.
These people have a real love of music, the sign being moreover
favourable for expressing this art, and as it rules the throat, they are
frequently good singers; yet many excel in instrumental music
because added to their talent they have the necessary patience for
overcoming all the drudgery that is needed for successful musician-
ship. Possibly the Taurean in many cases would be found to prefer
melody and the lighter class of music to the severely classical forms,
yet by reason of the reverent spirit expressed in Oratorio and sacred
works these compositions often appeal to them in a very special way,
and this fact shows the true devotional nature that many of them
exhibit and all of them internally possess.
Laziness, a fondness for eating and drinking, and explosive
outbursts of temper may be enumerated as failings of some Taureans,
but I should not consider these general, and they are certainly rare
among the better types. We need to remember that all signs have
Egos of varying degrees of development coming under their rule, and
that therefore it is quite reasonable to expect a wide difference between
one who is learning the rudiments of his nature, and another who has
attained some proficiency in it, or who is perhaps nearing perfection
in some of its qualities. With Taurus, these different degrees of
advancement seem to be very marked and those who are unacquainted
with their own nature doubtless show the undesirable qualities of the
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

sign in a very pronounced manner. But the more advanced are con-
stant, affectionate, patient and forgiving, and manifest that true spirit
of devotion which, in a Venusian sign, we should naturally expect
to find.
Taurus people are not always great eaters, but they have definite
tastes in some directions, which tastes can be determined from the
general influences of the horoscope and the special decanate rising.
Thus, if the ascendant be the first or Taurus decanate it will be
something nice, pretty, or pleasant to the eye; if the second or Virgo
decanate, it seems to be something artistic, or to do with books,
papers or learning, in general something practical or useful ; if the
third or Capricorn decanate, it will be power, position and authority
they will want. I have in mind a woman with Moon and Mars rising
in this third decanate of Taurus, and she is very ambitious of power and
position, but only of the most material kind, which would very likely
have been worse if she had not received a fairly good education.
I think that Taurus people are always stubborn and try hard to
have their own way ; also they have patience and endurance to wait
for their chances, for good or evil.
Taurus people are stay-at-home people, they do not go out
seeking worlds to conquer like Aries, but they hold fast to what they
have and set themselves steadily to acquire more.
Taurus people are stubborn, but not aggressive unless put upon,
are reliable, plodding, sincere in friendship, slow in making friends,
and reserved in speech or action unless in congenial society. They
have a natural bent towards the arts or music, but in general are not
brilliant. They have a retentive memory for matters that are con-
genial ; they do not act precipitately, but look to cause and effect
before they act, and then they move deliberately, taking their own
time and refusing either to be stopped or hurried. They are very
passionate when once aroused, are difficult to move, and will not give
in whether right or wrong when once the mind is made up. The
best way to move them is through the affections, by coaxing and
persuading; but if they think they are being ^driven they will be
stubborn.
In my opinion they have naturally all good throats. As to
height, they are short as a rule. Venusian products of the earth,
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 415

such as flowers and fruit, appeal to them strongly ; but I should not
class farmers or agriculturists among Taureans, being inclined to put
them under Virgo or Capricorn—the latter specially.
Taurus people do not hurry nor worry but take things as they
find them, being somewhat unambitious and easily pleased and soon
settle down in any environment they come into ; in a general sense
they may be said to go with the crowd.
In finance while not extravagant they are not especially 'keen' on
making money but they have natural opportunities. Their success
in these matters depends upon themselves.

These selections represent the conclusions of students who have

formed their opinions from their own observations, quite apart
from speculation, or any statements to be found in books, and
they therefore have a value all their own. With regard to the
allusion to farmers and agriculturists, it seems curious that our
national prototype John Bull should always be figured as a burly and
prosperous farmer, which seems to imply on the part of caricaturists
an unconscious association of the idea of Taurus with farming and
also, be it added, with prosperity.
In discussions that have taken place upon this sign a great many
of the idiosyncrasies and peculiarities of Taurus people (by which is
meant, in general, those born with Taurus rising on the ascendant)
have been described, some of which may be briefly enumerated.
The various physical senses are as a rule strong : sense of smell
fairly keen, but sense of touch exceedingly well-developed, as shown
in the case of famous pianists, such as Rubinstein, who had a Taurus
physique and was noted for his wonderful touch, with its Taurean
combination of power and delicacy.
The general temperament may be described as ' vital," with the
' motive' as sub-temperament. The nature is receptive, reserved,
proud, obstinate, yet kind, social, fond of music and all things pleasing
and harmonious—especially fond of good things, in which excellence
as well as pleasantness is a characteristic. Thus, furniture purchased
by a Taurean would be substantial and of excellent workmanship, as
well as handsome in appearance and pleasing in design. The
mentality is more intuitive than intellectual, and most of the know>
ledge is obtained in this way. Taurus people find themselves in a
 MODKRN ASTROLOGY

great difficulty to make clear in what way they come to their conclu-
sions, or to explain to another "how" a thing is done. Things that
they do well they seem to do by instinct, things they have no aptitude
or they blunder at frightfully (like a " bull in a china shop ").
Much has been made by some of the ' gluttony' of this sign, but
it might be said that' taste ' should be substituted for 'gluttony,' this
instinct of taste exhibiting itself quite as frequently in relation to art
or dress or music as to the pleasures of the table. Financial ability
seems to be quite instinctive with Taurus.
Taurus people are naturally conservative and lovers of order, and
it has been pointed out that there is much of the Taurus nature to be
discerned in the representative member of the police force—indeed,
the familiar name " bobby " is stated to be (in its more dignified form
of Robert) the typical Taurus name; while some amusement has been
caused in this connection by the remark that " copper" as a Venusian
metal doubtless comes under Taurus also !
Taurus people almost invariably possess a strong and usually a
beautiful voice, unless the ruler Venus is much afflicted. Their great
virtues are patience and endurance, and their love of order and
precision make them excellent organisers and managers, the more so
that they have as a rule large ideas and broad views: (this in the
higher types only). They are no innovators and change slowly,
generally keeping within accepted conventional limits, or only sliglitly
exceeding them. Nearly all Taurus people are good at figures and
those persons who have pronounced mathematical ability invariably
have some planets in Taurus.* Those having the Sun in Taurus are
often found to possess a deep love of occultism.
Taureans manifest strong will, concentration, and a general love
of harmony and justice, though rather prone to severity in many cases.
They are by nature optimists but when materialistic are apt to
degenerate into pessimists of a peculiarly hopeless and funereal type.
Contrasting Taurus with its opposite sign Scorpio, it has been
remarked that while the Cow having swallowed its food returns a
portion to its mouth in order to chew the cud, the Serpent, on the
other hand, cannot return its food when once deglutition has taken
place ; moreover in the latter case food has to lie bolted entire. This

• Note.—George Bidder, the calculating ' prodigy,' had j) d J in « .

 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 417
leads to the conclusion that Taurus extracts the nourishment from
food, or from ideas, or from ideals, by repeated contemplation and
mastication, turning over an idea in its mind and pondering it until it
is well matured, before handing it over to the digestive processes of
the mere intellect. Scorpio on the other hand seeks to assimilate its
ideals by the very fury of its passions, intensity and zeal supplying
the place of patience and persistence as in Taurus—for in the case of
the serpent the digestive fluids have to achieve, unaided, the whole
work of assimilation.

It seems strange that in the foregoing the Irish bull has not been
referred to, for the making of "bulls" is undoubtedly a Taurean
tendency.
Oddly enough, few people seem to notice that the Irish bull
usually succeeds in conveying the idea intended far more vividly
than the most precise form of speech ; and this fact appears to indicate
that the " bull" is really the outcome of the Taurean inspirational
faculty, which seizes upon the idea " whole," as it were, and finding
no form prepared for it among the shibboleths of speech is in-
voluntarily, or by the exigency of haste, forced to express itself in
terms which when analysed intellectually are seen to be ludicrous.
An excellent illustration of the lucidity of the Irish bull is shown in
the following example : " Th'other mornin' I was crossin' over th'
road whin who should I see comin' foreninst me but Mickey Doolan.
At least I t'ought it was him, and he fought it was me. But whin
we came up to ourselves, shure it was nayther of us! " A less
delicious though not less amusing instance may be quoted from an
old number of the Straud Magazine, where it appears in an article by
Madame Albani, who as a great singer may fairly be put down as a
Taurean. Madame Albani said: "The entente cordinle has lately
begun its movements and the thin edge of the wedge is in. May this
wedge of brotherhood, toleration, appreciation, and kindliness be
driven home, ere many years are over, into the hearts of every nation ! "
We shall all echo this sentiment, though nevertheless enjoying a
laugh at the form in which it is expressed. Incidentally the quotation
throws light on the peace-loving nature of Taurus.
This last consideration of the Irish bull and the suggested ex-
planation of the cause to which it is due, namely a complete inner
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
conception which transcends the means at hand to give it expression,
brings us back in a sense to the point from which we started, to wit,
that in its highest sense Taurus represents Pranava or "Aum," the
Supreme Word, which includes in complete subjective perfection the
Universe that Is to Be.
Contrasting Taurus with Libra for a moment, in order to throw
the idea into relief, we might say that while Libra represents Yogd,
the desire for and means of obtaining Union, Taurus represents the
Yogt, in whom that Union has been consummated.
If then we take the Christ as the highest exemplar of the former,
we find the Buddha as the supreme instance of the latter. The
Taurean smile has been enlarged upon in the earlier part of this paper
and those who have ever seen a trustworthy copy of one of the statues
of the Buddha cannot fail to have remarked the strangely blissful
smile, the smile of perfect and ineffable content, that is its most
marked characteristic.
These reflections will assuredly, then, suffice to guard us from
falling into the too prevalent error amongst students of " looking
down " upon the sign Taurus as a gross, animal, or earthly sign.
They will serve to remind us that " the greater the animal, the greater
the god "—the denser the matter into which the spirit is forced to
penetrate the more refined it shall become thereby,—and that from
the seed which was "sown in corruption " a glorious harvest shall
be " raised in incorruption."
We shall not be likely to despise the sign Taurus if we keep con-
stantly before our minds that He who has been termed the Flower of
Humanity was raised, as it were, from Taurean soil.
[TJ,c next article of this series will be " The Sign Libra."]

Re The Planet " Isis," F. B. G. writes :—"Can't you manage to find

space in M.A. for further particulars ? Apparently several of us are more
or less interested, and it looks much as though I could put down a lot of
recent bad luck to it being now in square to my radical Saturn." We
shall be very glad to hear of any other reader's experiences, or views,
regarding " Isis." Some of them have been already published : (see pp. 131,
'32, 335, 0also "Isis" in index of last volume). The present position of
Isis is T4 , and it moves forward one degree per year.
 ®bc Jfouubations of Astrology

By G. E. Sutcuffe, Meviber of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PKACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city lielh foursquare ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the iVest three gales. A nd the wall
of the city had twelve foiiiidalions. . . . And he that talked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gales thereof, and the wall thereof
. . . And he measured the wall thereof . . . according to the measme of
a man. and the city was . . . like unto dear glass. . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Kev. Xxi. 13-18.

Part XII.—An Illustration showing the force exercised by

Jupiter during the year 1907.

(174) By means of the foregoing we can now give an example

of how to calculate the forces exerted by the heavenly bodies upon
the earth at any date, and appended we give the values for Jupiter for
June, 1907.
(175) In the table below, columns 1 and 2 are taken from the
French Cov.naissance des Temps for 1907 (p. 301). Column 3 contains
"the differences between the successive longitudes in column 2; so
that they are the angular velocities of the body where the time unit
is two days. It will be obserevd that the motion of Jupiter is pro-
gressive, so that the velocity in column 3 is given the positive sign.
Had Jupiter been retrograde the quantities in column 3 would have
been prefixed by the minus sign. From May 30th to June 1st Jupiter
advances 24,32,i", and from June 1st to June 3rd it advances
24'44'8"; so that the velocity increases at the rate of i2*7" in two
days. This increase of velocity is the " acceleration " and is entered in
column 4 opposite June 1st. It will be seen that it is also prefixed
with the positive sign; this is because the velocities on successive
periods are increasing. If they were decreasing, as often happens,
they would have had the negative sign. All the numbers in column
420 MODERN ASTROI.OGY

4 are obtained in the same way, and the reader should check the
figures, so that he may thoroughly understand the method by which
they are obtained.
The figures in column 4 are the values of in equation
(199), where the volts per metre is given by
E = D [a —„ b)
In that equation however a and b were the motions in one day,
whilst in column 3 they are the motions in two days. For this reason

TABLE OF JUPITER FOR THE MONTH OF JUNE, 1907

Multipuer JO = 0-6805 Log. J £) = 1-8328 Multii'LIEK FOR MEAN
Valde 0-0394 Log. ditto = 2-5959.
2
3 4 5 f>cr Value
Volts G tn
Gcoctulric Motion in Two Acceleration Metre Terms oj
Longitude Days a—b % D {a—b) Mean Value
0 1 it 7 tr
May 30. 102 26 1-2 + 24 32-1
June 1. 102 5° 333 + 24 448 + 12 7 4- 8 7 4- 0 50
3- 103 15 l8-i + 24 56'9 4- 12'- I 4- 8 2 4" 0*48
5- 103 40 15-0 + 25 83 4" H 4 + 78 4- 0'45
7- IO4 5 23 3 + 25 19 1 4- io'8 +73 + 043
9- I04 30 424 + 25 29 3 4- 10-2 4- 6-9 4- 0 40
it. IO4 SG 11-7 + 25 387 + 94 + G'4 4- 0 37
13- lOj 21 50-4 + 25 47'5 4- 88 4- 6 0 + 0-35
>. I5 105 47 379 + 25 55 7 4- 82 + 56 + 032
17- 106 13 33'6 + 26 3i + 74 + 50 4- 0 29
19. 106 39 367 -f 26 lO'I + 7° 4- 4 8 4- 0-28
21.
2
107 5 468 + 26 16-3 4- 6*2 4- 4 -2 4- 0 24
3 107 32 31 4- 26 220 + 57 4- 3 9 4- 0-22
25- 107 58 251 -f 26 273 + 53 4- 3 8 4- 0-21
27. 108 24 52-4 + 26 32*2 + 4'9 + 33 4- 019
29. 108 5i 24-6 + 2O 36*6 4- 44 4- 3 0 4- 017
July 1. 109 18 1-2
in order to obtain E we need to multiply by J- D instead of D, since
the acceleration varies as the square of the time. This is done in
column 5, which represents the volts per metre exerted by Jupiter
upon the earth on the given dates. The value of J D is taken from
the table at the end of §(173).
(176) The figures in column 6 are those which will perhaps be
the most useful to the astrologer. Astrologers are in the habit of
attributing a certain influence to each planet, and this influence may
be taken as the mean value of the planet. Now column 6 gives the
value of Jupiter in terms of this mean value. Thus on Jane isf the
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHVSICAL ASTROLOGY 421
value is '50, showing that Jupiter is then exerting only half his mean
influence. This influence is moreover decreasing continually all
through the month until at the end it is • 17, or only one-sixth of its
mean value. By shifting the decimal point two figures to the right
this column will give the percentage of the planet's influence in terms
of the mean value. Thus on June 1st Jupiter has 50% of his usual
influence, on June 21st 24%, and on June2gth 17%. The figures in
column 6 will therefore be those of greatest service to the astrologer
in estimating planetary influences. He is not in the habit of dealing
with volts, so that when expressed in this form as in column 5 they
may not be intelligible ; hence column 6 is what will be most useful
to him.
On referring to the table in §167, column 4, it will be seen that
the mean daily acceleration of Jupiter is 6-'34i'. For a two days'
interval the mean acceleration will be 4x6-'34i'. The figures in
column 6 are obtained by multiplying those in column 4 by
1
= 0-0395
4 x 6-341
And this multiplier is given at the top of the tables. For two days'
intervals as given in the Connaissaitce des Temps, it is always applicable
to Jupiter, so that the student by means of it can ascertain the value
of Jupiter for any date in terms of its mean value. This at once
constitutes it a factor of real practical importance to the every-day
student.
(177) It will be seen from the table in §(174) that in June, 1907,
Jupiter has a value always considerably below his mean value, and it
may be of interest therefore to give his influence over a more extended
period so as to show more completely the cycle of his variations.
For this purpose we give below his values at the beginning of each
month in 1907. In order to save space we omit the longitudes and
motions of columns 2 and 3 in the table of §(174) and give only the
accelerations, volts, and mean values, as in columns 4, 5, and 6,
numbering the columns in the same way for convenience of comparison.
(178) It will be observed that the signs in columns 5 and 6 are
opposite to those in column 4. This is due to the fact that induced
currents are always o/i/osiVe in direction to the inducing current. The
sign of the inducing current is therefore that given in column 4, whilst
columns 5 and 6 give the signs of the induced current. Now it is
422 MODERN ASTROLOGY

TABLE OF JUPITER FOR THE YEAR 1907.

Moltiplihr 1 D = 0-6805 Loo. J D = i-8328_
Multiplier for Mean Value 0 0394 Loo. i D = 2-5959
I 4 5 6
Volts Value in
Acceleration per Metre Terms op
a—b i D [a - b) Mean Valui
1907 n
Jan. 2nd. + 72 5 - 51 - 0 30
Feb. jst. + 4 '52 - 282 9 - i -68
Mar. isl. + 47' - 3 i - i-86
Apr. 2nd. + 3622 — 24-6 " 1-43
May 2nd. + TS' - 15-8 — o-gi
June 1st. + 127 87 - 0-50
July 1st. + 3-8 — 26 - O I5
A ug. 2nd. - 5° + 3-7 + 0-22
Sept. 1st. - 2M'i + 9(5 + 056
Oct. 1st. - 5'5 + i?'3 I ot
Nov. 2nd. - 39-8 + 271 + 1-57
Dec. 2nd. 2 + 1 88
- 47'8 + 3 '5
,, 301/i. " 37 4 + 25'5 + 1*48
1908
Jan. lilh. — ig-6 + 13-3 + 077
2gth. - o-8 + 05 + 0003
Fib. 2nd. + 5'4 - 37 - 0-21
the induced current which acts upon the earth, so that it is this current
that astrologers are concerned with, and it is important to give to it
its proper sign.
Let us consider in what direction this induced current acts.
Suppose the planet Jupiter is on the meridian of Greenwich and
that an observer is looking towards it from some northern latitude
on the Greenwich meridian. The observer will in this case be looking
due South, he will have his back to the North pole, his right hand
to the West, and his left to the East. If Jupiter had at the time a
positive acceleration, indicated by the plus sign in column 4, the
inducing current would have a direction from West to East. The
induced current therefore would be from East to West, or the reverse
of the inducing current. Where the observer was situated the current
would be horizontal along the earth's surface from East to West.
If now another observer were situated 90° to the East of the meridian
of Greenwich, the current would not be horizontal to him hut
perpendicularly downwards, and this is the position where it would
be strongest since it would be acting directly against the earth's
surface towards its centre. Now to an observer 90° East of Green-
wich Jupiter would just be setting in the West, so that a positive
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 423

acceleration in column 4 indicates that tire planet is acting with the

greatest force in those localities on the earth's surface where the
planet is in the setting sign. But when positive in column 4 it is
negative in columns 5 and 6, so that the negative sign in 5 and 6
indicates that the influence of the body is in the setting sign. Simi-
larly a positive sign in columns 5 and 6 indicates that the body is
acting where it is in the rising sign. This shows at once the im-
portance of the rising and setting signs which Astrology has always
taught.
We thus arrive at two important conclusions :
1st. When in columns 5 and 5 the sign of the induced current is
positive, the body is acting in those localities where it is in the rising sign.
2nd. When the sign of the induced current is negative, the body is
acting in localities where it is in the selling sign.
N.H.—The above rules of course imply that the induced current shall
be of opposite sign to the inducing current, which is not the case in the tables
of §(174). We shall, however, follow this rule in future tables.
(179) An inspection of columns 4, 5, and 6, shows that the
planet goes through a regular cycle of changes. Thus from column
6 we see that on January 2nd, 1907, Jupiter had about one-third its
mean negative value, hence it was acting with one-third its mean
influence in localities where it was selling. It then increases to its
maximum negative value, which it reaches about March 1st. This
maximum value is about double the mean value. After reaching
the maximum it gradually decreases, reaching zero some time in
July. The sign of its influence then changes trom negative to posi-
tive, so that instead of acting in the setting sign its action is in the
mi/;g sign. From a small positive value it then increasing to its
maximum positive, which again is about double its mean value.
This maximum positive value is reached near the beginning of
December. It then again diminishes, reaching zero on January zpth,
1908, after which the cycle repeats itself, beginning with a small
negative as on January 2nd, 1907.
[The next instalment of this series will be the " Investigation of the
Influence of the Planetary Aspects."]

Seek for the good in things, or take the chaff for your pains.
 " ®l)oiigl)t mRbis"

Items Gleaned from All Sources by Subscribers Everywhere

A lecture on "The Modern Astrologer" was delivered last night by

Miss I. M. Pagan at a Lodge meeting of the Theosophical Society, 200,
Buchanan Street. The lecturer spoke of the interest in astrology naturally
taken by students of comparative religion, it bad left its traces in tombs
and on sacred buildings all over the world as well as in language and in
literature. The ancient Scriptures were full of references to it, though it
needed some knowledge of the subject to recognise them. In later literature
many men of brilliant ability and intellect—men such as Dante, Chaucer,
Bacon, Dryden, Gcethe, and Scott—had written with interest and even with
enthusiasm on the subject. The astrologer's creed was neither extraordinary
nor unorthodox. He believed that the universe was one harmonious whole
and that every part in it was related not only to that whole but to all the
other parts. Man was a sentient thinking being in a sentient thinking
universe, not separated or cut off in any way from the divine life of body,
soul, and spirit going on around him. The old classical mythology, which
looked upon the Sun, Moon, and planets as centres of divine energy of
various kinds, as so to speak the bodies of the gods, found its counterpart in
ancient Hebrew Astrology, which identified St. Michael with the Sun, Gabriel
with the Moon, Raphael with Mercury, and so forth. The student of
Theosophy would be quick to note the practical identity of such teaching
with the Christian belief of guardian angels of humanity dwelling in the
heavens and influencing strongly the children of men. The lecturer then
showed specimens of famous horoscopes, including that of Thomas Carlyle,
who was born under Cancer, the sign of the prophet: and concluded by
referring to the practical value of Astrology to parents and teachers as a key
to character.—Glasgow Ilerald, ii/^/'og.

Astrology shows each mortal his weak points, and puts him on his
guard against them, pointing out the times and seasons when special watch
has to be kept. It holds out no false lights, makes no pleasant delusive
speeches, lulls none to a perilous repose. On the contrary, it pierces
through the most complacent armour, revealing the man, not as others see
him, nor even as he sees himself, but (I say it with all reverence) as God
sees him. Astrology also constrains us to practise that charity which we
too often neglect. It bids us remember that if our neighbour fall while we
gaily skirt the abyss, it is not for us to plume ourselves on our superior
agility or unassailable rectitude. Each mortal bears his cross; sometimes
a heavy one. Astrology says just what it is, helps the sufferer to bear it,
and bids the unctuous critic attend to the rectification of his own weaknesses
which he has doubtless overlooked.
In a thousand ways Astrology is waiting to warn us, to help us, to
encourage us, to give us a kindlier outlook on our fellow creatures, and a
profouuder belief in and reverence towards that Power whom a blatant
Materialism is striving impiously to banish from His own universe.
Arthur Mee in the Glamorgan Times.
 " THOUGHT WAVES ''
Just as a watch on certain days is in bad working order, for no
accountable reason, so the human body has its " bad " days at fairly regular
intervals. The above remarkable theory is contained in a newly-published
scientific work, Ths Critical Days oj Men, by the well-known Viennese
specialist, Dr. Hermann Swobada.
These " bad " days, he says, are entirely independent of any mistakes
in diet or mode of life. They occur without any external cause, and the
troubles may be headaches, heart troubles, indigestion, nervous excitability,
or lassitude.
Dr. Swobada states that the critical conditions recur usually every
twenty-three, or sometimes twenty-eight, days, while the results of over-
exercise or excess, if they do not appear at once, often come up exactly
forty-six or sixty-nine days afterwards.
This theory applies also to mental phenomena, grief for the loss of a
relative being serious for twenty-three days, and then suddenly passing away.
Lastly, according to Dr. Swobada, men succumb on a critical day—when
the machinery of the body is iu bad working order.—D,iily .Mirror.

Concerning the South Polar Expedition the Daily Telegraph of

25/3/09 said ; "The most southern point reached was 88deg. ajinin. South,
longitude ihzdeg. E.—that is to say, ideg. 37111111. or m statute miles from
the Pole. This exceeds Captain Cagni's furthest North, in the Duke ol
Abruzzi's expedition, by ideg. 4911110.—about 125 statute miles. The party
that planted the Union jack given by the Queen at this historic spot
consisted of Lieutenant Shackleton, R.N.R., Lieutenant Adams, R.N.R.,
Mr. Marshall, surgeon, and Mr. Wild.
" Another party, the Northern, comprising Professor Edward David,
F.R.S., Mr. Douglas Marson, B.Sc., Mr. Mackay, assistant surgeon, went
to the magnetic Pole, which they found in latitude yadeg. asmin. S., longitude
i54deg. East. It is worthy of note that these two points are both compara-
tively near the meridian on which the city of Sydney stands. . . . Let
the young geographer [or astrologer] note that it was on January 9th, 1909,
that the point nearest the South Pole was reached, and that it was on
January 16th that the Union Jack was raised over the Southern magnetic
Pole."

Re Mr. E. H. Harriman.—E. J. G. writes: " Referring to page 284 of

June Modern Astrology I think your correspondent must mean Edward
H. Harriman (not E. H. Harrison) as we have no important railroadman
by the latter name, while Mr. Harriman is the greatest railroad man of this
country. By looking in M'Ao's Who in America it will be found that Mr.
Harriman was born at Hampstead, Long Island, New York State, on February
25th, 1848. 1 should very much like to see a horoscope of this man, for he is
certainly a wonder. A report that he is sick will knock all stocks down in
Wall Street, and the very rumour that he was to be elected a Director of the
New York Central Railroad sent that stock up ten to fifteen points."
The planetary positions on the given date arc (noon G.M.T.); OK fi-4 i
Jim. i5'44: 5K 24-9: 28.51; (? n 0.20; 10.40R ; K 14.21;
iffT 15-57 : 'J/K 0.19.

In Nature there are no such things as reward and punishment. We

sow, and we reap what we have sown.
 Ilflmlus

[The space available being exceedingly limited a long time has often to
elapse before Reviews can appear and we nmst ask authors and publishers to
forgive this unavoidable delay ; they are reminded that books not dealing with
Astrology or allied subjects but with psychism, etc., are rather outside our sphere,
and that we cannot, consequently, always undertake to review them.—Eu.]

The Equinox. Volume I., No. i. {Simpkin, Marshall, Hamil-

ton, Kent <5- Co., Ltd. Half yearly ; pp. 140, paper boards, 55.)
Many strange books are sent to the office of Modern Astrology
for review, but the most extraordinary book which has ever come
under our notice is certainly this, which announces itself as " the
official organ of the A. A., the Review of Scientific Illuminism." To
properly review this book one would need to be initiated into the
A.A.,—whatever that may stand for. For there are so many hiero-
glyphics, degrees and orders, that without initiation a review of this
book could only consist of words. It seems to deal partly with
magic, and is a strange mixture of allegorical stories, aphorisms,
mysticaldrawings, etc. The supplement treats of " the record of the
magical retirement of G. H. Frater, O.M.—John St. John."
The " Editorial" probably explains something of the A.A. to
those competent to understand it, and perhaps we shall do the book
more justice by quoting it than by attempting to review the strange
mixture to be found between its covers.
"With the publication of this Review begins a completely new
adventure in the history of mankind. Whatever knowledge may
previously have been imparted to men, it has always been fenced in
with conditions and restrictions. The time has come to speak plainly,
and so far as may be in the language of the multitude.
"Thus, the Brothers of the A.A. announce themselves without
miracle or mystery. It is easy for every charlatan to perform
wonders, to bewilder and even to deceive not only fools but all
persons, however shrewd, untrained in observation ; nor does the
trained observer always succeed instantly in detecting the fraud.
Again, what the A.A. propose to do is to enable such men as are
capable of advancement to a higher interpretation of manhood to do
so ; and the proof of their ability lies in their success, and not in any
other irrelevant phenomenon. The argument from miracles is a
non sequitur.
" Nor is there anything mysterious in the A.A.; one must not
confuse the mysterious with the unknown. Some of the contents of
this Review may be difficult or impossible to understand at first, but
only in the sense that Homer is unintelligible to a person ignorant of
Greek.
 REVIEWS

" But the Brothers of A.A. make no mystery ; they give you not
only the Text but the Comment; not only the Comment but the
Dictionary, the Grammar, and the Alphabet. It is necessary to be
thoroughly grounded in the language before you can appreciate its
masterpieces; and if while totally ignorant of the former you despise
the latter, you will forgive the more frivolous onlookers if their
amusement matches your indignation.
"The Brothers of the A.A. have set their faces against all
charlatanism, whether of miracle-mongering or obscurantism; and all
those persons who have sought reputation or wealth by such means
may expect ruthless exposure, whether of their vanity or their
dishonesty ; for by no gentler means can they be taught.
" The Brothers of the A.A. will advise simple experiments, and
will describe them, by the pens of their chosen delegates, in the
simplest available language. If you fail to obtain good results,
blame either yourself or Their method, as you will; if you succeed,
thank either yourself or Them, as you will.
"In this first number are published three little books; the first
an account of Their character and purpose, restored from the writings
of von Eckartshausen ; the second an ethical essay restored from the
Cypher MSS. of the G.D. (of which MSS. a complete account will
later be given): these two books chiefly for the benefit of those who
will understand wrongly or not at all the motto "The Method of
Science—The Aim of Religion," in which (if rightly interpreted) all
is expressed; the third a series of scientific experiments, designed to
instruct beginners in the groundwork of Scientific Illuminism, and to
prevent them from falling into the self-deception which pride always
prepares for the unwary.
"From time to time further knowledge will be published, as fast
as the diligence of the persons employed to write it down will permit.
" It is the intention of the Brothers of the A.A. to establish a
laboratory in which students may be able to carry out such experi-
ments as require too much time and toil to suit with their ordinary
life; and Their further plans will be explained fully as opportunity
permits.
" Any person desirous of entering into communication with the
A.A. may do so by addressing a letter to the Chancellor of the
Order, at the offices of this paper."
Those who have had connections with the G.D. may substitute
those initials for A.A. and they will probably come to the conclusion
that the Book is intended as an attempt to resuscitate the original
" Golden Dawn."
A. L.
The Progressive Constant Horoscope. (Enirsl Wyies,
Lockport, N.Y., U.S.A.; price, post paid, well packed, with full instructions
for use $1.00).
This invention consists, essentially, of a large flat cardboard
" ring," with the signs and degrees of the zodiac marked upon its
 MuDiiUN ASTRO LOG Y
inner and outer edges. Small celluloid slips arc then attached to
show the position of each planet. The birth positions may be written
on the card; the progressed positions are shown by the celluloid pointers
upon the inner ring; and the daily positions of the planets, as in the
Ephemeris, may be similarly shown upon the outer ring. Thus the
maps are all three under the eye at once. A very ingenious idea.
A. H. B.
The Master Demand. By Lida A. Churchill, author of " I he
Magic Seven," " The Magnet," etc., etc. {London : L. N. Fowler &• Co.,
7, Imperial Arcade, Ludgate Circus, E.C. ; First Edition ; is. net.)
This is a short work aiming at showing the reader how to become
successful in life. The author claims that the question to be decided
by each one as to the kind of life to be led—whether upwards to
power, or downwards to stagnation and powerlessness—is " Which lift
will pay best ? " Though there is much good advice and much common
sense in the work, yet this question intrudes itself in every page,
having the effect of bringing high ideals down to a low plane—the
tendency of too many present-day works of the " New Thought "
type.
O.
Tamau Curze. By Bekthe St. Lux, author of " Black linlltrflits."
(/?. F. Fen no &• Co., 18, East Seventeenth Street, New York; cloth,
fji.oo net.)
This is a glibly written story concerning a weird human being,
half woman and half leopardess. The author aims at showing the
existence of "more things in heaven and earth" than the ordinary
mind dreams of. A short extract from the work will suffice as an
example of its style :
"Felix has, I believe, a somewhat different view, more sensible ideas
than the Professor, that is, he did have, till the latter, by a lot of queer,
outlandish theories, which I, for one, don't put the slightest credence in, and
in which any sensible person would have but little faith, preferring to leave all
such poppycock to the archives, has lately, I regretfully confess, totally
demoralised the doctor's otherwise well-balauced mind."
O.

•Fatal Kisses.—New York, Tuesday. An office-boy employed by the

Metropolitan Life Insurance Company yesterday met with his death in an
extraordinary manner. The day was his fifteenth birthday, and on his
arrival at business the girl stenographers at the office, with whom he was a
great favourite, crowded round him to bestow birthday kisses upon him.
In attempting to escape their attentions, the youth stumbled and fell, and
an ink-eraser which he had in his pocket entered his body and killed
him.—Central News. Daily Telegraph, ty/a/'og.
 Ifctters to tfjc debitor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Noxii.—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (2) that planetary positions, as
wflt as birth data, should always be given where possible ; and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

New Planets
Dear Sir,
Some of your readers may not have noticed in the papers
that it is thought that two new planets have been discovered and
therefore may be glad to learn about them. It is stated that Prof.
Pickering of Harvard College University, U.S.A., has found evidence
of tile existence of a planet beyond the orbit oj Neptune, which at the
epoch igog-io will be located approximately in R.A. jh. 47m.,
Dec. 21 deg. N., and that photographs of this region have been
taken. It was stated that he had photographed the planet, but in a
letter to me he says, " I have not discovered a planet, but merely
computed the position that one should occupy," and he requests
other astronomers to join in the search, which is being made by
photography both at Harvard and Arequipa, and also by Dr.
Metcalf at Taunton, Mass., U.S.A.
I take it that the zodiacal position of the planet, which I will call
X and which is situated in the constellation Gemini, is now 250 Cancer,
and it is interesting to note that a planet in this position explains
many discrepancies which puzzled me in connection with investiga-
tions I have been making, and as I find the conjunction of the ©
with it is strongly good, it must be a lenefic planet. As regards its
influence on the weather, it is even more productive of thunderstorms
than tjt, and it is remarkable that in January when the © was g
X and in March both when the © was □ X and also when A X we
had snow, thunder and lightning, too unusual a combination in winter
to be accidental on thr®e occasions.
Professor George Forbes, late of Glasgow,also thinks another ultras
Neptune planet exists, which I will call Y, and as the position assigned
is far removed from that given by Professor Pickering, the two
43° MODERN ASTROLOGY

planets must be distinct. He is led to this conclusion by studying

the grouping of cometary orbits. " Each of the four giant planets
has a family of associated comets, whose aphelia lies near the orbit
of the controlling planet, and whose periods are about half that of the
planet. Thus, for example, Encke's comet is associated with il,
Turtle's with tp , the comet of the November meteors with $, and
Halley's with " He supposes that the comet of 1556, whose return
was expected about 1830, was split up about 1700 into three different
comets, which appeared in 1843, 1880, 1882 ; this would necessitate a
very close approach to the supposed planet, since the elements of the
comet's orbit were entirely changed. Combining this with the
behaviour of some other comets he has given an orbit for the planet,
of which the most surprising feature is the inclination, which he makes
530 to the ecliptic. From the position assigned, this planet is now
quite out of reach of European observers, but search is being made by
photography at the Cape Observatory."
In a letter which appeared in Modern Astrology for February,
1906, accompanied by a diagram, I gave some astrological reasons
why there should be twelve planets to correspond with the twelve
houses. The supposed discovery of these two planets would tend to
confirm this view, and to my mind there is no doubt about a planet
being now at 250 Cancer,and it appears to have an influence on Stocks
and Shares.
When more details of X can be given and its rate of speed is
known and its orbit computed, it will be interesting to trace its influence
on old horoscopes, and no doubt it will explain many things which
have puzzled astrologers in the past, just as the discovery of
enables one to understand the inventiveness and originality of Sir
Isaac Pitman, as pointed out in the March 1909 number of Modern
Astrology ; and there are occasional discrepancies in our own
directions, which are inexplicable at present.
As the rate of movement of these more distant planets must be
exceedingly slow it follows that the birth aspects will operate in
secondary directions all one's life, and even the transits will be longer
lasting than are solar aspects in secondary directions. Anyone can
of course tell if the transit of X is now operating.
Walter Kruse.
[Lack of space has unfortunately compelled us to hold over this letter for
some time. It was received before Mr. Green's article on " Two Hypothetical
Planets" appeared.—Ed.]

Prize Competition No. ii

Dear Sir,
I am very much obliged for the book received yesterday
{How to Judge a Nativity, Part II.). From a glance it appears intensely
interesting. One would like to have more time to study it.
' This rather chimes in with " P. Z. L.'s " suggestion on p. 223 of Modern
Astrology for May, 1909.—Ed.
 LETTERS TO THE EDITOR 431
My interest in Astrology dates from the time Mr. Leo sent me
his judgment of my own horoscope. Since then I have found the
study of great use in the endeavour to propagate the doctrine of the
necessity of the continuance of effort, of doing duty as duty, of treat-
ing this life as part and parcel of a larger life and not as a disconnected
incident. Astrology can be of great use to humanity if it is not
allowed to degenerate into mere fortune-telling. Students should
learn to look for the principles actuating the compelling forces of this
life and not the mere "outcrop" of events. Principles govern events.
Wishing you all success,
22/6/'og. Chas. Layton Fisk.

Dear Sir,
It is with much pleasure I acknowledge the receipt of the
book, How to Judge a Nativity, Part II. The parts I have already road
I think exceedingly good, and quite an advance on anything I have
before seen on Astrology. Thanking you for book and for your kind
attention.
JQVi Queen's Road, Hastings. Yours faithfully,
iS/B/'og. Charlotte Ward.

" Anecdotes "

Dear Sir,
In response to your request for typical stories as an index
to sign-temperament, I may say that the phase of humour that
strikes me most is that involving a practical incongruity or impossi-
bility, and this is the type frequently noticed in American stories.
I enjoy Mark Twain's "Jumping Frog" (who does not ?) and that
story of " Lord Thurlow " the old owl at Arundel, who was unex-
pectedly announced to have laid an egg, despite the sex commonly
assigned to it; when I was a child I used to be puzzled by Dick's
hatband that was so queer that it went nine times round and wouldn't
tie: my childish comment was, " why didn't he put it only seven
times round, then ? "
I think the practical nature is typical of the sign Taurus, in
which are my ascendant, Sun, and four planets; the Moon is in Leo.
My horoscope has been published in Modern Astrology as the
subject of one of the earlier competitions.
Sarastro.

Re Birth Stone for Virgo

Dear Sir,
In reply to your correspondent W. L. (p. 336) the
Hyacinth or Zircon are the same stone. It belongs to the dimetric
system of crystallisation and is found in different colours, smoky white
(when it is known as a Jargoon) varying through yellow to red.
432 MODERN ASTROLOGY

When of the latter colour it is sometimes sold as a ruby, but there is

invariably a yellow tinge to be seen in the stone.
The consensus of opinion that I have been able to obtain gives
this stone, with the Garnet, to Aquarius.
The confusion as to the stones and their zodiacal relationship has
to a great extent arisen from the fact that the old writers loosely
described all blue stones as sapphires, and all green stones as
emeralds.
In my list the Sapphire is given to Taurus and the Cornelian to
Virgo.
July ijth, 1909. Wm. Thos. Pavitt.

An Encouraging Letter
Dear Sir,
The horoscope came yesterday, for which please accept
thanks, also your letter assuring me of success in my Iron Enterprise.
I have read and re-read the delineation with great interest. It
is something I never had before. I have been very much surprised
at the great accuracy of the delineation (notwithstanding some slight
inaccuracies). I am very glad to learn that there is so much good in
my horoscope, and that evil propensities are not presaged by the
aspects of the stars at my birth. Thus I am enabled to do right
(righteousness) more easily than others who have evil influences
working from their birth. However, my responsibility is greater :
because to whom much is given, of him much will be required.
I have noted the good advice interspersed in the reading and have
taken it to heart, and I think it has done me good already. " What-
soever things are lovely, etc., etc., think on these things," says the
apostle Paul.
I have been much interested in reading the magazine, Modern
Astrology. Much of it I cannot understand, as I never was any-
thing of a mathematician, and never can be. I find, however, that
that part of it which a layman can read is pure and lofty, and elevating,
and it pleases me. I have read also with much interest the two is.
books, The Rationale of Astrology and Everybody's A strology, and I intend
to study them. It is my purpose also to send for the rest of the is.
manuals, and afterwards I hope to possess the larger publications in
course of time.
And now, Mr. Leo, I want to say right here that I intend to
accept your offer of a full synthetic reading for two guineas, and will
send the money as soon as I can afford it, probably in about a couple
of weeks. With kind regards, believe me,
Bridgetown, N.S. Sincerely yours,
i/b/'og.
[We print this letter as an instance of the encouragement we receive
from time to time from various parts of the world. We tender the writer
our grateful thanks ; it is pleasant to know that our effort, to put forth a
simple presentation of Astrology that all can understand, are appreciated by
those on whose behalf more especially they are made.—Ed.]
ifflotiern ^trologg

Vol. VI. OCTOBER, 1909. No. 10.

New Series.

®Ij£ (SMtor's ©liscrbaiorg

It is the duty of every student of Astrology to amalgamate and

co-operate with his fellow students, if he would escape that isolation
and limiting sphere which surrounds all who work
The ftatrologioal entireiy alone. In the pursuit of knowledge we
see that many minds respond to rays that a
solitary mind cannot absorb, and therefore an all-round knowledge
can only be obtained by associating with, and learning from, others.
Fortunately an opportunity is now afforded, through the recent
formation and sound organisation of an Astrological Society, for
everyone who is desirous of spreading the light of Astrology through-
out the world, to aid, and benefit others. And this, not only by
joining that Society (which every student should consider it a privilege
to be able to do), but by doing so with the deliberate view of
supporting and strengthening a body that may become a fitting
representative of a system of thought in which science and art may
find a higher blending.
It is gratifying to note that the Annual Subscription has
been fixed at the moderate sum of Five Shillings, thus enabling
many respectable persons who might otherwise have been debarred
through monetary considerations, to join and take their part in the
workings of the Society.
* 51
The day for isolated working, so fax as Astrology is concerned,
is now past. The Saturnine students have done their part devotedly
434 MODERN ASTROLOGY
and laboriously in preserving the science from
Methods8 tota ext nct on
' ' ' W'th which it has ofttimes
been threatened, and our gratitude towards them
must not be diminished, even though we disagree with their
methods, which were perfectly legitimate and well suited for the age
to which they belong. In reality, the difference only lies in the
expansion of thought and the widening sphere of intuitive ideas that
are related to the evolution of consciousness as well as the evolution of the
forms in which that consciousness is encased.
It is the Saturniue method to dissect and analyse the forms in
order to examine the life; and while working upwards from below,
or from particulars to principles, there is always the hope and
possibility of uniting details into one general principle or great law.

It is the dawn of a Uranian period that is now breaking, and the

time is coming when the fundamental principles underlying all things
will be recognised, so that instead of isolating and
Methods classifying every particular thing under headings
and sub-headings, and further sub-headings, the
One Law that governs that thing will be seen, and its classification
will then be a simple matter of arranging it under one general heading ;
in other words we have hitherto been working from details to
principles, we shall now begin to recognise the principle and pass
swiftly therefrom to the detail. To interpret in astrologic language,
a simple illustration will suffice.
Generally speaking, the seven planets (counting the luminaries as
planets for astrological purposes) represent life and the forms that
hold it and give it expression, as follows :
O = Life —The life in all forms; specialised in Uranus.
3 = Form—Fluid icily
ip = —Stability Probably specialised
S — —Af otion in Neptune as a syn-
5 = —Flexibility thesis of matter in
If ,, —Expansion symbol.
? = „ —Beauty
In the vegetable, animal, and human kingdoms we find a com-
bination of all these principles, and to say that an oak, an elephant,
and a bony man, are " saturnian " is only partially and not wholly
true.
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY 435
In the study of Astrology there lie concealed so many secrets of
Nature which are only superficially hidden, that it behoves every
earnest student to search diligently for the principles first,—and then,
by a method of division and sub-division go straight to the details,
and thus arrange them under the proper headings.
A flower is a thing of beauty, and a joy to all who can appreciate
its splendours; hence we can easily see from the above table that it
comes under Venus. Its various colours and its aroma are due to
other influences, what may be termed sub-divisions of the Venus
influence ; and thence we may proceed further to sub-divisions of sub-
divisions, that may be readily classified by a competent astrologer;
and which, rightly understood, will not only add to his knowledge of
flower language, but also widen his vision and increase his admiration
for that which cannot be seen by normal eyesight and ordinary
imagination.

It has been my hope and ambition for many years to see a good
and sound Astrological Society working on these lines, and a first
attempt has been made in the present Society by
study forn,'n6 i'5 members into groups, in the hope that
each group will specialise its studies in a direction
that may be chosen by the Council. This method should work well,
and there is no reason why groups of students should not be formed
throughout the world, each united to the Mother Group that now
exists in the Council of ihe Astrological Society.
The old methods of isolated study have so far proved a failure,
for there is no single student who can say definitely, or with authority,
under which sign of the Zodiac certain cities of the world may be
classified; and yet this is admitted to be an important desideratum
for the practical working of National or Mundane Astrology.
Supposing, however, that a Group in the Astrological Society devoted
the whole of their attention to the study of races and nations, they
would not be long in discovering which particular planet each race
belonged to. A further discovery would be that each native of every
race belonged to a planetary ruler who governed a sub-division of that
race.
The spirit of an age finds itself reflected in the spirit of the hour,
represented by the influence of the ruler of its sub-division. This
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

idea is at the root of the doctrine of Planetary Hours, the general

truth of which is admitted though very rarely tested in any very
practical sense.
* *
I might fill my Observatory month after month with ideas that
are unthought of by students, which if considered would do much to
develop a rapid unfoldment of a grander star-lore
Th
^teedfuIlJn^ t an las
^ ' ^et ^een dreamed of. This however I
cannot do at present, for it would mean talking
over the heads of many who are still in the elementary stage, and for
whom the A B C of Astrology is as much as they can yet grasp. But
as I have said, I do hope the present Astrological Society will shortly
develop into a number of Groups, the special study of each being one
branch alone of this great and mighty system of thought to which we
have given our attention.
This work, however, cannot be safely carried out unless each
individual member of the Group is prepared to amalgamate mentally
and co-operate practically with his fellow students. Should there be
any such amongst those who read this it will be my joy to know that
he or she has written to the Hon. Secretary of the Society for
particulars concerning those Groups that are now in the process of
formation.

A Correspondent submits the following rhymed versions of the

Editor's Aphorisms on page 337 of August issue, from which we may infer
that he endorses them :—
1. Whoso hath Regulus on First Degree,
By Worth excels his birth in Fate's decree.
2. If Sun kiss Moon, and hold the same degree
In different persons' Natal Maps, we'll see—
Attracting Magnets will those persons be;
As Sign, and House, and Aspects shall agree.
3« The Ruling Planet of our Horoscopes
'S not always he who rules th' Ascending Sign,
But he who by Position holds the ropes
As reins which draw the others into line.
We should be glad to hear the views of other readers on these Aphorisms^
 437

Expansion anil (Kontrarfian

The forces of life are ever playing on humanity, joy and sorrow
follow each on the steps of the other; and no personal life that has
not been, to some extent at least, watered by the rain of tears and
warmed and quickened by the sunshine of happiness, can be said to
have been lived to any purpose. For human growth and evolution
depend not only on the unfolding of consciousness, but also on the
purity and sensitiveness of the vehicles through which that conscious-
ness manifests; and neither can work alone. The developing con-
sciousness demands fuller and fuller expression, whilst the form
becomes more plastic and adaptable to fit the expanding life. For
all real knowledge (in every sense of the word) can only be based on
experience. In fact we can have no skill or power of doing, that was
not in its time wrought out in the studio, in the laboratory, in the market
place, in the perils of navigation or in the peaceful strenuousness of
agriculture, in the bustle of the crowded city or in the quiet of the
hermit life. And in the same way, too, this is true of our feelings,
the fruits of our emotional experiences being discovered in our hopes
and fears, our affections and aversions, our aspirations, our griefs, and
our joys.
The two planets that are in the main concerned with the
vibrations of sorrow and joy are Saturn and Jupiter.
Saturn causes long drawn-out suffering, and his vibration has
a curious effect on the vehicles or vestures the soul wears. It pro-
duces contraction, and solidification, and hence effective strength is
evolved; for pain tends to throw the soul inward, from circumference
to centre, and each centre is permanent and remains for all time,
when the circumference is finally removed. In the centre lies that
power of vibrating in a particular manner so that one can ever repeat
it when occasion demands. So that whatever vibration tends to
strengthen a centre is very necessary, as it causes stability and power.
It has been stated by those who know, that every bud of pain
becomes eventually a fruit of power, that all power and strength is
evolved by pain. And Saturn rules the great contractive force of
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
the world, and teaches by pain ; or, in other words, he " scourgeth
every mother's son that he receiveth." Yet it is while he is in the
darkness of ignorance that the acutest suflering is felt, for the moment
the sufferer understands the use and purpose of pain, or in other
words understands why lie suffers, the bitterness is past. But to
suffer blindly, unknowing of any reason why pain of any kind should
be bravely endured, that is the deepest sting of all. A man thus
suffering envies his more fortunate brother the sunshine of happiness
while he himself stands in the shade, but the point of view is changed
when he can reason on his suffering. To know and to understand, is
to see a ray of light entering the gloom.
The astrologer who has wisdom would prefer suffering and the
experience it engenders to a colourless life. For what does a dull,
narrow life mean? It means limitation and the youth of the soul.
For when the life can only vibrate within a very limited range, without
the force of contrast or vivid experience, it is in the Kindergarten
school of life and is shielded from those rough experiences that would
only break instead of teaching.
To the advancing soul, however, all experiences are welcome, for
the consciousness understands what is happening even while the
vehicles are strained wellnigh to breaking point. A life without
contrast, an eventless life, is a stationary one in which little progress is
made—at least so far as regards the dominating of spirit by matter.
Only the strong can carry heavy burdens ; the feeble form could not
adapt itself to carry a load so heavy, but would fall beneath it.
Adaptability is the hall-mark of the soul's strength ; and a life in
which there is much vicissitude, pain, suffering and shock is only for
the elders in the human family. Such contrast arouses perception,
and the more that perception is turned inward the quicker and more
rapid becomes the evolution. Joy is pain's twin brother; thus when
Saturn has played his part, and given strength wrought by suffering,
Jupiter teaches the soul by joy. And so a time of harmony, peace
and concord succeeds the storm and stress; and yet curiously enough
one sometimes finds that the soul which bravely endured life's
tempests droops and falls in the sunshine, that ease and freedom from
care produce laziness and inertia, and that in very many cases the
enjoyments of life prove more injurious to the soul than any suffering!
To work when we need not, to be active when our position
 EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION 439
enables us to take things quietly, to live for others in conditions that
engender self-love, to remember and to live amidst material ease and
material enjoyment the spiritual life—to do this requires great
strength. For when great gifts come to us we can only safely use
them if we remember we are but stewards, not owners; and the soul
that has grown strong under the lash of Saturn is more likely to stand
the temptations of Jupiter. Whilst Saturn is chastening us we do at
least remember our " Father in Heaven," even although it be but to
invoke His protection, but in a life of material comfort and physical
ease it is possible to stifle the soul's aspiration while living absorbed
in earthly joys. Yet both experiences, contraction and expansion,
must play upon us; for the soul has to learn each phase of vibration
and the effect it produces. I believe we grow and expand through
the vibrations of Jupiter, and contract and harden through the vibra-
tions of Saturn. Anyway, they are the great pair of opposites that
only by contrast can we ever know, for none can understand bliss that
has not felt pain, and none can understand light except by comparing
it with darkness. Under the influence of joy all the vehicles are
working harmoniously, or drawing in and receiving, so that we are
actually conscious of becoming " more " as it were.
In time we shall have to learn the lesson of keeping our balance
amidst these pairs of opposites, and one way has been suggested
which may commend itself to the student. It is this : Try not to
allow joy to so elate you that you forget altogether the sorrow of the
world, or sorrow so to agonise you that you lose your hold on joy,
When you find elation and bliss almost transport you, remember the
dark hours you have known, and when the pain comes remember the
hours of bliss.
Thus, in time shall we be able to dominate, to some extent, the
forces playing upon us and not allow them to spoil our lives. By
trying to do this we shall invoke the aid of Mercury, the planet of
wisdom, who softly whispers to us, " Spirit is neither pleasure nor
pain, joy or sorrow, but Peace "; and wisdom's voice is mighty and
deep in the heart of man it chanteth ever the song of peace.
Perhaps there is nothing that the sad and aching hearts of men
and women cry out more for than peace; finding that joy follows
sorrow and sorrow joy, they begin to demand of the gods what is the
secret of peace, and the answer comes in "balance." To be balanced
 440 MODERN ASTROLOGY

in pleasure and in pain, to have the steady consciousness that love in

a very real way is at the heart of the universe, that a perfect law
governs it, is to have come to a place of safety amidst the roar and
swirl of the waters of life. For peace is born of understanding, and
to understand the divine plan will lead us to seek (even if in ever so
small a way) to co-operate with it. Think what it must mean to
understand that everything is working itself out, no matter how un-
satisfactory things may seem to our blinded eyes down here, to a
perfect end ; for out of ignorance we all have to be born into wisdom.
In the darkness we think we are alone, and separate, but in the
light of wisdom we understand that we are all one, and that the
" peace which passeth all understanding" is built on brotherly love
and co-operation—by living in the greater self.
Out of the travail of many lives lived for the separated self in
darkness and ignorance, we have at lust found the light and know
that the personal life only becomes valuable as it may serve others,
that each is a channel for the divine life and that "in His service
there is perfect freedom."
Bessie Leo.

Death of Mr. Reader Harris, K.C.—Death took place at 10.4s p.m. on

Tuesday, March 30th, as the result of a paralytic stroke received some few
days before. Mr. Harris was the fouudcr of the Pentecostal League and
Editor of its official organ Tongues of Fire. He had just completed at the
Polytechnic in Regent Street a series of lectures on "The Signs of the
Zodiac " which he interpreted in a scriptural manner. He had had a very
remarkable career, having been successively engineer, barrister, K.C.,
Bencher, editor, author and, incidentally, preacher ! He was born sl7i\7i
the planetary positions at noon 011 that date being :—©$15, DV 15; 5 jL 8,
2 SI 37i (? T 12, if 25 2, b K 13 R., Ig T 18, H o R,. He was a good
and sincere man and his loss will be much felt. His little book on the
Ten Commandments entitled The .Manuscript of God shows a devout mind
and much intuition.

" Beware of emotion that finds no vent in action. Beware of excitement

or interest that evaporates in applause or enthusiasm. ... If you want
to be a real human being and not a walking corpse—yes, that is what a
great many people are—if you want to be a real human being, let your
words be less than your actions, and never more."
From a Speech by Mis. Pet hick Lawrence.
 44*

Hfsult of (Eampetitian £to. 12

When originally announcing this Competition in Modern Astro-

logy for March (p, 124) we remarked that there was a novelty about
it. Every reader will know by this time, of course, that the identity
of the "subject" of any Competition is known to «o beside the
Sub-Editor, the Editor and the staff being entirely ignorant of it until
the result appears in print. But in this case the Sub-Editor, who
has sole charge of these Competitions'did not himself know whose
was thehoroscopepublished, until Dr. Appel—who suggested the idea,
and who has throughout kindly acted as intermediary—returned the
selected delineations with the native's comments. Dr. Louise Appel
it will be remembered, was the subject of Competition No. ir.
This has been a novel Competition in more senses than one,
perhaps. It was known that the native was no believer in Astrology,
and it would seem that his non-belief, or rather perhaps disbelief, has
rendered the task of adjudication more difficult than might be
expected. Indeed, one is in places tempted to think he has exchanged
the part of judge for that of " counsel for the prosecution " ! This,
however, no one need grumble about; after eleven remarkably suc-
cessful Competitions it would be very ungrateful to complain because
the twelfth was a " failure," as it might ungenerously be termed. It
will be enough here to express our very hearty thanks to the native
for the kindness he has shown and the pains he has been at, to read
and pass judgment upon some dozen or more " character-studies "
arrived at by a process he has no belief in or sympathy with what-
ever,—as he frankly tells us. What it means thus to run counter to
all one's beliefs, and publicly handle something one personally regards
as ridiculous, let any reader imagine for himself by supposing a
parallel case; and he will then feel how very real is the obligation we
are under to this gentleman. We ourselves do not share his attitude
towards Astrology, nor his conclusions in regard to the present Com-
petition, but the kindly spirit in which he has amid a press of other
work, and various anxieties, lent himself to this task; and the
trenchant and lively manner in which he has exposed the discrepancies
442 MODERN ASTROLOGY

and inaccuracies of competitors ;—these are things which we can and

do appreciate and gratefully acknowledge.
Lest it be thought (if such a thing be possible) that we imply any
reflection on this gentleman's views by these remarks, let us append
the opening of a pamphlet written by him on "Vivisection and Moral
Evolution";* it sounds the keynote of the man, besides affording a
good example of his clear style and home-reaching argument.

THE HOROSCOPE
Zrcifk 9f South PotHT.

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Naiif & North Point.

" The chief difficulty of staling the case for moral antagonisnd to
Vivisection is that inherent in all ethical teaching. Persons are not in the
habit of reasoning out their moral conclusions which, in almost all cases,
rest directly on feeling or on the pressure of the social environment. Let
anybody who doubts this ask himself why he objects to cannibalism. He
will probably find—if he has sufficient analytic ability to find anything of
the sort—that man-eating has never presented itself to him as a matter to
be reasoned about, and that he is somewhat shocked even at its being thought
of in this way. The idea of argument—Euclid notwithstanding—is closely
associated in the popular mind with that of uncertainty. Most people are
such bad reasoners that they almost instinctively seek some other'guide.
• Issued by ThiAnimah"Gu,ardian, tj. Regent Street, London, W. {post jvu jM.),
from whom also can be obtained a Pricii of the evidence given by the author belote
the Royal Commission on Vivisection. Dec, 3rd. 1907 (post frti. is. 2d.)
 RESULT OF I'RIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 443
Some of my good friends think that they have discovered this guide, and
would say that the condemnation of cannibalism is intuitive. But this, I
opine, only means that they recognise a very pronounced disposition to this
effect in themselves and in others with whom they are acquainted, and are
both unable and indisposed to account for it. It has not existed in all
human beings. Even members of the more civilised races have occasionally
resorted to eating their comrades in case of shipwreck, and thought them-
selves justified in doing so. I know what my own feeling was, forty-five
years ago, towards eating pork, and what is the feeling of some of my
non flcsh-catingfriends towards feeding, say, on roast lamb. In both these
cases, the sentiment is strictly akin to that with which ordinary folk in
Europe regard cannibalism.
" Now, just as I believe that the feeling against feeding on human
beings admits of explanation by the method of comparison and analysis, so
I hold that Anti-Vivisectionist sentiment may be treated in the same way;
and that its scientific justification or condemnation must come as a result of
that ordeal. The masses of mankind, on the one side and on the other,
may be incapable of finding—very many of them even of understanding—
the solution of these problems; but solved they must be, unless we are
content, in the most important matters, blindly to follow impulse. It is
no detraction from the value of scientific ethics that its conclusions are thus
worked out. The truth is that the original thinking of mankind, on all
subjects, has always been done by a very few individuals: and I see no
signs of a change in this respect. If, therefore, the great majority of Anti-
Vivisectionists have not thought out for themselves the logic of their
position, they are only in the same position as the like majority on the other
side, and, indeed, as all save a small minority on all fundamental
questions whatever. . . "
Under the title of " A Modern Spinoza," the Jacnsli Chronicle for
July 17th. igoS,^ says of this gentleman that he:
" . . . has so many qualifications, is active in such various directions,
and his writings range over such a wide range of topics, that it is difficult to
state in a few words what his exact place is in the world of letters and action.
Sometimes he is spoken of as an economist, and if his fame rested only upon
his economical lectures and writings it would be by no means inconsiderable.
His Short Studies iu Economic Subjects in the ' Personal Rights Series,' of
which he is the editor, stamps him as an original thinker in this branch of
investigation, and one who is at variance with John Stuart Mill in regard to
the theory of the laws of distribution. On the occasion of his recent visit to
Paris to do honour to the memory of Qnesnay and Turgot, the leading French
economists gave ample proofs of the reputation in which they hold him as
an original thinker. Much of his economical work has been done in connec-
tion with the National Liberal Club, of whose Political Economy Circle he
was for many years Honorary Secretary, acting at the same time as editor
of its 'Transactions.' In recognition of his services in this capacity, the
Circle, nearly seven years ago, presented him with his portrait, painted by
Solomon J. Solomon. At one time he was on the Council of the Land
Tenure Reform Association, of which John Stuart Mill was President. It
was in conjunction with Mill and other authorities on economics, that he
wrote for the Examiner in the seventies of the last century.
" Perhaps he is best known in this country as an Individualist, in which
capacity it has fallen to him to champion the rights of all classes of sentient
creatures, including the animal creation. He has written and lectured and
* Copies of this issue may still he obtained, price one shilling each.—Eo.
444 MODERN ASTROLOGY
argued on ' The Enfranchisement of Women,' ' The Rights of Animals,'
' State Vaccination, with special reference to some principles of Ancient
Judaism,''Freedom the Basic Condition of Morality,' 'The Necessity for
Criminal Appeal,' and similar topics. Many of his theories have been put
forward in the Individualist, which he edits for the 'Personal Rights
Association.' Of this organisation he is Hon. Secretary and the moving spirit.
He has taken a prominent part in the movement for appeal which grew out
of the Maybrick case. One of the foremost opponents of vivisection, he
acted, until recently, as Chairman of the Board of Management of the Anti-
Vivisection Hospital at Battersea. As an anti-vaccinationist he has been no
less prominent than as an anti-vivisectionist. He was at one time Vice-
President of the London Society for the Abolition of Compulsory Vaccination.
These are the grounds which he has given us for the position he has taken
up in this matter :—
" 1 In the first place I regard compulsory vaccination as an unjustifiable
interference with personal liberty, a cruel invasion of parental rights. I may
have my own view that vaccination is desirable, but I have no more right to
force that view upon my neighbour than I would have to impose my religious
opinions upon him. There is a diHierenceof opinion among medical men as
to the value of %-accination ; what the majority believe to-day they may dis-
believe to-morrow ; and therefore the State has no right to interfere in such a
contention, and throw the whole of its weight on the one side. Nor has it
any right to tax people to support a doctrine in which they do not believe,
and which many people even hold in contempt and think utterly mischievous.
The whole question at bottom is not medical at all, but political. When
the child Mortara was forcibly taken away many years ago from its Jewish
parents in Italy, and baptised and brought up as a Roman Catholic, great
indignation was expressed throughout Europe, and in England particularly,
at this invasion of parental rights. But our vaccination laws do much the
same thing in that they refuse to parents the right to bring up their children
in the way they think best. And independently of the question of personal
rights, in mj' opinion the whole of our present system of inoculating people
with certain diseases in order that they may escape others, is bad and
destined to perish
The whole article is unfortunately too long for reproduction, but
those who care to procure the issue in question will find it of more
than ephemeral interest. It is a little interesting, by the way, to find
a man born under Leo with his ruler in Cancer, editing a paper
called the Individualist for the "Persona! Rights Association"—Leo
being the sign specially associated with the individuality and Cancer
with the personality.
And now, perhaps, we cannot do better than give the First
and Second Prize delineations, following these with the Adjudi-
cator's Report, after which we shall venture to add a few comments
ourselves.
We need hardly remind our readers of the meanings of the
symbols used in marking the delineations ; they are,
0
remarkably (rue. " incorrect.
' quite correct. doublful.
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 445

FIRST PRIZE
To describe a horoscope such as the one before me is a difficult
and complex matter. To a contemplative and speculative mind the po^-erfuj
tte
magnitude of our task will be probably more or less understood and
sympathised with. I trust this competition will convince you that to
compute and ascertain the potentialities of both the character and
career is a possible feat to the astrologer, at the same time the exact
degree of action which the Free will of the native has rendered to q
these powers and opportunities is probably not shown in the nativity.
In this paper I shall endeavour to avoid generalities, and deal as
much as possible with particularities and personal features of
character and fortune.
The general configuration of the heavens proclaims you to be a ], j-oth
pioneer of thought.0 An individual who lives by, in, and through his * ^ 9
mind.0 To think is to live, and your life is in thought. Your whole 0 5 a '?
life, and also physical form, is constructed for the object of thought, * ^
to conceive and project into this physical plane, abstract theories and
mental desires.0 Your desires (ambitions and tastes) are in sympathy
with your temperament (physical ability); hence they become a 0*5
power and a light in the work of your life,0 on the theory that unity is
strength.
A highly nervous temperament, capable of keen apprehension0 ® 0 5
and a sensitive contact with the world,' is the very type of organism yg Asc
for your soul of mental harmony, beauty and balance, to realise and
manifest its greatest powers to completion. The basic chord of your 5 cs
life is mental harmony, which interprets itself in hundreds of differentia-
tions. A love of true knowledge, evolution of the human character, s
a desire to produce in the world beauty, and harmony,0 and happiness,0 ^ & 25
but always through the mental plane.0 You study human nature'"
and theories of communication. You write, read, and speak upon great
questions of education.0 You have the wish to better and improve 0 ^ s in ra
the literature'" and mental standing' of the public. All these attri- * ^
butes are blended with benevolence,0 kindness,' a versatility of ability,0 ® & 5
(especially humorous anecdotes), grasping details'" and yet seeing ever 5 ^
before you a synthesis" and grand ideal0 in your work. You possess ^ 9 rf 0 * j
great power in dealing with both individuals' and the masses.' Keen a©
knowledge and instantaneous perception, argument,0and writing0have
 MODHKN ASTROLOGY
Asc. played a great part in a career marked with romance.' The close
presence of Neptune exalts all the above qualities into a field of
yiA 5 excitement and romance, and I gather beneath his great disruptive
(p o , , , ,
force you have sought experience and intellectual enlightenment in
strange ways and methods. You have specialised' in several fields of
W & $ strong thought. I gather you have been a literary man, a reporter," you
G S in m in have held positions concerning the moral welfare of the unfortunate,'
by ^ you have had to speak and fight in litigation with your brains. Your
jnrii* work has many friends,0 and is very popular amongst the scientific'
and pleasure-reading" public.
" There's a divinity which shapes our ends,
Rough-hew them how we will."
Note here the Sun hidden away in the twelfth house.
G afflicted You do not appear to have been favoured in your aspirations and
ty
' ^ desires, rather have you been forced to fight through an adverse en-
vironment of non-sympathy.0 Financial embarrassments," heavy
losses of guardians, and possibly large and serious frauds," legal,"
^ ^ in and concerning wills" and legacies," have seriously militated against
Many stmng your social standing. A whole paper could be written concerning
rays in and, strange happenings of a startling nature with which you have been
8th & 12th & , . _ . .
7th houses involved in money matters." liusiness aftairs in practical manage-
O 9 in a & ments and financial dealings concerning large industrial concerns,"
*^ & ® an environment of trade and industry." Your family seem to have
educated your business, practical, utilitarian side of character rather
than favouring your mental aspirations.0 Also here I note various
7/ & tji afflic. vicissitudes of fortune and serious losses through the failure of great
firms, banks," etc.
O9 av Your greatest success is connected with your old age, concerning
in 4th your writings or some special mental work peculiar to yourself. You
Va 5 « will be widely known and popular amongst literary people of science
and the higher thought (the literary public).
Marriage.—High romantic ideals destined naturally to fall short
» hi » Asc. 0{ your own standard, requiring a mental companion and friend in
your wife. You have been fortunate in your lady friends0 and are
heavily probably married,0 peculiar circumstances are connected therewith
afflicted

• Is not ij0 a rather extreme orb for the Moou ?—En.

 RESULT OK PRI2E COMPETITION NO. 12 447
and you have gone through much hardship (maybe stirring adventures)
on behalf of women friends.0 In courtship and marriage very ^ * Asc-
successful,0 but the wife may be afflicted in body0 or else in fortune. ? << j. o ¥•
Drifting from character to environment for a moment (two a \ . , ,
^ L*- « O J
opposite forces) I note here your life is full of adventure' and strange l ?
coincidences," especially on journeys in dealing with friends, letters ^
and the public.
I come now to a very complex side of your nature. Ideal, en- * * *
thusiastic, with the soul of the artist and the brain of an author, there 5 * D
is a secret meditation upon the sombre and the awful, terrible scenes, ^ ^ '
and the dark tragedies of lower life affect the calm equilibium of your '> s D
bright, clear and otherwise optimistic, mind. Mysteries, genius, and of
inspiration will spur you into strange quests and dark places, a mar- l: & V
vellous mind for intrigue and plot, solving mysteries by psychic
powers of mind." This position renders you capable of being stern0
and uncompromising0 with great courage' of the defensive order.'" ^ ^
Some thing or people concerned with the unfortunate in the world I0th 4th s D
seems to f , ■
have arousedj your temper andj obstinacy to great tension.0 also -
I gather you suffer much pain in discerning the fall of human ideals," © s ® 13111
and perceiving social and moral evils."
I notice here in passing an adverse ray to health, probably at ^ &
some period
r a violent affliction in the throat," also urinaryJ disorders. al"'c- D.
' crrfjinn
Beyond some attack upon a journey" by ruffians' your health seems to
have been good.'
My space bids me leave this fascinating study of your character
all incomplete, to your just criticism, and I will close with some
remarks concerning that other great factor in our lives, Fate, or ? 0 ij p jf
environment. Certain it is that stirring circumstances will attend s
your aftairs with the fair sex; perfect love0 seems followed by ? d s » Asc
crushing grief,0 or suffering of the lady concerned. You will beos*giotli
fortunately connected with some lands—farming and agriculture,— m&rri
also business under this heading. Your ambitions will often be in a © 5 ^ ^
different direction from your station in life, consequently" you have
constantly been struggling in various forms with circumstances. A ^
Your genius aided by your character will have brought you to the ^ high »V c

" See previous footnote ; here the orb is 200!—Ed.

 MODERN ASTROLOGY
front, and when there your friends and the public will render your
fame and work lasting.
Apollo.
0
[Summary:— z8, ' rz, " i6, 4.]

SECOND PRIZE

The whole tendency of this nativity is so pronouncedly occult''

and idealistic0 that I think it is most admirably symbolised by
Charubel's delineation of Sb 140—" A large bubble floating on the water,
in which are seen all the colours blending; denotes an admirer of the
sublime and beautiful, an idealist, an occultist " He will be,
5® above all things, an idealist,0 and will strive with all the abundant
[' 0 energy' which he possesses to realise his ideals which are very high.'
! 111 The cultivated occultism of the Orient will appeal to him much more
1 forcibly than the misty mysticism of the West, for, being a clear
! * 5) a i; thinker," he will try to express spiritual truth in concrete terms.' He
jmpn is intensely sympathetic," though he will not always display it;"'
his thoughts are with the multitude," the helpless and the oppressed"
and so much will he feel for others that I am not sure but that he will
sometimes feel weary of physical life.0 Selfishness finds no place in
his character ; in his treatment of others tolerance,' charity,' and
generosity' will always be prominent. Indeed he is perhaps just a trifle
too considerate'Jor others. He is very sensitive" and being somewhat
reserved'" will live a great deal on the inner planes. He is fearfully
restless," though this may not be always apparent to others, for he
will try to control it.0 There will be large conscientiousness,0 much
patriotism' (not of the ordinary mafficking type") considerable energy'
and enthusiasm in addition to no small amount of perseverance' and
tenacity." The decision may not be quick" but once made is never
frustrated." He is too kind-hearted to be much of a fighter" and when
crossed will, crab-like, retire within his shell," preferring to treat the
enemy with disdain and contempt" rather than with harshness. While
he is extraordinarily generous to others he will endeavour to be frugal
in his own wants'" and be economical with both time and energy.*"
There is, too, much prudence, forethought and diplomacy and the
desire to be doing two things at once will trouble him not a little.'
His perception of the dramatic" and humorous' side of things is acute
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 449
but the peculiar Cancerian hatred of pose will prevent him from being
much of a raconteur', though he conld write to some advantage.'
Despite his strenuousness his life will appear to have been more or
less fated. He will be very particular in regard to his surroundings
at meals, prefering music and harmonious conditions generally. y>6th
The Mentality is an excellent one,0 he being profoundly thought- 5 ®
ful, contemplative0 and very active" and acute0 mentally. There will ^ ^"l
be much observation" and quiet thinking' and active faculties of 5
imagination' and constructiveness will give him poetical' or literary' * ^
ability. His energies are eminently literary and he may excel as a <r d ? tr
short adventure story writer." He is much more" a student and philo-
sopher than a debater. His memory will be unique, especially for 5 ®
faces and forms," and had " colour " been a little stronger, with such ^
idealism and imagination he might have been an artist. He is
tremendously adaptable' and up-to-date and will perhaps be a reformer 8th
of some experience.0 Such things as spiritualism, new thought, and
after-death states will interest him greatly and there is little doubt
that he is a Mason." Some peculiar and extraordinary dreams or
psychic experiences would no doubt fall to him about the age of 22."
Profession.—This is evidently in connection with literature or ^ c. y
journalism and may be in connection with literary associations or ^ n IItl1
semi-public concerns.0 He may at some time have been connected
with a charitable institution. There is also a tendency to carry on 0 ? ^
more than one profession at the same time.0 In his work he will have n
been helped by, or may gain principally through women'" rather ? n
than men.
Finances.—What portion of this world's goods he may obtain
will be by his own efforts," and gain being here shown from journal- n*
ism,' occultism," etc., obviously his profession is the principal" source
of income. He might gain also in connection with drugs or chemistry ^ ^
and possibly by speculation, though care would be necessary in the f 5tlt
latter. In the literary way perhaps apart from occultism, he would
be most successful in writing humorous matter. There may have n|( 2n(j
been a legacy but I am afraid he would never receive it. His partner ^ gth a
or wife will involve most loss, possibly through ill-health." He ^ 2nd
should never lend money to friends or he will lose it. Most probably ^
he would be successful away from birthplace, in an easterly direction, 4th
rather than" westward. descending
 45° MODERN ASTROLOGY
Environment.—His early environment would be rather cramp-
ing" and in spite of his efforts his career would seem more or less
fated and would only gradually though surely unfold. His parents
would be greatly attached to each other but would not particularly
aid him. I should say he has inherited" all the force and energy of
his mother and all the kind-hearted geniality of his father. He will
have many friends0, many of them deeply attached, but I judge he will
have drunk the cup of bitterness" in this connection and have lost
some of them while gaining by others. There would be troubles
amongst them through jealousies between men and women," possibly
cousins." He will have lost by inferiors," or servants who would
prove treacherous." Towards the end of life he will tend to become
an ascetic and with such ideals may possibly have entered " The
Path."
Marriage.—The course of love would not run smooth and
he will have had his share of disappointments. He would eventually
marry a woman older" than himself who would be very steadfast and
prove a great help to him. He would meet her in connection with a
death or sickness." She will probably be of delicate health" and possibly
?0 highly idealistic,0 if not something of a genius." There is a slight
possibility of a second marriage but in regard to this, as in other
points, the difficulty is to judge how far the native will have been
swayed by the stars and how far he will have transcended them, for
here is a person whose sympathies are almost too broad and generous
to find adequate expression in married life, and I might almost say he
loves humanity as much as a wife. If married there is likelihood of
twins."
Constitution.—A somewhat tall" person, fair complexion," light
brown" hair, roundish face," remarkable eyes, broad chested, other-
wise fairly medium." The lungs only are liable to trouble," probably
bronchitis or asthma. He will live to a good old age, and preserve
his vitality wonderfully. There is not much robustness,' but little
ill-health,' though he may have caught some infectious disease while
abroad," or then developed lung trouble." The death will be sudden
and peculiar, perhaps through electricity.
Travelling.—He will have travelled a great deal," principally
by land. There would be long water journeys" and he will have
sojourned abroad for more or less protracted periods." May (lie abroad.
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 45I

P.S.—I observe the native is said to be no believer in Astrology;

this I take to be a mere negative position for I can hardly believe
that he positively disbelieves it, in which case I should advise a
careful rectification of the nativity.*
Libranos.
0
[Summary 30, ' 22, " 32, 5.]

ADJUDICATOR'S REPORT

In adjudicating on these horoscopes I desire to repeat—what I

said before I undertook the task—that I have not the faintest belief
in Astrology ; and if, as one of the writers, " Libranos," hints in a
postscript, " a careful rectification of the nativity " is necessary on
this account, I shall submit to it with equanimity ; though it does
seem to derogate somewhat from the influence of the stars.
Another explanation I must make. Some of the questions dealt
with relate to outward facts which are more or less easily verifiable;
others refer to my mental and moral characteristics. A man's own
judgment of the latter may not be a very safe guide. In my case,
however, I think it may be trusted. At 71 years of age, with an
intellectual character such as the writers correctly attribute to me, I
ought to know myself. And I do not palter with the truth. Most
men strive to be modest, or are under the influence of conceit. My
endeavour is neither to under-estimate myself, nor to over-estimate.
Conceit, when pronounced, is an unamiable trait; but a self-contempt
or self-mistrust which paralyses the action of an able man, and stunts
his life, is a much more serious matter. For the ability thus con-
temned gradually dries up, and a great and good life may be lost to
mankind—at least in its most important manifestations.
Now let me say what I have learnt from these horoscopes. First,
as to my physical characteristics : Rufus tells me that I am " strong,
with a fine ennobling appearance, tall with plentiful hair, light while
young, getting darker as age advances." Libranos says I am "a
somewhat tall person, fair complexion, light brown hair," and Uranus
says much the same. Now I must confess that, being a " materialist,"
I have been in the habit of trusting to a foot-rule in measurements of
0
We are inclined to think the slated time of birth quite correct, and in no
need of rectification.—Ed.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

my height, and that this low Western method has resulted in my

conviction that I am only 5ft. 3in. in stature. My hair, too, judged
by the same coarse method, was very dark in my youth and early
manhood, but is now liberally tinged with white ; but in an " occult "
sense it may have been fair and may now be getting progressively
darker. Rtt/iis also tells me that I am " liable to severe chills and lung
complaints." This is no doubt true from the astrological point of
view; but one af my oldest and most intimate friends is lost in
astonishment at my imperviousness to changes in temperature; the
ablest physician whom I have ever consulted told me; " You have
the strong lungs of your race "; and I have never had any chest com-
plaint. Noctiluca tells me there may be an impediment in my speech.
I am quite sure that many people wish there were. Bonaspes avers that
my complexion is not good. I am not of that opinion; but I agree
with him that I am not expert with my hands. I agree also with
Pandora that a temperate life has enabled me to throw off illnesses.
Of my personal history I have learnt much. Nemo is right in
saying that part of my life was spent in hopelessly cramped surround-
ings [Libranos says this too), and that the twenty-fourth year of my life
was a "crucial period.Apollo is correct in saying that I have had
to fight through an adverse and unsympathetic environment. Rufus
says much the same thing ; but he adds that I dominate the thoughts
and doings of a large body. I am glad to hear this. Noctiluca says
my father probably died in my childhood. He died exactly twenty-
nine years after my birth and in the same room. Dele/afiw/rt correctly
says that companionships seem to be a vital necessity for me; but his
statement that I am " inclined to cling to the past" is news for me.
Libranos says that I have " a tendency to carry on more than one
profession at the same time " and that my work " will have been helped
by women rather than men " ; and I agree with this. He adds that I
" will have lost by inferiors or servants who would prove treacherous" ;
and other of the horoscopists say the same. Now this is utterly at
variance with what I should myself say. No person could have been
better served by employees. I have great contempt for people who
are constantly complaining of their servants; and I hold that generally
they have the servants they deserve. Bonaspes tells me that I have

* This is true ; but 1 have bad several crucial periods.

 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 453
" business or trade with sharp implements connected with agricul-
ture." This is so far correct that I once bought a spade and a rake
for use in my garden. He also says I made a long journey between
20 and 30 years of age. So far as I can remember I did not leave
England in those ten years.
As regards my mental characteristics Ntmo says I have a brain
that enables me " to see both sides of every question simultaneously,"
and that mentally I " will oscillate." Apollo says the heavens pro-
claim me to be a pioneer of thought—that I have a highly nervous
temperament capable of keen apprehension ; and in this I concur with
the heavens. But he adds that mysteries will spur me into strange
quests; and that I have "a marvellous mind for intrigue and plot,
solving mysteries by psychic powers of mind." This last point does
not accord with my own judgment. I would say that I lack both the
power and the taste for intrigue, and hold mysteries in contempt.
Sunrise says that " music and the fine arts have a great attraction "
for me. My own verdict would be that the search for Truth and
Justice, and not the search for Beauty, is the passion of my life.
Rufus correctly credits me with the desire of "getting at the truth "
and " telling the truth at the risk of being obnoxious." But he says
that religion is a sore point with me—that I " would like to believein a
Deity." I never " to believe" anything. I seek the truth, and
when I have found it, or think I have, believe it and proclaim it,
whether it be welcome to me or not. Dc te fabulasays " the evidences
of great versatility are striking," and I think they are; but I do not
agree that I " would have made a good actor." Libranos says I am
" pronouncedly occult and idealistic," that " the cultivated occultism
of the Orient will appeal " to me. It may appeal; but it will get no
response. He adds that my mentality is an excellent one, and that I
have literary ability. Other of my horoscopists have said this; and I
have some slight suspicion that my identity to this extent at least has
leaked out. Libranos says I had " some peculiar and extraordinary
dreams or psychic experiences about the age of 22 "; but
Pandora is right in saying that I have " no patience with dreamers,"
and I hope she is also right in saying that I am " very sane and healthy
mentally "—notwithstanding my present occupation !
Nemo says I am sympathetic, and am by temperament either a
whole-hearted idealist or an equally out-and-out materialist; but that
454 MODERN ASTROLOGY
I am not selfish, though my sympathies are for the clan or the family
rather than for the world. Everybody who knows me is aware that
this last point is incorrect. Apollo correctly says the basic chord of
my life is a desire to produce in the world beauty, and harmony, and
happiness. He says I am "capable of being stern," that something
"concerned with the unfortunate in the world seems to have aroused"
my " temper and obstinacy to great tension," and that I " suffer much
pain in discerning the fall of human ideals and . . . social and moral
evils." All this is true. Sunrise learns from the stars that I am
proud, inclined to extravagance, too much centred in my family, and
" possibly of strong conservative tendencies." I can regard this only
as a stellar joke, and a very poor one. Rufus thinks that the suspicion
of untruthfulness, and deception generally, attaches to me even among
my friends. This is another joke, or something worse. Noctiluca
credits me with " a very strong character, with the fixedness of
purpose which will overcome obstacles," and says I " will be sincere
and serious in religion, changing slowly but completely." This tallies
with my personal history. De ie fabula attributes to me a jealous
tendency, of which there is not the slighest trace. Libravos says :
" He is intensely sympathetic, though he will not always display it.
His thoughts are with the multitude, the helpless and the oppressed,
and so much does he feel for others that I am not sure but that he
will sometimes feel weary of physical life. Selfishness finds no place
in his character. In his treatment of others, tolerance, charity and
generosity will always be prominent. Indeed, he is perhaps just a
trifle too considerate for others."
I must pass over what is stated with regard to my connection
with finance, which is altogether wide of the mark, and come to what
is said about my married life. Neiuo says quite correctly that I have
been very happily married. Apollo truly says I have been very
successful in marriage, but my wife may be afflicted in body or
fortune, and " perfect love seems followed by a crushing grief or
sufferiug of the lady concerned." Sunrise thinks 1 may have con-
tracted an early marriage—which I did not. Noctiluca judges that
my wife was older than myself, and that she was perhaps sarcastic.
She was seventeen years younger than I, and sarcasm was quite
foreign to her nature. Librauos says I will "eventually" marry a
woman older than myself, who will prove a great help to me. This
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 455

will be very creditable to her, considering her age, especially as " she
will probably be of delicate health." A still more astonishing revela-
tion is that " there is a likelihood of twins." i?j//as also says that my
offspring are numerous, and that I have " no doubt become the father
of twins." Uranus says I " will have a fairly large family, chiefly
sons," while Pandora gives me no children at all. I have two
(daughters) only, separated in age by three years. My wife had
congenital heart disease and died fifteen years ago.
The paper which approximates nearest to the truth is that of
Apollo ; but (as I have no belief in Astrology, and have difficulty in
understanding how any sane person can give credence to it) I regard
this as a mere fluke.
J. H. Levy.
June, 26th, 1909.

And now to our remarks. It is unnecessary to comment upon

the Adjudicator's Report—it speaks for itself. We have, however,
one or two observations to offer on other matters. In the first place,
it is evident that we have shown rather too much latitude in selecting
the delineations to be forwarded; our aim was to offer the widest
opportunity for unsuccessful competitors to have the benefit of the
adjudicator's criticisms, but we have evidently gone too far and must
be more careful in future. We are very grateful to Mr. Levy for show-
ing students in such a clear manner their shortcomings. We have
ourselves ventured one or two gentle hints on former occasions, but it
is evident that a sharper note was needed. Competitors are far too
eager to go into detail, and they are not half careful enough in their
choice of language ; it is quite easy in many cases to see what is meant,
and to see the astrological justification for it; but is a stranger, un-
familiar with astrological thought, to be expected to make these
allowances ? No, of course not. Then let our students profit by the
rather sharp lesson.
Mr. Levy tells us that he has no difficulty in selecting Apollo's
delineation as the best, and that Librattos is entitled to the second
place; but he declares himself unable to attempt the feat of arranging
the other delineations sent him in order of merit, and they are therefore
here arranged alphabetically:—
456 MO»ERN ASTROLOGY
Bonaspa Pandora
Dt te fabula Rufus
Ntmo Sunrise
Noctilnca Uranus
The First Prize {Apollo) goes to Mr. Alec Stuart, of Sherhourne, Grove
Road, Mitcham, Surrey, and the Second Prize (Librnnos) to Mr. W. M.
Davidson, of 49, Armstrong Road, St. John's Road, Ne\vcastle-on-
Tyne. This is the second time Mr. Stuart has been a prize-winner.*
Just a word of wholesome advice to future competitors. Try to
be more definite in your thought, and less definite [more general) in your
words. Do not over-load your delineation with marginal notes.
And don't attempt descriptions of personal appearance, unless you
have had enough experience in this direction to make you feel
sure of your judgment. Even then it is wise to make allowances
for hereditary conditions; a Hindu child and a child of English
parents born at the same place and time would not be altogether alike
in appearance, in spite of the identity of the horoscopes—and yet it is
quite within the bounds of possibility at any time that a Competition
horoscope may be that of a Hindu !
Such remarks as these of course apply more especially to the
unsuccessful competitors, but our prizewinners are not altogether
free from blame in these matters. Thus Libranos tells the native he
•would . . . eventually marry a woman older than himself. The error
in judgment as regards the age of the wife is not the point for the
moment, it is the telling of a man of 71 that he would "eventually"
marry ! when the merest glance at the zodiacal position of Uranus
would have told him the approximate age of the man, if he had
hut stopped to think.
This is an example of sheer carelessness. But the mistake of
Sunrise in using the word "conservative" is a more excusable one.
It is clear from the context that she is not thinking of the political
but of the literal meaning of the word. It is equally clear that the
adjudicator assumed the political meaning to be the one intended.
In this, as in all other cases, the competitor should endeavour to

* In view of criticisms that have been inado on his previous eSort (Sept. '08), it
may be explained here that some of the niar|inal notes referred to the pre-natal
epoch and not the birth horoscope : unfortunately the explanation of this fact wat
omitted at the time.—Ed.
 RESULT OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 12 457

put himself in the place of the adjudicator (who as a rule is quite

unacquainted with astrological thought), and imagine how each sen-
tence he is writing would strike the reader from his point of view. That
is the secret of success in making one's delineation understood; all
the rest is a mere matter of astrological judgment. A correct judg-
ment is not everything, although it is the greatest thing; it is neces-
sary so to word it as to be intelligible, and intelligible in the sense in
which it is meant: and this needs sympathy, tact, and a little imagina-
tion, as well as a slight amount of literary ability. As an example
of what we consider (in this sense) a well-written delineation we may
instance that of Sorrento in the last Competition—we are not here con-
sidering the judgment (which was admittedly inferior to that of
Geraldine), but the manner of expressing it. It need hardly be added
that delineations should be written in the third and not the second
person.
We hope no diffident competitor will be discouraged from
attempt by these remarks. If he is, he will be very foolish, for the
weaknesses we have been pointing out are due rather to carelessness
and want of attention than to any lack of real ability;—in short, it is
the proverbial " haporth o1 tar " that has been omitted. What has
been said would apply equally well to almost any previous Competition
and it is only by chance, as it were, that the present occasion has
provoked utterance.

So much for our Competitors ; and now for a moment to our-

selves. We have had much pleasure in reading Mr. Levy's report.
It is delightlul to find a man of his years—one cannot say of his
age, he will never be old—so full of vitality and humour. ' And we
have always loved a straight hitter, however hard his blows. Me is
pleased to be facetious regarding Astrology, and this we do not in the
least object to. Those laugh best who laugh last, and we can afford
to wail. But when he tells us he suspects his identity must have
leaked out, he has surely overlooked the fact that the implied reflec-
tion is upon Dr. Appel first, and only secondarily upon ourselves ?
He has told us quite frankly that he has no belief in Astrology, that
he cannot understand how any sane man can believe in it, and so
forth ; and therefore it is quite natural that those items the correctness
of which he has so honestly acknowledged, should seem to him to bo
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

" flukes." Will he forgive us, we wonder, if we suggest that there is

a possibility of adopting too firmly an opinion the grounds for which
have not been sufficiently examined? Has he not himself told us, in
the pamphlet quoted, that " Persons are not in the habit of reasoning
out their moral conclusions which, in almost"all cases, rest directly on
feeling or on the pressure of the social environment " ? And is it not
possible that the same may apply to opinions other than moral ? He
will probably find that Astrology has never presented itself to him as
a subject to be reasoned about, and that he is somewhat—we will not
say shocked, but surprised, at its being thought of in this way. Yet
it may be that Astrology lies along the pathway of Truth, and has to
be recognised by those who are journeying in that direction. Such a
traveller Mr. Joseph Hiam Levy undoubtedly is, and no one can
doubt it who studies his life or reads his books. The world needs
more of such men.
Our hearty thanks are due to Dr. Appel for procuring us this
interesting and valuable nativity.

Note by Dr. Appel

An advance copy of the foregoing having been submitted to Dr.
Appel for approval, on returning it she added the following Note :—
A few words from myself may perhaps not be out of place. In
the case of my own horoscope (Competition No. n), my name and
handwriting were known to the Sub-Editor of Modern Astrology ;
but in the case of my friend's horoscope (Competition No. 12), neither
the Editor, Sub-Editor nor competitors had the opportunity of seeing
the handwriting or knowing the name of the native. At my own
request, I was permitted to act as intermediary, and I did not disclose
my friend's identity nor let his handwriting be seen until I handed to
the Sub-Editor the delineations together with Mr. Levy's written
Report thereon. Mentality is certainly one of the most prominent and
characteristic features in my friend, and the fact that the " horosco-
pists" have read this feature so successfully from the horoscope,
affords readers an additional piece of evidence in support of the ever-
growing opinion that there is a real basis of Truth underlying the
Science of Astrology.
Louise C. Appel, B.Sc., M.B., B.S. Lond.
 PARTICULARS OF PRIZE COMPETITION NO. 15 459

particulars of Pri^e (Competition lb. 16

The conditions to be observed by intending Competitors will be found

on p. 42 of Modern Astrology for January, igog. There are TWO
prizes, each consisting of " Modern Astrology " publications, to the value
of 10s. 6(f. An Extra Prize may be awarded in case of special merit. The
following are the data for the erection of the map :
X. XI. XII. 1. II. HI.
IIUZ.ZI ^ 20 VJ6.42 wze T13
OD ? i? UlipSJ
a 12.47 « 10.27 a j.III}. D 15.12 11RII.46 ^10.24!}'8-48I}X 15-30 arI2.35 X22.27
The native is a woman, married.
The last day for receiving delineations is JANUARY 31ST, igio.
Colonial and other readers will note that this allows abundant time for them
to enter the Competition, and we hope they will make a special point of
doing so. Hitherto the response from subscribers abroad has not been at
all commensurate with that of British and American readers, and this
seems a pity. Some of our cleverest students are numbered among our
Colonial readers, and wc hope they will put their shoulder to the wheel and
show what they can do ; they should remember that their fellow students at
home are kept waiting two or three months longer for the result of the
Competition on their account, and that unless they show a more appreciative
interest in the opportunities afforded them, this extension ot time will in
future be refused.
Home Competitors arc counselled not to let this long period of four
months encouiage them to " put off" writing their delineations. Experience
shows that delays are dangerous in these as in other -matters, and
further that the moment when the eye falls on the data is the most suitable
one, as a rule, for giving consideration to the horoscope. It should be
written out on a card or map form at once, and studied then and there.
Aries corresponds to the first house and (he word ' now,' and we all know
that the first house is the synthesis as it were of the whole horoscope; in
the same way the first glance has a certain comprehensive value all its own.

Example better than Precept.—E. E. T. writes: " I herewith send

my horoscope, and think Maffra's idea (p. 384, August) just the thing to be
appreciated."
 lietus from ^olobere

The question of sexual affinity, as shown in two horoscopes, is one of

perennial interest. I am disposed to think that the mundnnt positions of
planets may sometimeshold the key. Witness the following two horoscopes
Houses
X. XI.XII. I. II. HI.
Male 814 1124
<020 nay mjiC -a 12
Female no «b8 11 1157 14128 2*25
Planets
Q D S 14 U >j IJI '1'
Male 1126 822 11113 ma / 23 8 14R 7 17 ®22l^ viylv
Female 11122 70 1117 et-.n si 22 TsSt. t y 1417!^ T15H
The horoscopes are calculated for the stated time, which is however not
known accurately. The woman's appearance and temperament strongly
suggest Leo rather than Virgo as the rising sign : this would place the
Moon well within the 4th house. The marriage was a love match, and
though there are no children its happiness is heyond question.
Now what is the attraction ? The only thing that can be pointed to, in
the zodiacal positions, is : in. II S /• ©• Some will argue, perhaps, that this
is enough to account for the marriage, but it hardly seems so to me,
taking into consideration on the one hand the sameness, and on the other the
lack of any other "polar attraction," in the two horoscopes.
If however we make the woman's ascendant Leo, (which is much more
in accordance with her character) we find that the Moon iu her map is about
the same distance within the fourth house (about 90 from cusp) that the
Sun is in the case of the man. Here, then, seems to be the key to the
attraction; for the affinity shown when the Sun in one person's nativity is
in the same position as the Moon in another person's, of the opposite sex, is
well known. Usually, it is true, only the zodiacal position is taken into
consideration, but it seems just as reasonable to consider the mundaue or
" house" position ; and it is the object of this note to call attention to the
matter.*
I trust students will let us know the results of their investigations.

A Sagittarian friend writes me thus:—

* This question is referred to in Astrology for All, Part II., Second Edition, p.
306.—Ed.
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE

'■ I don't know whether it is your own idea, the jokes which appeal to
different astrological signs, but it is certainly very good. I couldn't pretend
to judge with reference to the other signs, but I must say the story which it
is said will appeal to every Sagittarian strikes vie as far and away the most
amusing of the lot. I have heard the one about' the fatted calf before, and
that too appeals to me—although I have no Taurus influence at birth.
" I am sending you two I heard years ago but which never fail to amuse
me when I think of them; the second is authentic and emanates from a small
cousin. These are not necessarily for publication, for I should really like to
ask you what signs you would class them under, and yon can tell me that
when yon write.
" It takes many, many swallows to make a summer, so here goes. It
has often struck me how very differently the same tale will be received by
different people, and I believe George Eliot says somewhere that a difference
in the sense of humour is a strain on the affections, or something to that
effect.
" Sunday School Teacher (sternly): Child, who made your vile body?
" Child (trembling and looking distressed): Please teacher, mother made the body
and grandmother made the skin !
•' [This may not appeal to a man, nor indeed 10 anyone who is not aware that
in many parts of England the bodiee of a dress is invariably spoken of as the' body '
amongst certain classes ]
" My small cousin Beryl, aged 3 years, was taken by her mother to church and
behaved beautifully. (She lives at a seaside summer resort, I must tell you.) The
clergyman in his surplice came round from the choir stalls to read the lesson, after-
wards returning to his place, which was hidden by a pillar from Beryl. In an
interval of silence a small shrill voice was heard demanding : ' Mother, where has the
pierrot gene ? ' "
The first story, 1 venture to affirm, will appeal strongly to all Virgos—
and it may be of interest to remark that my friend has her ruling planet,
Jupiter, in Virgo. The second story strikes me as, on the whole, Sagittarian ;
note the seaside resort, the church, and the pillar, all essential elements of the
story and all more or less of a ninth house interest.
*41 ii *
I mentioned Mr. W. W. Jacobs last month in connection with Scorpio-
humour, and on reading this one of my friends immediately took it for
granted that I considered Scorpio his rising sign. "No," I said, in reply to
his remark, " that doesn't follow. If a man is born under Scorpio, it is a
fair inference that he will respond to Scorpio humour when he meets with
it. But it does not follow that he will be capable of originating it; that is a
very different thing. The power to appreciate, and the power to produce,
are vested in quite different types of persons. Consider, for instance, the
corps de ballet and the first row of the stalls; how widely different those who
dance the dance and those who dance attendance on them! Or contrast
the football player with the man who bets on him!—But you can think of
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
hundreds of better illustrations than this, of what is a deep-reaching principle.
Since you ask me, however, I will tell you that I am inclined to think Aquarius
his rising sign, which, it seems to me, consorts well with his appearance as
revealed in the published photo."
My friend was not convinced, and perhaps some reader can help us in
this matter. I am not foresworn to this particular sign, though I may point
to the fact that the famous " WOT ? " which forms the pivot of so many of
his seafaring tales is, in its more familiar form of ' what," the typical
Aquarian question (see M.A., March, '09, p. 143, September, p. 406). It
may be of interest to give the approximate planetary positions; 0 nj? 15,
D ss 17—29: S =2= 10, 9 =a= 13 St., (7 njt 23, 1/; =2= 27, b =2= 6, ^ n 25, y V 5 ^ •
* *
"Y'know, I envy you," said an acquaintance to me one day: " I wish
I'd got the time to study Astrology." " I'm sorry you don't want to," I said.
" But I do," he protested; " that's just what I'm telling you. Only I haven't
the time." " My dear chap," I retorted, " you've all the time there is, and
if you were interested in Astrology, instead of fancying you are, you'd soon
find time to study it." "Oh; when?"—a triumphant light shone in my
friend's eyes, for he know I was aware of his circumstances. " Do you never
ride in a tram or on a 'bus ? " I enquired. " Yes, of course I do, best part of
the day sometimes. But you can't read in a 'bus." " No, not books. But
you can read your fellow beings. And that is the way you would find
yourself studying Astrology,—through human beings,—if you were really
interested. Wait till you become interested in it, and you'll see." That
man is now one of our keenest students; and all because, one day, he
happened to become interested
This talk about not having enough time is all cant, of that we may be
sure. Those who have no time to go to church, are those who don't want
to!

There are dozens of ways of studying Astrology, for those that have a
mind to it. One can study it in every book one reads. Take W. W. Jacobs,
about whom I was speaking just now. In my holidays I was enjoying Light
Freights, and found abundant items of astrological interest. In " The
Resurrection of Mr. Wiggett" we find Mr. " Sol " Kitchmaid, a palpable Leo,
proprietor of a highly-esteemed public-house, and famous for his entertaining
yarns, founded upon his own adventures. The point of the story turns upon
his reputation for generosity, and the "resurrected" Mr. Wiggett scores
amazingly by giving out that he (Sol) grudges him "the little " that he eats.
I hold that one needs to be a student of Astrology to enjoy to the utmost these
masterly stories; otherwise one can hardly appreciate, in the fullest degree,
the true inwardness of many a delicate touch.—Look at the night-watchman;
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE

a little study of him shows us that he too is a Leo. And what does he tell
us?—" Love," says the night-watchman, "don't talk to me about love,
because I've suBiered enough through it!"—"Speaking of money," says the
night-watchman again on another occasion, " the whole world would be
different if we all 'ad more of it. It would be a brighter and a 'appier place
for everybody."—And again, " Sailor men 'ave their faults, I'm not denying
of it, I used to 'ave myself when I was at sea; but being close with their
money is a fault as can seldom be brought ag'in 'em."
Now how appropriate all these are. Does not each one of these
quotations represent the instinctive point of view of a Leo ?

Miss Pagan has shown us how we can trace the zodiacal types in the
Bible, pointing out Jeremiah as Cancer, St. Paul as Gemini, David as Leo,
etc. And in Shakespeare, too, as well as in Lewis Carroll. Surely we can
follow up these hints, and be on the look-out for zodiacal types in the works
of contemporary authors. Reverting to Jacobs for a moment, can anybody
give me a " speculative horoscope " for the uncatchable Bob Pretty ?
I have occupied much of my space this month with references to Mr.
W. \V. Jacobs. I hope no one will quarrel with me for this. When the
proprietors of the Strand Magazine rely upon his regular contribution to
ensure the circulation of each issue, one may fairly infer that he is a person
of some interest to the community.

I read all this over to the friend aforementioned, and if you will
believe me he said: "Then you mean that Mr. Jacobs is a student of
Astrology ?" "I mean nothing of the kind," I exploded, "and if you had
noticed that he had Mars square Herschell, you wouldn't have thought of
asking such a question. What I mean is "
But my further remarks must be left for next month, or I shall be "rung
off," as they say ip the City.
F. Z. L.

Death by Drowning :—Below are planetary positions of a man who-

was drowned while bathing at a small coastal town in the north of New
Zealand, 14/1/1908. He had been some months in the colony.
X. XI. XII. I. 11.
2
III.
K
itig titiz 11129 •/13.-4 5 *3

rj23.i6 1129.11 VJI5.7 K6.36 729.11 xti.tG T22.30 itj!l3.29l^ «ll.32l^

I do not see exactly why death occurred at so early an age.
 ®lj£ ^abiarnl anb ^lanrfarji Snnpfranuiits"

(Serits)

VI. THE SIGN LIBRA

This sign has been productive of more heterogeneous discussion

than any of the three, namely Aries, Scorpio, and Taurus, which have
preceded it ; and the task of compiling a " Transaction " out of this
mass of inchoate matter offers in consequence considerable difficulties.
The cause of this heterogeneity of treatment appears to be this;
The sign Libra presents in its external aspect no strongly marked
features ; indeed, it is this absence of strongly marked characteristics
that forms the main topic of those who have contributed their views,
and in consequence there is to be observed, in spite of much valuable
incidental light thrown upon the sign, a noticeable wantof co-ordination
in the papers submitted.
This lack of centricity renders it exceedingly difficult to bring the
■whole to a focus in any concise fashion ; and therefore the plan adopted
has been to present first those contributions which throw light upon
the itityinsic nature of the sign, so that the subsequent series of personal
peculiarities noted by acute observers may as it were fall into place,
and thus, instead of striking upon the attention as so many isolated
unrelated facts, may on the contrary appear as natural and inevit-
able consequences of the internal nature of the sign already
apprehended.
This mode of selecting certain papers for prior presentation,
then, has no relation to their respective value but rather to their
convenience for the purpose explained.
Thus, one member has chosen as a vehicle for the expression of
ideas and ideals connected with the sign Libra two short stories, of

0
Note.—The first article of this series, "On the Meaning of Temperament,"
appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154, and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 465

which an abstract now follows. The first is Hans Andersen's "Little

Mermaid," the second is a faery romance from the "Phantasies" of
George Macdonald.
The writer has prefaced them, as a sort of motto, with the follow-
ing remark of the seer Charubel, taken from his Degrets of the Zodiac
Symbolised:
" Libra has the least sympathy with this Earth of any of
THE SIGNS OF THE ZODIAC."
The Little Mermaid, youngest and most beautiful of the widowed
Sea-King's daughters, when she is 10 years of age questions her
grandmother, who keeps house for her father, about mankind and
the earth. Learns that when she is 15 years old she will be allowed
to rise to the surface of the water and see the earth for herself. Her
sisters, who are older, view the earth before her, the little mermaid
listening hungrily as each recounts her experience. Love for the
unknown earth and its inhabitants wells up in her heart.
On her fifteenth birthday she rises, at sunset, close to a big ship,
on which there is much merrymaking as it is the sixteenth birthday of
the handsome young prince who is on board. In the storm and ship-
wreck that follow, the little mermaid saves the life of the beautiful
prince by bearing his unconscious body to a sandy beach, near a
convent, where a young girl subsequently discovers him, and procures
aid that brings him back to life. The prince smiles gratefully on
all around him, quite unaware of the existence of his real saviour.
On returning to her sea-home a great sadness falls upon the little
mermaid, as she realises that she may never again see the prince,
whom she has begun to love. She confides her grief to her sisters,
and is taken by them to the palace of the prince where, unobserved,
she sees him again and again. Not only does her love for him grow,
but for mankind; and the longing to live among men, and share
their larger life, increases daily.
She asks her grandmother whether, if humans are not drowned,
they can live forever ; and learns that not only do they die, but that
their life at its longest is brief indeed compared with that of the sea
people, who can live for three hundred years but then become sea-
foam. On the other hand man possesses an immortal soul, which
after the death of the body has a glorious existence in the starry regions
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
beyond the sky. The longing seizes the little mermaid to forfeit her three
hundred years of happy heedlessness for but one day, even, of human
life and the assurance of immortality. She asks whether it is possi-
ble for her to obtain an immortal soul; and is told that only if a man
would love her so that she should be dearer to him than all others,
and promise, with his right hand in hers, in the presenceof the priest,
to be faithful to her to eternity, would he then be able to confer on her
a soul like unto his own, and a participation in the happiness of man-
kind. This, however, is impossible for her, as her fish-tail is not
regarded by man as a beauty, but as a disfigurement; the hearing
which causes the little mermaid bitter grief.
In order to assuage her sorrow, the grandmother orders special
festivities, in the shape of a court ball, at which the little mermaid
sings ; and is pronounced by the court the most beautiful singer in
the sea-king's realm and consequently, since mermaids possess finer
voices than humans, the most enchanting singer of either earth or
sea. The momentary joy caused by this praise is swallowed up by
the return, in fuller force than ever, of the longing for a human
experience ; the desire springs in her to place her fate in the hands of
the prince, and she determines to dare all in order to obtain him and
immortality.
So while the gaiety is at its height she slips out of the palace and
repairs to the house of the sea-witch for advice. After braving the
dangers of roaring whirlpools, and of a weird vegetation that is half
animal in character, and which, if it clutched her, would hold her fast
for ever, she reaches the habitation of the witch, built of the white
bones of shipwrecked humans. The witch promises to prepare her
a draught which, if she drink it before sunrise, will change her
fish-tail into human legs, but although allowing her to retain her
beauty and grace will cause every step she takes to produce such pain
as would the treading on sharp knives. This in itself will not, how-
ever, win for her the deathlessness she desires ; for, if she fails to gain
the love of the prince so that he enthrones her in his heart, she will
not obtain an immortal soul; neither will she be able to return to her
own people as a mermaid; but on the first morning after he has
wedded another her heart will break, and she herself will become
mere foam on the sea. Although paling the little mermaid does not
falter, but agrees to take the risk ; and even to pay for her chance by
 THE 20DIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 467

the gift of her beautiful voice to the witch, involving the cutting off of
her tongue.
After taking a lonely farewell of the home of her childhood she
rises to the surface of the water and swims to the Prince's palace.
There, swallowing the draught, she faints from the excessive pain
produced. Being discovered by the Prince, and regaining conscious-
ness, as the sun rises, she sees that the wished-for change has been
effected.
Her dumbness does not repel the Prince, who takes her, himself,
into the palace, where not only is she arrayed in costly and beautiful
garments, but is acknowledged by all to be the most beautiful being
therein. Although now unable to compete with those who charm the
Prince with song, her dancing—to herself the extreme of physical
torture—is that with which no other can vie; and her matchless
grace, combined with the appealing beauty of her eyes, touches the
heart of the Prince, and she becomes his constant companion. His
love for her grows, as does her devotion to him, and he confesses to
her that she reminds him of a beautiful girl who once rescued him
from death, but who being set apart for a religious life is not likely to
enter his life again ; and therefore he hopes that nothing will ever
separate her from him.
Soon the Prince's parents decide that he shall visit the King of a
neighbouring country, whose daughter, a princess of great beauty,
they desire their son to wed. The Prince confides to the little
mermaid that, although he must pay this visit in obedience to his
parents' wishes, he will not marry the princess, however lovely she
may be; for among those with whom marriage is possible she only is
dear to him.
She accompanies him on his journey ; and when he discovers in
the princess the young girl to whom he thinks he owes his life, and
whose image has never been effaced from his memory, his joy is un-
bounded; and he does not dream that while the little mermaid kisses
his hand, and congratulates him mutely with her eloquent eyes, her
heart is breaking.
At the wedding she is deputed to carry the bride's train ; and on
the evening of the day on which the ceremony is performed she
embarks, with the bride and bridegroom, for the homeward voyage,
dancing, on this the last night of her life, as never before. The Prince
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
and his bride do not retire to rest in the tent on board till after mid-
night. The little mermaid, in utter loneliness, remains on deck,
conscious that as soon as the sun rises her existence will be ended.
Her sisters appear in the water, and reminding her that she has
lost her chance of immortality, explain that they have all given their
beautiful hair to the witch in payment for the knife they give her,
which will, if she uses it in the way they direct, change her again into
a mermaid, with three hundred years of happiness before her; for
when, plunging it, before sunrise, into the heart of the sleeping prince,
his life-blood spurts upon her feet, her legs will grow together and
assume the fish-tail form. Death either for him or herself is
inevitable.
The first red streak of the coming dawn appears in the sky as,
drawing back the curtain of the tent, she beholds the Prince sleeping
with his bride's head on his breast. A few moments she hesitates,
looking first at the knife in her hand and then at the Prince. In his
dreams he murmurs his bride's name, and for a moment the knife
trembles in her hand. Then she throws it far out into the sea, and
casting one last look at the Prince, feels her body dissolving into
foam.
As the warm rays of the sun fall upon the water, she finds that
what she had thought would be nothingness is a new form of life; and
that now, as a daughter of the air, she possesses an ethereal body, as
does each of the myriads of others to whom has been given the chance
of gaining an immortal soul by rendering loving and constant service
to mankind.

In the "Phantasies" of George Macdonald the hero, during his

residence in the Fairy Palace, lights on a book which has the magic
power not only of transporting its reader to the region it describes,
but also of making him live the life thereof, so that much of the
following has the charm of an eye-witness's narration :
Through the realms of the monarch Sun
Creeps a world, whose course bad begun,
On a weary path with a weary pace,
Before the Earth sprang forth on her race ;
But many a time the Earth had sped
Around the path she still must tread,
Ere the elder planet, on leaden wing,
Once circled the court of the planet's kiug.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 469
There, in that lonely and distant star,
The seasons are not as our seasons are;
Rut many a year hath Autumn to dress
The trees in their matron loveliness ;
As long hath old Winter in triumph to go
O'er beauties dead in his vaults below ;
And many a year the Spring doth wear
Combing the icicles from her hair;
And Summer, dear Summer, hath years of June,
With large white clouds, and cool showers at noon;
And a beauty that grows to a weight like grief,
Till a burst ot tears is the heart's relief.
Children, bom when Winter is king,
May never rejoice in the hoping Spring;
Though their own heart-buds are bursting with joy,
And the child hath grown to the girl or boy ;
But may die with cold and icy hours
Watching them ever in place of flowers.
And some who awake from their primal sleep,
When the sighs of Summer through forests creep,
Live, and love, and are loved again ;
Seek for pleasure, and find its pain ;
Sink to their last, their forsaken sleeping,
With the same sweet odours around them creeping.
Now the children, there, are not born as the children are born in
worlds nearer to the Sun. For they arrive no one knows how. A
maiden, walking alone, hears a cry ; for even there a cry is the first
utterance ; and searching about, she findeth, under an overhanging
rock, or within a clump of bushes, or, it may be, betwixt grey stone
on the side of a hill, or in any sheltered and unexpected spot, a little
child. This she taketh tenderly, and beareth home with joy, calling
out, " Mother, mother "—if so be that her mother lives—" I have got
a baby—I have found a child ! " All the household gathers round to
see;—"W/ifuisitF IVJ/iit is it like? Where did yon find it ? " and
such-like questions, abounding. And thereupon she relates the whole
story of the discovery ; for by the circumstances, such as season of
the year, time of the day, condition of the air, and such like, and,
especially, the peculiar and never-repeated aspect of the heavens and
earth at the time, and the nature of the place of shelter wherein it is
found, is determined, or at least indicated, the nature of the child thus
discovered. Therefore, at certain seasons, and in certain states of
the weather, according, in part, to their own fancy, the young women
go out to look for children. They generally avoid seeking them,
though they cannot help sometimes finding them, in places and with
circumstances uncongenial to their peculiar likings. But no sooner
 470 MODERN ASTROLOGY

is a child found, than its claim for protection and nurture obliterates
all feeling of choice in the matter. Chiefly, however, in the season of
summer, which lasts so long, coming as it does after such long intervals;
and mostly in the^warm evenings, about the middle of twilight; and
principally in the woods and along the river banks, do the maidens go
looking for children, just as children look forflowers. Andeverasthe
child grows, yea, more and more as lie advances in years, will his face
indicate to those who understand the spirit of nature, and her utter-
ances in the face of the world, the nature of the place of his birth, and
the other circumstances thereof ; whether a clear morning sun guided
his mother to the nook whence issued the boy's low cry; or at eve the
lonely maiden (for the same woman never finds a second, at least
while the first lives) discovers the girl by the glimmer of her white
skin, lying in a nest like that of the lark, amid long encircling grasses,
and the upward-gazing eyes of the lowly daisies; whether the storm
bowed the forest trees around, or the still frost fixed in silence the
else flowing and babbling stream.
After they grow up, the men and women are but little together.
There is this peculiar difference between them, which likewise dis-
tinguishes the women from those of the earth. The men alone have
arms ; the women have only wings. Resplendent wings are they,
wherein they can shroud themselves from head to foot in a panoply of
glistering glory. By these wings alone, it may frequently be judged
in what seasons, and under what aspects they were born. From those
that came in winter, go great white wings, white as snow ; the edge
of every feather shining like the sheen of silver, so that they flash and
glitter like frost in the sun. But underneath, they are tinged with a
faint pink or rose-colour. Those born in spring have wings of a
brilliant green, green as grass ; and towards the edges the feathers
are enamelled like the surface of the grass-blades. These again are
white within. Those that are born in summer have wings of a deep
rose-colour, lined with pale gold. And those born in autumn have
purple wings, with a rich brown on the inside. But these colours
are modified and altered in all varieties, corresponding to the mood
of the day and hour, as well as the season of the year : and sometimes
1 found the various colours so intermingled, that I could not determine
even the season, though doubtless the hieroglyphic could be deciphered
by more experienced eyes. One splendour, in particular, I remember
 THE ZODIACAL AND i'LANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 471

—wings of deep carmine, with an inner down of warm grey, around a

form of brilliant whiteness. She had been found as the sun went
down through a low sea-fog, casting crimson along a broad sea-path
into a little cave on the shore, where a bathing maiden saw her lying.
In the waters of this world the women sport like gorgeous
sea-birds. The men more rarely enter them.
One evening in early summer, I stood with a group of men and
women on a steep rock that overhung the sea. They were all ques-
tioning me about my world and the ways thereof. In making reply
to one of their questions, I was compelled to say that children are not
born in the Earth as with them. Upon this I was assailed with a
whole battery of inquiries, which at first I tried to avoid ; but, at
last, 1 was compelled, in the vaguest manner I could invent, to make
some approach to the subject in question. Immediately a dim notion
of what 1 meant, seemed to dawn in the minds of most of the women.
Some of them folded their great wings all around them, as they
generally do when in the least offended, and stood erect and motionless.
One spread out her rosy pinions, and flashed from the promontory into
the gulf at its foot. A great light shone in the eyes of one maiden,
who turned and walked slowly away, with her purple and white
wings half dispread behind her. She was found, the next morning,
dead beneatii a withered tree on a bare hill-side, some miles inland.
They buried her where she lay, as is their custom ; for, before they
die, they instinctively search for a spot like the place of their birth,
and having found one that satisfies them, they lie down, fold their
wings around them, if they be women, or cross their arms over their
breasts, if they are men, just as if they were going to sleep ; and so
sleep indeed. The sign or cause of coming death is an indescribable
longing for something, they know not what, which seizes them, and
drives them into solitude, consuming them within, till the body fails.
When a youth and a maiden look too deep into each other's eyes, this
longing seizes and possesses them ; but instead of drawing nearer to
eacli other, they wander away, each alone, into solitary places, and
die of their desire. But it seems to me, that thereafter they are born
babes upon our earth ; where, if, when grown, they find each other,
it goes well with them : if not, it will seem to go ill.

If we carefully bear in mind the salient points of these two

472 MODERN ASTROLOGY

beautiful stories, and more especially if we can manage to preserv e

their characteristic flavour of muarthlincss, we shall find the memory
of them a useful clue in piecing together the various traits and
characteristics displayed by those born under, or influenced by,
the sign Libra which will afterwards be presented to our attention.
The writer goes on to say :

In these two excursions into the country of faerie we have dis-

covered Libra, and also, perchance, the clue to the real home of the one
sign that is but a stranger here. Although the stories so clearly
suggest it I cannot, of course, prove Libra's affinity with Neptune; but
the following maybe noted as showing the probability of a relationship
existing between them.
Libra unquestionably represents Venus in her positive attitude,
or, in other words, love active. This implies kinship with Neptune,
who is frequently spoken of by astrologers as " the higher Venus."
Also, if Aphrodite springing from the foam of the sea can be
regarded as the daughter of Neptune, then may Libra, the sign of
bifurcation, representing the change from the hermaphroditic to the
unisexual form of existence, and thus playing the same part in the
evolutionary scheme as is attributed to the goddess, claim close
relationship with the Ocean God.
The following description, which I consider extremely apt, of the
planet that is furthest from the Sun in our system: "last, loneliest,
loveliest, exquisite, apart," suggests [the possession of characteristics
that betray a strong family likeness to those peculiar to Libra.
We will now leave the region of probability for that of actuality.
All who are familiar with Libra as it manifests on the physical plane,
will have decided that it is never of the "earth, earthy"; and that,
although " in the world," it is " not of it." In this respect, our
stories are true Libran allegories ; and the analogy between them and
the seventh sign is perfect.
Although Libra seems the one sign able to touch pitch without
being defiled, the strictures sometimes passed upon it apropos of its
dislike to soiling its hands are, I think, quite just. This also is one
of the reasons, I believe, why although Libra is always artistic it is
rarely an artist. The sense of familiarity, and even of intimacy, with
the coarse clay of this our earth, which is innate in a great artist, is
 THE .ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 473

lacking in Libra. When, however, in this sign the creative faculty

does assert itself, it is nearly always in the direction of literature.
The fact that Libra has the power of abstracting itself from its
surroundings, and of living in a world of ideality, romance, and poetry ;
and that, for it, the golden gates of the west open as for no other sign,
is further evidence of its inability to feel quite at home here. So
also, in a world where physical deformity is common, and inharmonious
outward conditions prevail, are its dread of bodily disfigurement, and
its hyper-sensitiveness to environment.
On comparing the Libran face with the Taurean, one is struck not
so much with the great difference between the ethereal character of the
former and the earthly type of the latter, as with the absolute contrast of
their expressions; for, whereas the distinctive attributes of the
Taurean are happiness and content, the Libran shows more than a
suspicion of sadness and dissatisfaction. This, however, does not
detract from its beauty ; for the discontent writ so large on the face
of Libra, is of the type that has been termed " divine," and is due
not only to the fact that the actual when weighed by it is " found
wanting," but that the balance used is the Ideal.
Having thus demonstrated the non-earthiness of the Libran
nature, f will now endeavour to show why this plant of rare beauty
that exhales so delicate a perfume is not indigenous to the soil of earth.
Love, as our stories so beautifully illustrate, is the magnet that
draws the soul to earth for its Libran experience; and the marital
expression thereof the means whereby its beauty shall be rendered
flawless. Therefore is the seventh the sign of experimental marriage,
being fundamentally that of ideal love and earthly experience; and
just as the individual denoted by the seventh house of a nativity is
not only the one with whom you balance yourself, but is frequently
one whom you love and loathe alternately, in either aspect, we note
the bringing together of qualities that are foreign to each other.
Libra seems inseparably associated with the idea of the Chiist
in its sacrificial contact with matter; for whether we consider this
seventh sign as influencing the humanity of this earth, during the
unisexual period of its evolution, for the purpose of refining and
beautifying the experiences connected therewith ; or the part of the
physical body under its dominion, which is not (to use the apostle's
words) one of " abundant honour "; or its position in the zodiac
474 MODERN ASTROLOGY

itself, where it is crucified between two of the greatest malefactors in

the kingdom of love,—the idea insisted on is that of sublimity touching
earth at its earthiest.
Now, whether we look at these two basic ideas of the seventh
sign separately, estimate them as interchangeable, or regard them as
explanatory one of the other, they alone not only explain why Libra
is.so choice an exotic, but also why it blossoms into sacrifice and
martyrdom, it being, in its growth here, the only perfect manifestation
ue have of the pathos of love.
No child of earth questions the beauty of Libra, and while one
and all render it empty admiration, none go so far even as to offer it
the sincerest" form of flattery—imitation. This arises, I believe, from
two causes; the first of which is sheer inability, on the part of any
save Libra, to desire to throw itself away, or to waste itself, on
another however unworthy, and to feel that the immolation of the self
on the altar of love, the offering a " living sacrifice," alone satisfies the
craving of tjhe nature. The second is the natural and in many
respects admirable feeling that one can save oneself by one's own
efforts, and consequently needs neither the sacrifice nor the
martyrdom of others to achieve this end.
A consideration of the two reasons I have adduced will make
clear the natural antagonism of what I will term the earthly ideal,
and that of Libia, and thus go far towards solving what is to most of
us an enigma ; for notwithstanding the exalted place Libra holds in
our estimation the fact remains that, on the whole, we accord to this
our most distinguished guest but a sorry welcome.
The following is an interesting way, not only of testing the truth
of much of what I have just said, but also of proving, without the aid
of Astrology, just how much of the Libran element there is in any
individual you may be considering. Suggest to him the immeasurable
superiority of pity or compassion over such forms of love, say, as
passion, friendship, or even worship. According to the preponderance
or not of the Libran quality in his make-up, will his answer approxi-
mate to an unqualified assent, or to a reply which shows that he would
regard an exhibition of pity towards himself as an insult. It is in
such an instance as this that Libra proves the quality of its mentality ;
for with regard to love it can always take an impersonal or abstract
view.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 475

Virgo, the sign that complains of not being understood, is com-

prehended better than any other; while its complementary sign
Pisces, which is, on the whole, the least understood sign of the Zodiac,
never mentions the fact, being too greatly occupied with understand-
ing others. In some respects, however, Libra is even less understood
than this latter sign, just as in some ways its beauty transcends it;
for Libra is unselfish, and the law of its being is self-sacrifice ; while
Pisces, being selfless, has, in a sense, no self to sacrifice. Because of
this seventh sign characteristic Libra's agony is truly that of the
crucified, and not the least of its pains is that of ever being most mis-
understood when at its best. Libra alone knows Libra. The subtle
refinements of love, its fine renunciations, which are to Libra its very
life-breath, have for the other signs practically no existence, and are
as little understood by them as was Mary's waste of the precious
ointment of spikenard by the disciples; for this, the noble in the realm
of love, can be appreciated but by its equals, can be judged only by
its peers. For the good-men-and-true of the other signs here to
adjudicate would be presumption, valuable as would their verdict be
in any other case.
Although what I have advanced does not offer an altogether
satisfactory explanation of Libra's being able to live amicably with
any and every other sign, which fact is indisputable, it does suggest
why Libra can live harmoniously with Libra, and can even, by
wedding it, demonstrate to us the only marriage that is made in
heaven. The honour of a similar possibility can be claimed by no
other sign.
I have often wondered how those who talk so glibly of the super-
ficiality, the insipidity, and the colourlessness of Libra would endure
the terrible strain of its consciousness ; for Libra, in order to obtain
balance, has to feel the impact of opposing forces ; and to be kept up-
right, as is the proverbial ship, by contrary winds. This experience
given to Libra is to enable it to acquire an equilibrium so perfect, a
steadiness so unshakable, that a tight-rope bridging a precipice
could be crossed ; nay more, thai the path which, in the words of a
great teacher, is " keen as the edge of a razor," could be trodden ; that
the way, which though leading unto life, has been emphasised by a
Master as narrow, could be entered upon.
The Little Mermaid's temptation is the finest example i know of
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

the test that sooner or later is always given to Libra, and which Libra
alone can stand. Then, with eyes blindfolded, so that the next step
must be taken in the dark, and with the balance quite steady, allowing
neither the hope of immortality nor the assurance of earthly happi-
ness to weigh with it, does it deliberately choose for itself death,
annihilation, rather than faithlessness to its sublime ideal.
{To ht continued)

JlsEtnbant anit Stescenbant

The dawn awoke at break of day,

And flung o'er earth its arched ray;
" Lei those who hear not, die! " it cried.—
And unambitious mortals died.

The dusk grew quivering to a point,

As though the sky were all anoint;
" Let those " she sighed, " who hear me. give ! "—
And those only who hear her live.

I stole a kiss from woman's hair,

Its glamour drew my hot lips there ;
I gave a scarcely heeded grunt
Of pity,—for a wolf in hunt.

And oft, when I am wrapped in bliss,

Communing with my soul, that kiss
Sounds sudden, like a serpent's hiss—
And dissipates, by am, what is

And yet again, when I am torn

By doubt and fear, and the world's scorn,
Let me but hear the huntsman's horn
And straight my soul's renewed—re-born 1
11. K.
 477

®ljc foundations of ^Ijgsical ^.strologu

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetary Influences

And the city tilth jomsqunye ... On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gales, and on the West three gates. And the wall
of the city had tn'clvc foundations. . . . And he that lathed with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gate thereof, and the watt thereof
. . . And he measured the irat! thereof . . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . . tike unto dear glass. . . . the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev. xxi. 13-18.

Parl XIII.—General Investigation of the Influence of the

Planetary Aspects
(180) It will be well now to ascertain what are the characteristic
motions and aspects of the planet when passing through the critical
phases of its cycle.
Let us consider first the two points where the influence is at a
maximum. These occur about March 1st and December 1st, and in
both cases it will be found that Jupiter was near his stationary points.
Jupiter was stationary on February 25th and November 30th, 1897,
and if we had calculated his influence for each day, we should have
found that on those dates he would have been acting with his
maximum influence, in the one case negatively, and the other
positively. On February 25th, the time of negative maximum,
Jupiter was changing from retrograde motion to forward motion, and
on November 30th, the time of positive maximum, he was changing
from a forward motion to a retrograde. What occurs in this instance
will occur always in the case of Jupiter, so that we may lay down the
following two rules ;
1st. When Jupiter is stationary and changing from a forward to a
retrograde motion bis influence is a positive maximum, and is acting in the
rising sign with about double his mean value.
2nd. When Jupiter is stationary and changing from a retrograde to a
forward motion his influence is a negative maximum, and is acting in the-
setting sign with about double his mean value.
478 MODERN ASTROLOGY

(181) This cyclic period of a planet is identical with what is

known as the synodical revolution of the body, and is the period from
one conjunction with the Sun to the next. In the case of Jupiter it
takes on the average 398 867 days. When a planet therefore is at any of
the critical positions of its cycle it will always have a definite angular relation-
ship with the Sun. We will now endeavour to ascertain what this
relationship is.
When Jupiter has its positive inaxinium on November 30th, 1907,
its geocentric longitude is I33037, and the Sun's longitude is 24707'.
Taking the difi'erence we have
Nov. 30th, 1907.
c
Sun's Longilude 247 7
Jupiter's 133 37
Di fi'erence 713 30
so that Jupiter is 6o30' less than trine with the Sun.
Again on February 25th, when Jupiter has its negative maximum,
its longitude is gi'V and the Sun's longitude is 335045', so that we
have
Feb. 25th., 1907.
c
Jupiter's Longitude 910 + 3C0 = 451 o
Sun's .. 335 45
Diflference 115 15
0
ami here again it is only 4 45' less than the trine aspect.
Jupiter is exactly at the trine aspect with the Sun on December
6th and February 20th, 1907, or respectively six days after, and five
days before, the maxima. Now at the maxima the change of value is
very slow, so that for a fortnight before, and a fortnight after, Jupiter
has about double its mean value. Hence we may say that when
Jupiter is trine with the Sun it has double its mean value.
(182) But it will be noticed that the two trine aspects are
exactly opposite in character, the one being positive and the other
negative. How then can we distinguish between the two ?
A reference to the previous section will enable us to do this. It
will be seen that for the positive maximum on November 30th the
longitude of Jupiter is subtracted from that of the Sun ; whilst at the
negative maximum on February 25th the longitude of the Sun is
subtracted from that of Jupiter, If we read the aspect in the forward
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 479

direction, naming the hindermost body first, we may say that on

December 6th Jupiter was trine with the Sun ; whilst on February
20th the Sun was trine with Jupiter. These two cases could be
rendered symbolically as follows :
K A O
O A ^
This would imply that the longitude of the first body has to be
subtracted from the second to produce the aspect. By a simple
change in the symbol we might also indicate the positive or negative
value of the aspect. If we retain A for the positive aspect, we might
use y for the negative ; hence the above would become
Dec. Cth. A O
Feb. 20th. O v ^
The first would indicate that Jupiter was 120° behind the Sun,
and exerting a twofold influence in the rising sign on December 6th,
1907. The second would indicate that the Sun was 120° behind
Jupiter, and exerting a twofold influence in the setting sign on
February 20th of the same year.
We may therefore lay down two rules corresponding to those in
§(180).
1st. When Jupiter is in trine with the Sun he is exerting a two-fold
influence at the time of rising, and this is indicated by the following
symbols :—If A 0.
and. When the Sun is in trine with Jupiter, Jupiter is exerting a two-
fold influence at the time of setting, and this is indicated by the following
symbols;—0y If.
(183) Let us now examine the aspects when the influence is
zero. A reference to the tables §(177) shows that the electrical
influence of Jupiter changes from minus to plus some time in July,
1907 ; and in doing so it must pass the zero point. This zero point
occurs on July 13th, when Jupiter has a maximum forward velocity.
Jupiter is in conjunction with the Sun on July 15th, so that this zero
point, when the influence changes from negative to positive, is
practically identical with the conjunction of Jupiter with the Sun.
The other zero point takes place on January 29th, 1908, when the
influence changes from positi%'e to negative, and Jupiter has a
maximum velocity retrograde, and on that date Jupiter is in opposition
to the Sun.
We thus find that the two zero points are when Jupiter is in
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

conjunction and opposition with the Sun. When in conjunction the

influence is changing from negative to positive or from the setting to
the rising sign ; and the planet has a maximum forward velocity.
When in opposition, the influence is changing from the positive to
the negative, or from the rising to the setting sign; and the planet
has a maximum retrograde velocity.
The fact that conjunctions and oppositions with the Sun are zero
points, may come rather as a surprise to the astrologer, as these
aspects are considered the most powerful ; but it should be borne in
mind that when an influence vanishes, it can disturb the general
arrangement of the forces in the same way as the sudden appearance
of a force would do. Moreover at these zero points it is rapidly
changing iu value, and springs at once from the rising to the setting
sign, or vice versa.; and this alone constitutes a source of disturbance.
It will often be observed that after a conjunction or opposition the
character of the weather entirely changes, and this can be due to the
sudden change in direction of the influences at work.*
(1S4) The next point to consider is what are the aspects with
the Sun when Jupiter has the mean value unity. One case of this
kind occurs on October 1st, 1907, when the Sun and Jupiter have the
following longitudes ;
Sun 1S7 8
Jupiter 128 16
difference 58 52
Jupiter has then a forward motion and is about 6o0 behind the
Sun, we may therefore represent this aspect by
V * o
This indicates that Jupiter has its mean positive value and is
increasing towards a maximum.
[ The next instalment of this Series will he " Exact Values of all the Solar
Aspects to the Superior Planets."]

The men who do things, and not the men who merely talk about things,
are those who bless the world.

° Oppositions and conjunctions have a zero value only in the cases where the
Sun is one of the bodies; when two planets are in opposition or conjunction the
values depend upon the aspects of both bodies to the Sun.
Modern E^trologg

Vol. VI. NOVEMBER, 1909. No. 11.

New Series.

%ljt (Biritar's 0bstxhsdot^

Every budding astrologer is, whether he knows it or not, a would-

be occultist. This remark does not apply to the mere dabbler in the
art, who is content with ready-made delineations.
Occult Astrology or the interpretations of text-books, but to the real
thinker. The astrologer, in the true meaning of
that term, is assuredly born and not made. This statement need not
dishearten the mere beginner any more than the earnest student
whom no difficulties can daunt, for in any case there must be a
beginning in some life or other; (and the astrologer at any rate should
surely believe in more lives than one on this earth).
Astrology as a science or an art must, if properly studied,
inevitably lead toward the gate of occultism, or it leads no whither.
It is true that Astrology may be studied in a purely material
or mechanical sense like botany or any other science ; but this is
more allied to Horary than to Natal Astrology.
* **
Let us try to clarify our ideas on this important question, and
endeavour to see whether the claim that Astrology leads to occultism
may or may not be accepted.
Horary Astrology Horary Astrology is that branch of the science
which deals with the fleeting and changing
questions of the hour. It is ephemeral in a very real sense, and
useful as it is in its right place (nay invaluable in some cases) its
value is as moonlight to sunlight when compared to Natal Astrology
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
—the branch which deals with the lives of human beings, their
character and destiny. Now it is unfortunate that these two branches
of the same subject should have become so intertwined as to make
one almost indistinguishable from the other so far as the rules for
judgment are concerned.

The rules applicable to both of these branches are not, and never
can be, the same ; and the professor of Astrology who teaches that they
are, never can and never will reach the gateway
Katal Astrology of occultism. The difference in these rules lies
in the fact that while the one requires the study
merely of the lords of houses, the other demands a knowledge of the
Principles of Man. To put the matter concisely, one is concerned
with the house in which a man lives, and the other with the man
himself.
The translation of the symbology of Astrology is only just
beginning to receive attention, so far as Natal Astrology is concerned.
And to set out this symbology with regard to man's Principles,—
which he undoubtedly possesses, (or as in the case of many, is possessed
by),—would introduce a puzzle needing something more than a
budding astrologer to solve.
* *
This puzzle may be put to every student of Astrology who has a
Nativity placed before him, without fear. It may be expressed in
three words; Find the Self!
PUZZLE• t
Find theSe'lf! will prove to be the greatest conundrum
that has ever been propounded. Probably there
are only a few who have ever thought of the existence of such a
problem. And the best plan, for those to whom the idea is new, is to
think it out carefully; for only those who do think about it may
realise why every budding astrologer is a would-be occultist.
Every horoscope is a maze to the elementary student. Some
are hopelessly bewildered by it, others fly to books and obtain a
partial solution of its mysteries, while the would-be astrologer wrestles
with it until he finds one of the selves that horoscope represents; and
so for a time he may be satisfied, but inevitably—sooner or later—he
discovers that he has not found the Self.
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY
There are many thousands who to-day think they are the
physical body, that it is the Self; and for them, for the time being,
it is.
Mesmerism, Hypnotism, Spiritualism,Trance,
Clairvoyance and other psychological phenomena,
however, are awakening the minds of many to the fact that conscious-
ness, or life, is continued when withdrawn from that physical body,
either during life or at death.
Puzzle: Find the Self of the Body!
Many thousands of human beings think they are their passions,
their feelings and emotions, and cannot possibly think of themselves
apart from their sensatory life ; and yet a great grief, and an over-
whelming sorrow has been known to kill all those feelings we know
as pleasure and pain. To use the words of a valued subscriber to
this magazine :—" 1 felt, on the death of my husband, as though 1
was numbed from head to foot; in fact 1 felt dead, for I could not fed
at all. For the first time in my life 1 knew that 1 was thinking and
not feeling."
Puzzle ; Find the Self of the Emotions!
A large number there are who identify themselves with their
minds. They are perfectly aware that their consciousness may be
separated from the physical body, also that the mind maybe extracted
from the feelings and the emotions; but beyond- the mind they cannot
go. They know they are the mind and have definitely realised
thought apart from the brain, but they are not prepared to admit
that they have a consciousness beyond the mind.
Puzzle; Find the Self of the Mind!

It has been my good fortune to have lived during a few rare

and precious moments of my life in a state of consciousness within,
or above, the plane of the mind. They were
The ONE in indeed moments of bliss. 1 have met others also
the Many
who have considered those moments the only real
existence, and have longed for a more permanent state of that bliss.
And yet it is but one more stage toward the Self whose glory is only
conceived of by a few, although many are now gradually becoming
ready to conceive of It, and to attract its splendour towards them.
It is the Sunshine of every nativity; but it is not the Sun. It is
 MODERN ASTROLOGV
the conceiving power of the Moon ; but it is not the Moon. It is
cognised by the spirit of intelligence from the pure reason of
Mercury ; but it is not the planet Mercury. It is sought for by the
intuition and aspiration and the beautifying thoughts of Venus; but
It is not the planet Venus. It is valiantly striven after by the heroic
courage and strength of Mars; but it is not the planet Mars. The
whisperings of its voice are heard through the meditations of Saturn;
but it is not the planet Saturn. In rare moments of ecstatic bliss,
when the heart is filled with love for others and expanded by the
joys of Jupiter, it rapidly passes through every cell; but it is not the
planet Jupiter.
Puzzle: Find THAT which is, yet is not!
* *'■ *
It is the essence, aroma or scent of every horoscope, and every
sign of the zodiac is a step that leads to its finding. And although
not to be found in any single sign of the zodiac, a
Many may Seek fragment may yet be discovered in the whole;
though Few shall
Find for each sign is but a note in that wonderful
music-scale.
A trace of its scent, and colour, may be found in each planet.
But amidst all the wonderful combinations of planets, signs, and
aspects, only its shadow may be found.
Who, then, is the astrologer who searches for this Self? It is
surely not the dabbler in horoscopes. Is it the horary astrologer, or
the natal astrologer ; or may it be the budding astrologer who is the
would-be occultist ? It is neither of these, for they do but approach
the gate-way to the portal or entrance to King Soloman's Temple.
* *
Would-be astrologer, what are you seeking! Is it merely
the curious fascination of this queer science of Astrology that
impels you to study it, as an agreeable hobby ?
" Before the Soul Is it in the hope of learning your fate and
can see, the har- . , ,
mony within must thus knowing how to cheat it, that you pur-
b a t ained a ld
fl * I eyes be
fleshly / sue this study^ ? Or is it the noble quest^ of
rendered blind to seeking to understand yourself, or what you
Voice of the Silence,
believe to be yourself ? If this latter is your aim
your search will not be vain ; you will, by seeking,
find your true natal star, and later on the star of your Immortal Self.
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY

Each sign of the zodiac is but a wrapping, a sheath in which

consciousness is buried. Unwrap it, and a finer wrapping you will
find ; and with each unwrapping or unravelling a clearer and a truer
note will sound forth. Each planet is but a ray of the divine and
pure white Light, coloured and refracted for your soul's growth.
Never let it be forgotten in all your searching that there is but
One spirit, One life and One universal Light. It illuminates myriads
of souls, and although your soul may be ever so deeply buried in the
self of flesh, the self of feeling, or the self of mind, yet there is a Self
behind all other selves. And although to-day your horoscope may be
a maze of many changing selves, your duty is to find the Self.
* *
Mr. Edward Henry Harriman, America's greatest Railway
King, was born February 25th, 1848. This remarkable man rose from
messenger boy to millionaire and controlled 90,000
A I
|£in™ay miles of railway in the United States.
It is said that it took him " fifteen years to
make his fortune and fifteen more to become a Railway Magnate."
Although as financier he has been called " Harriman the
Wrecker," it was admitted that he had splendid accomplishments as
a Railway Man. The horoscope of a man possessed of between
20 and 30 millions would be interesting, but unfortunately his time of
birth appears to be unknown. The main features on his natal day
were [see p. 425 September issue] the © and J) trine to each other
and in trine aspect with Saturn and Jupiter, the latter also in trine
aspect to each other.
Note the combination :
© <J k a d and y. in,m 1 <r a ?
D a 2/111 as a © and ij x / V A ij
With these powerful trine aspects he had his opportunities and
used them well, so far as accumulating wealth is concerned.

The Result of Prize Competition No. 13 will appear in the January issue,
the December number being (according to custom) devoted as far as possible
to non-technical subjects.
It has been decided to discontinue the publication of the Astrologer's
Annual, as the increased circulation, though gratifying, has not been found
sufficient to justify the expenditure entailed. But special features will be
introduced into the December issue which will take its place and will, as
heretofore, be a Christmas Number.
 31 duibfi ta tlje of ®!je :n tljE ^tliica

From a Student's Note-book

We are all
" Ships that pass in the night
And give each other warning,"
and there are certain happenings in the life of each individual which
are of interest and practical utility to others.
It may be that the following weekly barometer, which has not
been constructed without much study, care, thought and observation
on the part of the maker, may prove interesting to astrological students,
as giving a temperamental chart as it were, and a hint of individual
development. It may even provide a " rough and ready" guide to
various Zodiacal and Planetary types and species of men and minds,
and it would be useful and instructive if other students, interested in
a detailed knowledge of their minds and characters, would follow
this brief epitome of changes and chances, with similar records of
their own consecutive and " checked " experiences. The following
table is the result of many months of careful inward self-study and
outward experience.
1. Sunday.—A "day of joy and light." A day of life and force
on every plane. Good for beginning any process, on the spiritual
plane, especially. Also a successful day for "enthusing" others.
IVnrm'iig : To guard against super-abundance of vitality, causing
undesirable outrush on Klimic plane.
2. Monday.—Not a good day, except for the practice of self-
control and realisation of the impermanance of all things connected
with the lower mind and personalities. Tendency to overstrained
nervous disturbance. Feelingsof discontent and brooding, and mental
attitude of pessimism must be battled with. Never pay attention to
premonitions of failure, etc., experienced on a Monday; one of the
"rainydays" in the psychic calendar. A day of fortitude, and of
knowledge that doubt and darkness are not the habitations of the
 STUDY OF THE SELF IN THE SELVES

soul, but only temporary clouds caused by dark mists of personality

and an attempt of matter to obscure spirit.
3. Tuesday.—A day " to think peace in a world of strife: to
live love in a world of hate." A day of quarrels, disputes and general
storm and conflict. Indeed, in the experience of the writer, Monday
and Tuesday are respectively the days of "the greater and lesser
JK-fortune."
But a day of courage, and not one of exhaustion on any plane.
A day on which to avoid irritation if possible, as all personal discords
will be at their zenith. Not a day to choose for seeking out an enemy
to make of him a friend. But a day on which to seek to conserve
and ingather force in as much retirement and solitude as may be.
4. Wednesday.—A good day. Favourable for writing, and any
mental enterprise. Often a day for the solution of problems which
have for long perplexed the mind : yet also a day whereon others of
a similar nature may arise. Good for concentration and " setting
going" any work of a mental-motive nature. Also favourable for
speaking to others and influencing them mentally.
To guard against: Over-argumentation for its own sake and not
to decide any particular question. Also to refrain from belittling the
arguments, ideas and plans of others in contradistinction to our own.
A day to use the mind to its utmost, but not to abuse its functions,
by exalting them over spiritual processes. A day wherein to bridge
gulfs, and to refrain from worship of bridges.
5. Thursday.—Excellent day. Feelings of freedom, self-
realisation and power of the higher self, almost invariable. A day for
realisation of
"God's in His Heaven,
All's tight with the world."

A day to go among others and to give out to all. Of conscious

communion with the One Life, and of strength to impart. The day
of the week for exercise of power and love. Day of Ecstasy.
6. Friday.—Day for quiet meditation and contemplative
thought. For reflection and cognition of ideas from the higher mind.
Day for helping others by harmonious vibrations of mental sympathy.
Day for brooding over the wisdom of sage and poet.
Guard against: State of too dreamy inaction. Tendency to im-
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

practicality and inability to understand every-day matters. On the

other hand, do not engage in any unnecessary active and outgoing pro-
cesses. More a day of ingathering and brooding over, than outpouring.
A Sabbath Day best describes it.
7. Saturday.—More uncertain and irregular in sequence of
happenings than any other. But by repeated analysis and comparisons
it seems to bear some sort of intimate relationship with Wednesday.
If Wednesday goes well, Saturday almost invariably follows suit, and
the reverse. On the whole a day of instabilities, of " ups and downs,"
and all manner of oscillatory happenings. Many strange meetings
and happenings have occurred on Saturday of a romantic and
"Uranian" character. On the whole, one of the most interesting
days of the week, because of its " surprise-in-store " character. A
good day for meeting other minds and exchanging thoughts. Also
a day when friendships of a fleeting nature are apt to be formed.
To guard against: Feelings of restlessness and uncertainty, and
of " world-strangeness," which often accompany this day.
And herewith an end is made of a Student's Chart from the
happenings, inner and outer, of the " Days of the Week."
Cecil Tbacev.

THE PURSUER

The Devil was at my heels by day,

The Devil was at my back by night;
The Devil he haunted me all the way,
Till my hair was ragged with affright.

And hour by hour the horror grew

Till my brow was damp and my eyes astart—
Astart for the nameless dread I knew,
Lest the Devil should leap upon my heart.

And still the Devil followed fast;

I trembled at even the bean-stalk's nod.
" Have at you, then I " I cried at last,
And turned and faced him and found him God I
H. R.
 Ruling ^igns of Robins an5 Countries

It has been the custom of many astrologers to write of the

"ruling sign" of a city or country with the inference that all mis-
fortunes may be put down to the presence of some malefic in that
sign, regardless of whether that particular misfortune was caused by
war, famine, plague, strikes, or financial disaster. If we set up a
chart for any given locality we must, if we are consistent, admit that
each house has power according to those affairs over which it is said
to rule. For instance,—as the third house shows all matters concern-
ing means of transit,—if railway lines are tied up from strikes or
accidents it is surely to the Third House we must look for the presence
of some malefic in that house or in bad aspect thereto ; in matters
affecting the Government or national honour to the M.C.; and so
forth.
A system has been discovered by Mr. L. E. Johndro, a Canadian
by birth, now living at Rochester, N.Y., which puts this question of
ruling signs on a more substantial basis, while at the same time
allowance is made for the weight of each house in the figure. This
discovery is geographical in its essence, and can be described roughly
on a map of Mercator's Projection as one sign running over thirty
degrees of Longitude from West to East. That is to say that the M.C.
of a city exactly on the 105th degree of West Longitude would have
for its M.C. 20 degrees of Aquarius, while another place at the 100th
degree of West Longitude would have 25 degrees of Aquarius for its
M.C., and so on. The other houses are put in by the usual method
according to the latitude of the place. I say "roughly" because
there are some finer points to this system which will make the M.C.
vary many minutes at places from this crude explanation of mine.
However, this discovery is strictly scientific and has been outlined by
Mr. Johndro in part as follows :
" I will only add that the principles of Euclid, the gravity
problem, as applied to angles, the elements of the geocentric system,
some suggestions and data I was fortunate enough to obtain from the
Naval Observatory, together with the usual considerations of varia-
490 MODERN ASTROLOGY

tion of obliquity and the precession of Equinoxes, and minor correc-

tions, have been consistently applied in locating the ' house figures '
of the places given (referring to some national charts) and may be
used in the solution of any locality as well."
Now, according to the above principles, the chart of London
will be ;
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
119.23 1016.45 il 18.50 "J 14.17 ^6.7 11x4.II
This is calculated for the location of the Parliament buildings
and will not only stand for that particular locality but for the British
Government and Nation as well. This chart may perhaps provoke
prejudice against it, for Aries—the traditional ruling sign of Great
Britain—is not on an angle but is the Eighth House of the figure;
but I will show that England has often gone to war and suffered
reverses with not a single planet in Aries.
Formal Declaration of War on Russia was made March 28th,
1854 (Crimean), with Neptune but two minutes off the exact opposi-
tion of the ascendant of this figure. However, Kinglake regards the
decision for the invasion of the Crimea as a renewal of the war, since
it seemed to be dying of inanition previous to June, 1854 "> ^or he says :
" And if Lord Aberdeen had any remaining unwillingness to renew
the war by undertaking an invasion of Russia, his power of controlling
the course of the Government seems to have come to its end in the
interval between the 23rd and the 28th of June." He even speaks of
it as a new war, " And when it was proposed in the Cabinet to go
and fetch, as it were, a new war, by undertaking this bold adventure,
there was not one minister present who refused to give his consent."
This Cabinet meeting took place on June 27th, 1854, and on the
following day (28th) the Duke of Newcastle announced the decision
to the General commanding the English army in Bulgaria. On this
date Saturn was exactly on the M.C. of this chart, being n 9023'.
Cholera attacked the British Fleet in the middle of August, 1854,
when Saturn had arrived at the square of the ascendant from n 140.
Between September 14th and 18th the whole of the English land-
force was safely landed upon the enemy's coast with Mars trine
Neptune and both in close aspect to England's ascendant.
On January 25th, 1855, the Opposition in Parliament moved for
a commission of inquiry "into the condition of our Army before
 RULING SIGNS OF TOWNS AND COUNTRIES 49!

Sebastopol, and into the conduct of those departments whose duty it

has been to minister to that Army. After a debate of two days the
Government was decisively defeated." Saturn in conjunction with
the M.C. in that ninth degree of Gemini. This was the culmination
of the indignation of the English people over the disgraceful treatment
of the British Army in the Crimea. At none of these critical times
do we find a single malefic in Aries, and for that matter no planet at
all except the Sun, on March 28th, 1854.
Let us now look into the Transvaal War of 1880, and it will be
noticed that the Boers became restless and aggressive through August
and the autumn months as Uranus was transiting the square of the
M.C. of our chart, but no actual conflict occurred of any moment
until December 16th, 1880, when Uranus was nearly stationary
within but 30 minutes of an exact conjunction of this Ascendant and
with Mars in transit of the exact opposition of this M.C. in f 9°. The
Boers had declared for an Independent Republic three days previously.
When I come to the later Boer War I will show what an important
degree that ninth degree of Sagittarius was in that conflict, solely
from its being the opposition of England's M.C. The battle of
Majuba Hill was lost with Sun square this M.C. and also in parallel
with Saturn, yet during this fight both Jupiter and Venus were in
Aries, which surely ought to have offset in some measure the presence
of Saturn.
During the dark days of 1884-5 when General Gordon was
besieged at Khartoum, culminating in his death, we find Saturn again
in Gemini in the M.C. of our figure.
There is one thing which is striking in regard to this chart for
England and that is the position of Mr. Gladstone's Saturn, which
was at f g053' at his birth and in almost exact opposition of this
M.C. ; an explanation as to why his foreign policy was not always
satisfactory even to his own supporters, and when one also considers
that it was in opposition to Queen Victoria's Ascendant much more
is made clear.
It is perhaps just as well to note in passing that the chart given
by Lilly for the time of the execution of Charles I. has Saturn at
n g02^' on England's M.C., and at the time of sentence of death Mars
was in close conjunction of her ascendant.
At the outbreak of the last Boer war, October 12th, i8gg, when
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

the invasion of Natal commenced we find Mars in sextile to our

ascendant, Neptune in Gemini, Uranus in Sagittarius applying to an
opposition of England's M.C. and Saturn in Sagittarius. As Uranus
got closer to this opposition of the M.C. the English reverses became
acute, and on November 16th the Boers wrecked the armoured train,
capturing Winston Churchill among other prisoners. Mars had then
arrived at this ninth degree of Sagittarius. Buller's defeat at Tugela
River saw Uranus in this degree, and on December 18th Lord Roberts
was ordered to South Africa with Uranus exactly in opposition to
England's M.C. But when Jupiter followed along the path previously
travelled by Mars and Uranus, what a change ! Cronje surrendered
in February, igoo, and after that British defeats were few and those
of the Boers many. Saturn was then passing over into Capricorn
and afflicting the M.C. of the Boer country according to this system,
but it would take up too much space to show the chart of the
Transvaal.
I have not been able to gather sufficient data of financial
Stringencies in the City of London to write decidedly, but from studies
made of the charts of Washington and New York I have no hesitation
in saying that the aspects of the larger planets to this M.C. will have
a powerful effect in that direction, for on April 12th, 1893, the English,
Scottish and Australian Bank of London failed for thirty million
dollars with Mars and Neptune in conjunction on this very M.C.
That Jupiter in Aries brings good harvests and prosperous trade
to England is true enough, for it is then in the eighth house (National
Gains and Losses) in sextile to the M.C.; and to quote from the
Science of the Stars:
" In May, 1856, Jupiter in Aries, peace was signed between the
Allies (England, France, Turkey and Sardinia) and Russia, the
Crimean War being brought to a glorious termination ; a splendid
harvest in England was gathered in the same year—literally ' peace
and plenty.' In 1868, Jupiter in Aries, a tide of prosperity for this
country set in and continued to flow for several years. In April, 1880,
Jupiter re-entered Aries and an improvement took place in the trade
and commerce of England, which had been greatly depressed since
Saturn entered Aries in May, 1878."
It is equally well established that Saturn in Aries brings mischief
to England for the same reason (House of National Gains and Losses)
 RULING SIGNS OF TOWNS AND COUNTRIES 493

and its sextile to the M.C., for I have found that any aspect of Saturn,
Uranus, or Neptune to the M.C. of a national chart always brings
trouble or change in some way or other.
While admitting the strength of Aries in the National chart I
think it must also be conceded that the four points, iijjr40i7', K I40I7')
n9023', ^g023', together with their squares are vital; and that the
other houses together with their aspects are equally important within
their respective spheres of influence. The method here brought forward
has this advantage over other systems that it is fixed, and by taking
the charts for eclipses and for the entry of the Sun into the four
cardinal signs and using this chart as abase more accurate predictions
can be made so long as these gravity houses are considered ; for to
quote Mr. Johndro when writing on the effect of a certain eclipse,
" but the eclipse will not have effect upon any affairs of a given
locality unless it occurs at a critical degree with direct reference to
the gravity houses of that locality." In brief, it gives us a fixed base
to work from in Mundane Astrology, and will keep us from such
illogical statements as that made by the elder Zadkiel, that the
ascendant of London must be nx7054', for "it was that which
ascended at the moment of driving the first pile of the new London
Bridge,"—when as a matter of fact the figure was horary only.* Why,
it would be just as logical to say that n i7054' must be the ascendant
of a particular man because it was that which ascended at the
moment the tailor began to measure him for a new suit of clothes !
The two following charts are those of Washington, D.C., the
National Chart of the United States according to the Johndro
system ; and San Francisco.
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III.
r. Washington, D. C. K20.0 T25.25 04.55 asio,2 41 0.3 41.22,23
2. San Francisco ~ 3.7 M 0.18 T7.38 H 22.54 1119.13 as 10.53
Planets
GD SS <r 74 '2 W V
1. 2813.13 5:25,42 1024.18 ms 2.59 021.18 135.56 ^14.52 08.51 14124.7
2. T27.34 M0.2 T 7.33 « 13.40 822.54 06.58 KXJ.24 158.29 1137.52
The former will be of special interest as following the discussion
of the chart of Great Britain, for the separation from the Mother

• We think the statement referred to was given merely as corroborative proof,

this ascendant having been previously deduced from other considerations.—Ed.M.A .
 494 MODERN ASTROLOGY
Country was only accomplished by the War of the Revolution. I
have placed the planets in the chart according to their position in the
Zodiac at the time of the Declaration of Independence (sometime in
the afternoon of July 4th, 1776*), for in national affairs it broadens
the scope of this chart. To properly show events at the time of the
Declaration of Independence the chart of Philadelphia ought to be
shown, as it was then the Capital; but as there is only a few degrees'
difference between the houses of Washington and Philadelphia, and
as sometime prior to the war of 1812 Washington became the
Capital, the above chart will serve my purpose—since I am not
attempting to describe this system with mathematical precision but
only to show it roughly in order that the astrological world may be
induced to examine into its merits.
It will be noticed that Uranus in this chart is but 32 minutes
from conjunction of the M.C. of Great Britain and in the Twelfth
House of the United States. The Twelfth House is known as the
House of Plots and Sedition and naturally ifthe sedition is successful
the Twelfth House should mark the point of separation from the
Mother Country or as stated by the discoverer of the system, the
Twelfth House expresses "either self-conquest or self-destruction."
Thus the presence of Uranus in the Twelfth in 1860-61, aided of
course by other planetary conditions, brought on another revolution
termed the War of the Rebellion but as it was unsuccessful it brought
about no separation.
General George Washington, whose leadership finally crowned
American arms with success and who was the first President, had
^ in ^ 10° and but 37' from an exact opposition of the M.C.
of Great Britain. At the time of the Declaration of Independence
Mars was in Gemini too, in square to the M.C. of the United States.
In the chart for San Francisco I have placed the planets as they
were at the time of the great earthquake on April 18th, 1906. The
most striking point is the stationary position of Mercury on the cusp
of the Twelfth House and its affliction of both Uranus and Neptune,
and in an article by Mr. Johndro he has said: " However, passing on
to the earthquake, I need only point out that Mercury's, Uranus's and

• Note.—la the map given for this event, on p. 136 of Modern Astrolcgv.
Vol. I. (M.S.) the j) 's position is given as £129,27. Not having an Ephemeris for
1776 at hand it is impossible at the moment to say which is right.—Eu. M.A .
 RULING SIGNS OF TOWNS AND COUNTRIES 495

Neptune's mutual affliction on April 18th, 1906, fell evil to the cusps
of the Third, Ninth, Sixth and Twelfth. Now the Sixth is always
lord of buildings or completed structures, in the sense of its being
the gross aggregate of parts. Example; a brick in itself is ruled by
the Sixth because it is a completed form-mass of separate particles of
sand, each grain with reference to the brick (Sixth) coming under the
rule of the Twelfth. Now suppose a vast number of bricks are
' united ' to form a greater whole, in the form of a building, let us say,
then the building becomes ruled by the Sixth and the bricks by the
Twelfth, as the bricks become in themselves fixed quantities with
reference to the whole building, same as the grains of sand become
fixed quantities with reference to the brick. Now it is obvious from
this why the Sixth rules the buildings of a city and the body of man
as completed (developed) terrestrial realities, and why the Twelfth
rules a finer state of the same thing (matter),—as the individual bricks
in a building and the individual grains of sand in a brick, or as the
cell life of the human anatomy. Also it is evident that whatever
tends to individualise or separate these component parts tends to
destroy the structure resulting from their collectivity, and therefore
the Twelfth House has been called the House of Destruction and
arises from a purely evolutionary viewpoint. It reduces the building
(Sixth) to bricks (Twelfth) and the brick (Sixth) to sand (Twelfth) ;
and by an involutionary process thus becomes destructive not to
matter but to existing forms, while the reverse (evolutionary) process
produces the opposite effect, as in the reaction of rebuilding now going
on in San Francisco."
Mars was a strong factor as well, being in exact conjunction of
the city's Ascendant, and this probably indicates the subsequent
conflagration.
That Neptune plays an important part in such convulsions of
nature I am well satisfied from the study of many charts but will give
only one instance and that was during the fall of 1865, while Neptune
was passing back and forth over the cusp of San Francisco's Twelfth.
There were more than sixteen small shocks of earthquake, culminating
in one stiff shock on October 8th. Again, during the last few days,
(February I4th-i5th, 1909) there have been two slight shocks of earth-
quake, and Saturn is found going over the exact cusp of San Francisco's
twelfth !
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
I know that this subject deserves a better presentation than I
have been able to give it and that much more might be written. But
if this article has the effect intended of inducing those competent to
criticise it to investigate this system I shall feel that my time has been
well spent; for though it will not explain all matters in mundane
Astrology still it will prove to the open-minded student of the stars
that a long step forward has been made towards exactness in a branch
of Astrology that has heretofore been, to express it mildly, extremely
nebulous.
San Francisco, Stuart Armouu.
March, 1909.

[Editorial Note.—We have omitted certain details of a confirmatory

nature relative to the Washington chart, as likely to he tedious to the general
reader, however interesting in themselves. While thanking Mr. Armour for
his lucid exposition we trust Mr. Johndro will give our readers the benefit
of his discoveries, letting us know the principles on which the calculations
of these Ruling Charts are based, so that each of us may calculate them for
his native town.]

In " Scientific Notes" of February Theasaphist, Mr. G. E. Sutcliffe

reviews Prof. Schuster's letter in Nature, of October 29th, where he says that
the solar atmosphere, or at least some portion of it, must be composed for
the most part of a gas that is only one-thousandth part of the density of
hydrogen. Mr. Sutcliffe points out that "there is no gas with which we arc
acquainted that is lighter than hydrogen, hence the materials composing the
sun's atmosphere must be entirely different from the chemical substances
we are familiar with here on earth, and we thus arrive at a remarkable
proof of the well-known statement in The Secret Doctrine (Vol. I., p. 638),
where we read : " Neither the stars nor the sun can be said to be constituted
of those terrestrial elements with which the chemist is familiar, though they
are all present in the sun's outward robes." It has long been held by
science that spectrum analysis proved that the sun and stars were composed
of the same chemical constituents as the earth, but now a change is coming
over the scientific world, and they declare that the sun's atmosphere is
composed of negative electrons. These negativeelectrons are the foundation
of all electrical phenomena, in fact, the basic substance of electricity. This
is in perfect agreement with the answer given by the Adepts in Five Years
of Theosophy (p. 163), a book published in 1885. Speaking of the sun They
say: " externally is spread its robe, the nature of which is not matter,
whether solid, liquid, or gaseous, such as you are acquainted with, but vital
electricity." In the glossary of the same book H. P. B. describes the Astral
Light as "a subtle form of existence forming the basis of our material
Universe." This is exactly what the modern scientist says of the negative
electron.
 497

ithtoa front iHotoIjm

I uroke oil last month at the point where my friend wanted to know
if Mr. W. W. Jacobs was, in my opinion, a student of Astrology because I
said his stories furnished such wonderful studies of .zodiacal and planetary
types. In my reply I pointed to Mars square Uranus as an indication of the
unlikelihood of such a thing, (I only know one student of Astrology with
that position and lie has others which tend to neutralise it), and I proceeded
to explain that all great story writers represent types, and not persons, in
their works.
Dickens, for instance, portrayed a type in Mr. Pickwick,—and another
type in Sam VVeller. There seems to be in all great imaginative writers
a certain psychic faculty by virtue of which they are enabled firstly to
select the type they need, and secondly to put themselves in some
mysterious way into touch with it, so as to interpret it correctly. Everybody
has marvelled at the sympathetic insight by which Dickens was enabled to
divine Sam Weller's historic rejoinder to the question : "Have you a pair
of eyes, Mr. Weller ? " "Yes, I have a pair of eyes; and that's just it.
If they wos a pair of patent double million magnifyin' gas microscopes, of
hextra power, p'r'aps I might be able to see through a flight of stairs and a
deal door; but bcin' only eyes, yon see, my wision's limited." Anyone well
acquainted with a man who has Mercury in Sagittarius will recognise this
tendency to a cataract like flow of imagery when under the stress of
excitement.
Mr. Jacobs's characters are no less faithful portrayals of their types.
V K*
Take the Night-Watchman for instance, "a man I've spoke to you of
before," and who, I suggested, is an example of Leo.::: Everything he says
or does proclaims it, from his views on love or money down to his sovereign
contempt for everything in which he doesn't happen to be interested, or
which is done in some other way than his own. Mark the words sovereign
contempt, for it is a truly sovereign contempt; there is neither affectation,
exaggeration, nor apology about it. Children of the Sun, and they alone,
can display this supreme disdain. The lion is the only animal that looks
through you, as though you weren't there!
Again, though loath to strike, the lion can fell with one stroke of his

" For a (inc study of Deo, see Isabelle ?.I. Pagan's artiele in *1 .A . for August,
1908.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
paw the disturber of his peace. So can, on occasion, the Night-Watchman.
Witness the following, from "Two's Company"; [quoted from memory].
The topic is the uncertainties of friendship, which the N.-W. has pronounced
" a deloosion and a snare " :—
" I've 'ad more friendships in my time than most people—consequence of bein'
took a fancy to for one reason oranother—and they nearly all of them ended sudden.
"There was a man once who thought I couldn't do wrong. Everything I did
was right to 'im, and now if I pass 'im in the street 'e makes a face as though 'e'd
got a Hair in his mouth. And all on account of me telling 'im the truth one day,
when he was thinking of getting married. I3ein'a bit uneasy like in his mind, 'e
asked me 'ow I thought 'is looks would strike me, supposin' 1 was a gal.
" It was an orkard question, but there was no getting out of it, so I told 'im he
had got a good 'eart, and that no man could'ave a better pal. I said he was a
good sailor, and free with 'is money. O' course that didn't satisfy 'im, so he told
me to take a good look at 'im and tell 'im wot I thought of 'is looks. So then I 'ad
to tell 'im plain that everybody 'ad different ideas about looks, that looks wasn't
everything, and that 'andsome is as 'andsome does. Even that didn't satisfy 'im,
and at last I told 'im, speakin' as a pal to a pal, that if I was a gal and 'e came
along courtin' me, I should go to the police about it."
1 doubt if Mr. Jacobs, or even the night-watchman himself, has ever
excelled that little speech I
*
I could go On for a long time giving illustrations of one or another of
the Leo characteristics of the night-watchman,—one is his quaint way of
manufacturing ri/roiig words which are yet more forceful, and in the end
more explanatory, than the right words {e.g., " he's dead now, poor chap,
and left three widders mourning their unrepairable loss"),—but I had better
revert to his creator, Mr. Jacobs, and say why I consider him an Aquarian.
Partly because of the underlying note of cruelty I have spoken of, combined
with the dispassionately artistic way of treating every subject which he
handles (ruler 1? d ? and g in it). One does not easily find in the pages
of literature such a perfect artist as Mr. Jacobs. For a proof, lake any one
of his sentences and try to rewrite it—to add a word, or take one away,
without spoiling it. In the pages of this magazine a while ago we had the
horoscope of the author of The New Word, also born under Aquarius (ruler
Ij d ? and <? in it); and the same may be said of the writing in that book.
This delicate literary sense is Libra, and Libra only, I am aware ; but
the other tastes exhibited, the love of the outre, the fun-poking manner, the
firmness with which the most terrible themes (e.g., " The Monkey's Paw ")
can be handled—these are surely indications of a fixed sign, and that sign
Aquarius.

Mr. Jacobs is an artist upon whose like we shall not look again for some
decades; for it is as hopeless a task successfully to add or subtract an
incident from his stories as a word from his sentences. These stories of
his are cameos, clear cut, delicate and flawless. But it is worthy of note
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 499
that his longer tales are less satisfactory—and less successful. He has the
Sun in a common (mutable) sign, and is hence a greater master of detail
than of substance. His stories are unique examples of the possibility of
manner outweighing in interest matter.—And therein, to the philosophic, is
abundant food for reflection.
P *
No apology is needed, I am sure, for making Mr. Jacobs once again my
theme. A man who can tickle the world's ribs, is worth more than a
passing reference.
But my main thesis is not Mr. Jacobs, nor any author, nor indeed any
book—or even books at all. It is, the ubiquity of subjects of extreme astro-
logical interest. One needs only to have one's mind " astrologically alive,"
to find the world teeming with interesting examples ever creating new, and
rekindling old, enthusiasms. The other day for instance, when on my
holidays, I saw a small bare-legged child walking with the peculiar
swaying hip-motion characteristic of the sign Scorpio; and a moment
afterwards I heard the child's father address her as " Maud," a Scorpio
name. This is only a single example I know, and (as my Sagittarian friend
said) one swallow does not make a summer,—but only fear of the Editorial
' blue pencil' prevents me from adding many more.
And yet. as I said last month, some o: my friends tell me they are "so
sorry they haven't the time to study astrology." And others complain that
they are not " clever," as I am. (Usually I find they resent my cleverness,
but occasionally they envy it for a change!) What a lot of unconscious
hypocrisy there is in all this!—Let us only use the eyes and wits and
chances that we have, and the gods will surely send us better ones in due
time I
* *
I have been banded the following, received from a subscriber, and I am
told it was supplied by the native of "A Human Document " in issue for
November, 1908:—
Two men were once discussing the extreme cold experienced during the
winter, and one (probably a native ol Gemini) was giving an illustration.
" On one occasion." said he, " a sheep, in jumping from a bank to the ground,
was frozen on the way, and remained suspended in mid air, a mass of ice."
'• Indeed ? " said the other. " But would not the law of gravity prevent that ? "
"Oh," was the rejoinder, " the law of gravity was frozen, too."
I agree that this is Gemini, but can anybody tell me why ? If not, I will
attempt the answer myself.

The following has been received from a reader whose 'rising sign is
Cancer, with Sun in Gemini:—
500 MODEKN ASTKOLt GV
(Scene: Interior of Church). Akchitect [who has come i'ouu about tht " Restora-
tion"). " Good deal of Dry-Rot in these pews."
Garrclobs Pew-Opener. " Yes, Sir. But it ain't nothink to what there is in
the Pulpit."
and these three true anecdotes from another reader with the same
positions, but having the Moon in Libra instead of Leo as has the former.
Up in the North I met a friend who was greatly interested in a certain
preacher, and in the course of conversation be said: "You may be sure I like him.
for if I did not he would 6nd my seat absent, I can tell you." There must have
been a smile on my face, though he evidently did not see why, for he went on:
" Well, perhaps not; but what I mean to say is that if I did not like him he
would find vie vacant, anyway,"
In the same town a friend who bad to see to the lettering of a new notice
board for the kirk, was amazed to find the following original sentence; "This
church is licensed for the sotei,nic(a:ion of marriages."—How popular that church
would have been !
The third true story also comes from the North. A business man was in the
habit of relieving two old men, whom he called his pensioners, weekly. One day
he could not go to them, and deputed another. " How much am I to give them ?
he was asked.
"A penny each," was the reply.
When the deputy returned the other said; " Did you give a penny, or twa
ha'pence ? "
" A penny," he answered.
" Ay. mon ; ye suld ha'e gi'en twa ha'pence, it icad hue seemed wair." All these
men were known to me personally.
My ascendant is Cancer and I think the last story is more Cancer than Gemini.
[So do 1, dcciJediy.—f. Z. L.]

I must express my thanks to the Editor for his thoughtfulness in

forwarding these and other letters to me, so that I am enabled to deal with
them at once and thus save the delay that would be caused if they were
printed as " Letters to the Editor " in the usual way. Here is another one :—
I hope I am not too late with my " funny story." The difficulty with
me is to choose one particularly good out of many that appeal to me. Perhaps as
good as any is a story which is told anent Browning's obscurity. Someone said
that in the poem " Sordello " the only parts which one could understand were the
first line and the last, and they were both lies. The first line is "Who will may-
hear Sordello's story told." the last is " Who would has beard Sordello's story
told."
I wonder—I am not an experienced astrologer, and say this tentatively—if
that is a Virgo story. Virgo, being simple and direct, cannot away with elaboration
and obscurity in poetry or religion. My rising sign is Virgo, but I have Sim and
Moon in Sagittarius, so am, I suppose, at least equally a Sagittarian. I asked a
friend who has the Sun in Scorpio which of the stories given in the August number
she thought best. She singled out the Scorpio one. It also appealed to me, more
indeed than the Virgo or Sagittarian ones, but then I have Mercury, my ruling
planet, in Scorpio.
I thank this correspondent for her letter, but I am inclined to think the
story quoted Scorpio, not Virgo; indeed she more than half surmises
this herself, I gather, from her later remarks. Note the " sting" in the
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 501
criticism, the essentially epigrammatic way it is put, and also the transparent
jealousy of Browning which prompted it.—Scorpio has no patience with
obscurity which it cannot pierce !
I do not think Virgo would have disposed of Sordello in the same way: it
would have pointed out that it was "only " (so-and-so).
While on this subject of Virgo I may mention that one of my friends
interpreted my remarks on p. 269 (June) to mean that I have a poor opinion
of Virgo humour I do not think the words invite such a construction, and
I am sorry that Virgo people have not sent specimen stories which enable
me to refute it. So far, the above letter is the first received from a native of
this sign ; I am afraid they regard such questions as frivolous I Hence I
am thrown upon my own resources in this matter and am obliged to select
my own specimen of Virgo humour, which I may as well say at once is (in
this instance at least) rather wit than humour. But I think I might almost
call it an ideal specimen of its class.
A lady, whilst going downstairs to dinner, had the misfortune to step slightly
on the dress of a lady in front of her. The man on whose arm the former was
leaning rudely said aloud, so that the couple in front might hear :
•' Always getting in the way. like Balaam's ass! "
Upon which the lady whose gown had been trodden on turned round, and
replied with a sweet smile :
"Pardon me. it was the angel who stood in the way, and the ass which spoke."
* * *
No one will need to be told which sign the following will appeal to:
The naming of twins was the subject of an amusing story told by Lady
Balfour of Burleigh at a recent meeting.
"A friend of mine." she said, "had the good fortune—or misfortune—to have
three sets of twins, and as each pair came the parents puzzled their brains to
discover suitable names for them.
" The first pair, being girls, were called Kate and Duplicate ; the second, a
brace of boys, were named Peter and Repeater; and the third, also boys, Max
and Climax.
" But the question then arose : What if there should be a fourth, and even a
filth pair? A young lady solved the difficulty respecting the fourth by suggesting
Ann and Another; while in the case of the fifth a well known authoress came to
the rescue by suggesting Hugh and Cry."
s-. t. t-
It may be suggested that, should the enterprising mother continue her
duplicity, succeeding importations might be labelled according to circum-
stances, Adam and Madam, Eve and Event, Abel and Mabel, Cain and
Chicane, Ham and Tongue and so on, and so on, until further notice.
*
In conclusion I must give a Sagittarian tale :—
An accomplished and picturesque beggar was often to be seen in a busy
London thoroughfare, dragging himself along, in company with a little dog, held
by a chain, and hiving around its neck a placard with these words in big letters,
" Pity the Poor Blind."
A passer-by, who suspected the fellow's genuineness, put a sixpence into the
502 MODERN ASTROLOGY
beggar's extended band. " I say ! " be exclaimed, turning back, " was that a half-
sovereign I gave you ? "
" No, sir," replied the beggar, "only sixpence."
" Ah!" exclaimed the donor. " so you are not blind, after all! "
" Not me," was the unabashed rejoinder, " it's my dawg what's blind I "
F. Z. L.

Coincidences Relating to Numbers :—The recurrence of the numbers

nine and nineteen in the more important dates connected with the ill-fated
family of Stuart is rather remarkable. In many cases in which the number
nine does not itself occur, it will divide the actual number given. Nineteen
figures largely in the dates connected with the more important members of
the Stuart family,—that is, important from the historical point of view,—
while nine occurs in those of less importance.
Henry Stewart, Lord Darnley married Mary Queen of Scots on 29/7/1565,
when he was 19 years old. The murder of Rizzio occurred on 9/3/1566. On
19/6/1566 was born James I. of England and VI. of Scotland. On 9/2/1567
Lord Darnley was killed by an explosion. James I. was married to Anne
of Denmark by proxy, 20/8/1589. The royal couple first met 19/11/1589.
Queen Anne died 1/3/1619. James I. died 27/3/1625 in his 59th year. Three
of the children of James I. were born on the 19th of the month :
(1) Henry, Prince of Wales born 19/2/1594. Invested at age of 9 with
Order of the Garter, died 6/11/1612 in his jgth year.
(2) Elizabeth, Queen of Bohemia, born 19/8/1596. Affianced 27/12/1612,
left England with her husband 27/4/1613. Her husband died 29/11/1632;
her faithful servant and reputed second husband, Lord Craven, died 9/4/1697
in his 89th year.
(3) Charles, afterwards King, born 19/11/1600. Lady Arabella Stuart,
cousin of James I., died 27/9/1615, it is believed in her 39th year.
Of the descendants of Queen Elizabeth of Bohemia the most celebrated
is Prince Rupert, who fought on the Royalist side in the Civil War. He
was born 19/12/1619, died 29/11/1684. Charles I. had nineteen palaces. His
Queen was born 28/11/1609, she died 10/8/1669, aged 59 years. Charles I.
was executed 30/1/1649, aged 49.
Henry, Duke of Gloucester, son of Charles I., was born 8/7/1639, went
to take part in a Spanish Campaign at 19 years old, died 3/9/1660. Mary,
daughter of Charles !., died aged 29. Elizabeth, another daughter, died
8/9/1649.
Charles II. was born 29/5/1630. Entered London at the Restoration
29/5/1660. Some of his children may be noticed in connection with the
number 9.
(t) James, Duke of Monmouth, born 9/4/1649.
(2) Henry Fitzroy, Duke of Grafton, born 20/9/1663, married 1/8/1672,
[sic/j died 9/10/1690, aged 27.
(3) Charles Lennox, Duke of Richmond, born 29/7/1672, created D. of
Richmond 9/8/1675, died 27/5/1723.
(4) Anne Fitzroy, Countess of Sussex, born 29/2/1662, died at the age
of 59.
Duchess of Cleveland, mistress of Charles II., died 9/10/1709.
It is remarkable that the so-called Pretenders do not exhibit this
peculiarity in birth or other data.
From a Correspondent.
 ®(je ^obiacal anil ^pianetarg ®fmperamtnta*

{Smts)

VI. THE SIGN LIBRA

[Cmitinned front p. 476)

Another paper dovetails neatly at this point, being conceived in

a very similar vein. The writer, alluding to the horror of physical
disablement which has already been remarked upon, and quoting
Charubel's remark previously given (concerning the want of
sympathy between Libra and this earth) says:—
From what I have observed and have been told about the sign
I should think this statement is true.
That being so, it seems the more remarkable that deformity or
mutilation of the " mere physical body "—as we so often term it—
should be looked upon by Libra people with such horror. And in
reflecting upon the matter, I came to the conclusion that the true
reason of this antipathy was an occult one, and was due to the fact
that the physical body is but a symbol of the Whole Man and that,
in consequence, any deformity or mutilation thereof was symbolical
evidence of a corresponding deformity, or atrophisation, in the Real
Man. And as Libra is pre-eminently the sign of balance or rather, as
I would say, of proportion, this defection of a part which would mar
the wholeness, or holiness, or health of the True Man would be very
keenly felt.
The symbol of the Balance teaches us that in the sign Libra the
two poles of Nature are counterpoised more or less, and equilibrium
or motionlessness is the result. From this we learn two things, first
that since these two poles of Nature are the objective and subjective,
often wrongly styled the material and the spiritual, the sign Libra is

* Note.—The first article of this series, " On the Meaning of Temperament,"

appeared in Modern Astrology for April, p. 154, and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
504 MODERN ASTROLOGY

therefore the sign par excellence of Yoga, which is the union or more
properly, perhaps, adjustment of these two elements of our being;
secondly, it shows us that the true Libra person is one who does not
fall into the error of misapprehending Nature to such an extent as to
suppose that the bodily is to be sacrificed—using the word in its
ordinary debased sense which implies destruction, or doing away with
—to the spiritual, but that the bodily and the spiritual are both to
be made a living sacrifice- to the divine principle of proportion or
equity, which living sacrifice is as St. Paul says "our reasonable
service." In this conception we discern the true meaning of the word
" sacrifice," which—as its derivation from sacer, sacred, and fac&re, to
make, shows—means to make holy; in short, to make whole.
The most beautiful Libra character that the Western world has
any conception of is that of Jesus. And Jesus, we are told, was
taunted with keeping company with harlots and publicans. It seems
to me that the reason he preferred the company of such, if he did
prefer it, as the taunt seems to imply, was because his spiritual vision
discerned in those whom he selected as his companions a greater
development of that wholeness, or proportion, of nature than he could
find among the scribes and Pharisees, whose false standard of " holi-
ness " might better have been described, perhaps, as partliness; and
that he found them more receptive to and more capable of profiting
by his spiritual teaching than even that young ruler who, when told
to sell all his goods and give to the poor went away sorrowful, because
he had great possessions.
Let it not be thought that the holiness of the Scribes and
Pharisees, Virgos and Scorpios, is to be disdained. Jesus himself
expressly said otherwise: "Except your righteousness shall exceed
—that is include—the righteousness of the Scribes and Pharisees ye
shall in no case enter the Kingdom of Heaven."
The Kingdom of Heaven, the Kingdom of Eveu^ of the even mind,
and of the balanced soul, I take to be the sign Libra in its highest
sense, or at least in one of its highest senses. And in concluding
I may mention that an exceedingly beautiful picture of an angel that
I saw recently, conveyed to me the impression of having an ideal hihra
face.
° It is curious that two diflerent writers should independently have hit upon
the same text (see p. 474); a similar instance occurs on p. 374—Ed.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 505
Up to this point our deliberations, as formerly, have concerned
themselves almost entirely with the abstract or ideal characteristics
of the sign. We now turn to several contributions which survey,
with varying degrees of comprehensiveness, the most noteworthy
characteristics that are to be remarked in actual acquaintance with
persons born either with Libra as the ascending sign, or having
significant planets posited therein at birth.
The first of these selections now to be brought forward provoked,
at the time it was first read, a friendly criticism to the effect that not
a few of the characteristics adverted to were Saturniau rather than
Venusian traits. And it is a fact that the horoscopes submitted in
connection with it, each and all showed strong Saturniau influence in
other directions.*
The remark of a speaker on another occasion, however, throws
some light on this point. lie observes that so far as his limited
experience goes, he has noticed that Libra people " usually appear to
have some affliction of Saturn, or that planet powerfully placed in
the horoscope." The present scribe is also compelled to endorse this
statement and, bearing in mind that this sign is the exaltation of
Saturn ; and taking into consideration also the qualities adumbrated
as the Libra ideals, shown in the two fairy stories with which we
commenced, wherein the renouncal is demanded of all that has been
previously won ; it seems not unnatural that we should find in Libra
a certain " saturnicity" of temperament, more or less latent or
revealed according as the true Libra ideal has been but dimly
sensed or definitely striven after.
Considering the sign Libra as the second of the Airy Triplicity,
we are at once struck by the fact that these three mental signs together
represent the perfect humanity,—Aquarius the man, Libra the woman,
and Gemini the child. And it is remarkable that Libra, the woman's
sign par excellence in the zodiac, is a cardinal, a positive, and a mascu-
line sign,—as if to suggest that receptivity and passivity are by no
means the cardinal virtues of what is called the softer sex. Again,
regarding the zodiacal sign as the sheath of a special planetary influ-

° I think the implied caution here ought to be a little emphasised. It will be

seen later that the writer is born under Libra, with Venus in Capricorn (G —. D k).
which no doubt accounts for the fact that one or two rather Saturnine qualities
(which I have ventured to query) are attributed by her to Libra.—Sob-Ed.
506 MODERN ASTROLOGY
ence, we find that Libra represents the active and tnjasic side of the
planet Venus, while Taurus represents the negative, passive, or
tamasic side. We should therefore expect to find in Libra much
greater creative power than in Taurus ; but if we are thinking of the
creation of fpnns, we shall be disappointed. Libra is creative only
on the mental plane, its activities are there, and when it seeks to
transfer them to the physical plane it is handicapped by a body much
less fitted for physical labour and endurance than the body given by
Taurus. The natives of Libra are very sensitive to magnetism, but
are very bad conservers of it; they exhaust themselves very rapidly
and are apt to "live beyond their income" in the matter of magnetism;
consequently they have little reserve force. Their natural activity
leads them to spend themselves to the utmost, and they then break down
suddenly; but if put under favourable conditions they are just as
quickly restored. At such times—and indeed at all times—Librans
are extremely dependent upon their mental surroundings—i.e., the
influence of other people's minds. This of course is unfavourable to
originality, but makes them excellent transmitters and interpreters of
other people's ideas. They expound other people's doctrines, carry
out other people's intentions in art, fight other people's battles, and
are continually throwing themselves into some cause in which they
stand to lose and not to win. These conditions bring out to the full
the magnanimity and disinterestedness which are characteristics of
the sign.
If we now look at Libra as the complement of Aries, we shall see
these features still more strongly brought out. Aries is the egoist of
the zodiac ; Libra is the self-sacrificer; and this self-Icss-v,ess of Libra
takes the form of a continual seeking for union. Librans are above
all else partners. Libra governs the seventh house in the normal
horoscope, the house of marriage and partnership; and its natives
always work best in double harness and find their best expression in
union with another person or group of persons. Generally speaking
they are, of all the twelve zodiacal types, the least suited to stand
alone in the world and to live alone. They can work and labour
strenuously for others, but they rarely fight for their own hand, and
their efforts on their own behalf are apt to make a very poor show.
The more I think of it, the more convinced I am that the/tf.^nffoKS-
ness of Libra natives—their craving for order and balance and harmony
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 507

—is the secret of their general failure in life. They want every-
thing to be in apple-pie order all the time, which of course means
stagnation. In their hatred of excess, extravagance, and exaggera-
tion, they ever seek the "golden mean," and consequently do not
distinguish themselves either for good or evil. And thus it is
that they rarely run risks or " play for high stakes" of any kind.
Their special lessons in life are those that are learned through union ;
consequently both men and women born under this sign generally
marry, and it is not surprising that the lessons they thus set themselves
sometimes prove hard to learn. In their eagerness for union they are
apt to marry in haste for the sake of having someone to come home
to, someone to go out with, someone to look after, or someone to
blame if things go wrong—not often this latter. Only when the Sun
in the horoscope is strong and solitary—in a fixed sign, or well
supported in one of the three other cardinal signs (not the rising
sign)—can the natives of Libra find happiness in a single and inde-
pendent life. It is significant that the pilgrim of the zodiac is made
to pass directly from Libra into the proud and solitary sign Scorpio,
there to learn not to give himself away so readily, and to attain the
self-reliance which Libra lacks.
With the exception of the twelfth sign, Libra is the most sensi-
tive, receptive, and impressionable in the zodiac ; the most feminine of
the masculine signs, the least active and most adaptable of the cardinal
signs, and—again excepting the twelfth—the most easily dominated
and swayed by others. The word swayed is peculiarly appropriate in
connection with the Libran symbol, i.e., the balance. Paradoxical
though it may sound, the native of Libra is apt to be »)/balanced,
too easily persuaded and " talked over," and this by reason of that
very quality of open-mindedness which is oneot his best gifts. Unless
he has carefully trained himself, or had a wide experience of life, he
is apt to listen to the last tale, and throw himself into whatever cause
he happens to hear most eloquently pleaded. The more advanced
type of Libran, however, will be more slow to pledge himself to a
cause, and more careful to hear all sides before enlisting. The illus-
tration of the " balance " may here be pursued to advantage, and it
may be said of the natives of Libra generally that though they may
hesitate, they never vacillate. The scales may swing for a long time
when the weights are thrown in, but when the heaviest weight
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

begins to settle itself, it does not come up again. So with the

Libran ; he may be long torn between two opinions, but when once
his decision is made, he very rarely goes bad; upon it.* Probably it is
just because of this difficulty in making up his mind that he clings so
tenaciously to his opinions when he has formed them. Similarly in
matters of longsuffering and endurance; he will submit for years to
the tyranny of a too-exacting colleague, or to some oppression which
he has brought upon himself by his own weakness, but when at last
he rebels, he does it thoroughly, and a yoke once cast off is renounced
for ever.*
This brings us to some minor characteristics of Librans in daily
life ; as for instance, their great love of order and harmony, their dis-
like of shocks, and of everything sudden, abrupt, and unexpected;
and their rooted objection to changes of plan.* Though physically un-
fitted for manual work they will often undertake it and finish it under
great fatigue rather than leave anything in disorder; and this trait in
women is quite distinct from the " housewifeliness" of Virgo; the
Libra woman has no love of housework, but if servants fail her she
chooses it as the lesser evil of two. Librans are extremely methodi-
cal [?] and systematic [?], both in their mental processes and in their
practical work, and this quality also is apt to " run to seed " and
cause them to attach more importance to methods than to achieve-
ment.* Closely bound up with this love of order and regularity, and
onsequently of rcutinc, is the dislike of surprises, and of being taken
unaware.* A Libra woman was lately heard to say that the fact of a
pleasant event being unexpected was almost enough to destroy the
pleasure of it for her.* And from this follows the tendency to keep to
a plan once made because it is a plan,* and to resent any alteration of it
until some good reason is given. This ultimate appeal to reason is
something fundamental in the nature of Libra because it is a mental
sign ; and since it is also a cardinal sign its natives will accept the
most revolutionary changes so long as they can see a clear and
sufficient reason for them. This is a point to be borne in mind in the
training of children—it is unkind and unfair to expect unquestioning
obedience from a Libra child; but let the teacher explain as far as
possible the " why and wherefore " of his commands, and obedience

" Qiuiy: are nol these Capricorn trails?—Sub.-Ed,

 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 509

will generally follow.* Indeed if we would sum up the best qualities of

Libra in two words, Matthew Arnold's phrase " sweet reasonableness "
might serve us very well.*
The " thoroughness " of Libra natives when once brought to a
decisive point is also illustrated by the quality of their temper when
roused. Though generally of a placid and even disposition they have
a kind of cumulative anger, which after being restrained on ninety-
nine occasions, breaks out at last upon the hundredth provocation, not
because it is any worse than the former ones, but because it is the
" last straw." The offender, quite oblivious of his ninety-nine
escapes, thinks such anger quite out of proportion to his offence,
whereas it really relates to the whole series of his blunders.*
The quality of tact, which is also distinctive of the Libra nature,
is probably derived from its extreme sensitiveness and quickness of
perception, by which it is able to realise beforehand how a certain
speech or action will strike another person, and why this or that
method will cause friction or give pain. It may safely he said that
the mental processes of Libra are always concerned with other people
rather than with itself, and herein lies both its weakness and its
strength. It may degenerate into the polite lie of the drawing-room,
where everybody is pretending to be pleased and no real pleasure is
felt by anyone ; or it may rise to the heroic lie of the Roman wife who,
when her husband was led forth to execution, stabbed herself with his
sword and smiled at him, saying, " It does not hurt!." But with that
great power of self-sacrifice comes the temptation to practise it un-
wisely,—to make sacrifice an end in itself instead of a means. We
are told that the Initiate, on reaching a higher stage on the Path, finds
his severest temptations in thosethings which were virtues to him at
a lower stage ; each virtue acquired becomes a new source of tempta-
tion until the perfect Balance is won. The symbol of Libra is said to
be a "blind " veiling a mystery of Initiation ; and it may be that the
danger of the seventh sign is the carrying of self-sacrifice to the

• As I have queried some of the former statements I think I ought to mention

that these remarks strike me as quite true. The reason, or mentality, of Libra seems
quite distinct from that of Capricorn, belonging apparently to a certain fine quality
of feeling rather than to mentality in the intellectual sense. Again, the sense of
justice of which mention is frequently made in this paper, is in Libra rather a
feeling than a perception as in Capricorn.—Hence Librans make more sacrifices
than Capricornians in satisfying it! Note the use of the word "reasonableness"
and compare St. Paul's expression "reasonable service" (p. 504]—Sob-Ed.
510 MODERN ASTROLOGY
point of sin ; and that the true work of Libra in the Zodiac is to bring
intelligence to bear upon love; to put the divine qualities of Venus
under the dominion of Mind.
Elsewhere the same writer, alluding to the dislike of physical im-
perfection or mutilation says, " This," I think, " is only oxe manifesta-
tion of the Libran love of regularity and harmony in environment.
Bernard Shaw has a very wise saying in the preface to Man and
Superman—but it is a saying for the Initiate and not for the ordinary
person—namely, that ' the only way to moderation is through
excess'; and if Libra is, as I believe, peculiarly the Initiate's sign—
i.e., the stage of growth at which all wisdom previously learnt has to
be reversed and turned inside out^—then the saying is one which Libra
would do well to lay to heart. And here I put a query: Does the
foregoing give the clue to the reason why women (Libra) are so much
more orthodox and conventional than men (Aries), and have a much
greater dislike of the eccentric and original ? "
The specimen horoscopes passed round at the time of reading the
foregoing paper were the following; their generally saturnian
tendency has already been alluded to :
Houses
X. XI. XII. I. II. III,
No. 1. Si 6 I'D 10 6 iS 26 11122 7 27
No. 2. Si 0 IS 5 ^ 2 iS 22 1418 S 21
No. 3. <a 17 a 22 ns2i iSI2 m 8 f IO
No. 4. 23 11 Sll? ns 16 is 8 HI 2 7 3
Planets
O 5 s ? <f # h w V
No. 1. l6 »28 26 Itc 13 s 26 14! 19 V326 Si 9 T27
No. 2. = l6 f 16 - 9 V3 7 a 26 x 16 T 12 nji 8 a 9
No. 3- n 14 n 10 w 27I5. n 2 t 5 111 201). islll^ 1124 T 8
No. 4- = 17 * 13 = 13 V3 1 0312 E* ms 11123 03 4^ Til
Of these No. i is a well-known artist, and No. 4. is the author of
the paper. We are not given any special particulars as to the careers
or temperaments of the natives, and they are merely to be taken as
indications of Libra people well known to the writer, and from whom,
we may presume, many of her conclusions are drawn; (hence the
caution as to the prominence of saturnine influences in them).
It may be fitting at this point to introduce another specimen

° This idea may be noted, as it is taken up later on in the body oi the paper
and worked out more fully.—Trans. Sec.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 511

horoscope, submitted by a student who did not contribute actively to

the discussion.
x. xi. xii. 1. 11. nr.
m22 .0.26 1524 isiy • itiio 713
O D S S J v <f w IV
ssiSA t«6 ssSI?. y}6 ^ 13 m 2 P, yiy V314 yj8
This, we are told, is the horoscope of a noted Member of
Parliament who died about eight years ago. He is described as :
" A remarkably strong character, humane, dignified, entirely reliable,
just, well-balanced, considerate; much self-esteem ; always very calm ;
of strong artistic tastes, and a collector of valuable pictures. Married
twice : first wife much beloved, died after second daughter was born ;
second wife less sympathetic, brought him five more daughters (the
sixth epileptic), she survived him.
"A most affectionate father, very refined, reserved, but genial,
very practical, loving the duties of public life, and largely ambitious
in an honourable direction.
" Died at the age of 77, of a lingering and painful internal disease.
" Eyes blue, dark hair, body long in comparison with limbs ; fresh
complexion. Wrote a book of poems. Was a good speaker, but a little
heavy and slow, and dogmatic. One of his constituents, characterising
his manner of speaking, said : ' Solomon was a fool to him.' "

The influence of the sign Libra in respect to those mho have the
Sun placed in this sign at birth, seems to have been the chief subject of
observation to another student who remarks:*
They appear to be very intuitional and magnetic, and can influ-
ence others and make them, in their turn, enthusiastic, thus spurring
them also on to success. They are very sympathetic, and do not
often turn a deaf ear to an appeal for assistance. They are lovers of
humanity and have much pity for the weak and fallen, and those who
cannot defend themselves. They are rather given to idealising, and
will often know of evil in those they care for, but persistently shut
their eyes to the truth, and thus they are charged at times with want
of judgment, which however is not the fact at all, because they have

* The writer has herself the Sun in Libra, but has Leo on the ascendant, and
it is easy to see that in one or two places characteristics credited to Libra should
more properly be ascribed to Leo.—Trans. Sec.
512 MODERN ASTROLOGY
great power in reading the minds of their associates, since they feel
truth or falsity, affection or aversion, which does not require to be
uttered in their case. Their minds are broad, and they feel, at times,
inclined to pity where others would often punish, but their sympathies
can often be preyed upon, and render them physically and mentally
ill, thus sometimes losing health, youth and vitality, as their physique
is not always robust, especially internally. They seem to have talent
for the dramatic profession, Sarah Bernhardt, Peg Woffington and
Madam Modjeska each having the Sun in this sign. The Libra people
are also fond of home, and close associations, and require sympathy
and understanding, and domestic companionship. They seem apt to
scatter their aflection, but can remain constant to those they really
love. They are fond of the good things of life—or rather, refined
and elegant appurtenances—and are apt to be somewhat extravagant,
and so bring themselves into pecuniary difficulties. This applies more
especially to the women, who are often in trouble about milliners'
bills, etc., trouble which they soon manage to overcome by hook or
by crook, as they do not neglect the " tide in the affairs of men "
which Shakespeare speaks of. They must conquer adverse conditions
or die, and can fight to the end. I speak now more of the mental
side, for this statement does not exactly apply to hard work, since they
are lovers of ease and luxury (or elegance) as a rule and in this way
are not always active enough, which thus often causes ill-health, the
mind wearing away the body.

Another student, apropos of Libra as a rising sign, touches briefly

upon the temperament and facial characteristics.
The Temperament.—The natives of this sign are usually mentally
inclined, and generally endeavour to balance up or compare all things
coming under their observation. They are people with whom it is
usually easy to be on good terms, and if a Venusian subject be touched
upon, such as music, art, literature, or pleasure—according to the
development of the native—they will at once respond to your over-
tures, in a characteristically gracious manner. Libra would appear
to be a sign which it is more favourable for a woman to be born under
than for a man. Certainly Libra women have generally good
features and always an attractive personality, and are affectionate and
refined. The men on the other hand are sometimes effeminate and
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 513

sentimental, too fond of pleasure and the opposite sex, and over-
approbative. In other words, there may be a lack of "grit."
Physical Characteristics.—Hair of fine texture, inclined to be curly
or wavy, often parted in the middle. The eyebrows over the nose
commence higher than usual, or else the native has a way of pursing
them up there. The nose is of the Grecian type, [?] straight and clear
cut. The lips well developed, excellently proportioned, and of the
" Cupid's bow " type. (This last is a most characteristic mark of
Libra, the lips being the Libran portion of the human countenance).
Features regular, and skin delicate and clear. The ears are of
moderate size and graceful outline.
The subject of personal appearance having been touched on here
affords opportunity for another observation upon this head. The
habit of parting the hair in the middle has been noted, which suggests
the characteristic balancing tendency. This is often manifested in the
walk, which is of an up-and-down," tripping" character, the shoulders
oscillating like the pans of a balance, due partly to the body being
raised forward on the toes with each step. This is a peculiarly
characteristic feature of representative natives of Libra as a rising
sign.
The head, when in repose, is almost invariably held a little on one
side. The popular photos of Miss Phyllis Dare and Mrs. Langtry,
both born under Libra—the former certainly and the latter probably,
and at any rate having the Sun in the sign—show this. Some photos
of Mrs. Besant, who has the Sun, Venus and Mercury in Libra, also
show this exclusively Libran pose ; with it goes that meditative
look characteristic of what is generally described as " a brown study."
Another student incidentally contrasts Libra with Taurus,
remarking that:
Libra seems to bring out the Venus nature more completely than
Taurus, giving very attractive personalities, amiable, sympathetic
and refined. Natives of this sign are courteous, and as a rule popular
in society by reason of the happy knack they have of saying the right
word at the right time, and rendering small kindnesses in a graceful
way. They are generally of what is called the artistic temperament,
possessing those qualities that are usually associated with artists,
musicians and poets—the beautiful is a real necessity to them. Being
5I4 MODERN ASTROLOGY
such a sensitive, refined sign the vibrations are more easily disturbed,
so it becomes difficult to describe the people born under its influence,
as they appear to change their ideas, opinions and occupations more
often than other people. They sometimes appear very undecided in
arriving at a conclusion, or else very impulsive in jumping at one.
Among the many things they have a difficulty in weighing up we
must place the struggle between feeling and reason ; Venus is naturally
apt to consider from the standpoint of affection, but this sign being a
mental one they are compelled sometimes to view life by the light of
reason. I have found them enthusiastic and hopeful, but when they
get a fit of depression it is usually a pretty severe one ; for they have
very exalted ideals, and for this reason frequently get very dis-
appointed. They are often quite unfitted for hard work or to grapple
with the purely materialistic plane of life, and from a physical point
of view they appear brilliant failures—not from lack of ability but
from want of grit and energy to pursue one line of action until success
is attained.
This is more noticeable in Libra men than women, though a
word in their defence is only just. For women with medium or small
artistic ability there is often more scope for the exercise of their gifts,
while for a man of this type there is far less of an opening. I have
known several such men who have had great trouble in choosing a
career, and in the end seem to gravitate towards speculation and the
Stock Exchange.
Librans of the higher type have a real belief in the genuineness
of the unseen ; in a mysterious way they seem in touch with the one
great Life, and to draw true inspiration to themselves. I think the
sign produces many occult and metaphysical students.
They have a high appreciation for mental beauty, are great lovers
of poetry and the higher forms of literature, and keenly appreciate a
romantic subject expressed in elegant language. Some Libra people
can be quite happy with their favourite books, and in creating and
living in a world of their own making.
The exaltation of Saturn in this sign has, I think, to be considered
in dealing with some of the qualities it is said to give, namely, justice
and, equilibrium. Justice is held to be a Saturnine attribute, and the
Venus nature being one of intense feeling it becomes necessary for
Saturn to place his influence on the other side of the scales. That his
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 515

nature is softened and improved by his residence in Libra is certain,

though the result is much sorrow for Venus. Justice is a hard lesson
or virtue for all to learn, but hardest of all for the Goddess of Love.
But finally equilibrium is reached through suffering, for this portion of
the Zodiac is the turning point in the Ego's destiny.
Another reason for the exaltation of Saturn here appears to
be this. The artistic faculties in humanity are certainly the
result of the influence of Venus; and it is also quite true that these
divine gifts are never perfected until sorrow has touched thesoul. In
the lives of those who have given to the world the greatest works of
art there has always been the record of intense grief and suffering to
the affections, oftentimes isolation and frequently poverty to contend
with before the Gods inspired the Ego with the ability to be move than
Aumtn and show the world the truly divine combination of Truth and
Beauty; and in this way Saturn gives the finishing lessons to the
artist's education. That Librans experience much suffering and
disappointment to the affections is, 1 am sure, quite true.

This last remark has a certain bearing on an earlier observation

that Saturn is usually to be found markedly to the fore in the
horoscopes of those born under this sign.
From a number of disconnected observations the following may
be selected:
Libra being like Aries related to the cerebro-spinal rather than
the sympathetic nervous system, natives of this sign are formed upon
a mental plan. But their mentality is associated with principles and
ideas (or rather ideals) rather than with intellect as such. Hence we
find Libra typically literary and artistic rather than scientific or mech-
anical in its bent. Indeed, Libra people do not like manual labour,
dislike coarse work of all kinds, and show little energy in grappling
with it when duty compels its performance. But they are good
workers as overseers of others in mechanical employments, though
much here depends on environment, for the constitutionally courteous
and obliging nature of Libra renders it ill-fitted to deal with rough
natures, to whom force and iron discipline alone appeal.
Venus can express itself well through this sign ; but Libra people
do not create, rather do they mentally reproduce—or give a mental
expression to ideals. The perceptive faculty is always strongly
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

developed, and Libra people always possess good powers of com-

parison. This faculty of " judgment " it is, undoubtedly, that endows
them with the gift of arranging and designing harmonious groupings
of things already made—not the creation of a new design so much as
the harmonious combination and rearrangement of what has been
previously originated. The remarkable ability for decorative work of
all kinds displayed by Libra people is an instance of this—notably
in arranging flowers for table decoration. For Libra people are
natural beauty worshippers; beauty of conception, of ideal, however,
appeals to them more than beauty of form per se.
Being able to get en rapport with others well, they make excellent
public speakers, hosts or hostesses. Perhaps the most noticeable
and distinguishing characteristics to be remarked among the most
diverse types of Libra people are their innate refinement and their
invariable instinct of courtesy.

It will be of interest now to turn for a moment to a review of the

different symbols that have been associated with the sign Libra from
time to time. Concerning these one writer says :
In the writings and planispheres of ancient Egypt this sign is
associated with the Balance, a symbol which seems to have originated
in that land, for in the Euphratean Valley totally different symbols
are used. In association with the Balance we find another and deeply
significant figure, that of the Horizon with the Solar Orb resting
upon it. Within the orb is the Divine Child Horus.
Libra, the descendant, was sacred to Hathor (Het-Her) the
Virgin-Mother, one of the many forms of Isis. Her name means
the "House of Horus," suggestive of the mystery of the Divine Birth,
for Horus is born of Hathor-Isis in the inner sanctuary. Further
the place of the setting Sun was the entrance to the unseen world of
Amenti, wherein Horus as the "Child" and later as the "Aged
One" wages war upon the Power of Darkness until the sunrise when
the Man is manifested in Aquarius and the end of all things draws near.
Many years ago, whilst in meditation, there rose before me the
Inner Place of one of the old-world temples. Within the veil I saw an
oblong sarcophagus and resting in it the solar orb, and I understood
that this was the Ark of the Mysteries in which the body of the
Initiate was laid when he descended into Hades.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 517

In the Euphratean Valley Libra was figured under several forms.

First as the Chelas or Claws of the scorpion of darkness holding the
solar orb. Then as the " Lofty Altar," or Shrine, and associated
with this is the Ziggurat temple so famous in Babylonian writings.
And finally as the Lamp or Light, a very beautiful symbol of truths
shadowed in the Nidanas.
In the scheme of the Nidanas, Libra-Vedani indicates perception
or again knowledge as contrasted with the ignorance of Aries-Avidya,
science as against nescience. The evolving soul has now reached the
balance, tasting of the tree of knowledge of good and evil. The action
of the mind upon the senses passes from the lower to the higher
mentality and so may bring with it clear vision, intuition and the
creative power of meditation.
The nidana symbol is that of a man whose eye is pierced by an
arrow.
In the Hebrew alphabet Libra is associated with the letter
Lamed having the primal meaning of a " scholar or trained
disciple," and in the Paths of Wisdom it is the Twenty-second Path,
"The faithful intelligence, because by it spiritual virtues are
increased."
One other point in connection with the sign I would mention,
and that is its association with the number 5.
Among the ancients (Greeks particularly) the number 5 was the
Tongue Vertical of the Balance.

/\<i ' 3 4 5 6 7 8 9> A

The Pythagoreans referred the number to " Light," a point

interesting in connection with the Lamp symbol. Also it is called
" Privation of Strife," " because it unites in friendship the two forms
of number even and odd ; the 2 and 3."
In the Nidana scheme the human cycle really commences in
Gemini (Aries and Taurus being preparatory) and the fifth sign from
this is Libra. Further taking this starting-point, if we add to the
second sign ffi the third sign SI we have in the fifth, Libra, harmony
518 MODERN ASTROLOGY

established by ? between the ]) and O, the respective rulers of

°o and SI.
In connection with this latter remark, concerning the commence-
ment of the Zodiac in the human sense at Gemini, it is to be noted
that there is a certain parallelism between many characteristics of
Sagittarius—which would thus become the seventh sign—and Libra.
Thus in both Librans and Sagittarians we find the shoulders well-
shaped. It may be added that the frequently met with symbol of
Libra =5= resembles nothing so much as the yoke from which a milk-
carrier's pails are suspended ; viewed differently it suggests the Head
and Shoulders, or a helmet, and the name William, the Sagittarius
name f>ar excellence, means " helmet of resolution."
{To be cotichided)

Ancient Monuments and their Significance.—An old and valued

subscriber writes as follows: " Mrs. X. would be very grateful if Mr. Alan
Leo could inform her if it be possible to obtain any book containing
drawings of the various symbols anciently used in Sun-worship. There are
in this neighbourhood [Sixtnilecross, Co. Tyrone], as in many other parts
of Ireland, pillar-stones and chambers covered with beautiinl symbolical
carving—whorls and rays, the cross in the circle, zig-zags like the sign for
water, and many others. Antiquarians come and look at the stones and
wonder who put them there; usually declaring that they were merely graves,
which they certainly were not, and that if no remains have been discovered
it is because ' the Danes had riffod them,1—a most convenient theory. But
they know, or care, nothing about the Old Religion, and are quite blind to
the many clues which even a very slight study of Astrology can give to their
meaning. Mrs. X. has been enabled to make out a considerable amount
already through Mr. Leo's invaluable books, and she would so much like to
go further if possible.
" It was so very delightful and helpful that Mr. Leo should, in Practical
Astrology, have disclosed the true sign for Uranus, forming 'the reversed
sphere' of Mercury and thus completing the scheme of human evolution.
Surely if Mercury may be regarded as the Mirror reflecting the Divine Kays,
Uranus may be symbolised as the Burning-glass to concentrate them, and so
kindle the Solar Fire upon the Altar of the Heart. And must not His Angel
be Uriel, the Flame of God, the touch of whose spear discloses all things ? "
In a later letter the same writer adds:—"If the real sign of Uranus is
as given, must not the true symbol for Neptune be as below,—mind added

W - T W = i
to spirit and emotion—thus changing from the trident, thrust at random into
the astral depths to bring up whatever happens to come, to the anchor on
which one may securely depend ? The ' Anchor which is within the Veil.' "
 .519

(Eottcertung Jluras
As every object in the manifested world is absorbing the rays
of the Sun, Moon, planets and stars, and as nothing received can
remain unchanged and not strive to return toils source by the easiest
route, so the influences of the physical particles of these bodies on
earthly bodies are absorbed by these latter as by a sponge; but in order
to continue receiving a fresh and constant supply, they must, as it were,
be squeezed out again, but the liquid absorbed, to keep the sponge
simile still, will not be exactly the same, if examined, as it was when
flowing into the sponge. It is the same with the stellar influences
on every plane: everything is absorbing abstract or impersonal
essences or influences, but between absorption and expulsion these
are acted upon by the concrete or personal nature, and the influences
in their outgoing become tinctured by the more or less individualised
nature of the recipient. These lines of repelled magnetism, as one
may call it, constitute the Aura. Accordingly every object in this
objective world must necessarily have its aura, but it will consist of
differently constituted vibrations, it may be seen on different planes,
as one may say.
The influences of the luminaries and planets are to be seen as
seven distinct colours, to be heard as seven distinct sounds, to be
measured by a table of seven distinct ratios of vibrations, but when
these touch the object they become sub-divided, and they do not issue
forth pure as they entered. No one at present can see these colours
in their pristine purity, they are in a scale above mortal senses ; but
what are seen are the personal approximations to them, the auric
light reaching out towards its source. No aura is colour only, for
colour, sound, smell, weight, vibration, are all indissolubly inter-
linked, and where one is, the others are also present, and according
to the power of the seer can one or many of these be cognised at
once.
It is because of the purity of the inflowing influences that thty
cannot be cognised, and because of the affinity of the seer with
the mundane outgoing ones that the aura can be perceived. That the
auras of plants and minerals, etc., are not seen is no proof that they
do not exist, it only proves that they are transmuted into such a low
ratio of vibration that the human astral senses cannot perceive them,
just as there exist sounds lower than those heard by the average
ear of mankind. Similarly the ordinary seer on the astral plane
could only get an approximation to the aura of a great saint or Yogi.
The shape of the aura entirely depends on the shape of the
object, it is the field of personal magnetism thrown off by every
object from every particle of itself, but it is more than this, because
every force is only the vehicle of an intelligence, an essence, Spirit.
Therefore it is that Character can be seen in an aura, and Character
is a Force, for Science and Religion cannot be separated, physics and
metaphysics are one.
[Received by automatic uniting through Noinin 8.30 p.m., iy/iz/'oy.]
 520

&be JFoitnitations of ^bgstcal ^.strolagg

By G. E. Sutcliffe, Member of the Leeds Astronomical Society

IV. PRACTICAL ASTROLOGY: The Exact Measurement

of Planetarv Influences
And the city lieth foursquare . . On the East three gates, on the North
three gates, on the South three gates, and on the West three gates. And the wall
of the city had tmelve foundations. . . , And he that tidked with me had a
golden reed to measure the city, and the gate thereof, and the wall thereof
. . . And he measured the aall thereof . . . according to the measure of
a man, and the city was . . . Uhe unto clear glass. the length, the
breadth, and the height of it are equal.—Rev. xxi. 13-18,

Part XIV.—Exact Values of all the Solar Aspects to the

Superior Planets
SOLAR ASPECTS TO NEPTUNE
Mean Acceleration 6"-532 Log. - 1-1850
2 3 4 5 6
Geoc. 7 with
Date © Geoc. Aspect A ccelcration Val. M. = 1 R. or S.
0
p'y 5th, 1907 0 d © 00 O'OO Rising
Aug. qlh 3° V © - 37 + 0 57
„ 23rd 45 7 © 5'3 o-8i
Sett. yth 60 41 * © 6-5 1 00
20 Ih 72 © 7'3 112
Oct. gth go <V □ © 8-i 1-24
,, igth 100 tP St. D, R, 8-i 1-24
Nov. 8th 120 V A © 7'5 115
,, 22nd 135 W 0 © 63 ogG •1
Dec. 1st '44 1> Bq. © 52 o-8o
H qth 150 V A © 43 0C6 »•
17th 160 V T © 29 044 ">1
,, 26th 170 7 © - 17 + 0 26
Jan. 5th. 180 V £ © 00 O'OO
00
VOO

14th 170 © 7 ip + I? - 0 26
24M 160 © T "P 33 0-51 •>
Feb. 2nd 150 O A tP 46 070
8th M4 © liq. It 53 0 81
,, 17th 135 © 0 V 6-3 0 96
Mar. 3rd »♦ 120 © < V 7'5 1.15
23rd 100 U' St. K. D. 81 1-24
Apr. 2nd 90 © a *P 82 1-26
„ 20th 72 © ? <P 74 113
May 3rd 60 © * <P 65 I'OO
igth 45 © 7 •P 5 "9 ego
June 4I/1 3° © V 1' 3'5 - o"54
7th *1 0 1) d © 0.0 O'OO
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 521

SOLAR ASPECTS TO URANUS

Mean Acceleration 8"-3o8 Log. 5tj08 — 1-0805
I 2 3 4 5 6
Geoc. L with
Date O Geoc. Aspect Acceleration Val. M = I R. or S.
0
Dec. 31st, 1906 0 'i" d O 00 0 00 Rising
Jan. 3151, 1907 3° •Jl v O - 57 + 0-69
Feb. 15"' 45 'il O 80 0-96
Mar. 3rd 60 * * O TOO I-21
15"' 72 >11 ? O ii"3 t 36
Apr. 3rd 90 □ O 12-2 1'47 11
,, 18/A 105 ill St. D. R. 12-3 1 48
May 4 th 120 V A O 11
'3 I-3G
l glh 135 H' G O 9-3 112
281/1 144 H' Lq. O 7-9 o-95 M
June 3rd 150 Hf A O 6-9 0-83
13th 160 H< T O 47 o-57
■2.3rd 170 Hi 7 O - 3"5 + 0-42
July M' „ 1 180 ¥ O 00 000 ,,
13U1 170 O 7 H" + 24 — 029 Setting
241/1 160 O T 4'9 0'59
Aug. 2nd 150 O A Hi 66 0-79
81 h ., 144 O Bq. Hi 7'9 0-95
28th 135 O G V 95 114 ,,
Sept. 2nd 120 O V Hi 11-3 136
1* igth 104 ill St. R D. 122 1-47
Oct. 3r't .. 90 O □ HI 12-3 1-48 M
21st 72 O ? Hi 11*2 1 "35
Nov. 2iid 60 O * ¥ I0'2 1-23
i8lh 45 O / Hi 8-o 0-96
Dec. 4//1 3° O V Hi + 5'4 - 0-65
Jan. 4tli, 1908 0 Hi d O 00 000

(185) To examine1 all the aspects of all the planets separately

would be very tedious, and this we shall find is not necessary, for
the principles which govern the values of the aspects are the same for
all; as will at once be seen from the following tables. These give
the values of the aspects for Neptune, Uranus, Saturn, Jupiter, and
Mars, or the extra-terrestrial or " superior" planets ; Venus and
Mercury being dealt with separately. We have given all the aspects
referred to \n Astrology for All, Part I. (p. 62) except the aspect of
36° denoted by s —0; and have found it necessary to invent two
other aspects in order to fully represent the changing values. These
additional aspects are 160° and 170°, which we have denoted respec-
tively by T and 7. Since 160° is 20° less than 180° this T is the
522 MODERN ASTROLOGY

SOLAR ASPECTS TO SATURN

Mean Acceleration i3"'34 Loo. = 2-8142
2 3 4 5 6
CeOc. L with
Date G Ceoc. Aspect Acceleration Vol. M. ^ 1 R. or S
0
Mar. gth, 1907 0 •? 4 O 00 00 Rising
Apr. 12th 30 '/ V O - 89 + 0-58
.. sow .i 45 k L O I3-3 0-87
May 17th 60 '! * O 17 0 1-15 „
.. 30M „ 72 •? ? O 19-8 1-29
June iglh ,, 90 h 0 O 230 1-50 a
July gth log h St. D. R. 23-5 i-53
„ 2l5t 120 h A O 23-3 1-51
1
Aug. $th 135 h 0 O 20-6 '34
u 13"' 144 b Bq. O 17 G 115 *»
,, 20lk 150 h 7s O 15-1 098
30/A 160 h T O io'8 0-70
170 b 7 O
1

- 5'i + 0'33
OO

„ 18 til 180 b 3 O 00 000

27M 170 Q 7 b + 53 - 0-33 Setting
Oct. yth 160 0 T b ii'3 0-74
„ 16M 150 0 7\ h 16 3 1 06
„ 221ld ,, 144 0 Bq. b 18-6 1*21
., 30th 135 O 0 b 21-6 1*41
Nov. 14th 120 O V b 247 1C1
1. 24/// ,, I JO b St. R. D 23-6 I 67
Dec. 14 lit 90 O O b 248 1-62
Jan. is/, 1908 72 O b 21-9 i'43
• ■ 14//' 60 O * b i8-r ri8
„ 30/A 45 O e b 140 0 91 11
Feb. 16/A 30 O b + 92 — o'Co
Mar. 21s/ 0 'z 6 O 00 00

initial letter of twenty; whilst 7 may be taken as the middle figure of

170. It is the sign of 450 (Z) inverted.
(186) In the above tables column 4 called the acceleration is
obtained in the same way as column 4 of the tables of Jupiter § (174).
The figures in coltmins 1 and 3 of that table are omitted in order to
save space. The first column gives the dates on which the aspects in
column 3 occur and the geocentric longitudes as given in the
Connaissance des Temps for 1907 and 1908 are used throughout, since
this is the only work .which gives these longitudes with sufficient
accurracy for our purpose. Column 5 gives the value in terms of the
mean value of the planet, it is obtained by dividing the figures in
column 4 by the mean acceleration, or what is the same thing
 THE FOUNDATIONS OF PHYSICAL ASTROLOGY 523

SOLAR ASPECTS TO JUPITER

Mean Acceleration 25",364 Log. = 2"5g48

2 3 4 5 6
Geoc. t with
Date 9 Geoc. Aspect Acceleration Val. M. = I R. or S.
0
J"iy 15/A. 1907 0 V d G 00 O'O Rising
Aug. 251I1 30 V y. G - 120 - 0 44 1»
S;pt 14II1 45 V 1 G 194 076
Oct. 2/1(1 „ 60 V * 3 264 I 04 M
I7M 72 U ? O 32'4 1-27
Nov. Csth 90 V □ G 41-5 163
y» 3olh 114 n St. D. R. 48-7 1-92
Dec. 6!h „ 120 7/ A G 47-6 187
inl.'i 135 y c G 43 6 1-71
1
( f 28//1 144 V- Bq. G 39'° '54
hiu. jnt, 1908 150 V V G 338 1-33 »»
12//1 160 V T G 221 087
11st ,, 170 V 7 e - 12*1 + O'48 M
M 2g//i 180 V s O 00 000
Feb. -jth 170 G 7 V + 140 ■' - '55
0 Setting
iCIh 160 G T « 238 094
2 jth 150 G V V 34 0 1-34
Mar. 1st „ 144 G Bq. 377 i"48
9/4 135 G C n 42-5 i'6y
24/A 120 G V V 45 9 i-8i
,, 31s' "3 y St. R. D. 460 i'8i
Apr. 24//; 90 G Q n 394 i"55
May 24th 72 G ? V 30-1 118
,, 30//1 Oo G « V 250 0-98
June 19.'A 45 G / y I7'5 069
Ji'/y glh 30 O V y + io'8 - 0 42
Aug. 18/A 0 y d o 00 00

multiplying them by the reciprocal of this mean acceleration. The

mean acceleration for each body, and the logarithm of its reciprocal,
is given at the top of each table. It will be observed that the mean
value has always the opposite sign to the acceleration. This mean value
therefore gives the sign of the current induced on the earth's surface,
whilst the acceleration column gives the sign of the inducing current.
In the 6th column it is shown whether the current is acting in the
rising or setting sign. Column 2 gives the angle between the planet
and the Sun in degrees as seen from the earth ; that is, in other words,
the ordinary geocentric " aspect."
524 MODERN ASTROLOGY

SOLAR ASPECTS TO MARS

Mean Acceleration 39"'24 Log = 2-4063
1 2 3 4 5 6
Geoc. l with
Date G Geoc. Aspect Acceleration Vat. M. = 1 li. or S.
0
Aug. 2 is/, 1908 0 <r 3 Q 00 00
Nov. 18/h 3° S V Q + 37 - 0 094 Setting
Dec. 28M ,. 43 S 4 Q + 2-7 - 0.069
,, 301/1. 1906 60 <f * Q 6-6 + 017 Rising
Jan. 30(A, 1907 72 <r ? Q 11-8 030
Mar. 9"' 90 s □ Q 28-1 0-72
May 6th 120 i A Q 109-2 278
,, 23th 135 s Q Q I53-5 393 f•
June 5th 144 <r Bq. Q 181-7 463
5th M5 St. D. R. 181-7 4-63
nt/i 150 <r A Q 181 2 4-61
191/1 160 s T Q 157 2 400
28//1 „ 170 i 7 Q - 95'7 244
J'"y 6th 180 3 S G I3-3 + o-34 Rising
Htll 170 0 7 3 -P 79'1 - 2*02 Setting
22nd 160 0 T 3 I47-4 375
>t 3"' 150 G A 3 186 0 474
Aug. 6ih ,, 144 Q Bq. 3 2010 513
m 142 3 St. R. D. 202-8 518
16th 135 Q Q 3 1951 497 n
Sept. 5/4 120 Q V 3 I4I-3 3-59
Nov. 12th 90 Q □ 3 253 064 ,,
Jan. yth, 1908 72 Q s 3 + 07 — 0-018 Setting
Feb. 12/4 60 Q * 3 58 + 015 Rising
Mar. 45 Q 4 3 64 016
May i8/4 3° Q V 3 54 + 014 M
Aug. 215/ 0 3 3 Q 00 00

[The next instalment of this Series will be "Example of the Application

of the Planetary Tables to Practical Astrology by means of the Ordinary
Ephemcris."]

The Planet " Vulcan."—Allusion having been made on p. 3S2 of our

August issue to Lescarbaulls' observation of the above on March 26th, 1859,
Mr. G. E. Sutcliffe writes to say that the date January 26th, 1859, oa P- 14
of his Two Undiscovered Planets, is a misprint, and that the correct date,
Marc 1 25th, 1859, will be found in the list given under the diagram of the
planetary orbits facing p. iv. We are grateful forthe correction, which we
trust students will duly note.
 525

" ®fioustrt Mabea "

Items Gleaned from All Sources by Subscribers Everywhere

TheCuitanis' Fund.—Mr. V. K. Pradhau wishes us to acknowledge,
with his grateful thanks, the sum of £i received from a sympathiser in Eagle
Gorge, Washington, U.S.A. Particulars of the fund will be found on p. 258
of our June issue, and all conlributions should be sent direct to the address
there given and not to our office, as we cannot undertake to forward them.
Medical readers will be interested to know that Dr. Louise Appel
(whose horoscope was given in the August issue of Modern Astrology)
is organising a Medical League for the Abolition of Vivisection, Vaccina-
tion and Inoculation, in connection with the Theosophical Society's Order
of Service.
This Medical League consists of medically qualified persons who are
opposed to the practice of Vivisection, Vaccination and Inoculation. It
enrols all medically qualified persons, in whatever country, who sign the
Declaration, and is supported entirely by voluntary contributions from
members and friends. The Member's Declaration is as follows; (Non-
theosophists who sign the declaration are admitted as Associates) :—
1 hereby declare that I am an opponent of Vivisection, Vaccination and
Inoculation, and that I do not make use of these practices in my treatment
and prevention of disease.
Name in full: . . . Medical Qualifications: ■ . University or
College: . . . Address: .... This Declaration should be returned,
when signed, to Dr. Louise Appel, 106, New Bond Street, London, England
to whom contributions towards the expenses of the League may also be
sent. " Union is Strength."
"Truth" on Astrology once more (see Modern Astrology, p. 239,
May, p. 246, June):—" A correspondent calls my attention to the recent large
increase in astrologers' advertisements in the daily, and more especially the
weekly, newspapers and magazines, and asks whether I can recommend any
one of three of these advertisers whom he names. I cannot. In the eyes
of the law they are rogues and vagabonds. According to Stone's Justices'
Manual, it has been decided that offering by advertisement in newspapers
to cast nativities and answer astrological questions, and pretending by
circular letter, in return for remuneration, to give a description of a person,
liability to disease, occupation most suitable, marriage, etc., is ample evi-
dence for a conviction. Under these circumstances, the increase in these
advertisements could very easily be checked by a little enterprise on the
part of the police."—Truth, zs/S/'og,
Bessie Leo's Writings Appreciated.—"Maffra" writes;—"A friend
of mine has recently become interested in Astrology, so I sent him a copy
of Mrs. Leo's book Planetary Influences, and this is what he writes:
"'May I say, and will you convey,if possible, these remarks to the writer,
how much I have been helped by the perusal of Planetary Influences. It has
done me more good than a score of sermons. There is much in it that to
me, at present, appears fanciful, although possibly fuller and deeper study
may prove it to be the most profound truth; but the general tenour of the
book strikes an answering chord in my own nature.'
"May I venture to suggest to others that they should utilise this
publication as a little gift-book—it only costs a shilling—at Christmas time
or for a birthday present, to friends who are not altogether antagonistic to-
the subject. I think it would prove of great help."
 Hebii'lu

[The space available being exceedingly limited a long time has often to
elapse before Reviews can appear and we vmst ask authors and publishers to
forgive this unavcidable delay ; they are reminded that books not dealing with
Astrolo°v or allied subjects but with psychism, etc., are rather outside our sphere,
and that we cannot, consequently, always undertake to review them.—Ed.]

Orpheus ; (The Art-Movement of the Theosophical Society).

Published quarterly. Price is.; annual subscription 4s. 6d., post free.
No. 7, fnne, 1909. [London: J. M. Watkins, 21, Cecil Court, Charing
Cross Road, W.C.)
It is beyond question that the Theosophical Society, as a body,
has hitherto catered rather for the needs of the intellectual and
spiritual nature of man, than the sesthetic. Religion has been quite
■revivified by the Theosophical movement, and Science has been
treated with deference if not with homage; but Art has been left
severely alone. The infiltration into Art of the higher ideals
proclaimed with such a clarion note in the fields of intellectual
and philosophical research by Theosophy, has for the most part been
due to the efforts of toilers outside the ranks of the Theosophical
Society.
Whythis should be may perhaps remain a matter for discussion,
but the fact will not be disputed. Perhaps Art is a plant of so
tender a growth that old Gardener Time shields its bed first with
hardy shrubs, before He drops into the fallow soil its precious seeds.
Perhaps these seeds are of a slower growth, and need a season below
the surface before the young green shoots appear. Perhaps the
shoots have been there all along, and counted but as weeds! At any
rate, the time would now appear to have arrived when the old
■Gardener has directed his steps towards this long-neglected bed ; and
the handsome magazine before us is evidence that the seedling at
length can sport a lusty leaf.
The Art-Movement in the Theosophical Society has been
fostered by many of those who perceive how deep-reaching an influ-
ence is that of Art; how practically true is the familiar aphorism,
•" Let me but make the songs of a nation, and who will may make its
laws " ; and how little any movement can have really stirred the pulse
.of the world until we see its influence reflected in our art and in our
literature, forerunner of the time when it shall have stamped itself
upon our architecture and perpetuated itself in our ideals. Mrs. Besant
in her recent lectures has expressed herself strongly on the need, the
necessity, for beauty in the surroundings of the Coming Race; and the
present time is therefore opportune, it would seem, for the more
 REVIEW

extended development of this important Movement. All people who

have studied mankind know that the songs of the nursery have done
more for humanity than the lessons of the schoolroom, and that in
the long-run a picture is a more iconoclastic weapon than a battleship.
Those, therefore, who are keen to assist—who value the privilege of
being able to assist, in any way, the spread of those spiritual realities
honoured by so many under the name of Theosophy, will seize upon
the opportunity here afforded of extending the sphere of Theosophical
Art-activity.
The aims of the Art-Movement are thus slated : " We are a
group of artists who revolt against the materialism of most contem-
porary art. We are adherents of that ancient philosophic idealism
which is known to our time as Theosophy, and we believe that' by the
breath of that wisdom the arts might be kindled into a new and radiant
life. We wish to approach with an equal sympathy the methods of
East and West; to combat the conception that beauty of theme is
inessential to art; to find expression for the noblest moods of the
modern soul, and thus in a restless and complicated age to create an
atmosphere in which the spiritual self may breathe, delight, and grow
strong.
" Anyone who is in sympathy with our aims, whether a member
of the Theosophical Society or not, is eligible for membership of its
art-movement. Particulars can be obtained from the Hon. Secretary,
Mr. Herbert Sidley, Strathleven, Oakleigh Park, London, N."
Orpheus, we are told, was the Bodhisattva or as we should say
the Leader of the Fourth Sub-race, the Keltic; and Orpheus is
therefore fitly named, being strongly tinctured with the charac-
teristic flavour of Keltic romanticism (a barbarous word I use
for want of a better ; some may term it mysticism). All those who
recognise the charm of this element in poetry, prose or painting will
assuredly welcome this publication ; but others, whose tastes do not
lie so markedly in this direction, may reasonably be urged to support
this enterprise on the ground of its general tendency and the need for
encouragement,—generous encouragement,—at this early stage. We
are told that the magazine is at present being produced at a loss.
The old Gardener would remind us that young plants require special
treatment,—rich soil, frequent watering, and abundant sunshine, as
well as shelter. Let us then see to it that this latest Theosophical
seedling does not prove us idle, unintelligent under-gardeners 1
The particular issue, number seven, which has provoked these
reflections contains a picture, Paolo and Francesca, by Edgar W.
Davies; two poems by Edouard Schur6, in French ; two in English
by Clifford Bax (the Editor); an article on " Art and Yoga in India,"
by N. K. Coomaraswamy, and sundry other contributions of value.
The aim of the magazine is idealist, its style is tasteful and matter
good, printing excellent and cover-design impressive. One cannot
but wish it well; yet this wish should become father to an acliou, for
it to be effective. We must buy it.
H. R.
 %etter to tlje (Editor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (i) that all communications
should be written upon ONE side of the paper only; fai that planetary positions, as
will as birth data, should always be given where possiole: and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

Names from Nowhere

Dear Sir,
I am greatly interested in the breezy short articles by your
contributor " F. Z. L.," for they seem to me to show remarkable
insight into the nature of the signs and their manifestation in every-
day life. I think it is likely that by studying Astrology in the ways
suggested in " News from Nowhere " we may obtain much valuable
information of a kind that will scarcely be found in books.
I should like to ask " F. Z. L." whether he can say something on
the subject of Names considered from an astrological point of view.
Names, it seems to me (both Christian and Surnames), might afford a
valuable clue to a person's rising sign, etc. ; for a man's name is that
which distinguishes him from his fellows.
Two names have recently come under my own notice which may
perhaps furnish your contributor with a subject for discourse. The
first is that of a leading surgeon in an Orthopaedic Hospital—Mr.
Laming Evans. The other is the name of a priest-author of the
Roman Catholic Church—the Rev. J. Blackswhite !
Perhaps other of your readers can give similar instances.
London, N.W. Yours truly,
S/g/'og. C. de la T.

\A manbev of interesting letters unavoidably held over.']

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iWotiern

Vol. VI. DECEMBER, 1909. No. 12.

New Series.

(Biiifor's ©bserbator^
With this number another volume closes, and a return is made
to the usual custom of ending with the December issue, instead of
issuing it as the Astrologer's Annual as in former
"Nothing years.
Snooeeds like %, .
Success" Modern Astrologv has now been in con-
tinuous existence for nineteen years, with every
prospect of its continuance for nineteen more! a unique record for
a critical age, in which the concrete mind is still supreme.
Its vitality has silenced the critics, outlived the rivals, vanquished
the enemies and made the friends more numerous. Nineteen years
ago Astrology was ridiculed, misunderstood, and associated only with
fortune-telling or humbug.
To-day it is approached with respect, studied more openly, and
is gradually being dissociated in the public mind from fortune-telling
and chicanery.
To have cast the bread of astrological knowledge upon the
turbulent waters of the nineteenth century, and to find it returning
after many days, is an accomplishment for which I may take credit,
with justifiable pride.
* #
The casting of this astrological Bread of Life was accelerated by
hope and the enthusiasm of youth without the fear and reluctance
that come with mature age, and it was not until
"Cast thy bread the gravity of such an undertaking had dawned
upon the waters,
and thou shalt upon an expanding consciousness that I was
many'days" forced to admit that fools rush in where angels
fear to tread. That admission, however, came
530 MODERN ASTROLOGY
fortunately from within, and with it came the determination to make
myself, as Editor, the instrument through which the truth about
Astrology might happily flow.
In consequence I ceased to write about subjects upon which I
bad no actual flrst-band knowledge, and for a time the sails of our
astrological bark were not set in any particular direction, appearing
to float without any apparent destination upon the great ocean of
Astrology, that ocean whose depths have never yet been sounded
and whose shores have never yet been reached !
***
I have often questioned my motives in connection with what
has now become a great work, and each questioning tiine has
brought the satisfactory knowledge that in what-
Fundamamtal ever direction I may have lived selfishly, none
Truths . .
could support the accusation, if made, that it was
in the direction of—Astrology.
It is a truism that you possess all that you hold lightly, and the
test of merit where possessions are concerned lies in the readiness to
give that which you possess.
Why has every astrological contemporary published since the
advent of this magazine failed ?
The answer is simple. Because not one of them was profitable
from a financial point of view, and each was therefore withdrawn
after a short if promising career.
For Astrology I have ever been ready to give labour, time and
money, and for this magazine I have freely given my best and truest
devotion; hence its life, its vitality, and the general appreciation it
has met with. So much for the past, briefly and plainly. What of
the future ?
I have in the next issue an important and—to many—a surprising
announcement to make, and the result of the event therein stated
will have a very appreciable effect upon the future of this magazine
and upon the history of Modern Astrology.
To those who read it, one and all, I ask allegiance to the funda-
mental truths underlying all our interest, study and belief in Astrology,
and they may be briefly stated as follows; —
The laws that govern all things animate and inanimate upon the earth.
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY 531
The postulate that a Supreme Intelligence is the framer and author of
those laws.
The belief that each planet is the vehicle of a wise Intelligence whose
consciousness embraces all the animated life over which it rules.
The conviction that out of unity comes diversity, and that this diversity
makes for unity again.
And, finally, that though limited by the conditions of our individual
horoscopes, for spiritual unfoldment, we may by correct knowledge utilise
those limitations for a quicker and more harmonious growth.
❖ *❖
Despite the lingering remnants of bigotry and bias the tone of the
intellectual world towards all things metaphysical is slowly changing,
and especially is it changing toward the science
" Fortune-Tell- we know under the name of Astrology,
ing" NOT ... • /
Astrology Articles now appearing m the press, in
magazines and in periodicals, etc., are more
tolerant than formerly, and there is an inclination on all sides to treat
the belief in Astrology with more respect than was the case towards
the close of the past century. Moreover, the tendency now is to
dissociate Astrology from other forms of divination generally classified
as " fortune-telling."
In America many new laws have been, and are still being framed
against " fortune-telling," including palmistry and other methods of
divining the future, noticeably with the word Astrology omitted.
Quite recently the Transvaal government introduced a Bill setting
forth
That whoever shall, " for purposes of gain, practise clairvoyancy,
fortune-telling, or palmistry, or advertise or caused to be advertised or
published any advertisement, uotice, or document holding out expressly or
by implication that he or any other person is willing to tell fortunes or
practise clairvoyancy or palmistry, shall be liable on conviction to a fine not
exceeding seventy-five pounds or, in default of payment, to imprisonment
for a period not exceeding six months, or to both such fine and imprisonment."
It is high time that a change of some kind should come over the
intellectual world. The refined scholastic intellects of the majority
of worldly-trained men are little better than " mental typewriters,"
and it is doubtful if the mind-stnfF in their possession can, in any
conceivable sense of the word, be considered their own.
* *
In the majority of cases the scholar, since his youth upward,
532 MODERN ASTROLOGY
has been confined to a narrow groove, his education limited to book
learning, and the cramming of his brain with
'^bsence teaching that he learns by rote—which being
interpreted is, " the frequent repetition of words
or sounds without attention to their significance, or to principles or
rules ; a mere effort of memory, a parrot-like repetition."
If we look deeper into this question, it is probable we should find
that it is not so much the pupils who are to blame as those who have
founded a materialistic system of education, and forced the intellects
of those whose brains were not subtle enough to admit of independent
thinking.
There is a law known to astrologers as the Law of Reaction;
even scholars have heard of this law, although they do not connect it
with Astrology. Natural law ordains that man's progress shall be of
slow growth, with times and seasons for all things. A boy's education
is just as much subject to the laws of Nature as the growth of
vegetation ; force the growth, and you sacrifice the stamina and
quality; continue to do this, and you exhaust the fruitfulness of the
land or the spontaneity of the lad.

That the attitude of mind of scientists, at least, is changing is

clearly shown by the following cutting from the Daily Telegraph of
September 28th. What is it but a step from this
Planetary In- admission, to the regular study of planetary
fluenoe aooepted .
by a well-known influence not only on the physical plane, but upon
Scientist the moral and spiritual planes also ?
Forecasting Earthquakes; Remarkable Prediction.—Mr. Frank A.
Perrett, the well-known American volcanologist, who was for several years
assistant to Professor Matteucci at the Observatory on Vesuvius, and
witnessed and studied the great eruption of April, 1906, has come here
[Messina], as be considers it probable from scientific deductions that this
part of Sicily may again be the centre of seismic disturbances during the
next few days. Mr. Perrett, speaking on the subject, said :
"To-morrow, the 29th [of September], is a date very favourable for
earthquakes or eruptions. At that time the sun, the earth, and the moon
are in line with each other, and the moon is also at its nearest approach to
the earth. This combination occurs quite frequently, and tends to produce
a gravitational distortion of the earth's form—that is, it tends to change it
from a sphere to an ellipse, and this extra strain very often acts upon any
weak spots in the earth's crust, causing them to give way, and thus produce
an earthquake or volcanic eruption.
" But it so happens that to-morrow, Sept. 29, the planet Mars is also
 THE EDITOR'S OBSERVATORY 533
very near to the earth, and also is almost directly in line with the earth, sun,
and moon, and the planet Saturn is not far from the same line. Jupiter,
although far away on the other side of the sun, is also in line. It is true
that the effect of these planets is very much less than that of the sun and
moon,* but when their effect is added to the other, the strain will be greater
than usual, and I consider to-day, to-morrow, and the 30th very dangerous.
It may happen that nothing very special will occur, but this will simply
mean that the earth resisted; the danger will, nevertheless, have existed."
Renter.
*t * *
Here again is another instance :—
Earth-storm and the Floods.—Sir Oliver Lodge, Principal of Bir-
mingbam University, was yesterday asked whether he
Planetary In- was 0f 0pini0n that there was any connection between
by ano^het^weH fi00^5 in South Wales and the recent magnetic
bnown Soientist Sir Oliver replied : " The electrons and other small
particles shot out from the sun which enter the earth's atmosphere, though
a very small fraction of the whole beam of emission, are enormous in number
—myriads of myriads—and they are very powerful condensers of moisture.
Consequently, they not only produce overcast skies, but are liable greatly to
increase the rainfall. The actual local rainfall in any particular place is
affected by so many conditions that 1 should not like to attribute it to any
particular cosmic cause. It may be that the recent floods are only a part of
recognised equinoctial disturbances; but, at the same time, realising the
great number of nuclei that arrived as evidenced by the electric and magnetic
disturbances, I do not feel surprised at bearing of the floods."
The line, of argument pursued here is almost identical with that
taken by Mr. Sutcliffe in the remarkable series of articles on the
Physical Foundations of Astrology, which have now been running for
over two years in this magazine. And it is to be remembered that
Sir Oliver Lodge is one of the foremost investigators of electrical
phenomena, as well as one of the leading speculative thinkers of our
times. The day is surely not far distant when progressive scientists
will embark upon the study of Astrology in their search for the
ultimate nature of physical phenomena. Even as they have already
been forced to acknowledge ether as the basis of matter, so will they
in time be compelled to recognise planetary influence as the basis of
phenomena.

This month's instalment of "The Physical Foundations of Astrology"

is held over owing to want of space.

* Not, perhaps, so very much less. In comment upon this remark see the table
of true masses given on p. 40 of this volume, and the accompanying explanation
in previous and succeeding pages.—Ed. M.A.
 534

tHRtjat is tijt ®ljfiosopljical ^ociet^?

[The teachings of Theosophy are so inseparably bound up with the

ideas which are put forward in Modern Astrology that apology is
scarcely needed for reprinting this article upon the Theosophicaf Society,
by one of its leaders.—Ed.]

It would appear that some of its members have not yet quite
comprehended the position of this Theosophical Society to which they
belong. It is not a Society which is formed merely for the promotion
of learning in some special branch, like the Royal Asiatic or the
Royal Geographical Societies ; still less is it a Church, which exists
only to spread some particular form of doctrine. It has a place in
modern life which is all its own, for its origin is unlike that of any
other body at present existing. To understand this origin we must
glance for a moment at the hidden side of the history of the world.
All students of occultism are aware that the evolution of the
world is not being left to run its course haphazard, but that its direc-
tion and administration is in the hands of a great Hierarchy of
Adepts, sometimes called the White Brotherhood. To that Brother-
hood belong Those whom we name the Masters, because They are
willing under certain conditions to accept as pupils those who prove
themselves worthy of the honour. But not all Adepts are Masters ;
not all will take such pupils; many of Them, though equal in occult
rank, have the whole of Their time occupied in quite other ways,
though always for the helping of evolution.
For the better surveillance and management of the field of action,
They have mapped out the world into districts, much as the Church
divides its territory into parishes (though these are parishes of con-
tinental size) and an Adept presides over each of these districts just
as a priest does over his parish. But sometimes the Church makes a
special effort, not connected specially with any one of its parishes,
but intended for the good of all; it sends forth what is called a 1 home
mission,' with the object of stirring up faith and arousing enthusiasm
ail over the country, the benefits obtained being in no way a matter of
 WHAT IS THE THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY ? 535
personal gain to the missioners, but going to increase the efficiency
of the ordinary parishes.
In a certain way the Theosophical Society corresponds to such a
mission, the ordinary religious divisions of the world being the
parishes ; for this Society comes forth among them all, not seeking to
take away from any one of them those people who are following it,
but striving to make them understand it and live it better than they
ever did before, and in many cases giving back to them on a higher
and more intelligent level the faith in it which they had previously all
but lost. Yes, and other men too, who had nominally no religion—who,
though at heart of the religious type, have yet been unable to accept
the crudities of orthodox teaching—have found in Theosophy a
presentation of the truth to which because of its inherent reasonable-
ness and wide tolerance they are able heartily to subscribe. We have
among our members Hindus, Buddhists, Jains, Parsis, Jews, Muham-
madans and Christians, and no one of them all has ever heard or read
from any of the officials of our Society a word against the religion to
which he belongs ; indeed, in many cases the work of the Society has
produced a distinct revival of religious interest in places where it has
been established.
Why this should be so is readily comprehensible when we
remember that it is from this same great Brotherhood that all the
religions of the world have their origin. In this ttue though hidden
government of the world there is a Department of Religious Instruc-
tion, and the Head of that department has founded all the different
religions either personally or through some pupil, suiting the teaching
given in each case to the people for whom it was destined, and to
the period in the world'shistory which had then been reached. They
are simply different presentations of the same teaching, as may at once
be seen by comparing them. The external forms vary considerably,
but the broad essentials are always the same. By all the same
virtues are commended; by all the same vices are condemned ; so
that the daily life of a good Buddhist or a good Hindu is practically
identical with that of a good Christian or a good Muhammadan.
They do the same things, but they call them by different names ; one
spends much time in prayer, and the other in meditation, but really
their exercises are the same, and they all agree that the good man
must be just, kindly, generous and true.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
It is said that some hundreds of years ago the leading officials of
the Brotherhood decided that once in every hundred years, in what
to us is the last quarter of each century, a special effort should be
made to help the world in some way. Some of these attempts can
be readily discerned—such, for example, as the movement initiated
by Christian Rosenkreutz in the fourteenth century, simultaneously
with the great reforms in Northern Buddhism introduced by Tsong-
kha-pa; the remarkable renaissance of classical learning and the
introduction of printing into Europe, in the fifteenth: the work of
Akbar in India in the sixteenth, at the same time with the publication
of many works in England and elsewhere by Lord Bacon and the
splendid development of the Elizabethan age ; the founding of the
Royal Society, and the scientific work of Robert Boyle and others
after the Restoration in the seventeenth; the activities in the
eighteenth (the secret history of which on higher planes is known to
but few) which escaped from control and degenerated into the French
Revolution; and now in the nineteenth the foundation of the
Theosophical Society.
This Society is one of the great world-movements, destined to
produce effects far greater than any that we have yet seen. The
history of its work so far is but a prologue to that which is to come,
and its importance is out of all proportion to what it has hitherto
appeared to be. It has this difference from ail movements that have
preceded it, that it is the first definite step towards the founding of a
new root-race. Many of our students are aware that the Master M.,
the great Adept to whom both of our founders owe special allegiance,
has been selected to be the Manu of that race, and that his insepar-
able friend the Master K. H. is to be in charge of its religious
teaching.
It is evident that in the work which these two Great Ones will
have to do They will need an army of devoted subordinates who must
above all things he loyal, obedient and painstaking. They may
possess other qualities also, but these at least they must have.
There will be scope for the keenest intelligence, the greatest ingenuity
and ability in every direction ; but all these will be useless without
the capacity of instant obedience and utter trust in the Master. Self-
conceit is an absolute bar to progress in this direction. The man who
can never obey an order because he always thinks he knows better
 WHAT IS THE THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETV ? 537
than the authorities, the man who cannot sink his personality entirely
in the work which is given him to do, and co-operate harmoniously
with his fellow-workers—such a man has no place in the army of the
Manu. Those who join it will have to incarnate over and over again
in rapid succession in the new race, trying each time to bring their
various bodies nearer and nearer to the model set before them by the
Manu—a very laborious and trying piece of work, but one that is
absolutely necessary for the establishment of the new type of
humanity which is required for the race. The opportunity of
volunteering for this work is now open to us.
Besides its primary object of spreading occult truth throughout
the world, the Theosophical Society has also this secondary object—
that it may act as a kind of net to draw together out of all the world
the people who are sufficiently interested in occultism to be willing to
work for it. Out of that number a certain proportion will be found
who desire to press on further, to learn all that the Society has to
teach, and to make real progress. Probably not all of those will
succeed, but some certainly will, as some have done in the past; and
from those who thus obtain a footing the Adepts Themselves
may select those whom They consider worthy of the great privilege
of working under Them in the future. Such selection cannot ol course
be guaranteed to anyone who passes even into the innermost groups
of the Society, since the choice is absolutely in the hands of the
Masters ; we can say only that such selections have been made in the
past, and that we know that many more volunteers are required.
Many have joined the Society without knowing anything of the
inner opportunities which it offers, or the close relation with the
great Masters of Wisdom into which it may bring its members.
Many have come into it almost carelessly, with but little thought or
comprehension of the importance of the step which they have taken ;
and there have been those who have left it equally carelessly, just
because they have not fully understood.
Even those have gained something, though far less than they
might have gained if they had had greater intelligence. The Countess
Wachtmeister tells how once when some casual visitors called to see
Madame Blavatsky and offered to join the Society, she immediately
sent for the necessary forms and admitted them. After they had gone,
the Countess seems to have said half-remonstratingly that not much
538 MODERN ASTROLOGY
couid be expected from them, for even she could see that they were
joining only from motives of curiosity.
" That is true," said Madame Blavatsky, " but even this formal
act has given them a small karmic link with the Society, and even
that will mean something for them in the future."
Some have committed the incredible folly of leaving it because
they disapproved of the policy of its President, not reflecting first of
all, that that policy is the President's business and not theirs;
secondly, that as the President knows enormously more in every
direction than they do, there is probably for that policy some exceed-
ingly good reason of which they are entirely unaware; and thirdly,
that Presidents and policies are after all temporary, and do not in
any way affect the great fundamental fact that the Society belongs to
the Masters and represents Them, and that to abandon it is to desert
Their standard. Since They stand behind it, and intend to use it
as an instrument, we may be sure that They will permit no serious
error. It is surely not the part of a good soldier to desert from the
ranks because he disapproves of the plans of the General, and to go
off and fight single-handed. Nor is such fighting likely to be specially
efficient or useful to the cause which he professes to champion.
Some have deserted simply from a fear that if they remained is
the Society they might be identified with some idea of which they
disapprove. This is not only selfishness but self-conceit; what does
it matter what is thought or said of any of us, so long as the Master's
work is done and the Master's plan carried out ? We must learn to
forget ourselves and think only of that work. It is true that that work
will be done in any case, and that the place of those who refuse
to do it will quickly be supplied. So it may be asked, what do
defections matter ? They do tio( matter to the work, but they matter
very much to the deserter, who has thrown away an opportunity
which may not recur for many incarnations. Such action shows a
lack of all sense of proportion, an utter ignorance of what the Society
really is and of the inner side of its work.
This work which our Masters are doing, this work of the evolu-
tion of humanity, is the most fascinating thing in the whole world.
Sometimes it has happened to those of us who have been able to
develop the faculties of the higher planes to be allowed a glimpse of
that mighty scheme—to witness the lifting of a tiny corner of the veil.
 WHAT IS THE THEOSOPHICAL SOCIETY ? 539
I know of nothing more stirring, more absorbingly interesting. The
splendour, the colossal magnitude of the plans take away one's breath,
yet even more impressive is the calm dignity, the utter certainty of
it all. Not individuals only, but nations are the pieces in this game,
but neither nation nor individual is compelled to play any given part.
The opportuniiy to play that part is given to it or him; if he or it
will not take it, there is invariably an understudy ready to step in and
fill the gap. At this present time a magnificent opportunity is being
offered to the great Anglo-Saxon race—to the whole Teutonic sub-
race, if it will only sink its petty rivalries and jealousies and take it.
I hope with all my heart that it will do so ; I believe that it will; but
this I know, that if unfortunately it should fail, there is another
nation already chosen to assume the sceptre which in that case would
fall from its hands. Such failure would cause a slight delay, while
the new nation was being pushed rapidly forward to the necessary
level, but at the end of a few centuries exactly the same result would
have been achieved. That is the one thing that is utterly certain—
that the intended end will be achieved ; through whose agency this
will be done matters very much to the agent, but nothing at all to the
total progress of the world.
Let us throw ourselves into that work, not out of it, trying ever
to do more and more of it, and to do it better and better. For if we
do well now in comparatively small matters we shall presently be
entrusted with greater responsibilities in connection with that new
root-race, and of us will be true what was said of old : " Well done,
good and faithful servant: thou hast been faithful over a few things,
I will make thee ruler over many things: enter thou into the joy of
thy lord."
C. W. Leadbeater.
From " Tkeosophy in New Zealand."

" Withdraw into yourself and look. And if you do not find yourself
beautiful as yet, do as does the creator of a statue that has to be made
beautiful; he cuts away here, be smoothes there, be makes this lighter, this
other purer, till be has shown a beautiful face upon his statue. So do you
also; cut away all that is excessive, straighten all that is crooked, bring
light to all that is shadowed, labour to make all glow with beauty."—Plotinus.
 @lj£ J^t£c

{See Illustration facing page 529)

In the year 1790 an immense circular block of carved stone was

disinterred, during some excavations, in the Great Square at Mexico.
Others were found at Chapuhepec, and were unfortunately broken
up to build a furnace with, but this particular one of which the
photograph is given was rescued, and after careful examination was
found to be a Zodiac Stone in use among the Aztecs. A Calendar
engraved on the stone shows that the Aztecs had the means of
calculating with precision the hours of the day, the periods of the
solstices and the equinoxes, and also that of the transit of the Sun
across the zenith of Mexico. In Prescott's History of Mexico, Vol. I.,
a very good description of it can be found as well as of the Mexican
Hieroglyphics.
A short account of the Aztec method of calculating time may
be of interest; a fuller account will be found in the book previously
mentioned.
In their measurement of time, the Aztecs appear to have
adjusted their civil year to the solar year. They divided it into 18
months of 20 days each; 5 complementary days being added to make
up 365. These five days belonged to no particular month, but were
regarded as peculiarly unlucky. A month was divided into 4 weeks
of 5 days each.
They divided the years into great cycles of 52 each, which they
called " sheafs " or " bundles," and represented by a quantity of reeds
bound together by a string. In their maps every half century (52
years) was represented by one of these " bundles." To enable them
to specify any particular year, they divided the great cycle into four
smaller cycles or " indictions " of 13 years each. They then adopted
2 periodical series of signs, one consisting of numerical dots up to 13,
the other of the4 hieroglyphics of the years. These hieroglyphics were
a rabbit, a reed, a fiint, a house; and were taken as symbolical of the 4
elements, air, water, fire, earth, according to Veytia. These four
 THE AZTEC ZODIAC STONE
hieroglyphics they repeated in regular succession, setting up against
each one a number of corresponding dots continued in regular succes-
sion up to 13. The same system was pursued through the four
cycles, which thus always began with a different hieroglyphic from
the preceding, and in this way each of the hieroglyphics was made to
combine successively with each of the numerical signs, but never
twice the same ; since4 and 13, the factors of 52, the number of years
in the cycle, must admit of just as many combinations as are equal
to their product. In this way every year had its appropriate symbol
by which it was at once recognised, and this symbol preceded by the
proper number of bundles indicating the half centuries, showed the
exact time which had elapsed since the national epoch. This ingenious
system of a periodical stries, in place of the cumbrous system of
hieroglyphical notation, is to be found also among various people on
the Asiatic Continent.
The following table will give some idea as to how the system was
worked:
First Indictiox Second Indiction
Year of Year of
Iht Cycle Symbol tht Cycle Symbol
I Rabbit I
4 Reed
2 Reed 15 Flint
3 Flint t6 House
4 House 17 . . . Rabbit
5 Rabbit 18 .... Reed
6 Reed 19 Flint
7 Flint 20 House
8 21 Rabbit
9 22
10 23 Flint
11 Flint 24

12 House 25

«3 Rabbit 26 Reed

In addition to this solar calendar which might have answered all

the purposes of the nation, the priests constructed another for their
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

own use. This was called a " lunar reckoning " but does not seem
to have been constructed according to the revolutions of the Moon.
It was also formed of two periodical series, one consisting of 13 numeri-
cal signs or dots, the other of the 20 hieroglyphics of the days. But
as the product of these combinations would only be 260, and as some
confusion might arise from the repetition of the same terms for the
remaining 105 days of the year, they invented a third series, consisting
of 9 additional hieroglyphics which, alternating with the two preceding
series, would render it impossible that the three should coincide twice
in the same year, or indeed in less than 2340 days, since 20X 13x9 =
2340.
The Aztec priests used this second calendar for their own records,
making all their astrological calculations from it. It is said that
Sahagun gives this complete system very carefully in his History
d'Nueva Espana, so that a horoscope can be drawn from it.
The Zodiacal Stone of which the photograph is given was built
into the wall of the present Cathedral to preserve it from destruction.
Only as recently as 1888 has the discovery been made of the chief
sacrificial Aztec Stone in the Square or Plaza of Mexico before the
Cathedral.
For the photograph from which the block was prepared we are
indebted to the kindness of Mrs. B. F. Scarlett.
An interesting item regarding the Aztec religion is that Confession
to a priest and Absolution by him was one of their practices. The
address of the Confessor contains the following : " Let Thy forgive-
ness and favour descend, like the pure waters of Heaven, to wash
away the stains from the soul. Thou knowest this poor man hath
sinned, not from his own free will, but from the influence of the sign under
which he was born."

The Astrological Society.—The Secretary wishes us to announce

that she has in preparation a leaflet giving a brief account of the formation
and working of this Society, and of its present promising condition. This
leaflet will, it is hoped, be ready to send out with the January issue of
Modern Astrology. The Study Groups already formed are, we learn,
bard at work and making very satisfactory progress.
 543

^ Bag iBrcam

In my natal star a note of sweet, solemn music sounded.

Nothing can reach this world that is not lovely and harmonious, and
the note was a call for me. I am the child of all my former lives,
and I looked at them all eagerly clustering round me to say farewell,
the beautiful ones who knew not how I would return to them.
Should I achieve greatly, and enrich them all, or be despoiled of that
which they had given me ?
Their accumulated knowledge was mine until the denser matter
of the lower worlds clouded it, and I knew that an angel from the
Sun, and another from the Moon, had come for me when tlie answering
note in my world responded to the sound from my ruling star.
Michael, strong and glorious angel of the Sun, Gabriel, pure and
lovely angel of the Moon, and Raphael with the winged sandals from
Mercury—these three led me away ; and I noted their symbols.
Michael and Raphael had woven in their vesture n ; and Gabriel the
sign 5i> ; and I knew they belonged to the powers of the air.
My guardian angel from the distant Neptune was in the mid-
heaven, and he looked into my eyes with a smile in his own.
Then he spoke. "My child, life will be a problem to you, for
the earthy element will attract you, but never detain you, for however
soiled your wings may become you will know you must rise, you will
never live wholly in the practical work-a-day world. Dreamy,
imaginative, and ever seeking to find a balance, of so dualistic a mind
that you will find constant entertainment in the analysis and synthesis
of your own thoughts, you will wonder at times which is the real self
—that which wills to do, or that which would leave undone. You
will never be understood, for those who know you in one mood will
be mystified when they find you in another—at times reserved and
cold, then impulsive and ardent—a dreamy idler, and an energetic
worker—they will not know where to find you. Not until the angel
who comes from Gabriel has perfected his work can you ascend to
me, not until of your own free will the fires have consumed the dross,
while you have stood unresisting, having no wish to escape while still
earth-bound—not until then, will you be pure enough to rise.
"Go forth with these, my child, and see my face no more until
all is accomplished and you are free to rise. And the inarticulate
longing, which will be your only memory of me, will strengthen you
in time of trial."
In my day dream I know that I wakened in my mother's arms, and
gradually the world of the angel Uriel shut from me the inner worlds.
Esta.
 544

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March 26th, 1884, Leipzig
Time given, 10.30 a.m., 13th degree of ffi rising. Time obtained by
rectification from Pre-Natal Epoch, 10.10.32 a.m., gtb degree ffi rising.

This strong and harmonious horoscope, erected from data

furnished by the native himself, and authenticated by the German
Registry Office, is that of Wilhelm Backhaus, who at the comparatively
early age of 24 has already won a place in the first rank of pianists.
With so favourable a horoscope it is not surprising that his
career has been exceptionally brilliant, and as it is evident—from the
way in which his playing gains in expression and depth from year to
year—that he is far from having reached the zenith of his powers,
much may be expected from him in the future.
 THE HOROSCOPE OF WILHELM BACKHAUS 345
Many who see him are struck by his resemblance to Beethoven.
Some have even suggested that lie may be a reincarnation of this
great genius.* If this be so, it would seem that he has come back to
interpret his own compositions to us, for it is in the works of
Beethoven that he shows his greatest promise as an interpretative
artist. In this connection, it is interesting to note that he was born
on the 57th anniversary of Beethoven's death, and that Beethoven
died in his 57th year. He was 56 years and 3 months old at his
death, and reckoning from March 25th, 1827, to June 21st, 1883,
(the tlate of Backhaus' pre-natai), is 56 years and 3 months. Another
thing that seems to point to psychic relationship between the two is
that the Sun and Moon occupied the same decanates of the same signs,
and Mercury and Saturn the same signs, on the day of Beethoven's
death, as they do in the above natus. There are other points in
common between the two maps which those interested in such matters
may discover for themselves.
So far, Herr Backhaus does not seem to have composed, but
has devoted himself to interpreting the works of others. In this
direction he has great and increasing powers, always subordinating
himself and entering into the spirit of the work he is rendering. The
position of the Moon in Pisces, trined by Jupiter in Cancer, no doubt
accounts for this and also has much to do with the peculiar beauty of
his touch and the softness and roundness of his tone. The Aries
element is in evidence in an occasional tendency to hurry, and not
allow sufficient breathing space between phrases. Restrained, but at
the same time strengthened by Saturn, this martial element also gives
him his magnificent power and control in crcsundo passages.
Astrological students who are interested in musicians will notice
that Venus is in conjunction with Neptune,—that strange planet of
dreams, spells and enchantments; Venus being strong in Taurus.
To this Herr Backhaus owes some, at least, of his power to charm,
hold and carry away bis hearers. Anton Rubinstein also bad this
position, the conjunction in his case taking place in Capricorn. That
Neptune is highly musical we are all aware, but his influence is
• This suggestion seems in conflict with a statement in the Stcrct Doctrine (Vol.
ii., p. 317, Third Edition): " Let us remember that, save in the case of young children
and of individuals whose lives have been violently cut off by some accident, no
Spiritual Entity can reincarnate before a period of many centuries has elapsed.
. ."—Ed.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
usually connected with string-bowed instruments and is prominent in
the horoscopes of most violinists and 'cellists. The Pisces element in
the above natus would seem to accentuate Neptune's influence. One
finds oneself asking " Why the pianoforte ? " We have it on good
authority that Herr Backhaus can play the violin. Has the sign
anything to do with the choice of instrument ?
The writer is intimate with a lady, an exceptionally gifted
musician and a fine pianiste (her playing has quite a Neptunian
charm), who has Venus conjunction Neptune in Aries. For a time
she studied the violin and pianoforte equally, but when obliged to
relinquish one instrument, decided to devote herself entirely to the
piano. She has been heard to express regret that she did not decide
in favour of the violin.

The following are extracts from a delineation sent by the writer

to Herr Backhaus, and acknowledged by him to be "on many points
correct."*
" Taken as a whole your horoscope is a wonderful one, full of
very great possibilities, and you ought to accomplish much.
"The past, brilliant as it has been, is as nothing compared with
what the future will, or ought to be. You are an Idealist and a
Dreamer, but seem to have the power which is denied to many of
making your dreams practical. In other words you can build most
beautiful castles in the air, but you can also put foundations under
them.
" In disposition you are retiring, sensitive, emotional, and can be
reserved.
"You are modest, but have a strong sense of your own dignity.
You are kind and generous and as your perceptive powers are good
and you are very intuitive and impressionable, you can understand
others, and exercise the tact which comes of sympathy. You have a
fertile aud poetic imagination, creative power of a high order, and
should be able to express yourself fluently in more ways than one.

* These extracts have been selected by Herr Backhaus himself; we have

however seen a copy of the delineation as it was submitted to him originally, and
it is only fair to state that the items omitted deal with minor points, and seem to
have been deleted rather out of concern for the feelings of others than for any
personal reason.—Ed.
 THE HOROSCOPE OF WILHELM BACKHAUS 547
" You are fond of home, but yet like novelty, change and travel-
ling. You are perhaps rather changeable and subject to moods, but
are generally hopeful.
" You are rather romantic and bohemian. You possess psychic
gifts and are drawn towards the occult and mysterious — you are
open to impressions from the higher side of your nature, and if you
allow yourself to be guided by your intuition, you will seldom go
wrong. Usually you are very easy-going and good-natured, but if
anyone were really to oflend you, I think he would soon be sorry for
himself. You could never bear malice however.
" Your internal nature is fiery, forceful, energetic and determined.
You are very ambitious and never satisfied with mean attainments.
You know what you want and have the strength of will to get it.
You are fearless and undaunted by obstacles.
" You are inclined to be headstrong and rash, but this tendency
is kept very well in check generally. This strength of will and
definiteness of purpose, together with your ideality, makes you suited
for pioneer work, and may be turned to the highest uses.
" Your perceptive powers are quick and keen and you are rarely
mistaken in your judgments.
" You have power to organise, take the lead, and exercise
authority over others. You are enthusiastic about anything you take
up, and can carry your projects to a successful issue.
" Mentally you are quick-witted, quick in thought as well as in
action, original, inventive, very independent and open-minded, but
with a tendency to over-activity and excitability.
" You love theories, romances, new ideas and speculative thought,
but like to bring thought into action. You are always idealistic.
Your health is generally good and you possess strong vitality and
good recuperative power. The greatest danger to health seems to
be in your allowing your forceful and energetic spirit to outgo your
physical powers, (for your physiqueis not of thestrongest),and thus bring
on serious nervous troubles, possibly chest complaints, and diseases
caused by poverty of the blood. If you wish to mature your powers
and live to a green old age, you must conserve your energies and
avoid over-work.
" You draw round you many friends and receive much pleasure
and profit from them. You meet with those who are powerful and thus
 MODERN ASTROLOGY

able to advance your material interests, and also those who help you
by thoughts of kindness and goodwill.
" You will probably have some weird experiences, and meet with
queer people who will not be all that they wish you to think they
are. On the other hand you will be attracted to some whose influence
will be the best possible ; your perceptive and intuitive powers should
stand you in good stead here. At some time in your life you will
meet with powerful and unexpected opposition to your wishes.
" Your finances need cause you no anxiety. The most fortunate
influences prevail and everything you turn your hand to seems likely
to benefit you financially. You are inclined to be very generous and
open-handed in money matters. Your musical gifts show plainly, but
if I had not knov/n you were a pianist I would have thought that the
violin or 'cello was your instrument. You are a great beauty-lover—
especially beauty of form. You should be able to compose. You
possess literary ability, and have many interests apart from music."
Lynda Kjessarfn.

A TRYST WITH CHRIST

Conrad the cobbler made a tryst with Christ and lamented that the
Heavenly Guest did not keep it; but, on the day ol the tryst, he had called
in a beggar from the street and given him shoes; helped an old woman with
her load of fagots and given her bread; and led a frightened child to its
mother. Then this happened :—
The day went down in the crimson west,
And with it the hope of the blessed Guest;
And Conrad sighed as the world turned gray ;
' Why is it, Lord, that your feet delay ?
Did you forget that this was the day ? '
Then, soft, in the silence a voice he heard:
' Lift up your heart, for I kept my word.
Three times I came to your friendly door;
Three times my shadow was on your floor.
I was the beggar with bruised feet;
I was the woman you gave to eat;
I was the child on the homeless street.'
From a poem by Edwin Markham quoted in Light.
 549

^.airological "Clause CKflfbw"

The trial referred to in the editorial pages of Modern Astrology

for September, with its exhibition of spiteful and ignorant bias against
astrologers and Astrology, recalls another trial, which took place in
the Court of Queen's Bench, Juneagth, 1863. I have before me as
I write the Times' report of this interesting case, which extends to
nearly three columns, and will greatly amuse any of your readers who
may have an opportunity of referring to a hie.
Commander R. J. Morrison, R.N., better known as Zadkiel,
brought an action against Admiral Belcher for an alleged libel con-
tained in a letter in the Daily Telegraph. On January 31st, 1863, that
paper published an article calling attention to Zadkiel's prediction of
the death of the Prince Consort, which made a great sensation at the
time, and asked the question, " Who is Zadkiel ? " To this enquiry
Admiral Belcher replied in the same columns, giving some personal
details about Morrison and adding that he was identical with the
" celebrated crystal globe seer who gulled many of our nobility about
the year 1852." Belcher pleaded not guilty and that the alleged libel
was true in substance and fact. Mr. Serjeant Shea, Mr. J. O.
Griffiths and Mr. E. Besley were for the plaintiff; Mr. Serjeant
Ballantine and Mr. Field for the defendant.
Mr. Serjeant Shea in opening the case gave some historical
particulars about crystals and crystal gazing, phenomena which are
now generally admitted, but were evidently at that time regarded as
a species of lunacy or fraud.
Commander Morrison, who wore his navy medals, was then
called and gave particulars of his astrological career and of sundry
predictions in his Almanac as to the Prince Consort, Lord Palmerston,
Lord Brougham, etc. He also furnislied details of his experiments
with crystals ; and the " crystal ball was here produced amid sup-
pressed merriment and handed round the court," Mr. Serjeant
Ballantine causing great laughter by remarking to the jury, " Some of
my younger brethren, gentlemen, are looking into it to see their
prospects of future business."
55° MODERN ASTROLOGY

From Zadkiel's cross-examination we may extract the following;

Mr. Serjeant Ballantine : You prophesy sometimes, I believe ?
Witness: No. I never prophesy: I only predict. (Great
laughter).
Mr. Serjeant Ballantine; Well, you have had some failures
lately : you predicted Lord Brougham's death, didn't you ? (Laughter.)
Witness: I never predict death to anyone; only danger.
(Laughter.)
Mr. Serjeant Ballantine: Oh, he was in danger; and if he had
happened to die of course you would have taken credit for it ?
(Laughter.)
Witness: It is an annual prediction: it extends from birthday
to birthday. He is in danger until his next birthday.
Mr. Serjeant Ballantine : Oh I see, he is in danger until his
death, and then he is out of danger. (Great laughter.) Then as to
Lord Palmerston, pray is the danger you allude to from political
combinations or to his health ?
The witness said his health.
Mr. Serjeant Ballantine went on to ask questions in the same
sarcastic "spirit as to other similar matters, when
The Lord Chief Justice said: Oh really, we have had enough of
this.—Which was doubtless most true, though not exactly in the
sense intended by his lordship! Every astrologer will admit that
.Zadkiel answered his questions straightforwardly, and that the
flippancy of Mr. Serjeant Ballantine was only in proportion to his
self-sufficiency and ignorance.
Plaintifl's witnesses were then called, and it is worthy of note
that the names of some of them were suppressed by the Times (why ?),
but they are given in the notice of the trial in "Annals of our Times,"
as including the Earl of Wilton, Lord Harry Vane, the Marchioness
of Aylesbury, Lord Lytton the novelist, the Bishop of Lichfield, and
the Master of the Temple. Fault could hardly be found with them
surely either as to position or intelligence !
For the defence it is suggestive to note that no witnesses were
called, but that Serjeant Ballantine in his address relied on prejudic-
ing the jury by sarcastic abuse of Astrology and the use of the crystal,
and it is apparent from the original report that he did his best with a
very bad job.
The Lord Chief Justice then summed up, and though he stated
the law correctly enough his remarks were otherwise grossly one-
sided. Here is just one quotation : " Of all the strange delusions
 AN ASTROLOGICAL "CAUSE CELEBRE" 551
that ever had misled the mind of man the notion that our destinies
were affected by combinations of stars was perhaps the strangest.
Ancient astronomers had affixed for convenience certain names to
particular stars, borrowing those names from heathen mythology;
and these astrologers had actually in their ignorance ascribed to the
stars the character of those deities whose names they bore: and
then, because one bright star was called Venus, and another of a
more fiery red was called Mars, they had fancied that persons born
' under' those stars had the characteristics of those particular heathen
deities. Nothing could be more absurd, and such was the sort of
rubbish with which this almanac was filled."
In spite, however, of Mr. Serjeant Ballantine and of the Lord
Chief Justice the British jury found for Zadkiel, damages 20s., where-
upon his lordship spitefully refused a certificate for costs. He had
done his best—or really his worst. From a comparison of this case
with that mentioned in the September number of Modern Astro-
logy (and more fully reported in the Times), I fear it must be admitted
that our legal luminaries have not greatly increased in wisdom in the
course of forty-six years. However, it is at any rate satisfactory to
reflect that in each case, despite the most adverse influences, the jury
saw their way to the only verdict that was consonant with justice and
commonsense.
Arthur Meb.
Cardiff.

[We may remind our readers that Mr. Arthur Mee (l/tis Mr. Arthur
Mee, that is, for there is another Mr. Arthur Mee who is editor of the
Children's Encyclopadio and other Harmsworth publications) is a well-known
amateur astronomer and the author of a handbook on " Observational
Astronomy," which has reached its second edition.
The Lord Chief Justice's remarks upon the " ignorance " of astrologers
remind one of a certain famous boomerang, which had the unpleasant
property of recoiling upon the head of the unpractised thrower. He appears
to have forgotten that the great Kepler, who gave bis name to the Three
Great Laws of astronomy, (and whose works still remain unpublished by a
grateful posterity 1), was an astrologer, and cast the nativity of the great
general Wallenstein—not as an astronomer, as some would fain have us believe,
but as an astrologer ; that is, not only did be calculate the nativity, but be
gave-an astrological delineation of it. A-translation of that delineation is
nowbefore us, taken from " Beitrag zur Feststellung des Verbaeltnissen von
Keppler zu Wallenstein, von Otto Struve, Direktor der Sternwatte zu
Pulkowa," and we hope to publish it very shortly.—Eo.]
 |lti Illustration of tljc t&sc of Horarg ^.strologg

One sometimes hears Horary Astrology spoken of as if it were

never employed except for frivolous or unnecessary purposes, but this
is not always the case, as the following letters (which speak for
themselves) will show. Names of course we withhold, but the original
letters can be seen at the office of Modern Astrology by any person
who wishes to do so.
" Pharmacy,
"Nr. Sydney, N.S.W.,
Australia.
"A. Leo, Esq., February 25th, 1907.
" Editor of Modern Astrology, London.
" Dear Sir,
" I am a student of Astrology and a Fellow of the
Theosophical Society and am writing to know if you, as one of the
foremost astrologers of the day, can throw any light on the following
case.
" The daughter of a friend of mine has not been heard of, in spite
of everything that the police departments of France and England can
do, since 1901. She was sent out to Australia to relatives when about
14 years of age and reached them safely, journeyed back to England
somewhere about 1900 and was last heard of from Paris in the spring
of 1901. The following is an extract from her mother's letter dated
January 23/'o7 :
"'I am always having inquiries made for her. I have just
received a letter from the Chief of Police in Paris where she was
when I last heard from her as far back as 1901; and he tells me they
have made every effort to find her without success. I am afraid I
shall never hear from her or see her again, I have made so many
enquiries.' (The data of the girl's birth are London, November i3/'77,
2.20 a.m., and the mother's May 11/'53, 11.30 p.m., Dublin.)
"This should be a most interesting case, and if any results are
obtained of a practical nature should go far to vindicate Astrology as
a science. Apart altogether from this, the humanitarian aspect should
appeal to a large number of students, but I fear the task is more than
a student's. Kindly withhold my name and address from publication
and if the case should appeal to you I am confident you would earn
the undying gratitude of her mother for any information you could
vouchsafe her. I shall be willing to forward you your fee if you
charge one.
" I beg to remain,
"Yours respectfully,
 ILLUSTRATION OF THE USE OF HORARY ASTROLOGY 553
To this letter Mr. Leo replied that the data should be published
in the magazine and students invited to give their judgment of the
matter, and with that intention the letter was laid on the desk of a
member of the staff. He, however, supposing the letter to be sub-
mitted for his own personal judgment cast a horary figure for the
time of reading the letter and . But the matter is best explained
in his own words.
" Esq.
" Pharmacy,
"Nr. Sydney, N.S.W.
" Reference number: 10 x 520.
" Dear Sir,
" Your letter to Mr. Leo was placed upon my desk for
publication in the magazine, it seems, but being unaware that Mr.
Leo had already written to you I erected a figure for the time of
reading it, and the following is my judgment thereon, which I am
sending you in case it may be of any assistance or comfort to your
friend.
" I give below the data for the construction of the figure, in case
you like to submit it to the judgment of any astrological friend. I
wish you to understand that I feel most certain only of the general
judgment given, and much less so of particulars and details.
"Asc. = querent. XI. his friend. III. her daughter.
" 2 = missing woman, lady of 3rd.
" She has contracted a secret alliance (cadent houses*) with a
young man of good family {g ky), an alliance which I judge to be
now of six years standing. He has had some difficulty with his
unclef (or superiors), whom I judge to be in Africa [es] or interested
in African finance, and I gather that this seriously impairs his own
funds, since he is dependent on his uncle's income. Indeed, I think
he is employed by his uncle in business, and I should think it likely
that the latter is engaged in shipping transactions to the Cape.
Nevertheless, I think the uncle's position is good, and that he will
not in the end prove unfavourable to the wife.
"All the same, everything depends upon this uncle (2^) who
holds the key to the situation.
" I judge that she has left her own residence and is going to her
husband's—(I think the name of the youth is the same as that of his
uncle)—or rather, perhaps, that they have now decided to live
together, and it seems to me that they will travel. I think the
mother will hear of her shortly, but I do not think she will meet her.

• V. and VIII. are " cadent " from IV., the house ruling the person enquired
about.—Ed.
t (V. lord V., 9th from 9th, house of the husband.)
554 MODEKN ASTROLOGY

I rather think she has a child of about six months old, but I do not
feel at all sure of this.
" What seems most clear is that the girl is well, and is on the
whole in comfortable circumstances.
" But she seem to have covered her traces quite effectually, and
I do not think she will be found until she chooses to declare herself.
" I fancy she is in Paris, in one of the belter quarters of the
town (nj« = Paris, K seventh from i»e = the better quarter of the
city, the 4 better class ' district).
" From the girl's own horoscope I gather that she is very much
moved by her own personal feelings, and is rather careless as regards
her mother's sufferings on her account.
" I should not be surprised if her husband is in partnership with
his uncle.
" I hope you will understand that these remarks are made with-
out prejudice, and that they constitute the best judgment I can give
considering the somewhat unsatisfactory data upon which they are
based. They are founded upon a horary figure for the time of reading
your letter, 0.57 p.m. G.M.T., Hampstead, the ascendant
being taken to represent yourself, the eleventh house your friend,
and the third house her daughter.
" Yours faithfully,
<t

" P.O. Box No. —,

"Kempsey, N.S.W., Australia.
" November jtk, 1908.
" , Esq., " Reference number: 10 x 520.
" c/o Office of Modern Astrology.
" Dear Sir,
" Some eighteen months ago I wrote you re a friend of
mine whose daughter had disappeared entirely for some years, and
you took the trouble to erect a figure and send me your judgment on
the same, for which allow me to express my thanks. Thinking you
might be interested in the sequel I enclose a copy of a letter which
reached me not long after I received yours.
" I should have done this sooner but I have been very unsettled
for some time, and not felt much like Astrology.
" Copy of letter w 10 X 520: ' Now for my startling news. Last
Saturday I was sitting very quietly sewing when I heard a knock.
The girl came up and said a lady wanted to see me. Who should it be
but Jessie ; but I did not know her till she spoke and said, " Mother,
don't you know me." She was deathly white and has grey hair. I
have not got over the shock yet. She has been married three years
and had one child, but it is dead ; her husband is a Frenchman.
" ' She was in a dreadful railway accident, and her hair turned
grey in one night, she had one finger amputated.
" ' She and her husband came to see me Wednesday, and he is
a very nice fellow, does not speak a word of English, but she speaks
 ILLUSTRATION OF THE USE OF HORARY ASTROLOGY 555
French fluently. They seem devoted to each other, and she looks
very happy, but is very quiet and has grown very nice looking.* She
will write to you and send you a photograph of herself and husband.'"
[The remainder of the letter deals with other matters.]

Little comment is needed, as the reader will be able to see for

himself how far the judgment given was correct. Three things stand
out clearly ; the girl was alive and well, was married and had a child,
and was not found until she chose to make herself known. These
items were correctly judged, in the main, but in detail they were in-
correct. Some matters are still left in doubt owing to lack of fuller
information, and might on further investigation prove correct {e.g.,
whether the married pair lived in the western quarter of Paris, etc.).
But the most remarkable oversight is the railway accident, which does
not seem to have been in any way foreseen by the student who cast
the horary figure. Below are given all the requisite maps, and those
interested in this branch of Astrology will take pleasure in studying
them and seeing if they can make good this omission.

Houses
X. XI. XII, I. II. III.
(:) Girl 11274 A 3 15 4 ■928 i 21 "121
(3) Mother "1149 7 3 7 19 n 6 = *9 T16
(j) Horary Figrre S 4 U t3 BS20 A19 it 8 0= 2
Planets
o $ v 1 e V b V v a
[1) in,2i =22 m22 '1 6 K17 w 3 x 1481. azgSt. a 61^ =27
[2) a 2i as 3 T24 a 19 T29 7 23^ a 2i a 9 X13 n2t
[3) T19-28K22.5x22-29H 9.53 V 4-3 ® 3-55 X2I.32 ni2.4iSt.^o 9.572528.;

A Coincidence.—In the tram smash at Birmingham the other day there

was a double coincidence—good old " coincidence " 1—both men who were
killed bore the same Christian and surname, although in no way related, and
both were employed at the same factory. The tram which overturned had
a similar accident at the same spot in the same month of last year.
From a Correspondent.

' Note t signi&cator in x her exaltation.—Ed.

 556

Ihtos front iSotoljrrr

I am sorry to find that no one seems to have attempted to answer my

" why's ? " in regard to the Anecdotes.
(i) On p. 360 I suggested that the cat-tied-to-a-post story would appeal
to Aries, and I am really surprised no one has shown intuition enough to say
why. Aries is, of the whole twelve, that sign preeminently in which life or
spirit, as opposed to form or letter, is supreme. It is no good making formal
objections or offering formal incentives to Aries—he sweeps them aside (or
rather, as a writer in the " Temperaments " series has pointed out on p. 310,
be kicks them aside) impatiently. The only vital objection to any plan of
Aries is, that he no longer wants to do it. And the only vital incentive to
an action, that it is impossible I Hence it is easy to see that the idea of
performing an empty ceremony, the object of which was not understood,
while the only real thing (the sacrifice) that had ever been associated with it
bad been allowed to lapse—such an idea is bound tostrike Aries as ridiculous,
in fact comical. Aries has been termed the sign of sacrifice, and such in one
sense it undoubtedly is, and it is somewhat significant that Mrs. Besant,
the teller of the story, is born under Aries, with Uranus (a somewhat Aries-
like planet, in my opinion) rising therein.—And her life has been one long
sacrifice to her ideals. It is true that her Sun is in Libra, which is also a
sign of sacrifice, but of that we have already learned somewhat in the
October issue (p. 475), iu November (p. 509), and also in this issue (p. 565).
* *
With the other questions I must deal more briefly.—^2) Taurus, (p. 360)
because the answer is the wost obviously true on the physical plane. The
story is badly told, however ; it has evidently been re-edited by (which sign of
the Zodiac?-—can you guess ?). It would be the dull boy of the class who would
answer this,—and not breathlessly but meditatively, as if the result of deep
thought. Personally, I regard it as an exceedingly wise answer, for it gives
one to think. Which a prim correct answer would not have done.
(3) Leo, (p. 360) because Jock goes such a long way round to get there,
a great waste of time and energy from the Leo standpoint, and stimulating
to one's self-esteem when observed in others cannot one imagine the
Night-Watchman delivering himself of an edict upon the matter?
" Long ways round in proposin' to gals," one can almost hear him say. " may be
what you littery gents call artistic, but the gals don't like'em. What they wants
is somsthink short and sweet and simple, what can't be wriggled out of in a court
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 557
of lor. But some fellers think such a lot of their style, and fancies theirselves so
much, that their ornary common sense deserts 'em over a matter o' this kind, and
ask a plain question they can't. Some of 'em ain't satisfied with talkin' pretty,
even, but they must put it down on paper, There was a chap I knew once
who made up 'is mind to ask a gal to marry 'im, and went out to get some paper
to write and tell 'er so. He wrote it all down very pat and pretty, and was
quite surprised w'en 'e didn't get a favourable reply by next post. He didn't
get no reply at all for two or three days, but w'en 'e did it was to the pint, She
thanked 'im for 'is orfler, and said as she would have been pleased to consider it if
she 'ad been free, but that was not the case, she bein' engaged to be married.—It
wasseein'about her trusoe, she said, as 'ad prevented 'er writing afore, 'My
future 'usband,' she finished up by saying, ' is your old pal Jem Smith, who has
on'y just returned from Australia. It was 'im you bumped up against w'en you
was coming out of the stationer's shop the other night. he says ; but you seemed
so busy thinkin1 about somethink that you didn't appear to notice 'im. 'E was
just off the ship, and 'e came straight up 'ere to propose to me as soon as 'e had
got my address from the stationer. I suppose I ought to tell you to congratulate
me, for Jem is what they call a rich feller out there, and says he expects to be
made Mayor next year.' "
I hope Mr. Jacobs will forgive me for thus fishing in his ocean.
Erratum !—Apropos of Mr. Jacobs, the story referred to on p. 498 last
month should be "The Third String," and not "Two's Company,"
* 5(e i:
(4) Scorpio, (p. 361) because of the effective retaliation and the stinging
way in which it turns the tables.
(5) Aquarius, (p. 361) because this sign is no respecter of potentates but
sees sublimity in service, and that unrecognised, only.
(6) Capricorn, (p. 361) on account of the obvious waste. I realiy cannot
laugh properly at this tale, I have too much Capricorn in me myself I
(7) Virgo (p. 361), on account of the neat retort. There is more tt'tV
than humour in the tale. Hence one may laugh once at it, but cannot
twice.—How different the next in this respect.
(8) Sagittarius, (p. 361) deserves a fuller answer, for I think this story
exquisitely characteristic. Note that the man keeps quiet till the scene is
ended, doesn't spoil the effect by interrupting, and even when forced to
speak only voices his grievance with a comical despair. I venture to suggest
the " Nelson " was a Cancer man, and that he was—shall we say ?—gloating
over his part. Sagittarius loves to throw itself into a new part, Cancer to
stay in a part too long ; (Sagittarius the bird-oi-passage, Cancer the nest-
builder); hence Cancer would be likely to overdo, just as Sagittarius would
be likely to give a too superficial rendering. No one would ever accuse a
Sagittarian of being " so blessed lingerin' " in any part!
558 MODERN ASTROLOGY
(9) Cancer, (p. 361) so " canny." One is almost reminded in this story
of the quaint and homely (yet incontrovertible) philosophy of the Chinaman.
The story is "child-like and bland" as Truthful James would say.
(10) Gemini, (p. 499). Observe here that the chief exaggeration is not
physical exaggeration (v), nor emotional (y), but mental (n). The first
half of the story shows a picturesque imagination, a vivid power of imagining
something never seen—not a department of memory merely. The latter
portion shows something more than this, namely, instinctive poetry. It is
only the poetical sense that can enable us to conceive the Law of Gravitation
as frozen into inactivity.—The technical word is Pralaya.
^ *
[Since the above was written I have received an answer, and a
criticism, which as they are interesting I will give : (a) because Gemini will
either have or invent an explanation for everything; (this is true, I think,
but so does Virgo—yet is this a Virgo story ? I trow not); (6) the story is
wrongly ascribed to Gemini, and should be referred to Aries ; (this I think
a sound criticism, though only as applying to the first part of the tale ; but
the statement can easily be tested—tell the yarn to an Aries person and
see if be or she doesn't laugh more at the first part than the second,
and to a Gemini, and see if he doesn't appreciate chiefly the second part.
I have also received the following interesting quotation re " Sordello "
(see p. 501):
"Lord Tennyson manfully tackled it [Sordello], but he is reported to have
admitted in bitterness of spirit : ' There were only two lines in it that I understood,
and they were both lies ; they were the opening and closing lines, " Who will may
hear Sordello's story told," and " Who would has.beard Sordello's story told." '
" Carlyle was equally candid ; ' My wife," be writes, ' bas read through Sordello
without being able to make out whether " Sordello " was a man, or a city, or a
book.' "—(From " Robert Browning." by William Sbarpe.)
I am interested to hear the speaker was Tennyson (©SLSn $ 95), as he
bad d in ia in the sixth bouse, and f? there too (ruler of M.C. and
decanate of ascendant). I think this somewhat justifies my contention,
though few will be likely to assent to the idea that Tennyson was jealous of
Browning.—Although, in the words of Bob Pretty, I should "think (he better
of him for it " if he were !]
» ♦ *
It occurred to me a few days ago, apropos of the statement that the
three airy signs Libra, Aquarius and Gemini are related to the three
fundamental questions where ? what ? and why?—questions so far-reaching
and so deep-sounding that could they once and for all be satisfactorily and
fully answered there would be nothing more to ask ;—it occurred to me, I
say, to see whether I could not set them down, with their correlatives whence?
and whither ?, who and which ?, and wherefore ? and what for ?, in some
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE 339
tabular form which would show their relationship to other signs of the
zodiac. When I came to attempt this, I found that the three correlatives
tmigbt be referred to the three decanates of the sign concerned ; and with
some patience and a little ingenuity I finally made out the following three
tables ;—
Cardinal Signs
WHERE? T-T HERE
rfi: -SS WHITHER? T-Si HITHER
0 whence ? T- / hence
>3-V3 THERE 25 - <ZZ> NOWHERE—EVERYWHERE
Yl- W THITHER OB-111 NOWHITHER—EVERY-WHITHER
thence (O-X (}W-whence) —everywhence
Fixed Signs
ss.ss WHAT? THIS
= -n WHICH ? A-Z THIS ONE
SZ-A who ? A-T /
«.« THAT in-ft AUGHT—NAUGHT
W -ns THAT ONE itl-K ALL—NONE
W-V3 he m-Bs we—they
Mutable Signs
n -o WHY? t-t TRY
n — WHEREFORE ? t-r HENCE (HERBFORE)
H-sr what for ? /-A for this (or thus)
nf-ftjj BECAUSE K-K SO
nj V3 THEREFORE (or THENCE) X-ms (for no reason)
njj- « for that X-iU {for naught)
In these tables the fundamental question is printed in capitals, and its two
correlatives in small capitals and italics respectively. The Cardinal and
Fixed tables will I think explain themselves, but the Mutable may at first
seem puzzling. In each table the airy sign sounds the question, (where) the
fiery gives the ' immediate' reply, (here) the earthy the ' remote ' reply, (there)
and the watery the ' absolute ' reply, (nowhere or everywhere);—in one or two
cases I have bad to inveut words on account of the incompleteness of the
English language, an incompleteness I had not previously realised.
* * ,- *
I have said that the Mutable table may at first seem puzzling. At first
I gave " because " to Sagittarius, and foundjmyself with nothing left for Virgo.
A very intuitive friend was with me at the time, and suggested " try " for
Sagittarius. At first I scouted the idea, but I endeavoured to get to the
heart of the thing, and at last I came to the conclusion that" try " was
right. I arrived at this by means of au imaginary conversation ; but in order
to make this quite clear I bad better first illustratetbe difference in meaning
between why and wherefore. And I hope the attentive reader will strive to
see bow the idea of where is present in wherefore.
If I say to an importunate person : " Whv do vou come to me for
money ? " the question ' why ' covers the whole matter—it is comprehensive
560 MODERN ASTROLOGY
and universal;—why do you come, to me, for money. But I might wonder
why he came to me. [N.B.—I should!] In that case I should say:
" Wherefore do you come to me for money ? " Or again, I might wonder
why he came to me for money, in which case I should say : " What do you
come to me for money for ? " These distinctions are very subtle, and it is
true that the question could be asked in either way with either meaning, for
most people would be quite insensitive to such delicate nuances in speech ;
but they exist, they are there, for all that, and can be discerned by those
who will listen for them.
*
And now let us study the possible answers to this question. The
answer 1 because ' is a logical one, and could only fitly be used if the reply
meant—" because I need money and because I knew you had it and because
I knew you would give it me." But the petitioner may not have anything
like such good grounds as this. He might say : " Well, old chap, I am a bit
bard up, and although not in actual need I thought I would try to borrow a
fiver from you." Here we see the whole sentence turns upon the word try.
The answer is not known, so the question is put to the test.
This is a matter that will well repay pondering. The question is often
put11 Why are we here ?" And the answer is, li Because ." No, I have
never heard the end of the sentence.—Have you ?
And yet we are all answering that question, that uuspoken, eternal,
insistent question every day and hour of our lives! Not by a because,but
by a try.—There is material for a sound sermon here.
* * *
Harking back to the original question for a moment, there is another
reply that might be given, in case the petitioner's purpose was quite
unordinarily vague. Imagine the following explanation :—
" Eh, I can hardly say. The fact is,—well, I tossed up to see whether
I should ask you or your brother; but the coin fell down a drain. Just then
I saw you coming past. And so I asked you."
Here the pivot is the m. Notice how much weaker it is than " because "
or " try " ; one can almost see the apologetic smile, and the shrug of the
shoulders.

I have omitted the sound sermon upon the word " try " as an answer to
" why," but I cannot deny myself a few words upon the strange fact that it
is only in the Mutable Signs that we find any difficulty in constructing our
Table. Let us think a moment.
Fixed Signs ATMA
Mutable Signs BUDDHI
Cardinal Signs MANAS
 NEWS FROM NOWHERE
Atma we are told is reflected Id, or corresponds to, the physical world.
Buddbi signifies wisdom and is reflected in or corresponds to (in its lower
manifestation) K&ma or passion ; its higher manifestation is exhibited in
compassion. Manas is seen as mind, two-fold, i.e., the higher and lower or
abstract and concrete.
Now the physical world is pretty well known to us, in its external
aspect, and has ever furnished the real basis of all language.—A word, like
any other bouse, is built upon an earthy foundation.
Similarly, too, the excursions of the mind (so intimately concerned with
all our activities) have furnished us with a clearly-marked set of terms.
But in regard to wisdom, there has been too little of that abroad to
stamp itself firmly upon our language,—or at least to induce grammarians
and other classifiers to associate together as of one class, or in any way
related, such words as "why," "try," "buy"; the ideas underlying these
words are not sufficiently well understood by mankind.—They are like
plants which have but just put their leaves above ground and appear very
dissimilar; children call them different, and only the Gardener is aware
that when more grown the plants will bewray their common stock.
* *
This, it seems to me, is the real reason why our Mutable Sign table
appears unsatisfactory. It is not (I think) (hat the words " why " and " try "
are wrongly placed in antithesis, but that the truth of the real antithesis
actually existing between these words has not yet been generally sensed by
the users of language, and therefore seems unlikely,—much as would an
unsuspected relationship suddenly discovered between two strangers.
I am strongly inclined to think our Table should follow the same plan
as the others, and have words that rhyme for the Airy, Fiery and Earthy
triplicity. I hope some clearer-sighted person than I am will come to my
aid and help me in this matter, f suggest "buy " for Virgo.—After what my
friends have said to me I really will not say " dry " !
# * * *
I feel sure that students will find a fruitful field in the zodiacal classifi-
cation of words after this fashion. Language must follow the course of
evolution, and hence in simple and ancient words such as the relative and
interrogative pronouns it must surely be that we can trace the subtle,
impersonal, metaphysical, living ideas that are perhaps the best representa-
tives to us of the real meaning of the zodiacal signs—better, at any rate,
than words of concrete things like "house" and "table" and "dog" and
" cat."
* ❖ *
I note " C. de la T.'s" query on p. 548 regarding names, and will
endeavour to deal with it next month.
F. Z. L.
 ®ljf £abtaral anb ^planetarg Stmperanunts"

(Series)

VI. THE SIGN LIBRA

(Concluded from p. 518)

We have now come to the end of our material, thus grouped as

naturally and consecutively as such a heterogeneous assortment
admits of. It remains only to collect our ideas and to endeavour to
synthesise them into some concrete definite form, which shall
crystallise, as it were, our conception of the purpose served by Libra
in a more or less cosmic sense. This may perhaps best be done by
means of an analogy borrowed from the phenomena of acoustics.
We are told that the Universe originated in Sound, and it is therefore
fitting that to Sound we should turn for instruction.
Libra in the Zodiac or Ecliptic marks that point where the Sun
41
crosses the line," the Equator, from North to South. Neptune
has been mentioned in connection with this sign, and it is on crossing
the line that sailors pay tribute to the Ocean God.
The annual course of the Sun, when referred to the Equator,
assumes the form of an crt. This is exactly the path taken by a
particle in a vibrating string during one complete vibrationf ; and
we have therefore in Libra the complete analogy to what is termed
the *' Node " in a vibrating string such as that of a violin or piano-
forte. It is by placing the finger on such a *' node " that a violinist
produces what are termed harmonics. And it is of interest in this con-
nection that this very word node is employed by astronomers to
denote that point where the orbit of a planet crosses the ecliptic, or
other plane of reference. So that Libra is in fact the Sun's descending
node on the earth's equator.
Now if we study the course of a particle setting out from the
• Noxa.—The first article of this series. "On the Meaning of Temperament."
appeared in Modern Astrologv for April, p. 154, and to this the reader is invited
to refer for certain introductory remarks explaining the purpose of this series.
t That is, if the string be sounding the octave of its prime. The significance
of this point may be seen later.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 563
fixed end of a vibrating string, we shall find that it first of all moves
away towards one side of the central line of the string, reaches a
maximum distance therefrom,—which we may term its tropic or
turning point—returns back towards the centre and reaches the
" Node." After which it passes to the ot)ur side of the central line of
the string, where a complete ' reflectionj' of the first process ensues,
till at last the particle—or rather the movement, for the motion is
transmitted from one particle to another, undergoing a series of
incarnations as it were until at last the movement returns to its
source, to be again sent forth in due time. So that the whole path
traced out might be represented by a figure-of-eight, so:—00. The
diagram here appended will make this clear.*

Could we find anywhere a more beautiful analogy of the pilgrimage

of the Ego in its cycle of incarnations, gaining ever fresh experience
and contributing ever fresh music to the Cosmic Symphony ?
The analogy is extremely close, and will bear a great deal of
study. Starting at Aries, the experiences are destined to unfold the

* The following explanation of the diagram may be acceptable. Tbelargest

of the three curves shows the course of the vibration in a free open string, (such as
the noteGon the violin), the vibration starting from T and, as shown by tbearrow,
proceeding along the thin plain line to T (■&). whence it returns by the dotted
nne through (W) to (T). This shows the root note or "fundamental."
The thick line shows the course of the vibration when the harmonic octave of
this G (Gi as it is termed by musicians] is sounded, and bere the " node " is plainly
seen at ^ ; it is /it's curve about which the writer is speaking chiefly, and it is this
which corresponds to the Ecliptic, as may be seen from the explanation given in
Chapter I. 01 Astrology Jor All, Purl II.
The smaller dotted curve shows the next octave. G3, from which it will be seen
bat both Gi and Gj, and in fact all octaves (except the fundamental G], have their
nodes at the centre, a; which is thus a point of " union " in a strictly accurate
sense. Note bow the diagram as a whole suggests the lips, the characteristically
Libran feature.—Trans. Sec.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
powers of the soul in one direction, namely the development and
perfection of the personal qualities, strength (T), stability (y),
flexibility (n), tenacity (se), will (Sl,)> discrimination (■njj),—all personal
or individual attributes tending to the good of the Ego as a separated
unit. Then comes the Node, Libra, where all these various qualities
are to be blended and harmonised so that they may be used, not for
the further accentuation of the separated self but for the upliftment
of humanity as a whole; to which end, the sacrifice—(sacrifice in its
true sense of making holy, or whole)—of the personality is demanded.
Here is the key to the whole pathos of Libra ; what it has won,
that it must renounce—must, or further progress is impossible. This
is the true marriage, the marriage of the personal self with first the
individual or enduring self, and finally, the marriage of the Individual
or separated Ego with the All-Self.
This illustration of the vibrating string throws light not alone
upon Libra, but upon the zodiacal pilgrimage as a whole. Those
who study the phenomena of wave-motion tell us that in the middle
of the wave, between the starting-point and the node,—corresponding
therefore to Cancer,—there is the maximum of movement, or in other
words seitsation ; here the air particles are all in violent motion to and
fro, their paths or orbits are of the largest, but,—the change in density
is nil. In other words, the air particle is moved about, tossed about,
but is not stirred internally : it lives upon the Great Wave, the Great
Life does not live in it. But at the node, on the other hand, the
motion is nil, yet the change of density is at a maximum. Every
thrill, every harmonic or sub-tone of the string passes through the
node and affects its consciousness, as it were; but no outward sign is
visible, for it shows no movement. Here all the oscillations are
internal, the flow of the life is felt, rather than the bombardment of
the form.
If a little tin soldier be balanced upon such a node in a
vibrating string, (on a "cello, for instance) it will remain unmoved,
whereas if it be placed between two such nodes it will be thrown off.
This helps us to realise how complete is the outer stillness of Libra.
But if an analogous course of experiments be pursued in an organ pipe,
by moving a taper up and down in it, there we find that it is between
the nodes that the taper is free to burn, but that at the nodes the
variations in density are so great as to subject the flame to violent
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 565
disturbance, sometimes even extinguishing it altogether. This surely
helps us to realise the internal strain and stress to which the Libra
temperament is subjected—the lantern of the outer body may be
motionless, but the inner flame of the soul is blown hither, and thither
in an agony of tremors.
Both Aries and Libra may be termed signs of sacrifice, both
symbolise the crucifixion—for it is by the cardinal points that the Cross
is fixed, and it is on the cardinal cross that the cardinal virtues are
learned. But in Aries the sacrifice is that of the God seeking earthly
consciousness; desiring to have experience of matter, he foregoes the
joys of the divine world to taste the sensations of the material world—
and straightway he becomes blinded by matter. The sacrifice of
Libra, on the other hand, is of a far more subtle character ; having
lived, endured and conquered in the world, the fruits of that mastery
are now to be resigned at the very moment when their possession and
perfect understanding has become the possibility of ministering
satisfaction to the full!
But the Libran has heard the call: " Friend, come up higher."
For the Vibrating String can vibrate not only throughout its
length, but through half its length, producing vibrations twice as
rapid, consciousness doubly keen. To do this a "node" must be
formed through which only the higher vibrations can pass, rejecting
the slower and lower ones. And such a node is Libra. If this node
can be maintained, the octave can be produced, and as violinists know,
when once fully started by the finger, the node will maintain itself
without further aid. But it is necessary to supply that aid at first by
external means.
May it not be that this little phenomenon throws some light upon
the occult teaching given in the Secret Doctrine* that the Spirit of
Venus " adopted the earth . and loved his adopted child so
well that he incarnated as Ushanas and gave it perfect laws, which
were disregarded and rejected in later ages"? Elsewhere we read
that Divine Men came from Venus and implanted in man the spark
of the human intelligence, Manas, which but for their compassion he
could not have evolved unaided until a very much later epoch.

• Vol. U., pp. 35, 36. (Third Edition.)

566 MODERN ASTROLOGY
There is one point which ought to be touched upon before con-
cluding. In our previous treatment of Aries, Scorpio and Taurus, by
way of contrast the distinguishing virtues and vices of each sign were
given, with a hint as to the real cause of each. As regards Libra,
however, so far we have merely treated of the virtues of the sign, for
which each writer seems to have a high regard; while anything else
to be noticed in relation to this sign has been mostly treated as an
amiable weakness, rather than as in any sense a vice.
This is not quite fair to the other signs, and it betrays perhaps
too great a tendency to regard Libra merely from a personal point of
view and to neglect any tendencies which do not show out immediately
as obvious evils from the standpoint of the onlooker. For we must
remember that to the Divine sight what may strike the human
observer as an amiable weakness may appear vastly otherwise, and
may be productive of greater evil in the long run than much more
openly recognised faults. Consider, for instance, the unwise affection
of Kings James and Charles for favourites, and the consequent evil
resulting to the nation.
It becomes then necessary to search for the vices of Libra—
(surely a sufficiently high compliment to the sign, this !)—since they
do not appear on the surface. We shall find the Ten Commandments
a guide.
These ten commandments, if carefully studied in connection
with the signs from Aries to Capricorn, will throw a flood of light
upon the nature of these signs—that is, if the Commandments are
read with an eye to the inner or real meaning, rather than the outer
or obvious meaning.
The seventh commandment runs : " Thou shall not commit
adultery."
It seems very difficult to associate this commandment in any
actual lively sense with the refined, pure-minded sign Libra. Hiram
Butler has some very cogent remarks upon the real meaning of the
word adultery, in his little book entitled Practical Methods to Ensure
Success, and he illustrates his meaning by a story which carries its
own lesson and shows how much wider an acceptation should be given
to the word than is usually accorded to it.
Those wishing to pursue this point are referred to the book
quoted, for the ideas there put forward cannot fail to prove enlightening.
 THE ZODIACAL AND PLANETARY TEMPERAMENTS 567
Briefly, it may be said that the true meaning of adultery is
compromise, and in re-phrasing the commandment thus, " Thou
shall not compromise " we at once lay a finger upon the weak spot in the
Libran character. " Thou shall not compromise with thy conscience,
thou shall not compromise with thy duty, thou shall not compromise
with thy love." In the case mentioned by Butler the compromise
was with love.
Two things need to be made clear at this point. First as to
the nature of compromise. The sense in which the word is here
used is not that in which it is used in the epigram " humanity is a
compromise between a god and a beast." No, it is in the sense that
a "compromise" is a hybrid, a resultant from the forced union of
two elements which were not intended so tounite,and is consequently
a sin against that very law of harmony which to preserve is the
aim and ideal of the Libran devotion.
When we reflect upon this, we see how serious—fo the Libra
person—is any tendency to compromise. A compromise, being of
hybrid origin, cannot but be sterile in performance. This truth can
be illustrated over and over again from the archives of politics. No
government, no ruler, no statesman that has pursued a policy of
compromise has achieved success. And from this we learn that the
Libra person who wishes to make real progress must steadfastly
eschew all forms of compromise. (He will know in his own mind
readily enough, what constitutes "compromise" in the sense here
intended.) This must be done, or progress is not merely stopped but
decay sets in from that moment.
But in the second place, let us not suppose that Libra as a rule
enters into compromise lightly. No. And that is just the pathos of
it. Torn between opposing desires, or conflicting ideals, or diverse
conceptions of duty, the temptation to compromise becomes cruelly
keen and well-nigh irresistible.
This temptation to compromise, in the same sense, no other sign
can ever know, and therefore when we feel disposed towards indigna-
tion at any such tendency on the part of Libra let us emulate the
sympathyand compassion, not less than the wisdom and delicate tact
shown by a Master on a certain historic occasion.
The story shows us not only how the Master himself acted when
faced with the temptation to compromise, but also how he dealt with
568 UODBRN ASTROLOGY
one who had failed to pass unscathed through a like ordeal. (St. John,
viii.)
3. " And the scribes and Pharisees [-mk and ni.] brought
unto him a woman taken in adultery; and when they had set her in
the midst,
4. "They say unto him, Master, this woman was taken in
adultery, in the very act.
5. " Now Moses in the law commanded us, that such should be
stoned : but what sayest thou ?
6. " This they said, tempting him, that they might have to
accuse him. But Jesus stooped down, and with finger wrote on
the ground.
7. " So when they continued asking him, he lifted up himself,
and said unto them, He that is without sin among you, let him first
cast a stone at her.
8. " And again he stooped down, and wrote on the ground.
g. "And they which heard, being convicted by conscience, went
out one by one, beginning at the eldest, unto the last: and Jesus was
left alone, and the woman standing in the midst.
10. " When Jesus had lifted up himself, and saw none but the
woman, he said unto her, Woman, where are those thine accusers ?
hath no man condemned thee ?
11. "She said, No man, Lord. And Jesus said unto her.
Neither do I condemn thee: go,aiuisitt [that is, compromise] mmore.'

[The next article of this Series will be " The Venusimi Temperament."]

Fame is what you have taken,

Character's what you give;
When to this truth you waken,
Then you begin to live.
Bayard Taylor.
 Rational ^atrologg

It is a somewhat curious coincidence that at the commencement

of the astrological year the Sun's entry into Aries (2i/3/'o9) should
denote trouble to the present Government through finance; the ruler
of the second house, Venus, the money planet, being in the twelfth,
the house of sorrow. It is also significant that Venus should be in the
Scorpio decanate of Pisces, and Scorpio on the eighth house—fore-
shadowing the death of the Government through the Budget. It is
also a strange coincidence that the next quarter should bring
Mercury to the cusp of the second house, ruling monetary affairs, and
then produce a square aspect of Mars, (ruler of the solar ingress),
again from the house of sorrow, and now denoting loss of friends;
and to add to the strain, Venus, natural ruler of the second, is in
opposition to Uranus, and square to Saturn, again from the house of
sorrow !
It is, however, surely more than a coincidence to find at the
autumnal ingress Saturn exactly upon the cusp of the second, in
square to Uranus from the house of sorrow, in opposition to Mercury
ani in parallel to Venus at the solar ingress. Is it not remarkable that all
this should coincide with the trouble the present Government are now
in over the Budget, so much so that an appeal to the country is now
the only course open for them ?
This however does not end the series of coincidences, for at the
close of the year at the Sun's entry into Capricorn Venus again rules
the second and is again in the twelfth house !
The second house in Mundane Astrology, as is well known,
governs the wealth of the nation, and the revenue.
When those who take upon themselves the government of a
nation understand the laws that govern that nation, they will be fit to
rule. For they will then know how, and when, to bring forth new
laws.
Winter Quarter, Son enters Capricorn
{December 22nd, 1909, It.20 a.m., London)
The eighth degree of Pisces rises. The Sun is in the mid-
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
heaven in trine to the Moon on the cusp of the second house. This
indicates a fair degree of strength for the Government and of financial
prosperity for trade and the country in general ; for the Moon is
quite free from bad aspects. But the most important position in the
map is the conjunction of Mars and Saturn in Aries in the As-
cendant, in opposition to Jupiter in the seventh, in square to Mercury
and Uranus in the eleventli and to Neptune in the fifth. These are
very serious afflictions and indicate a very disturbed and unfortunate
state of the country and, indeed, of the whole world, more or less.
The year is likely to be noted for revolutionary changes and dis-
turbances attended, in some parts of the world, with violence and
bloodshed. With so many planets in cardinal signs earthquake
shocks are likely to be severe and attended with loss of life, chiefly
when these planets in cardinal signs are ill aspected, especially by
the Sun or Moon. Volcanic eruptions, the falls of buildings, and
accidents in mines will also he heard of. Mars and Saturn in Aries
afflict England and Germany heavily. Uranus in Capricorn is still
afflicting India as in previous years; and Neptune in Cancer disturbs
Africa. Jupiter in Libra will benefit Austria and perhaps Japan,
causing auspicious changes, although it is not possible to expect too
much from this because of the heavy afflictions Jupiter receives.
With Jupiter in the seventh house in trine to Venus, our foreign
relations should be satisfactory and probably some new friend or ally
be secured and a commercial treaty or entente cordiah be arranged
during the quarter. The marriage rate should increase. Hospitals,
almshouses and charitable institutions will benefit from the presence
of Venus in the twelfth house.
The eleventh house is badly afflicted by position and aspect, so
that proceedings in Parliament are neither smooth nor prosperous,
and the Government is not likely to make much headway here. Bye-
elections will continue to go against them, and there may be splits and
dissensions amongst Liberals and also amongst Labour Members.
The conjunction of Mars and Saturn is serious. It indicates
disturbances, discontent, dissensions, possibly riots in different parts.
There will be a good deal of crime, outrages, and very bold robberies,
murders and suicides in the country.
 57r

Jl Piston of ^agittartus
I awoke while yet it was dark, and the scheme of things was
clearly impressed on my brain. The vision I brought back with me
was well-defined and instructive. It marked an epoch in discernment,
as does always the flashing of an innate truth. In my vision I was a
horse, and keenly did I appreciate all the feelings of that animal;—the
pride of the arched neck, the pressing strength of the hindquarters,
the elegant and fastidious action of the forelegs, the dilated quivering
nostrils of apprehensive fear scenting for danger in the air, all my
body wrapt in an ecstasy of delight in nervaus tension, yet each part
of it vibrating with a nature peculiar to itself. But I was a nebulous
horse. The various parts of me seemed to be but an aggregate of
particles bathing in an atmosphere fraught with an emotional nature
all its own,—neck, forelegs, nostrils, back—each quality specialising
its own part, but all welded together into one organism, which I
recognised as horse. And a right good horse I made, too. But as I
looked and watched and admired, the knowledge trickled in that I
was man, a thinking being cogitating over and discriminating between
part and part, yet never forgetting the collective whole. And thinking
thus, the natural parts gave way to aspects of thought. No longer
was I horse—yet bearing the memory of it—but a collection of
mental aspects that made up my being as a thinking man. I did not
think in form as in the case of the horse, but rather in attitudes of
mind. Then these, again, were transcended. Now I knew myself
as a pervading Consciousness in which all these aspects of mind were
the subjects of observation. All were related, each to each, but all
were merely looked upon; while / remained.
And then, I hit upon a truth. I was only horse because I thought
I was, likewise was I man because I thought I was. AH incarnation
seemed to be the result of becoming imprisoned as it were in a thought.
And then I reached beyond. " And what am I," I asked myself,
" from whom all thoughts proceed. Am I a god ? " I looked within.
The strain became too great and I slipped into nothingness.
The sign of Sagittarius (my rising sign at birth) is depicted by
a figure half horse, half man, called the Centaur. He holds aloft<a
well-drawn bow with arrow poised ready for flight. He it is who
aims at the Centre and never misses his mark. Sydnev H. Old.
 572

X 3Fr£nclj IKork on Aatrologji

Preuves et Bases de L'Astrologie Scientifique ; methodes,

applications, consequences psychologiques, discussions diverses. Par
Paul Flambart (Ancien Sieve de I'Ecole Polytecbmque, Paris, Biblioiheque
Chacornac, n, Quai Saint-Michel. Prix 3 francs).

This book is a sort of inventory of all the positive facts collected

by the author after prolonged research, and the study of some
thousands of nativities. It is claimed that no serious attempt has yet
been made to refute logical conclusions arrived at by astrologers as
a result of careful experiment, and 1 negateurs qnand mime' are requested
to find answers to the following queries.
1. Why does nature, from among the 35,064-0 J-hours in a year
during which a child could be born, frequently choose just that one J-hour
which gives the maximum of resemblance between the child and some
near relation ?
Compare, e.g., the nativity of Alphonse XIII. of Spain with that
of his son.
2. Why, among 100 people displaying a pronouncedly philo-
sophic mind are there 77 whose natal figures show an aspect between
$ and 5, whereas this 'aspect occurs in only about 50 per cent, of
ordinary cases.
3. Why, in a death figure, is the planet found to be in
conjunction with the © three times as often as in an ordinary figure ?
4. Why is it possible, given a ' typical personality,' and the birth-
day, to determine the exact hour at which that personality must have
come into manifestation ?
5. How is it that, given the dates and hours of birth, an
astrologer can distinguish without hesitation between two individuals
in the same family, one of whom enjoys sound health, while the other
is afflicted with a broken constitution and career ?
The writer proceeds to show that the modern incredulity with
regard to Astrology is really a negative credulity: after discussing the
views of Flammarion and Bouch6-Leclercq he gives us an interesting
 A FRENCH WORK ON ASTROLOGY 573
account of Luc Gauric, a distinguished prelate and astrologer who
enjoyed the patronage of sevaral XVIth century Popes.
As one important proof of astral influence, stress is laid upon the
prominence of the airy signs in the nativities of men of great
originality or intellectual power, whether in science, art or philosophy.
M. Flambart claims to have collected the ascendants of several
hundreds of those who may fairly be thus classed, and almost all of
whom were born under one of the airy signs or—it is important to
note the modification—with extension on either side of over the
signs njj and NX.
The other five signs, we are told, possess very few ascendants of
men of genius {d'esprits supcrieurs) and these signs always have for
compensation brilliant marks of another order. A long list of
examples is given, and the author appears to establish a good case in
proof of his thesis, making it seem that influences from the airy signs
go for much in the mental make-up of distinguished intellects.
Interesting information is also given on the signs ruling the mid-
heaven in the cases quoted.
We learn, besides, that out of the 123 instances specially named
not one contains the D posited in nx, whereas the other eleven signs
are distributed fairly equally with regard to this position. It would
thus appear that nx, though excellent as a rising sign, is (intellectually)
the worst position of all for the Moon.
The frequency with which ? is found in a cardinal house among
those reputed to be "open-minded" or "intelligent," is also instanced.
To prove that ' death does not come to man at random'
statistics are given of the transits of I? and <J over the 0 of the nativity
in cases of death.
Comment is also made on the frequency with which the nativities
of military men show an aspect between 5 and <J .
All those sufficiently interested to study the methods of this
industrious author are invited to examine them for themselves in this
and other volumes* to be obtained at the Bibiioth^que Chacornac.
A. T.

" It is only when one is thoroughly True that there can be purity and
freedom. Falsehood always punishes itself."—Auerbach.
" Influence astrale. Langage astrale. Etude nouvelle sur Theredite.
 574

" ^iar of ?S£tl;l£lj£m."

To understand the narrative of the Magi's visit to Jesus, we must

remember that they were the very Masters of Astrological Lore. Persia
and the surrounding Oriental countries were the fountain-head of Astro-
logical Teaching. And these Magi were Masters, and Adepts, and
Hierophants, and consequently knew all that was known to the greatest
schools of Astrology of that day. Much of their Ancient Astrological Lore
has been lost to the race of to-day, but to these ancient learned men it was
as much of a science as chemistry and astronomy are to the learned ones of
to-day. The Magi bad long waited for the appearance and reincarnation of
a great Master of Masters, whose appearance had been predicted centuries
before by some of the great Occult Fathers of the Mystic Orders, and each
generation hoped that the event would come in his day. They had been
taught that when the event took place, they would he informed by means of
the planets, according to the Higher Astrology. All students of even our
modern fragmentary Astrology will understand this. And so they waited
and carefully scanned the heavens for the sign.
Now the traditions of the Occult Orders inform us that at last the Magi
witnessed a peculiar conjunction of planets; first, the conjunction of Saturn
and Jupiter, in the constellation of Pisces, the two planets being afterward
joined hy the planet Mars, the three planets in close relation of position,
making a startling and unusual stellar display, and having a deep astrological
significance. Now, the Constellation of Pisces, as all astrologers, ancient
and modern, know, is the constellation governing the national existence of
Judea. Seeing the predicted conjunction of the planets, occurring in the
Constellation having to do with Judea, as well as the relative position of
the other planets, all of which played its part in the observation, the Magi
knew two things, i.e., (i) that the birth of the Master of Masters had occurred ;
and (2) that He had been born in Jtulea, as indicated by the constellation
in which the conjunction occurred. And so, making the calculation of the
exact moment of the conjunction, they started on their long journey towards
Judea in search of the Master of Masters. Now, again, the records of the
Astrologers, preserved in the Oriental Occult Brotherhoods, in their
monasteries, etc., show that at a period a few years before the Christian
Era such a peculiar conjunction and combination of the planets occurred in
the Constellation symbolising the destinies of Judea, which was interpreted
as indicating the appearance of an Incarnation or Avatar of a Great Divine
Soul—a Master of Masters—a Mystic ol Mystics. It must he remembered
that these Orders are composed of non-Christians, people that the average
Christian would call " heathens," and that therefore this testimony must be
regarded as free from bias towards Christianity or the corrohoration of its
legends. And, in the third place, the calculations of Modern Astronomy show
without possibility of contradiction that in the Koman year 747 (or seven
years be'ore the Christian Era) the planets Saturn and Jupiter formed a
conjunction in the Constellation of Pisces, and that these two planets, still in
close position to each other, were joined by the planet Mars in the Spring of
748. Thegreat astronomer, Kepler, first made this calculation in the year
1604, and it has been since verified by modern calculations.
From Mystic Christianity, by Yogi Ramacharaka.
 575

lEeltets to the (Bbitor

Letters of general interest only are inserted. Writers of signed articles are
alone responsible for the opinions contained therein. Correspondents desiring
reply must please enclose a stamped addressed envelope.
All correspondents should give full name and address, not necessarily for
publication, but as a token of good faith. Where any topic of a controversial
nature is the subject of comment, it is expected that differences of opinion will be
expressed courteously, and all offensive personal references avoided.
Note.—Will Correspondents please remember (t) that all communications
should be written upon one side of the paper only; (2I that planetary positions, as
well as birth data, should always be given where possiDle; and (3) that information
should be put as concisely as is compatible with clearness ? Neglect of these
considerations causes many otherwise valuable letters to be excluded from these
pages.
Letters are inserted at the earliest possible opportunity, but are sometimes
unavoidably held over through lack of space.

Remarkable Confirmation of an Astrological Prediction

Dear Sir,
I have strangely accurate confirmation of the prediction
made concerning a Horary Figure I sent to you some time ago asking
your judgment concerning the marriage of sisters-in-law. Your refer-
ence number is 10x968 and the figure was drawn up for the time and
date that I was most anxious about the subject and most strongly
impelled to erect it, vt>., ii/i/'oj, 2-20 p.m., local time, Colombo,
Ceylon. The planetary positions being as follows :
Houses
X. XI. XII. I, II. III.
b 15.4 1114 0512 ,1112.23 HJII
Planets
0 D S f J 2/ >? ill <1'
T9.30 -29.41 K 18.4215. =28.3 f 29.19 052.46 K 20.21 KS 12.35 sag.32
Question:—Are my sisters-in-law likely to marry, and if so, which one
first ? The eldest is already married, and of the four left the next eldest is
coming out to me here.
Answer:—They will certainly marry : the figure is very radical, and it is
the sister-iii law you are most anxious about who is likely to marry first.
From the position of the Moon, in a year and eight months the marriage
should take place and through this marriage another should quickly follow.
The first sister-in-law who came out to me became engaged on
October 10th, 1908, and was married December 9th, the same year,
3.30 p.m., Colombo, making the year and eight months almost
exactly.
 MODERN ASTROLOGY
The youngest and fifth sister-in-law came out to us October, 1908 ;
she became engaged on her way out to a man from Burma and left
us March, 1909, being married at Burma on March 18th, 1909, at 4
p.m. The first one married is short and very dark, with thick dark
hair, large dark eyes, somewhat thin nose and small rather thin-lipped
mouth ; the face is long with wide brows and pointed chin. The
youngest is of medium height, strongly and stoutly built, with fair
hair, brown hair, hazel eyes, sunburnt fair skin and round face.
It is to be noted that the figure shows reference to more than one
person, as Mars, significator of the 9th house, is in a double-bodied
sign, and' going from one sign into another, which shows leaving
home—which is true as three left home in one year. Two left in
September, 1907, one for Colombo and one for work in India. The
youngest left September, 1908.
It will be interesting it students could trace all the sisters-in-
law on the map. 1 should say that when a figure is so radical and
refers to more than one person, it can be done.
You asked me to tell you the results of your prediction, and I
think you will find them interesting.
20, Colpetty, Yours sincerely,
Colombo. Beatrice Pagden.

"How to Read the Cards": An Apology

Sir,
In republishing my article " How to Read the Cards,"
which appeared in the Astrologer's Annual for 1909, I had no idea that
1 might be laying you open to ihe unpleasant imputation of plagiarism.
I therefore write to say that the booklet was only thought of and
designed after the appearance of the article in the Annual, and was
only issued between Christmas, 1908, and the New Year. 1 will take
this opportunity of pointing out that in the Annual I left the choice of
a " nom de plume " to you, whereas in the booklet I have signed my
own name, Maud Nickson.
1 hope that my carelessness in not having consulted you on the
subject of the booklet as 1 ought to have done at the time will not
cause any trouble.
Believe me. Sir,
Yours truly,
November stk, igog. M. Nickson.
[It is quite clear that Miss Nickson acted in perfect good faith, and we
are thereiore pleased to publish this explanation, which will prevent any
possible misunderstanding. It is not everyone who is aware that the
copyright of an article published in a magazine is henceforward vested in
the publisher of the said magazine, and not the author, who renders himself
liable to an action for infringement of copyright if he republisbes it without
permission.—Ed.]
*** Other letters held over.
 577

tlefmna |ni)«

TO

VOL. Vi., NEW SERIES (XX., OLD SERIES)

Hole /h compiling this Index the intention has been to facilitate reference to all matter dealing with any
given subject. The headings here given, therefore, are rather indicative of the purport of Ike articles than mere
literal copies of their titles; in some cases they refer to notes which either bear no lilies at all, or such as are not
entirely descriptive of their contents. Brackets indicate passing references, or corrections, which should be
looked up. Subjects indexed under the same heading are arranged, not alphabetically, but in the order of their
occurrence in the volume.
Anything not found in this Index should be looked for in the Table op Costents at the beginning of
the volume. For names of people, see also under " Horoscopes."
Readers are requested to refer to the Urn "Corrigenda " at the end of Contents and to make the
etnendalijns necessary.
AGooo Idea;—181, 336, 383, 525. Appel, Dr. Louise C. 1—344 (438). (S25)-
A Modern Spinoza ;—443. Aquarius:—(no); Ruler of, 291; humour,
A SOGGESTED EMENDATION I—243. 361. 557: and Rimmon. 378 ; and the ques-
A Tryst with Christ ;—[poem), 548. tion what ? 143. 406. 462, 558.
A Unique Record ;—529.' Aries;—(176). 224; and Great Britain. 231;
Adepts. Hierarchy of ;—334. and America, 232; and Scorpio contrasted,
Adultery, Meaning of 366, 567. 568. 306 ; person. 358 (406); humour, 360. 556.
Affinity. Sexual :—see Attraction. Aries and Libra contrasted ;—565.
Airy Signs;—and the questions why? where? Ascendant and Descendant;—(poem), 476;
what ?, 143, 558. of London, 490.
Akbar ;—(536). Ascendant as Representing the Physical
Aleph ;—(103). Body ;—157.
Allen Upward;—(141). Aspects, Planetary:—General Investigation
Alphabet, Hebrew;—103. of the Influence of:—477.
American Idiosyncracy 362. Astrological ;—l-ectures, 195, 424 : Nomen-
American Presidency, re . —179. clature. 2S1 : Class suggested, 285 ; Society,
Americans ;—Under Gemini or Aries? 232. the, 2S9, 292. 433,542 ; Aphorisms, 337, 436 :
An Adverse Criticism :—241. Will Case. 338, 385; "doubles," 383, 384;
Ancient Monuments, and their Signifi- special study, groups for, 288. 435 ; Bread of
cance :—518. Life, 329; Cause Celcbre, 549. ,.
Anecdote "Competition " ;—(Stories illus- Astrological Guild, A Students' ;—193.
trating the sense of humour possessed by the Astrological Society. The;—289,-^2, 433.
different signs of the Zodiac], 339, 403, 431, Astrological Society of Bombay:—Mr.
461, 499, 556. J. T. Chitanis. founder of, 258.
Anglo-Saxon Race ;—a magnificent oppor- "Astrologer, The Modern" ;—424.
tunity offered to, 539. Astrologers,Amateur :—asensiblesuggcstion
An Encouraging Letter :—{see Encourag- for. 181. 336.
ing). " Astrologer's Annual " : — discontinued,
Anomaly. Explanation of an ;—235. 4«5-
Antichrist ;—(287). Astrology ;—in Chaucer and Gower, 161 ;
Aktivaccination ;—525. popularising, 181: and Karma, 182: and
Antivivisection :—League for. 525. Science (186); Names. Numbers, and, 188;
Aphorisms;—337, 436.. and " Truth," 239 (246), 525 ; in the Encyclo-
Apogee and Perigee:—Influence of, 299. padic Dictionary, 241 ; M, Salomon Reinacb
See Note above.
 REFBRINCE INDEX
Astrology—eon tinned
on, 245; Royal Commission on, 318; and
the Press, 239, 246, 424 (425), 525; many
ways of studying, 462 ; "no time to study."
462, 499; Occult, 481 ; Statistical, 572.
Astrology, A Master op :—152.
Astrology, Horary :—venus Natal, 338. 481,
482; 552.
Astrology, Modern :—see " Modern Astro-
logy."
Astrology, Mdndane 84,128.132. 489,569.
Astrology, Natal :—versus Horary. (S«
Horary.)
Astrology, National ;—see Astrology. Mun-
dane.
Astrology no longer classed with Fortune
Telling ;—531.
Astrology, Physical Foundations op ;—
See Contents. See also 45. 47. 113,288(291).
Astrology, Practical:—(1). (98); [review), 144.
Atom, Permanent :—(182).
Atropos ;—56.
Attraction, Sexual, Instanceof;—401,402,
404, 460; and tnundantpositions, 460.
Acm :—related to Taurus. 366.
Aura, The ;—519.
Authors and Copyright ;—576.
" Autocrat of tub Breakfast Table :—373
(ref. p. 130 for O. W. Holmes).
Aztec Calendar ;—540.
Aztec Zodiac Stone :—540.
Bacon, Lord:—(536).
Bessie Leo 223: Writings Appreciated. 525.
Beethoven ;—a reincarnation of ? 545.
Bethlehem, The Star of;—574.
Blavatsky, H. P.; an outline of her life;—
[trjiew) 382.
" Blindfold " ;—(see Delineation).
Boyle, Robert ;—(536).
Browning ;—versus Tennyson. (558); Carlyle
on. (558).
Bull ;—John Bull.
Calamities :—see Disasters.
Calendar of Aztecs;—540.
Cancer ;—humour, 361. 500, 558 ; and " Per-
sonal Rights" (444); and Jeremiah, 463.
Capricorn ;—humour. 268, 361, 557.
Cards, How to Tell the;—(286), (576).
Carlyle :—on " Sordello," 558.
Centenary Year, a Remarkable ;—130.
Century. Last Quarter of Each ; —Reform
Movements in. 536.
Character and Fame ;—568.
Character, as we Understand it ;—(182).
Character is Destiny ;—5.
"Charubel" ;—(123. 130). 144, 1S0.
Chaucer and Astrology :—161.
See Note on p. 577.
Chitanis, Jiwan Trunbax :—an Indian Astro-
loger. 258, 525.
Chopin :—184, (195), 255.
Christ, A Tryst with ;—548.
Christ, Second Coming of :—341.
Christian Science :—135.
Circle Ratio, and Hindu Cycles:—44, 92.
Clotho ;—56.
Coincidences:—A suggestion r<, 177; 190';
222: relating to numbers, 502; relating to
names, 555.
Coincidences, numerical ;—in Astronomy,
305.
Colour and Sound ;—16. 86.
Co-Mason, The;—(review), 186.
Comet ;—Halley's, 170; Are comets " thought-
forms" ? 223.
Commandments, The Ten, and the Signs of
the Zodiac;—(566).
Common Signs ;—see Mutable Signs.
Comparisons are Odious :—245.
COMPETITIONS, PRIZE;—particulars of.
42. 124, 220, 358, 459.
An Appreciative Letter;—220; see also
361, 362. 404.
A Failure ? ;—441.
A New Departure ;—59, 206, 441.
A Novel Feature 1—44 i.
Letters from Prize Winners;—96. 191,
336, 430-
Recommendations, etc., 73, 94. 95, 96, 345,
455. 456. 485-
Result of:—58, 204. 344, 441.
Compromise ;—567.
Contents ;—For Table oj Contents see at
beginning of book.
Copyright ;—576.
Corrigenda :—see end of Contents, at beginning
of volume.
Criticisms ;—two sensible. 217. and the reply,
218, 219: another. 239.
Cupid:—(108), (109).
Cycles ;—Hindu and Circle Ratio. 44, 92.
Dauphin, The Little (Louis XVII. of
France);—409.
Dawn ;— (in. at foot).
Dawn of a New Age ;—339.
Days of the Week, Influence of the :—486
Death by Drowning ;—463.
Death, What was the Cause of ?;—85.
Declination, Parallels of 295.
Delineation; — a "blindfold." (51), 117
(see also Horoscopes).
Destiny :—and character. 5.
Dickens and Jacobs :—497.
Directions:—bad and present effort, 3, 196;
Placidean, 73.
Disasters:—mine. 127.
 REFERENCE INDEX
Divination by Cards :—286. (376).
" Dodblbs," Astrological ;—384.
Draconis y .—131.
Dream, Day ;—543-
" D. S. WlNDELL " :—291. 320.
Dwarts ;—179.
Earth and Vends, relation of :—565.
Earth's Sdrface, Unddlation of :—246.
East and the West, The .—247.
Ecliptic. Obliquity of the :—rtf. Pole.
Education ;—useful hints on (320).
Ego;—Descent of the (150); temperament of
the. 152.
Electricity :—Notes on, 295.
Emotion and Action 440.
Encouraging Letter, An ;—432. (also 330.
461. 528, 575).
English :—see John Bull,
Epoch, Pre-Natal : —(152).
Equinox, The :—(revi«tu). 426.
Eros ;—(108).
Errata ;—See end of Contents, at beginning of
volume.
Euclid and the Zodiac:—319.
Exact Value of Solar Aspects:—520.
Fame and Character 568.
Fates :—the Three. 56.
Fixed Signs :—191, 277 ; ref. Zodiac.
" Fools rush in " ;—529.
Fortune-Telling not Astrology :—531.
Freemasonry: — and Taurus. 369; [rej.
" Co-Mason.")
French Work on Astrology :—572.
Friend, The :—[foem), 43.
Fundamental Truths;—530.
Gamma Draconis ;—131.
Gemini ; —(105); and Chrislian Scientists. 13s
(footnote); 268; 331; humour, 268, 499.
500. 501.558; and St. Paul. 463: and the
question why? 558. Ref. Mutable Signs.
German Idiosyncracy ;—362.
Gower :—161.
Great Britain and Abies •.—{231); see John
Bdll.
Had Ye Faith . . . :—245.
Hamlet and Pisces ;—266.
Hebrew ;—alphabet (103).
Heredity, Problems of :—78.
Hindu :—Cycles and circle ratio. 44. 92.
Horary Astrology :—s« Astrology.
Horoscope ;—Behind the, 145 : " living up to,"
146; "How far has the native evolved?"
i
47.
Horoscope. The Progressive Constant:—
{review), 427.
See Note on p. 577. ,%
579
Horoscope, Trahscekdino the 183.
Horoscopes:—an interesting, 7: unusual
parentage (Smyth-Pigott), 15; Mme. Stein-
neil, 50: Arthur Mee, 58 ; Sultan of Turkey,
83;. Georg Szelle, 88; business troubles,
90; poetical gifts, 93; G. R. S. Mead (98):
Mrs. Besant (98); Sir Isaac Pitman, 117
(146); Poe, Mendelssohn, Lincoln, Darwin,
Fitzgerald, Blackie, Kinglake, Tennyson,
O. W. Holmes. Gladstone (130); Jerome K.
Jerome {132) ; Browning (136); Shelley
(137) ; Anarchist, 140; Allen Upward (141,
143 footnote): " Charubel" {144), 180;
Nelson, Wellington, Marlborough, Frede-
rick the Great (166): Remarkable Instance
of Lunar Influence. 169; two dwarfs, 179:
Chopin, 184 (195). 255: Frederic James.
Mus. Bac., 204 ; two conirast Aries horo-
scopes, 229; Marie Lloyd (270); " D. S.
Windell." 291. 320: Violet Charlesworth,
320; Imre Kiralfy {291); Dutch Princess.
302; Dr. Louise C. Appel, 344: Harry
Lauder, 379; Another Human Document,
398 : Little Dauphin (Louis XVII.), 409:
Edward H. Harriman, 425, 485; Reader
Harris. K.C., 440 ; J. H. Levy, 455; W. W.
Jacobs. 461, 462 ; Death by Drowning. 463 ;
illustrative of Libra, 510, 511 ; Backhaus,
the Pianist, 544.—See also first PRge of each
instalment of " Signs of the Zodiac Ana-
lysed " {vide Contents).
Horoscopes:—"Test Horoscopes." Value of,
93-
Humour and the Zodiac ;—268, 269. 359,
405. 431. 461. 499. 556.
Idealism .—ref. New Word.
Incarnation, Manner of:—182.
Inconsistency of Astrologers:—406.
Initiation, The Way op:—{review], 2 ; Mrs.
Besant's opinion, 3.
Intercepted Signs 160.
" Irish Bulls " and Taurus :—417.
Isis :—132. 335. 418.
Jacobs, W. W, :—405.405.461.462. 463, 557; a
student of Astrology ? 463, 497 ; and Dickens,
497 ; why an Aquarian, 498.
James, Mr. Frederic 204.
Jerome K. Jerome ;—132 {at foot).
John Bull and Taurus :—415. (and Aries.
231); idiosyncracy, 362.
Juno :—it.
upiter:—9, 10, etc.; force exercised by, in
1907, 419; Tables of, 420, 422; influence,
when strongest, 477, 479.
Jupiter and Saturn :—437.
 REFERENCE INDEX
Karma:—threefold, 53: Law of, as revealed
by Astrology. 182 : Our Spiritual Food. 183.
Kepler an Astrologer :—551 : his horoscope
of Wallenstein, (551).
Kiralfy, Imre :—(291),
Kisses, Fatal ;—428.
Kriyamana Karma ;^52.
La Place's Error ;—(270).
Lachesis 56.
Lear, King :—10.
Leo :—humour. 360.556; and luiividualiit (444):
aud the Night-Watchman, 462, 463. 497, 556;
and David, 463; and sovereign contempt.
497-
Letter, An Encouraging :—432.
Levy, Mr. J. H.;—455.
Libra :—(107); and sunset (109): 464, 503, 562 ;
Sun in Libra, 511: and Saturn, 515; and
the
I
Nidanas, 517; and the question isAirr 7.
43. 558; Key to the whole pathos of. 564;
the vice of. 566; and Neptune, 472. 562
{Ste also Temperament.)
Lire;—a definition of. 100.
Like. Inner and Outer :—100.
Lipika:—54.
Literature:—Astrology in, 161.
London's Ascendant :—490.
Luc Gauric ;—(573).
Luckless Youth :—285.
Lucky and Unlucky Days ;—178,
Lunar Influence:—Remarkable instance of.
169.
Lunatics and Large Feet (375).
" Maffra," A Suggestion by :—384. (459).
Magnetism:—Notes on. 295.
Many. The, and the Onf. ;—483.
Marie Lloyd :—270.
Mars:—306 : signalling to. 318.
Mass;—real meaning of the word, as applied
to planets, 35; astronomical and electrical.
38; attractive force not due to mass alone.
75: Earth's astronomical and electrical
mass compared. 125.
Master Demand, The;—(ivtufui). 42S.
Mediocrity follows Mediocrity : -242.
Mee, Mr. Arthur;—58 (424), (551): two
" Mr. Arthur Mee's," 70.
Mercury and "Open-minded "People ;—573.
Mermaid, The Little;—as illustrating the
sign Libra, 465.
Mine Disasters :—127.
Mis-fits. Human ;—(151).
"Modern Astrology":—new address. 1;
new offices, 49: result of Plebiscite. 112:
useful and paying subscribers. 176: readers
who benefit, 22a ; an opinion of, 330, 432.
See Note on p. 577. .%
Moirae or Parcab: Clotko, Lachesis and
Atropos; The Three Fates :—56.
Monad, The :—(149).
Monochord, Mundane:—19.
Moon as Representing the Psychic
Nature :—157.
Moon, Influence of the:—407, 408 (f</.
Perigee and Apogee).
MOON Lore :—333 ; 407 (I) ;
Mundane :—monochord, 19: Astrology, set
Astrology. Mundane.
Mundane Positions and Sexual Affinity:—
460.
Music and Astrology :—22.
Mutable Signs ;—559, 560.
Mythology :—(9), (56). (108).
Names from Nowhere :--528.
Names, Numbers, and Astrology :—(s«
Astrology).
National Charts :—489. 490. 493.
National Idiosyncrasies ; —362
Nativities:—S« Horoscopes.
Negative Credulity- :—(572).
Neptune:—91, igo, 260, 261, ct seq. Re/. Sound.
Neptune and Libra :—472.
Neptune and Uranus : —(s« under Uranus).
New Word. The:—(review), 141.
Nidanas, The (as illustrative of the Zodiacal
signs) :—226. 277, 377, 517.
Node :—meaning of the word. 562 ; Sun's
descending. 562 ; in a vibrating string, 562 ;
diagram illustrative of. 563: in an organ
pipe. 564.
Nomenclature ;—279.
" No Time " to Study Astrology :—462.
" Now "—The Important Moment :—298.
Nowhere :—Names from. 528 ; News from
[see Contents).
Nowhere. News from ;—(see Contents).
Numbers : —Names and Astrology (str
Astrology): coincidences relating to, 502.
" Number ok the I3east " :—287.
Obiection Considered and Replied to
282.
Observatory, The;—appreciated, 2; (see
Table of Contents).
Old Lamps for New ;—243.
One, The, and the Many :—483.
Oppositions and Con junctions: —480 (/oohiofe).
Orpheus ; (The Art Movement of the
Theosophical Society) ;—(review), 526.
Parallels of Declination :—295.
Paris and Virgo :—165.
Peer Gynt, The Fantasy of ;— (review), 380.
" Pendulation " ;~-397. 408, re/. Pole.
Perigee and Apogee:—Influence of, 299.
 REFERENCE INDEX
" Pbrmanent Atom " :—i8j.
Person:—What do we mean by "an Aries
person." "a Taurus person," etc.. 358. 406.
Peter. St. ;—12.
Pet Phrases of Zodiacal Signs:—176. 334,
335-
" Phantastes " :—as illustrating Libra. 468.
Phonography :—(123).
Pi and Hindd Cycles :—44, 92.
Pickwick :—497.
Pisces :—(14S), 259, 291. Re/. Mutable Signs.
Planetary Inpldence:—accepted by scien-
tists. 532, 533; less than Sun's, 533 and
footnote.
Planets:—sound, and colour, 16; forces act-
ing between two, 172 ; Two New (hypotheti-
cal). (ultra-Neptunian). 300. 301, 429. («/.
Isis, Vulcan, etc.); Forces of. methoa of
calculating, 322; Aspects, investigation of,
477-
Planets as Representing Mind:—157.
Plebiscite :—result of. 112.
Plotinds ;—(539).
Pldto :—9.
Polar Expedition ;—425.
Pole, Coal near the ;—269. 270. 397, 408.
Pole, has the. Shifted ?—270. 397. 408.
Pole, the Sodth ;—425.
Popdlarising Astrology;—(177). 181.
Practical Health ;—(rfvieta), 187.
Prarabdha Karma :—52.
Prayer, A;—{poem), 203.
Prediction Verified :—(555), 575.
Preuves et Bases de L'Astrologie Scien-
tipiqde :—(review), 572.
Prize Competitions :—see Competitions.
Prodigy, Musical :—88.
Psyche :—(108).
Pdrsder. The ;—(poem), 488.
Puzzle: Find the Self:—482(486).
Qdincdnx Aspect:—influeDCeof, 69.
Race, A New Root-;—536; (re/. Sixth Race) ;
Anglo-Saxon, a great opportunity offered to,
539-
Reincarnation :—of Beethoven ? 545; rapid
reincarnation, 545, footnote.
Repdblishing of Magazine Articles :—576.
Reviews :—see Contents.
Rimmon :—and Aquarius, 378.
Ripe Karma :—55.
Rose by any Other Name:—244.
Rosenkredtz, Christian ;—(536).
Royal Commission on Astrology;—318.
Rubinstein:—(545).
Ruling Signs of Towns and Countries:—
489.
See Hole on p. 577.
581
Sagittarius :—8,79. 133, 287; humour, 361.
461,501.557; a vision of. 571. JJr/.Mutable
Signs.
Sam Weller;—497.
Sanchita Karma :—52.
San Francisco —493.
Saturn and Jupiter :—437.
Saturn and Karma :—57.
Saturn, in Libra Horoscopes :—-505. 515.
Saturnine Methods ;—434.
Scale, Musical:—22.
Scientists Accepting Planetary Influ-
ence :—532.
Scorpio (176), (191). 271; and Surgery,
273; and Aries contrasted, 306; humour.
361. 500, 501.557-
Scorpio-Uranians:—97.
Self, the :—Puzzle. Find it, 482 ; a Guide to
the study of, in the Selves, 486.
Self-made People;—horoscopes of, 6; ref.
Sir Isaac Pitman, Harry Lauder, J. H. Levy,
wider Horoscopes.
Sermon, A sound, Material for :—560.
Seventh House :—in Prize Competitions, 95.
456.
Sex Problem, The: —147. 333; (401).
Shorthand :—(123).
" Shoold They Marry ?" :—291.
Signs of the Zodiac :—See Zodiac. See olso
Contents.
Signs, Intercepted :—160.
Signs, Ruling;—489.
Sine qua non, The ;—(336).
Sixth Race ; Sixth Sub-Race :—340. 359.
Society, Astrological, The :—See Astrologi-
cal.
Socialism in Being:—{251, footnote).
Solar Aspects :—Exact Value of. 520.
Solar Research, Transactions of the I.U.
for Co-operation in :—(review), 185 : [com-
pare 389. 496].
" Sordello " 501. 558.
Sound and Colour :—16. 86; (and Neptune,
123}; 221.
Sound Related to Neptune : — (123) ;(345).
Spinoza, A Modern :—443.
Star of Bethlehem, The;—574.
Statistical Astrology :—(572. 573).
Steiner, Dr. Rudolf:—195.
Study, Groups for Special :—435.
Success, Nothing succeeds like ;—529.
Sun, The :—(185); as a centre of vitality.
389 ; a planet ? 391, footnote; 496 ; composed
of negative electrons, 496 ; ref. Solar.
Surgery and Scorpio ;—273.
Sutcliffe's Articles, Mr.:—45, 288 (496).
Swindlers, Two :—320, 321.
Symbols ;—teaching by, 97 ; illuminating, 146:
rr/. Zodiac.
 REFERENCE INDEX
Tamar Cdrzb ;—(nviiw), 428.
Taoros :—(176), (191); 366. 411; and nail-
biting, 212: and " ciphering," zi2 ; humour,
360.556; and Free-Masonry, 369: and Golden
Age, 371; and the Nidanas, 377 ; and (ohn
Bull, 415 ; and Irish "bulls," 417; ana the
Buddha, 418.
Teeth ;—and Uranus, 171.
Temperament :—149 ; Zodiacal and Planetary
(see Contents); oi the Monad, 149; of the
Ego (152).
Temperament and Character ;—(182).
Temperament, The Meaning op :—155 ;
'Abstract' Temperament, 159; Melan-
choly, etc., 162.
Tennyson versus Browning :—(558).
The Way of Wisdom:—(103).
Theosophical Review, The ;—98.
Thbosophical Society. The: — The Art-
Movement of, 526; What is, 534; corres-
ponding to a " home mission," 535 ; primary
and secondary objects of, 537: opportunities
offered by, 537.
Thorooohlv Revised and Corrrcted !:—241.
Thooght as Limitation :—(571).
Three Main Things ;—292.
Tierra del Fdegians ;—(251).
Tolstoy a story from. 198, 199.
Towns and Countries, Ruling Signs op : —
489.
Troubles; where they go to ;—153.
"Truth " Newspaper, on Astrology 239,
246. 525.
Truths, Fundamental :j53o.
Tsong-kha-pa (536).
Turkey, Sultan of :—83.
Types :—zodiacal, 158.
Ultra-Neptunian Planets;—{re/. Planets).
United States :—493.
Uranians :—(340).
Uranian Methods 434-
See Note on p. syy
Uranus:—in Scorpio, 97; and teeth. 171;
handiwork of, 319.
Uranus and Neptune :—53. 54; omitted from
Isaac Pitman's horoscope, 118; opposition
of (148).
Valuable Opinion, A:—330.
Venus and this Earth :—565.
Virgo;—said to rule Paris. 165; birth-stone
for. 336. 431 ; humour, 361. 461, 500. Sot.
557. Rtf. Mutable Signs.
Vision. A :—of Sagittarius, 571.
Vitality, The Sun as a Centre op ;—389.
Vulcan, the Planet ;— History, Nature.
Tables (review), 381 ; 524.
Wallenstein :—Kepler's horoscope of. 551.
Wanted ;—Birth-Times, 240.
Washington ;—493.
Weather ;—74. 338. 410.
Week, Days of the. Influence of the ;—486,
Where They Went To :—{poem), 153.
White Brotherhood :—534.
Year with 18 months !—540.
Zadkiel :—(549).
Zeus :—see Jupiter.
Zodiac and Humour (see Anecdotes) : and
Euclid, 319 : and pet phrases, 176, 354, 335.
See also Aztec; Airy; Mutable; Nidanas;
Signs ; etc.
Zodiac,Degrees of the, Symbolised:—corroborated,
124. 130 ; (144):
Zodiac, Signs op the :—(see Contents); ref.
148, and see also under Aries, Taurus, etc.;
in Rhyme, 98 ;
Zodiacal and Planetary Temperaments
154, 224. etc.
Zodiacal Types :—principal and sub-types,
158; "pet phrases." 176, 334, 335 ; what is
meant by a pure type, 227 ; in fiction, 462,
497-
0%