See discussions, stats, and author profiles for this publication at: https://www.researchgate.

net/publication/321748846

“STABILIZATION OF BLACK COTTON SOIL USING INDUSTRIAL WASTES- A

COMPARATIVE STUDY”

Technical Report · June 2014

CITATIONS READS

0 653

1 author:

Pradeepkumar M Hodlur
K.L.E. College of Engineering & Technology
3 PUBLICATIONS   0 CITATIONS   

SEE PROFILE

Some of the authors of this publication are also working on these related projects:

Conservation & Protection of Sasthamkotta Lake In Kollam District View project

All content following this page was uploaded by Pradeepkumar M Hodlur on 12 December 2017.

The user has requested enhancement of the downloaded file.

“STABILIZATION OF BLACK COTTON SOIL USING
INDUSTRIAL WASTES- A COMPARATIVE STUDY”

PROJECT REFERENCE NO. : 37S1060

COLLEGE : K.L.E. SOCIETY’S K.L.E. COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING &

TECHNOLOGY, CHIKODI
BRANCH : CIVIL ENGINEERING
GUIDE : PRADEEP M. HODLUR

STUDENTS : AMIT TORO

DILEEP BUBANALE

MALLESHI HOSAMANI

SNEHA SYAMPRASAD

Introduction:
Civil Engineers face many difficulties when construction activities are to be done in
expansive soils such as Black Cotton Soil because of their unconventional behaviour. These
soils have large tendency to swell and shrink with respect to variation moisture content, thus
causing serious problem to the structures build on them. The high cost of repairing the
damaged structures has drawn attention to the need for more reliable investigation of such
soils and necessitates methods to eliminate or at least reduce the effect of volume change in
the soil and increase the strength. Soil stabilization aims at increasing or maintaining the
stability of soil mass and chemical alteration of soils to enhance their Engineering Properties.
The rapid industrialization has resulted in generation of large quantities of wastes. These
materials possess problems of disposal, health hazards and aesthetic problem. Most of the
wastes do not find any effective use and create environmental and ecological problems apart
from occupying large tracts of valuable cultivable land. It has been observed that some of
these wastes have high potential and can be gainfully utilized in stabilization works. The
utilization of the industrial solid wastes Stabilization works will help in solving the
environmental pollution problems associated with the disposal. In the present work materials
such as Blast furnace Slag, Cement Kiln Dust, Cattle Waste Ash and Hypo-sludge is being

1
used for stabilization of soil and their effect is being studied on the Unconfined Strength of
Black Cotton Soil

Objectives of the project:

The Objective of the project is to achieve the value addition of Industrial Wastes such as
Blast Furnace Slag, Cattle Waste Ash, Hypo Raw Sludge from Paper Industries &
Cement Kiln Dust, rather than viewing these as waste utilization to contain environmental
degradation. Hence, strength characteristic of the stabilized soil with these industrial wastes is
done to know to the extent to which these industrial wastes can be effectively utilized as an
admixture without compromising for the strength and deformation characteristics. It is also
intended to know the optimum lime content and its effects on strength for the combination of
soil and industrial wastes.

Methodology:

In the present work materials such as Blast furnace Slag, Cement Kiln Dust, Cattle Waste
Ash, Hypo-sludge & Lime is being used for stabilization of locally procured BC soil and their
effect is being studied on the Unconfined Strength of Black Cotton Soil

2
Over more than 25 BC soil samples were collected in and around Chikodi town. Atterberg’s
limits of each sample were found. The soil having high Plasticity index was considered as
High Plastic soil & about 140 kgs of soil was brought to the lab for further study. The
Engineering properties of selected Highly Plastic Soil were determined. Blast furnace slag
was brought from Bangalore, Hypo-sludge from West Coast Paper Mills Dandeli; Cement
Kiln Dust from J K Cement Plant Mudhol & Cattle Waste Ash was brought from Shivayogi-
Mandir Badami.

Soil samples are prepared in UCS apparatus by replacing the soil from 2.5% to 30% of Iron
Slag, Hypo-sludge, Cement Kiln Dust & Cattle Waste Ash, by total weight of soil. These
samples are cured for 3, 7, 14, 21 days and UCS test is conducted on them. Here optimum
moisture content of soil obtained during Standard Procter Test was added while preparing
sample. Optimum percentage replacement of Industrial Wastes was determined. Further
samples having soil, Optimum Industrial waste (replacement by weight of soil) & lime
content ( 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% replacement by weight of total soil) were prepared and each of
the sample is kept for curing for 3,7,28 days and UCS test was conducted. Optimum moisture
content of soil is added in preparing the samples. The Results obtained are discussed below.

Results & Conclusion:

Variation of UCS Strength at different % of Hyposludge

800.00
Strength (kPa)

600.00 3 Days
400.00
200.00 7 Days
0.00 14 Days
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00 21 Days

Hyposludge (%)

3
 Variation of UCS Strength at different % of Cement Kiln Dust
800.00
Strength (kPa)

600.00 3 Days
400.00 7 Days
200.00 14 Days
0.00 21 Days

0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Cement Kiln Dust (%)

800.00
600.00 3 Days
400.00 7 Days
200.00 14 Days
0.00 21 Days
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00

Variation of UCS Strength at Different % of CattleWaste Ash

800
Strength (kPa)

600
3 Days
400
7 Days
200
14 Days
0 21 Days
0.00 5.00 10.00 15.00 20.00 25.00 30.00
Cattle Waste Ash (%)

4
The above graph shows that UCS strength of sample increases with increase in Hypo-sludge
content up to 10% and then decreases. Similarly optimum UCS strength for Cement Kiln
Dust was obtained at 22.5% replacement by weight of soil, 2.5 % for Iron Slag and 10% for
Cattle Waste Ash.

Variation of Strength of Soil & 10 %

Hyposludge and different % of Lime
800
Strength (kPa)

600
3 Days
400
7Days
200
28Days
0
0 2 4 6 8
Lime Percentage

Unconfined Compressive Strength of soil

with 10% Cattle Waste Ash and Different %
of Lime.
600
Strength (kPa)

400 3Days
7Days
200
28Days
0
0 2 4 6 8
Lime Percent

Unconfined Compressive Strength of soil

with 2.5% Iron Slag and different % of
Lime.
600
Strength (kPa)

3Days
400
7Days
200
28Days
0
0 2 4 6 8
Lime Percent

5
 The addition of lime will increase the strength. Hypo-sludge with 8% lime, Cement kiln dust
with 8% lime, Iron slag with 4% lime, and Cattle waste ash with 2% lime gives maximum
strength. The curing period increases the unconfined compressive strength of the soil treated
with Hypo-sludge, Cement kiln dust, Iron slag, and Cattle waste ash with lime.

Scope for Future Work:

The above work has been carried out in laboratory conditions. Practical feasibility at site has
to be studied.
Other than the above admixture used, we can further use different types of admixture from
different industries to study their effect on stabilisation of soil. We have added the lime
content upto 8% and we got the maximum strength of sample for Hypo sludge and Cement
Kiln dust. The variation of UCS Strength with further addition of lime content like 10%,
12%, 14% etc, has to be studied.

View publication stats