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ROTC IMPLEMENTATION AMONG SENIOR

HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS

BY
ROGEL ACE VILLARICO

GRADE 11 HUMSS – A
MATALAM NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL-LINAO
OCTOBER 24, 2022
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BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Prior to the outbreak of the second-world-war, ROTC was a long
standing government program to prepare youth for military
service and to be a part of the Armed Forces of the Philippines
(AFP) Reserve Force. This reserve force is expected to fill the
demands of the army in case of war or disaster.

ROTC is one of the choice courses in the National Service Training

Program (NSTP) of the government, which aims to prepare youth
for service in the country.

Probably not everyone knows the word ROTC or Reserve Officer

Training Corps is a prominent program of the government, for
students in secondary and college. It aims to train military
discipline and skills. It is mandatory to take students, there are
others who are not allowed to undergo such as training as
physically handicapped students or may be recommended by a
doctor who cannot participate.

President Rodrigo Duterte said the Mandatory ROTC program in

grade 11 and grade 12 could help develop and deepen national
love and good citizenship for Filipino Youth.
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PRELIMINARY LITERATURE REVIEW

 Related Literature
According to pampubliko.com (2016) newspaper on February 8,
1967, President Ferdinand Marcos revoked the Executive Order No. 207
of 1939, which states the executive Order No. 59 in its place. This
executive order was made mandatory for ROTC in all colleges,
universities and other institutions with enrollment of 250 male students
and greater. President Marcos also issued a Presidential Decree No.
1706, also known as the “National Service Law”, on August 8, 1980. The
obligation for all Filipino citizens served as national service and defined
three categories of National services: civic welfare services, law
enforcement services and military services.

In 1981, the Congress passed RA 7077, the Citizen Armed Forces of the
Philippines Reservists Act. Sections 38 and 39 of this law have
mandated military education for two years (Basic ROTC) for all college
students, while ROTC programming (Advance ROTC) additional two
years voluntarily. The basic philosophy of these practices is the belief in
the role of Filipinos both citizens and soldiers – both the intellectual
and martial guard of democracy in which they live.

According to philstar.org (2016), one of the ROTC’s resurgence has

sprouted due to the tension seen in the regional territorial dispute in the west
Philippine Sea where the Chinese claimed it. And if ROTC is mandatory for
students in grade 11 and grade 12 they will be prepared as officers who can be
called immediately to defer the country of any occupation.

According to Padilla (2017), if the youth will understand the reason of the
training, they will learn many skills such as basic life support, first aid trainings,
basic self-defense, combat preparation, survival skills and others.
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In total, we see that not only does the nation benefit but we also learn many not
only defense but also disciplining ourselves.

 Synthesis
Pampubliko.com (2016), Philstar.org (2016), Padilla (2017) have all
supported the study. They all stated related topic to this study about the
perception on ROTC implementation among grade 11 & 12 students. Some stated
that the new president approves the return of Reserve Officer Training Corps. And
some stated the importance of ROTC to the youth.

 THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK
This study is anchored on Social-cultural Theory
Vygotsky (1978) believed that internalized learning was through social
context and included scaffolding (Bodrova & Leong, 2007). He conceptualized a
zone of proximal development (ZPD) in which the true capability of a learner was
represented by “the distance between the actual development level as
determined by independent problem solving and the level of potential
development as determined through problem solving under-guidance or in
collaboration with more capable peers” (Vygotsky, 1978, p. 86). He further
explained that different methods might be used to facilitate the success of
learners attempting to complete unfamiliar tasks; some of these were
demonstrations, leading questions or assistance by an initiating prompt. This
method of teaching is exceptionally well suited for the teaching of leadership
through a mentoring process.
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STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to discover the perception on ROTC Implementation among
Senior High School students of Matalam National High School-Linao.
Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the perception of the selected senior high school students in the
implementation of mandatory ROTC?

2. What are the benefits of ROTC among the Senior High School of Matalam
National High School-Linao?

3. What are the effects of the implementation of mandatory ROTC to the

Senior High School students of Matalam National Hugh School-Linao?

ABRIDGE METHODOLOGY
The participants of this research paper/study will be Senior High School
Students of Matalam National High School-Linao. The participants will be
randomly selected using systematic random sampling. This research paper/study
will use survey questionnaires to collect data and will use statistical data analysis.
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REFERENCES

Jepoyo, (2017). ROTC Buhay na naman! Retrieved from,

https://www.philstar.org.

BanatayPubliko, (2016). Revisiting the role of ROTC. Retrieved from,

https://www.pampubliko.com/background-briefings/views/revisiting-the-role-of-
the-reserve-officer-training-corps-rotc

Padilla, (2016). AFP eyeing to incorporate ROTC to K-12. Retrieved from,

https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/08/07/1610893/afp-eyeing-
incorporate-rotc-k12.