Professional Documents
Culture Documents
/DWHVW-XUDVVLFWR(DUO\%DUUHPLDQFDUERQDWHV\VWHPVIURPWKH
8QLWHG$UDE(PLUDWHVWR2PDQ
5HJLRQDOVWUDWLJUDSKLFDUFKLWHFWXUHDQGFRQWUROOLQJIDFWRUV
'XULQJWKH/DWH-XUDVVLFWKHHDVWHUQPDUJLQRI2PDQZDVDIIHFWHGE\DQXSOLIWUHVSRQVLEOHIRUDQ
LPSRUWDQWHURVLRQRIWKH-XUDVVLFVHULHVLQWKH2PDQ0RXQWDLQV7KLVWHFWRQLFPRYHPHQWPD\KDYH
FDXVHG WKH UHVWULFWLRQ RI WKH SODWIRUP DQG WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI HYDSRULWLF V\VWHPV $UDE $ % &
PHPEHUVDQG+LWK)RUPDWLRQLQWKHVWLOOVXEVLGLQJ8$(GRPDLQ7KHSURJUHVVLYHZHGJHRIWKHVH
XQLWVWRZDUGVWKHHDVWFRXOGEHUHODWHGWRWKLVXSOLIW)LJXUH
$ UHYHUVDO RI WKLV WLOWLQJ DQG UHJLRQDO VXEVLGHQFH LQFUHDVLQJ WRZDUGV WKH HDVW VWDUWHG LQ WKH /DWH
7LWKRQLDQ ,Q WKH 8$( WKH VXEVLGHQFH OHG WR WKH GHYHORSPHQW RI WUDQVJUHVVLYH V\VWHPV 0DQLID
)RUPDWLRQDQGWKHQWRDWKLFNDJJUDGDWLRQRILQQHUSODWIRUPGHSRVLWV+DEVKDQ)RUPDWLRQZKLFK
JUDGHWRZDUGVWKHQRUWKWRRROLWLFSODWIRUPPDUJLQGHSRVLWV+DEVKDQRROLWHDQGWKHQWRFRQGHQVHG
IDFLHVDWWKHWRHRIFOLQRIRUPV0HQGHU*ODXFRQLWHVHHDOVR*UpODXGHWDO7KHVHLPSRUWDQW
PRYHPHQWVXSOLIWDQGVXEVHTXHQWVXEVLGHQFHDUHLQWHUSUHWHGDVUHODWHGWRWKH3URWR,QGLDQ2FHDQ
RSHQLQJPHFKDQLVPVRQWKHHDVWHUQPDUJLQRIWKH$UDELDQ3ODWHGXULQJ/DWH-XUDVVLFWLPHV
$IWHU WKLV PDMRU ÁRRGLQJ HSLVRGH WKH FDUERQDWH SODWIRUP SURJUDGHG WRZDUGV WKH QRUWKHDVW RYHU
VHYHUDOKXQGUHGVRINLORPHWHUVEHWZHHQWKH0LGGOH%HUULDVLDQDQGWKH0LGGOH9DODQJLQLDQ8QWLOWKH
0LG9DODQJLQLDQWKHFOLQRIRUPVDUFKLWHFWXUHZDVPDLQO\FRQWUROOHGE\HXVWDWLFVHDOHYHOYDULDWLRQV
ZKLFK SUHVHQW KLJKIUHTXHQF\ ÁXFWXDWLRQV RI DOWHUQDWLYHO\ ORZ DQG KLJK DPSOLWXGH ,Q WKLV ODWWHU
FDVHYDULDWLRQVRIWKHRUGHURIKXQGUHGVRIPHWHUVDUHLQWHUSUHWHGDVWKHUHFRUGRIDJOREDO´LFHKRXVHµ
FRQWH[WGXULQJWKH/DWH%HUULDVLDQDQGGXULQJWKH(DUO\9DODQJLQLDQ)LJXUH'XMRQFTXR\
)LJXUH6FKHPDWLFRUJDQLVDWLRQRIWKH/DWH-XUDVVLF²(DUO\&UHWDFHRXVVHTXHQFH
IURPWKH8QLWHG$UDE(PLUDWHVWR2PDQ
Shu’aiba
1500
Abu Dhabi (subsurface) Kharaib
1000
Offset: 0 10,000 30,000 50,000 70,000 90,000 110,000 130,000 150,000 170,000 190,000
GR GR GR GR GR GR
0 60 0 60 0 60 0 60 0 60 0 60
Lekhwair
0
500
Tamamah F,G,H
500
0
Habshan
1,000 m?
Rayda F
Hith
ite
Glaucon
Mender
Arab A, B, C
1,500 ?
$EVWUDFWVRI/DWH-XUDVVLF²(DUO\&UHWDFHRXV6\VWHPV$UDELDQ3ODWH
Arab D
Thickness (feet)
Hanifa
2,500
Tuwaiq Mts
3,000
3,500 Araej
Sequence II Sequence III Sequence V Sequence VII Sequence VIII Sequence X Sequence XII Sequence XIV Sequence XV
?
?
100/150 ms TWT
Sequence VI
10 km
100/150 ms TWT
A
+
Time
- A
C - Accommodation curve
Middle to Upper Berriasian? Upper Berriasian Lower Valanginian Upper Valanginian (1)? Upper Valanginian (2)?
Major RSL fall1 Major RSL fall2 Major RSL fall3 Major RSL fall4 Major RSL fall5
~35/50m ~80/100m ~100/150m ~50/70m ~50m
A
s
ru
47
a
ar
n
am
a
k
Kh
di
is
m
2
ka
ya
ad
ec
er
ai
ni
d
m
ra
isn
wa
am
u’
re
lM
a
lim
Ba
M
S
He
i
iH
Hu
iS
ba
i
iB
iM
sa
di
di
u
ad
a
ad
a
ad
Ja
ad
ad
ad
Al
M
Wadi Al Assyi
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
W
15 km 45 km 80 km 30 km 30 km 3 km 2 km 2.7 km 2 km 1.25 km 4 km
log Gamma ray
Profil
d'érosion
Madar 1 650
Ma106
Ma105
Ma104
640 56 56
Dolomitisation et bioturbation
Ma103
H
MST Lower Kharaibavocette
Top lekhwair
Ma102 29
Top lekhwair
29
HB-8
Ma100 630 G
MaL41
MaL40
MaL39 55 55
Bioturbation maximale
Ma99
MaL38
MaL37
MaL36
MaL35
MaL34
MaL33
MaL32
Sb5 54
54
Top Lekhwair
Sb5 28
28
545
Ma98
MaL31 620 27
300 HB-8
Ma97
Ma96
Ma95
MaL29
MaL28
MaL27
MaL30
MaL26
MaL25
F
F2
F2
53
53
26
27
25
540
HB-7
Boundstone 535
HB-7 MaL24 25
MaL23
Sb5 Ma91
Ma94
Ma93
Ma92
Sb5 MaL22
MaL21
MaL18
MaL17
610 F1
52
F1
52
24
24 530
Recessif 51
51 23 525
Ma90 Alt, Mst/Grst, Supra, intertidal
HB-7 Ma89
Ma88
Ma87
600 E/F
Rst
550
Sb5 50
50
22
23
HB-7 520
300
50 22
21
515
VI-4 Ma85
Ma86
HB-6 590 E
49
petits cycles
510
400
Habshan
Ma84 505
Ma83 Perf, Fe; HG
Ma82
580 48
Ma81
18
500
47 18 500
Ma80 17 497
46 L6
m w p g
250 Ma79
Ma78
HB-5
570 D max bioturb=condensation
650
17 f
+
VI-3 16
16
L5 15
Ma77
Ma76
560
45
perf
perf Fe/HG L5
640
HB-5 15
Formation 250
Ma75 44
VI-2 550 500 14
Ma74
43 C3 14
Ma73
HB-4
( )
Ma72
42 13
540 Karst 13
Ma71 41 L4
350
12
Ma70 40
C2 12
VI-1 Ma69
530
200 HB-3
39
C1
HB-4 11
11
450
Mst vide 10
Ma65
Ma64
520 Fe
10
Ma60
Ma59
Ma58
Ma57
Ma56
Lekhwair Formation 510 37
36
Fe
Fe Fe
L2
8
8
9
Ech 23
Ech 22
Ech 22
200
Ma55 35 11
Ma54
V-2 500 11
Ma53 HB-2 B
34 GST ¥¥
Ma52 7
Ma51
L1
Ma50 33 7
Ma49
490
Ma48
Sb1 Sb3 V-1 Ma47
Ma46
Ma45
Ma44
Md43
32
L1 m w
6
6
300
Ma42
5
480 31 FST
150 Sb2 HB-1
H31
A
30
chenal tidal L0
10 L3
HB-3 5
400
29 10 4
470
VH-2
Ma40-41
Sb3 Sb4 H-5
18
Sb4 3
4
Qz 2
H37
Ma39 460 17
Ma38
Sb
H36 2
16 350
Ma37 1
H35
Ma36
H34 15
VH-6 4 1
150
Sb
Ma35
450 1
Ma33
Ma34
VH-4 H-4
H33
H32
H31
13
14
9
9
1
5
H30
440 520
12
Ma32
H29
H28
250
Ma31
H27
11
Ma30 510
H26
100 Ma29
Ma28
H25
H22
H24
H23
10
350
H21
Ma25
Ma26
VH-3 H20
H19
H16
H13
H18
H17
H15
H14
8
VH-5
7
H12
H11
H-3
H10
H9
H8
H3
H4
H7
H6
H5
300
100
H2
TB VH-1
H1
3 8
HB-2
2
50 1
BV Ma23
VH-2
200
Ma22
50 Ma21
Ma20
270
Ma19
300
Sb1 Ma15
Ma14
HB-1 250 250
50
Ma13
Ma12
6
Ma11 H-2
Ma10
ech Q7
0m BV
Ma9
Ma8
VH-1 ech Q9
ech Q6
150
Ma7
Ma49 ech Q5
G
Ma6
Ma5
V-2 Ma48
G
250
Ma4 Ma47
Sb0 Ma1
Ma2
Ma3
Sb3 Ma46
ech Q8
0m
Ma45
du Lias
M W P G B
Ma40
100
H-1
Sb
V-3 Ma39
200
Sb 5
Ma38 4
Ma37
150 150 150
Turn
Ma35
50
Ma34
150
Ma33
100
Ma32
MaSII32
13
Sb3 100
Ma31
12
Facies Zones
11
Sb4
132,8 Ma30
0
100
Ma29
MWP G Sb4
Ma28
Salil Fm VH-3
Ma27
10
50 50
Ma26
Ma25
Inner lagoon
$EVWUDFWVRI/DWH-XUDVVLF²(DUO\&UHWDFHRXV6\VWHPV$UDELDQ3ODWH
Ma24 8
Oolitic shoals Ma23 7
1 +2 Sb1+2+3
50
144 Ma22
Sb m 0 0
Ma18
Sb0 yd 0
Ma17
Ma16
Ma15
M W P G
Habshan Fm
Ma14
Ra
Ma13
Ma1
Ma8
Ma7
?
Ma6
Ma5
Ma4 Ma4
Ma3
lagoonal rudist patches Ma2
Slope
Lekhwair Fm
Sb1+
Microbial-oncoid ramp 2+3
2
Hemipelagic/
Salil Fm
Turbiditic Basin
Hemipelagites
OUTCROP DATA - JABAL AL-AKHDAR
Rayda Fm
Sequences set TB: Late Tithonian - Mid Berriasian - Seq. set BV: Late Berriasian - Early Valanginian - Seq. set V : Valanginian - Seq. set VH: Late Valanginian - Hauterivian -
Seq. set HB: Late Hauterivian - Early Barremian
)LJXUH'HWDLOHGDUFKLWHFWXUHRIWKH(DUO\&UHWDFHRXVFOLQRIRUPVLQWKH2PDQ0RXQWDLQVEDVHGRQRXWFURSGDWD1RWHWKHSXUHSURJUDGDWLRQDO
ORZDQJOH FOLQRIRUPV GXULQJ /DWH 9DODQJLQLDQ DQG +DXWHULYLDQ UHODWHG WR WHFWRQLF IRUFLQJ VHTXHQFHV VHWV 9 DQG 9+ DQG WKH DJJUDGDWLRQDO
SURJUDGDWLRQDOKLJKHUDQJOHVLJPRLGFOLQRIRUPVGXULQJ/DWH+DXWHULYLDQWR(DUO\%DUUHPLDQUHFRUGLQJDVWDJHRIUHJLRQDOVXEVLGHQFHVHTXHQFHVVHW
+%
$EVWUDFWVRI/DWH-XUDVVLF²(DUO\&UHWDFHRXV6\VWHPV$UDELDQ3ODWH
'XULQJ WKH /DWH 9DODQJLQLDQ²(DUO\ +DXWHULYLDQ D UHJLRQDO XSOLIW ORFDOO\ DVVRFLDWHG ZLWK QRUPDO
IDXOWLQJZDVUHVSRQVLEOHIRUWKHVXEDHULDOH[SRVXUHRIDODUJHSDUWRIWKHSODWIRUPDQGIRUWKHGHYHORSPHQW
RIIRUFHGUHJUHVVLYHZHGJHVRQLWVPDUJLQORFDOL]HGDWWKLVWLPHLQWKH2PDQ0RXQWDLQVDUHD
,QWKLVGLVWDOGRPDLQRIWKH$UDELDQ3ODWIRUPWKHLQLWLDOVWDJHRIVXEVLGHQFHWKDWRFFXUHGGXULQJ/DWH
7LWKRQLDQDQG%HUULDVLDQLVUHFRUGHGE\KHPLSHODJLFPXGVWRQHFRUUHVSRQGLQJWRWKH5D\GD)RUPDWLRQ
7KHVHPXGVWRQHVZHUHGHSRVLWHGXQFRQIRUPDEO\RQWKH/RZHUWR0LGGOH-XUDVVLFIRUPDWLRQVZKLFK
DUH PRUH DQG PRUH HURGHG WRZDUGV WKH HDVW RU QRUWKHDVW LQ UHVSRQVH WR WKH /DWH -XUDVVLF XSOLIW RI
WKH HDVWHUQ 2PDQ PDUJLQ 7KLV UHODWLYHO\ WDEXODU WUDQVJUHVVLYH XQLW ZDV GHSRVLWHG EHORZ D ZDWHU
GHSWKRIDSSUR[LPDWHO\P7KHWRSRIWKLVXQLWLVPDUNHGE\DVXFFHVVLRQRIFRQGHQVHGKRUL]RQV
ZKLFK UHSUHVHQW WKH GLVWDO HQG RI WKH /DWH %HUULDVLDQ²0LGGOH 9DODQJLQLDQ SURJUDGLQJ FOLQRIRUPV
UHFRJQL]HGLQVXEVXUIDFHGDWDLQWKH,QWHULRU2PDQDQGLQWKH8$(
7KHRYHUO\LQJXQLWGDWHGDV0LGGOH²/DWH9DODQJLQLDQWR(DUO\%DUUHPLDQZDVIRUPHGE\DQRYHUDOO
VKDOORZLQJXSVXFFHVVLRQZKLFKVWDUWHGZLWKVORSHEDVLQFDUERQDWHGHSRVLWVPDGHRIPRUHRUOHVV
DUJLOODFHRXV PXGVWRQH 6DOLO )RUPDWLRQ RYHUODLQ E\ JUDLQ\ RU ELRFRQVWUXFWHG SODWIRUPPDUJLQ
GHSRVLWV+DEVKDQ)RUPDWLRQ7KHVHGHSRVLWVDUHRUJDQL]HGDORQJH[WHQVLYHORZDQJOHFOLQRIRUPVRI
WRPRIDPSOLWXGHWKDWUHFRUGDSXUHDQGRUIRUFHGSURJUDGDWLRQRIWKHV\VWHPXQGHUWHFWRQLF
FRQWUROWRZDUGVWKHQRUWKHDVW)LJXUH/HEHF
7KLVWHFWRQLFHYHQWHQGHGGXULQJWKH+DXWHULYLDQ,WZDVIROORZHGE\DSKDVHRIUHJLRQDOVXEVLGHQFH
ZKLFKFRQWUROOHGWKHWKLFNDJJUDGDWLRQDQGVORZHGSURJUDGDWLRQRIWKHSODWIRUP,WLVUHFRUGHGE\WKH
GHYHORSPHQWRIODUJHVLJPRLGFOLQRIRUPVVWHHSHUWKDQWKHSUHYLRXVRQHV7KLVUHJLRQDOVXEVLGHQFH
DOORZHG WKH SUHVHUYDWLRQ RI H[WHQVLYH ODJRRQDO GHSRVLWV /HNKZDLU )RUPDWLRQ EHKLQG WKH ZHOO
GHYHORSHGRROLWLFEDUULHU+DEVKDQ)RUPDWLRQ'XULQJWKH/DWH+DXWHULYLDQWRWKH(DUO\%DUUHPLDQ
WKLVODJRRQDOGRPDLQFRYHUHGWKHSUHYLRXVO\H[SRVHGSODWIRUPIURPWKH8$(WR2PDQ
,QGHWDLOWKLVSURJUDGLQJV\VWHPSUHVHQWVDWRXWFURSVDODUJHYDULHW\RIFDUERQDWHGHSRVLWLRQDOV\VWHPV
DQG FRPSOH[ JHRPHWULHV FRQWUROOHG E\ HQYLURQPHQWDO SDUDPHWHUV UHODWLYH VHDOHYHO YDULDWLRQV
WHFWRQLFV HWF 'XULQJ WKH /DWH 9DODQJLQLDQ PXGG\ FDUERQDWH V\VWHPV ZLWK PLFURELDO SURGXFWLRQ
DQGELRFRQVWUXFWLRQVZHUHGRPLQDQWIDYRUHGE\JOREDODQR[LFFRQGLWLRQV'XULQJWKH+DXWHULYLDQ
RROLWLFV\VWHPVGHYHORSHG'HSRVLWLRQDOJHRPHWULHVDQGHVSHFLDOO\WKHDUFKLWHFWXUHRIFOLQRIRUPVDUH
PDLQO\FRQWUROOHGE\YDULDWLRQVRIDFFRPPRGDWLRQSRWHQWLDO7KHRROLWLFDQGDVVRFLDWHGEDFNEDUULHU
UXGLVWULFKJHRERGLHVZKLFKFRUUHVSRQGSRWHQWLDOO\WRUHVHUYRLUVGHYHORSHGLQYDULRXVJHRPHWULFDO
DQGVWUDWLJUDSKLFDOFRQWH[WVPDLQO\GXULQJSHULRGVRILQFUHDVLQJDFFRPPRGDWLRQUDWH
7KHVWXG\RIWKLV/RZHU&UHWDFHRXVVHTXHQFHDWRXWFURSVSURYLGHVLQWHUHVWLQJLQIRUPDWLRQIRUWKH
LQWHUSUHWDWLRQ RI SURJUDGLQJ V\VWHPV LQ WKH VXEVXUIDFH DQG DOVR RQ WKH HYROXWLRQ RI WKH $UDELDQ
3ODWIRUPPDUJLQGXULQJWKH/DWH-XUDVVLF²(DUO\&UHWDFHRXV7KH/DWH-XUDVVLFDQG/DWH9DODQJLQLDQ
WHFWRQLFHYHQWVWKH/DWH%HUULDVLDQDQG(DUO\9DODQJLQLDQHXVWDWLFHYHQWVDQGWKH/DWH7LWKRQLDQ²(DUO\
%HUULDVLDQDQG/DWH+DXWHULYLDQ²(DUO\%DUUHPLDQVWDJHVRIUHJLRQDOVXEVLGHQFHDUHWKHPDLQFRQWUROOLQJ
IDFWRUVRQWKHFRPSOH[DUFKLWHFWXUHRIVXFKDKXJHDJJUDGLQJDQGSURJUDGLQJFDUERQDWHV\VWHP
5HIHUHQFHV
'XMRQFTXR\ ( $UFKLWHFWXUH VWUDWLJUDSKLTXH HW FDUDFWpULVDWLRQ UHVHUYRLU GHV V\VWqPHV FDUERQDWpV
SURJUDGDQWVGX&UpWDFpLQIpULHXUGX6XOWDQDWG·2PDQ(WXGHLQWpJUpHHQVXEVXUIDFHHWjO·DIÁHXUHPHQW
GXV\VWqPHSURJUDGDQW/HNKZDLU+DEVKDQ6DOLO7KqVHGHGRFWRUDW8QLYHUVLWp%RUGHDX[)UDQFHS
*UpODXG&35D]LQ99DKUHQNDPS'3RSD)$O.DWKHHUL39DQ/DHUDQG./H\UHU6WUDWLJUDSKLF
DUFKLWHFWXUHRIWKHODWHVW-XUDVVLF²(DUO\&UHWDFHRXVFDUERQDWHSODWIRUPV\VWHPRI$EX'KDEL8QLWHG
$UDE(PLUDWHV8$(($*()RXUWK$UDELDQ3ODWH*HRORJ\:RUNVKRS$EX'KDEL*HR$UDELD
DEVWUDFWYQRS
+DT %8 - +DUGHQERO DQG 35 9DLO 0HVR]RLF DQG &HQR]RLF FKURQRVWUDWLJUDSK\ DQG HXVWDWLF
F\FOHV ,Q &. :LOJXV %6 +DVWLQJV &*6W& .HQGDOO +: 3RVDPHQWLHU &$ 5RVV -& 9DQ
:DJRQHU(GV6HDOHYHO&KDQJHV$Q,QWHJUDWHG$SSURDFK6RFLHW\RI(FRQRPLF3DODHRQWRORJLVWV
DQG0LQHUDORJLVWV6SHFLDO3XEOLFDWLRQQRS
/HEHF$$UFKLWHFWXUHHWG\QDPLTXHGHVV\VWqPHVFDUERQDWpVGHODSODWHIRUPH&UpWDFpH,QIpULHXU
GX6XOWDQDWG·2PDQ&RUUpODWLRQVHQWUHGRQQpHVVLVPLTXHVHWG·DIÁHXUHPHQWV7KqVHGHGRFWRUDW
8QLYHUVLWp%RUGHDX[)UDQFHS