Ideal gases

↑
20pection of a
gas (Molecules)
· Molecules are
Relatively for AWAY from eachoten

· Movement Random and

relatively fast
Smoke particle

Brownian motion is caused by The Random

smoke particles
motion
of The Surrounding gas particle

At Stp:/Mode of gas at Standard Temperature 20%

and Standard pleury /ATM = 100,000 pA
Contain 24 dm"

And The
Average Speed of 500ms"
gay
a =
Kinetic
particle Theory of pressure P= F
·
Particles Move Randomly, Collide with
other
particles, and the unner walls

of the Box
·
Particle Exert a Small face on The Wall
a
change in momentum

· The pleasure inside The Box

↳ The Mesut of The gree
Excerted on the wall

How Can we increase the

pressure
How To InCrean The
pleure: Increme face particle bit the wall
More frequent collision

· Increase Do
of Molecules That Hit The Walls (Eachside of The Box)
Decreasing Volume, Adding Molecules

· Increase T = Mor Kinetic Energy Sa THe molecules

- moe face by particle fitting The Walls (DMv)
-> More frequent Collisions

Pim we E

=nin, A
C
Temperature: 7(K) = + 273.15
3
vo lume ·In One male of Any substance
3 The Amount
of Treet
Amount of matters: Moles substance, containing
The same number of particles
↑Mole of contains: Kg
a
gas As Tale are m 0.012

said GrandPauline
: 600x102
C12
 The gas laws
Boyle's law

D.V =
Constant for a
fixed man

The pre Sun is in verse by

Proportional To It's volume

i
⑦
↳

v ↓
v
Q A G Sinder Contains 0.83 den3
of N2 gas of 1.2 ATR (IATM =
1.01 x105PA)
A piston Slowly Campeses the
gas( TO
a
preme of 6.0 ATM (T =)

calculate new volume

Pv=P2Vc
1.2.0.83Esdm"
 ↑zen we law Dress
To
me direct
Temperate
by pro pational

&
P ·
In cream in Collis one

Particle Higher KE
----------
·
Have
-> Force of Collision is Higher

73, 15% O
T
-

-
P -
Constant Use K!
T So T

Charles Law · lume and Temperat me

are directly proportional
p
V
Constant
F
=

T
 V: 143
The Combined law
-

Applied to
gas
A real gas P Constant i
a

Q 1 At Sea level The Presue= IATM Q R: <

A Bubble of Air 12m Below Scalevel
Has A Vo lume

Density Water =
of 1.13
1.2 Cm
8/cm
3 T
x 7.5x10

Calculate Volume
The
When it Reactles The
of The
Singale AiRBubble=P9X
*
= 1.40
ATM

At ROOM T(2002)
Q2 A bAlcoon, volume 0.75dm3, p=1. 1 ATM
as
put on a
greene -
150
The volume decreases to 0.44 dry"
Calculate the
pressure of the Balloon in Seeher
2.34x105 1.01 x 105. Uz
Q
P. V P2. Vz 1.2 x =
I =
V 1.6 =
cm
"

↳Atmospheric Plenme Pressure liquid:

1130.9.81
=

12 = 1,33x10
5 ↳ g.g.2
4 = 1.01x105 x 1.33 x 105: 2.34x105 PA
 The ideal gas law

If we consider & mode of an Ideal

gas
The equation
P: Pascal
9. V = 7.RT v:m3
5: K

R:
gaecaston
entails"

Real gas VS I deal

gas
·
Particles Have volume
Be Have
al
gaze
like
·
particles no volume

Energy Collisions ideal No Energy less

· east on on
gay ·

AT Elastic Collisions
Intermolecular T
·
faces a
fight
· No Juten action Between
Low pressure ideal
Particles
·
in an

gas
No
of made
of a compound: MASS
Molan Mars

N number of Mote Celer

1) mode =

NA Arogade's constant
O

p. V =
H.RT
V H.R T
P. =
P
T:
= 3 x

book
105 pA
V = 0.02

1.013 x1OS-VIO3 3 x 105.0.02 = 7.8.31,300

D = 2.41 moe

D =
#
Mola man
2.41: mass
28.2

Mars=bg g
Assumption using The Ideal
gas law
· Molecules are Constantly Moving
volume
· Molecules slave
neglible
Intermolecular
·
game neglible
·
Perfect elastic collision
· Have Average Kinetic Energy propational
To the Ideal ABSoCute Temperature
gass
 Relation mean square velocity of molecules and pressure
11) olecules on a Box

!
14. S Molecule
- Meb own les

- M4. (
Elactically
-
2: velocity sole cale

Change in Momentum:

12 - -
112 = 2 MD.(

B
etween Consecutive collisions
With Side A. BCD. The molecule
TRavel 2e
&

S
T

He TiMe between Collision side ABLD

·29
I
S=v.t F.C: DMC
+=& FoRagonmodale Ft=2MC
 F
A
=

AC
if
=>
e =

of
n

⑪CMC"
S
Onesecure
For a molecule
large no

see
are same relocityin
start notallmakesulyone square relat

fuioimimamiopanion
A verage

I"
an

volume

↓
=

However they leave a M

tion
2↓
P: NCY ->
P=3.?
 Volumage -
P =
= ACC's
Pgimies' AmMulume" 9
So plenure
P 59<c)
=

Depends
of
on The
a
gas

& Density and <C2)

Mean Square velocity
of the new be cler

D = =
Nm <C>
V
·
pressure's proportional to N no of moder

·
Prevue is
proportional to in Mass
of molecule

D.V =
5 Nm <> · Pleasure is propational to (<"> Mean Square
velocity ·f
Molecules
s
->
Mean Square Speed inst
Nm
P.Grocume
V =

"
= a
< C">
in

↳ Do man moreculks
<c>=1.RT
tNm
↳ pressure pa of molecule
=>
5) AMount of Mode
H.M. T
p.V↳ =

cameos
↳pressure PA
vo
( gas
↳ Temperature
constant
K
W=NA Avogadnos constant

Emp = =mC
11
>C"):seT &

:first - Et
#

=K Baltzman Constant

↳)Average 273K,
"

Kinetic Energy <= 1.38 x

is
propational To T

<c)=1K. T
↳I 2
 Team Cational Energy (particle (
-Aconors ↳)Diatomic molecule
once
(
N
TR on Rational Has BOGY zanslational
T
Kinetic Energy and Rotational
Kinetic Energy

How can we
find The IE kinetic
energy of molester of a
gas
·
Find all KE of exolecules add and Average
· On Watch Each Molecules moving over a
period of TiMe

C
-> as it collide with of the molecules
-> , . .
.
With The Wall

Calculate it's Average Kinetic Energy

 The Bolt] man curve

Do of
Molecule 30 °C
with
500C

the
eness
image

KE Em <cY
3K.T
=

The Boltzman tells us how the property

of The Kinetic Energy of molecules is Kea T
Related To The Absolute Temperature
ke a vi

K: Very Small 130 x 105KT (Small number

Increase of KE m jowls per molecule is very small