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The correct answer for each question is indicated by a .
1 CORRECT A/An ______ is used to introduce recombinant DNA into cells.
A)clone
B)PCR machine
C)probe
D)vector
E)antisense molecule

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2 CORRECT ______ are small accessory rings of DNA found in bacteria.
A)Plasmids
B)Probes
C)Restriction enzymes
D)GEMs (genetically engineered microbes)
E)Organoids

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3 INCORRECT ________ is used to produce gene copies in a test tube.
A)Exons and introns
B)Antisense DNA
C)Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
D)Ex vivo therapy
E)Angiogenesis

Feedback: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is used to

produce gene copies in a test tube.
4 CORRECT Making recombinant DNA is a process requiring __________.
A)restriction enzyme
B)DNA ligase
C)a vector
D)foreign DNA
E)all of the above

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______ enzymes cut a DNA molecule into discrete pieces at a
5 CORRECT
distinct cleavage site.
A)DNA ligase
B)Restriction
C)Vector
D)Polymerase
E)Antisense

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6 CORRECT ______ seal(s) any breaks in a DNA molecule.
A)Restriction enzymes
B)Polymerase
C)DNA probes
D)Plasmids
E)DNA ligase

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Transgenic bacteria can produce proteins they never produced
7 CORRECT
before.
A)True
B)False

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8 CORRECT Biotechnology products include __________.
A)insulin
B)human vaccines
C)human growth hormones and clotting factors
D)plants resistant to pests
E)all of the above

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Biotechnology can produce insulin and growth hormones in
9 CORRECT quantity from bacteria without harvesting the glands of animals or
humans.
A)True
B)False

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10 CORRECT PCR takes its name from DNA ______.
A)primer-copying ribosomes
B)probe complement reaction
C)protein complement reaction
D)DNA polymerase chain reaction
E)production of copies by restriction enzymes

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11 CORRECT PCR provides more copies of a gene than cloning.
A)True
B)False

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A critical breakthrough that made automated PCR possible was
12 CORRECT
______.
A)the discovery that bacteria did not use codons
B)a method to convert exons into introns
C)
the discovery of a temperature-insensitive stable DNA
polymerase in a hot springs bacterium
D)the use of atomic energy to produce the chain reaction
E)smaller test tubes

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13 CORRECT DNA polymerase needs primers to start the replication process.
A)True
B)False

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14 CORRECT PCR can create millions of copies of a single gene in a test tube.
A)True
B)False

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15 INCORRECT As a result of cloning __________.
A)multiple copies of a gene may be secured
B)the gene product may be retrieved
C)both multiple genes and gene products are produced

Feedback: As a result of cloning both multiple genes and

gene products are produced.
16 CORRECT A single gene can be copied using PCR.
A)True
B)False

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When the genome is treated with restriction enzymes, it produces
17 CORRECT a collection of different-sized sections that can be separated by
__________________.
A)PCR
B)restriction enzymes
C)gel electrophoresis
D)cloning

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18 CORRECT Biotechnology medical products include _______.
A)insulin
B)growth hormone
C)tPA (tissue plasminogen activator)
D)hepatitis B vaccine
E)all of the above

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DNA fingerprinting can only be used on cells from living specimens.
19 INCORRECT
Responses:
A)True
B)False

Feedback: DNA fingerprinting can only be used on any cells,

living or preserved, as long as DNA is intact.
20 CORRECT Transgenic organisms are organisms __________.
A)created completely in the laboratory
B)with a foreign gene inserted in them
C)crossed by the reproduction of animals of two different species
D)suffering from defective genes
E)
with their original genes removed and all new foreign genes
inserted in them
Feedback: Correct Answer
Bioengineered bacteria can be used to promote the health of
21 CORRECT
plants.
A)True
B)False

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22 CORRECT Genetic engineering can improve the ability of oil-eating bacteria.
A)True
B)False

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23 CORRECT Bacteria can be bioengineered to produce phenylalanine.
A)True
B)False

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Bacteria are being used to "mine" various metals from the ground
24 CORRECT
when the metal is in very low amounts.
A)True
B)False

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Organisms that receive DNA from sources outside their natural
25 CORRECT
species are called _______.
A)plasmids
B)transgenic
C)organoids
D)clones
E)vectors

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26 INCORRECT Bioengineered bacteria __________.
A)clean up pollutants
B)make gene products in huge vats called bioreactors
C)process minerals and produce chemicals
D)provide plants with insect toxins from other organisms
E)do all of the above

Feedback: Bioengineered bacteria clean up pollutants, make

gene products in huge vats called bioreactors, process
minerals and produce chemicals, and provide plants with
insect toxins from other organisms.
27 CORRECT Bioengineering can alter the phenotype of plants and animals.
A)True
B)False

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Because animal cells will not take up bacterial plasmids, they
28 CORRECT
cannot be genetically engineered.
A)True
B)False

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New biotechnology applications, such as corn resistant to insects,
29 CORRECT are breakthroughs that have been proven to pose no ecological
dangers.
A)True
B)False

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Gene therapy is a theoretical idea for replacing defective genes
30 CORRECT
with healthy ones but it has not yet been used.
A)True
B)False

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A/an ______ is used as a vector to carry normal genes into the
31 INCORRECT cells of a patient where they become incorporated into the
genome.
A)antisense molecule
B)plasmid
C)retrovirus
D)GEM (genetically engineered microbe)
E)DNA probe

Feedback: A retrovirus is used as a vector to carry normal

genes into the cells of a patient where they become
incorporated into the genome.
When research or medical procedures are done in an organism or
32 CORRECT patient rather than in tissue culture or test tube, it is called
_________.
A)genetic
B)realistic
C)in vitro
D)in vivo
E)malignant

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